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Journal articles on the topic 'Hadronic Current'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

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1

NARUKI, MEGUMI. "HADRON PHYSICS AT J-PARC — CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 03n04 (February 10, 2011): 533–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11051950.

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The J-PARC Hadron Facility is designed as a multipurpose experimental facility for a wide range of particle and nuclear physics programs, aiming to provide the world highest intensity secondary beams. The first primary beam has been successfully extracted and transported to the beam dump on January 2009. Currently three secondary beam lines come into operation, and the new beam line will be completed in the early summer of 2010. Various experimental programs are proposed at each beamline and some of them are preparing to start physics run. Most of the experimental researches concerns the studies of hypernuclei and searches for new hadronic states. As the first experiment at the J-PARC Hadron Facility, search for the Θ+ pentaquark via pion-induced hadronic reaction will be performed in the autumn of 2010. The current status and recent results of the commissioning for the beam line are reported.

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2

Ivanov, A. N., R. Höllwieser, N. I. Troitskaya, M. Wellenzohn, and Ya A. Berdnikov. "Gauge and infrared properties of hadronic structure of nucleon in neutron beta decay to order O(α/π) in standard V − A effective theory with QED and linear sigma model of strong low-energy interactions." International Journal of Modern Physics A 34, no. 02 (January 20, 2019): 1950010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x19500106.

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Within the standard [Formula: see text] theory of weak interactions, Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) and the linear [Formula: see text]-model [Formula: see text] of strong low-energy hadronic interactions we analyze gauge and infrared properties of hadronic structure of the neutron and proton in the neutron [Formula: see text]-decay to leading order in the large nucleon mass expansion. We show that the complete set of Feynman diagrams describing radiative corrections of order [Formula: see text], induced by hadronic structure of the nucleon, to the rate of the neutron [Formula: see text]-decay is gauge noninvariant and unrenormalizable. We show that a gauge noninvariant contribution does not depend on the electron energy in agreement with Sirlin’s analysis of contributions of strong low-energy interactions (Phys. Rev. 164, 1767 (1967)). We show that infrared divergent and dependent on the electron energy contributions from the neutron radiative [Formula: see text]-decay and neutron [Formula: see text]-decay, caused by hadronic structure of the nucleon, are canceled in the neutron lifetime. Nevertheless, we find that divergent contributions of virtual photon exchanges to the neutron lifetime, induced by hadronic structure of the nucleon, are unrenormalizable even formally. Such an unrenormalizability can be explained by the fact that the effective [Formula: see text] vertex of hadron–lepton current–current interactions is not a vertex of the combined quantum field theory including QED and [Formula: see text], which are renormalizable theories. We assert that for a consistent gauge invariant and renormalizable analysis of contributions of hadronic structure of the nucleon to the radiative corrections of any order to the neutron decays one has to use a gauge invariant and fully renormalizable quantum field theory including the Standard Electroweak Model (SEM) and the [Formula: see text], where the effective [Formula: see text] vertex of hadron–lepton current–current interactions is caused by the [Formula: see text]-electroweak-boson exchange.

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Ivanov, A. N., R. Höllwieser, N. I. Troitskaya, M. Wellenzohn, and Ya A. Berdnikov. "Gauge properties of hadronic structure of nucleon in neutron radiative beta decay to order O(α/π) in standard V − A effective theory with QED and linear sigma model of strong low-energy interactions." International Journal of Modern Physics A 33, no. 33 (November 30, 2018): 1850199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x18501993.

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Within the standard [Formula: see text] theory of weak interactions, Quantum electrodynamics (QED) and the linear [Formula: see text]-model (L[Formula: see text]M) of strong low-energy hadronic interactions, we analyze gauge properties of hadronic structure of the neutron and proton in the neutron radiative [Formula: see text]-decay. We show that the Feynman diagrams, describing contributions of hadronic structure to the amplitude of the neutron radiative [Formula: see text]-decay in the tree-approximation for strong low-energy interactions in the L[Formula: see text]M, are gauge invariant. In turn, the complete set of Feynman diagrams, describing the contributions of hadron–photon interactions in the one-hadron-loop approximation, is not gauge invariant. In the infinite limit of the scalar [Formula: see text]-meson, reproducing the current algebra results (S. Weinberg, Phys. Rev. Lett. 18, 188 (1967)), and to leading order in the large nucleon mass expansion the Feynman diagrams, violating gauge invariance, do not contribute to the amplitude of the neutron radiative [Formula: see text]-decay in agreement with Sirlin’s analysis of strong low-energy interactions in neutron [Formula: see text] decays. We assert that the problem of appearance of gauge noninvariant Feynman diagrams of hadronic structure of the neutron and proton is related to the following. The vertex of the effective [Formula: see text] weak interactions does not belong to the combined quantum field theory including the L[Formula: see text]M and QED. We argue that gauge invariant set of Feynman diagrams of hadrons, coupled to real and virtual photons in neutron [Formula: see text] decays, can be obtained within the combined quantum field theory including the Standard Electroweak Model (SEM) and the L[Formula: see text]M, where the effective [Formula: see text] vertex of weak interactions is a result of the [Formula: see text]-electroweak boson exchange.

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4

LEUPOLD, STEFAN, VOLKER METAG, and ULRICH MOSEL. "HADRONS IN STRONGLY INTERACTING MATTER." International Journal of Modern Physics E 19, no. 02 (February 2010): 147–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301310014728.

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We review the current status of theories and experiments aiming at an understanding and a determination of the properties of light vector and scalar mesons inside strongly interacting hadronic matter. Starting from a discussion of the relevant symmetries of QCD and their connection with the hadronic description through QCD sum rules we then discuss hadronic models used to calculate the in-medium self-energies of hadrons and their spectral functions. The difficulties to link these calculated properties to actual observables are emphasized. Finally, we review in detail all the running experiments searching for in-medium changes of vector and scalar mesons, both with relativistic heavy-ion reactions as well as with elementary reactions on (cold) nuclei. Inconsistencies among experimental results are discussed. While almost all experiments observe a considerable broadening of vector mesons inside the nuclear medium, no evidence for mass changes is observed in the majority of the experiments.

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5

Prado, Raul R. "Recent results from the cosmic ray program of the NA61/SHINE experiment." EPJ Web of Conferences 208 (2019): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920805006.

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NA61/SHINE is a fixed target experiment designed to study hadron-proton, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus interactions at the CERN Super-Proton-Synchrotron. In this paper we summarize the results from pion-carbon collisions recorded at beam momenta of 158 and 350 GeV=c. Hadron production measurements in these types of interactions is of fundamental importance for the understanding of the muon production in extensive air showers. In particular, production of (anti)baryons and ρ0 are mechanisms responsible for increasing the number of muons which reach the ground. The underestimation of the (anti)baryons or ρ0 production rates in current hadronic interaction models could be one of the sources of the excess of muons observed by cosmic ray experiments. The results on the production spectra of π±, K±, p, ¯p, Λ , ¯Λ, K0S, ρ0, ω and K*0 are presented, as well as their comparison to predictions of hadronic interaction models currently used in air shower simulations.

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6

GRAZIANA, ENRICO. "FOUR FERMION NEUTRAL CURRENT EVENTS WITH THE DELPHI DETECTOR AT LEP." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01a (October 2001): 345–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01006887.

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Results on the measurements of the four fermion final states originating from neutral current processes, in the data sample collected by the DELPHI detector at centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 208 GeV are presented. The measurements cover a wide range of the possible four fermion configurations: purely leptonic (llll), hadronic and leptonic (llqq, ννqq), purely hadronic (qqqq). On shell Z0Z0 and Z0γ* contributions are individually estimated.

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7

WITTIG, HARTMUT. "LOW-ENERGY QCD II — STATUS OF LATTICE CALCULATIONS." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 25 (August 14, 2013): 1360013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313600134.

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The current status of lattice calculations is reviewed, with a particular emphasis on the question whether lattice simulations have matured to a stage where there is full interaction with experiment. Particular examples include the hadron spectrum, mesonic form factors and decay constants, the axial charge of the nucleon, and the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon (g-2).

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8

Elias, Victor. "Nonperturbative enhancement of current quark masses and underlying strong-coupling dynamics in QCD." Canadian Journal of Physics 71, no. 7-8 (July 1, 1993): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p93-055.

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A Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) effective theory is used to demonstrate how a comparison of current quark masses obtained from hadronic physics and "effective" current quark masses, defined to be the difference between constituent masses characterizing hadronic spectroscopy and the chiral-limiting dynamical quark mass, can provide insight into the strong-coupling regime of QCD. A phenomenologically reasonable enhancement of effective current quark masses relative to actual current quark masses is shown to be indicative of near-criticality of the NJL coupling constant.

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9

Teryaev, Oleg. "Energy-Momentum Relocalization, Surface Terms, and Massless Poles in Axial Current Matrix Elements." Symmetry 12, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 1409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12091409.

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The energy-momentum relocalization in classical and quantum theory is addressed with specific impact on non-perturbative QCD and hadronic structure. The relocalization is manifested in the existence of canonical and symmetric (Belinfante and Hilbert) energy momentum tensors (EMT). The latter describes the interactions of hadrons with classical gravity and inertia. Canonical EMT, in turn, is naturally emerging due to the translation invariance symmetry and appears when spin structure of hadrons is considered. Its relation to symmetric Hilbert and Belinfante EMTs requires the possibility to neglect the contribution of boundary terms for the classical fields. For the case of quantum fields this property corresponds to the absence of zero-momentum poles of matrix element of the axial current dual to the spin density. This property is satisfied for quarks manifesting the symmetry counterpart of UA(1) problem and may be violated for gluons due to QCD ghost pole.

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10

Redmer, Christoph Florian. "Measurements of Hadronic and Transition Form Factors at BESIII." EPJ Web of Conferences 212 (2019): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921204004.

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Motivated by the need of experimental input to improve the Standard Model prediction of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon aµ, the BESIII Collaboration started a dedicated program to measure hadronic cross sections as well as transition form factors (TFF) with high accuracy. The large data sets acquired by the BESIII Collaboration allow to exploit initial state radiation in order to study hadron production over a wide energy range, as well as two-photon collisions to study the momentum dependence of TFFs in the space like regime. The current status and ongoing investigations in both endeavors are discussed.

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11

CHANDOLA, H. C., and H. C. PANDEY. "CURRENT CORRELATORS AND DUAL DESCRIPTION OF LONG DISTANCE QCD." Modern Physics Letters A 17, no. 10 (March 28, 2002): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732302006771.

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An attempt has been made to analyze the magnetic symmetry of the non-Abelian gauge theory associated with the strong interactions using the fibre bundle formulation. Utilizing the gauge field topology, the analysis of dual dynamics associated with the non-Abelian fields is shown to have important bearings on the nonperturbative hadronic effects like confinement of colored quarks and gluons inside hadrons. The state of dual superconductivity for the magnetically condensed vacuum has been analyzed to understand the bulk QCD magnetic properties by evaluating the current correlators in magnetic gauge in terms of the dielectric parameters. The dielectric behavior has been shown to lead to the p-4 confining nature to the dual gluon propagators and to provide an effective macroscopic description of the complicated nonperturbative microscopic interactions of charged particles in dual QCD. The p-4 behavior of dual gluon propagator has also been shown to confirm the linearly rising inter-quark confining potential with an explicit dual gluon mass dependency in dual QCD.

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12

Polyakov, Maxim V., and Peter Schweitzer. "Forces inside hadrons: Pressure, surface tension, mechanical radius, and all that." International Journal of Modern Physics A 33, no. 26 (September 18, 2018): 1830025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x18300259.

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The physics related to the form factors of the energy–momentum tensor spans a wide spectrum of problems, and includes gravitational physics, hard-exclusive reactions, hadronic decays of heavy quarkonia, and the physics of exotic hadrons described as hadroquarkonia. It also provides access to the “last global unknown property:” the D-term. We review the physics associated with the form factors of the energy–momentum tensor and the D-term, their interpretations in terms of mechanical properties, their applications, and the current experimental status.

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13

IVANOV, A. N., N. I. TROITSKAYA, and M. NAGY. "LOW-ENERGY CURRENT ALGEBRA APPROACH AT THE QUARK LEVEL." International Journal of Modern Physics A 08, no. 12 (May 10, 1993): 2027–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x93000849.

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The low-energy theorem, derived by Terent'ev within the framework of current algebra, is proved at the quark level within the framework of the Extended Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model. The proposed method allows to evaluate a vacuum expectation value of any time-ordered product of QCD-hadronic currents in terms of constituent-quark loops and low-lying meson exchanges.

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14

Ju, Min, Jinniu Hu, and Hong Shen. "Hadron-quark Pasta Phase in Massive Neutron Stars." Astrophysical Journal 923, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac30dd.

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Abstract The structured hadron-quark mixed phase, known as the pasta phase, is expected to appear in the core of massive neutron stars. Motivated by the recent advances in astrophysical observations, we explore the possibility of the appearance of quarks inside neutron stars and check its compatibility with current constraints. We investigate the properties of the hadron-quark pasta phases and their influences on the equation of state (EOS) for neutron stars. In this work, we extend the energy minimization (EM) method to describe the hadron-quark pasta phase, where the surface and Coulomb contributions are included in the minimization procedure. By allowing different electron densities in the hadronic and quark matter phases, the total electron chemical potential with the electric potential remains constant, and local β equilibrium is achieved inside the Wigner–Seitz cell. The mixed phase described in the EM method shows the features lying between the Gibbs and Maxwell constructions, which is helpful for understanding the transition from the Gibbs construction to the Maxwell construction with increasing surface tension. We employ the relativistic mean-field model to describe the hadronic matter, while the quark matter is described by the MIT bag model with vector interactions. It is found that the vector interactions among quarks can significantly stiffen the EOS at high densities and help enhance the maximum mass of neutron stars. Other parameters like the bag constant can also affect the deconfinement phase transition in neutron stars. Our results show that hadron-quark pasta phases may appear in the core of massive neutron stars that can be compatible with current observational constraints.

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15

Musolf, M. J., T. W. Donnelly, J. Dubach, S. J. Pollock, S. Kowalski, and E. J. Beise. "Intermediate-energy semileptonic probes of the hadronic neutral current." Physics Reports 239, no. 1-2 (April 1994): 1–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-1573(94)90040-x.

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16

Ivanov, A. N., N. I. Troitskaya, and M. Nagy. "Low-energy hadronic interactions beyond the current algebra approach." Physics Letters B 308, no. 1-2 (June 1993): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(93)90610-t.

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17

Snow, W. M., M. W. Ahmed, J. D. Bowman, C. Crawford, N. Fomin, H. Gao, M. T. Gericke, et al. "Status of Theory and Experiment in Hadronic Parity Violation." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 40 (January 2016): 1660002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194516600028.

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Hadronic parity violation uses quark-quark weak interactions to probe nonperturbative strong interaction dynamics through two nonperturbative QCD scales: [Formula: see text] and the fine-tuned MeV scales of NN bound states in low energy nuclear physics. The current and projected availability of high-intensity neutron and photon sources coupled with ongoing experiments and continuing developments in theoretical methods provide the opportunity to greatly expand our understanding of hadronic parity violation in few-nucleon systems. The current status of these efforts and future plans are discussed.

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KOPELIOVICH, B. Z., I. K. POTASHNIKOVA, IVÁN SCHMIDT, and M. SIDDIKOV. "DIFFRACTIVE INTERACTION OF NEUTRINOS." International Journal of Modern Physics E 22, no. 06 (June 2013): 1330014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301313300142.

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Interactions of high-energy neutrinos expose hadronic properties, in particular, contain a strong diffractive channel. The Adler relation (AR) between soft interactions of neutrinos and pions, might look as a manifestation of pion dominance. However, neutrinos cannot fluctuate to pions because of conservation of the lepton current, and interact via much heavier hadronic components. This fact leads to nontrivial relations between interactions of different hadronic species, in particular, it links diagonal and off-diagonal diffractive interactions of pions. Absorptive corrections break these relations making the AR impossible to hold universally, for any target and at any energy.

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19

Bijnens, Johan, Nils Hermansson-Truedsson, and Antonio Rodríguez-Sánchez. "Short-distance constraints on the hadronic light-by-light." EPJ Web of Conferences 274 (2022): 06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202227406010.

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The muon anomalous magnetic moment continues to attract interest due to the potential tension between experimental measurement [1, 2] and the Standard Model prediction [3]. The hadronic light-by-light contribution to the magnetic moment is one of the two diagrammatic topologies currently saturating the theoretical uncertainty. With the aim of improving precision on the hadronic light-by-light in a data-driven approach founded on dispersion theory [4, 5], we derive various short-distance constraints of the underlying correlation function of four electromagnetic currents. Here, we present our previous progress in the purely short-distance regime and current efforts in the so-called Melnikov-Vainshtein limit.

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20

Köksal, M., A. A. Billur, A. Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, and M. A. Hernández-Ruíz. "Sensitivity measuring expected on the electromagnetic anomalous couplings in the tt̄γ vertex at the FCC-he." International Journal of Modern Physics A 35, no. 28 (October 9, 2020): 2050178. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x2050178x.

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Starting from an effective Lagrangian for the [Formula: see text] interaction of the top-quark, we consider the electroweak production cross-section via charged current and through the [Formula: see text] signal. Further, we derive the sensitivity expected for the magnetic dipole moment [Formula: see text] and the electric dipole moment [Formula: see text] of the top-quark at the Future Circular Collider-hadron electron (FCC-he). We present our study for [Formula: see text], 10 TeV, [Formula: see text], 100, 300, 500, 1000 fb[Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], 80%, [Formula: see text], respectively. We find that the sensitivity estimated on dipole moments of the top-quark is of the order of magnitude [Formula: see text] for both hadronic and leptonic decay modes of [Formula: see text]: [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at 95% C.L. in the hadronic channel with unpolarized electron beam [Formula: see text]. Our results regarding the polarized electron beam for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] at 95% C.L. in the hadronic channel. The corresponding results for the leptonic channel with [Formula: see text], 80% [Formula: see text] are [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], respectively. The results for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in the leptonic channel are weaker than those corresponding to the hadronic channel by a factor of 0.75. Given these prospective sensitivities, the FCC-he is an alternative to study the anomalous couplings of the quark-top that would complement the studies of the LHC with cleaner environments.

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21

Polyzou, W. N. "Constraints on hadronic current operators in relativistic quantum-mechanical models." Physical Review D 32, no. 8 (October 15, 1985): 2216–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.32.2216.

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22

Acciarri, M., O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, S. Ahlen, B. Alpat, J. Alcaraz, G. Alemanni, et al. "Study of the weak charged hadronic current in b decays." Physics Letters B 393, no. 3-4 (February 1997): 477–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0370-2693(96)01689-9.

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23

GNEDIN, YU N. "CURRENT STATUS OF MODERN DARK MATTER PROBLEM." International Journal of Modern Physics A 17, no. 29 (November 20, 2002): 4251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x02013290.

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The basic methods of searching for dark matter candidates are discussed. The main topics of this talk are: (a) ground - based cavity experiments with searching for galactic axions; (b) searching for hadronic axion decay line into galactic and extragalactic light; (c) experimental search for solar and stellar axions; (d) basic methods of searching for WIMPs as candidates into dark matter; (e) limits on axion and WIMP masses and their coupling constants to photons and ordinary matter; (f) novels of searching for nonbaryonic dark matter.

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Aleshko, A., E. Boos, and V. Bunichev. "Study of the Drell-Yan process with the pair-production of polarized tau leptons in collisions of polarized proton beams." EPJ Web of Conferences 222 (2019): 03021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201922203021.

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The new method for studying polarized parton distribution functions via the Drell-Yan process with tau production is proposed. The hadronic decay of tau to single charged pi-meson and neutrino is utilised for determination of the polarization state of the tau-lepton. The key feature of our approach is that we do not sum over the polarizations states of tau, but preserve this information through energies ofpions produced in corresponding decays. The new method in addition to existing ones should improve the accuracy of measurements of polarized structure functions of hadrons. In the current work, the feasibility of such an approach is assessed through numerical simulations.

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KUNDRÁT, VOJTĚCH, and MILOŠ LOKAJÍČEK. "DESCRIPTION OF HIGH-ENERGY ELASTIC HADRON SCATTERING IN BOTH THE COULOMB AND HADRONIC DOMAINS." Modern Physics Letters A 11, no. 28 (September 14, 1996): 2241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773239600223x.

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Though the current model of elastic hadron scattering (based on West and Yennie formula) is based on some basic assumptions being not in harmony with the known experimental facts, it is still used in analyzing measured data. These assumptions are critically examined and possible consequences following from a more general model approach are discussed.

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Maltman, Kim. "Resolving the τ vs. Electroproduction Discrepancy for the I = 1 Vector Spectral Function and Implications for the SM Prediction for aμ." International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, no. 04 (February 10, 2006): 813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06032071.

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Using only independent high-scale OPE input, we investigate QCD sum rule constraints on two currently incompatible versions of the isovector vector spectral function, one obtained from electroproduction (EM) data, the other from hadronic τ decay data. Sum rules involving weighted integrals over the spectral function, from threshold to a variable upper endpoint s0, are employed. It is shown that both the normalization and slope with respect to s0 of the EM spectral integrals disagree with the corresponding OPE expectations, while both normalization and slope are in good agreement when hadronic τ decay data is used instead. These results favor determinations of the leading hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to aμ obtained using the τ decay data, and hence Standard Model predictions for aμ compatible with the current experimental determination.

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HANHART, CHRISTOPH. "ISOSPIN BREAKING IN HADRONIC REACTIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2005): 543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05021737.

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In the standard model the isospin symmetry is broken by electro magnetic interactions as well as the difference in the quark masses. Given a systematic scheme that allows to disentangle these two effects it is possible to get direct access to properties of QCD from low and medium energy hadronic reactions. Recently interest in isospin breaking reactions has revived due to the measurement of a forward–backward asymmetry in pn→dπ0 as well as the total cross section for dd→απ0—both quantities vanish in an isospin symmetric world. The current status of the theoretical analysis for these reactions is disucssed. In addition, I will briefly discuss how the isospin violating a0(980)-f0(980) transition amplitude can be studied in dd and pn induced production reactions—a quantity that is believed to reveal important information on the nature of these lightest scalar mesons.

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28

Colangelo, Gilberto, Martin Hoferichter, Massimiliano Procura, and Peter Stoffer. "Hadronic light-by-light contribution to (g - 2)μ: a dispersive approach." EPJ Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 01025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201817501025.

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After a brief introduction on ongoing experimental and theoretical activities on (g - 2)μ, we report on recent progress in approaching the calculation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution with dispersive methods. General properties of the four-point function of the electromagnetic current in QCD, its Lorentz decomposition and dispersive representation are discussed. On this basis a numerical estimate for the pion box contribution and its rescattering corrections is obtained. We conclude with an outlook for this approach to the calculation of hadronic light-by-light.

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Cappiello, Luigi. "Holographic approach to the light-by-light contribution to the muon (g-2)." EPJ Web of Conferences 234 (2020): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023401002.

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We discuss how holographic models of QCD are used to study the the hadronic light-by-light (HLbL) scattering amplitude contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment. After a brief description of the various models, we focus on a particular one, introduced by Hirn and Sanz, emphasizing the role it assigns to the pion, and the vector and-axial vector resonances. We review how the parameters of the model are fixed by imposing condition on the low energy and the deep Euclidean limit of two-point correlators of QCD vector and axial vector currents. We then focus on the evaluation of the three-point axial-vector-vector current correlator and the pion anomalous transition form factor to be used in the one-pion exchange HLbL diagram and study its asymptotic properties. Finally, we present preliminary results on the four vector current correlator that defines the Hadronic Light-by-Light tensor. We find that axial-vector resonances play an important rule in recovering the correct asymptotic behaviour predicted by QCD at large Euclidean momenta.

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Kaskulov, M. M., P. Grabmayr, and V. I. Kukulin. "A Six-Quark Dressed-Bag Description of np→dγ Radiative Capture." International Journal of Modern Physics E 12, no. 04 (August 2003): 449–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301303001375.

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The radiative capture process np→dγ is considered within the framework of a recently developed six-quark dressed-bag model for the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The calculations presented here include both the nucleon current and the meson-exchange current contributions. The latter uses short-range hadronic form factors for the pion exchange currents consistent with the soft cut-off parameter ΛπNN from the NN-potential. Contributions of the pion exchange current and Δ-isobar current to the total cross-section still cannot explain the discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental cross-sections. Possibilities for new types of meson exchange currents associated with chiral fields inside multi-quark dressed-bag states in nuclei are discussed.

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31

GANESAMURTHY, K., and C. HARIHARAN. "EVALUATION OF CHARGED CURRENT NEUTRINO–NUCLEON INTERACTION CROSS-SECTION." Modern Physics Letters A 23, no. 38 (December 14, 2008): 3239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732308027059.

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The charged current neutrino–nucleon interaction cross-section is evaluated using Thermodynamical Bag Model (TBM) in the neutrino energy range 1 < Eν < 200 GeV with the value of the four-momentum transfer squared 0.1 < Q2 < 20 GeV 2 and the Bjorken variable 0.1 < x < 0.5. The hadronic current carries the linear moments of the reaction that depend on the Bjorken scaling variable x as well as the four-momentum transfer. The results obtained have been compared with the experimental values.

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32

WEYGAND, DENNIS P. "THE STATUS OF MESONIC EXOTICA." International Journal of Modern Physics A 26, no. 03n04 (February 10, 2011): 744–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x11052712.

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33

Akers, R., G. Alexander, J. Allison, K. Ametewee, K. J. Anderson, S. Arcelli, S. Asai, et al. "Measurement of the hadronic decay current in τ−→π− − + v τ." Zeitschrift für Physik C Particles and Fields 67, no. 1 (March 1995): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01564820.

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Barate et al., R. "Measurement of the spectral functions of vector current hadronic tau decays." Zeitschrift f�r Physik C Particles and Fields 76, no. 1 (September 1, 1997): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002880050523.

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35

Urheim, J. "The hadronic current in tau lepton decay to two pseudoscalar mesons." Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 55, no. 3 (May 1997): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00232-6.

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36

Huang, Tian-Qi, and Zhuo Li. "Constraints on Hadronic Contributions to LHAASO Sources with Neutrino Observations." Astrophysical Journal 925, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac423d.

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Abstract The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) detected 12 gamma-ray sources above 100 TeV, which are the possible origins of Galactic cosmic-rays. We summarize the neutrino measurements by IceCube and ANTARES in the vicinity of LHAASO sources to constrain the contribution of hadronic gamma-rays in these sources. We find that the current observations constrain hadronic gamma-rays to contribute no more than ∼60% of the gamma-rays from the Crab Nebula. Gamma-rays from two LHAASO sources, LHAASO J1825−1326 and LHAASO J1907+0626, are dominated by leptonic components up to ∼200 TeV, under the hypotheses in the analysis by IceCube. The uncertainties of the constraint on the hadronic gamma-ray emission are discussed. We also constrain the total 100 TeV gamma-ray emission from TeV pulsar wind nebulae by relying on the remarkable sensitivity of LHAASO at that energy.

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Polson, L., L. Kurchaninov, and M. Lefebvre. "Energy reconstruction in a liquid argon calorimeter cell using convolutional neural networks." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 01 (January 1, 2022): P01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/01/p01002.

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Abstract The liquid argon ionization current in a sampling calorimeter cell can be analyzed to determine the energy of detected particles. In practice, experimental artifacts such as pileup and electronic noise make the inference of energy from current a difficult process. The beam intensity of the Large Hadron Collider will be significantly increased during the Phase-II long shut-down of 2025–2027. Signal processing techniques that are used to extract the energy of detected particles in the ATLAS detector will suffer a significant loss in performance under these conditions. This paper compares the presently used optimal filter technique to convolutional neural networks for energy reconstruction in the ATLAS liquid argon hadronic end cap calorimeter. In particular, it is shown that convolutional neural networks trained with an appropriately tuned and novel loss function are able to outperform the optimal filter technique.

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38

Singh, Yash Kaur, R. Chandra, K. Chaturvedi, Tripti Avasthi, P. K. Rath, and P. K. Raina. "Nuclear transition matrix elements for neutrinoless double-β decay within mechanisms involving light Majorana neutrino mass and right-handed current." International Journal of Modern Physics E 28, no. 01n02 (February 2019): 1950001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301319500010.

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Employing the projected-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (PHFB) model in conjunction with four different parametrizations of pairing plus multipolar effective two-body interaction and three different parametrizations of Jastrow short-range correlations, nuclear transition matrix elements for the neutrinoless double-[Formula: see text] decay of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] isotopes are calculated within mechanisms involving light Majorana neutrino mass and right-handed current. Statistically, model specific uncertainties in sets of twelve nuclear transition matrix elements are estimated by calculating the averages along with the standard deviations. For the considered nuclei, the most stringent extracted on-axis limits on the effective light Majorana neutrino mass [Formula: see text], the effective weak coupling of right-handed leptonic current with right-handed hadronic current [Formula: see text], and the effective weak coupling of right-handed leptonic current with left-handed hadronic current [Formula: see text] from the observed limit on half-life [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] isotope are [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]eV, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively.

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39

DOROKHOV, ALEXANDER E. "VECTOR AND AXIAL-VECTOR CORRELATORS IN AN INSTANTON-LIKE QUARK MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 02n03 (January 30, 2005): 631–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05021993.

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The behavior of the vector Adler function at spacelike momenta is studied in the framework of a covariant chiral quark model with instanton-like quark-quark interaction. This function describes the transition between the high energy asymptotically free region of almost massless current quarks to the low energy hadronized regime with massive constituent quarks. The model reproduces the Adler function and V-A correlator extracted from the ALEPH and OPAL data on hadronic τ lepton decays, transformed into the Euclidean domain via dispersion relations. The leading order contribution from hadronic part of the photon vacuum polarization to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, [Formula: see text], is estimated.

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Brodsky, Stanley J., and Guy F. de Téramond. "Onset of Color Transparency in Holographic Light-Front QCD." Physics 4, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/physics4020042.

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The color transparency (CT) of a hadron, propagating with reduced absorption in a nucleus, is a fundamental property of QCD (quantum chromodynamics) reflecting its internal structure and effective size when it is produced at high transverse momentum, Q. CT has been confirmed in many experiments, such as semi-exclusive hard electroproduction, eA→e′πX, for mesons produced at Q2>3GeV2. However, a recent JLab (Jefferson Laboratory) measurement for a proton electroproduced in carbon eC→e′pX, where X stands for the inclusive sum of all produced final states, fails to observe CT at Q2 up to 14.2 GeV2. In this paper, the onset of CT is determined by comparing the Q2-dependence of the hadronic cross sections for the initial formation of a small color-singlet configuration using the generalized parton distributions from holographic light-front QCD. A critical dependence on the hadron’s twist, τ, the number of hadron constituents, is found for the onset of CT, with no significant effects from the nuclear medium. This effect can explain the absence of proton CT in the present kinematic range of the JLab experiment. The proton is predicted to have a “two-stage” color transparency with the onset of CT differing for the spin-conserving (twist-3, τ=3) Dirac form factor with a higher onset in Q2 for the spin-flip Pauli (twist-4) form factor. In contrast, the neutron is predicted to have a “one-stage” color transparency with the onset at higher Q2 because of the dominance of its Pauli form factor. The model also predicts a strong dependence at low energies on the flavor of the quark current coupling to the hadron.

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Gómez Dumm, Daniel, Juan Pablo Carlomagno, and Norberto N. Scoccola. "Strong-Interaction Matter under Extreme Conditions from Chiral Quark Models with Nonlocal Separable Interactions." Symmetry 13, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13010121.

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We review the current status of the research on effective nonlocal NJL-like chiral quark models with separable interactions, focusing on the application of this approach to the description of the properties of hadronic and quark matter under extreme conditions. The analysis includes the predictions for various hadron properties in vacuum, as well as the study of the features of deconfinement and chiral restoration phase transitions for systems at finite temperature and/or density. We also address other related subjects, such as the study of phase transitions for imaginary chemical potentials, the possible existence of inhomogeneous phase regions, the presence of color superconductivity, the effects produced by strong external magnetic fields and the application to the description of compact stellar objects.

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42

Hoferichter, Martin. "Recent progress in hadronic light-by-light scattering." EPJ Web of Conferences 258 (2022): 06004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202225806004.

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In recent years, significant progress in the calculation of the HLbL contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon has been achieved both with data-driven methods and in lattice QCD. In these proceedings I will discuss current developments aimed at controlling HLbL scattering at the level of 10%, as required for the final precision of the Fermilab E989 experiment.

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43

Fogli, G. L. "Towards an unambiguous determination of the structure of the hadronic neutral current." Physical Review D 34, no. 3 (August 1, 1986): 751–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.34.751.

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44

Wittig, Hartmut, Antoine Gérardin, Marco Cè, Georg von Hippel, Ben Hörz, Harvey B. Meyer, Kohtaroh Miura, et al. "Lattice calculation of the hadronic leading order contribution to the muon g − 2." EPJ Web of Conferences 234 (2020): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023401016.

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The persistent discrepancy of about 3.5 standard deviations between the experimental measurement and the Standard Model prediction for the muon anomalous magnetic moment, aµ, is one of the most promising hints for the possible existence of new physics. Here we report on our lattice QCD calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contribution $ a_\mu ^{{\rm{hvp}}} $, based on gauge ensembles with Nf = 2 + 1 flavours of O(a) improved Wilson quarks. We address the conceptual and numerical challenges that one encounters along the way to a sub-percent determination of the hadronic vacuum polarisation contribution. The current status of lattice calculations of $ a_\mu ^{{\rm{hvp}}} $ is presented by performing a detailed comparison with the results from other groups.

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Hoid, Bai-Long, Martin Hoferichter, and Bastian Kubis. "Hadronic vacuum polarization: three-pion channel." EPJ Web of Conferences 234 (2020): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023401006.

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The 3π-channel contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (g−2)µ is examined based on a dispersive representation of the γ* → 3π amplitude. This decay amplitude is reconstructed from dispersion relations, fulfilling the low-energy theorem of QCD. The global fit function is applied to the data sets of the 3π channel below 1.8 GeV, which constitutes the secondlargest exclusive contribution to HVP and its uncertainty. The dominant ωand φ-peak regions in the e+e− → 3π cross section as well as the non-resonant regions are precisely described to obtain our best estimate. The final result, $ a_\mu ^{3\pi }\left| { \le 1.8\,{\rm{GeV}}\,{\rm{ = }}\,{\rm{46}}{\rm{.2(6)(6)}} \times {\rm{1}}{{\rm{0}}^{ - 10}}} \right. $, reduces the model dependence owing to the fundamental principles of analyticity and unitarity and provides a cross check for the compatibility of the different e+e− → 3π data sets. A combination of the current analysis and the recent similar treatment of the 2π channel yields a dispersive determination of almost 80% of the entire HVP contribution. Our analysis reaffirms the muon anomaly at 3.4σ level, when the rest of the contributions is taken from the literature.

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LUSIANI, ALBERTO. "RECENT τ LEPTON RESULTS FROM BABAR." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 35 (January 2014): 1460440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194514604402.

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We report recent measurements on τ leptons obtained by the BABAR collaboration using the entire recorded sample of electron-positron collisions at and around the Υ(4S) (about 470fb-1). The events were recorded at the PEP-II asymmetric collider at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. The measurements include high multiplicity τ decay branching fractions with 3 or 5 charged particles in the final state, a search for the second class current the τ decay τ → πη′ν, τ branching fractions into final states containing two KS mesons, [Formula: see text], with h = π, K, and preliminary measurements of hadronic spectra of τ decays with three hadrons (τ- → h-h+h-ντ decays, where h = π, K). The results improve the experimental knowledge of the τ lepton properties and can be used to improve the precision tests of the Standard Model.

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47

Dominguez, C. A., K. Schilcher, and H. Spiesberger. "Theoretical determination of the hadronic g − 2 of the muon." Modern Physics Letters A 31, no. 32 (October 5, 2016): 1630035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732316300354.

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An approach is discussed on the determination of the leading order hadronic contribution to the muon anomaly, [Formula: see text], based entirely on theory. This method makes no use of [Formula: see text] annihilation data, a likely source of the current discrepancy between theory and experiment beyond the 3[Formula: see text] level. What this method requires is essentially knowledge of the first derivative of the vector current correlator at zero-momentum. In the heavy-quark sector, this is obtained from the well-known heavy-quark expansion in perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD), leading to values of [Formula: see text] in the charm- and bottom-quark region which were fully confirmed by later lattice QCD (LQCD) results. In the light-quark sector, using recent preliminary LQCD results for the first derivative of the vector current correlator at zero-momentum leads to the value [Formula: see text], which is significantly larger than values obtained from using [Formula: see text] data. A separate approach based on the operator product expansion (OPE), and designed to quench the contribution of these data, reduces the discrepancy by at least 40%. In addition, it exposes a tension between the OPE and [Formula: see text] data, thus suggesting the blame for the discrepancy on the latter.

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48

CHEN, YU CHUN, and CHUNG WEN KAO. "THE LOOP CORRECTIONS TO THE PARITY-VIOLATING ELASTIC ELECTRON-PROTON SCATTERING." International Journal of Modern Physics A 24, no. 18n19 (July 30, 2009): 3645–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x09047302.

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We calculate the two-boson-exchange (TBE) corrections to the parity-violating asymmetry of the elastic electron-proton scattering in a parton model using the formalism of generalized parton distributions (GPD's). We find that these effects can reach a few percent and are comparable in size with the current experimental measurements of strange-quark effects in the proton neutral weak current. Our result is also compared with the result of the hadronic model.

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Manshanden, Julien, Günter Sigl, and Maria V. Garzelli. "Modeling strangeness enhancements to resolve the muon excess in cosmic ray extensive air shower data." Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics 2023, no. 02 (February 1, 2023): 017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/02/017.

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Abstract Experimental observations of extensive air showers have revealed an excess of the muon content with respect to their theoretical simulations, which we refer to as the muon puzzle. This muon puzzle hampers a precise determination of the ultra-high-energy cosmic ray mass composition. We investigate the potential of producing states of dense quark-gluon matter (which we call fireballs) to resolve the muon puzzle as quantified with data from the Pierre Auger Observatory on the depth of the shower maximum and the number of muons at ground. Adopting a phenomenological fireball model, we find that the inelasticity enhancement associated with the formation of a plasma state is in tension with data on the electromagnetic longitudinal shower development. Instead, we restrict the fireball model to only enhance the strangeness produced in Standard Model hadronic interactions, and dub this model the strangeball model. With an analytic approach based on the Heitler-Matthews model we then find explicit sets of strangeball parameters that resolve the muon puzzle. Constraints from data on shower-to-shower fluctuations of the muon number require strangeness enhancements already at energies accessible to current-generation collider experiments. At Tevatron and LHC energies we estimate 40% of the interactions to produce strangeballs, corresponding to a 5–9% increase of the average fraction of energy retained in the hadronic cascade compared to predictions from current hadronic interaction models. A comparison with relevant measurements of the LHCf and LHCb detectors does not directly exclude this scenario, though the obtained tension with LHCb suggests a stringent test at 14 TeV.

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BODENSTEIN, SEBASTIAN. "THE HADRONIC CONTRIBUTION TO THE MUON MAGNETIC ANOMALOUS MOMENT." Modern Physics Letters A 28, no. 26 (August 22, 2013): 1360021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313600213.

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Theoretical input, in the form of the operator product expansion, is used to quench the contribution of the e+e-data used to calculate the lowest-order hadronic contribution to the g-2 of the muon. This procedure reduces the current 3.6σ discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical results for the g-2 of the muon by 1.2σ. In addition, a clear discrepancy between the operator product expansion and the e+e-data is found.

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