Journal articles: 'Haematocrit concentration'

1

Noera, G., C. Massini, and G. Baggio. "In vitro plasma nifedipine concentration during heart-lung machine function." Perfusion 2, no. 4 (October 1987): 277–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765918700200406.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of calcium antagonists such as nifedipine for myocardial protection during cardiac surgery has been advocated by several authors. During extracorporeal circulation many factors, such as light, interaction with circuit materials and haematocrit, may contribute to decrease plasma clearance of calcium antagonists In an in vitro model of a heart-lung machine, plasma nifedipine and prime concentrations were detected with a series of samples at different temperatures (25 °C and 37 °C), haematocrits (0%, 20%, 30% and 40%) and light conditions (light and dark). The results show a rapid drop of nifedipine concentration with a halflife of about 3-9 minutes and this situation is influenced with statistical significance by the presence of light and increased haematocrit. The knowledge of this condition is useful when nifedipine is used before/ during cardiopulmonary bypass and during cardioplegia and reperfusion infusion with the use of extracorporeal devices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Albers, G. A. A., G. D. Gray, L. F. Le Jambre, I. A. Barger, and J. S. F. Barker. "The effect of Haemonchus contortus infection on haematological parameters in young Merino sheep and its significance for productivity." Animal Science 50, no. 1 (February 1990): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100004505.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACTFaecal egg counts, haematocrits, erythrocyte potassium contents and serum iron concentrations were determined in 1005, 3- to 5-month-old Merino lambs infected with a single dose of 11 000 Haemonchus contortus larvae. Live-weight gain and wool growth also were recorded. Lambs were infected in six different groups over a 3-year period. When infections were terminated after 5 weeks, faecal egg counts in the six infected groups had reached a peak of 5170 to 20 339 eggs per g (average 12 909), haematocrits had declined to between 196 and 309 ml/1 (average 233), erythrocyte potassium contents had risen to between 16·7 and 37·5 mequiv. per 1 (average 31·5) and serum iron concentrations, in some cases following an erratic course, had dropped to between 0·512 and 1·546 mg/1 (average 0·946).Of the three haematological parameters, haematocrit correlated best with faecal egg count (r = 0·7 in four of six infected groups). However, in two groups with low faecal egg counts this correlation was much lower (r = 0·3). Erythrocyte potassium concentration and serum iron concentration significantly correlated with variability of haematocrit not accounted for by faecal egg count, suggesting that both erythropoiesis and iron availability influence the degree of anaemia.The effect of H. contortus infection on productivity of lambs was best predicted by haematocrits: for each further 0·01 proportional decrease in haematocrit, a 0·03 reduction of live-weight gain over a 9-week post-infection period, a 0·007 reduction in clean wool growth and a 0·004 reduction in fibre diameter over a 4- to 9-week period were observed. Some evidence was obtained indicating a tolerance level of anaemia at approximately 280 ml/1 packed cell volume.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Al-Hassan, L. A. J., A. Y. Al-Abood, and A. A. Al-Seyab. "Seasonal variations in the haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit values of Silurus triostegus." Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria 20, no. 1 (June 30, 1990): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3750/aip1990.20.1.08.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Cleva, GM, GM Stone, and RK Dickens. "Seasonal-Changes in Hematocrit in Captive Koalas (Phascolarctos-Cinereus)." Australian Journal of Zoology 42, no. 2 (1994): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9940233.

Full text

Abstract:

Six males and nine females, members of a group of 15 captive koalas, were examined for changes in haematocrit for 22 and 11 months respectively. Plasma protein concentration and plasma osmolarity were also measured in samples that varied widely in haematocrit. Body weight was routinely recorded. In both sexes there were pronounced changes in microhaematocrit with time of year, with elevated values in winter and low values in summer. Microhaematocrit was thus significantly and negatively correlated with maximum and minimum daily temperature. These changes in haematocrit were not associated with changes in body weight, plasma protein concentration or plasma osmolarity. It is suggested that the higher winter haematocrit is a physiological adaptation to the higher energy demands when ambient temperature is reduced.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Salis, Emma R., David M. Reith, Roland S. Broadbent, and Natalie J. Medlicott. "Haematocrit influences insulin concentration measurements in dried blood spots." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 29, no. 19 (December 23, 2015): 3208–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2015.1119116.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Carter, A. J., and S. P. Hanley. "The Effect of Platelet Number and Haematocrit on Whole Blood Thromboxane Synthesis." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 53, no. 02 (1985): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1661280.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryWhole blood, allowed to clot at 37° C in glass tubes, synthesized thromboxane A2 (TxA2) as determined by radioimmunoassay for thromboxane B2 (TxB2). The time course for TxB2 synthesis showed no further increase after 60 min and the concentration of TxB2 in serum obtained from 60 normal subjects positively correlated with the whole blood platelet count in EDTA anticoagulated blood from the same donor.Patients with chronic renal failure produced less serum TxB2 than age- and sex-matched controls; they also had lower haematocrits. After re-calculating TxB2 production as a function of platelet count and haematocrit all but one of the patients fell in the range of values obtained for controls. These results suggest that chronic renal failure may not be associated with a cyclooxygenase defect and that clotted whole blood TxB2 production should be expressed as a function of platelet count and haematocrit.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Perry, S. F., and K. Gilmour. "AN EVALUATION OF FACTORS LIMITING CARBON DIOXIDE EXCRETION BY TROUT RED BLOOD CELLS IN VITRO." Journal of Experimental Biology 180, no. 1 (July 1, 1993): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.180.1.39.

Full text

Abstract:

An evaluation of several potential factors limiting carbon dioxide excretion by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) red blood cells was performed in vitro using a recently developed radioisotopic assay. Red blood cell (RBC) CO2 excretion was reduced by pre-treatment (30 min) of blood with the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (final nominal concentration 10–4 mol l-1) or the Cl-/HCO3- exchange inhibitor SITS (4-acetamido-4′-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid; 10-4 mol l-1). The addition of bovine carbonic anhydrase to plasma stimulated CO2 excretion in a dose-dependent manner, with maximal levels of CO2 excretion achieved at a concentration of 3 mg ml-1. These results confirmed that carbonic anhydrase activity and/or Cl-/HCO3- exchange velocity are potential limiting factors in CO2 excretion. Increasing the haematocrit elevated the rate of RBC CO2 excretion, although the effect was apparent only between 0 and 15 % haematocrit; the rate of CO2 excretion was unaffected by further increases in haematocrit between 15 and 35 %. Acute elevation of plasma HCO3- levels increased the rate of CO2 excretion in blood but not in plasma (with or without added carbonic anhydrase). These data suggest that HCO3- availability may limit CO2 excretion at higher haematocrits when the Cl-/HCO3- exchange sites are most plentiful. Lysis of RBCs and the accompanying release of intracellular carbonic anhydrase into the plasma significantly increased CO2 excretion at all haematocrit and HCO3- levels, indicating that the velocity of Cl-/HCO3- exchange does indeed limit trout RBC CO2 excretion. The addition of carbonic anhydrase (3 mg ml-1) to lysed blood caused a further increase in the rate of CO2 excretion but only at the low haematocrit of 5 %. This result suggests that the activity of RBC carbonic anhydrase does not normally limit CO2 excretion except at unusually low haematocrits, such as might occur during severe anaemia. The rapid oxygenation of partially deoxygenated blood during the 3 min assay caused a marked stimulation of CO2 excretion that was concurrent with a significant decrease of RBC intracellular pH (pHi). These data indicate that the supply of Bohr protons during the oxygenation of the blood is a key factor limiting CO2 excretion. Oxygenation of the blood prior to performing the assay also lowered RBC pHi, although CO2 excretion was actually reduced, indicating a possible specific effect of pHi on Cl-/HCO3- exchange activity or HCO3- dehydration. The results are discussed with reference to the control of carbon dioxide excretion in fish.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Lönnqvist, PA, and L. Herngren. "Effects of pronounced haemodilution on the plasma protein binding of lidocaine." Perfusion 10, no. 1 (January 1995): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765919501000104.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of pronounced haemodilution on the protein binding of lidocaine was investigated in vitro in plasma from five healthy adult volunteers. The plasma was diluted with a phosphate buffer to reach a plasma protein concentration normally seen during paediatric cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and protein binding was determined at a low (1.5 μg/ml) and a moderate (4 μg/ml) total plasma concentration of lidocaine. The effects of different haematocrits on plasma protein binding was also determined over the haematocrit range 20-60%. The binding of lidocaine was found to be inversely related to the degree of dilution, i.e. the free fraction increased significantly with increasing dilution (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the binding was dependent on the total plasma concentration of lidocaine, since a significantly higher percentage of free drug was found at the higher total lidocaine level (4 μg/ml) compared with the lower level (1.5 μg/ml) (p < 0.05). No significant difference in the free fraction of lidocaine could be found over the studied haematocrit range. The results of the present study indicate that plasma protein levels commonly associated with CPB in neonates and infants are associated with a significant increase in the free, unbound and pharmacologically active fraction of lidocaine compared with normal conditions. The use of commonly recommended dosages of lidocaine might result in toxic-free concentration in this setting.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Svetina, A., Željka Matašin, and Alenka Tofant. "Haematology and some blood chemical parameters of young carp till the age of three years." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 50, no. 4 (October 1, 2002): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.50.2002.4.8.

Full text

Abstract:

Haematological and biochemical analyses of blood were performed in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) kept in small ponds. Caught and anaesthetised carp were clinically examined and blood samples were taken at regular intervals during the three years. In the first year of examinations, the haemoglobin and haematocrit values of carp fry significantly increased (P<0.01) from June to September. The intensive growth of carp in the summer period in the second year was accompanied by adequate erythropoiesis. During hibernation haematocrit and haemoglobin significantly decreased (P<0.05) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) increased (P<0.01) in both scaly and mirror carp. MCHC increased also with the age and increasing body weight of the fish. Mirror carp had lower haematocrit and haemoglobin values than scaly carp (P<0.01). Comparative haematological analyses between carp of normal and poor body condition showed that moderate anaemia appeared in those with poor body condition. The results indicate that there is marked seasonal and age-dependent variation in the values of haematocrit and haemoglobin. Pond water quality investigations indicated good environmental conditions. A 50% increase (P<0.05) of glucose concentration was found from June to September in the blood plasma of carp in the third year, accompanied by an even more increased (80%; P<0.01) concentration of total lipids. At the same time, considerable changes of cholesterol and total protein concentrations were not observed. The results suggest that the investigated haematological and biochemical variables could be successfully utilised in monitoring the metabolic balance and health status of fish in intensive culture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Parrott, R. F., S. N. Thornton, M. L. Forsling, and C. E. Delaney. "Endocrine and behavioural factors affecting water balance in sheep subjected to isolation stress." Journal of Endocrinology 112, no. 2 (February 1987): 305–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1120305.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT The effect of stress on drinking, water balance and endocrine profile was studied using ten castrated rams. Individual sheep were exposed to 30-h periods of total isolation (psychological stress) or physical separation from their social group (control). Plasma was analysed for haematocrit, osmolality, electrolyte levels and concentrations of cortisol and arginine vasopressin. Isolation stress significantly reduced water intake, increased haematocrit and plasma concentration of cortisol, but did not alter osmolality or vasopressin concentration. The physiological effects of this self-imposed water restriction contrast with those obtained by depriving the sheep of water for 24 h under conditions that were not stressful, i.e. by keeping them grouped together. These results suggest that cortisol may act to defend plasma volume in sheep exposed to acute stress. The results also indicate that vasopressin probably should not be considered to be a 'stress hormone' in the sheep. J. Endocr. (1987) 112, 305–310

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Barve, S., A. A. Dhondt, V. B. Mathur, and Z. A. Cheviron. "Life-history characteristics influence physiological strategies to cope with hypoxia in Himalayan birds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1843 (November 30, 2016): 20162201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.2201.

Full text

Abstract:

Hypobaric hypoxia at high elevation represents an important physiological stressor for montane organisms, but optimal physiological strategies to cope with hypoxia may vary among species with different life histories. Montane birds exhibit a range of migration patterns; elevational migrants breed at high elevations but winter at low elevations or migrate further south, while high-elevation residents inhabit the same elevation throughout the year. Optimal physiological strategies to cope with hypoxia might therefore differ between species that exhibit these two migratory patterns, because they differ in the amount time spent at high elevation. We examined physiological parameters associated with blood-oxygen transport (haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit, i.e. the proportion of red blood cells in blood) in nine species of elevational migrants and six species of high-elevation residents that were sampled along a 2200 m (1000–3200 m) elevational gradient. Haemoglobin concentration increased with elevation within species regardless of migratory strategy, but it was only significantly correlated with haematocrit in elevational migrants. Surprisingly, haemoglobin concentration was not correlated with haematocrit in high-elevation residents, and these species exhibited higher mean cellular haemoglobin concentration than elevational migrants. Thus, alternative physiological strategies to regulate haemoglobin concentration and blood O 2 carrying capacity appear to differ among birds with different annual elevational movement patterns.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Turner, A. R., G. D. O. Lowe, C. D. Forbes, and J. G. Pollock. "Effects of Venesection on Leg Blood Flow in Claudicants with High-Normal Haematocrit." Scottish Medical Journal 33, no. 4 (August 1988): 298–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003693308803300406.

Full text

Abstract:

Patients with intermittent claudication frequently have high-normal levels of haematocrit and hence blood viscosity, which may contribute to decreased calf blood flow on exercise, and hence to the symptom of claudication. Reduction in haematocrit and viscosity by serial venesection in eight patients with stable claudication and high-normal haematocrit (mean 0.50) was performed, and the effects on claudication, calf blood flow, and calf oxygen delivery were studied. Following reduction in haematocrit to low-normal levels (mean 0.44), resting calf blood flow was unchanged; peak flow after ischaemic exercise increased slightly (+17%), but peak oxygen delivery (peak flow × haemoglobin concentration) was unchanged. Hence any increase in calf blood flow in the symptomatic leg is balanced by a decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity after venesection. No increase in claudication time would therefore be expected, and none was observed in the present study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Żmigrodzka, M., A. Winnicka, and M. Guzera. "Comparison of the influence of EDTA-K3 and sodium citrate on haematology analysis in healthy dogs." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10181-012-0059-6.

Full text

Abstract:

Comparison of the influence of EDTA-K3 and sodium citrate on haematology analysis in healthy dogs The study was carried out on 30 clinically healthy dogs of various breeds. Haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, platelet count and platelet haematocrit were significantly lower in citrate blood than in tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA-K3) blood. The study confirmed the limited usage of sodium citrate in haematology analysis, unless canine EDTA-dependent thrombocytopenia is suspected.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Paiano, Renan B., Fábio C. Lahr, Lucas S. B. Silva, Diego S. Marques, Catia A. Ferreira, Daniela B. Birgel, Rafael S. Bisinotto, and Eduardo H. Birgel Junior. "Haematological and biochemical profiles during the puerperium in dairy cows – Short communication." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 67, no. 3 (September 2019): 377–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/004.2019.038.

Full text

Abstract:

The main aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence of anaemia in Holstein dairy cows during the puerperium, and the haematological and biochemical profile of dairy cows with and without anaemia. The study was conducted in seven dairy herds in São Paulo State, Brazil. The evaluated sample comprised a total of 336 Holstein cows. Blood samples were collected at postpartum day 25 ± 3. Haematological analysis included white blood cell, red blood cell and platelet count, haematocrit value, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. The biochemical profile encompassed cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, calcium and total bilirubin concentrations. The prevalence of anaemia was 16.3% in all herds, and this was not affected by clinical diseases, milk production, parity and body score condition. Moreover, anaemic cows had lower red blood cell count, haematocrit, haemoglobin, serum cholesterol and calcium concentrations and higher white blood cell and platelet counts, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, red cell distribution width, non-esterified fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, fibrinogen and globulin concentrations when compared with non-anaemic cows. The results indicate changes in energy balance and an inflammatory process in anaemic cows.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Abera, Bayeh, Genetu Alem, Mulat Yimer, and Zaida Herrador. "Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminths, Schistosoma mansoni, and haematocrit values among schoolchildren in Ethiopia." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 7, no. 03 (March 14, 2013): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.2539.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminths, risk factors and haematocrit values among primary schoolchildren. Methodology: Across-sectional study was conducted in 12 primary schools in March 2011. Stool samples were randomly selected from 778 children and were microscopically examined using Kato-Katz and formal-ether concentration methods. Haematocrit values were measured using heparinized capillary tubes. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal helminths was 51.5% (rural = 68.3%, urban = 36.2%). Hookworm spp., Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma stercoralis were more prevalent in rural schools, whereas Hymenolepis nana was higher in urban schools (p = 0.0001). With regard to haematocrit, 34% of rural and 21.7% of urban schoolchildren had haematocrit values below the median (40.5%) (p=0.001). Hookworm spp. and S. mansoni infected children had lower haematocrit values than non-infected children (p = 0.001). Lack of footwear was positively associated with intestinal helminths infection in rural schools [OR = 2.5 (95% CI: 1.5-4.1)], and having dirty fingernails and untrimmed fingernails were positively associated with the prevalence of intestinal helminths in urban samples [OR = 1.58 (95% CI: 1.03-2.5)]. Conclusion: The prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths and S. mansoni differs by geographical area of the schools and social determinants. Primary school de-worming and health education on proper hygiene are recommended.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Adetunji, V. E., and O. K. Adeyemo. "Haematologic and Biochemical Parameters of Haemogregarine-infected ‎and Non-infected African Hinge-Back Tortoises in Ibadan, Nigeria." Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 4 (December 30, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i4.149.

Full text

Abstract:

This study was conducted to evaluate haematological and biochemical parameters of haemogregarine-infected (h-infected) and non-infected African hinge-back tortoises in Ibadan, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 120 tortoises, of which 70 were Kinixys belliana and 50 were K. homeana. Stained thin smears were examined for haemogregarines using light microscope. Haematological and biochemical analyses were carried out following standard procedures. A total of 91(75.83 %) tortoises were positive for haemogregarines. Significantly (P<0.05) lower values of haematocrit (23.92 %), haemoglobin (5.21g/dl) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (21.78 %) were recorded for h-infected tortoises with haematocrit (33.29 %), haemoglobin (8.31g/dl) and MCHC (24.96 %). Higher values of white blood cells (WBC) (7.26 x 109/L) and lymphocytes (2.71x109/L), were observed in h-infected than non-infected with WBC (5.58 x 109/L) and lymphocytes (2.15x109/L). Higher values of haematocrit and haemaglobin were recorded for K. Homeana. Males had higher haematocrit (27.27 %) and WBC (7.09 x 109/L) than females with haematocrit (24.35 %) and WBC (6.93 x 109/L). Females had higher MCHC, haemoglobin and calcium values than males.The lower values of haematocrit, haemoglobin and MCHC obtained for h-infected tortoises were expected since haemogregarines are usually found intra-erythrocytic in their host thereby destroying affected erythrocytes and causing a decrease in haematocrit value. Higher WBC counts in h-infected tortoises is typical in diseased conditions. The higher level of calcium in female tortoises is due to their reproductive cycle especially vitellogenesis and egg formation. Hypo-proteinaemia recorded in h- infected tortoises was attributed to parasitism. It is concluded that majority of haematological and biochemical analytes showed considerable variations with level of infection status, species and gender.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

ANDREASEN, PETER. "Free and Total Calcium Concentrations in the Blood of Rainbow Trout, Salmo Gairdneri, During ‘Stress’ Conditions." Journal of Experimental Biology 118, no. 1 (September 1, 1985): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.118.1.111.

Full text

Abstract:

Measurements were made of the free and total calcium concentrations ([Ca2+] and Cat), acid-base status, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and plasma protein concentration in the blood of the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri. In isolated blood, [Ca2+] was proportional to Cat while log[Ca2+] was inversely proportional to pH. Similar findings have been reported from human blood. During intense activity, [Ca2+] increased by 16% without any significant change in Cat. Neither sustained exercise, hypercapnic acidosis nor hypoxia affected [Ca2+] or Cat. These data indicate that during common natural stress conditions [Ca2+] is maintained within a narrow range.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Lee, Sue J., Kasia Stepniewska, Nicholas Anstey, Elizabeth Ashley, Karen Barnes, Tran Binh, Umberto D'Alessandro, et al. "The relationship between the haemoglobin concentration and the haematocrit in Plasmodium falciparum malaria." Malaria Journal 7, no. 1 (2008): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-7-149.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Ahmad Fuzi, Salma F., and Sohail Mushtaq. "Vitamin D3 supplementation for 8 weeks leads to improved haematological status following the consumption of an iron-fortified breakfast cereal: a double-blind randomised controlled trial in iron-deficient women." British Journal of Nutrition 121, no. 10 (March 1, 2019): 1146–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114519000412.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractThe effect of 38 µg (1500 IU) daily vitamin D3 supplementation, consumed with an Fe-fortified breakfast cereal for 8 weeks, on haematological indicators in Fe-deficient female subjects was investigated. Fifty Fe-deficient subjects (plasma ferritin concentration <20 µg/l; mean age: 27·4 (sd 9·4) years) were randomised to consume an Fe-fortified breakfast cereal containing 9 mg of Fe daily, with either a vitamin D3 supplement or placebo. Blood samples were collected at baseline, interim (4 weeks) and post-intervention (8 weeks) for measurement of Fe and vitamin D status biomarkers. The effect of intervention was analysed using mixed-model repeated-measures ANOVA. Significant increases were observed in two main haematological indices: Hb concentration and haematocrit level from baseline to post-intervention in the vitamin D group but not in the placebo group. The increase from baseline to post-intervention in Hb concentration in the vitamin D group (135 (sd 11) to 138 (sd 10) g/l) was significantly higher compared with the placebo group (131 (sd 15) to 128 (sd 13) g/l) (P=0·037). The increase in haematocrit level from baseline to post-intervention was also significantly higher in the vitamin D group (42·0 (sd 3·0) to 43·8 (sd 3·4) %) compared with the placebo group (41·2 (sd 4·3) to 40·7 (sd 3·6) %) (P=0·032). Despite the non-significant changes in plasma ferritin concentration, this study demonstrates that 38 µg supplemental vitamin D, consumed daily, with Fe-fortified breakfast cereal led to improvement in Hb concentration and haematocrit levels in women with low Fe stores. These findings may have therapeutic implications in the recovery of Fe status in Fe-deficient populations at a healthcare level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Fazio, F., V. Ferrantelli, C. Saoca, G. Giangrosso, and G. Piccione. "Stability of haematological parameters in stored blood samples of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)." Veterinární Medicína 62, No. 7 (July 25, 2017): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/51/2017-vetmed.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of storage time at +4 °C on haematological indicators in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum, 1792). For this purpose, 60 Italian trout were evaluated and red blood cells, white blood cells, thrombocyte count, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration were determined. After blood collection (T0), all samples were immediately analysed using an automatic method to assess the haematological parameters and then divided into two different aliquots and stored at +4 °C. The first aliquot was refrigerated for 168 h (T1), the second one for 336 h (T2). Statistical analysis (one-way repeated-measures ANOVA) showed a significant effect of storage time (P < 0.05) on red blood cells, thrombocyte count, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. The obtained data expand our knowledge of haematological evaluation techniques and could contribute to the development of an appropriate method for haematological analysis that is suitable for the evaluation of the health status of wild and farmed fish.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Kroupová, H., J. Máchová, V. Piačková, M. Flajšhans, Z. Svobodová, and G. Poleszczuk. "Nitrite Intoxication of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) at Different Water Temperatures." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 4 (2006): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675040561.

Full text

Abstract:

Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) were exposed to nitrite (1.45 mmol l-1 NO2-) for 48 hours at 14 °C and 20 °C, in order to investigate the mechanism of nitrite poisoning at these water temperatures. The effect of nitrite exposure on fish was assessed on selected haematological and biochemical indicators of the blood. Moreover, nitrite accumulation in the blood, liver and muscle was measured. Nitrite exposure produced high levels of methaemoglobin (88.2 ± 3.3% and 92.9 ± 6.1%) at both water temperatures compared with controls (0.3 ± 0.6% and 2.6 ± 3.0%). High fish mortality occurred in experimental groups (30% and 51%) compared with controls (0%). Nitrite exposure also resulted in an accumulation of nitrite in the fish body. The highest nitrite levels developed in the blood plasma, followed by the liver and muscle, respectively. Carp concentrated nitrite in the blood plasma and tissues to markedly higher levels at higher temperature (20 °C). The plasma nitrite concentrations (10.5 ± 1.9 mmol l-1) were in this case more than 7 times higher than the environmental one. At lower temperature (14 °C), plasma nitrite concentration reached 5.0 ± 1.5 mmol l-1. In either event, plasma K+ levels increased and Cl- levels and osmolality remained unchanged. Plasma Na+ levels slightly decreased at the higher temperature. Nitriteexposed fish showed lower haematocrit values (PCV) at both experimental temperatures compared with controls. At 20 °C, the blood haematocrit decrease (0.20 ± 0.02 l l-1) was accompanied by a low erythrocyte count (1.05 ± 0.12 1012 l-1) and by a low haemoglobin level (51 ± 11 g l-1). At the lower temperature (14 °C), the haematocrit decrease (0.25 ± 0.02 l l-1) was caused by a low mean corpuscular volume (167 ± 27 fl). No significant changes were observed in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), or selected erythrocyte dimensions (major axis, minor axis and aspect ratio).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Modi, Shraddha, Boopathi Subbarayan, Saravanakumar Subbaraj, Tirouaroul Tirougnanassmbandamourty, and S. Robinson Smile. "Acute pancreatitis and relative polycythaemia: a case series." International Surgery Journal 7, no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 3073. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20203795.

Full text

Abstract:

Relative polycythaemia is an apparent rise in erythrocyte level in the blood. However, the underlying cause is reduced blood plasma. Relative polycythaemia is often caused by loss of body fluids seen in conditions such as burns, dehydration and stress manifesting itself as a raised Haemoglobin or haematocrit. This case series presents a clinical summary of three patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and relative polycythaemia due to reduction in plasma volume as a result of intravascular volume depletion as demonstrated by increase in haemoglobin and haematocrit. Haem concentration may be considered as a marker for acute severe pancreatitis and correcting the volume depletion by adequate fluid improves the outcome of AP as seen in all our three patients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Bolton, Amanda J., John Baldwin, and Alan Lill. "Haematological changes during development of the noisy miner: implications for oxygen transport." Australian Journal of Zoology 47, no. 5 (1999): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo99031.

Full text

Abstract:

Changes in erythrocyte numbers and size, haematocrit and blood haemoglobin concentration in noisy miner (Manorina melanocephala) nestlings were documented from measurements taken on wild individuals during development. Haematocrit, whole-blood haemoglobin concentration and erythrocyte count increased during development by factors of 2.0, 2.4 and 3.5, respectively. The increases were continuous and occurred at fairly constant rates throughout development, but typical adult values were not attained at fledging. Mean erythrocyte volume and mean erythrocyte haemoglobin content decreased continuously during nestling development. The estimated 2.4-fold increase in oxygen carrying capacity of the blood during development stemmed primarily from the increase in erythrocyte numbers. The reduction in erythrocyte volume would be expected to enhance oxygen delivery by increasing oxygen-diffusion rates. This pattern of constant change in blood parameters resembled that reported for species with standard, rather than unusually slow, rates of nestling development. We suggest that it reflects the fact that noisy miner nestlings grow relatively rapidly, perhaps because it reduces the exposure of nestlings to predation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Vohra, Hunaid A., Krishna Adluri, Robert Willets, Angela Horsburgh, David J. Barron, and William J. Brawn. "Changes in potassium concentration and haematocrit associated with cardiopulmonary bypass in paediatric cardiac surgery." Perfusion 22, no. 2 (March 2007): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267659107077951.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lill, Alan, Lara Yachou-Wos, and Christopher P. Johnstone. "Are haematocrit and haemoglobin concentration reliable indicators of body condition in adult Welcome Swallows?" Emu - Austral Ornithology 113, no. 2 (June 2013): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mu12106.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Musallam, K. M., J. B. Porter, P. M. Sfeir, H. M. Tamim, T. Richards, L. A. Lotta, F. Peyvandi, and F. R. Jamali. "Raised haematocrit concentration and the risk of death and vascular complications after major surgery." British Journal of Surgery 100, no. 8 (June 10, 2013): 1030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bjs.9176.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Moor, A., P. Desmet, C. Hende, and Y. Moens. "Influence of Promazine on the Venous Haematocrit and Plasma Protein Concentration in the Horse." Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe A 25, no. 3 (May 13, 2010): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.1978.tb00919.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Hegarty, V., H. May, and K. T. Khaw. "Differential Effects of Haemoglobin Concentration, Red Blood Cell Count and Haematocrit on Blood Pressure." Age and Ageing 24, suppl 2 (January 1, 1995): P3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/24.suppl_2.p3-b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Yonar, Muhammed Enis. "Ameliorative Effect of Lycopene on Haematological Indices of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus, 1758 Exposed to Cypermethrin." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 10 (October 2, 2017): 1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i10.1161-1164.1289.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of lycopene in alleviating the toxicity of cypermethrin (CYP) on haematological parameters in carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish (totally 140 fish) were exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.202 and 0.404 μg/L) of CYP, and lycopene (10 mg per kg of fish weight) was simultaneously administered. At the end of 28 days administration, blood samples were collected and haematological changes (red and white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit level, and erythrocyte indices: mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration) were determined. According to the data obtained, CYP was determined to lead to negative alterations in the haematological parameters investigated. The administration of lycopene alleviated this effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Dušová, Hana, Jan Trávníček, Zdeněk Peksa, Kristýna Šimák-Líbalová, Anna Šimková, Daniel Falta, and Kateřina Švejdová. "The Influence of High Iodine Intake on Chosen Blood Parameters of Sheep." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 1 (2014): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462010071.

Full text

Abstract:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of high iodine intake in ewes on haematological and biochemical parameters of the blood of ewes and their lambs. Twelve pregnant ewes of the Sumava sheep breed and their newborn lambs were included in the experiment. Control group (A) consisted of 6 ewes with 7 lambs and experimental group (B) comprised 6 ewes with 6 lambs. The feed ration was enriched with calcium iodate by addition of 3 and 5 mg/kg in group A and group B, respectively. The studied parameters in ewes and lambs were haematocrit value, red blood cell count and haemoglobin concentration in blood, concentration of urea and total proteins, and alkaline phosphatase activity in blood plasma. No differences were found out in haematocrit value, red blood cell count, concentration of haemoglobin and total proteins between groups of ewes A and B with their lambs. Urea concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity were higher in ewes of group B and their lambs during the entire experimental period. An increase in the values of urea and alkaline phosphatase in the group of ewes and lambs with higher iodine intake indicates a potential risk of high iodine intake associated with changes in the thyroid activity in ewes and their lambs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Pawlak, Krzysztof, Bartosz Bojarski, Zenon Nieckarz, Marcin Lis, and Tomasz Wojnar. "Effect of an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emitted during embryogenesis on the blood picture of one-day-old domestic hen chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus)." Acta Veterinaria Brno 87, no. 1 (2018): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb201887010065.

Full text

Abstract:

Exposure to artificial electromagnetic fields emitted mainly by mobile telephony has been steadily increasing with the development of modern technology. Haematological indices are among the most common indicators of the body’s physiological status. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field emission on the blood picture of one-day-old domestic hen chicks. During the experiment, chick embryos were exposed to artificial electromagnetic fields throughout incubation for 13 ´ 2 min/day, 4 ´ 10 min/day and 1 ´ 40 min/day. After hatching, blood was collected from 10 one-day-old chicks from each group to determine: red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, and leukocyte differential count. In addition, the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was calculated. The present study is probably the first to show an increase in the red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, white blood cell count, segmented heterophils and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, and a decrease in lymphocyte percentage of embryos exposed to an 1800 MHz electromagnetic field. The observed changes may be indicative of the stress-inducing effect of EMF on living organisms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Toscan, Gustavo, Gustavo Cauduro Cadore, João Francisco Tadinello Limana, Augusto Weber, Heloisa Heinloft Palma, Marta Medeiros Frescura Duarte, Luis Antônio Sangioni, and Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel. "Immune response of sheep naturally infected with Haemonchus spp. on pastures with two different nutritional conditions." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 2 (May 2, 2017): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n2p809.

Full text

Abstract:

Parasitic nematodes in the gastrointestinal tract of small ruminants are considered one of the main causes of economical and productive losses. Haemonchus contortus is characterized as the major parasite affecting sheep worldwide. This study was designed to evaluate immunological responses in sheep naturally infected with Haemonchus spp. in two different feed grounds: native and cultivated pasture. Fecal and blood samples were collected weekly from fifteen Corriedale sheep, ages 8 to 12 months, to determine the counting of eggs per gram of feces (EPG), and the concentration of haematocrit, eosinophils, and cytokines during an 84-day experiment. Bromatological analysis of the two pasture treatments (types) showed levels of crude protein and non-fibrous carbohydrates of 9.7% and 12.3% in the native pasture and 14.3% and 23.7% for the cultivated pasture, respectively. No significant difference in haematocrit concentration was found during the experiment between different pastures (p < 0.05). However, significant differences were found in EPG, eosinophils, interleukins, and immunoglobulins levels after 21 days in the cultivated (nutritionally-enhanced) pasture. These data suggest that immune response was characterized in sheep by significantly higher peripheral eosinophilia and an increase in serum concentrations of IgE, IgA, IgG, TNF-?, IFN-?, and IL-6. Likewise, the improvement in forage condition resulted in a reduction of EPG and an increase of elements that improve a sheep’s immune system response against Haemonchus spp. infection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Benu, I., M. J. Callaghan, N. Tomkins, G. Hepworth, L. A. Fitzpatrick, and A. J. Parker. "The effect of feeding frequency and dose rate of nitrate supplements on blood haemoglobin fractions in Bos indicus cattle fed Flinders grass (Iseilemia spp.) hay." Animal Production Science 56, no. 10 (2016): 1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14886.

Full text

Abstract:

Twelve Bos indicus steers (liveweight ± s.d., 317.8 ± 28.5) kg were used in an experiment to examine two factors: daily nitrate dose (0, 30, 40 or 50 g of nitrate/day) and feeding frequency (once or twice a day) on methaemoglobin concentration, daily peak methaemoglobin concentration, rate of incline for methaemoglobin concentration, carboxyhaemoglobin concentration, oxyhaemoglobin concentration, total haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and dry matter intake of Flinders grass hay. Increasing the dose rate of nitrate increased the fraction of methaemoglobin in the blood of steers (P = 0.014). A highly significant effect was demonstrated for the interaction of dose rate × day (P < 0.001). For once a day intake of nitrate, the dose rates of 40 and 50 g per day showed a greater increase in mean methaemoglobin values than for the 0 and 30 g of nitrate per day. Increasing the dose rate of nitrate also increased the daily peak methaemoglobin fraction and the rate of incline to peak methaemoglobin values for both once and twice a day feeding of the nitrate supplements. However, increasing the dose of nitrate had no significant overall effect on total haemoglobin, deoxyhaemoglobin, carboxyhaemoglobin, haematocrit or dry matter intake. Twice a day feeding of nitrate decreased the formation of methaemoglobin in the blood of Bos indicus steers. This study demonstrates that caution should be exercised when feeding nitrates as a non-protein nitrogen source to cattle grazing low quality pastures in northern Australia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

STEPTOE, Andrew, Gonneke WILLEMSEN, Natalie OWEN, Louise FLOWER, and Vidya MOHAMED-ALI. "Acute mental stress elicits delayed increases in circulating inflammatory cytokine levels." Clinical Science 101, no. 2 (July 25, 2001): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1010185.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of acute mental stress on cardiovascular responses andconcentrations of inflammatory cytokines up to 2 h later was assessed in 12 subjects exposed to stress and in eight control subjects. Beat-by-beat recordings of finger blood pressure and heart rate were made at rest and during two behavioural tasks (colour–word interference and mirror tracing). Blood was drawn after adaptation and at 45 min and 2 h after the tasks, and assayed for interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), C-reactive protein (CRP) and haematocrit. Saliva was sampled periodically and assayed for free cortisol. The tasks were rated as stressful by the participants. The stress group showed significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (mean rises of 16.4±12.3 and 12.6±6.9 mmHg respectively) and heart rate (5.39±5.3 beats/min); these values returned to baseline during the recovery period. The IL-6 concentration was increased by 56% at 2 h after the tasks (P< 0.05), while IL-1Ra was increased by 12.3% (P< 0.01). No changes in cardiovascular variables or cytokine concentrations were observed in the control subjects, and haematocrit did not change. The magnitude of blood pressure responses during tasks was correlated positively with the IL-6 concentration after 45 min (r = 0.70, P< 0.05), and with the IL-1Ra concentration after 2 h (r = 0.63, P< 0.05). Increases in TNF-α after 2 h were correlated with heart rate responses to tasks (r = 0.66, P< 0.05). Associations between IL-6 and IL-1Ra concentrations were also recorded. This study indicates that inflammatory cytokines respond to acute mental stress in humans with delayed increases, and suggest that individual differences in cytokine responses are associated with sympathetic reactivity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Bombik, Teresa, Elżbieta Bombik, Aneta Frankowska, Beata Trawińska, and Leon Saba. "Effect of Herbal Extracts on Some Haematological Parameters of Calves During Rearing." Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2012): 655–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10213-012-0115-0.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Clinically healthy Polish Holstein-Friesian calves were divided into two groups: a control group (12 individuals) and an experimental group (12 individuals). The experimental group calves received a mixture of 20% water herbal extracts prepared from Urtica dioica, Hb., Hypericum perforatum, Hb., Melissa officinalis, Fol., Chamomillae recutita Anth., Calendula officinalis, Flos, and Plantago lanceolata, Fol. The mixture was given from the 2nd to 14th week of their life. Control calves received no addition of herbal extracts to their diet. Red blood cell count, white blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit value, and mean corpuscular volume were determined in the 4th, 9th, and 14th week of the experiment. The beneficial effect of the herbal mixture on the level of the examined haematological parameters was demonstrated in all tested weeks. In the calves from experimental group, a significantly higher red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, and corpuscular volume, and lower white blood cell count were found. There were no statistically significant differences in the haematocrit values between both groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Andersen, Niels A., Ute Mesch, David J. Lovell, and Stewart C. Nicol. "The effects of sex, season, and hibernation on haematology and blood viscosity of free-ranging echidnas (Tachyglossus aculeatus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 78, no. 2 (March 5, 2000): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z99-199.

Full text

Abstract:

We investigated seasonal changes in haematology and blood viscosity in free-ranging echidnas, Tachyglossus aculeatus (37 females, 28 males, and 17 juveniles), some of which had been fitted with radio transmitters, allowing them to be located and bled during hibernation. Only one haematological parameter, mean cell haemoglobin concentration, appeared to show any clear relationship with hibernation. Seasonal variation was most marked in females, with red-cell count, haematocrit, and haemoglobin levels highest in summer and lowest in spring (P < 0.001). Males had higher values than females or juveniles (P < 0.05). Plasma osmolality was highest in summer (307 ± 4 mosmol/kg, n = 11) and lowest in autumn (290 ± 6 mosmol/kg, n = 6). Contrary to expectation, blood from hibernating echidnas, when measured at 32°C and at a haematocrit of 45%, showed significantly higher viscosity than blood from nonhibernating echidnas. These increases in mean cell haemoglobin concentration and blood viscosity during hibernation appear to be due to a build-up of senescent red cells and a reduced rate of erythropoiesis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Ronai, A. K., J. J. Glass, and A. S. Shapiro. "Improving Autologous Blood Harvest: Recovery of Red Cells from Sponges and Suction." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 15, no. 4 (November 1987): 421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x8701500411.

Full text

Abstract:

The efficacy of red cell salvage was assessed under circumstances which simulated blood loss managed with sponges or suction. Expired banked blood was equally divided and processed by either suction, or absorbing the blood on a sponge followed by rinsing the sponge in saline. These two techniques were used to harvest washed, centrifuged erythrocytes. The volume, haematocrit and free haemoglobin concentration of the banked blood and the processed units were measured, and smears from all units were examined microscopically. The red cell mass was calculated as the product of the volume and haematocrit. The red cell mass recovered by suction and from sponges averaged 93% and 87% respectively. Blood lost in sponges can be recovered and used to increase the available autologous blood, thereby reducing the need for donor blood.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Doki, Kosuke, Masato Homma, Tetsuo Hori, Takashi Tomita, Yuichi Hasegawa, Satoshi Ito, Kiyoshi Fukunaga, et al. "Difference in blood tacrolimus concentration between ACMIA and MEIA in samples with low haematocrit values." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 62, no. 9 (August 2, 2010): 1185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-7158.2010.01148.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Sasagawa, I., T. Nakada, T. Hashimoto, Y. Kubota, H. Suzuki, and T. Sawamura. "Change in haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and vasoactive hormones in haemodialysis patients with erythropoietin-associated hypertension." International Urology and Nephrology 26, no. 2 (March 1994): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02768293.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Parekh, Hetalben M., and Shantilal K. Tank. "Studies of haematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus exposed to Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2, 2H2O)." International Journal of Environment 4, no. 2 (June 3, 2015): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12631.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of Cadmium Chloride on the specimen Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were examined for evaluation as acute toxicity for 96 hours. From the recorded information using Probit Analysis-Finney Method [Log-normal Distribution] the results revealed the mean 96 hour LC50 value to be 3.5095 mg/L indicating very high potential toxicity. Also derived value for mean NOEC=0.9062 mg/L defined safe limits of cadmium. In order to assess the effect of prolonged exposure of low concentration of cadmium haematological assessment was made after 24 hour, 7 days and 15 days of exposure. The study of haematological parameters demonstrated significant reduction in Red Blood Cell count, Haemoglobin, Haematocrit and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH); while elevation was reported in Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV). Leading to conclusion that mature RBCs are destructed and the erythrocyte production is inhibited due to reduction of haemesynthesis. Stimulation of erythropoiesis is considered as one of the reasons for decrement in values of Haemoglobin, Haematocrit and RBC count. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12631 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 116-127

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Akanni, Emmauel Olufemi, Adebayo Lawrence Adedeji, Oyindamola Nike Oyinlola, Raufu Taiwo Azeez, and David Bolaji Akinbo. "Gestational perturbation of homocysteine metabolism reduces Spina bifida prevalence in Osun State, Nigeria." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 11, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v11i4.27715.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Elevated maternal homocysteine concentration has been described as a consequence of disruptions in methionine and/or folate metabolism which is associated with adverse outcomes and several obstetric complications inclusive of neural tube defects in offspring such as spina bifida, preeclampsia and spontaneous abortion. Aims and Objectives: The current study investigated the influence of maternal homocysteine metabolism in singleton pregnant women on the prevalence of Spina bifida in Osun State. Materials and Methods: Sixty (60) subjects attending Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital and State Specialist Hospital in Osogbo, Osun State were randomly recruited for the study which spanned from January 2018 through April 2018 involving 30 apparently healthy singleton pregnant women classified according to gestational age and 30 apparently healthy age- and socio-economic status-matched non-pregnant women as controls. Haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, total white cell count as well as the levels of homocysteine concentration were assessed. Results: Haematocrit and haemoglobin concentration in all three trimesters were significantly (p< 0.05) decreased when compared with their non-pregnant counterparts. There was however a significant (p< 0.05) increase in the expression of circulating homocysteine in all three trimesters compared to the control group, and an observed steady decline in the second trimester through the third trimester. Conclusion: These findings therefore imply that gestational perturbation of homocysteine metabolism may contribute to reduced risk of spina bifida in Osun State, Nigeria.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Biasetti, Jacopo, Pier Giorgio Spazzini, Ulf Hedin, and T. Christian Gasser. "Synergy between shear-induced migration and secondary flows on red blood cells transport in arteries: considerations on oxygen transport." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no. 97 (August 6, 2014): 20140403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2014.0403.

Full text

Abstract:

Shear-induced migration of red blood cells (RBCs) is a well-known phenomenon characterizing blood flow in the small vessels (micrometre to millimetre size) of the cardiovascular system. In large vessels, like the abdominal aorta and the carotid artery (millimetre to centimetre size), the extent of this migration and its interaction with secondary flows has not been fully elucidated. RBC migration exerts its influence primarily on platelet concentration, oxygen transport and oxygen availability at the luminal surface, which could influence vessel wall disease processes in and adjacent to the intima. Phillips' shear-induced particle migration model, coupled to the Quemada viscosity model, was employed to simulate the macroscopic behaviour of RBCs in four patient-specific geometries: a normal abdominal aorta, an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a normal carotid bifurcation and a stenotic carotid bifurcation. Simulations show a migration of RBCs from the near-wall region with a lowering of wall haematocrit (volume fraction of RBCs) on the posterior side of the normal aorta and on the lateral-external side of the iliac arteries. A marked migration is observed on the outer wall of the carotid sinus, along the common carotid artery and in the carotid stenosis. No significant migration is observed in the AAA. The spatial and temporal patterns of wall haematocrit are correlated with the near-wall shear layer and with the secondary flows induced by the vessel curvature. In particular, secondary flows accentuate the initial lowering in RBC near-wall concentration by convecting RBCs from the inner curvature side to the outer curvature side. The results reinforce data in literature showing a decrease in oxygen partial pressure on the inner curvature wall of the carotid sinus induced by the presence of secondary flows. The lowering of wall haematocrit is postulated to induce a decrease in oxygen availability at the luminal surface through a diminished concentration of oxyhaemoglobin, hence contributing, with the reported lowered oxygen partial pressure, to local hypoxia.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Fleet, Ivan R., Frances M. Fullerton, R. Brian Heap, T. Ben Mepham, Peter D. Gluckman, and Ian C. Hart. "Cardiovascular and metabolic responses during growth hormone treatment of lactating sheep." Journal of Dairy Research 55, no. 4 (November 1988): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029900033240.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryPituitary-derived bovine growth hormone (bGH) was administered to six lactating Friesland ewes for 7 d. There was no consistent galactopoietic response, with changes in milk yield varying from 0 to 33% during treatment compared with the pretreatment period. The major effect of bGH on the concentration of milk constituents was to increase fat by 14·2% (P < 0·05). Treatment resulted in significant increases in arterial plasma concentrations of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor I and glucose, with decreases in the plasma arterial concentrations of acetate and certain amino acids. There was a marked reduction in haematocrit and in haemoglobin concentration which took at least 3 d to recover. The arterio-venous difference across the mammary gland decreased for O2 during treatment and the veno-arterial difference for CO2 decreased after treatment. Mammary respiratory quotient therefore decreased significantly after bGH treatment. The results suggest that bGH exerts effects at a number of separate loci.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Zakaria, Rosita, Katrina J. Allen, Jennifer J. Koplin, Nick Crinis, Lidia De Rosa, Peter Roche, and Ronda F. Greaves. "Determination of haemoglobin derivatives in aged dried blood spot to estimate haematocrit." Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 57, no. 7 (June 26, 2019): 1026–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0753.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Introduction Dried blood spot (DBS) sample applications now encompass analytes related to clinical diagnosis, epidemiological studies, therapeutic drug monitoring, pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic studies. Haematocrit (Hct) and haemoglobin (Hb) at very high or low concentrations may influence the accuracy of measurement quantification of the DBS sample. In this study, we aimed to predict the Hct of the punched DBS through primary spectrophotometric estimation of its haemoglobin-derivative (Hb-drv) content. Methods Formic acid solution was used to elute Hb-drv content of 3.2 mm spotted blood from its dry matrix. Direct spectrometry measurement was utilised to scan the extracted Hb-drv in the visible spectrum range of 520–600 nm. The linear relationship between an individual’s Hct percentage and Hb-drv concentration was applied to estimate the Hct level of the blood spot. De-identified whole blood samples were used for the method development and evaluation studies. Results The Hb-drv estimation is valid in samples >2 months old. Method validation experiments DBS demonstrate linearity between 82.5 and 207.5 g/L, average coefficient of variation of 3.6% (intra-assay) and 7.7% (inter-assay), analytical recovery of 84%, and a high positive correlation (r=0.88) between Hb-drv and the original whole blood Hct. The Bland-Altman difference plot demonstrates a mean difference of 2.4% between the calculated DBS Hct and the directly measured Hct from fresh whole bloods. Conclusions We have successfully developed a simple Hb-drv method to estimate Hct in aged DBS samples. This method can be incorporated into DBS analytical work-flow for the in-situ estimation of Hct and subsequent correction of the analyte of interest as required.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Morris, P. C., and S. J. Davies. "Enhanced pyridoxine supplementation of diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)." Animal Science 61, no. 2 (October 1995): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800013990.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractUsing a high protein diet (483 g/kg), two trials were carried out to assess any potential benefit which may result from the supplementation of diets for fingerling and grower class gilthead seabream with pyridoxine at levels which were below, matched and far exceeded the minimum dietary requirement. At the level of supplementation below the minimal requirement (lowest level) the responses from the practical diet almost matched the responses from the diet containing an amount of pyridoxine corresponding to the published minimum requirement for the species and no significant improvement in performance was recorded in response to increasing supplement level. However, despite the absence of a marked effect on overall performance, a small potential for increased activity of alanine aminotransferase was recorded amongst grower class fish given diets containing the lowest supplement. The proximate composition of the grower class fish was unaffected by the level of pyridoxine supplementation though marginal increases in the lipid content of the fingerlings were observed. At the haematological level, haematocrit, total haemoglobin and the plasma concentrations of glucose and protein were also unaffected. However, on the application of an acute stressor (repeated netting), significant alterations in haematocrit and plasma glucose concentration reflecting dietary pyridoxine supplement were recorded.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

KORI-SAKPERE, Ovie, and Urowoli IKOMI. "Alterations in Some Haematological Parameters of The African Snakehead: Parachanna africans Exposed to Cadmium." Notulae Scientia Biologicae 3, no. 4 (November 17, 2011): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nsb346299.

Full text

Abstract:

The haematological alterations produced on exposure of the African snakehead, Parachanna africans to the sublethal concentration (0.0, 0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 mg/L) of cadmium (Cd2+) for 21 days have been studied. Red blood cell (RBC) count, haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, haematocrit (Hct), the mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) levels were decreased with an increase in exposure concentration, but the level of the mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was increased. These alterations could be attributed to haemolysis and impairment of haemoglobin synthesis, resulting in a hypochromic microcytic anaemia, induced by exposure to cadmium. Cadmium exposure also caused significant decreases in white blood cell (WBC) count. The primary consequence of the observed changes in total and differential leucocyte counts in stressed fish was attributed to suppression of the immune system and increased susceptibility to disease. Plasma glucose and total plasma protein concentrations were significantly decreased; showing that cadmium affects the fish energy metabolism. The present study thus confirmed that haematological parameters are very sensitive indicators of fish organism response to chemicals in this case cadmium.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

REID, Fiona, Dileep N. LOBO, Robert N. WILLIAMS, Brian J. ROWLANDS, and Simon P. ALLISON. "(Ab)normal saline and physiological Hartmann's solution: a randomized double-blind crossover study." Clinical Science 104, no. 1 (December 10, 2002): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs1040017.

Full text

Abstract:

In this double-blind crossover study, the effects of bolus infusions of 0.9% saline (NaCl) and Hartmann's solution on serum albumin, haematocrit and serum and urinary biochemistry were compared in healthy subjects. Nine young adult male volunteers received 2-litre intravenous infusions of 0.9% saline and Hartmann's solution on separate occasions, in random order, each over 1h. Body weight, haematocrit and serum biochemistry were measured pre-infusion and at 1h intervals for 6h. Biochemical analysis was performed on pooled post-infusion urine. Blood and plasma volume expansion, estimated by dilutional effects on haematocrit and serum albumin, were greater and more sustained after saline than after Hartmann's solution (P<0.01). At 6h, body weight measurements suggested that 56% of the infused saline was retained, in contrast with only 30% of the Hartmann's solution. Subjects voided more urine (median: 1000 compared with 450ml) of higher sodium content (median: 122 compared with 73mmol) after Hartmann's than after saline (both P = 0.049), despite the greater sodium content of the latter. The time to first micturition was less after Hartmann's than after saline (median: 70 compared with 185min; P = 0.008). There were no significant differences between the effects of the two solutions on serum sodium, potassium, urea or osmolality. After saline, all subjects developed hyperchloraemia (>105mmol/l), which was sustained for >6h, while serum chloride concentrations remained normal after Hartmann's (P<0.001 for difference between infusions). Serum bicarbonate concentration was significantly lower after saline than after Hartmann's (P = 0.008). Thus excretion of both water and sodium is slower after a 2-litre intravenous bolus of 0.9% saline than after Hartmann's solution, due possibly to the more physiological [Na+]/[Cl-] ratio in Hartmann's solution (1.18:1) than in saline (1:1) and to the hyperchloraemia caused by saline.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Uchizawa, Takamitsu. "Minute changes of cerebral parenchymal non-contrast computed tomography attenuation reflect cerebral volume alterations of blood." Neuroradiology Journal 34, no. 4 (March 3, 2021): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1971400921998981.

Full text

Abstract:

Aims Non-infarcted acute cerebral ischaemic areas appear hypo-attenuated on non-contrast narrow-window computed tomography images. We aimed to determine the mechanism underlying minute computed tomography hypo-attenuation and visualise these attenuation changes on non-contrast computed tomography images. Methods The cerebral parenchyma was defined by pixels with attenuation of 20–50 Hounsfield units. We calculated the mean cerebral parenchymal attenuation in non-contrast computed tomography images. We analysed the correlation of complete blood counts with corresponding mean cerebral parenchymal attenuation values using linear regression analysis. Moreover, we developed an image processing method that involved pixel colorisation based on the noise-reduced attenuation value for minute cerebral parenchymal attenuation visualisation. Results Haemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell counts positively correlated with mean cerebral parenchymal attenuation values. The cerebral haematocrit is correlated with the blood haematocrit; therefore, cerebral parenchymal attenuation correlated linearly with cerebral haemoglobin concentration. Haemoglobin contents in a pixel partially determine the X-ray absorption dose and attenuation value. Pixel haemoglobin contents are determined by the cerebral volume of blood in a pixel. Image processed computed tomography images reflected cerebral volume of blood and showed the same alterations with regional cerebral blood volume maps of perfusion computed tomography. Conclusions Cerebral parenchymal attenuation correlated with cerebral haemoglobin concentration and cerebral volume of blood. Infarcted cerebral parenchyma shows about 5 Hounsfield units gray matter attenuation decrease. Attenuation decrease by less than 5 Hounsfield units means decreased cerebral volume of blood, indicating a reversible functional change. One cannot recognise minute hypo-attenuation (<5 Hounsfield units) in routine computed tomography images. However, it can be visualised through an image processing method on non-contrast computed tomography images. It may detect pre-infarction cerebral volume of blood and regional cerebral blood volume alterations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

STEINER, A. A., S. O. PETENUSCI, L. G. BRENTEGANI, and L. G. S. BRANCO. "The importance of glucose for the freezing tolerance/intolerance of the anuran amphibians Rana catesbeiana and Bufo paracnemis." Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60, no. 2 (May 2000): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-71082000000200017.

Full text

Abstract:

Several species of terrestrially hibernating frogs, turtles and insects have developed mechanisms, such as increased plasma glucose, anti-freeze proteins and antioxidant enzymes that resist to freezing, for survival at subzero temperatures. In the present study, we assessed the importance of glucose to cryoresistance of two anuran amphibians: the frog Rana catesbeiana and the toad Bufo paracnemis. Both animals were exposed to -2ºC for measurements of plasma glucose levels, liver and muscle glycogen content, haematocrit and red blood cell volume. Frogs survived cold exposure but toads did not. Blood glucose concentration increased from 40.35 ± 7.25 to 131.87 ± 20.72 mg/dl (P < 0.01) when the frogs were transferred from 20 to -2ºC. Glucose accumulation in response to cold exposition in the frogs was accompanied by a decrease (P < 0.05) in liver glycogen content from 3.94 ± 0.42 to 1.33 ± 0.36 mg/100 mg tissue, indicating that liver carbohydrate reserves were probably the primary carbon source of glucose synthesis whereas muscle carbohydrate seems unimportant. In the toads, the cold-induced hyperglycaemia was less (P < 0.05) pronounced (from 27.25 ± 1.14 to 73.72 ± 13.50 mg/dl) and no significant change could be measured in liver or muscle glycogen. Cold exposition had no effect on the haematocrit of the frogs but significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the haematocrit of toads from 20.0 ± 2.1% to 5.8 ± 1.7% due to a decreased red blood cell volume (from 1532 ± 63 to 728 ± 87 mm³). When toads were injected with glucose, blood glucose increased to levels similar to those of frogs and haematocrit did not change, but this failed to make them cryoresistent. In conclusion, the lack of cold-induced glucose catabolism may not be the only mechanism responsible for the freeze intolerance of Bufo paracnemis, a freeze-intolerant species.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Vetešník, L., K. Halačka, V. Lusková, and S. Lusk. "Erythrocyte Profile of Diploid and Triploid Silver Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus)." Acta Veterinaria Brno 75, no. 2 (2006): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200675020203.

Full text

Abstract:

Haematological analysis was performed on 27 adult specimens of Carassius auratus irrespective of sex in 2003 and on 32 juveniles of distinguished sex in 2004. In this study we found that the ploidy level affected significantly (p < 0.01) the values of the erythrocyte count, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin. Although we did not prove any significant effect of sex in juvenile diploids of C. auratus on the values of erythrocyte profile, the erythrocyte count, haematocrit value and haemoglobin content value were higher for males than for females. The erythrocyte count decreased significantly (p < 0.01) with increasing ploidy level. The index of haemoglobin content followed the same trend of a decreasing mean value with increasing ploidy level. Mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular haemoglobin increased with the increasing ploidy level (p < 0.01). Haematocrit value and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration did not significantly differ from the point of view of the ploidy level.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Haematocrit concentration'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles