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Abidin, Zainal. "POLA BUNYI DALAM MANTRA PROSESI PACU JALUR DI KUANTAN SINGINGI: KAJIAN STILISTIKA." Madah: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 4, no. 1 (August 27, 2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31503/madah.v4i1.560.
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This study aims to describe the sound patterns of magical words of Pacu Jalur procession through stylistics study. By using the descriptive method and interview of the respondents living at Koto Kombu, Kuantan Hulu, Kuantan Singingi, the data, in forms of the magical words, are analyzed through several satages; transcripting, translating, classifying and formulating the research findings. The research findings show that the sound patterns of magical words of Pacu Jalur contain /sipata/, /ma/, /ka/, /rang/, /ja/, /al/ dan /si/, and assonanse consisting the sound pattern of /i/, /a-a-o/, and /a-a/. The rhemes include an initial position rheme with the pattern of a-a and sound pattern of /nan/, /un/, /di/, /ba/, /da/, /lah/, /no/, /ja/, /al/, /nan/, /di/, /ba/, /hai/, /nan/, and sound pattern of /un/, a middle position rheme with the pattern of a-a dan sound pattern of /do/, /pah/, /nan/, /uo/, /ngan/, /li/, /do/, /ang/, dan /au/, a final position rheme with the pattern of a-a-a and sound pattern of /mo/, /to/, /yu/, /to/, dan /au/, a twin rheme of thre pattern of aa-bb and sound pattern of /nan/-/uak/ and /kan/-/kat/, the pattern of (aa-bb) with the sound pattern of /lam/-/yu/, the pattern of (aa-aaa) with the sound pattern of /nan/, the pattern of (aaa-bb) with the sound pattern of /uak/-kan/ and /kat/-/hai/, and cross rheme containing the pattern of ab-ab with the sound pattern of /o/ /h/-/o/ /h/.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pola-pola bunyi dalam mantra prosesi pacu jalur melalui kajian stilistika. Dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif dan teknik wawancara dari informan yang tinggal desa Koto Kombu, Kuantan Hulu, Kuantan Singingi data berupa mantra dianalisis dengan langkah-langkah mentranskripsikan, menerjemahkan, mengklasifikasikan, menginterpretasikan data, dan merumuskan hasil penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah mantra-mantra dalam prosesi pacu jalur terdiri atas MMK, MPK, MMPJ, dan MMJ dengan pola-pola aliterasi yang meliputi bunyi /sipata/, /ma/, /ka/, /rang/, /ja/, /al/ dan /si/, dan asonansi meliputi bunyi /i/, /a-a-o/, dan /a-a/. Rima mencakup pada posisi rima awal dengan pola a-a dan bunyi /nan/, /un/, /di/, /ba/, /da/, /lah/, /no/, /ja/, /al/, /nan/, /di/, /ba/, /hai/, /nan/, dan bunyi /un/, rima tengah dengan pola a-a dan bunyi /do/, /pah/, /nan/, /uo/, /ngan/, /li/, /do/, /ang/, dan /au/, rima akhir memiliki pola a-a-a dan bunyi /mo/, /to/, /yu/, /to/, dan /au/, rima kembar pola (aa-bb) dan bunyi /nan/- /uak/ dan /kan/-/kat/, pola (aa-bb) dengan bunyi /lam/-/yu/, pola (aa- aaa) dengan bunyi /nan/, pola (aaa-bb) dengan bunyi /uak/-kan/ dan /kat/-/hai/, dan rima silang memiliki pola ab-ab dengan bunyi /o/ /h/-/o/ /h/.
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鲍, 富元. "The Analysis of the Problems and Strategies of the Hai-nan Festival Tourism Market." Modern Marketing 02, no. 03 (2012): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/mom.2012.23006.
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Phinsakul, Sanit, Nirat Soodsang, and Niwat Pattana. "Style of Pottery Products of Ban Tao Hai in Phitsanulok Province." Asian Social Science 12, no. 8 (July 7, 2016): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n8p74.
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<p>The objective of this research was to investigate the history and analyze the style of pottery products of Ban Tao Hai in Phitsanulok province. The research procedure took on documentary study appeared with the stories of pottery products of Ban Tao Hai, and explore pottery products of Ban Tao Hai in the museums and those discovered in Phitsanulok province. Data analysis focused on the history, styles, decorative patterns, and marks or symbols observed. Research result demonstrated that the pottery products of Ban Tao Hai were located in the ancient kiln sites at Ban Tao Hai currently situated in the area of Ta Pakao Hai temple and Ta Pakao Hai school at Hua Raw sub-district, Amphur Muang, Phitsanulok province. It is a cluster of large kilns stacked up and lined up along the Nan River, the kilns with high-technology. The products were either earthenware or large stoneware such as jars, jugs, basins, and bowls. According to the survey and excavation on 2 April 1984 by the regional Office of Fine Arts of Sukhothai and Phitsanulok, a stack of 2 kilns was discovered, i.e. the brick-built crossdraft kilns in similar sizes called Phitsanulok Kiln 1 (PK.1) and Phitsanulok Kiln 2 (PK.2). Ban Tao Hai pottery products that the researcher found were kept in the museum and in the community, altogether 80 pieces. Most of them were not in perfect condition, and only some with perfect condition were in good storage. These 80 pieces were in 6 categories: 1) wide-mouth jar, 16 pieces; 2) flaring-mouth jar, 17 pieces; 3) basin, 2 pieces; 4) round-bottom pot, 3 pieces; 5) jarlet, 33 pieces; and 6) mortar, 9 pieces. Among them, 17 pieces were decorated with applied spiral design (Lai Kod Hoi) so called “Lai Ou”, 27 pieces with excised and impressed designs, and another 36 pieces were undecorated. They comprised 26 glazed and 54 unglazed pieces. One of the unique features of Ban Tao Hai pottery was the marks or symbols made by the potters on the body of workpieces. The study revealed 22 marked and 54 unmarked pieces of pottery.</p>
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Adrianis, Adrianis, and Dhiant Asri. "Politeness of The Minang Community in The Tourism Object Area in Dealing with Japanese Tourists with Aizuchi Culture." Andalas International Journal of Socio-Humanities 3, no. 2 (January 20, 2022): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/aijosh.v3i2.22.
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The study focuses on politeness of merchants and managers in the Minang tourism area in the use of aizuchi towards Japanese tourists in Padang city. Politeness in terms of the language used by Minang merchants in tourism areas can be seen in the daily lives of those who use the Kato Nan Ampek culture. The ampek kato are kato malereng, kato mandaki, kato manurun, and kato mandata. Based on the five characteristics proposed by Mynard, there are only three characteristics, namely expressing confirmation, showing concern, and surprise. These characteristics indicate a cultural attitude that uses Kato Nan Ampek, namely kato mandaki and kato mandata. Politeness that is done to Japanese people who have aizuchi culture, namely the response to the interlocutor varies depending on the place. In general, merchants and tourism object managers are very polite in order to attract tourists to their business. Because of the limitations in mastering the Japanese language, the characteristic forms shown by the merchants are only in the form of confirmation by using the words はい (hai), はい、そうです (hai sou desu), and the form of one's attention in the form of そうですね (sou desune), expressing doubts by using the phrase わかりません (wakarimasen). Meanwhile, the politeness given by merchants and tourism managers is based on the functions put forward by Horiguchi, namely stating that the interlocutor is listening, understanding the conversation, agreeing, and expressing feelings.
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Lian, Chun-Ang, Jun-Yuan Li, Fang-Chao Zhu, Jun Li, and Li-Sheng He. "The complete mitochondrial genome of a new deep-sea hagfish Eptatretus sp. Nan-Hai (Myxinidae: Eptatretus) from the South China Sea." Mitochondrial DNA Part B 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 619–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23802359.2019.1711220.
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Mu-Zhen, Lu. "OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND TREATMENT IN OFFSHORE OIL INDUSTRY OF CHINA." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1989, no. 1 (February 1, 1989): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1989-1-235.
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ABSTRACT The China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), established in October 1982, is the sole Chinese company dealing with offshore oil exploration, development, and production. It has four regional corporations, and four specialized corporations, as well as seventeen joint venture corporations. CNOOC has four representative offices outside China. Since the Sino-foreign cooperation for offshore oil exploration and development in China started, 360,000 line km of seismic survey have been shot, thirty-nine oil and gas bearing structures have been found, fifteen oil fields have been evaluated as having large hydrocarbon accumulations, nine oil fields have been developed and put into production, 179 exploratory wells have been drilled, and CNOOC has signed thirty-nine contracts with a total of forty-five foreign companies from twelve countries. There are five laws and regulations in the PRC affecting offshore oil development and marine environmental pollution. In accord with these laws and regulations, CNOOC has reviewed four environmental impact statements for offshore oil fields received from its regional corporations. CNOOC has made oil spill contingency plans for the Cheng-Bei offshore oil field in Bo-Hai, and the Wei 10-3 offshore oil field in the Gulf of Bei-Bu. Some oil spill combating equipment is owned by the Bo-Hai Oil Corporation and the Nan-Hai West Oil Corporation, selected on the basis of the crude oil characteristics.
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Tosun, Hasan. "Discussion of “Construction of Concrete-Faced Rockfill Dams with Weak Rocks” by Hao-Feng Xing, Xiao-Nan Gong, Xiao-Guang Zhou, and Hai-Feng Fu." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 134, no. 8 (August 2008): 1224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2008)134:8(1224).
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Zhang, Yun, and Lucien Hoffmann. "Blue-green algal mats of the salinas in San-ya, Hai-nan Island (China): structure, taxonomic composition, and implications for the interpretation of Precambrian stromatolites." Precambrian Research 56, no. 3-4 (May 1992): 275–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(92)90105-w.
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Barrett, T. H. "The Feng-tao k'o and Printing on Paper in Seventh-Century China." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 60, no. 3 (October 1997): 538–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00032547.
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One of the arguments for supposing that the ‘world's earliest printed book’, the Diamond Sūtra in the Stein collection in London, is actually the outcome of a long process of development relies on the very high quality of the images contained in the frontispiece. It is possible, of course, to point to much more crudely formed Buddha images stamped on paper from the same source at Tunhuang, but the dated examples that have been studied are actually later than the Stein Diamond Sūtra itself.1 The practice of printing Buddha images on paper and silk in India is attested in 792 by the Nan-hai chi-kuei nei-fa chuan of I-ching who was in India 673–85, and Paul Pelliot for one was prepared to believe that this practice, using Chinese materials, was originally derived from China itself.2 Frustratingly enough, however, no Chinese source has so far been identified which clearly mentions printing on paper at any point earlier than I-ching's text, which itself does not antedate by more than half a century or so the earliest printed materials we actually possess, notably in the form of a dharaṇī from Korea.3
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富元, 鲍. "论海南省节庆旅游市场的开发问题及对策The Analysis of the Problems and Strategies of the Hai-nan Festival Tourism Market." Modern Marketing 02, no. 03 (2012): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/mom.2012.23006.
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Lee, B. Y., L. Corbari, and B. Richer de Forges. "Deep-sea spider crabs of the genus Oxypleurodon Miers, 1885 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea, Epialtidae), from the Nan Hai 2014 Cruise in the South China Sea, with a description of a new species." Crustaceana 88, no. 12-14 (2015): 1255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685403-00003488.
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During a recent expedition in the South China Sea, three species of the deep-sea epialtid genusOxypleurodonMiers, 1885 were collected. Two species,O. stimpsoniMiers, 1886, andO. auritum(Rathbun, 1916), are new records for the area. The third species, one of the largest knownOxypleurodonspecies, is described here as new. It is most similar toO. luzonicum(Rathbun, 1916) andO. sanctaeclausiRicher de Forges & Ng, 2009, in possessing a rounded cardiac plate, but can be separated by the structures of the branchial and pseudorostral spines.
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Liên, Lê Thị, Lê Võ Hồng Ngọc, Lê Hà Tầm Dương, Nguyễn Thị Yến Nhi, Nguyễn Thị Hạnh Lan, Hoàng Ngọc Khánh Quỳnh, Lê Thị Thanh Thùy, et al. "Đặc điểm di truyền của chủng Klebsiella pneumoniae lâm sàng kháng phổ mở rộng phân lập tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh." Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng 31, no. 6 (July 1, 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.51403/0868-2836/2021/375.
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Klebsiella pneumoniae thuộc nhóm tác nhân gây nhiễm khuẩn bệnh viện hàng đầu. Việc lựa chọn kháng sinh điều trị hiệu quả trở nên nan giải khi vi khuẩn tiếp nhận và kết hợp nhiều cơ chế trở thành chủng kháng phổ mở rộng (XDR), chỉ còn nhạy cảm với một hoặc hai nhóm kháng sinh. Chúng tôi tiến hành nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả đặc điểm di truyền chủng K. pneumoniae XDR lâm sàng PI15KP27 từ dữ liệu giải trình tự bằng hệ thống MinION kết hợp với MiSeq. Kết quả phân tích bộ gene PI15KP27 cho thấy chủng có một nhiễm sắc thể dài 5.247.824bp và ba plasmid vòng có kích thước lần lượt là 222.330bp, 144.138bp và 121.851bp. Ngoài 29 gene kháng tìm được dựa trên cơ sở dữ liệu Resfnder, kể cả gene kháng colistin mcr-1 và carbapenem blaNDM-4, cơ sở dữ liệu CARD cung cấp thêm 14 gene quy định tính kháng liên quan đến cả bốn cơ chế bơm đào thải, giảm tính thấm của màng, tác động đến mục tiêu và bất hoạt bằng enzym. Việc tiếp nhận nhiều và đa dạng gene kháng có sự đóng góp quan trọng của các yếu tố di động như plasmid, yếu tố gắn chèn IS, gene tra, gene cassette. Sự kết hợp của nhiều cơ chế kháng kháng sinh trong chủng lâm sàng này làm báo động về khả năng lây lan của vi khuẩn K. pneumoniaeXDR trong các cơ sở y tế.
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Nguyên, Dình-Hoà, and Võ Phiên. "Hai muoi nam van-hoc miên Nam, 1954-1975: Tông-quan." World Literature Today 61, no. 4 (1987): 679. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40143977.
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Ding, Ruolin, Yuran Qian, Miao Chen, Jianru Yi, and Zhihe Zhao. "The effect of N-acetylcysteine on the antibacterial capability and biocompatibility of nano silver–containing orthodontic cement." Angle Orthodontist 91, no. 4 (February 11, 2021): 515–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/073120-670.1.
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ABSTRACT Objectives To determine whether the incorporation of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) improves the antibacterial ability and biocompatibility of nano silver (NAg)–containing orthodontic cement. Materials and Methods NAg was synthesized using a sodium citrate reduction method. NAg particles were characterized using transmission electron microscopy and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra. NAg and NAC were incorporated into a resin-modified glass ionomer cement. Enamel shear bond strength (SBS), antibacterial capability, and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Results Incorporating 0.15% NAg and 20% NAC had no adverse effect on the SBS of orthodontic cement (P > .1). Adding NAC into NAg-containing cement greatly reduced the biofilm metabolic activity and lactic acid production (P < .05) and lowered the colony unit–forming counts by approximately 1 log (P < .05). The cell viability against NAg-containing cement was improved by NAC (P < .05). Conclusions The incorporation of NAC into NAg-containing cement achieved stronger antibacterial capability and better biocompatibility, without compromising the enamel SBS. The combined use of NAC and NAg is promising to combat caries in orthodontic practice.
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Hoàng, Hồ Việt, Nguyễn Gia Hóa, and Trịnh Ngân Hà. "ĐÁNH GIÁ ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA YẾU TỐ ĐẤT ĐAI ĐẾN THU NHẬP CỦA NÔNG HỘ TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN THỊ XÃ HƯƠNG TRÀ, TỈNH THỪA THIÊN HUẾ." Tạp chí Khoa học và công nghệ nông nghiệp, Trường Đại học Nông Lâm Huế 5, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 2272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.46826/huaf-jasat.v5n1y2021.346.
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Thu nhập của hộ gia đình ở khu vực nông nghiệp vẫn là một vấn đề nan giải tại Việt Nam nói chung và ở thị xã Hương Trà nói riêng. Nghiên cứu nhằm xác định mối quan hệ và mức độ tác động của yếu tố đất đai đến thu nhập của nông hộ, từ đó đề xuất giải pháp tăng thu nhập cho nông hộ dựa vào mở rộng quy mô đất nông nghiệp tại thị xã Hương Trà. Để đạt được mục tiêu đề ra, nghiên cứu đã tiến hành khảo sát 90 nông hộ tại 02 phường và 01 xã có diện tích đất nông nghiệp nhiều nhất tại địa bàn nghiên cứu là phường Hương Vân, phường Hương Xuân và xã Hải Dương. Số liệu sau khi thu thập được nhập liệu vào phần mềm SPSS 20 để tiến hành phân tích thống kê mô tả, phân tích tương quan và phân tích hồi quy nhằm xác định các yếu tố ảnh hưởng chủ yếu cũng như mức độ ảnh hưởng của các yếu tố này đến thu nhập của nông hộ. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy yếu tố diện tích đất nông nghiệp có mức độ ảnh hưởng lớn nhất đến thu nhập của các nông hộ với giá trị hồi quy lớn nhất với β5 = 0,282, tiếp đến lần lượt là các yếu tố trình độ học vấn (β1 = 0,273), nghề nghiệp chính (β4 = 0,273), khoảng cách đến thị trường tiêu thụ (β3 = -0,257) và khả năng áp dụng kỹ thuật canh tác (β2 = 0,196). Dựa vào đó, nghiên cứu đã đưa ra hai giải pháp cụ thể góp phần nâng cao thu nhập của nông hộ tại thị xã Hương Trà trong thời gian tới, bao gồm: giải pháp cho thuê đất nông nghiệp và góp vốn quyền sử dụng đất.
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Household income in the agricultural sector has been a troubling issue in Vietnam in general and in Huong Tra town in particular. The study aimed to determine the relationship and the degree of the impact of the land element on farmers’ income, thereby proposing solutions to increase household incomes based on the expansion of agricultural land in Huong Tra town. To achieve the proposed target, the study surveyed 90 households in two wards and one commune with the largest agricultural land in the study area, which was Huong Van ward, Huong Xuan ward, and Hai Duong commune. The collected data was entered into SPSS software version 20 to conduct descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to identify the main influential factors as well as the impact levels on farmers’ income. The research results showed that the agricultural land area has the biggest influence on the income of households with the largest regression value with β5 = 0,282, followed by the educational level factors (β1 = 0,273), main occupation (β4 = 0,273), distance to the consumer market (β3 = -0,257) and applicability of farming techniques (β2 = 0,196). Therefore, the study has given two specific solutions that contribute to raising the income of farmers, including solutions for leasing agricultural land and contribution to land use rights capital.
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Hirsch, Jared, Gabriela Dieguez, and Paul Cockrum. "Comparing total cost of care for Medicare FFS patients with pancreatic cancer by chemotherapy regimen." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.721.
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721 Background: To analyze total cost of care for patients with pancreatic cancer by FDA-Approved/NCCN Category 1 regimen. Methods: Cancer episodes were identified using a methodology similar to the Medicare Oncology Care Model (OCM) in the 2014-2016 100% Medicare Limited Data Set (LDS) claims files. Index dates were established for chemotherapy claims that did not occur within 6 months of another chemotherapy claim for all Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries. Cancer episodes were defined as the 6-month period following an index date. Each episode was assigned a cancer type based on the plurality of cancer ICD 9/10 diagnosis codes that occurred on chemotherapy claims in the episode. Episode costs were calculated from claim paid amounts, and DME and other Part B spending was estimated using episodes created in the 5% Medicare LDS files using the same methodology. We analyzed total episode costs for three FDA-Approved/NCCN Category 1 pancreatic cancer regimens: gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (gem-nab), FOLFIRINOX (FFX), and liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI). Results: We identified 110,618 cancer episodes in 2016, of which 4,018 were for pancreatic cancer (average age at index: 71.3 years). Pancreatic cancer patients in these episodes were treated with gem-nab (45% of episodes), FFX (14%), and nal-IRI (4%). The main cost drivers across all regimens were Part B chemotherapy, other Part B drugs and inpatient services. Episode costs were $41,749, $42,086, and $45,851 for patients receiving gem-nab, FFX, and nal-IRI, respectively. Part B chemotherapy costs were $13,065 (gem-nab), $3,095 (FFX), and $18,472 (nal-IRI); other Part B drug costs were $7,343 (gem-nab), $17,013 (FFX), and $10,479 (nal-IRI); and inpatient service costs were $9,044 (gem-nab), $9,069 (FFX), and $5,108 (nal-IRI). Conclusions: Total episode costs for pancreatic cancer care were similar among three FDA-Approved/NCCN Category 1 regimens, but the components of cost varied. Episodes with Nal-IRI had the largest Part B chemotherapy costs and the lowest inpatient service costs. Episodes with FFX and gem-nab had similar inpatient service costs, which were higher than episodes with nal-IRI. Episodes with FFX had the highest other Part B drug costs.
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Ory, PA, MR Clark, AS Talhouk, and IM Goldstein. "Transfected NA1 and NA2 forms of human neutrophil Fc receptor III exhibit antigenic and structural heterogeneity." Blood 77, no. 12 (June 15, 1991): 2682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v77.12.2682.2682.
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Abstract Human neutrophils express two polymorphic forms (NA1 and NA2) of Fc receptor III (FcRIII), which differ structurally and antigenically. We recently isolated FcRIII cDNAs from NA1NA1 and NA2NA2 homozygotes and determined that they differ only at five nucleotides, predicting four amino acid substitutions. To determine whether the cDNAs that we isolated actually encode proteins that differ structurally and that react appropriately with anti-NA1 and anti-NA2 antibodies, we transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with constructs containing either the NA1 FcRIII cDNA or the NA2 FcRIII cDNA. The receptors on transfected CHO cells were then compared with the receptors on normal human neutrophils from an NA1NA2 heterozygote. After immunoprecipitation and treatment with N-glycanase, receptors isolated from surface-labeled CHO cells transfected with the NA1 FcRIII cDNA had an apparent molecular mass of 29 Kd after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), while the receptors isolated from CHO cells transfected with the NA2 FcRIII cDNA had an apparent molecular mass of 33 Kd. Identical 29-Kd and 33-Kd bands were observed when receptors isolated from surface-labeled neutrophils of an NA1NA2 heterozygote were treated similarly. Using a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, we translated NA1 FcRIII and NA2 FcRIII RNAs in vitro and also found differences in the apparent molecular masses of the two forms of the receptor. Finally, reactivity of transfected CHO cells with anti-NA monoclonal and alloantibodies confirmed that the cDNAs we isolated actually encode the NA1 and NA2 forms of neutrophil FcRIII.
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Ory, PA, MR Clark, AS Talhouk, and IM Goldstein. "Transfected NA1 and NA2 forms of human neutrophil Fc receptor III exhibit antigenic and structural heterogeneity." Blood 77, no. 12 (June 15, 1991): 2682–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v77.12.2682.bloodjournal77122682.
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Human neutrophils express two polymorphic forms (NA1 and NA2) of Fc receptor III (FcRIII), which differ structurally and antigenically. We recently isolated FcRIII cDNAs from NA1NA1 and NA2NA2 homozygotes and determined that they differ only at five nucleotides, predicting four amino acid substitutions. To determine whether the cDNAs that we isolated actually encode proteins that differ structurally and that react appropriately with anti-NA1 and anti-NA2 antibodies, we transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells with constructs containing either the NA1 FcRIII cDNA or the NA2 FcRIII cDNA. The receptors on transfected CHO cells were then compared with the receptors on normal human neutrophils from an NA1NA2 heterozygote. After immunoprecipitation and treatment with N-glycanase, receptors isolated from surface-labeled CHO cells transfected with the NA1 FcRIII cDNA had an apparent molecular mass of 29 Kd after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), while the receptors isolated from CHO cells transfected with the NA2 FcRIII cDNA had an apparent molecular mass of 33 Kd. Identical 29-Kd and 33-Kd bands were observed when receptors isolated from surface-labeled neutrophils of an NA1NA2 heterozygote were treated similarly. Using a cell-free rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, we translated NA1 FcRIII and NA2 FcRIII RNAs in vitro and also found differences in the apparent molecular masses of the two forms of the receptor. Finally, reactivity of transfected CHO cells with anti-NA monoclonal and alloantibodies confirmed that the cDNAs we isolated actually encode the NA1 and NA2 forms of neutrophil FcRIII.
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Stroncek, DF, KM Skubitz, LB Plachta, RA Shankar, ME Clay, J. Herman, HB Fleit, and J. McCullough. "Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia due to an antibody to the neutrophil Fc- gamma receptor III with maternal deficiency of CD16 antigen." Blood 77, no. 7 (April 1, 1991): 1572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v77.7.1572.1572.
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Abstract Antibodies to the neutrophil-specific antigens NA1 and NA2 are associated with alloimmune neonatal neutropenia (ANN), autoimmune neutropenia of childhood, and acute pulmonary transfusion reactions. These antigens have been found to be located on the neutrophil Fc-gamma receptor III (FcRIII). The mother of a child with ANN was found to lack both NA antigens and to produce an antibody that reacted with all normal neutrophils tested. We used maternal antibody and a CD16 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that has specificity for FcRIII to immunoblot and immunoprecipitate neutrophil membranes of various NA phenotypes. Both antibodies immunoblotted an approximately 40- to 70-Kd glycoprotein (GP) on NA1, NA2-positive membrane, an approximately 40- to 55-Kd GP on NA1-homozygous membranes, and an approximately 55- to 70- Kd GP on NA2-homozygous membranes. Both antibodies also immunoprecipitated a 50- to 80-Kd GP from NA1, NA2-positive cells, a 50- to 60-Kd GP from NA1-homozygous cells, and a 55- to 80-Kd GP from NA2- homozygous cells. To further examine the specificity of the maternal antibody, sequential immunoprecipitation studies were performed using maternal antisera and a CD16 MoAb. After extracts of 125I surface- labeled neutrophils were precleared with maternal serum, CD16 MoAbs no longer immunoprecipitated any GP. Neither the CD16 MoAb nor a rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for FcRIII detected any GP in maternal neutrophil membranes by immunoblotting. Neutrophil FcRIII is a glycosyl- phosphatidylinositol anchored membrane GP as is decay accelerating factor and both are absent from neutrophils of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Maternal neutrophil membranes were probed with antibody specific for DAF and an 80-Kd GP was detected. This woman also has had no clinical evidence of PNH. These studies provide further evidence that the NA1 and NA2 antigens are on FcRIII and identify a healthy person whose neutrophils lack not only the neutrophil specific antigens NA1 and NA2 but multiple other epitopes of FcRIII and, therefore, likely lack FcRIII entirely.
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Stroncek, DF, KM Skubitz, LB Plachta, RA Shankar, ME Clay, J. Herman, HB Fleit, and J. McCullough. "Alloimmune neonatal neutropenia due to an antibody to the neutrophil Fc- gamma receptor III with maternal deficiency of CD16 antigen." Blood 77, no. 7 (April 1, 1991): 1572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v77.7.1572.bloodjournal7771572.
Full textAbstract:
Antibodies to the neutrophil-specific antigens NA1 and NA2 are associated with alloimmune neonatal neutropenia (ANN), autoimmune neutropenia of childhood, and acute pulmonary transfusion reactions. These antigens have been found to be located on the neutrophil Fc-gamma receptor III (FcRIII). The mother of a child with ANN was found to lack both NA antigens and to produce an antibody that reacted with all normal neutrophils tested. We used maternal antibody and a CD16 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that has specificity for FcRIII to immunoblot and immunoprecipitate neutrophil membranes of various NA phenotypes. Both antibodies immunoblotted an approximately 40- to 70-Kd glycoprotein (GP) on NA1, NA2-positive membrane, an approximately 40- to 55-Kd GP on NA1-homozygous membranes, and an approximately 55- to 70- Kd GP on NA2-homozygous membranes. Both antibodies also immunoprecipitated a 50- to 80-Kd GP from NA1, NA2-positive cells, a 50- to 60-Kd GP from NA1-homozygous cells, and a 55- to 80-Kd GP from NA2- homozygous cells. To further examine the specificity of the maternal antibody, sequential immunoprecipitation studies were performed using maternal antisera and a CD16 MoAb. After extracts of 125I surface- labeled neutrophils were precleared with maternal serum, CD16 MoAbs no longer immunoprecipitated any GP. Neither the CD16 MoAb nor a rabbit polyclonal antibody specific for FcRIII detected any GP in maternal neutrophil membranes by immunoblotting. Neutrophil FcRIII is a glycosyl- phosphatidylinositol anchored membrane GP as is decay accelerating factor and both are absent from neutrophils of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Maternal neutrophil membranes were probed with antibody specific for DAF and an 80-Kd GP was detected. This woman also has had no clinical evidence of PNH. These studies provide further evidence that the NA1 and NA2 antigens are on FcRIII and identify a healthy person whose neutrophils lack not only the neutrophil specific antigens NA1 and NA2 but multiple other epitopes of FcRIII and, therefore, likely lack FcRIII entirely.
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Kemmer, Gabriele, Thomas J. Reilly, Joachim Schmidt-Brauns, Gary W. Zlotnik, Bruce A. Green, Michael J. Fiske, Mark Herbert, et al. "NadN and e (P4) Are Essential for Utilization of NAD and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide but Not Nicotinamide Riboside in Haemophilus influenzae." Journal of Bacteriology 183, no. 13 (July 1, 2001): 3974–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.183.13.3974-3981.2001.
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ABSTRACT Haemophilus influenzae has an absolute requirement for NAD (factor V) because it lacks almost all the biosynthetic enzymes necessary for the de novo synthesis of that cofactor. Factor V can be provided as either nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), or nicotinamide riboside (NR) in vitro, but little is known about the source or the mechanism of uptake of these substrates in vivo. As shown by us earlier, at least two gene products are involved in the uptake of NAD, the outer membrane lipoprotein e (P4), which has phosphatase activity and is encoded by hel, and a periplasmic NAD nucleotidase, encoded by nadN. It has also been observed that the latter gene product is essential for H. influenzae growth on media supplemented with NAD. In this report, we describe the functions and substrates of these two proteins as they act together in an NAD utilization pathway. Data are provided which indicate that NadN harbors not only NAD pyrophosphatase but also NMN 5′-nucleotidase activity. Thee (P4) protein is also shown to have NMN 5′-nucleotidase activity, recognizing NMN as a substrate and releasing NR as its product. Insertion mutants of nadN or deletion and site-directed mutants of hel had attenuated growth and a reduced uptake phenotype when NMN served as substrate. Ahel and nadN double mutant was only able to grow in the presence of NR, whereas no uptake of NMN was observed.
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Latimer, Helen, Samantha Tomicki, Gabriela Dieguez, Paul Cockrum, and George P. Kim. "Dispersion in total cost of care for Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving FDA-approved/NCCN Category 1 regimens at teaching versus non-teaching institutions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16244-e16244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16244.
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e16244 Background: Teaching institutions receive additional funding from Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) to provide specialized, quality care. Objectives: To analyze the dispersion in total cost of care (TCOC) for Medicare FFS patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic cancer (m-PANC) treated at teaching (teach) or non-teaching (non-teach) institutions. Methods: We identified pts with m-PANC using ICD-9/10 diagnosis codes in the 2016-18 Medicare Parts A/B/D 100% Research Identifiable Files. Study pts had 2+ claims with a pancreatic cancer diagnosis and Medicare FFS coverage for 6 months pre- and 3 months post-metastasis diagnosis. Study pts were treated with NCCN Category 1 regimens: 1L gemcitabine monotherapy (gem-mono), 1L gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (gem-nab), 1L FOLFIRINOX (FFX), and 2L liposomal irinotecan-based regimen (nal-IRI). Pts were attributed to teach or non-teach institutions based on plurality of chemotherapy claims. TCOC reflects insurer-paid services per line of therapy (LOT) for 3 categories: chemotherapy/supportive drugs (chemo/Rx), inpatient care (IP), and other outpatient care (OP). We grouped pts by quartile (qrt), evaluated drivers of TCOC, and mean rates of admissions (admits/pt). Results: We identified 3,908 (teach) and 2,632 (non-teach) pts taking NCCN Category 1 regimens. There was a similar mix of patients in both cohorts, with gem-mono pts making up only 3% of the sample. Gem-nab accounted for 73% and 70% of pts in teach and non-teach institutions, respectively. For gem-nab, FFX, and nal-IRI pts, median TCOC was similar in both cohorts. However, median TCOC for the two non-generic drugs in our study, gem-nab (teach: $36,332; non-teach: $40,135) and nal-IRI (teach: $31,526; non-teach: $39,360), were lower at teach institutions than non-teach institutions. The components of TCOC are similar between teach and non-teach institutions in all qrts. In both cohorts, % IP costs for all regimens increased between the first and fourth qrt (teach:14% to 23%, non-teach:14% to 26%). In the teach cohort, nal-IRI pts had the lowest admits/pt in all qrts. In the non-teach cohort, there was no discernable pattern, although nal-IRI pts had the lowest admits/pt in the second and fourth qrt. Conclusions: For non-generic regimens like nal-IRI and gem-nab, median TCOC was lower at teach institutions than non-teach institutions. There were no consistent differences in TCOC dispersion or admissions between cohorts. Across qrts, chemotherapy accounted for approximately half the TCOC. However, IP costs were proportionally higher in the fourth qrt, especially for non-teach institutions. Despite nal-IRI pts being on the second LOT, both median TCOC and admits/pt across qrts were lower than gem-nab and FFX in teach institutions. In the non-teach cohort, median TCOC were similar among nal-IRI, gem-nab, and FFX.
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OKADA, Satoru. "HACCHO-GOTEN, FORMER NAN-EN-OCHAYA, OF HAGI DURING EDO-ERA." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 67, no. 561 (2002): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.67.239_4.
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Yusandra, Titiek Fujita. "STRUKTUR PERCAKAPAN DALAM TEKS DRAMA ANGGUN NAN TONGGA KARYA WISRAN HADI." Jurnal KATA 1, no. 2 (October 10, 2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/jk.v1i2.2112.
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<p><em>The research was motivated by the importance of the position of dialogue because dialogue is a principal part in the drama. Therefore, the elements that make a dialogue needs to be considered as good or bad qualities of a play is determined by the dialogue. As a form of literature, there is no reason for us, both practitioners, researchers, or connoisseurs of drama not to study and analyze the text of the drama as long as we do not forget that writing is to be staged.</em><em> Based on the findings of the study found four conclusions. First, the speech contained on the text of ANT play by Wisran Hadi, besides the observance of the principles of cooperation of participants is also a violation of the principles of cooperation participants. Second, in a couple snippets of conversations, snippets of the most widely used demand an explanation because between figures always requires an action that met with the reaction. Third, the nature of the speech series, in addition to the three types of speech that is the nature of the series, the series pattern found continue conversation. Fourth, in terms of turn taking, in addition to the pattern of cultivation is set, turn patterns are found automatically, and turn seized. It shows that the text of ANT has its own strengths as a text.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh pentingnya kedudukan dialog</em><em> karena dialog merupakan bagian utama dalam drama. Oleh sebab itu, unsur-unsur yang membentuk sebuah dialog tersebut perlu diperhatikan karena baik </em><em>maupun</em><em> tidaknya kualitas sebuah drama ditentukan oleh dialog. Sebagai bentuk kesusastraan, tidak ada alasan bagi kita, baik praktisi, peneliti, ataupun penikmat drama</em><em> </em><em>untuk tidak mempelajari dan menganalisis teks drama sepanjang kita tidak melupakan bahwa tulisan tersebut untuk dipentaskan. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian didapatkan empat simpulan.</em><em> </em><em>P</em><em>ertama, </em><em>tuturan yang terdapat pada teks drama ANT karya Wisran Hadi, selain adanya pematuhan prinsip kerja sama partisipan juga adanya pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama partisipan. </em><em>Kedua, dalam penggalan pasangan percakapan, penggalan meminta penjelasan paling banyak digunakan</em><em> karena antartokoh selalu menuntut adanya suatu aksi yang dibalas dengan reaksi. </em><em>Ketiga, d</em><em>ari</em><em> </em><em>sifat rangkaian tuturan,</em><em> selain ketiga jenis sifat rangkaian tuturan yang ada, ditemukan pola rangkaian percakapan berkelanjutan</em><em>. </em><em>Keempat, dari segi pola kesempatan berbicara, </em><em>selain pola gilir diatur, </em><em>ditemukan pola giliran otomatis, </em><em>dan </em><em>giliran direbut.</em><em> Hal tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa teks ANT ini memiliki kekuatan sebagai sebuah teks. </em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>
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Phuong, Tran Van, Le Xuan Sinh, Le Duc Cuong, Dang Cong Xuong, and Bui Thi Minh Ha. "Community Tourism Development in Viet Hai Commune (Cat Ba, Hai Phong City, Viet Nam) Under the Green Economy Model." Environment and Natural Resources Research 10, no. 2 (May 5, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v10n2p43.
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The study of community tourism development based on green economy model is the focus of this paper. The research is implemented in Viet Hai - a commune of Cat Hai island district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam. In order to evaluate, select and develop this model in the locality, a number of research methods have been applied such as: Method of seminars, expert consult, group system of sampling methods, fertilizer analyzing laboratories and methods of interviewing and collecting socio-economic data. The research outcome is given that, the community tourism based on green economy is a type of economic model that contributes not only on the local socio-economic development, but also surmounting the seasonal tourism situation, and maximizing the region's potential and strengths. The model chosen was the communitys based tourism model, with the participation of 1/3 of households in Viet Hai commune. The model has a management board with applicable rules and regulations to objects such as households, tourism operators and Viet Hai visitors. The model has been oriented towards exploiting the landscape values associated with environmental protection programs, especially towards the point-based community tourism model of Cat Ba district – which say “no” to single-use plastic products. This tourism model has created the tourism products that are different from the existing models in Cat Ba (Hai Phong), creating channels to link with tourists to attract more visitors to Viet Hai increasingly to the year.
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Latimer, Helen, Samantha Tomicki, Gabriela Dieguez, Paul Cockrum, and George P. Kim. "Dispersion in total cost of care for Medicare fee-for-service (FFS) patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer receiving FDA-approved/NCCN Category 1 regimens at 340B verus non-340B institutions." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18843-e18843. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18843.
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e18843 Background: The Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) designed the 340B drug pricing program to allow institutions that service specialty populations to acquire drugs at lower prices. Objective: To analyze the dispersion in total cost of care (TCOC) for Medicare FFS patients (pts) with metastatic pancreatic cancer (m-PANC) treated at 340B or non-340B institutions, by NCCN Category 1 regimen. Methods: We identified pts with m-PANC using ICD-10 diagnosis codes in the 2016-18 Medicare Parts A/B/D 100% Research Identifiable Files. Study pts had 2+ claims with a pancreatic cancer diagnosis and Medicare FFS coverage for 6 months pre- and 3 months post-metastasis diagnosis. Study pts were treated with NCCN Category 1 regimens: 1L gemcitabine monotherapy (gem-mono), 1L gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel (gem-nab), 1L FOLFIRINOX (FFX), and 2L liposomal irinotecan-based regimen (nal-IRI). Pts were attributed to 340B or non-340B institutions based on plurality of chemotherapy claims. TCOC reflects insurer-paid services per line of therapy (LOT) for 3 categories: chemotherapy/supportive drugs (chemo/Rx), inpatient care (IP), and other outpatient care (OP). We grouped pts by quartile (qrt) and evaluated drivers of TCOC and mean rates of admissions (admits/pt). Results: We identified 2,697 (340B) and 3,839 (non-340B) pts taking NCCN Category 1 regimens. Gem-mono represented 1% and 4% of all pts in 340B and non-340B institutions, respectively. Gem-nab accounted for 72% of pts in both cohorts. For gem-nab, FFX, and nal-IRI pts, median TCOC was similar in both cohorts, although mean TCOC by qrt was lower at 340B institutions than non-340B institutions, except for gem-nab in the 1st qrt. The components of TCOC were similar between 340B and non-340B institutions in all qrts. In both cohorts, % IP costs increased between the 1st and 4th qrt (340B:15% to 23%, non-340B:14% to 25%). From the 1st to the 4th qrt, admits/pt increased in both cohorts. In the 340B cohort, nal-IRI pts had the lowest admits/pt while gem-nab pts had the highest in all qrts. In the non-340B cohort, nal-IRI pts had the lowest admits/pt except for in the 1st qrt. Conclusions: Median TCOC was lower at 340B institutions than non-340B institutions for all regimens, and the range of TCOC dispersion was also smaller at 340B institutions. Across qrts, chemotherapy accounted for approximately half the TCOC; however, IP costs were proportionally higher in the 4th qrt. Comparing regimens, despite 2L nal-IRI pts being more heavily pretreated, median costs in each cohort were similar to 1L gem-nab and 1L FFX, while admits/pt were generally lower than 1L gem-nab and 1L FFX across qrts and cohorts.
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Dean, Andrew, Li-Tzong Chen, Ramesh K. Ramanathan, Sarah Blanchette, Bruce Belanger, Deyaa Adib, and Eliel Bayever. "A randomized, open-label phase II study of nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI)-containing regimens versus nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPAC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2016): TPS482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.4_suppl.tps482.
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TPS482 Background: Two combination chemotherapy regimens have emerged as standard of care options for first-line treatment of mPAC: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (LV) + irinotecan + oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX), and nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine. Nal-IRI (MM-398) is a nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan. In a randomized phase 3 study (NAPOLI-1), of patients with mPAC who had been previously treated with gemcitabine-based therapy, nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV demonstrated its safety and significant clinical activity, increasing overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) relative to 5-FU/LV. The goal of this current study is to determine the preliminary safety and efficacy of nal-IRI+ + 5-FU/LV with or without oxaliplatin as compared to nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine in previously untreated patients with mPAC. Methods: This open-label, phase 2 comparative study will be conducted in two parts. Part 1 is a safety run-in of a nal-IRI+5-FU/LV + oxaliplatin regimen. The safety run-in will enroll small cohorts of patients following a traditional 3 + 3 dose escalation design to confirm the target dose of oxaliplatin (n = ~6-18). The primary objective of Part 1 is the safety and tolerability of nal-IRI + 5FU/LV + oxaliplatin. Part 2 is a randomized, efficacy study of a nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV + oxaliplatin regimen (Arm 1), the nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV combination that previously demonstrated efficacy in the NAPOLI-1 trial (Arm 2), versus a nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine control arm (Arm 3) (n = ~156-168). The primary objective of Part 2 is to assess the efficacy of nal-IRI-containing regimens in first-line mPAC patients compared to nab-paclitaxel + gemcitabine using the progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 24 weeks as the primary endpoint. Secondary of part 1 is a PK study and Part 2 secondary endpoints will include OS, PFS, objective response rate (per RECIST, v1.1), decrease in CA19-9 levels and quality of life assessments. Clinical trial information: NCT02551991.
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Eyre, C. A., K. J. Hayden, M. Kozanitas, N. J. Grünwald, and M. Garbelotto. "Lineage, Temperature, and Host Species have Interacting Effects on Lesion Development in Phytophthora ramorum." Plant Disease 98, no. 12 (December 2014): 1717–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-02-14-0151-re.
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There are four recognized clonal lineages of the pathogen Phytophthora ramorum. The two major lineages present in North America are NA1 and NA2. With a few exceptions, NA1 is found in natural forest ecosystems and nurseries, and NA2 is generally restricted to nurseries. Isolates from the NA1 and NA2 lineages were used to infect rhododendron, camellia, and California bay laurel in detached leaf assays to study the effects of lineage, temperature, and host on pathogenicity and host susceptibility. Isolates within both lineages were highly variable in their ability to form lesions on each host. There was also a tendency toward reduced lesion size in successive trials, suggesting degeneration of isolates over time. Temperature had a significant effect on lesion size, with a response that varied depending on the host and isolate. Phenotypic differences between lineages appear to be heavily influenced by the representation of isolates used, host, and temperature. The importance of temperature, host, and lineage are discussed with respect to disease management, as well as future range expansions and migrations of the pathogen.
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Hung, Nguyen Manh. "Long shore sediment transport computation for Hai Hau beach-Nam Dinh province." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 25, no. 1 (March 31, 2003): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/25/1/6577.
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Several stretches of shore line in the Red River Delta (RRD) are suffering from severe erosion, especially an area between too large river mouths Balat in the North and Day in the South, known as Hai Hau beach. Several different hypothesis have been put forward to explain this erosion. The cut off of the Ha Lan river mouth (in 1955) which discharged sediment at the upstream end of the beach, possibly affects Hai Hau beach. Also, the construction of Hoa Binh dam in the upstream part of Red river has reduced the sediment supply to the area. In this study, it is shown that the prevailing wave climate in connection with the complex topography of Balat river mouth and Hai Hau beach promotes erosion along the coastal line. A two dimensional random wave transformation model was used with 20-year time series of hindcast waves to compute the long shore sediment transport along the study beach.
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Pelekanou, Vasiliki, William E. Barlow, Marie-Kristin von Wahlde, Brad Wasserman, Ying-Chun Lo, Daniel F. Hayes, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, et al. "Effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and PD-L1 expression in the SWOG S0800 clinical trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.519.
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519 Background: Higher baseline TILs and PD-L1 expression are associated with greater pathologic complete response (pCR) rates, but how chemotherapy affects these immune parameters is unknown. The goal of this study was to examine TIL and PD-L1 expression in pre- and post-NAC tumor specimens from the S0800 clinical trial that compared weekly nab-paclitaxel/bevacizumab + dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) with nab-paclitaxel + AC as NAC for HER2-negative cases. Association between immune parameters, pCR and NAC-induced changes were tested using ER and NAC-arm adjusted logistic regression. Methods: TILs were assessed on H&E stained full sections of 120 pre- and 62 post-NAC tissues (tumor bed of pCR) including 59 matched samples. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry was performed using the FDA cleared 22C3 assay and results were available for 121 baseline and 43 matched post-NAC samples. Results: At baseline, the mean TIL count was 18%; 16% had no TILs and 9% had > 50% TILs. Higher baseline TILs were associated with higher pCR rate (p = 0.043, trend test p = 0.014) but there was no interaction with NAC arm. Post-NAC, the mean TIL counts was 11%; 5% had no TILs and 1.6% had > 50% TILs. In the matching post-NAC samples, the mean change was 15% decrease in TILs, but in 32% of cases TILs increased. Cases with residual disease (n=44) had lesser average decrease (p=0.029) than cases with pCR (n=15). The post-NAC decrease in TILs was also observed after excluding cases with pCR. At baseline, PD-L1 expression either in the stroma or on epithelial cells or in both was detected in 52 (43%) of 121 cases (5 tumor only, 29 stroma only, 18 tumor + stroma). Those with baseline PD-L1 expression had higher pCR (63% vs. 37%; p=0.008). Post-NAC, PD-L1 expression was seen in 14 of 43 (33%) cases (7 stroma only, 7 tumor + stroma). In the 39 matching pre- and post-NAC samples, PD-L1 expression was negative in both in 20, positive in both in 10 cases and 6 patients had PD-L1 expression at baseline but not in the post-NAC sample. Conclusions: TIL counts and PD-L1 expression generallydecreased, but in a minority of cases increased after NAC. The decrease in TIL was significantly greater in cases achieving pCR. Clinical trial information: NCT00856492.
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Dieguez, Gabriela, Andy Surinach, Daniel Mercer, Paul Cockrum, George P. Kim, and Pamela Pelizzari. "Real-world rates of hematology lab abnormalities and associated cost among metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) therapeutic regimens." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2020): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.4_suppl.670.
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670 Background: Low hematologic counts are a common, costly side effect of chemotherapy. This observational study examines rates and associated cost to treat. Methods: Data on adverse events (AEs) were extracted from the clinical Flatiron Health database for mPC patients (pts) from 01/2014-01/2019. Anemia, neutropenia, and lymphopenia occurrence was assessed via diagnosis codes and structured lab data. Costs due to AEs were derived from a claims analysis of mPC pts from 2013-2017 in Medicare Limited Data Set claims. Mean adjusted incremental costs (ICs) were estimated by comparing 30-day costs of pts with and without AEs, with controls selected among pts without AEs with the same regimen and line of therapy, when at least 80 cases/controls were identified. Results: 4592 treated mPC pts were identified (median age at diagnosis: 68y, IQR: 61 – 75). 1138 pts were treated with FOLFIRINOX (FFX) in first-line (1L), 2295 pts with 1L gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (gem-nab), 218 pts with second-line (2L) FOLFOX, 56 pts with 2L FOLFIRI, and 178 pts with 2L liposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI) based therapy. Observed rates of anemia and neutropenia are shown in the table below. Lymphopenia rates were similar across regimens and ICs were not statistically significant. ICs for patients with any grade anemia were $3864, $3818, $3536, $3978, and $2963 for FFX, gem-nab, FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, and nal-IRI treated pts, respectively. ICs for pts with any grade neutropenia were $2382 for FFX, $2440 for gem-nab, $2688 for FOLFOX, $3551 for FOLFIRI and $2307 for nal-IRI. Conclusions: Any grade anemia ICs ranged from $2963 [$1544, $4400] (nal-IRI) to $3978 [$2241, $5817] (FOLFIRI), and any grade neutropenia ICs ranged from $2307 [$703, $4313] (nal-IRI) to $3551 [$1227, $6039] (FOLFIRI). Pts treated with nal-IRI had similar any grade AE rates but lower ICs, which suggest lower severity of AEs. These results are consistent with Flatiron Health’s lower rates of grades 3+ neutropenia and anemia. [Table: see text]
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Ohba, Akihiro, Yuki Takumoto, Takeshi Terashima, Makoto Ueno, Satoshi Kobayashi, Kenji Ikezawa, Naohiro Okano, et al. "Electronic patient-reported outcome measured in patients with pancreatic cancer receiving second-line chemotherapy: A multicenter prospective observational study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2023): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.4_suppl.682.
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682 Background: Pancreatic cancer and especially late-line chemotherapy often negatively impact patient quality of life (QoL). However, QoL outside of the date of hospital visits has not been adequately evaluated. This study assessed QoL at home in patients receiving chemotherapy using electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePRO). Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study was conducted in 29 Japanese centers. Pathologically confirmed unresectable pancreatic cancer patients who were going to receive a second cycle of second-line chemotherapy, liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil/leucovorin (nal-IRI+FF), gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel (GEM+nab-PTX), or gemcitabine alone (GEM) at the outpatient department were included. QoL was assessed by electronic instruments on days 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 11 of each administration during two consecutive cycles (second and third cycles). The primary outcome was the index value of EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L). Secondary outcomes were the status of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-QLQ-C30 and Patient-Reported Outcome Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE). Results: A total of 90 patients, 56 receiving nal-IRI+FF, 27 receiving GEM+nab-PTX, and 7 receiving GEM, were eligible for this study. The patients who responded to at least the first questionnaire and received nal-IRI+FF (n = 46) or GEM+nab-PTX (n = 16) were selected for analysis. In the nal-IRI+FF group, the mean index value of EQ-5D-5L on day 1 of the second cycle was 0.803±0.142, declined up to day 6 (0.678±0.247), and had recovered by day 1 of the third cycle (0.776±0.197). Similar trends were observed in the third cycle; the nadir of the mean index value was 0.723±0.182 on day eight and had recovered by day 15 (0.782±0.159). On the other hand, in the GEM+nab-PTX group, the nadir of the mean index value in the second cycle was on day 6 of the third administration (0.751±0.184) and had not fully recovered by day 1 of the third cycle (0.789±0.182). For global health status according to EORTC-QLQ-C30, a similar trend to EQ-5D-5L was observed in both groups. According to the results of the PRO-CTCAE, pain (40.4%), diarrhea (36.5%), abdominal pain (30.8%), fatigue (28.8%), and anorexia (28.8%) were frequent severe or very severe adverse events in the nal-IRI+FF group. In comparison, diarrhea (29.2%) and anorexia (25.0%) were frequent severe or very severe adverse events in the GEM+nab-PTX group. Conclusions: QoL assessed by ePRO outside the date of hospital visits revealed the pattern or details of QoL transition. Further study is needed so that these trends can be taken into account in the management of chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: UMIN000044245 .
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Liu, Zheng Long, Jun Ding, Chao Yu, Hong Xi Zhu, Cheng Ji Deng, Jian Peng Liu, Guo Dong Fan, and Guang Hui Leng. "Effect of NaN3 Addition Content on NaCl-NaF Medium Nitridation Synthesis β-Sialon Powders." Key Engineering Materials 768 (April 2018): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.768.146.
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β-Sialon powders were synthesized via salt-assisted nitridation synthesis from Al, Si, SiO2 powders and molten salt medium (NaCl and NaF) with the addition of different content of NaN3 at different temperature for 3 h. NaN3 were employed as auxiliary nitrogen source which effectively provide sufficient nitrogen. The results indicated that the growth of β-Sialon powders had better effect when the NaN3 was added. And the β-Sialon powders grew more completely and the morphology of β-Sialon powders showed the rod-like crystal with hexagonal smooth tips instead of conical tips. In addition, the products displayed different sizes when the content of NaN3 was changed. These results of this work suggested that β-Sialon could be synthesized with specific morphology by adding different content of NaN3.
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Yusof, M. K. H. M., and Azizah Hanom Ahmad. "EIS and FTIR Characterisation of NaI-NaN(CN)2 Solid Electrolyte Prepared by Mechanical Milling." Solid State Phenomena 268 (October 2017): 333–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.268.333.
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Conductivity of sodium based solid electrolyte xNaI-(100 - x)NaN(CN)2 with various compositions (0 ≤ x ≤ 70) were investigated by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method in order to determine the conductivity value. Maximum conductivity of 10-4 S cm-1 was obtained for sample with 10 wt.% NaI. The improved conductivity could be due to presence of dicyanamide as an anionic-bridging ligand compound that provided conducting pathway for rapid Na+ ion conduction. The binary sodium solid electrolyte system was prepared by ball milling method with 200 rpm for 2 hours in order to promote ultra-fine size reduction and introducing defects in the crystal structure thus assisting rapid ionic mobility via hopping. Results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) characterisation showed some changes in infrared spectrum peak appearance within wavenumber region of 2200 – 2500 cm-1 that had proven some weak intermolecular interaction at the terminal N (nitrile) atoms of the dicyanamide.
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Mai, Tam Thanh, Nhan Thuc Chi Ha, and Huy Thuc Ha. "PREPARATION OF ORGANOCLAY BASED ON THUAN HAI (VIET NAM) CLAY MODIFIED BY GLYCERIDE MIXTURE." Science and Technology Development Journal 14, no. 2 (June 30, 2011): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v14i2.1946.
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In this study, in order to have a new organo-clay, we have used a non-ionic surfactant (glyceride mixture) to modify Thuan Hai clay(Viet Nam). Mono and di- glyceride mixture has been synthesized from linseed oil by trans-esterification reaction using the catalytic of base. By the analysis of thin chromatography method, the synthesized sample includes the majority monoglyceride. Before the modification process, Thuan Hai clay has been pretreated by the purification method to remove the impurity of quartz (SiO2), and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) has shown that purified Thuan Hai clay has a d-spacing d001~ 10Ǻ . And after the modification of clay, it was found that the interlayer distance of modified clay using ethanol as the solvent is about 15-16Ǻ , while that modified clay using non – solvent method is better and has the interlayer distance about 18-20 Ǻ .
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Nam, Nguyen. "Editorial [Hot Topic: Recent Developments of the Antimitotic Agents (Executive Editor: Nguyen-Hai Nam)]." Current Pharmaceutical Design 11, no. 13 (May 1, 2005): 1593–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612053764760.
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PESCHKEN, CHRISTINE A., CAROL A. HITCHON, DAVID B. ROBINSON, IRENE SMOLIK, CHERYL R. BARNABE, SURAJ PREMATILAKE, and HANI S. EL-GABALAWY. "Rheumatoid Arthritis in a North American Native Population: Longitudinal Followup and Comparison with a White Population." Journal of Rheumatology 37, no. 8 (June 15, 2010): 1589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.091452.
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Objective.To describe differences in phenotype and outcomes in North American Native (NAN) patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) followed prospectively and compared to white patients with RA.Methods.Patients from a single academic center were followed over 20 years using a custom database. Data included diagnoses, year of disease onset, ethnicity, modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ) score, patient and physician global scores, tender and swollen joint counts, treatment, serology, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Records of all white (n = 1315) and NAN (n = 481) patients with RA were abstracted. Cumulative treatment data and clinical measures were compared.Results.Disease duration was longer in white patients compared to NAN patients (16 ± 11 vs 14 ± 10 years, respectively; p = 0.03). Onset age was 34 years for NAN patients and 43 years for white patients (p < 0.001). NAN patients were more frequently positive for rheumatoid factor (89% vs 74%; p < 0.001) and antinuclear antibody (57% vs 21%; p < 0.001). Although mean tender joint counts and swollen joint counts were similar, NAN patients had higher Lansbury scores (weighted joint count; 66.5 vs 49.7; p < 0.001), mHAQ scores (1.1 vs 0.9; p = 0.001), and ESR (31 vs 25 mm/h; p < 0.012). NAN patients had more frequent knee (53% vs 34%; p < 0.001) and elbow (62% vs 48%; p = 0.007) involvement. Compared to white patients, NAN patients took a higher lifetime number of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (3.2 ± 1.9 vs 2.2 ± 1.7; p < 0.001), had more combination therapy (38% vs 29%; p = 0.002), and had more frequent prednisone use (55% vs 39%; p < 0.001).Conclusion.Compared to white patients, NAN patients with RA develop disease earlier, are more frequently seropositive, have greater large joint involvement, and greater disease burden, although treatment is more aggressive. These differences are present early and persist throughout the disease course.
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Lee, Allen Jonghyun. "Nam Nam Sang Yeol Ji Sa (Passion Between Men). Seoul: Hae Ul, 2003." International Journal of Asian Studies 3, no. 1 (January 2006): 148–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479591405300258.
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Li, Xiaofei, Zhiyi Cui, Xiaojin Liu, Zhou Hong, Peng Zhang, and Daping Xu. "Comparative Morphological, Anatomical and Physiological Analyses Explain the Difference of Wounding-Induced Agarwood Formation between Ordinary Agarwood Nongrafted Plants and Five Grafted Qi-Nan Clones (Aquilaria sinensis)." Forests 13, no. 10 (October 2, 2022): 1618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13101618.
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Agarwood is the dark resinous heartwood of injured ordinary Aquilaria sinensis (OA). Recently, some new clones of A. sinensis (Qi-Nan) that intensively produce high-quality agarwood were selected and cultivated by grafted clonal seedlings. However, very little is known about their agarwood formation mechanism, and it is unclear whether the current method of distinguishing Qi-Nan from OA by observing its leaf apparent morphology is scientifically reliable. In this study, the differences between OA and Qi-Nan clones in agarwood formation and their correlation with morphological, anatomical and physiological characteristics were investigated in two types of A. sinensis trees. After the mechanical injury, agarwood yield and essential oil content in agarwood of Qi-Nan were significantly higher than that of OA. There was no significant difference in leaf shape parameters between Qi-Nan and OA, but Qi-Nan showed higher specific leaf weight, total leaf chlorophyll, leaf nitrogen content and net photosynthetic rate. A xylem anatomical analysis showed that Qi-Nan had significantly smaller vessel wall thickness, greater ray cell wall thickness and larger interxylary phloem area than OA. Moreover, Qi-Nan had a greater consumption of non-structural carbohydrates than OA. Agarwood yield and oil content in agarwood showed significantly positive correlations with leaf photosynthetic capacity, the wall thickness of xylem ray cell, interxylary phloem area, starch utilization rate of trees, and a significantly negative correlation with the wall thickness of xylem vessel of trees. In brief, Qi-Nan has a stronger photosynthetic basis to supply more carbon sources, a more efficient xylem structural basis for agarwood production and a higher carbon source utilization rate, leading to a higher agarwood yield and oil content. It is not reliable to distinguish Qi-Nan from OA simply by observing leaf apparent morphology.
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Nadif, Rachel, Mickael Febrissy, Miora Valérie Andrianjafimasy, Nicole Le Moual, Frederic Gormand, Jocelyne Just, Isabelle Pin, et al. "Endotypes identified by cluster analysis in asthmatics and non-asthmatics and their clinical characteristics at follow-up: the case-control EGEA study." BMJ Open Respiratory Research 7, no. 1 (December 2020): e000632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000632.
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BackgroundIdentifying relevant asthma endotypes may be the first step towards improving asthma management. We aimed identifying respiratory endotypes in adults using a cluster analysis and to compare their clinical characteristics at follow-up.MethodsThe analysis was performed separately among current asthmatics (CA, n=402) and never asthmatics (NA, n=666) from the first follow-up of the French EGEA study (EGEA2). Cluster analysis jointly considered 4 demographic, 22 clinical/functional (respiratory symptoms, asthma treatments, lung function) and four blood biological (allergy-related, inflammation-related and oxidative stress-related biomarkers) characteristics at EGEA2. The clinical characteristics at follow-up (EGEA3) were compared according to the endotype identified at EGEA2.ResultsWe identified five respiratory endotypes, three among CA and two among NA: CA1 (n=53) with active treated adult-onset asthma, poor lung function, chronic cough and phlegm and dyspnoea, high body mass index, and high blood neutrophil count and fluorescent oxidation products level; CA2 (n=219) with mild asthma and rhinitis; CA3 (n=130) with inactive/mild untreated allergic childhood-onset asthma, high frequency of current smokers and low frequency of attacks of breathlessness at rest, and high IgE level; NA1 (n=489) asymptomatic, and NA2 (n=177) with respiratory symptoms, high blood neutrophil and eosinophil counts. CA1 had poor asthma control and high leptin level, CA2 had hyper-responsiveness and high interleukin (IL)-1Ra, IL-5, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13 and TNF-α levels, and NA2 had high leptin and C reactive protein levels. Ten years later, asthmatics in CA1 had worse clinical characteristics whereas those in CA3 had better respiratory outcomes than CA2; NA in NA2 had more respiratory symptoms and higher rate of incident asthma than those in NA1.ConclusionThese results highlight the interest to jointly consider clinical and biological characteristics in cluster analyses to identify endotypes among adults with or without asthma.
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Shin, Tae-Young. "Nam Gu-man’s National Defense Theory and its orientation." Han Mun Hak Bo 43 (December 31, 2020): 187–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.35496/han.43.6.
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Liu, Yin, Lei Fan, Zhi-Ming Shao, and Zhong-Hua Wang. "Abstract OT2-18-01: Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: an open-label, single-arm phase II study." Cancer Research 83, no. 5_Supplement (March 1, 2023): OT2–18–01—OT2–18–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs22-ot2-18-01.
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Abstract Purpose: The anti-tumor activity of nab-paclitaxel followed by epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (EC) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in Asian patients remains unclear, particularly in the aggressive subtype triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of this NAC regimen in TNBC. Methods: In this Simon’s two-stage, phase II study, treatment-naïve patients with resectable unilateral primary invasive TNBC were enrolled. Eligible patients received nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 weekly on day 1 for 12 weeks, followed by dose-dense EC (epirubicin 90 mg/m2; cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2) on day 1 for four 2-week cycles. The primary endpoint was the total pathological complete response (tpCR, ypT0/is ypN0) rate. Secondary endpoints included breast pathological complete response (bpCR, ypT0/is) rate, objective response rate (ORR), the proportion of patients requiring breast-conserving surgery, and safety. Results: 55 eligible patients were enrolled and treated. After neoadjuvant therapy, tpCR and bpCR were respectively observed in 43.1% (95% CI, 29.3%-57.8%) and 49.0% (95% CI, 3)4.8%-63.4%) of 51 evaluable patients for pathological response evaluation. 44 had an ORR as their best response (80.0%; 95% CI, 67.0%-89.6%). No correlations between clinicopathological variables and pathological/clinical response were observed. Grade 3 or more AEs occurred in 63.6% of 55 patients. The most frequent AEs were alopecia. No treatment-related surgical delay or death occurred. Conclusions: Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense EC as NAC demonstrates promising anti-tumor activity and acceptable tolerability for patients with TNBC. Citation Format: Yin Liu, Lei Fan, Zhi-Ming Shao, Zhong-Hua Wang. Nab-paclitaxel followed by dose-dense epirubicin/cyclophosphamide in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer: an open-label, single-arm phase II study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-18-01.
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SHI, X., and Q. D. ZHONG. "MICROSTRUCTURE AND PITTING CORROSION OF PLASMA-SPRAYED Ni–Al NANOCOMPOSITE COATING." Surface Review and Letters 23, no. 06 (November 17, 2016): 1650051. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x16500517.
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Ni-Al nanoparticles coating (NAN) was manufactured via atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and thermal treated under hydrogen atmosphere at 1300[Formula: see text]C (TNAN) remained 1 h, and NiAl microparticles coating (NAM) was manufactured as a reference. Nanoscale particles were observed in NAN by TEM, and these nanoscale particles disappeared in TNAN. Many pores and cracks were observed in NAM. Few pores and cracks were observed in NAN, and no pores and cracks were found in TNAN with SEM. A scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) testing in 3.5% (wt.) NaCl solution for 3 h revealed that NAM underwent several pitting corrosion, NAN pitting corrosion was relatively minor, and TNAN had no pitting corrosion.
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Vinh, Vu Duy, Sylvain Ouillon, and Minh Hai Nguyen. "Suspended sediment floc size in the Cam - Nam Trieu estuary (Hai Phong, Vietnam), in wet season." Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Biển 21, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1859-3097/16074.
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Median diameters (D50) of suspended particles were inferred in the wet season in the Cam - Nam Trieu estuary (Hai Phong, Vietnam) based on the particle size distribution measured by LISST-100X on five transects along the river from 23 to 26 September 2015. The results showed that floc diameters varied between 3.6 μm to 146.5 μm and averaged 49.14 μm. At high tide, the average floc size D50 was lowest (42.66 ± 11.55 µm). It reached the highest value in the ebb tide (62.87 ± 23.34 µm) and then decreased to intermediate values in the flood tide (48.75 ± 15.72 µm). The coefficient of variation of the mean floc size D50 was lowest in the high tide (27.05%), highest in ebb tide (37.13%), then intermediate in the flood tide (32.12%).
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Garbelotto, M., D. Barbosa, H. Mehl, and D. M. Rizzo. "First Report of the NA2 Lineage of Phytophthora ramorum from an Ornamental Rhododendron in the Interior of California." Plant Disease 98, no. 6 (June 2014): 849. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-13-1043-pdn.
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In July 2012, we collected a rhododendron var. Trilby with twig dieback symptoms in the lower canopy, consistent with the disease “ramorum blight” caused by Phytophthora ramorum. The symptomatic plant had been planted a year earlier to replace a dead rhododendron in a landscape setting in Placer County, California (Lat: 39.036216°; Long: –120.999274°), Sierra Nevada foothills at ~600 m elevation. Isolations yielded a culture with a fast growth rate and overall morphology resembling the P. ramorum NA2 lineage described by Ivors et al. (4). DNA was extracted from the culture as described previously (4) and six SSR loci: MS18, MS39, MS43, MS45, MS64, MS145, were amplified (2,4). Allelic patterns were compared with those of three testers from each of the three lineages NA1, NA2, and EU1 known to be present in ornamental plants in North America, and they unambiguously confirmed the isolate belongs to the NA2 lineage of the pathogen. Although the symptomatic plant was confined to a landscape setting, it had been planted in that location for a year, providing a possible source of inoculum for the surrounding area. This is the first report of P. ramorum from the Sierra Nevada eco-region in the interior of California. It is also the first report of a NA2 isolate from a plant outside of commercial nurseries in California. The mating type of the isolate was not determined, but NA2 isolates are normally A2, the same mating type of NA1 isolates. The only other report of a NA2 isolate found outside of a nursery is from Washington State (1). Although there is no evidence the pathogen may have infected other plants, the infected rhododendron was found at a location situated over 100 km east of the closest known infestation (www.sodmap.org). Additionally, this is the first report of the pathogen outside the coast mountain range of California. Because the three lineages are genetically and phenotypically distinct (3), the escape of NA2 or EU1 isolates, both still absent from plants in natural settings, could have significant implications for California ecosystems. This finding highlights that introductions of P. ramorum via ornamental plants are still possible, in spite of current regulations. References: (1) G. Chastagner et al. Phytopathology 101:S32, 2011. (2) P. P. Croucher et al. Biol. Invasions 15:2281, 2013. (3) N. J. Grünwald et al. Trends Microbiol. 20:131, 2012. (4) K. Ivors et al. Mol. Ecol. 15:1493, 2006.
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Kawahara, Kenji, Shigetsugu Takano, Katsunori Furukawa, Tsukasa Takayashiki, Satoshi Kuboki, and Masayuki Ohtsuka. "The effect of the low stromal ratio induced by neoadjuvant chemotherapy on recurrence patterns in borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma." Clinical & Experimental Metastasis 39, no. 2 (January 9, 2022): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10585-021-10142-7.
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AbstractThe optimal regimens of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and its biological and physiological modification of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (BR PDAC) remain unknown. A deeper understanding of the complex stromal biology of the TME will identify new avenues to establish treatment strategies for PDAC patients. Herein, we sought to clarify whether stromal remodeling by NAC affects recurrence patterns and prognosis in BR PDAC patients. We retrospectively analyzed data from 104 BR PDAC patients who underwent pancreatectomy with or without NAC (upfront surgery [UpS], n = 44; gemcitabine + nab-paclitaxel [GnP], n = 28; and gemcitabine + S-1 [GS], n = 32) to assess the correlations of treatment with early recurrence, the stromal ratio, and Ki-67 levels. Eighty-six patients experienced recurrence, and those with liver metastasis had significantly shorter recurrence-free survival than those with other recurrence patterns. The frequency of liver metastasis was significantly higher in patients with a low stromal ratio than in those with a high stromal ratio in the NAC group but not in the UpS group. Patients in the GnP group had significantly higher Ki-67 than those in the GS and UpS groups. A low stromal ratio was positively correlated with high Ki-67 in the NAC group but not in the UpS group. The low stromal ratio induced by NAC promoted early liver metastasis in patients with BR PDAC. Our findings provide new insights into the complexity of stromal biology, leading to consideration of the optimal NAC regimen.
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McCrory-Churchill, Shannon. "She Had a Door." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 120, no. 12 (December 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000724288.71627.92.
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Jo, Sangwoo. "The loyalty and historical perception in Sudang Yi Nam-gyu’s Essays." Han Mun Hak Bo 45 (December 31, 2021): 409–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35496/han.45.12.
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White, Robert A., Daniel P. Heruth, Troy Hawkins, Derek Logsdon, Margaret Gibson, Inna Sokolovsky, Ndona Nsumu, et al. "Mutation In Erythroid Specific Transcription Factor KLF1 Causes Hereditary Spherocytosis In the Nan (Neonatal Anemia) Hemolytic Anemia Mouse Model." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 3217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.3217.3217.
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Abstract Abstract 3217 The zinc finger protein Erythroid Krüuppel-like factor (EKLF, KLF1) regulates definitive erythropoiesis and terminal differentiation of red blood cells. KLF1 facilitates transcription through high affinity binding to CACCC elements within its erythroid-specific target genes which include genes encoding erythrocyte membrane skeleton (EMS) proteins. Deficiencies of EMS proteins lead to the hemolytic anemia Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS). We have identified a new HS gene by studying the hemolytic anemia mouse mutant Nan (Neonatal Anemia). Here we report that a mutation, E339D, in the second zinc finger domain of KLF1 is responsible for HS in Nan mice. The causative nature of the E339D mutation was verified with an allelic test cross between Nan/+ and heterozygous Klf1+/− knockout mice. Homology modeling predicted Nan KLF1 binds CACCC elements more tightly, suggesting that Nan KLF1 is a competitive inhibitor of wild type KLF1. Competitive inhibition may help explain the apparent disconnect between the finding that Nan/+ heterozygous mice are anemic, whereas Klf1+/− heterozygous mice are normal and haplo-sufficient. This is the first direct association of a KLF1mutation with a disease in adult mammals. After examining a small population of HS patients, we also discovered one HS patient with a KLF1 mutation, which resulted in a significant amino acid substitution (T251I) in the activator/repressor domain, 28 amino acid residues upstream of the first zinc finger domain. This HS subject had no known mutations in the exons or intron/exon boundaries of EMS genes (SPTA1, SPTB, ANK1, SLC4A1) which comprise 85% of HS mutations in humans. The lack of a known genetic mutation in EMS genes leaves this patient's KLF1 mutation as the leading candidate defect. The identification of the gene causing the Nan mutation is significant because the Nan mutant has allowed discovery of a new HS gene which may also cause this disease in humans. In addition, the putative dominant/negative competitive inhibition of the Nan mutation makes the Nan mouse an excellent model system to study the function of KLF1. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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jongsunna. "The Study on Confucian of Nae-am Choi, Jwa-Hae." DONG-BANG KOREAN CHINESE LIEARATURE ll, no. 33 (December 2007): 489–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.17293/dbkcls.2007..33.489.
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