Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'GvL and GvHD'
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Stokes, Jessica, Emely A. Hoffman, Yi Zeng, Nicolas Larmonier, and Emmanuel Katsanis. "Post-transplant bendamustine reduces GvHD while preserving GvL in experimental haploidentical bone marrow transplantation." WILEY-BLACKWELL, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621784.
Full textMapara, Markus Y. "Untersuchungen im Mausmodell zu den Effekten von Spenderlymphozyteninfusionen nach allogener Knochenmaktransplantation." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969434375.
Full textAnthony, Bryan Alan. "THE ROLE OF CD103 EXPRESSION IN PROMOTING INTESTINAL GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1324750762.
Full textCattina, Federica <1983>. "Studio dei polimorfismi genici degli antigeni minori di istocompatibilità e GvHD/GvL nel trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali emopoietiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5672/1/Cattina_Federica_tesi.pdf.
Full textThe outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) is closely related to graft versus host disease (GvHD) and graft versus leukemia (GvL) effects which, in part, are mediated by mHAgs. Twenty-six mHAgs have been identified and reported to be differently and variably correlated with GVHD or GVL, but a simultaneous method to genotype a so large panel of mHAgs has never been employed. The aim of this work has been to develop a feasible method to genotype all the 26 mHAgs described so far and to test them for their correlation with GVHD and GVL in a group of donor/recipient pairs submitted to allo-SCT. For a multi-genotyping of 23 mHAgs we used iPlex Gold Mass Array technology (3 multiplex). For the other three mHAgs we designed other three assays based on conventional molecular biology. By these methods, we tested the 26 mHAgs in 46 donor/recipient pairs full-matched that underwent allo-SCT (sibling or MUD) because of Philadelphia positive CML (n=46) or ALL-Ph+ (n=24). Maldi-Tof IPlex Gold technology proved a high degree of efficiency (98.6%). As expected, sibling pairs showed most identity of MUD pairs. Notably, donor/recipient mismatch on ACC-1, ACC-4, ACC-5, LB-MTHFD1-1Q, UGT2B17, DPH1, LRH1 can drive GvHD effect (p<0.01). Next we identified that LB-ADIR1 can enhance (p=ns, but there is a trend) GvL effect specially on ALL-Ph+ that is otherwise un-responsible to allo-immunotherapy. Our data generated by a multi-genotype technique confirm the role of mHAgs in addressing GvL (in some cases without GvHD) and suggest that a study of mHAgs could be perfomed before transplant in order to better investigate the role of the known and new mHAgs involved in GvHD and GvL effects.
Cattina, Federica <1983>. "Studio dei polimorfismi genici degli antigeni minori di istocompatibilità e GvHD/GvL nel trapianto allogenico di cellule staminali emopoietiche." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/5672/.
Full textThe outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (Allo-SCT) is closely related to graft versus host disease (GvHD) and graft versus leukemia (GvL) effects which, in part, are mediated by mHAgs. Twenty-six mHAgs have been identified and reported to be differently and variably correlated with GVHD or GVL, but a simultaneous method to genotype a so large panel of mHAgs has never been employed. The aim of this work has been to develop a feasible method to genotype all the 26 mHAgs described so far and to test them for their correlation with GVHD and GVL in a group of donor/recipient pairs submitted to allo-SCT. For a multi-genotyping of 23 mHAgs we used iPlex Gold Mass Array technology (3 multiplex). For the other three mHAgs we designed other three assays based on conventional molecular biology. By these methods, we tested the 26 mHAgs in 46 donor/recipient pairs full-matched that underwent allo-SCT (sibling or MUD) because of Philadelphia positive CML (n=46) or ALL-Ph+ (n=24). Maldi-Tof IPlex Gold technology proved a high degree of efficiency (98.6%). As expected, sibling pairs showed most identity of MUD pairs. Notably, donor/recipient mismatch on ACC-1, ACC-4, ACC-5, LB-MTHFD1-1Q, UGT2B17, DPH1, LRH1 can drive GvHD effect (p<0.01). Next we identified that LB-ADIR1 can enhance (p=ns, but there is a trend) GvL effect specially on ALL-Ph+ that is otherwise un-responsible to allo-immunotherapy. Our data generated by a multi-genotype technique confirm the role of mHAgs in addressing GvL (in some cases without GvHD) and suggest that a study of mHAgs could be perfomed before transplant in order to better investigate the role of the known and new mHAgs involved in GvHD and GvL effects.
LOCAFARO, GRAZIA. "In vitro generation and in vivo characterization of IL-10 engineered T cells suitable for adoptive immunotherapy." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/83945.
Full textT regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells are a subset of CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells induced in the periphery and characterized by IL-10 production. During the last decade much effort has been dedicated to establish suitable methods for Tr1 cell generation in vitro for Treg-cell based therapy. We demonstrated that Tr1 cells can be generated in vitro in an antigen-specific manner with recombinant IL-10 or IL-10-producing tolerogenic DC-10. Proof-of-principle clinical trials in allo-HSCT demonstrated the safety of Treg-based cell therapy with these Tr1 cells. However, Tr1 cell cultures generated with the above mentioned methods include a fraction of non-Tr1 cells that may limit the efficacy of immunotherapy with Tr1 cells. To overcome this limitation we developed a protocol to generate Tr1 (CD4IL-10) cells using a Lentiviral Vector (LV) encoding for human IL-10 and , as marker gene. We showed that enforced IL-10 expression confers Tr1 phenotype and functions to human CD4+ T cells, including killing of myeloid cells. Moreover, adoptive transfer of CD4IL-10 cells into immune-deficient mice suppresses xeno-GvHD (Andolfi G. and Fousteri G., Mol Ther 2012). However, it is still unclear whether adoptive therapy with CD4IL-10 cells can affect Graft versus Leukemia (GvL) activity. The aims of my PhD project are: 1. to define whether killing mediated by CD4IL-10 cells is super-imposable to that of classical Tr1 cells and to validate the use of polyclonal CD4IL-10 cells as cell therapy in humanized pre-clinical models of GvL and GvHD; 2. to develop a new in vitro protocol to generate an homogeneous population of allo-antigen specific IL-10-producing Tr1 cells by LV-IL-10 gene transfer. To achieve the first aim the cytotoxic activity of polyclonal CD4IL-10 cells has been tested against a panel of primary blasts. In vitro studies show that the cytolysis of CD4IL-10 cells is HLA-class I- and granzyme B-dependent, is specific for CD13+ cells, and requires CD54-mediated adhesion and CD112 expression on target primary leukemic blasts. Moreover, in vivo studies show that adoptive transfer of CD4IL-10 cells in humanized models prevents xeno-GvHD mediated by human allogeneic T cells, while sparing their GvL capacity. In addition, we prove that CD4IL-10 T cells have potent anti-leukemia effects also in vivo. To achieve the second aim human naive CD4+ T cells were co-cultured with allogeneic in vitro differentiated mature DC. During second stimulation T cells are transduced with LV-IL-10, and CD4IL-10 cells are selected, expanded, and functionally characterized. Upon allo-antigen specific stimulation, CD4IL-10 cells secrete significantly higher levels of IL-10 and comparable amounts of IFN- compared to control cells, and display an anergic and suppressive phenotype. Overall, results from these studies provide a strong rationale for the use of CD4IL-10 cells to prevent GvHD while preserving GvL in allo-HSCT to cure myeloid malignancies and represent the first step for the development of allo-antigen specific Tr1 cells and will contribute to increase the use of Tr1-based immunotherapy, inducing tolerance to selected antigens, while minimizing general immune suppression.
Heidenreich, Martin [Verfasser], and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Edinger. "Auswirkungen einer GVHD auf das B-Zell-Kompartiment und die Bedeutung indirekter GVL-Effekte gegen B-Zell-Lymphome / Martin Heidenreich ; Betreuer: Matthias Edinger." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1231076143/34.
Full textWermuth, Marieke [Verfasser], Gerald [Akademischer Betreuer] Wulf, and Tim [Akademischer Betreuer] Beissbarth. "Die Rolle von Zytokin- und Zytokinrezeptorgenvariationen für die Ausprägung von GvHD und GvL nach allogener Blutstammzelltransplantation bei Patienten mit hämatologischer Neoplasie / Marieke Wermuth. Gutachter: Gerald Wulf ; Tim Beissbarth. Betreuer: Gerald Wulf." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1048219739/34.
Full textGonçalves, Alice Dahmer. "Caracterização das células natural killer (NK) circulantes no sangue periférico precocemente após o transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/179881.
Full textAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an option of treatment for a variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is its main complication. Natural Killer cells (NK) are the first lymphocytes to recover after HSCT. In addition to the ability to promote graft versus leukemia effect (GVL), donor NK cells appear to be capable of promoting engraftment and preventing the development of GVHD. NK cells comprise approximately 10% of peripheral blood lymphocytes and are characterized phenotypically by the expression of the CD56 surface antigen and absence of CD3 (CD56 + CD3-). The CD56dim (low density of antigen) NK cell subtype is naturally more cytotoxic than the CD56bright (high density of antigen) subtype which is characterized by the ability to produce cytokines. Based on this, the objective of the study is to evaluate the presence of NK cells on days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after allogeneic and autologous HSCT, characterizing their frequency, their immunophenotype and their capacity to produce hematopoietic growth factors and related cytokines.
Forcade, Edouard. "Immunobiologie de la GVH chronique humain : dérégulation de la réaction du centre germinatif et implication de la réponse Th17." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0439/document.
Full textChronic GVHD (cGVHD) remains a major complication of allogeneic stem cell transplantation and its pathogenesis poorly understood. Previous reports established the role of T cells and B cells during cGVHD, but the quality of their interaction and T cell subsets involved remain to be defined. T cell – B cell crosstalk occurs in the germinal center generating memory B cells and high affinity antibody secreting cells consecutively to signals provided by T follicular helper cells (TFH) which are tightly controlled by a regulatory subset (TFR). The opportunity to interrogate events occurring in the germinal center through the analysis of their circulating contingent (c), allowed us to better understand cGVHD pathogenesis. cTFH phenotypic signature suggest an enhanced function during cGVHD, confirmed in functional studies, and correlating with observed B cell phenotype. In addition, regulatory mechanisms appeared defective during cGVHD, as cTFR showed a numerical deficiency, explained by a defect in resistance to apoptosis and low proliferative capacity. We also studied a T cell subset expressing CD4+CD146+CCR5+, giving the capacity to migrate through endothelial structures and toward inflammatory sites. This population is significantly increased during cGVHD, and cGVHD murine models receiving splenocytes from CD146-/- mice showed improved clinical score. CD146 expression is associated with a Th17 polarization justifying a treatment by TMP778 (RORγt inhibitor) improving cGVHD in mice. The analysis of these different populations revealed an abnormal effector-regulator balance and potential therapeutic targets to evaluate in clinic
Aveni-Piney, Maud D'. "Le rôle immunomodulateur dans la réponse allo-immune de cellules hématopoïétiques mobilisées par du G-CSF." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T021.
Full textAllogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is the most effective immunotherapy for acute leukemia, due to the development of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect mediated by alloreactive donor T cells. However, donor T cells specific for recipient alloantigens are also responsible for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a life-threatening complication that frequently occurs after allo-HSCT. The administration of Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is routinely performed to collect Peripheral Blood Stem Cells (PBSC) from healthy donors for allo-HSCT. Few studies identified that G-CSF can induce myeloid suppressive cells in mice (CD11b+ Gr1+) with no human counterpart. We demonstrated in our study that G-CSF can induce a new population named CD34+Monocyte. The cumulative incidence of acute grade II to IV GVHD following allo-HSCT was lower in patients receiving grafts containing CD34+ monocyte frequencies above 12% of the CD34+ population. In mice, we demonstrated that G-CSF mobilized a highly conserved CD34+ monocyte population. CD34+Monocytes require T cell-mediated IFN-γ to produce Nitric Oxide that inhibits T cell activation and proliferation. In vivo, we report that CD34+ monocyte-derived NO regulates the alloreactive response by inducing T cell apoptosis and subsequently, the induction of regulatory T cells. In fact, uptake of apoptotic T cells by macrophages triggers them to produce high levels of TGF-β that drives the expansion of Tregs and induces immune tolerance. Such tolerogenic monocytes could represent a good candidate for the development of novel immunoregulatory and therapeutic cellular therapies
Coman, Tereza. "Rôle des lymphocytes NKT invariants humains dans régulation de la réponse alloimmune." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS166.
Full textThe occurrence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is a major source of mortality and morbidity and new therapeutic advances are urgently needed. Despite the numerous immunomodulatory properties depicted for the iNKT lymphocytes, there are few studies of these lymphocytes in human allo-SCT and GVHD setting. We previously reported that a higher iNKT reconstitution in patients after allo-SCT and higher graft CD4- iNKT expansion rates, were associated with reduced risk of aGVHD in patients. In this study we aimed to assess a direct immune regulatory role of CD4+ or CD4- iNKT subsets and their mechanisms of action during the allo-immune response. We demonstrated that the human iNKT CD4- subset, but not the CD4+ subset, was associated with reduced xeno-GVHD and prolonged survival of humanized NSG mice infused with human PBSC with or without iNKT cells. We also concomitantly showed, both in vitro and in vivo, that human iNKT CD4- could dampen Th1 and Th17 conventional T cell allo and xeno-responses as well as T cell activation markers. In addition, whereas iNKT CD4+ could stimulate DC maturation, iNKT CD4- induced their apoptosis, in vitro and in vivo. We did not observe any impact on regulatory T cells and conventional T cell proliferation. iNKT CD4- did not impact the engraftment of human cells in NSG mice. We conclude that, by contrast with mice, in humans, the CD4- subset and not their CD4+ counterpart can directly down-regulate the allo-immune response. These results obtained in a robust humanized preclinical xeno-GVH mice model could open new strategies of cellular therapy in the prevention of acute GVHD
Berrie, Jennifer. "DISTINCT T CELL CLONES ARE ASSOCIATED WITH GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST DISEASE (GVHD), AND POTENTIALLY GRAFT-VERSUS-TUMOR (GVT), RESPONSES FOLLOWING ALLOGENEIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION." VCU Scholars Compass, 2011. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2450.
Full textMasson, d'Autume Adèle de. "Lymphocytes B régulateurs dans la GVH chronique humaine et rôle de la myosine 18A dans la cytotoxicité des lymphocytes NK." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC177/document.
Full textAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative treatment for many patients with haematological malignancies. In almost half of the cases, it is complicated by chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Regulatory B cells are a population of B cells secreting interleukin (IL)-10 that can inhibit the immune responses. We have shown that in patients with active cGVHD, the frequency of regulatory B cells is decreased in the peripheral blood. Regulatory B cells are enriched in the memory B cell and plasmablast B cell pools. Increased plasmablasts frequencies and decreased memory B cells frequencies were found in patients with active cGVHD, suggesting alterations in the terminal differentiation of B cells. Our work also focused on NK cells that have a cytotoxic role. We identified one surface receptor of NK cells, CD245, as myosin 18A. Myosin 18A is involved in the organization of the cytoskeleton and is a receptor of the surfactant A. We have shown that myosin 18A was a coactivating receptor of the NK cytotoxicity and that this increase in cytotoxicity could be linked to the stimulation of the expression of CD137 (4-1BB) on the surface of the NK lymphocyte. These results suggest a potential therapeutic role of the use of specific CD245 agonist antibodies
Patuelli, Claudia. "Implementation, set up and validation of multiplex qualitative two-step RT-PCR based on TaqMan® method for the diagnosis of viruses in Vitis vinifera L." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020.
Find full textTrenado-Bauquet, Aurélie. "Utilisation des propriétés immunosuppressives des lymphocytes T CD4+CD5+ dans l' alloréactivité pour contrôler la maladie du greffon contre l' hôte (GVH)." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066254.
Full textArlandis, Julien. "Etude de la mise en forme spatio-temporelle de la lumière dans les cristaux photoniques et les métamatériaux." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CLF22316/document.
Full textXystrakis, Emmanuel. "Caractérisation des réponses alloréactives des lymphocytes T séparés en fonction de l'expression de l'antigène CD45RC : rôle potentiel dans l'allogreffe de moelle osseuse." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30002.
Full textMesel-Lemoine, Mariana. "Les lymphocytes T suppresseurs : caractérisation et utilisation thérapeutique." Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066633.
Full textLama, Lucas Sacchini Del. "Caracterização e adaptação do dosímetro Fricke para dosimetria em irradiação de sangue." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-11112013-115906/.
Full textThe Transfusion Associated Graft Versus Host Disease (TA-GVHD) is a rare transfusion reaction, however fatal, which develops due to the presence of donor T lymphocytes in the donated blood and that can be avoided by the irradiation of the donated blood blood and blood components prior to transfusion. Thus, the associated quality control of blood irradiation is necessary to guarantee the quality of the transfused product. In this work it is proposed the characterization and adaptation of the response of a Fricke dosimeter to be used for dosimetry of blood irradiation, more especiafically the Fricke Xylenol Gel (FXG). This is a radiochromic chemical dosimeter, which presents advantages to be tissue equivalent and allows the spatial absorbed dose inference. In this manner, in a way to possibilitate the absorbed dose inference in the full interval used for the prevention of the TA-GVHD (25 to 50 Gy) the FXG was characterized and adapted for dosimetry applications involving blood and blood components irradiation. The results with the new dosimeter showed adequability for the necessary absorbed doses, with satisfactory sensibility and time fading for routine applications. Furthermore, according to the methodology proposed in this work, it was possible to determine the spatial absorbed dose distributions with the new dosimeter in an fast and simple way, showing that this dosimeter presents convenient characteristics for dosimetry quality control of irradiated the blood and blood components.
Thiant, Stéphanie. "Les cytokines homéostatiques, IL-7 et IL-15, au cours de l'allogreffe de CSH : leurs évolutions selon le conditionnement et leurs valeurs prédictives de la GVH aiguë et de la rechute." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625482.
Full textPascal, Laurent. "Les dilemmes de l'allogreffe de sang placentaire explorés au travers de deux alternatives thérapeutiques : le sérum anti-lymphocytaire in vivo, l'interleukine-7 in vitro." Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL2S064/document.
Full textThe placental blood graft provides access to indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (CSH) in the absence of availability of a compatible unrelated donor
Bernard, Isabelle. "Caractérisation des propriétés alloréactives des sous populations lymphocytaires TCD4 et T CD8 CD45RChigh/CD45RClow : rôle dans l'allogreffe de moëlle osseuse." Toulouse 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU30070.
Full textHaematopoietic allograft is the most powerful treatment against haematological malignancies. But allogeneic mature T lymphocytes present in the haematopoietic transplant are responsible for a major complication: the graft against the host (GVHD). The development of new strategies to modulate the alloreactivity of T cells in the transplant is thus necessary to prevent GVHD. This work shows that CD45RC expressed by T lymphocytes in the rat and in the humans, allows to distinguish distinct T cell subsets with different alloreactive functions. The CD45RChigh subset contains alloreactive lymphocytes responsible for GVHD, while the CD45RClow subset contains regulatory T lymphocytes capable of controlling this disease. This work suggests that D45RC could be a predictive marker of the GVHD evolution, improving the efficiency of this treatment
Wermuth, Marieke. "Die Rolle von Zytokin- und Zytokinrezeptorgenvariationen für die Ausprägung von GvHD und GvL nach allogener Blutstammzelltransplantation bei Patienten mit hämatologischer Neoplasie." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5E2B-2.
Full textLi, Hu. "Mechanisms of Glucocorticoids in the modulation of Graft-versus-Host Disease and the Graft-versus-Leukemia Reaction." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/21.11130/00-1735-0000-0005-1441-B.
Full textGlaser, Jakob. "Analyse der microRNA-Expression in humanen CD4+ T Zellen nach Behandlung mit dem CD4-gerichteten MAX.16H5 Antikörper in einem in vitro Stimulationsmodell." 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74999.
Full textCournoyer, Élise. "Évaluation de l'activité anti-leucémique des cellules T traitées par photodéplétion au TH9402." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/18861.
Full textBoulos, Sandra. "Étude des fonctions immunomodulatrices des lymphocytes T « Doubles-Négatifs »." Thèse, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6095.
Full textGraft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients receiving an allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). Many regulatory T cell populations have been studied and shown to have immunosuppressive properties in GvHD. Among these populations, Double Negative CD4-CD8-TCRαβ+ regulatory T cells (DN T) have been described. These cells represent 1-3% of all T cell lymphocytes and are known to have antigen-specific inhibitory functions of the immune response. The suppression of an immune response by DN T cells seems to be an important mechanism involved in the induction of tolerance to allo-antigens. Moreover, these cells also confer immune tolerance in models of allogeneic and xenogenic grafts. DN T cells have the ability to suppress syngeneic T CD4+ and T CD8+ cells in an antigen-specific manner. Therefore, these DN T cells can inhibit the reaction caused by syngeneic effector cells against a specific alloantigen to which they have been previously exposed. However, they cannot inhibit a reaction directed against an unknown alloantigen. Human DN T cells have been isolated and characterized as cells that have the capacity to interact with APCs by cell-to-cell contact, just like in mice. However, their immunomodulatory properties are still unknown in humans. The goal of our project was to study the role and immunomodulatory functions of human DN T cells in Mixed Lymphocyte Reactions (MLR). The MLRs have allowed us to demonstrate that DN T cells, after having been stimulated by an allo-antigen, have an antigen-specific inhibitory function towards the syngeneic effector cells reacting against the same alloantigen that they have been exposed to. Interestingly, they do not inhibit the reaction of these effector cells against an unknown alloantigen. However, stimulated DN T cells did not modulate the expression of the activation markers expressed by the effector cells and did not give a death signal to these cells either. Moreover, we also wanted to study how DN T cells have an immunosuppressive activity. Therefore, we compared the expression of Granzyme B in stimulated versus non-stimulated cells. Our results suggest that DN T cells may use the Granzyme B pathway to immunosuppress the effector cells. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that DN T cells have an antigen-specific inhibitory function. The mechanism used by these DN T cells remains to be confirmed with our future experiments.
Huang, Hsiao-Mei. "An Innovative Business Model for Online Cosmetics: A Group Volume Discount (GVD)-Based Approach." 2008. http://www.cetd.com.tw/ec/thesisdetail.aspx?etdun=U0001-2506200810134700.
Full textWang, Jieyu. "Ultrashort Pulse Propagation in the Linear Regime." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7362.
Full textShiao, Meng-Hua, and 蕭孟華. "Dynamic Path Planning under Randomly Distributed Obstacle Configuration – a Study Based on GVD, D* Lite and SVM." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60572790418951140504.
Full text淡江大學
機械與機電工程學系碩士班
99
In real applications, a path planning under dynamic environment change is a practical and important topic for the grounded mobile robot. The study elementarily employs the methods of generalized Voronoi tessellation (GVT) and D* Lite shortest path algorithm for the topic. With the excellence of less computation, the topology of scatted waypoint configuration for mapping the terrain is first chosen for the real-time replanning request. The elementary methods are hence theoretically modified to fit adequately the waypoint topology. The modification seeks a swift solution to respond a replanning request corresponding to a waypoint topology change. The sub-sequential processes: waypoint topology change, GVT, and D* Lite form a pre-processing planner. It can be applied standalone to provide an optimized piecewise linear path for robot reaction. With an additional support vector machine (SVM) post-processing smoother, it can also provide a wide-margin safe and smooth path. The smooth path is optimized, too. The solid development based on the waypoint topology, instead of the quantized grid-map of previous researchers, is the most important contribution of the study. With small scaled experiments, evidential results show consistently the model is promising for a great improvement in applications and achieve the original goal of the study.
Zhu, Yunhui. "Theory and Application of SBS-based Group Velocity Manipulation in Optical Fibers." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8236.
Full textAll-optical devices have attracted many research interests due to their ultimately low heat dissipation compared to conventional devices based on electric-optical conversion. With recent advances in nonlinear optics, it is now possible to design the optical properties of a medium via all-optical nonlinear effects in a table-top device or even on a chip.
In this thesis, I realize all-optical control of the optical group velocity using the nonlinear process of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers. The SBS-based techniques generally require very low pump power and offer a wide transparent window and a large tunable range. Moreover, my invention of the arbitrary SBS resonance tailoring technique enables engineering of the optical properties to optimize desired function performance,
which has made the SBS techniques particularly widely adapted for
various applications.
I demonstrate theoretically and experimentally how the all-optical
control of group velocity is achieved using SBS in optical fibers.
Particularly, I demonstrate that the frequency dependence of the
wavevector experienced by the signal beam can be tailored using
multi-line and broadband pump beams in the SBS process. Based on the theoretical framework, I engineer the spectral profile
to achieve two different application goals: a uniform low group velocity (slow light) within a broadband spectrum, and a group velocity with a linear dependence on the frequency detuning (group velocity dispersion or GVD).
In the broadband SBS slow light experiment, I develop a novel noise current modulation method that arbitrarily tailors the spectrum of a diode laser. Applying this method, I obtain a 5-GHz broadband SBS gain with optimized flat-topped profile, in comparison to the ~40 MHz natural linewidth of the SBS resonance. Based on the broadband SBS resonance, I build a 5-GHz optical buffer and use this optical buffer to delay a return-to-zero data sequence of rate 2.5 GHz (pulse width 200 ps). The fast noise modulation method significantly stabilizes the SBS gain and improves the signal fidelity. I obtain a tunable delay up to one pulse-width with a peak signal-to-noise ratio of 7. I also find that SBS slow light performance can be improved by avoiding competing nonlinear effects. A gain-bandwidth product of 344 dB.GHz is obtained in our system with a highly-nonlinear optical fiber.
Besides the slow light applications, I realize that group velocity dispersion is also optically controlled via the SBS process. In the very recent GVD experiment, I use a dual-line SBS resonance and obtain a tunable GVD parameter of 7.5 ns$^2$/m, which is 10$^9$ times larger than the value found in a single-mode fiber. The large GVD system is used to disperse an optical pulse with a pulse width of 28 ns, which is beyond the capability for current dispersion techniques working in the picosecond and sub picosecond region. The SBS-based all-optical control of GVD is also widely tunable and can
be applied to any wavelength within the transparent window of the
optical fiber. I expect many future extensions following this work
on the SBS-based all-optical GVD control using the readily developed SBS tailoring techniques.
Finally, I extend the basic theory of backwards SBS to describe the forward SBS observed in a highly nonlinear fiber, where asymmetric forward SBS resonances are observed at the gigahertz range. An especially large gain coefficient of 34.7 W$^{-1}$ is observed at the resonance frequency of 933.8 MHz. This is due to good overlap between the optical wave and the high order guided radial acoustic wave. The interplay from the competing process known as the Kerr effect is also accounted for in the theory.
Dissertation