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Journal articles on the topic 'Hadronic jet'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

Sikora, Marek. "Hadronic jet models today." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S275 (September 2010): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310015644.

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AbstractThe matter content of relativistic jets in AGNs is dominated by a mixture of protons, electrons, and positrons. During dissipative events these particles tap a significant portion of the internal and/or kinetic energy of the jet and convert it into electromagnetic radiation. While leptons – even those with only mildly relativistic energies – can radiate efficiently, protons need to be accelerated up to energies exceeding 1016–19 eV to dissipate radiatively a significant amount of energy via either trigerring pair cascades or direct synchrotron emission. Here I review various constraints imposed on the role of hadronic non-adiabatic cooling processes in shaping the high energy spectra of blazars. It will be argued that protons, despite being efficiently accelerated and presumably playing a crucial role in jet dynamics and dissipation of the jet kinetic energy to the internal energy of electrons and positrons, are more likely to remain radiatively passive in AGN jets.

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2

DiLella, L. "Jet Production in Hadronic Collisions." Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 35, no. 1 (December 1985): 107–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ns.35.120185.000543.

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3

Paver, Nello. "Hadronic structure from jet physics." Czechoslovak Journal of Physics 40, no. 1 (January 1990): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01598351.

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4

ORELLANA, MARIANA, and GUSTAVO E. ROMERO. "A MODEL FOR THE INNER JET HIGH-ENERGY EMISSION OF CENTAURUS A." International Journal of Modern Physics D 19, no. 06 (June 2010): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271810016749.

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We investigate the spectral energy distribution (SED) of Centaurus A resulting from a steady compact acceleration region, located close to the central black hole, where both leptonic and hadronic relativistic populations arise. We present here results of such a model, where we have considered synchrotron radiation by primary electrons and protons, inverse Compton scattering, and gamma-ray emission originated by the inelastic hadronic interactions between relativistic protons and cold nuclei within the jets. Photo-meson production by relativistic hadrons were also taken into account, as well as the effects of secondary particles injected by all interactions. The internal and external absorption of gamma-rays is shown to be of great relevance to shape the observable SED, which was also recently constrained by the results of Fermi and HESS.

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5

Kosmas, Odysseas, and Theodoros Smponias. "Simulations of Gamma-Ray Emission from Magnetized Microquasar Jets." Advances in High Energy Physics 2018 (October 31, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9602960.

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In this work, we simulate γ-rays created in the hadronic jets of the compact object in binary stellar systems known as microquasars. We utilize as the main computational tool the 3D relativistic magnetohydrodynamical code PLUTO combined with in-house derived codes. Our simulated experiments refer to the SS433 X-ray binary, a stellar system in which hadronic jets have been observed. We examine two new model configurations that employ hadron-based emission mechanisms. The simulations aim to explore the dependence of the γ-ray emissions on the dynamical as well as the radiative properties of the jet (hydrodynamic parameters of the mass-flow density, gas-pressure, temperature of the ejected matter, high energy proton population inside the jet plasma, etc.). The results of the two new scenarios of initial conditions for the microquasar stellar system studied are compared to those of previously considered scenarios.

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6

Royon, Christophe, and Federico Deganutti. "Probing BFKL dynamics at hadronic colliders in jet gap jet events." EPJ Web of Conferences 235 (2020): 05003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023505003.

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In this report, we give the Balitsky Fadin Kuraev Lipton formalism for jet gap jet events at hadronic colliders. We also discuss the case where in addition at least one proton is intact in the final state in diffractive events.

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7

PERUCHO, M., and V. BOSCH-RAMON. "STUDYING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN MICROQUASAR JETS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 17, no. 10 (September 2008): 1939–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271808013601.

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In high-mass microquasars (HMMQ), strong interactions between jets and stellar winds at binary system scales could occur. In order to explore this possibility, we have performed numerical two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of jets crossing the dense stellar material to study how the jet will be affected by these interactions. We find that the jet head generates strong shocks in the wind. These shocks reduce the jet advance speed, and compress and heat up the jet and wind material. In addition, strong recollimation shocks can occur where pressure balance between the jet side and the surrounding medium is reached. All this, together with jet bending, could lead to the destruction of jets with power < 1036 erg/s . The conditions around the outflow shocks would be convenient for accelerating particles up to ~ TeV energies. These accelerated particles could emit via synchrotron and inverse Compton (IC) scattering if they were leptons, and via hadronic processes if they were hadrons.

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8

Sadhu, Samrangy. "Study of in-Medium Energy Loss with Heavy-Flavour Correlations in pp and Pb-Pb Collisions with ALICE at the LHC." Proceedings 10, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019010043.

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The azimuthal correlations between heavy-flavour hadrons or heavy-flavour decay electrons with charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions give insight on the modification of charm-jet properties in nucleus-nucleus collisions and the mechanisms through which heavy quarks in-medium energy-loss takes place. Studies in pp collisions, besides constituting the necessary baseline for nucleus-nucleus measurements, are important for testing expectations from pQCD-inspired Monte Carlo generators. In ALICE heavy-flavour hadrons are studied via their fully reconstructed hadronic decays (D mesons and Λ c baryon), via semileptonic decays of charmed baryons ( Λ c , Ξ c ) and via leptons coming from heavy-flavour hadron decays. In particular in the central barrel, η < | 0 . 8 | , the electrons from heavy-flavour hadron decays are investigated. This proceeding will include the study of azimuthal correlations of D mesons with charged particles in pp collisions and heavy-flavour decay electrons with charged particles in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at different energies available at the LHC. The Experimental results will also be compared with the expectations from POWHEG and PYTHIA event generators.

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9

JUNG, HANNES. "kt-FACTORIZATION AND CCFM: THE SOLUTION FOR DESCRIBING THE HADRONIC FINAL STATES EVERYWHERE?" Modern Physics Letters A 19, no. 01 (January 10, 2004): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732304012873.

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The basic ideas of kt-factorization and CCFM parton evolution is discussed. The unintegrated gluon densities, obtained from CCFM fits to the proton structure function data at HERA are used to predict hadronic final state cross-sections like jet production at HERA, but also comparisons with recent measurements of heavy quark production at the Tevatron are presented. Finally, the kt-factorization approach is applied to Higgs production at high energy hadron–hadron colliders and the transverse momentum spectrum of Higgs production at the LHC is calculated.

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10

D'Alesio, Umberto, Francesco Murgia, and Cristian Pisano. "Azimuthal asymmetries for hadron distributions inside a jet in hadronic collisions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 295 (May 1, 2011): 012064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/295/1/012064.

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11

Schramm, Steven. "Searching for New Physics in Hadronic Final States with Run 2 Proton–Proton Collision Data at the LHC." Symmetry 14, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): 1173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14061173.

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The symmetries of the Standard Model give rise to the forces that act on particles, and the corresponding force mediators. While the Standard Model is an excellent description of particle interactions, it has known limitations; it is therefore important to search for new physics beyond the Standard Model, potentially indicating as-of-yet unknown symmetries of nature. The ATLAS and CMS collaborations have detailed physics programmes, involving a large number of searches for new physics in hadronic final states. As the start of Run 3 of the LHC is imminent, now is a good time to review the progress made and the status of hadronic searches during Run 2 at a centre-of-mass collision energy of s=13TeV. This review provides an overview of the motivations and challenges of hadronic final states at the LHC, followed by an introduction to jet reconstruction, calibration, and tagging. Three classes of searches for new physics in hadronic final states are discussed: di-jet searches, searches for missing transverse momentum in association with another object, and searches for hadronic di-boson resonances. The complementarity of these different analysis strategies is discussed, emphasising the importance of a varied hadronic physics programme in the search for new physics.

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12

Mangano, Michelangelo L. "Jet physics in hadronic collisions: theoretical remarks." EPJ Web of Conferences 49 (2013): 06001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20134906001.

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13

Donovan, K. T., and G. Thompson. "Algorithmic bias on observed hadronic jet properties." Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields 73, no. 4 (March 1, 1997): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002880050355.

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14

Cheng, Hai-Yang, Shenq-Rong Hwang, and Sheng-Nan Lai. "Gluon-spin effects in hadronic jet production." Physical Review D 42, no. 7 (October 1, 1990): 2243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.42.2243.

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15

Marchesini, G., and B. R. Webber. "Associated transverse energy in hadronic jet production." Physical Review D 38, no. 11 (December 1, 1988): 3419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.38.3419.

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16

Muller, David, and Gavin Nesom. "Correlations Between Identified Charged Hadrons in Hadronic Z0 Decays." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01a (October 2001): 235–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01006589.

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We have studied rapidity correlations between pairs of identified π±, K± and [Formula: see text]. Short-range charge correlations are observed between all combinations of these hadron species, indicating local conservation of quantum numbers and charge ordering in the jet fragmentation process. Long-range correlations are observed in u, d, s-flavor events for all pair types, providing new information on leading particle production. Different correlations observed in c- and b-events are consistent with expectation for B and D hadron decays. The SLC electron beam polarization was used to tag the quark hemisphere in each event, allowing the fist study of rapidities such that positive rapidity is along the quark rather than antiquark direction. Orderd differences in signed rapidity between pairs of particles provide many new probes of the fragmentation process, including the first direct observation of baryon number ordering along the quark-antiquark axis.

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17

Smponias, Theodoros, and Odysseas Kosmas. "Neutrino Emission from Magnetized Microquasar Jets." Advances in High Energy Physics 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4962741.

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The hadronic jets in a microquasar stellar system are modeled with the relativistic hydrocode PLUTO. We focus on neutrino emission from such jets produced by fast proton (nonthermal) collisions on thermal ones within the hadronic jet. We adopt a semianalytical approximation for the description of the secondary particles produced from p-p collisions and develop appropriate algorithms using the aforementioned injected protons as input. As a concrete example, we consider the SS-433 X-ray binary system for which several observations have been made the last decades. In contrast to the preset distribution of the fast protons along the jet employed in our previous works, in the present paper, we simulated it by using a power-law fast proton distribution along the PLUTO hydrocode. This distribution gradually sweeps aside the surrounding winds, during the jet advance through the computational grid. As a first step, in the present work, the neutrino energy spectrum is extracted from the model jet, facilitating a range of potential dynamical simulations in currently interesting microquasar jet systems.

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18

CARRUTHERS, P., and C. C. SHIH. "e+−e− HADRONIC MULTIPLICITY DISTRIBUTIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 02, no. 02 (February 1987): 89–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732387000136.

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We have have analyzed the 29 GeV multiplicity data for e+−e−→ hadrons using the partially coherent laser distribution (PCLD). The latter interpolates between the negative binomial and Poisson distributions as the ratio S/N of coherent/incoherent multiplicity varies from zero to infinity. The negative binomial gives an excellent fit for rather large values of the cell parameter k. Equally good fits (for full and partial rapidity range, and for the forward/backward 2 jet correlation) are obtained for the mostly coherent (almost Poissonian) PCLD with small values of k (equal to the number of jets). The reasons for the existence of this tradeoff are explained in detail. The existence of the resulting ambiguity is traced to the insensitivity of the probability distribution to phase information in the hadronic density matrix. We recommend the study of higher order correlations (intensity interferometry) among like-sign particles to resolve this question.

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19

Martínez, Mario. "Experimental review of jet physics in hadronic collisions." European Physical Journal C 61, no. 4 (January 9, 2009): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-008-0849-2.

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20

Qiu, Jian-Wei, Werner Vogelsang, and Feng Yuan. "Asymmetric di-jet production in polarized hadronic collisions." Physics Letters B 650, no. 5-6 (July 2007): 373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2007.05.023.

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21

Hoch, A. R., and V. G. Kartvelishvili. "Hadronic production of gluinonium in three-jet events." Physics Letters B 201, no. 4 (February 1988): 546–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)90616-8.

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22

Bilki, B., Y. Guler, Y. Onel, J. Repond, and L. Xia. "Calorimetry with Extremely Fine Spatial Segmentation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2374, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2374/1/012022.

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Particle Flow Algorithms (PFAs) attempt to measure each particle in a hadronic jet individually, using the detector subsystem that provides the best energy/momentum resolution. Calorimeters that can exploit the power of PFAs emphasize spatial granularity over single particle energy resolution. In this context, the CALICE Collaboration developed the Digital Hadron Calorimeter (DHCAL). The DHCAL uses Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) as active media and is read out with 1 × 1 cm2 pads and digital (1-bit) resolution. In order to obtain a unique dataset of electromagnetic and hadronic interactions with unprecedented spatial resolution, the DHCAL went through a broad test beam program. In addition to conventional calorimetry, the DHCAL offers detailed measurements of event shapes, rigorous tests of simulation models and various analytical tools to improve calorimetric performance. Here we report on the results from the analysis of DHCAL data and comparisons with the Monte Carlo simulations.

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23

Du, Dejing, and Yong Liu. "Development of a Novel Highly Granular Hadronic Calorimeter with Scintillating Glass Tiles." Instruments 6, no. 3 (September 2, 2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030032.

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Based on the particle-flow paradigm, a new hadronic calorimeter (HCAL) with scintillating glass tiles is proposed to address major challenges from precision measurements of jets at the future lepton colliders, such as the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). Tiles of high-density scintillating glass, with a high-energy sampling fraction, can significantly improve the hadronic energy resolution in the low-energy region (typically below 10 GeV for major jet components at Higgs factories). The hadronic energy resolution of single hadrons and the effects of key parameters of scintillating glass have been evaluated in the Geant4 full simulation, followed by the physics benchmark studies on the Higgs boson with jets in the final state. R&D efforts of scintillating glass materials are ongoing within a dedicated collaboration since 2021 with the aim to achieve a high light yield, a high density, and a low cost. Measurements have been performed for the first batches of scintillating glass samples including the light yield, emission and scintillation spectra, scintillation decay times, and cosmic responses. An optical simulation model of a single scintillating glass tile has been established to provide guidance in the development of scintillating glass. Highlights of the expected detector performance and the latest scintillating glass developments are presented in this contribution.

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24

Boughelilba, Margot, Anita Reimer, and Lukas Merten. "Lepto-hadronic Jet-disk Model for the Multiwavelength SED of M87." Astrophysical Journal 938, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac8e64.

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Abstract The low-luminosity active galactic nuclei M87, archetype of Fanaroff–Riley I radio galaxies, was observed in a historically quiet state in 2017. While one-zone leptonic jet models alone cannot explain the core radio-to-gamma-ray spectrum, we explore a hybrid jet-disk scenario. In this work, we model the overall spectral energy distribution of M87's core with a dominating one-zone lepto-hadronic jet component, coupled with the contribution from the accretion flow. We find close-to-equipartition parameter sets for which the jet component fits the radio-to-optical data as well as the gamma-ray band, while the accretion flow mainly contributes to the X-ray band. The effects of gamma-ray absorption by the extragalactic background light during the propagation toward Earth are probed and are found to be negligible for this model. The neutrino flux produced by such scenarios is also calculated, but remains below the current instruments’ sensitivity.

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25

Davidek, Tomas. "Performance and Calibration of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter." Instruments 6, no. 3 (August 20, 2022): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030025.

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The Tile Calorimeter (TileCal) is the central hadronic calorimeter of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. This sampling device is made of steel plates acting as absorber and scintillating tiles as active medium. The wavelength-shifting fibers collect the light from scintillators and carry it to the photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The analogue signals from the PMTs are amplified, shaped and digitized by sampling the signal every 25 ns and stored on detector until a trigger decision is received. The TileCal front-end electronics read out the signals produced by 9852 channels, whose dynamic range covers the interval from 30 MeV to 2 TeV. Each stage of the signal propagation from scintillation light to the signal reconstruction is monitored and calibrated. During LHC Run-2, high-momentum isolated muons and isolated hadrons have been used to study and validate the electromagnetic scale and the hadronic response, respectively. The time resolution was studied with multi-jet events. Results of performance studies that address calibration, stability, energy scale, uniformity and time resolution are presented.

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26

DE ANGELIS, ALESSANDRO. "STUDY OF INTERMITTENCY IN HADRONIC Z0 DECAYS." Modern Physics Letters A 05, no. 29 (November 20, 1990): 2395–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732390002754.

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The study of the factorial moments of the rapidity distribution and of the (y, ϕ) distribution for hadrons produced in the decay of the Z0, by means of the DELPHI detector at LEP, has shown no deviations from the predictions of Parton-Shower models. Intermittent behavior observed in the latter case has been found to be compatible with jet cascading mechanism.

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27

Kantzas, D., S. Markoff, T. Beuchert, M. Lucchini, A. Chhotray, C. Ceccobello, A. J. Tetarenko, et al. "A new lepto-hadronic model applied to the first simultaneous multiwavelength data set for Cygnus X–1." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 500, no. 2 (October 29, 2020): 2112–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3349.

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ABSTRACT Cygnus X–1 is the first Galactic source confirmed to host an accreting black hole. It has been detected across the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio to GeV gamma-rays. The source’s radio through mid-infrared radiation is thought to originate from the relativistic jets. The observed high degree of linear polarization in the MeV X-rays suggests that the relativistic jets dominate in this regime as well, whereas a hot accretion flow dominates the soft X-ray band. The origin of the GeV non-thermal emission is still debated, with both leptonic and hadronic scenarios deemed to be viable. In this work, we present results from a new semi-analytical, multizone jet model applied to the broad-band spectral energy distribution of Cygnus X–1 for both leptonic and hadronic scenarios. We try to break this degeneracy by fitting the first-ever high-quality, simultaneous multiwavelength data set obtained from the CHOCBOX campaign (Cygnus X–1 Hard state Observations of a Complete Binary Orbit in X-rays). Our model parametrizes dynamical properties, such as the jet velocity profile, the magnetic field, and the energy density. Moreover, the model combines these dynamical properties with a self-consistent radiative transfer calculation including secondary cascades, both of leptonic and hadronic origin. We conclude that sensitive TeV gamma-ray telescopes like Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will definitively answer the question of whether hadronic processes occur inside the relativistic jets of Cygnus X–1.

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28

Cerruti, Matteo. "Leptonic and Hadronic Radiative Processes in Supermassive-Black-Hole Jets." Galaxies 8, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies8040072.

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Supermassive black holes lying in the center of galaxies can launch relativistic jets of plasma along their polar axis. The physics of black-hole jets is a very active research topic in astrophysics, owing to the fact that many questions remain open on the physical mechanisms of jet launching, of particle acceleration in the jet, and on the radiative processes. In this work I focus on the last item, and present a review of the current understanding of radiative emission processes in supermassive-black-hole jets.

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29

Krastev, K. "Hadronic Final State, Jet Production and Measurements at HERA." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 174 (December 2007): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2007.08.092.

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30

Hasegawa, Y. "A search for jet handedness in hadronic Z0 decays." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 39, no. 2-3 (March 1995): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0920-5632(95)00053-c.

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31

Aversa, F., M. Greco, P. Chiappetta, and J. Ph Guillet. "Jet production in hadronic collisions to0(α s 3 )." Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields 46, no. 2 (June 1990): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01556000.

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32

LIU, FENG, and FENG LIU. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HARD AND SOFT PROCESSES IN HIGH ENERGY HADRONIC COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 13, no. 12 (May 10, 1998): 1969–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x98000858.

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According to the cone definition of the jet we propose a practical and effective algorithm to identify jets. Through comparison between the Monte Carlo samples with and without jet(s), the following observations are made. Contrary to what is expected, most of the jetty events do not have high multiplicity. The distributions of multiplicity and [Formula: see text] have long tails for the whole event sample because of (mini)jet production, but no such tail for a no-jet event subsample. The average transverse momentum per event [Formula: see text] and multiplicity n are positively correlated for the whole event sample, and negatively correlated for the jetty event subsample. Two ratios are introduced to describe the "degree of hardness" of each event and are found to be correlated positively with [Formula: see text], but negatively with multiplicity, indicating that [Formula: see text] is a better characteristic parameter to describe the evet hardness than multiplicity.

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Ma, Guo-Liang, and Mao-Wu Nie. "Properties of Full Jet in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions from Parton Scatterings." Advances in High Energy Physics 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/967474.

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The properties of fully reconstructed jet are investigated in p + p and Pb + Pb collisions atsNN= 2.76 TeV within a multiphase transport (AMPT) model with both partonic scatterings and hadronic rescatterings. A large transverse momentum (pT) asymmetry of dijet or photon-jet arises from the strong interactions between jet and partonic matter. Theξ-dependent jet fragmentation function in Pb + Pb collisions is decomposed into two contributions from different jet hadronization mechanisms, that is, fragmentation versus coalescence. The medium modification of differential jet shape displays that the jet energy is redistributed towards a larger radius owing to jet-medium interactions in heavy-ion collisions. Jet triangular azimuthal anisotropy coefficient,v3jet, which shows a smaller magnitude than the elliptic coefficientv2jet, decreases more quickly with increasing jetpT, which can be attributed to a path-length effect of jet energy loss. All of these properties of full jet are consistent with the jet energy loss mechanism in a stronglyinteracting partonic matter in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.

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34

BADEN, ANDREW R. "JETS AND KINEMATICS IN HADRONIC COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 13, no. 11 (April 30, 1998): 1817–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x98000809.

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Analysis of colliding-beam hadron experiments [Formula: see text] often depend upon observation of "jets" — a highly collimated spray of particles such as π, K, e, μ and γ's forming clusters of energy deposition in calorimeters. In this paper we outline how to define jets from such clusters and discuss the meaning of jet quantities such as transverse energy and mass. Data from the DØ experiment are used to illustrate these concepts. In addition, we review the motivations for using certain optimal coordinates for describing energy–momentum four-vectors, and derive interesting relationships among the kinematic variables.

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35

BETZ, BARBARA, PHILIP RAU, and HORST STÖCKER. "MACH CONES AND HYDRODYNAMIC FLOW: PROBING BIG BANG MATTER IN THE LABORATORY." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 10 (November 2007): 3082–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307009075.

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A critical discussion of the present signals for the phase transition to quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is given. Since hadronic rescattering models predict much larger flow than observed from 1 to 50 A GeV laboratory bombarding energies, this observation is interpreted as potential evidence for a first-order phase transition at high baryon density. A detailed discussion of the collective flow as a barometer for the equation of state (EoS) of hot dense matter at RHIC follows. Here, hadronic rescattering models can explain < 30% of the observed elliptic flow v2 for pT > 2 GeV / c . This is interpreted as an evidence for the production of superdense matter at RHIC. The connection of v2 to jet suppression is examined. A study of Mach shocks generated by fast partonic jets propagating through the QGP is given. The main goal is to take into account different types of collective motion during the formation and evolution of this matter. A significant deformation of Mach shocks in central Au + Au collisions at RHIC and LHC energies as compared to the case of jet propagation in a static medium is predicted. A new hydrodynamical study of jet energy loss is presented.

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36

AKIMOTO, HIDEMI. "A Preliminary Study of the Structure of $b\bar bg$ Events using Z0 Decays." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01a (October 2001): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01006644.

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The structure of three-jet [Formula: see text] events has been studied using hadronic Z0 decays recorded in the SLD experiment at SLAC. Three-jet final states were selected and the CCD-based vertex detector was used to identify two of the jets as [Formula: see text]. The remaining jet in each event was tagged as a gluon jet, and distributions of the gluon energy and polar angle with respect to the electron beam were examined and were compared with perturbative QCD predictions. These distributions are potentially sensitive to an anomalous b chromomagnetic moment κ. We compare our data with theoretical predictions including such a moment and discuss limits on the value of κ.

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37

ORR, LYNNE H., and W. J. STIRLING. "BFKL PHYSICS IN JET PRODUCTION AT e+e- COLLIDERS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01a (October 2001): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01006504.

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Virtual photon scattering in e+e- collisions can result with the electron-positron pair at large rapidity separation with hadronic activity in between. The BFKL equation resums large logarithms that dominate the cross section for this process. We report here on a Monte Carlo method for solving the BFKL equation that allows kinematic constraints to be taken into account and show results for e+e- collisions.

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38

Paspaliaris, E. D. S., T. Smponias, and T. S. Kosmas. "The role of magnetic fields in the formation and propagation of hadronic microquasars jets." HNPS Proceedings 23 (March 8, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.1916.

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In the present work, we examine the role of the magnetic field (MF), which causes a rather pronounced confinement of the jets at microquasars. Due to radial Lorentz forces acting on the jet’s matter towards the jet’s axis, the outgoing flux is collimated along the same axis and vertically to the compact object. Alternatively, a rotating central object may drag the surrounding MF into collimation around the produced jet. In such objects, jet emerges from each side of the accretion disc.These jets operate as cosmic engines, capable of accelerating particles on very high energies (~10^2 TeV) and consist sources of high energy neutrinos and gamma rays. We also examine the role of the MF, which causes to a rather pronounced jet confinement. Our aim is to investigate and model its role on various physical observables of the jet, by simulating the jet’s flow and derive 2D and 3D visualizations and furthermore examine its effect on the neutrino emissivity.

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Metzger, W. J. "Bose–Einstein Correlations and Jet Structure of Hadronic Z Decays." Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement 6, no. 2 (2013): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolbsupp.6.491.

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Szczurek, Antoni, and Tomasz Pietrycki. "Inclusive photon production and photon-jet correlations in hadronic collisions." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 184 (November 2008): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2008.09.150.

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41

Angelini, L., G. Nardulli, L. Nitti, M. Pellicoro, D. Perrino, and S. Stramaglia. "Deterministic annealing as a jet clustering algorithm in hadronic collisions." Physics Letters B 601, no. 1-2 (November 2004): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2004.09.024.

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Gallmeister, K., and W. Cassing. "Jet quenching by (pre-)hadronic final state interactions at RHIC." Nuclear Physics A 748, no. 1-2 (February 2005): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.10.019.

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Robinett, R. W. "Transverse spin asymmetries for three-jet production in hadronic collisions." Physical Review D 45, no. 7 (April 1, 1992): 2563–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.45.2563.

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44

Ghaffary, Tooraj. "Comparing Three Jet Rates with and without Hadronic Rindler Horizon." International Journal of Theoretical Physics 56, no. 3 (January 17, 2017): 683–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10773-016-3210-9.

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Schramm, Steven. "ATLAS Jet Reconstruction, Calibration, and Tagging of Lorentzboosted Objects." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202113.

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Jet reconstruction in the ATLAS detector takes multiple forms, as motivated by the intended usage of the jet. Different jet definitions are used in particular for the study of QCD jets and jets containing the hadronic decay of boosted massive particles. These different types of jets are calibrated through a series of mostly sequential steps, providing excellent uncertainties, including a first in situ calibration of the jet mass scale. Jet tagging is investigated, including both not-top-quark vs gluon discrimination as well as W/Z boson, H → bb, and top-quark identification. This includes a first look at the use of Boosted Decision Trees and Deep Neural Networks built from jet substructure variables, as well as Convolutional Neural Networks built from jet images. In all cases, these advanced techniques are seen to provide gains over the standard approaches, with the magnitude of the gain depending on the use case. Future methods for improving jet tagging are briefly discussed, including jet substructure-oriented particle flow primarily for W/Z tagging and new subjet reconstruction strategies for H → bb tagging.

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HIROSKY, R. "QCD AT COLLIDERS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 19, no. 06 (March 10, 2004): 864–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x0401883x.

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The success of the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in describing processes controlled by the strong interaction is generally seen as a triumph of modern particle physics. This paper reviews recent QCD measurements using hadronic jet final states from the Fermilab Tevatron, DESY's HERA, and CERN's LEP colliders. Recent advancements in the measurements of jet production cross sections, events shapes, and energy flow, along with improved theoretical calculations, allow for new levels of precision in the study of the physics of strong interactions and point to areas in need of further refinement.

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STOCK, REINHARD. "HADRON FORMATION IN HIGH ENERGY ELEMENTARY AND NUCLEAR COLLISIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 16, no. 03 (April 2007): 687–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301307006216.

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We consider the dynamical origin of the apparent statistical equilibrium that governs the yields, and yield ratios, of all hadron and resonance species (consisting of the three light quark flavours) produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions from AGS via SPS to RHIC energies [Formula: see text]. This hadro-chemical equilibrium state is well described, overall, by the grand canonical, quasi-classical Gibbs ensemble of all corresponding hadrons and resonances. In order to pin down the stochastic elements, featured by the dynamical evolution prior to hadron formation and hadronic "chemical" (i.e. species) freeze-out, and determining the eventual equilibrium state, we concentrate on the high energy domain, [Formula: see text], where a model of primordial perturbative QCD partonic shower evolution appears plausible. For guidance concerning a hadronization model we revisit the QCD description of jet-induced hadron formation in e+e- annihilation at LEP energy. At the end of the pQCD partonic shower evolution a stage of color neutralization and flavour recombination leads to transition into non perturbative QCD clusters or strings, that decay to hadrons/resonances under phase space dominance. The combination of stochastic shower multiplication and cluster decay to the phase space defined by the hadron/resonancemass and spin spectrum results in a hadronization output featuring statistical equilibrium of the species, which is well described by the canonical Gibbs ensemble. We then assume that hadronization in A + A collisions occurs from a similar stage of singlet cluster formation. However, owing to the extreme overall energy density these clusters should overlap spatially, giving rise to extended super-cluster formation, increasing with [Formula: see text], A and collision centrality. In the limit of an extended volume decaying coherently, hadronization is free of local quantum number conservation constraints. This leads to strangeness enhancement and explains the success of a grand canonical description.

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Reynoso, Matías M., María C. Medina, and Gustavo E. Romero. "A lepto-hadronic model for the high energy emission from the jets of FR I radiogalaxies." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 6, S275 (September 2010): 168–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310015887.

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AbstractWe present a lepto-hadronic model for the VHE emission from the relativistic jets of FR I radiogalaxies. We assume that protons and electrons are accelerated in a compact region near the base of the jet, and they cool emitting multiwavelength radiation as they propagate along the jet. The particle distributions are obtained using an inhomogeneous steady-state transport equation that accounts for the cooling processes as well as the convection of particles in the jet. The dominant processes that contribute to the photon SED are electron and proton synchrotron radiation, inverse Compton interactions, and the inelastic collisions pp and pγ. The accompanying neutrino output is obtained and the possibility of detection with Km3Net and IceCube is discussed for the cases of Cen A and M87.

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Acciarri, M., A. Adam, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, S. Ahlen, J. Alcaraz, A. Aloisio, et al. "Energy and particle flow in three-jet and radiative two-jet events from hadronic Z decays." Physics Letters B 345, no. 1 (February 1995): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(94)01486-v.

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Sen, Sercan. "Forward Physics at CMS." EPJ Web of Conferences 182 (2018): 02116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818202116.

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Recent forward physics measurements performed with the CMS detector at the LHC are reviewed. The measurements of the pseudorapidity dependence of the energy and transverse energy density, inclusive energy spectrum in the very forward direction, and the very forward inclusive jet cross sections are presented. The results are also compared to the predictions of various models used to describe high energy hadronic interactions.

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