Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'H Thin Films'
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Young, David Y. "Electrochemical H insertion in Pd thin films." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122864.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 51-55).
Metal hydrides are pertinent to several applications, including hydrogen storage, gas separation, and electrocatalysis. The Pd-H system is used as a model for metal-hydrogen systems and the effect H insertion has on their properties. A study was conducted to assess the performance of various electrochemical cell formats in electrochemically inserting H into Pd, which is important in building devices for the above applications. A set of in situ X-ray diffraction apparatuses were built to enable simultaneous electrochemical H insertion and measurement of PdH[subscript x] composition. A comparison between aqueous and solid electrolytes, temperature, and thin film vs. bulk Pd revealed that thinner films, lower temperatures, and aqueous electrolytes tended to promote higher achievable H content, with the highest H:Pd ratio observed being 0.96 ± 0.02. These results not only show high H loading into Pd but also both reproducibility and a clear association between varied parameters and cell performance. In addition, the stability and performance of high temperature solid oxide electrolytes was investigated. A novel in situ calorimeter was constructed to enable the study of high temperature solid oxide electrolyte degradation while under operating conditions, similar to recent work in calorimetric analysis of battery stability. This calorimeter has a power detection sensitivity of 16.1 ± 11.7 mW, which is sufficient for detecting and quantifying many of the degradation and other side reactions that occur during high temperature operation of a solid oxide electrolyte in an electrochemical cell. This apparatus provides a tool needed to assess stability and life of solid oxide electrolytes under operation, a critical component to developing higher performing solid oxide electrochemical devices.
by David Y. Young.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering
Dorenkamp, Yvonne Jeannette. "Inelastic H-Atom scattering from ultra-thin films." Doctoral thesis, Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-002E-E49B-7.
Full textGuardi, Giorgia. "Thickness effects on electrochemical and gas-phase hydrogen loading in magnesium thin films." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/24841/.
Full textSiyambalapitiya, Chamila S. "Growth and physical properties of magnetite thin films." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001676.
Full textXia, Zhenbo. "Surface Forces in Thin Liquid Films of H-Bonding Liquids Confined between Hydrophobic Surfaces." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64255.
Full textPh. D.
Pepenene, Refuoe Donald. "Macroscopic and Microscopic surface features of Hydrogenated silicon thin films." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6414.
Full textAn increasing energy demand and growing environmental concerns regarding the use of fossil fuels in South Africa has led to the challenge to explore cheap, alternative sources of energy. The generation of electricity from Photovoltaic (PV) devices such as solar cells is currently seen as a viable alternative source of clean energy. As such, crystalline, amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon thin films are expected to play increasingly important roles as economically viable materials for PV development. Despite the growing interest shown in these materials, challenges such as the partial understanding of standardized measurement protocols, and the relationship between the structure and optoelectronic properties still need to be overcome.
Castro, Galnares Sebastián. "Control of morphology for enhanced electronic transport in PECVD-grown a-Si : H Thin Films." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62528.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-88).
Solar cells have become an increasingly viable alternative to traditional, pollution causing power generation methods. Although crystalline silicon (c-Si) modules make up most of the market, thin films such as hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) are attractive for use in solar cell modules because of the capacity to fabricate cells with much less material. However, several challenges exist in making this material a more practical alternative to c-Si; despite having superior optical absorption properties, a-Si:H suffers in electronic transport, having a hole mobility 3-7 orders of magnitude less than that of c-Si. In the MOSFET transistor industry, carrier speeds and thus mobilities of c-Si were improved through the application of stress in the material. This work hypothesizes that a similar application of stress on a-Si:H thin films can enhance this material's hole mobility. A comprehensive study of the parameter space for a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique used to produce a-Si:H is performed. This enables the control of stress within the deposited film, from compressive to tensile; the mechanical limits of the material resulting in buckling and delamination failure are observed. Further characterization of a-Si:H thin films with different levels of engineered stress was performed; an analysis of the films' surface using AFM measurements to calculate a fractal dimension for each did not result in a significant descriptor of the surfaces' domain distribution. This work includes a detailed analysis of the theory of time-of-flight for measuring carrier mobility in thin film materials, and the system requirements needed to perform them.
by Sebastiián Castro Galnares.
S.M.
Le, Thi Ha-Linh. "Molecular dynamics simulations of H-induced plasma processes and cluster-catalyzed epitaxial growth of thin silicon films." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2014. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00985657/document.
Full textThree different processes taking place in a plasma reactor; namely, heating and melting of plasma-born hydrogenated silicon clusters by reactions with atomic hydrogen, hydrogen-induced healing of cluster-damaged silicon surfaces, and cluster-catalyzed epitaxial growth of thin silicon films have been investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulations. Two plasma-born hydrogenated silicon clusters representing amorphous and crystalline structures are chosen to be exposed to atomic hydrogen as in a realistic plasma reactor. We investigate quantitatively how the clusters heat up and melt by the subsequent reactions with H-atoms. A silicon surface which was partly damaged by a too violent cluster impact has been treated by hydrogen atoms. We have observed that the ill-defined silicon surface is rearranged to its initial crystalline structure after the exposure with atomic hydrogen if the appropriate H-atom flux is chosen; i. E. , due to the surface reaction dynamics with hydrogen atoms, the silicon atoms of the investigated hydrogenated silicon cluster are positioned in an epitaxial surface structure. We have performed an in-depth study of the deposition dynamics of hydrogenated silicon clusters on a crystalline silicon substrate by controlling the parameters governing the cluster surface deposition. We have found that epitaxial growth of thin silicon films can be obtained from cluster deposition if the impact energies are sufficiently high for cluster atoms and surface atoms touching the cluster to undergo a phase transition to the liquid state before being recrystallized in an epitaxial order. Yet more strikingly, by applying a non-normal incidence angle for the impinging clusters, the epitaxial growth efficiency could considerably be enhanced. Those findings are crucially important to improve the high-speed growth of epitaxial silicon thin films at low temperatures using Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) techniques for industrial applications
Zeilmann, Nina [Verfasser], and Rainer H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Fink. "Microscopic and microspectroscopic insights into organic thin films for organic electronic applications / Nina Zeilmann. Gutachter: Rainer H. Fink." Erlangen : Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 2016. http://d-nb.info/1085634221/34.
Full textBauer, Hans [Verfasser], Christian H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Back, and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Strunk. "Linear and nonlinear magnetization dynamics in thin ferromagnetic films and nanostructures / Hans Bauer. Betreuer: Christian H. Back ; Christoph Strunk." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072820536/34.
Full textDorenkamp, Yvonne Jeannette [Verfasser], Alec [Akademischer Betreuer] Wodtke, Alec [Gutachter] Wodtke, and Dirk [Gutachter] Schwarzer. "Inelastic H-Atom scattering from ultra-thin films / Yvonne Jeannette Dorenkamp ; Gutachter: Alec Wodtke, Dirk Schwarzer ; Betreuer: Alec Wodtke." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166399826/34.
Full textBauer, Hans Verfasser], Christian H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Back, and Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] [Strunk. "Linear and nonlinear magnetization dynamics in thin ferromagnetic films and nanostructures / Hans Bauer. Betreuer: Christian H. Back ; Christoph Strunk." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-318659.
Full textBoehm, Benedikt Ezra Nathanael [Verfasser], Christian H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Back, and Jascha [Akademischer Betreuer] Repp. "Magnetic domain walls and domains in thin films, nano stripes and 3D structures / Benedikt Ezra Nathanael Boehm ; Christian H. Back, Jascha Repp." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1149366540/34.
Full textKopte, Martin [Verfasser], Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Faßbender, Oliver G. [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt, Jürgen [Gutachter] Faßbender, and H. J. M. [Gutachter] Swagten. "Spin-orbit effects in asymmetrically sandwiched ferromagnetic thin films / Martin Kopte ; Gutachter: Jürgen Faßbender, H. J. M. Swagten ; Jürgen Faßbender, Oliver G. Schmidt." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1150309970/34.
Full textBribesh, Fathi. "Free surface films of binary liquid mixtures." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9810.
Full textKlemm, Denis. "Analyse dünner Schichten mit der optischen Glimmentladungsspektroskopie." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-23780.
Full textPetrini, Paula Andreia. "Capacitores híbridos ultracompactos para caracterização de sistemas moleculares." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153834.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Conhecido como o ramo da ciência que utiliza camadas moleculares ativas para agregar novas funcionalidades a dispositivos, a eletrônica molecular apresenta propostas promissoras para o futuro. Uma classe de pequenas moléculas semicondutoras que vem sendo explorada devido ao seu potencial na fabricação de diferentes dispositivos é a das ftalocianinas de cobre (CuPc). Entretanto, poucos trabalhos presentes na literatura relatam a relação entre a características elétricas dos filmes orgânicos e sua espessura em nanoescala. Tal fato é explicado pela dificuldade na deposição de contatos elétricos sobre as camadas moleculares, dado que os métodos atualmente empregados podem vir a danificá-las. Nesse contexto, essa dissertação apresenta a fabricação de um capacitor hibrido ultracompacto (h-Cap) constituído por metal / óxido dielétrico / camada molecular / Metal como uma plataforma para acessar as propriedades elétricas de camadas moleculares. Utilizando como a camada metálica a combinação de filmes finos de ouro, titânio e cromo, óxido de alumínio (Al2O3) para o dielétrico e filmes finos de CuPc como camadas moleculares, os h-Caps são fabricados a partir da técnica roll-up. Para a deposição dos filmes metálicos foi utilizado a técnica de evaporação térmica por feixe de elétrons, a técnica de deposição por camada atômica foi utilizada para a deposição do Al2O3 e pôr fim a técnica de deposição por evaporação por filamento resistivo para as camadas moleculares de CuPc. As características geométricas e estruturais dos h-Caps foram obtidas utilizando microscópios ópticos e eletrônico de varredura. Para a caracterização topográfica do filme de CuPc foi utilizado um microscópio de força atômica. Quanto a caracterização elétrica, foram realizadas medidas de corrente-tensão nos dispositivos, com a finalidade de obter os parâmetros de transportes. A resposta dielétrica do dispositivo foi avaliada utilizando a técnica de espectroscopia de impedância de modo a fornecer medidas de capacitância-frequência, permitindo relacionar a espessura e a constante dielétrica do filme de CuPc (kCuPc). Para os filmes de CuPc entre 5 a 20 nm foi obtido o valor de kCuPc = 4,5 ± 0,5, mostrando que a técnica proposta é uma excelente alternativa para caracterização dielétrica de camadas ultrafinas de semicondutores orgânicos.
Known as the branch of science that uses active molecular layers to add new functionality to devices, molecular electronics presents promising proposals for the future. A class of small semiconductor molecules being exploited due to its potential in the manufacture of different devices is that of copper phthalocyanines (CuPc). However, few papers in the literature report the relationship between the electrical characteristics of organic films and their thickness at the nanoscale. This fact is explained by the difficulty in the deposition of electrical contacts on the molecular layers, since the methods currently used may damage them. In this context, this dissertation presents the fabrication of an ultracompact hybrid capacitor (h-Cap) consisting of metal / dielectric oxide / molecular layer / metal as a platform to access the electrical properties of molecular layers. Used as the metallic layer is the combination of thin films of gold, titanium and chromium, aluminum oxide for the dielectric and thin films of CuPc as molecular layers, the h-Cap are formed from the roll-up technique. For the deposition of the metallic films was used the thermal evaporation technique by electron beam, the technique of deposition by atomic layer was used for the deposition of Al2O3 and finally the technique of deposition by evaporation by resistive filament for the molecular layers of CuPc . The geometric characteristics of the h-Caps were obtained using optical and scanning electron microscopes. For the topographic characterization of the CuPc film was used to an atomic force microscope. As for the electrical characterization, current-voltage measurements, the h-Caps were evaluated as a function of CuPc thickness (5 to 50 nm) in order to extract their transport parameters. The dielectric response of the device was evaluated using the impedance spectroscopy technique to provide capacitance-frequency measurements, making it possible to relate the thickness and dielectric constant of the CuPc film (kCuPc). For the CuPc films between 5 and 20 nm, the value of kCuPc = 4.5 ± 0.5 was obtained, showing that the proposed technique is an excellent alternative for the dielectric characterization of ultrafine layers of organic semiconductors.
Chopra, Anuj [Verfasser], D. [Akademischer Betreuer] Hesse, H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Beige, and K. [Akademischer Betreuer] Doerr. "Cation ordering and ferroelectric properties of epitaxial Pb(SC, Ta)O3 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition / Anuj Chopra. Betreuer: D. Hesse ; H. Beige ; K. Doerr." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2011. http://d-nb.info/102520252X/34.
Full textKlemm, Denis. "Analyse dünner Schichten mit der optischen Glimmentladungsspektroskopie." Doctoral thesis, Technische Universität Dresden, 2008. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A25086.
Full textBachar, Abdellatif. "Apport de l'excitation microonde ECR à la pulvérisation réactive pour le dépôt de couches minces SiCxNy˸H, étude des propriétés optiques et électriques." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC068.
Full textThis thesis consisted in studying the contribution of a microwave ECR plasma to magnetron reactive sputtering for the deposition of SiCxNy:H thin films, from a silicon target and an Ar, CH4 and N2 gas mixture and its impact on the chemical composition and also the optical and electrical properties of these films.A study of the process was carried out by optical emission spectroscopy to understand plasma chemistry in three different configurations: reactive silicon sputtering, microwave ECR plasma and the combination of both, depending on the nature and flow rates of the used gases, and depending also on the plasma power. Then, the effect of this plasma chemistry on the composition and the chemical environment of the films was studied. For this, the films were deposited by sputtering the silicon target under different reactive gas mixtures according to R = [N2]/([N2 +[CH4]) and by varying the power of the ECR microwave plasma for three levels ( 0 - 400 and 800 W). This study revealed a competition between two phenomena according to the used microwave power: the increase in the sputtering of the silicon target thanks to the plasma densification on one hand and the premature poisoning of this target due to the strong reactive gas’s dissociation.The studied hybrid process allowed to obtain SiCxNy:H films having a refractive index varying from 1.82 to 2.33 at 633 nm as a function of their stoichiometry. They also have optical gaps greater than 3 eV regardless of their carbon and nitrogen content. These films can be used as anti-reflective coatings for silicon photovoltaic cells. Thanks to a dielectric constant varying from 4 to 7.6 and a charge density comprised between 1011 and 1.4 × 10 12 cm-², the SiCxNy:H films can also be used as a passivation layer.The last part of this work aimed to reduce the interface state density at the substrate/ SiCxNy:H interface. This was attempted by nitriding silicon substrates using an ECR source producing neutral nitrogen atoms on one hand, and a GDS source producing ionized nitrogen atoms and molecules on the other hand. Thanks to this ionic character, the nitridation process based on the GDS source was faster than that ECR (x5) and lead to thicker elaborated SiNx layers. This nitridation process reduces the interface state density of the studied samples
Plujat, Beatrice. "Etude des interactions plasma/surface pour la compréhension de la croissance de couches minces SiCN : H et leur interface film/substrat : répercussions sur leurs propriétés." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0019/document.
Full textSiNOC:H Thin-films, due to their stoichiometric flexibility, present a wide range of properties and are now used industrially in numerous applications: microelectronics, photovoltaics, mechanics, etc. We have here chosen to focus more particularly onhydrogenated silicon carbonitride SiNC:H deposited by microwave PECVD from the liquid organosilicon precursor Tetramethylsilane (TMS). The aim is to propose analternative to the use of silane pyrophoric gas currently used to deposit such materials in industrial PECVD Low Frequency/low deposition rates plasma processes. Decomposition of Ar/TMS/NH3 in the plasma phase, and resulting properties of deposited thin films are studied and correlated. Particular attention is paid to the early stages of films growth and to the study of film/substrate interface
Dai, Letian. "Silicon nanowire solar cells with μc-Si˸H absorbers for tandem radial junction devices." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS303.
Full textIn this thesis, we have fabricated silicon nanowire (SiNW) radial junction solar cells with hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) as the absorber via low-temperature plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). To control the density of NW on the substrates, we have used commercially available tin dioxide (SnO₂) nanoparticles (NPs) with an average diameter of 55 nm as the precursor of Sn catalyst for the growth of SiNWs. The distribution of SnO₂ NPs on the substrate has been controlled by centrifugation and the dilution of the SnO₂ colloid, combined with the functionalization of the substrate. Subsequently, SnO₂ is reduced to metallic Sn after the H₂ plasma treatment, followed by the plasma-assisted vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) growth of SiNWs upon which the P, I and N layers constituting the radial junction solar cells are deposited. We have achieved a high yield growth of SiNWs up to 70% with a very wide range of NW density, from 10⁶ to 10⁹ /cm². As an additional approach of controlling the density of SiNWs we have used evaporated Sn as the precursor of Sn catalyst. We have studied the effect of the thickness of evaporated Sn, the effect of duration of H₂ plasma treatment and the effect of H₂ gas flow rate in the plasma, on the density of SiNWs.In-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) was used for monitoring the growth of SiNWs and the deposition of the layers of μc-Si:H on SiNWs. Combining in-situ SE and SEM results, a relationship between the intensity of SE signal and the length and the density of SiNWs during the growth was demonstrated, which allows to estimate the density and the length of SiNWs during the growth. We have carried out a systematic study of materials (intrinsic, p-type,n-type µc-Si:H and µcSiOx:H doped layers) and solar cells obtained in two plasma reactors named “PLASFIL” and “ARCAM”. The thicknesses of coating on the flat substrate and on the SiNWs have been determined with a linear relation which helps to design a conformal coating on SiNWs for each layer with an optimal thickness. The parameters of the SiNWs and the materials, affecting the performance of radial junction solar cells, have been systematically studied, the main ones being the length and the density of SiNWs, the thickness of intrinsic layer of μc-Si:H on SiNWs, the use of the hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon oxide (μc-SiOx:H) and the back reflector Ag. Finally, with the optimized silicon nanowire radial junction solar cells using the μc-Si:H as the absorber we have achieved an energy conversion efficiency of 4.13 % with Voc = 0.41 V, Jsc = 14.4 mA/cm² and FF = 69.7%. This performance is more than 40 % better than the previous published record efficiency of 2.9 %
Burlaka, Vladimir [Verfasser], Astrid [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gutachter] Pundt, Hans Christian [Gutachter] Hofsäss, Hans-Ulrich [Gutachter] Krebs, Michael [Gutachter] Seibt, Vasily [Gutachter] Moshnyaga, and Helmut [Gutachter] Klein. "Critical thicknesses in Nb-H thin films: coherent and incoherent phase transitions, change of precipitation and growth modes and ultrahigh mechanical stress / Vladimir Burlaka. Betreuer: Astrid Pundt. Gutachter: Astrid Pundt ; Hans Christian Hofsäss ; Hans-Ulrich Krebs ; Michael Seibt ; Vasily Moshnyaga ; Helmut Klein." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1110148135/34.
Full textVescio, Giovanni. "Inkjet-Printed Flexible Electronic Devices: from High-k Capacitors to h-BN/Graphene Thin Film Transistors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406350.
Full textLa creciente demanda de dispositivos flexibles, portátiles y transparentes ha sido impulsada por la irrupción del Internet de las cosas (IoT, de sus siglas en inglés), donde se pretende que los objetos electrónicos inteligentes estén constantemente sujetos a cambio e interactúen con el medio ambiente mediante una conexión inalámbrica (red 5G). Durante la última década, la electrónica impresa ha adquirido gran protagonismo con la promesa de permitir soluciones escalables y de bajo coste por medio de nuevas tecnologías de fabricación, rentables y respetuosas con el medio ambiente, empleando materiales novedosos en forma de tinta. En primer lugar, esta Tesis demuestra la viabilidad de la impresión por inyección de tinta como técnica prometedora, en comparación con otros métodos de impresión actuales, para la fabricación de circuitos sensores de gas y como método alternativo para el ensamblaje de chips sobre circuitos previamente impresos mediante inyección de tinta para aplicaciones electrónicas híbridas y flexibles. La segunda parte de esta Tesis se centró en el desarrollo de nuevas tintas dieléctricas como solución para seguir la hoja de ruta para la próxima generación de aplicaciones electrónicas flexibles. Primeramente, el estudio se centró en la caracterización de las propiedades físicas y químicas de la tinta de HfO2 de elevada constante dieléctrica (εHfO2 ~ 12.6) impresa mediante inyección de tinta. Acto seguido se demostró que el HfO2 es un dieléctrico adecuado para conseguir dispositivos electrónicos flexibles totalmente impresos por inyección de tinta, tales como condensadores MIM (Cox ~ 1 nF mm-2) y memorias ReRAM (más de 516 ciclos de conmutación resistiva). Finalmente, teniendo en cuenta las propiedades destacadas de las heteroestructuras bidimensionales (2D), la Tesis se focalizó en la formulación de una tinta a base de agua a partir de nano-láminas 2D de nitruro de boro (h-BN), especialmente desarrollada para ser impresa como material dieléctrico (permitividad εhBN ~ 6.9). La tinta de h-BN actúa correctamente como óxido de puerta para transistores flexibles con estructura semiconductor / aislante (grafeno / h-BN), respectivamente. Los dispositivos han sido totalmente fabricados por inyección de tinta sobre PET, lográndose una movilidad de huecos del canal semiconductor de grafeno de hasta 110 cm2V-1s-1.
Krämmer, Christoph Daniel [Verfasser], and H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kalt. "Optoelectronic Characterization of Thin-Film Solar Cells by Electroreflectance and Luminescence Spectroscopy / Christoph Daniel Krämmer. Betreuer: H. Kalt." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1074463773/34.
Full textKrämmer, Christoph D. [Verfasser], and H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Kalt. "Optoelectronic Characterization of Thin-Film Solar Cells by Electroreflectance and Luminescence Spectroscopy / Christoph Daniel Krämmer. Betreuer: H. Kalt." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:90-485270.
Full textMisic, Boris [Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] Rau, and Jürgen H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Werner. "Analysis and simulation of macroscopic defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic thin film modules / Boris Misic ; Uwe Rau, Jürgen H. Werner." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1130326608/34.
Full textMisic, Boris Verfasser], Uwe [Akademischer Betreuer] [Rau, and Jürgen H. [Akademischer Betreuer] Werner. "Analysis and simulation of macroscopic defects in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic thin film modules / Boris Misic ; Uwe Rau, Jürgen H. Werner." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1130326608/34.
Full textLarbi, Fadila. "Traitement de couches minces et de dispositifs à base de a-Si : H par un plasma d'hydrogène : Etude in situ par ellipsométrie spectroscopique." Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIMS010/document.
Full textThis work is a contribution to the study of the interaction between hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) thin films and hydrogen plasma in a PECVD (Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition) reactor. The kinetics of silicon etching by atomic hydrogen is monitored in situ by UV - visble ellipsometry .Several plasma parameters (temperature, RF power, H2 gas pressure, the doping of the material) that may impact the kinetics were probed. An analysis of the spectroscopic ellipsometry spectra, thanks to an appropriate optical model, allowed evidencing their effects on the time constant, the thickness and the hydrogen excess of the H-modified layer.The same hydrogen plasma treatment repeated on i/p and i/n H base junctions revealed a particular behavior of the etching kinetics in the junction zone. This effect is interpreted in the frame of a simple of hydrogen diffusion model under an electric field
AKA, BOKO. "Photodecomposition sensibilisee au mercure du monosilane (hg-photo-cvd) : application au depot en couches minces de silicium amorphe hydrogene (a-si : h)." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR13026.
Full textRusso, Florence. "Matériaux multicaloriques : Application à de nouveaux systèmes de refroidissement." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0097/document.
Full textThe cooling sector is in constant expansion, the current system is based on the compression/decompression of fluids. In front of environmental and economic problems of this system (nature of frigorigen fluids and their recycling, noise and vibration issues, restrictive regulations), new alternative technological solutions emerge. Thus this thesis provides new cooling systems based on the magnetocaloric and electrocaloric effects respectively present in thin films of fluoropolymer and composites with polymer matrix and magnetocaloric loads. Through physicochemical, electrical, electrocaloric and magnetocaloric characterizations, this work intends to identify the origin of electrocaloric effect in thin terpolymer films P(VDF-TrFE-CTFE) which is a ferroelectric relaxor, but also to study the influence of the magnetocaloric particles La(Fe,Si)H dispersion in a polymer matrix of poly(propylene) on the magnetocaloric phenomenon. In addition, as part of this thesis, a direct measurement device of the electrocaloric effect was developed with Dr. Basso from the INRIM of Turin. The comparison with the indirect measurement method comes up with this phenomenon from a thermodynamic point of view to take stock of the validity of thermodynamic assumptions used in the case of a ferroelectric polymer relaxor
Vergnat, Michel. "Hydrogénation d'alliages semi-conducteurs amorphes : Structure et propriétés électroniques des alliages amorphes hydrogènes SI::(1-X)SN::(X):H." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10322.
Full textZhou, Rong-Quan, and 周榮泉. "Study on the fabrication and phase transformation of A-si: H thin films." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46664678686047656046.
Full text"Selective breaking of C-H bond using low energy hydrogen ion beam for the formation of ultra-thin polymer films." 2001. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073382.
Full text"December 2001."
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001.
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
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Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Lue, Ru-Mei, and 呂如梅. "The growth of a:C-H thin films on Si(100)and Si3N4 substrates and their physical property studies." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62408764371465859093.
Full textAgarwal, Gargi. "Electrochromic properties of Nb2O5 and (Nb2O5)1-y(T1O2)y thin films intercalated with Mg2+ and H+ions." Thesis, 2008. http://localhost:8080/iit/handle/2074/4337.
Full textBurlaka, Vladimir. "Critical thicknesses in Nb-H thin films: coherent and incoherent phase transitions, change of precipitation and growth modes and ultrahigh mechanical stress." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0028-87E9-A.
Full textHuang, Chao-Wei, and 黃朝偉. "Titania Thin Films and Multijunction Solar Cell in an H-type Photoreactor for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Reaction to Produce Hydrogen." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30822667241467949619.
Full text國立臺灣大學
化學工程學研究所
100
Nowadays, humans face two crises: energy shortage and global warming. In order to meet the energy demand, it is imperative for us to search for an alternative energy. Solar energy in the form of hydrogen is the ultimate energy that could overcome these difficulties. Hydrogen not only is a medium for storing solar energy, but also a clean and recyclable energy source. In this study, titania thin films and multijunction solar cell were used as the photocatalysts or photoelectrodes to produce hydrogen via photocatalytic water splitting reaction in an H-type reactor. Titania is one of the popular photocatalyst materials. Under the irradiation of light with energy greater than bandgap, the photocatalyst would generate electron-and-hole pairs. These electrons and holes will reduce and oxidize water to form hydrogen and oxygen, respectively. In our study, TiO2 thin films were prepared by electron beam induced deposition, evaporation induced self-assembling, radio-frequency sputtering and high temperature RF sputtering methods. The material properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction to reveal the crystallinity, scanning electron microscope to observe the surface morphology, energy dispersive spectrometry to analyze the chemical composition, and UV-Vis absorption spectrometry to check the light absorbance of the prepared TiO2 thin films. The photoelectrochemical property of the TiO2 thin films were investigated with a potentiostat. To prepare the photoelectrode for the water-splitting reaction, TiO2 thin film was deposited on side of Ti substrate while Pt thin film was coated on the opposite side to form the TiO2/Ti/Pt structure. By using an H-type reactor system to carry out water splitting reaction, hydrogen and oxygen were produced separately, eliminating additional separation process. The evolved gases were then detected by a GC analyzer. From the experimental results, the TiO2 thin film prepared by high-temperature RF sputtering method shows the highest photoactivity. To further enhance the hydrogen yield, triple junction solar cell was incorporated into the H-type reactor system to conduct water-splitting reaction in which hydrogen and oxygen was generated at the cathode and anode, respectively. In addition, Na2SO4 was used as the electrolyte solution in both compartments of the H-type reactor. This not only eliminates the chemical bias often applied for the water-splitting reaction, but also prevents the corrosion problem of the anode surface. Most importantly, the produced hydrogen-to-oxygen ratio reaches the stoichiometric ratio of water, which is 2:1.
Wagner, Stefan. "Dünne Palladium-Wasserstoff-Schichten als Modellsystem: Thermodynamik struktureller Phasenübergänge unter elastischen und mikrostrukturellen Zwangsbedingungen." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-6048-1.
Full textWu, Chung-Lin, and 吳宗霖. "Stuty on Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Transistors for H+ Ion Sensing." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62800626875565591552.
Full text中原大學
電子工程學系
87
Abstract In recent years, the amorphous silicon was extensively used in the photo detector, solar cell and TFT display. This thesis will develop a new chemical sensor - ion sensitive thin film transistor (ISTFT), based on the amorphous silicon thin film transistor. The thesis is based on plasma enhance chemical vapor deposition system (PECVD). The main subject of this thesis as follows: The First objective in this thesis is the presentation of a new ISFET structure using a metal as light shield. Because that convention ISFET is a open gate MOSFET-base sensor, light will penetrate into the silicon substrate to generate excess electron-hole pairs. The above phenomenon can not be eliminated completely under the room light condition, Using this structure, the ISFET light sensitivity can be eliminated completely under the room light condition and can maintain the linear pH response. The second objective in this thesis is to develop new application for a-Si:H TFTs, top gate TFT's used as basic device for sensor application have been fabrication in this thesis. First, the physics and operation of the thin film transistors such as: the characteristics of a-Si:H layer (the FTIR analysis), the characteristics of SiN layer ( breakdown voltage, dielectric constant, pH-sensitivity and influence on performance and reliability of top gate TFT using SiN gate insulator), ohmic contact of n -a-Si:H layer (heat treatments, transmission line model), metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors and the electric characteristics of top gate thin film transistors will be discussed. Then, we developed new technology of package and followed the structure of ISFET with a metal light shield to develop the ion sensitive thin film transistors (ISTFTs) with a metal light shield. The last contribution in this thesis is a easy method to fabricate reference electrode of ISFET. The characteristics of self-made reference electrode (such as: the stability, accuracy and life time ) will be discussed and compared with commercial reference electrode.
Lee, Ming-Chih, and 李明智. "Study on Titanium Dioxide Thin Film of Extended Gate H+ Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor by Sol-Gel Method." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61012460037533373511.
Full text大葉大學
電機工程學系碩士班
93
In this study, an extended-gate ion-sensitive structure was fabricated by sol-gel deposited TiO2 over transparent conducting oxides (ITO). The as-synthesized sol-gel TiO2 stock solution was spin-coated uniformly on the ITO glasses at 5000rpm followed by oxygen-rich annealing at 200~500oC. The as-deposited sol-gel films were characterized by atomic force microscopy(AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Auger electron spectroscopy(AES), Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) , UV/VIS spectroscopy, etc. Besides, a Keithley 236 source measure unit was used to evaluated the TiO2/ITO/glass extended-gate ion-sensitive structure under constant voltage constant current analogue (CVCC) for the different concentration of H+ ions. The results shows that the sensitivity of the structure, TiO2/ITO/glass is 61.26 mV/pH and declined to 53.86 mV/pH as the annealing temperature is increased from 200oC to 500oC. On the contrary, for the alternative structure, TiO2/glass/Al, the sensitivity is increased from 29.22 mV/pH to 62.68 mV/pH as the annealing temperature is increased from 200oC to 500oC. Three topics are investigated in more detail: (1).the parameters which are closely related to the sensitivity and the performance of the extended-gate ion-sensitive structures, such as the annealing ambient, the pre-bake and annealing temperature and the process duration, (2).factors which are vital to, (3).the sensitivity of the as-prepared extended-gate structures in buffer solutions of various hydrogen ions concentration.
Li, Yi-Huang, and 李毅煌. "High-temperature Performances of The Spectrally Selective CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO Tandem Absorption Thin Film Prepared by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/raxtbw.
Full text國立虎尾科技大學
材料科學與綠色能源工程研究所
102
CrN and CrON films exhibit excellent chemical and thermal stabilities at high-temperature applications. Spectrally selective CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO tandem absorbers were deposited on stainless steel (SS) substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering for high-temperature solar performance. The refractive indexes of the CrN(H), CrN(L), CrON and AlO films were obtained by using an ellipseometer. The chemical composition and structure of the studied films were characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry, and grazing-incidence x-ray diffraction. The ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared and fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometers were used to measure the optical properties of SS/CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO tandem absorbers. The effect of the thickness of stacking films on the optical properties and the high-temperature thermal stability of SS/CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO tandem absorbers were investigated. Experimental results show that the optimal SS/CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO tandem absorber displays a high absorptivity (α) of 0.935 and a low emissivity (ε) of 0.03. The optical properties of this absorber was stable (α/ε = 0.920/0.01) after heating at 400°C in air for 216 h, indicating that the SS/CrN(H)/CrN(L)/CrON/AlO tandem absorber exhibited superior thermal stability.
CHEN, ZHI-YANG, and 陳志洋. "The effect of graded-gap and barrier layer structure on the electroluminescence propevties of a-sic: H P-I-N thin-film light emitting diode." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77480092752820881157.
Full textΒάγια, Μαριαλένα. "Σθεναρός έλεγχος ηλεκτροστατικών μίκρο-επενεργητών." Thesis, 2009. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/1722.
Full textIn the present Phd thesis different systems of Electrostatic micro Actuators (EmA) have been presented and analyzed. During the modeling process the systems have been observed in order to provide the special characteristics and the special behavior of each model. In addition special control laws have been presented in order to control the movement of the movable parts of the EmAs. In general the main issues of this PhD thesis are presented in the sequel. Firstly the modeling of the following EmAs is presented: a) an EmA whose one plate is moving parallel to the x-axis b) an EmA whose plate is moving parallel to the x-axis and is also making an angular rotation c) an EmA system with squeezed film damping effects (presence of air between the moving surfaces). In the sequel the control laws that have been designed for the aforementioned systems are presented. The designed controllers are: a) a Robust PID controller b) a Robust Switching PID controller c) a robust Η-infinity controller and d) a robust Gain Scheduled H-infinity controller. In the last part of this thesis, the simulation results are presented concering both the behavior of the systems as well as the results provided by the application of the control laws.