Relevant bibliographies by topics / Gyr Operon

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Gyr Operon'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Unniraman, Shyam, Monalisa Chatterji, and Valakunja Nagaraja. "DNA Gyrase Genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a Single Operon Driven by Multiple Promoters." Journal of Bacteriology 184, no. 19 (October 1, 2002): 5449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.184.19.5449-5456.2002.

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ABSTRACT The two genes encoding DNA gyrase in Mycobacterium tuberculosis are present next to each other in the genome, with gyrB upstream of gyrA. We show that the primary transcript is dicistronic. However, in addition to the principal promoter, there are multiple weaker promoters that appear to fine-tune transcription. With these and other mycobacterial promoters, we propose consensus promoter sequences for two distinct sigma factors. In addition to this, the gyr genes in M. tuberculosis, as in other species, are subject to autoregulation, albeit with slower kinetics, probably reflecting the slower metabolism of the organism.
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Jha, Rajiv Kumar, Priyanka Tare, and Valakunja Nagaraja. "Regulation of the gyr operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by overlapping promoters, DNA topology, and reiterative transcription." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 501, no. 4 (July 2018): 877–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.067.

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Liu, Yan-Jie, Biao Hu, Jia-Bi Zhu, Shan-Jiong Shen, and Guan-Qiao Yu. "nifH Promoter Activity Is Regulated by DNA Supercoiling in Sinorhizobium meliloti." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 37, no. 4 (April 1, 2005): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00037.x.

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AbstractIn prokaryotes, DNA supercoiling regulates the expression of many genes; for example, the expression of Klebsiella pneumoniae nifLA operon depends on DNA negative supercoiling in anaerobically grown cells, which indicates that DNA supercoiling might play a role in gene regulation of the anaerobic response. Since the expression of the nifH promoter in Sinorhizobium meliloti is not repressed by oxygen, it is proposed that the status of DNA supercoiling may not affect the expression of the nifH promoter. We tested this hypothesis by analyzing nifH promoter activity in wild-type and gyr Escherichia coli in the presence and absence of DNA gyrase inhibitors. Our results show that gene expression driven by the S. meliloti nifH promoter requires the presence of active DNA gyrase. Because DNA gyrase increases the number of negative superhelical turns in DNA in the presence of ATP, our data indicate that negative supercoiling is also important for nifH promoter activity. Our study also shows that the DNA supercoiling-dependent S. meliloti nifH promoter activity is related to the trans-acting factors NtrC and NifA that activate it. DNA supercoiling appeared to have a stronger effect on NtrC-activated nifH promoter activity than on NifA-activated promoter activity. Collectively, these results from the S. meliloti nifH promoter model system seem to indicate that, in addition to regulating gene expression during anaerobic signaling, DNA supercoiling may also provide a favorable topology for trans-acting factor binding and promoter activation regardless of oxygen status.
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Hornstra, Luc M., Ynte P. de Vries, Marjon H. J. Wells-Bennik, Willem M. de Vos, and Tjakko Abee. "Characterization of Germination Receptors of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 1 (January 2006): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.1.44-53.2006.

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ABSTRACT Specific amino acids, purine ribonucleosides, or a combination of the two is required for efficient germination of endospores of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. A survey including 20 different amino acids showed that l-alanine, l-cysteine, l-threonine, and l-glutamine are capable of initiating the germination of endospores of B. cereus ATCC 14579. In addition, the purine ribonucleosides inosine and adenosine can trigger germination of the spores. Advanced annotation of the B. cereus ATCC 14579 genome revealed the presence of seven putative germination (ger) operons, termed gerG, gerI, gerK, gerL, gerQ, gerR, and gerS. To determine the role of the encoded putative receptors in nutrient-induced germination, disruption mutants were constructed by the insertion of pMUTIN4 into each of the seven operons. Four of the seven mutants were affected in the germination response to amino acids or purine ribonucleosides, whereas no phenotype could be attributed to the mutants with disrupted gerK, gerL, and gerS loci. The strain with a disrupted gerR operon was severely hampered in the ability to germinate: germination occurred in response to l-glutamine but not in the presence of any of the other amino acids tested. The gerG mutant showed significantly reduced l-glutamine-induced germination, which points to a role of this receptor in the l-glutamine germination signaling pathway. gerR, gerI, and gerQ mutants showed reduced germination rates in the presence of inosine, suggesting a role for these operons in ribonucleoside signaling. Efficient germination by the combination of l-glutamine and inosine was shown to involve the gerG and gerI operons, since the germination of mutants lacking either one of these receptors was significantly reduced. Germination triggered by the combination of l-phenylalanine and inosine was lost in the gerI mutant, indicating that both molecules are effective at the GerI receptor.
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Abdoarrahem, M. M., K. Gammon, B. N. Dancer, and C. Berry. "Genetic Basis for Alkaline Activation of Germination in Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 19 (July 31, 2009): 6410–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00962-09.

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ABSTRACT Differences in activation between spores from strains of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis with and without the toxin-encoding plasmid pBtoxis are demonstrated. Following alkaline activation, the strain bearing pBtoxis shows a significantly greater germination rate. Expression of just three genes constituting a previously identified, putative ger operon from this plasmid is sufficient to produce the same phenotype and characterizes this operon as a genetic determinant of alkaline activation.
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Hornstra, Luc M., Ynte P. de Vries, Willem M. de Vos, Tjakko Abee, and Marjon H. J. Wells-Bennik. "gerR, a Novel ger Operon Involved in l-Alanine- and Inosine-Initiated Germination of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 2 (February 2005): 774–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.2.774-781.2005.

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ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus endospores germinate in response to particular nutrients. Spores are able to sense these nutrients in the environment by receptors encoded by the gerA family of operons. Analysis of the Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 genome revealed seven gerA family homologues. Using a transposon Tn917-based insertional mutagenesis approach followed by an enrichment procedure to select for l-alanine-induced germination mutants, we isolated a mutant with a defect in the l-alanine germination pathway. The transposon disrupted the last gene of a tricistronic gerA family operon, designated gerR, with the order gerRA, gerRC, gerRB. A second mutant was created by insertion of pMUTIN4 in gerRC. Both mutants showed the same phenotype for nutrient-induced germination. Spores of the gerR mutant strains were blocked in their l-alanine-initiated germination pathway and showed a delayed inosine-induced germination response. Apparently, germination mediated by l-alanine and inosine cannot be compensated for completely by the other germinant receptors, and this points towards an essential role of the gerR-encoded receptor in the receptor complex. In food products, spores of the mutant strains showed a reduced germination response compared to spores of the parental strain. High-pressure-initiated germination was not affected by the gerR mutations, as experiments with 100 and 550 MPa showed no difference with spores of the parental strain.
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Wiame, Elsa, Pedro Lamosa, Helena Santos, and Emile Van Schaftingen. "Identification of glucoselysine-6-phosphate deglycase, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of the fructation product glucoselysine." Biochemical Journal 392, no. 2 (November 22, 2005): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20051183.

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The metabolism of the glycation product fructose-ϵ-lysine in Escherichia coli involves its ATP-dependent phosphorylation by a specific kinase (FrlD), followed by the conversion of fructoselysine 6-phosphate into glucose 6-phosphate and lysine by fructoselysine-6-phosphate deglycase (FrlB), which is distantly related to the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase. As shown in the present work, several bacterial operons comprise: (1) a homologue of fructoselysine-6-phosphate deglycase; (2) a second homologue of the isomerase domain of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, more closely related to it; and (3) components of a novel phosphotransferase system, but no FrlD homologue. The FrlB homologue (GfrF) and the closer glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase homologue (GfrE) encoded by an Enterococcus faecium operon were expressed in E. coli and purified. Similar to FrlB, GfrF catalysed the reversible conversion of fructoselysine 6-phosphate into glucose 6-phosphate and lysine. When incubated with fructose 6-phosphate and elevated concentrations of lysine, GfrE catalysed the formation of a compound identified as 2-ϵ-lysino-2-deoxy-6-phospho-glucose (glucoselysine 6-phosphate) by NMR. GfrE also catalysed the reciprocal conversion, i.e. the formation of fructose 6-phosphate (but not glucose 6-phosphate) from glucoselysine 6-phosphate. The equilibrium constant of this reaction (0.8 M) suggests that the enzyme serves to degrade glucoselysine 6-phosphate. In conclusion, GfrF and GfrE serve to metabolize glycation products formed from lysine and glucose (fructoselysine) or fructose (glucoselysine), via their 6-phospho derivatives. The latter are presumably formed by the putative phosphotransferase system encoded by gfrA–gfrD. The designation gfr (glycation and fructation product degradation) is proposed for this operon. This is the first description of an enzyme participating in the metabolism of fructation products.
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Dolgushev, Vasily, and Thomas Willwacher. "A direct computation of the cohomology of the braces operad." Forum Mathematicum 29, no. 2 (March 1, 2017): 465–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forum-2016-0123.

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Sleator, Roy D., Cormac G. M. Gahan, and Colin Hill. "Identification and Disruption of theproBA Locus in Listeria monocytogenes: Role of Proline Biosynthesis in Salt Tolerance and Murine Infection." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): 2571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.6.2571-2577.2001.

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ABSTRACT Intracellular accumulation of the amino acid proline has previously been linked to the salt tolerance and virulence potential of a number of bacteria. Taking advantage of the proBA mutantEscherichia coli CSH26, we identified a listerialproBA operon coding for enzymes functionally similar to the glutamyl kinase (GK) and glutamylphosphate reductase (GPR) enzyme complex which catalyzes the first and second steps of proline biosynthesis in E. coli. The first gene of the operon,proB, is predicted to encode GK, a 276-residue protein with a calculated molecular mass of 30.03 kDa and pl of 5.2. Distal to the promoter and overlapping the 3′ end of proB by 17 bp isproA, which encodes GPR, a 415-residue protein with a calculated molecular mass of 45.50 kDa (pl 5.3). Using this information, we created a chromosomal deletion mutant by allelic exchange which is auxotrophic for proline. This mutant was used to assess the contribution of proline anabolism to osmotolerance and virulence. While inactivation of proBA had no significant effect on virulence in mouse assays (either perorally or intraperitoneally), growth at low (2 to 4% NaCl) and high (>6% NaCl) salt concentrations in complex media was significantly reduced in the absence of efficient proline synthesis. We conclude that while proline biosynthesis plays little, if any, role in the intracellular life cycle and infectious nature of Listeria monocytogenes, it can play an important role in survival in osmolyte-depleted environments of elevated osmolarity.
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Hornstra, Luc M., Ynte P. de Vries, Willem M. de Vos, and Tjakko Abee. "Influence of Sporulation Medium Composition on Transcription of ger Operons and the Germination Response of Spores of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 5 (May 2006): 3746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.72.5.3746-3749.2006.

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ABSTRACT Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 endospores were produced in Y1 medium, a nutrient-rich, chemically defined sporulation medium, and in modified G medium, containing low amounts of nutrients. The average transcription level of the seven ger operons per cell was 3.5 times higher in Y1 medium, and the spores grown in this medium showed an enhanced germination response.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Rosén, Simon, and Markus Eriksson. "Naked Flat : Ett bostadskoncept som ger kunden möjlighet att färdigställa delar av en nyproducerad bostadsrätt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447775.

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The regulations that form the basis of the construction sector not only hamper productivity, but also quality, innovation and customer focus. They counteract change by being too regulated and the result is similar in that everyone must relate to the same industry standard and the same framework in the form of rules.  Apartments have had a steady rise in prices over recent decades, statistics suggest that the price of apartments in recent years was higher than ever before. The majority of Sweden's residents living in apartment buildings today live in rental apartments, which is because of the simple reason that purchasing an apartment is expensive and a large sum of money is required to be able to afford a down payment. Many of the homes that are built today are produced on market terms with limited options. This results in newly produced homes being targeted at those with a good income and low-income earners being given lower priority. Apartments with a lower standard are produced in Russia, among other places, where the customer completes the apartment according to taste.  This degree project has been carried out in collaboration with Bonava AB with the aim of investigating how much can be waived from completing in a newly produced flat before the approved final decision. Furthermore, it has been investigated how the time required and the final cost of the project are affected, as well as the customer's benefits through the introduction of the Naked Flat concept. Eleven respondents were interviewed in the study and calculations were performed on a cost estimate and schedule.  With the introduction of Naked Flat, the construction cost was reduced by 7,76 percent and the project time was reduced by 38 days. The lower price is justified by the fact that the apartment is delivered in a simpler design where the customers can complete it themselves according to their own wishes and needs. Naked Flat gives the customer more options about design and the chance to put their own personal touch through color and material choices. Furthermore, the reduced project time means that the customer gets access to the apartment earlier. The completion of the apartments can be regulated in such a way that it relates to sustainable housing through agreements and partners as well as the potentially reduced use of materials.
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Al-Rshaidat, Mamoon M. D. "Iron physiological autecology of the vertically migrating diatoms Ethmodiscus spp. and Rhizosolenia spp. in the Central North Pacific (CNP) gyre." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1162834373.

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Jha, Rajiv Kumar. "Insights into the Regulation of Transcription Initiation of DNA Gyrase and Role of Transcription Factor Gre from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Thesis, 2017. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4681.

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Genus Mycobacterium comprises a large number of species including many pathogens such as Mycobacterium leprae, Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the last one is the causative agent of the fatal disease tuberculosis. The unique features of the deadly organism viz, slow growing, tough cell wall, latency and resistance to various drugs demand a systematic understanding of many essential molecular processes including transcription. Studies have been undertaken to understand several aspects of transcription in mycobacteria which revealed its machinery to be conserved with other eubacteria? However, many facets of transcription in mycobacteria and regulation are different. The transcription regulators and them regulation are the basic counter stones which govern gene expression. The present study is aimed to understand better the mechanistic regulation of transcription of important housekeeping functions, DNA gyrase and also to obtain further insights into the role of transcription elongation factor Gre. Chapter 1 of the thesis provides a general introduction of the bacterial transcription machinery, associated transcription regulators and their regulation. It covers the description of the central player- the RNA polymerase (RNAP) followed by each step of the transcription initiation, elongation and various factors involved in their regulation. Finally, an overview of the emerging information on several aspects of mycobacterial transcription is discussed emphasizing on RNAP, promoter architecture, and its regulation. In Chapter 2, the studies are directed to understand the mechanism for topology-dependent regulation of Mtb Gyrase. The gyrase is encoded by two genes gyrB and gyrA which form a bicistronicity operon in Mtb and harbor multiple promoters. The principal promoter PgyrB1 drives the transcription of the dicistron and the weaker divergent promoter PgyrR is engaged in transcription in the opposite direction. The divergent and overlapping PgyrR show decrease in activity when the PgyrB1 was induced upon relaxation of the genome by a phenomenon termed relaxation stimulated transcription (RST). PgyrR plays a role in the fine tuning of gyr gene expression by reiterative transcription (RT), a regulatory mechanism hitherto not described in Mtb. In vitro transcription assays show that RT at PgyrR is dependent on the negatively supercoiled status of the DNA. The principal promoter PgyrB1 is also regulated by DNA topology but does not exhibit RT. It is elucidated that the RNAP binding is efficient at PgyrB1 when the DNA is relaxed whereas binding to PgyrR is preferred when DNA is supercoiled. Thus, a collaboration between RST and RT govern the regulation of gyr operon; the differential topology sensitivity of the overlapping promoters determines and dictate the efficiency of transcription initiation at gyr promoters. In addition, this study suggests a new mechanism of RST distinct from the one observed for other bacteria, such as E. coli or M. smegmatis. Chapter 3 describes studies that have been carried out to delineate the mechanism underlying the differential function of transcription regulator MtbGreA and its homolog Rv3788 (MtbGfh1). MtbGreA binds to RNAP and induces the intrinsic transcript cleavage activity of RNAP thereby allowing RNAP to resume transcription from paused and arrested sites. In spite of having Gre like domains, MtbGfh1 does not stimulate RNA cleavage. Instead, it inhibits transcription by binding to RNAP. Homology modeling and docking data suggest that Gre and MtbGfh1 bind to RNAP in a different orientation. MtbGreA coordinate with the Mg2+ present in the catalytic center of the RNAP while MtbGfh1 was observed to be facing away from Mg2+ Swapping of a stretch of residues from the N-terminus of MtbGreA into MtbGfh1 acquire GreA like transcript cleavage stimulatory activity and enhance promoter clearance for MtbGfh1. Bioinformatics analysis and biochemical assays demonstrate the significance of a stretch of residues in the N-terminus of MtbGreA and MtbGfh1 for their functions. Also, the orientation of the MtbGreA and MtbGfh1 while binding to RNAP is a crucial determinant in governing their respective function. Being the general inhibitor of transcription, overexpression of MtbGfh1 led to the appearance of tiny colonies and slow growth of cells suggesting its regulatory role to maintain the physiology of Mtb. In Chapter 4, the influence of perturbation of GreA level on Mtb growth and physiology has been studied. Mtb contains a single Gre protein (Rv1080c), unlike many other bacteria where both GreA and GreB are present. Further, the GC-rich genome of Mtb may pose an additional challenge to the transcribing RNAP. Hence the role of GreA could be essential to maintain high fidelity of transcription and RNAP distribution in Mtb genome. To validate this, the conditional knockdown strain of MtbGreA was generated. GreA depleted strain exhibited slow growth and caused phenotypical changes in Mtb cells. Moreover, the occupancy of RNAP on the promoter and gene body of candidate gene tested was found to be disrupted upon MtbGreA depletion, suggesting the regulatory role of GreA in modulating Mtb physiology.
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Books on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Tibetan, Institute of Performing Arts (Dharmsāla India). Lha moʼi zlos gar gyi ʼkhrab gźuṅ dwaṅs śel me loṅ. Dharamsala, Distr. Kangra, H.P: Bod-gźuṅ Zlos-gar nas dpar bskrun źus, 2007.

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Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (Dharmsāla, India), ed. Lha moʼi zlos gar gyi ʼkhrab gźuṅ dwaṅs śel me loṅ. Dharamsala, Distr. Kangra, H.P: Bod-gźuṅ Zlos-gar nas dpar bskrun źus, 2007.

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"Ganz - oder gar nicht!": Richard Wagner und sein Werk in Darmstadt : zum 200. Geburtstag des Komponisten am 22. Mai 2013. Darmstadt: Justus von Liebig Verlag, 2013.

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Sjöberg-Pietarinen, Solveig. Museer ger mening: Friluftsmuseerna Klosterbacken och Amuri som representationer. Åbo: Åbo Akademis förlag, 2004.

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Dpal-ʼbum-rgyal and Gao Peng, eds. Bod kyi zlos gar ʼkhrab gźuṅ ʼjig rten dgyes paʼi mchod sprin. Qinghai: Mtsho-sṅon mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 2004.

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Blo-bzaṅ-bsam-gtan and Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts (Dharmsāla, India), eds. Rṅon paʼi ʼdon daṅ, rgya luʼi byin ʼbebs, lha moʼi glu gar, bkris mchod mtshams bcas kyi ʼkhrab gźuṅ. Dharamsala, H.P., India: Tibetan Institute of Performing Arts, 1994.

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Boyden, Matthew. The rough guide to opera. 4th ed. London: Rough Guides, 2007.

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Lewis, C. S. Seṅ ge, bdud mo daṅ gos sgam: Nar-ni-yāʾi yul gyi sgruṅ. Pe-cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 2004.

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Battle of the planets: Trial by fire digest. Los Angeles: Top Cow Productions, 2003.

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L'Engle, Madeleine. A wrinkle in time. New York: Yearling, 2005.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Shrivastava, Ashok Kumar, and Priyanka Singh. "Jaggery (Gur): The Ancient Indian Open-pan Non-centrifugal Sugar." In Sugar and Sugar Derivatives: Changing Consumer Preferences, 283–307. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6663-9_19.

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Cruz, Diogo, José Aleixo Cruz, and Henrique Lopes Cardoso. "Reinforcement Learning in Multi-agent Games: Open AI Gym Diplomacy Environment." In Progress in Artificial Intelligence, 49–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30241-2_5.

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Du, Huaiyu, and Rafał Jóźwiak. "Representation of Observations in Reinforcement Learning for Playing Arcade Fighting Game." In Digital Interaction and Machine Intelligence, 45–55. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37649-8_5.

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AbstractReinforcement learning (RL) is one of three basic machine learning paradigms, alongside supervised learning and unsupervised learning. Reinforcement learning algorithms have become very popular in simple computer games and games like chess and GO. However, playing classical arcade fighting games would be challenging because of the complexity of the command system (the character makes moves according to the sequence of input) and combo system. In this paper, a creation of a game environment of The King of Fighters ’97 (KOF ’97), which implements the open gym env interface, is described. Based on the characteristics of the game, an innovative approach to represent the observations from the last few steps has been proposed, which guarantees the preservation of Markov’s property. The observations are coded using the “one-hot encoding” technique to form a binary vector, while the sequence of stacked vectors from successive steps creates a binary image. This image encodes the character’s input and behavioural pattern, which are then retrieved and recognized by the CNN network. A network structure based on the Advantage Actor-Critic network was proposed. In the experimental verification, the RL agent performing basic combos and complex moves (including the so-called “desperation moves”) was able to defeat characters using the highest level of AI built into the game.
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Skamletz, Martin. "«… und gar nichts, wodurch sich der eigene schöpferische Geist des Komponisten beurkundete». Cherubini, Hummel, Konzerte, Opern, Quodlibetes und Trompeten in Wien zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts. Teil 3 und Schluss: Anton Weidinger und sein Instrument." In Musikforschung der Hochschule der Künste Bern, 245–61. Schliengen: Edition Argus, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26045/kp64-6177-014.

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Roy, Sangeeta, J. Jagan, and Pijush Samui. "Determination of Work Zone Capacity Using ELM, MPMR and GPR." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 93–111. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8648-9.ch004.

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This article examines the capability of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Minimax Probability Machine Regression (MPMR) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) for determination of Work Zone Capacity. Number of lanes, number of open lanes, work zone layout, length, lane width, percentage trucks, grade, speed, work intensity, darkness factor, and proximity of ramps have been adopted as inputs of ELM, MPMR and GPR. ELM has excellent generalization performance, rapid training speed and little human intervention. MPMR is developed based on the concept of minimax probability machine classification. It does not assume any data distribution. GPR is a probabilistic, and non-parametric model. In GPR, different kinds of prior knowledge can be applied. This article describes a comparative study between the ELM, MPMR and GPR models.
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Khalifa, Aly, and Robert R. Freimuth. "Representing NIH Genetic Test Registry Data in the FHIR Genomic Study Resource." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti230515.

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The National Institute of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) provides a variety of information about genetic tests such as relevant methods, conditions, and performing laboratories. This study mapped a subset of GTR data to the newly developed HL7®-FHIR® Genomic Study resource. Using open-source tools, a web application was developed to implement data mapping and provides many GTR test records as Genomic Study resources. The developed system demonstrates the feasibility of using open-source tools and the FHIR Genomic Study resource to represent publicly available genetic testing information. This study validates the overall design of the Genomic Study resource and proposes two enhancements to support additional data elements.
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ROSE, GEORGE D. "THE OPEN-ENDED INTELLECTUAL LEGACY OF GNR." In Biomolecular Forms and Functions, 38–45. WORLD SCIENTIFIC / INDIAN INST OF SCIENCE, INDIA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814449144_0003.

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Salooja, Mohinder Kumar, and Vijayakumar P. "Role of Open and Distance Learning in Agriculture Education in India." In Optimizing Open and Distance Learning in Higher Education Institutions, 244–56. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2624-7.ch011.

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The Open and Distance Learning (ODL) can be an effective and cost effective tool to reach the masses in imparting the required skills and technical proficiency. The conventional Agricultural education system has not utilized the potential of ODL in a big way for extending the reach of agriculture education and capacity building activities. Some of the challenges in ODL system include: identifying the right type and level of programme, selecting the appropriate pedagogy model, covering of large and diverse clientele group, popularization and recognition of the programmes and linkages with the industry. For successful implementation of the ODL programmes in agriculture, the interventions proposed are synergy between ODL and conventional system to improve GER and bridge the gap between demand and supply, collaboration with different institutions and industry for development and delivery of the programmes, linkage with the government schemes, popularization and recognition of ODL programmes, utilization of modern technologies, etc.
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"The Legacy of GDR Directors on the Post-Wende Opera Stage." In Art Outside the Lines, 131–54. Brill | Rodopi, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789401200400_008.

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Ruggenthaler, Peter. "Germany and the Soviet Union during the Cold War Era." In The Oxford Handbook of German Politics, 82—C6.P126. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198817307.013.7.

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Abstract This chapter considers the important relations of both German states with the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe during the Cold War years. Once victory over Nazi Germany had been achieved, Stalin wanted to ensure that it would be impossible for Germany to launch yet another war against the Soviet Union. One means of weakening Germany were large territorial cessions. Another way was to turn Germany into a communist country. But it became clear that communism could be implemented only with the help of the Soviet Army. This chapter traces the conflicts among the great powers regarding Germany which led to the Cold War and the division of Germany. The Soviet occupation zone was soon turned into the German Democratic Republic (GDR), which became a cornerstone of the Soviet Empire. The suppression of the popular East German uprising in 1953 revealed that Stalin’s successors would continue to insist on upholding Soviet interests in Germany with all their might. Only the construction of a wall and the complete sealing off of West Berlin could stop the enormous population drain from the GDR to the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). In 1961, the status quo was thus cemented in the truest sense of the word; yet legally, the German question remained open throughout the Cold War. Mikhail Gorbachev’s reform policy laid the foundation for the changes in Eastern Europe in 1989. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Chancellor Kohl decisively pushed the reunification process—yet, against the will of most European governments.
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Conference papers on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Bonati, Leonardo, Michele Polese, Salvatore D'Oro, Stefano Basagni, and Tommaso Melodia. "OpenRAN Gym: An Open Toolbox for Data Collection and Experimentation with AI in O-RAN." In 2022 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcnc51071.2022.9771908.

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Peraudo, Paolo N., Claudio Abbondanza, Dario G. Pastrone, Paolo Maggiore, and Gian Paolo De Poli. "Impact of an Optimized Power Turbine Disks Cavity on Geared Open Rotor Performance: A Multidisciplinary Approach in the Preliminary Design." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-94074.

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A constantly growing number of studies have been oriented to Green Aircraft and Green Engine concepts during last several years in order to reduce pollutants and carbon-dioxide production by 2020. Ultra high by-pass engines are recently getting the highest interest by academia, research centers and industries. Among the most recent research activities, many studies are focused on geared architectures, the Geared Turbofan (GTF) and the Geared Open Rotor (GOR). The GOR architecture seems to be the most promising radical architecture for short-range aircraft as climbing and landing phases interest the major part of the whole mission. Our work refers to the most recent research activities and is focused on the preliminary design of a GOR-like engine. A multidisciplinary modular simulation environment was developed to allow researchers the chance to directly relate the considered disciplines. Introductory trade-off studies were carried on to effectively show GOR capabilities amongst the most innovative engines. A reference low-bypass turbofan was used as the core of the considered GOR engine, as previously done by General Electric for its original Open Rotor engine. GOR performance were predicted on-design and off-design, by relating to a reference short-range mission. Optimization studies of the GOR high-speed power turbine disks cavity were performed to reduce disk weight and cooling flows, complying with several engineering constraints, such as aerodynamics, structural and manufacturing constraints. Finally the optimization outcomes were linked to the performance code to capture their impact on the overall engine efficiency and specific fuel consumption. Preliminary results show that it is possible to get a remarkable improvement in the specific fuel consumption by minimizing the required cooling flows of the GOR power turbine. Moreover, for a required thrust level, engine weight may be reduced.
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Degbelo, Auriol, and Brhane Bahrishum Teka. "Spatial search strategies for open government data." In GIR'19: 13th Workshop on Geographic Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3371140.3371142.

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Rosa, Raphael Vicente, and Christian Esteve Rothenberg. "Taking Open vSwitch to the Gym: An Automated Benchmarking Approach." In IV Workshop Pré-IETF. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wpietf.2017.3605.

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Performance benchmarking in Network Function Virtualization (NFV) pose challenging issues due to all moving parts of virtualized infrastructures potentially affecting the packet processing performance of Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs). Despite the advances in best-of-breed network virtualization technologies, the dependencies on the underlying allocated hardware resources, their characteristics and customized configurations, result in benchmarking hazards that call for innovative and standardized testing methodologies towards adequate VNF performance profiling. To this end, we designed and prototyped Gym, a testing framework for automated NFV performance benchmarking we experimentally validated on Open vSwitch as a target VNF. The design principles and implementation of Gym demonstrate an useful apparatus to assist standards organizations formalizing VNF testing methodologies.
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Qasem, Naef, Binash Imteyaz, and M. A. Antar. "Investigation of the Effect of the Top and the Bottom Temperatures on the Performance of Humidification Dehumidification Desalination Systems." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67985.

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Humidification dehumidification process is an attractive small scale water desalination technique in which desalinated water is produced by mimicking the nature’s water cycle. Various modifications to the basic HDH system can be vital in improving the productivity and reducing the production cost of the fresh water. In this study, a closed-air-open-water water-heated (CAOW-WH) cycle and a closed-air-open-water air-heated (CAOW-AH) cycle are modeled and optimized. Effects of mass flow ratio, humidifier and dehumidifier effectiveness, relative humidity, top and bottom temperatures (main concern of study) on the gain output ratio (GOR), the recovery ratio (RR), entropy generation in the system have been analyzed and presented. It has been observed that an optimal mass flow ratio exists for both the cycles, which maximizes the GOR of the system. Moreover, effectiveness of the humidifier and the dehumidifier is an important parameter, which determines the productivity of the systems. Furthermore, a higher GOR can be obtained at low Tmin and high Tmax and at high Tmin and low Tmax for systems heated by a water heater, whereas the GOR of the air heated HDH system increases with increasing both the Tmin and the Tmax for values of humidifier and dehumidifier effectiveness of 0.8. This study provide extended design charts for building an optimum HDH system to produce a pre-determined rate of desalinated water.
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Shumski, Andrei, Dmitry Karpovich, and Roman Gindullin. "Reducing the Effect of White Noise in Gyro Data." In 2020 IEEE Open Conference of Electrical, Electronic and Information Sciences (eStream). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/estream50540.2020.9108776.

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Ralston, J., and C. Hargrave. "Software defined radar: An open source platform for prototype GPR development." In 2012 14th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgpr.2012.6254855.

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Huber, Emanuel, and Guillaume Hans. "RGPR — An open-source package to process and visualize GPR data." In 2018 17th International Conference on Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgpr.2018.8441658.

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Al Shibli, Abdullah, Hilal Al Maamari, Csimiro Griborio, Simeon Adeponle, Hamed AL Wahaibi, Khalid AL Zuhaimi, Hamoud Al Saadi, and Mohammad Bdair. "Autonomous Gas Shut-Off in Gas Oil Gravity Drainage Reservoir, Sultanate of Oman." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200102-ms.

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Abstract FH is one of the largest oil producing assets in the Sultanate of Oman. With more than 30 years of production, the current recovery mechanism from the naturally fractured carbonates is relying 80% on the gas oil gravity drainage (GOGD) process whereby produced formation gas is re-injected into the reservoir for pressure maintenance. Optimizing the GOGD process and hence maximizing oil production is the main objective in FH WRFM strategy. Controlling the formation gas production from subsurface and surface gas capacity handling are the main challenges to unlock reservoir oil potential. Down hole gas shut-off technology has been proposed in 2018 to control high GOR (+1000) producers and minimize formation gas production for more efficient GOGD process. The technology provides a mean for blocking formation gas through autonomous valve compartments installed within a production liner in the open hole section of the horizontal wells. The independent compartments are positioned against the open fractures and the inflow from the fractures to the open hole is controlled autonomously based on the fracture GOR. The valves in each compartment is designed to close against low viscosity fluid (gas) and allow high viscosity (liquids) to flow into the liner. Screening process has identified up to 80 candidates for the technology with a potential gain of up to 6% of the total field production. Formation GOR, well uptime and lateral fracture interference are the top criteria for candidate selection. The full field deployment started in July 2018 after a six months trial period with a target to complete the full scope by 2022. 90% reduction in formation gas has been observed in the wells where gas shut-off technology have been installed. A sustainable oil gain up to 50% has been realized after the gas reduction from the first 14 candidates. In addition to that, a significant improvement in the well uptime from 40% to 80% has also been recognized due to low producing GOR after the technology deployment. The technology has also enabled the re-instatement of long term closed-in wells due to high producing GOR. The originality of the technology lies on the ability of the downhole inflow control valves to react to the gas autonomously and successfully shut off the gas contribution and the same time allow oil to flow.
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Burns, W. K., and R. P. Moeller. "Noise in a High Sensitivity Open-Loop Fiber Optic Gyro." In Optical Fiber Sensors. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofs.1996.we332.

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Reports on the topic "Gyr Operon"

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Cook, Samantha, Marissa Torres, Nathan Lamie, Lee Perren, Scott Slone, and Bonnie Jones. Automated ground-penetrating-radar post-processing software in R programming. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45621.

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Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a nondestructive geophysical technique used to create images of the subsurface. A major limitation of GPR is that a subject matter expert (SME) needs to post-process and interpret the data, limiting the technique’s use. Post-processing is time-intensive and, for detailed processing, requires proprietary software. The goal of this study is to develop automated GPR post-processing software, compatible with Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) data, in open-source R programming. This would eliminate the need for an SME to process GPR data, remove proprietary software dependencies, and render GPR more accessible. This study collected GPR profiles by using a GSSI SIR4000 control unit, a 100 MHz antenna, and a Trimble GPS. A standardized method for post-processing data was then established, which includes static data removal, time-zero correction, distance normalization, data filtering, and stacking. These steps were scripted and automated in R programming, excluding data filtering, which was used from an existing package, RGPR. The study compared profiles processed using GSSI software to profiles processed using the R script developed here to ensure comparable functionality and output. While an SME is currently still necessary for interpretations, this script eliminates the need for one to post-process GSSI GPR data.
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Beck, Aaron. NAPTRAM - Plastiktransportmechanismen, Senken und Interaktionen mit Biota im Nordatlantik / NAPTRAM - North Atlantic plastic transport mechanisms, sinks, and interactions with biota, Cruise No. SO279, Emden (Germany) – Emden (Germany), 04.12.2020 – 05.01.2021. Gutachterpanel Forschungsschiffe Bonn, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_so279.

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The coastal and open oceans represent a major, but yet unconstrained, sink for plastics. It is likely that plastic-biota interactions are a key driver for the fragmentation, aggregation, and vertical transport of plastic litter from surface waters to sedimentary sinks. Cruise SO279 conducted sampling to address core questions of microplastic distribution in the open ocean water column, biota, and sediments. Seven stations were sampled between the outer Bay of Biscay and the primary working area south of the Azores. Additional samples were collected from surface waters along the cruise track to link European coastal and shelf waters with the open ocean gyre. Microplastic samples coupled with geochemical tracer analyses will build a mechanistic understanding of MP transport and its biological impact reaching from coastal seas to the central gyre water column and sinks at the seabed. Furthermore, floating plastics were sampled for microbial community and genetic analyses to investigate potential enzymatic degradation pathways. Cruise SO279 served as the third cruise of a number of connected research cruises to build an understanding of the transport pathways of plastic and microplastic debris in the North Atlantic from the input through rivers and air across coastal seas into the accumulation spots in the North Atlantic gyre and the vertical export to its sink at the seabed. The cruise was an international effort as part of the JPI Oceans project HOTMIC (“HOrizontal and vertical oceanic distribution, Transport, and impact of MICroplastics”) and the BMBF funded project PLASTISEA (‘Harvesting the marine Plastisphere for novel cleaning concepts’), and formed a joint effort of HOTMIC and PLASTISEA researchers from a range of countries and institutes.
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Frank, Olof, Jenny Casey Eriksson, and Tomas Lundén. Open Access vid SLU 2012-2014. SLU-biblioteket, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.1d4j3sb71t.

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Open access (OA) är ett sätt att göra forskningsresultat fritt tillgängliga över internet och har på relativt kort tid blivit en global företeelse som har förändrat hur forskare publicerar sina resultat. Syftet med detta arbete har varit att undersöka metoder för att kunna mäta Sveriges lantbruksuniversitets (SLU) OA-publicering, liksom att ta fram siffror över hur stor andel av SLU:s vetenskapliga artiklar som publiceras OA. Utöver detta syfte, så har vi även undersökt hur OA-andelen fördelar sig mellan olika typer av OA (s.k. guld, grön och hybrid), vilka tidskrifter SLU:s forskare mest frekvent publicerar i, samt hur andelen OA ser ut på SLU:s institutioner. Mätningen har begränsats till refereegranskade tidskriftsartiklar publicerade under åren 2012-2014. Publikationsdata hämtades ur publikationsdatabasen SLUpub. För artiklar som har publicerats i OA-tidskrifter (guld OA) har SLUpub-datan samkörts med data från Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). För parallellpublicerade artiklar (grön OA) har vi räknat antal artiklar i Epsilon, SLU:s öppna arkiv. För OA-artiklar publicerade i prenumerationstidskrifter (hybrid OA) genomfördes en stickprovskontroll utifrån ett randomiserat urval av hela underlaget. Resultat: andelen artiklar för hela SLU under perioden 2012-2014 var 4543. Av dessa var 790 tillgängliga guld OA vilket innebär 17,3 procent av den totala publiceringen. Trenden är uppåtgående då OA-andelen för 2012 var 16,3 procent och för 2014 19,2 procent. Andelen gröna OA-artiklar som återfanns i Epsilon och som inte kunde avskrivas som guld OA uppgick till 175 st. Dessa publikationer utgör 3,8 procent av det totala antalet publicerade artiklar under perioden. Stickprovet av det randomiserade urvalet visade på en andel hybrid OA på 16,5 procent av den totala artikelpubliceringen, vilket endast ska ses som en indikation. I rapporten redovisas även de tidskrifter som SLU-forskare publicerat mest i under perioden 2012-2014, där PLoS ONE med god marginal innehar förstaplatsen. Andelen OA på institutionsnivå redovisar endast resultat för guld OA, inte grön eller hybrid OA pga. att strukturerad data för dessa är resurskrävande att få fram. I slutsatserna diskuteras att SLU publicerar en relativt låg andel grön OA och att det även finns tämligen stora skillnader mellan institutionernas OA-publicering. Rapporten ger rekommendationer för SLU-bibliotekets vidare arbete, såsom att ta fram en förnyad strategi för utformning av stöd till grön OA och till institutioner som idag generellt publicerar OA i liten utsträckning.
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