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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guilt'
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Pugh, Lauren. "Guilt, distress and ways of coping with guilty thoughts in a clinical sample." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/guilt-distress-and-ways-of-coping-with-guilty-thoughts-in-a-clinical-sample(083f5c02-44d6-4959-b18b-e7e924cf5129).html.
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This thesis explores the role of guilt in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and ways of coping with guilt-related thoughts in a clinical sample. The thesis is presented as three papers that include a review of the literature, an empirical research study and critical appraisal of the research process. In the first paper, the author provides a systematic review of 27 studies to determine whether an association exists between guilt and symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Guilt remains an associated feature of PTSD; however, how these two constructs might be linked is not fully understood. Therefore the current review further evaluated the evidence for four competing models conceptualising the guilt-PTSD relationship. Overall, trauma-related guilt was positively related to PTSD symptomology even when controlling for depression. Guilt cognitions reflecting self-blame, perceived responsibility and wrongdoing were frequently associated with PTSD symptoms. Few studies found guilt was no longer related to PTSD symptomology when controlling for shame. Future studies ought to control for overlapping or confounding variables and further explore factors that may mediate the guilt-PTSD relationship such as coping. The second paper provided preliminary validation of a newly developed and unique measure of coping with guilty thoughts (GLAMS) in a clinical sample. A total of 67 participants from primary care services completed the GLAMS and measures of distress, guilt, coping and thought control. Eighteen completed the GLAMS and distress measure two weeks later. Overall the GLAMS evidenced moderate to high internal consistency and acceptable to good concurrent validity. Maladaptive subscales were found to be reliable over time. Higher self-punishment was related to greater guilt and distress and more mindful coping was related to a reduction in guilt supporting construct validity. Future research is required to test the stability of the GLAMS factor structure in a larger clinical sample. The GLAMS may have clinical utility in guiding psychological intervention towards more adaptive ways of coping with guilt. It may also provide a suitable outcome measure by monitoring the frequency in which clients engage in maladaptive ways of coping. The final paper provided a critical evaluation and reflection on the research process. Particular reference was made to the research rationale, methodological and ethical issues and considerations were given for future research and clinical practice. Conclusions drawn from this thesis are limited largely by the cross-sectional nature of most of the studies reviewed in paper 1 and insufficient numbers for the empirical study, which due to methodological and service-related constraints, limited further exploration of the data. Factor analysis and subsequent validation of the GLAMS in a larger sample is required to further support inferences drawn.
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Kugler, Karen E. "Guilt conceptualization and measurement /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1989. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9010199.
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Iurino, Charlotte Laura. "In Defense of Guilt." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297654.
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Guilt is routinely characterized as an emotion that is not central to morality. Guilt is often described in blanket terms that characterize it as a negative emotion that is harmful to the self, and that does not motivate people to act in pro-social ways. Some argue that guilt should be eliminated from our repertoire of moral emotions altogether. In this paper, I will defend the role of guilt in moral life. First, guilt has an important function in moral motivation. Psychological studies suggest that guilt motivates us to maintain our interpersonal relationships and cooperate with others. Additionally, guilt may play an important role in moral development, aiding in the acquisition of a moral sense. For these reasons, I will argue that it is morally appropriate to feel guilt, and that the cost of guilt is outweighed by its benefits. Therefore, guilt should not be eliminated from our repertoire of moral emotions, as this would eliminate an essential feature of moral life.
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Ury, Christine Ingrid. "Primitive guilt in psychoanalytic theory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26747.pdf.
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Hall, Alison Jane. "Guilt, suffering and the psyche." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2010. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/9134/.
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The topic of this thesis is guilt. The thesis begins by considering the broad context of guilt as conceptualised across the humanities and social sciences. It then focuses on the extensive work done on guilt in psychoanalysis. The main contributions to the debates on guilt in psychoanalysis are investigated in detail to isolate the key issues in trying to understand guilt. The key question approached concerns the origin of guilt and its functioning in psychical life. The thesis shows how previous theorists have struggled to identify a plausible explanation for the presence of guilt in mental functioning and in particular for the suffering generated by pathogenic guilt. It argues that there are impasses in the work of Freud, Klein and others that prevent their being able to fully account for guilt. It employs insights and argument from the work of Jacques Lacan to proceed beyond those impasses. While the emphasis in the work of previous theorists was on trying to identify what subjects were really guilty of, beyond their superficial self-reproaches, this thesis argues that the avowal of guilt by subjects functions as a device to keep anxiety at a distance and, functioning as such, it is inherently deceptive. The thesis shows that Lacan revisits problems raised in his Ethics seminar from 1959-60 in 1972-3 in his Seminar XX 'Encore'. The theoretical developments in the later seminar show that the inscription of subjects in a sexed order is regulated by their relation to the signifier and produces differentials in relation to the law and Other jouissance. While most guilt theories argue that guilt is a 'fault' in the human being, Lacan's theoretical work allows us to argue that guilt is a 'fault' that is constructed in the moment of the construction of human subjectivity.
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Voller, Leslie Abigail. "THE GHOSTS OF GUILT AND BETRAYAL." MSSTATE, 2009. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11042009-180119/.
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This creative thesis is comprised of stories that present characters who deal with guilt and betrayal and explores various points of view. My work is informed by Junot Diazs The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, which contains these themes and investigates narration. Surviving Fog centers around survivors guilt, while Coming Full Circle, No Detour in Sight demonstrates how a person can exert expectations on herself due to a religious background and personal values. Perhaps my most provocative story, Beyond the Apple Orchard delves into the emotional and physical betrayal of a father and the daughters struggles to overcome it. Photographic Memories embraces the surreal with a woman who can read photographs, whose story blends past transgressions that bleed into current ones, while Send in the Clowns, Send in the Mob explores herd mentality that stems from fear. Ultimately, each story contains kernels of truth that readers can grasp.
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Frouzesh, Sharareh. "The Use and Abuse of Guilt." Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3566050.
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I pursue the double bind of the political institution through one of its symptoms, guilt, and the relationship between the attribution of guilt and the very law which announces and justifies the double bind of the political institution. My dissertation is an interdisciplinary engagement with various contemporary—explicitly political—invocations of the notion of guilt. Specifically, I'm interested in the ways in which the attribution of guilt to subjects, to leaders, and to institutions operates in various discourses and disciplines, including politics, literature, philosophy, psychoanalysis, and law. These various political uses of the concept of guilt – as criminality (chapters 1 and 2), as femininity (chapter 3), and as homogenized resistance (chapter 4) – are a kind of shorthand, a cover, for the law. I will be arguing that "guilting" operates dominantly as justification, erecting a screen on which the undecidability of the law is simultaneously displaced and projected as the certainty of guilt. The irony is that guilt always reveals the law only in its failure. By guilting "the sovereign" revolutionary movements inaugurate and certify a new law; similarly, the government (judicial, police, and military bureaucracy) preserves the law through the guilting of its supposed others (criminals, the enemy). This desire for the law that the analysis of guilt reveals is a desire to master contingency and difference: it is a desire for a purified, contained, predictable, and thoroughly utopian space of relationality, a site where difference is rendered docile. In following the nuances of different political iterations of guilt as well as its political uses as justification for violence and force, each chapter reveals guilt as a crisis endemic to the law itself. However, in so far as it is a crisis of identity, each chapter, I hope, provides openings through which our own personal and phenomenological attachments to those very identities can be considered and challenged, perhaps allowing for the possibility of a working through those very attachments and the recognition of the irretrievable heterogeneity of their meanings.
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Zimmermann, Anja. "Ingroup wrongdoing : guilt and moral responsibility." Thesis, University of Kent, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497700.
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Nowill, Joanna Elizabeth. "Shame, guilt and mental health problems." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/113729.
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This thesis comprises three main sections: a literature review, research report and a critical appraisal of the research process. The literature reviewed is the current scientific literature relating to shame and guilt. The review attempts to clarify the conceptual confusion regarding shame and guilt and in particular attempts to delineate the distinctions between the two constructs whilst acknowleding the intricate and entwined relationship. The review also attempts to clarify the confusion regarding the role of guilt and its capacity to elicit both adaptive and maladaptive responses according to the way in which it is operationalised and conceptualised. The importance of the relationship between shame, guilt and mental health problems is presented with supporting empirical evidence. It is concluded that a new shame and guilt measure is required to show how shame and the maladaptive and adaptive aspects of guilt can be operationalised. It is hoped that this will enable future researchers to consider incorporating a profile approach to guilt in particular and that clinicians will consider the multiple and complex roles of shame and guilt in relation to psychological symptoms. The research report (Section 2) comprises two studies. Study 1 is the design, development and piloting of the new questionnaire assessing dispositional shame and guilt. The new measure is constructed and validity tested using an inductive approach. Study 2 is the use of the new measure with a forensic clinical sample and the relationship between guilt, shame and psychological symptoms is examined. It is hoped that this study will encourage researchers to locate future investigations within the clinical population. The final section is the researcher's critical appraisal of the research process based on her personal diary. This section is reflective and considers the impact of the research process on the researcher, the highs and lows of the research process and what changes the researcher might make.
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Xuereb, Sharon. "Shame, guilt, and denial in offenders." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2009. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/20892/.
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This thesis examined shame, guilt, and denial in sexual, violent, and general offenders, aiming to reach a clear conceptualisation of these concepts. Hence a measure of shame, guilt, and denial was developed for use with offenders. The research also examined the association of shame, guilt, and denial with more stable variables. Through a consultation with 39 experts, Study 1 identified attributes of shame, guilt, and denial. Study 2 was conducted with 339 male offenders. It was predicted that shame and guilt would not be confirmed as distinct concepts. The emerging model comprised three stable/chronic factors: Chronic distress and low self-worth, Chronic responsibility and self-blame, and Emotional capacity and perspective-taking; and five offence-related factors: Acknowledging responsibility, Distress and rejection, Minimisation of harm, Lack of negative emotion, and Functions of denial. Study 3 was conducted with 349 male and 196 female offenders, and coping styles were examined. It was predicted that chronic and offence-related distress would positively correlate with emotional and avoidant coping, while offence-related distress would also negatively correlate with rational and detached coping. It was also predicted that offence-denial would positively correlate with avoidant coping. These predictions were supported. In addition, the conceptual structure emerging from study 2 was confirmed after three factors with lower reliability were removed; and minor changes to the remalning factors were made. Study 4 was conducted with 405 male offenders, and included measures of self-esteem and maladaptive personality traits. It was predicted that self-esteem would negatively correlate with chronic distress and responsibility, and have a non-significant relationship with offence-denial. It was also predicted that maladaptive personality traits would positively correlate with chronic distress, chronic responsibility, and offencedenial. These predictions were supported, and the proposed concepts were again confirmed after small changes. Contrary to predictions, sexual offenders did not report more chronic distress, offence-related distress, or offence-denial. The current research indicates that distress and responsibility are better able to describe offenders' chronic and offence-related experiences than shame, guilt, and denial. In addition, while literature on offence-denial focuses on sexual offenders, this PhD shows that this concept is valid for all offenders.
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LaGraff, Melissa R. "Exploring Work-Family Guilt and Parenting." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2020/schedule/14.
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One emotion experienced by working parents is guilt, yet this emotion is not often studied within the work-family domain. This presentation will serve to define work-family guilt drawing from empirical and qualitative research on the construct. This presentation will also delineate findings related to work-family guilt for mothers and fathers. Lastly, this presentation will highlight the scarce research into the relationship between work-family guilt and parenting outcomes. It has been suggested by scholars that work-family guilt may influence parenting behaviors which could cause negative consequences for children. This presentation will review two studies examining work-family guilt and parenting practices.
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Blomstedt, Jan. "Shame and guilt : Diderot's moral rhetoric /." Jyväskylä [Finlande] : University of Jyväskylä, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37024811k.
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GOLDENBERG, FERNANDA. "IS IT POSSIBLE TO CONCEIVE A SOCIETY WITHOUT GUILT? THE ROLL OF GUILT IN THE PROCESS OF SUBJECTIVATION." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=13503@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICODiante das transformações ocorridas no processo de transição da modernidade para a contemporaneidade, o presente trabalho questiona o lugar do sentimento de culpa na estrutura social e seu impacto junto às subjetividades. Para tal, são utilizados como referência alguns pensadores da cultura, predominantemente psicanalistas e filósofos, com o intuito de discutir se é a culpa um sentimento imprescindível ou não para o psiquismo humano. Dessa forma, busca-se reunir nesta dissertação diferentes pontos de vista acerca do sentimento de culpa, com o intuito de provocar uma discussão sobre sua relação com a subjetividade contemporânea.
In face of the changes in the process of transition from modernism to contemporary, this paper questions the role of the feeling of guilt in the social structure and its impact on the subjectivities. Therefore, some thinkers of culture were chosen as reference, predominantly psychoanalysts and philosophers, in order to discuss whether or not the guilt is an essential feeling in human psyche. Thus, we attempt to compile in this dissertation different points of view about the feeling of guilt in order to provoke a discussion about their relationship to contemporary subjectivity.
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Booth, Laura M. L. "Counterfactual thinking and guilt in parental grief." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq39175.pdf.
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Magsig, Hailey M. "Shame, Guilt and Society's Conception of Sex." The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05062008-144818/.
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There is a dominant conception of sex in American society that has profound effects on our sexual lives. Often this can be a negative influence because our societys conception is distorted. My thesis considers how this skewed view on sex and sexuality results in the presence of shame and guilt in our sexual lives. I first define societys conception of sex and present it visually through fashion advertising. Each of the pornographic elements (objectification, submission, hierarchy and violence) utilized in advertising are explained. The advertisements are meant to provide a visual portrayal of societys conception of sex, which is relevant to the concept of the gaze; an important aspect of shame. Second, I provide a philosophical account of shame and guilt. I illustrate how our societys conception of sex can instigate these emotions into our sexual lives even though they are often unfounded. Finally, I attempt to resolve the invalid shame and baseless guilt we experience in our sexual lives through the notion of sexual self-respect, which is a variant of the philosophical concept of self-respect. As individuals we have some influence in diminishing the invalid shame and baseless guilt we experience in our sexual lives. However, society has a responsibility to formulate a conception of sex that is more conducive to our actual lived sexual experiences. Therefore, the solution resides in the give and take relationships between the individual and society, between self-respect and respect and between society and the media. I present these changes in societys conception of sex as the possibility of seeing advertising that utilizes erotic elements rather than pornographic elements, and the use of models that more accurately portray us as sexual beings.
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San, A. "Shame, guilt and empathy in sex offenders." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1445039/.
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In this paper I will review literature concerning shame and distinguish it from other similar emotions such as embarrassment and guilt. Shame and guilt are emotional reactions that often occur in response to transgressions, and concern perceived evaluations by others and/or the self. It has been proposed that shame and guilt have very different effects, and that guilt acts as a mediator, whereas shame acts as a barrier to the experience of empathy. Shame and guilt and their relationship to empathy will be explored, and key studies demonstrating their inter-relationships will be critically evaluated. The latter part of this review will focus on sex offenders, and will discuss the relevance of considering and incorporating an understanding of self-conscious emotions in the treatment of sex offenders. The emerging findings concerning shame, guilt and empathy will be explored in light of the fact that empathy training is a significant feature of most sex offender treatment programmes. There is a dearth of research about shame in sex offenders, and its relationship to guilt and empathy in this population, although there is much speculation and some evidence that shame is prevalent within this population. If high levels of shame hinder the experience of empathy, then for those sex offenders who may be unable to, or have great difficulty experiencing empathy due to excessive shame, empathy training as part of their treatment might render them a greater risk. Such training might have the effect of teaching individuals who lack empathy to some degree skills in acting empathically, but may not necessarily enhance the genuine experience of it. Thus, teaching empathy to some sex offenders may have the effect of improving their grooming skills as being able to feign empathy might be useful when it comes to securing victims. Attribution theory is outlined and considered in terms of the treatment of sex offenders, and the view that guilt but not shame should be encouraged when working clinically with sex offenders will be explicated against the backdrop of what is currently known about shame and guilt, and their effects on empathy.
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Semple, Leanne. "Living with dementia : the burden of guilt." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2015. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/76014/.
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Previous research has identified guilt as a significant emotion for both people with dementia and their caregivers. As guilt has been associated with psychopathology and depression, it is important to explore the nature, prevalence and clinical implications of this self-conscious emotion within the context of the dementia caregiving dyad. Chapter 1 presents a critical review of the quantitative and qualitative literature exploring feelings of guilt and caregiver burden in informal caregivers of people with dementia. The paper particularly focuses on evidence regarding the relationship of guilt to the construct of caregiver burden, the conceptualisation and measurement of guilt and burden in dementia caregivers and the factors associated with caregiver guilt and burden. Methodological limitations are discussed in relation to the clarity of the results. Clinical implications and future research suggestions are identified. Chapter 2 presents a mixed methods research paper on the development and validation of a measure of guilt for people with dementia. The results reveal strong item-total correlation in the new scale. Good reliability and convergent validity of the measure are also demonstrated. Study limitations, clinical implications and future directions are discussed. Chapter 3 offers a reflective account of my experience of the research process as well as my reflective learning, personal and professional development during this process and clinical training.
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Antoniou, Florentia. "'Guilt', &, The storyteller and the truth." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2017. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/417236/.
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Guilt is a historical novel set in the second half of the twentieth century (1963 – 1975) in the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. The story begins three years after the island was granted its independence from the British, when intense intercommunal violence between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots was on the rise, and ends several months after the Turkish invasion in the summer of 1974. Guilt follows the life of a Greek Cypriot from her childhood to her adulthood, depicting the difficulty of growing up during politically troubled times as well as the life of women in the seventies in Cyprus. Guilt is a Bildungsroman novel. Although history and politics are in the background of the novel, national emergence often affects the relationship of the heroine with her family, friends and lovers; the public sphere and the private sphere are interlaced. Guilt is a fictional story shaped around familial accounts of the Turkish invasion as well as of the everyday life of Cypriots prior to it, which means the novel is to a certain extent autobiographical. Concerning the structure, the novel is separated into a number of sections, which jump in time, as the memories of the heroine lead the unfolding of events. In the critical commentary, whose title is “The Storyteller and the Truth,” I discuss the novels, books and journals that have helped me write Guilt, redraft it and understand it fully. In the critical commentary, I focus on the autobiographical element, the idea of memories, history and politics, what genre Guilt belongs in, and finally, the relationship between nation and gender. There is a dearth of Cypriot literature and I wish Guilt can contribute to change that fact as well as draw attention to a country that is often either forgotten or seen merely as a tourist destination.
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Wagner, Eva. "Fate and guilt concepts in Grillparzer's tragedies." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1989. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/26230.
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In the wider context of theories of the tragic, and of tragedy, this thesis seeks to bring the terms "tragic" and "tragedy" closer together again, byfirst of all emphasizing the irresolvable nature of the tragic in general. It is found in the history of tragedy in general, that such tragic irrationality has usually been rationalized by means of fate and guilt concepts, which serve to restore some ultimate order or meaningfulness. In rare instances, the many different forms of such concepts "cancel each other out" in equivalent, although directly opposed potential explanations of the tragic, thus re-exposing its basic irreconcilable nature.
The tragedies of Grillparzer (and King Lear in the introduction) are used here as models for this theory, showing how they consider all major "solutions" to the tragic, without adhering to any one at the exclusion of others (with some exceptions, where a fate concept or some clear-cut guilt and expiation can be observed, which is therefore not considered tragic).
Particular features of such essential tragedies are then, in this view, an awareness of major fate and guilt concepts without adhering to only one, a merging of such concepts usually in irrational love, and a characteristic "open" end, which raises many questions, but does not give answers. Such multiplicity of meaning is also reflected in the extreme range of contradictory interpretations of such tragedies, as in the case of Grillparzer.
There are three main parts, the first presenting a general discussion of this new theory of the tragic, an outline of the history of tragedy, and the methodology. The second part contains interpretations of Grillparzer‘s ten completed dramas with regard to their tragic nature and to fate and guilt concepts in particular, always taking into account wnflicting secondary literature. The third consists of a summary, a general discussion of Grillparzer as a tragedian, and a proposal for solving the dilemma experienced by many interpreters in this context.
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Pietrangelo, John Joseph 1947. "Consequences of guilt in children and adolescents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291818.
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The role of guilt within the context of interpersonal relationships, the definitions of guilt, the origins of guilt, and whether or not outcomes associated with guilt tend to be negative or positive are the focus of this research paper. Four hundred and seventy-two (472) articles, covering a period of thirty-three years (33), were tabulated as to their perspective concerning the phenomenon of guilt. A determination was made as to whether each article leaned toward presenting guilt as a negative or positive influence pertaining to human behavior and/or interaction. It is hypothesized that the literature reflects significantly more negative outcomes associated with guilt than it does positive outcomes; that, overall, guilt can be said to have but little constructive use in human behavior and/or interaction. The findings of this study support the hypothesis.
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Disque, J. Graham. "Narrative Therapy: Deconstructing Guilt and Reauthoring Innocence." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 1997. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2830.
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Walter, Jamie L. "The Emergence of the Capacity for Guilt in Preschoolers: The Role of Personal Responsibility in Differentiating Shame from Guilt." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/WalterJL2001.pdf.
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Hill, Matthew Blake. "America, Viet Nam, and the poetics of guilt." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1402.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: English Language and Literature. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Glendinning, Eleanor Ruth. "Guilt, redemption and reception : representing Roman female suicide." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13450/.
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This thesis examines representations of Roman female suicide in a variety of genres and periods from the history and poetry of the Augustan age (especially Livy, Ovid, Horace, Propertius and Vergil), through the drama and history of the early Principate (particularly Seneca and Tacitus), to some of the Church fathers (Tertullian, Jerome and Augustine) and martyr acts of Late Antiquity. The thesis explores how the highly ambiguous and provocative act of female suicide was developed, adapted and reformulated in historical, poetic, dramatic and political narratives. The writers of antiquity continually appropriated this controversial motif in order to comment on and evoke debates about issues relating to the moral, social and political concerns of their day: the ethics of a voluntary death, attitudes towards female sexuality, the uses and abuses of power, and traditionally expected female behaviour. In different literary contexts, and in different periods of Roman history, writers and thinkers engaged in this same intellectual exercise by utilising the suicidal female figure in their works.
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Cho, Eunae. "Daily Recovery from Work: The Role of Guilt." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4456.
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Acknowledging the critical role that occupational factors play in employee health, researchers have tried to understand ways to reduce the harmful effects of work on employee health. As the process by which individuals recharge resources that have been depleted, recovery has been recognized as important due to its potential to mitigate the negative effects of work on employee well-being. Although the recovery literature has continued to grow, many questions remain unanswered. The purpose of the present study was to expand our knowledge of recovery by examining situational (job characteristics) and individual (trait guilt) predictors of recovery and investigating psychological attributes of off-job activities. An experience sampling design was used to understand relationships among focal variables at day level. Hypotheses were tested using the data from 99 full-time employees living with a full-time working spouse and at least one dependent. The results suggest that daily job characteristics serve an important role in recovery such that they relate to recovery experiences of psychological detachment and relaxation. However, job characteristics did not have significant relationships with the choice of off-job activities. With regard to subjective experiences of off-job activities, findings demonstrated considerable variance across individuals. Further, psychological attributes of off-job activities were found to relate to recovery experiences although the results were not always consistent with expectation. Next, little support was found for the moderating role of trait guilt in the relationship between job characteristics and off-job activities. Finally, consistent with previous research, recovery experiences related to better well-being outcomes.
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Alton, Kristian Leigh. "Exploring the Guilt-Proneness of Non-Traditional Students." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/885.
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Current political forces see education as a potential solution to the economic slide the United States is experiencing. This push toward higher education and resulting employment creates a conflict for women expected by society to serve as primary caregivers of children. Research suggests that working mothers experience feelings of guilt related to the conflict between parenting and employment roles that may come from failure to personify the intensive mothering ideology. Student parents potentially share this guilt but few studies exist that investigate this. The results of this study suggest that student parents do experience guilt and identify relationships between guilt, gender, and relationship status. The nature of these relationships is unclear at this time, highlighting the need for further research
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Coen, Sharon. "Collective guilt and shame in intergroup relations : the effects of group based guilt and shame on intergroup attitudes and prosocial behaviour." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.441031.
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Nygren, Tomas, and Claes Johansson. "Draining the Pathogenic Reservoir of Guilt? : A study of the relationship between Guilt and Self-Compassion in Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för beteendevetenskap och lärande, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119217.
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Objective: One of the main theoretical proposals of Intensive Short-term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP; Davanloo, 1990) is that experiencing of previously unconscious guilt over aggressive impulses associated with attachment trauma leads to increase in self-compassion. The present study aimed to test this assumption. Method: Videotaped sessions from five therapies from a randomized controlled trial of 20-sessions of time-limited ISTDP for treatment-refractory depression were rated with the Achievement of Therapeutic Objectives Scale (ATOS; McCullough, Larsen, Schanche, Andrews& Kuhn, 2003b). Degree of patient guilt arousal and self-compassion were rated on all available sessions. Data were analyzed using a replicated single-subject time-series approach. Results: Guilt arousal was not shown to positively predict self-compassion for any of the five patients. For one patient guilt arousal negatively predicted self-compassion two sessions ahead in time. Conclusion: The current study yields no support that the experience of guilt over aggressive feelings and impulses leads to increases in self-compassion. On the contrary, the finding that guilt negatively predicted self-compassion for one patient must be considered as an indication that this treatment process might negatively impact self-compassion for some patients in some contexts. However, there are several methodological limitations to the current study in the light of which the results should be regarded as tentative.
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Goetz, Amy Rachel. "Guilt and compulsive washing an experimental test of interrelationships /." Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2010. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/2181938.
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Digout, Wendy. "The development of children's understanding of pride and guilt." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0020/MQ56783.pdf.
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Green, Laura C. "The relationship of age and gender to sex guilt." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 1997. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/170.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Arts and Sciences
Psychology
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Thompson, Linda. "Mothers in higher education : guilt, role conflict and strain." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434378.
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Barnard, Matthew James. "Heidegger's conception of freedom, 1927-1930 : guilt, transcendence, truth." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2018. http://e-space.mmu.ac.uk/622341/.
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This thesis investigates Heidegger's concept of freedom between 1927 and 1930. In it, I argue that Heidegger advocates a radical reinvention of the positive concept of freedom in confrontation with Immanuel Kant and Henri Bergson. I also argue, against the grain of recent literature, that this conception remains the same as it is found in Being and Time and in the key texts concerning freedom from the period immediately after its publication: 'The Essence of Ground' [WG], Metaphysical Foundations of Logic [GA26], The Essence of Human Freedom [GA31], and 'On the Essence of Truth' [WW]. In Chapter 1, I interpret the argument of the lecture course The Essence of Human Freedom as Heidegger's attempt to dismiss the question of the freedom of the will. In doing so, I argue, he critically repeats the arguments that Bergson provides in Time and Free Will. In Chapter 2, I turn to Being and Time to follow the thread of Heidegger's argument, leading to the claim that Dasein is fundamentally free but, as inauthentic, also typically unfree. In Chapter 3 I investigate this apparent paradox further, showing that Heidegger, without using the term, is advocating a positive, rather than a negative, conception of unfreedom in evaluating inauthentic Dasein as unfree. In Chapter 4, I show how this positive conception also arrives as a critical confrontation with Kant and Bergson, where authenticity is conceived as Dasein's being-its-self in an ontological sense. In Chapter 5, I build on the above to demonstrate that the arguments in Being and Time concerning guilt, the arguments in WG and GA26 concerning transcendence, and the arguments in WW concerning truth all complement each other in a single concept of freedom: Dasein's being its self by choosing to be the ground of its world, rather than fleeing from this existential responsibility.
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Oldfield, James Peter. "On Guilt and Recognition: A Phenomenology of Moral Motivation." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:105055.
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Thesis advisor: Jeffrey BloechlThe idea of moral action seems to contain a paradox. On the one hand, it seems that in performing such an act one is obligated, bound to the act by something external. On the other hand, it seems that such an act must be freely chosen in the sense that the act must be done for its own sake. The source of the moral act therefore seems to be located both within and without the self. I refer to this as the problem of moral motivation. This dissertation proposes to clarify the nature of moral motivation in the context of a phenomenological investigation of the feeling of guilt, one informed by various thinkers, but particularly by the work of Paul Ricoeur. The rationale behind this proposal can be grasped by observing the confrontation between Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche. Kant’s moral philosophy answers the problem of moral motivation by identifying freedom with the determination of the will by the moral law. A crucial aspect of his argument for this identification is his appeal to the experience of respect for the moral law. This feeling, which Kant describes as the incentive of morality, is a feeling of humiliation before reason, but is at the same time the ennobling sense of one’s autonomy. Nietzsche places this liaison between morality and freedom under stern scrutiny, arguing that the two notions are antithetical to one another. In effect, Nietzsche’s attack implies that moral motivation is a chimera. Guilt does not signify the power of the good to motivate one to do right for its own sake. Moral action is better interpreted as the exertion of power: justice is the advantage of the stronger. Provoked by this confrontation, the dissertation argues that the phenomenology of guilt does not permit us to reduce it entirely to internalized aggression and self-deception. Rather, the self-deceptive and manipulative emotional phenomenon that Nietzsche calls bad conscience can be distinguished from guilt per se. The central task of the work is to explicate the distinctive structure of the latter for the sake of two purposes: 1) by distinguishing guilt from bad conscience, to defend the possibility of moral motivation, and 2) to clarify that possibility in terms of its apparently paradoxical relation to the structure of the self
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Philosophy
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Ng, Magdalene Y. L. "Innocence and guilt detection in high-stakes television appeals." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2016. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/32621/.
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The present thesis explored the cognitive and affective mechanisms underlying the cues used to make innocence-guilt decisions in the high-stakes situation of television appeals in which people appeal publicly for the return of a loved one. Two aspects of the processes involved in making judgements of veracity were studied. Part 2 examined the interaction between explicit and implicit judgments. The studies in Part 2 experimentally manipulated aspects of 12 appeals to test hypotheses about the heuristics judges used to determine veracity. The hypotheses in these studies were initially based on the central assumption that in the absence of unambiguous information judges will draw on heuristics to make veracity judgments. These cognitive shortcuts were hypothesised to lead to biases in innocence-guilt judgments. The innocence bias was introduced as a potential predisposition that stood to be tested. Results did not reveal a consistent innocence or guilt bias. Rather, while all four experiments in Part 2 indicated the presence of different underlying cognitive processes across all experimental conditions, the results from these studies would appear to challenge the existence of any intrinsic tendency towards biases. In Part 3, the context of the appeals was taken as the basis for the assumption that truthful people would give clearer indications of grief than ones who were lying. Multivariate cues were analysed simultaneously using 39 appeals, with a theoretical basis drawn from the grief literature. Eight previously unidentified aspects consisting of verbal cues drawn from grief literature are found to distinguish honest and deceptive appeals with high accuracy and reliability. The work thus contributed to the initial understanding of the interaction between explicit and implicit decisions in making innocence-guilt judgments. Standing models of cognitive processing and their implications for the present thesis were also discussed. Contingent upon further clarification of cognitive processes involved during innocence and guilt verdict decision-making, the findings are particularly germane to the area of televised press conferences and have implications for police and practice.
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Coleman, Roche. "The debilitating duo : shame and guilt in Psalm 32." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75285.
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McLaughlin, Neely. "Pride, Shame, and Guilt: Christian Discourse in American Literature." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1367947225.
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De, Vinne Christine. "Confessional narrative : the rhetoric of guilt in American autobiography /." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487935958845043.
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Oluyori, Tammy Itunuoluwa. "Shame, guilt and eating disorders : an interpretative phenomenological analysis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/shame-guilt-and-eating-disorders-an-interpretative-phenomenological-analysis(e51d09c5-2d51-45ef-a166-15bc37fcd2c5).html.
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Background: Eating disorders are commonly occurring illnesses that frequently cause substantial physical, emotional and psychosocial impairments (Fairburn, et al., 2008). The prevalence of this debilitating condition has led to substantial efforts by researchers and clinicians to search for different ways of understanding the illness for the sole purpose of increasing the presently poor treatment outcomes. Existing theoretical and research literature looking at the role of shame and guilt in eating disorders have put forward a convincing assertion that shame and guilt are poignant features in the psychopathology and symptomatology of the condition. However, these reports have not provided in-depth explanation into how people suffering from eating disorders experience shame and guilt and very little qualitative research has been conducted in this area. Likewise, the interwoven relationship and the differences between shame and guilt and their role in eating disorders psychopathology and symptomatology remain unclear. Aims and Method: The present study is an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) that recognises the uniqueness of an individual’s experience of complex phenomenon such as eating disorder. Thus it aims to explore the understanding and sense-making of shame and guilt experiences by listening to the voices of six people who have been diagnosed and treated for eating disorders using semi-structured interviewing method. The study also explores the role of shame and guilt in treatment particularly their implication in the disclosure of information in the course of treatment. Findings and Discussion: The analysis identified five main themes; the intensity of shame and guilt experience AND the pervasiveness of shame and guilt experience, Guilt and shame as integrated into all facets of the ED, Existential questioning of identity, shame and guilt lived out and developed in different context/ Locus of responsibility. Contribution to knowledge: The study provides deeper understanding of participants’ subjective experience of shame and guilt. The study highlights that shame and guilt are experiences that are intertwined with all facets of eating disorders as well as the individual’s identity. Finally, shame and guilt were described as experiences that negatively impacted on treatment process. The implications of this for counseling psychology practice are discussed, and suggestions for future research are made.
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Mitchell, Robert. "Guilt and creativity in the works of Geoffrey Chaucer." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/guilt-and-creativity-in-the-works-of-geoffrey-chaucer(188c155f-69f0-432e-a5cb-aaad3d920e23).html.
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The late Middles Ages saw the development in Europe of increasingly complex, ambitious, and self-conscious forms of creative literature. In the works of poets such as Dante, Petrarch and Chaucer new models of authorship and poetic identity were being explored, new kinds of philosophical and aesthetic value attributed to literary discourse. But these creative developments also brought with them new dangers and tensions, a sense of guilt and uncertainty about the value of creative literature, especially in relation to the dominant religious values of late medieval culture. In this thesis I explore how these doubts and tensions find expression in Chaucer’s poetry, not only as a negative, constraining influence, but also as something which contributes to the shape and meaning of poetry itself. I argue that as Chaucer develops his own expansive, questioning poetics in The House of Fame and The Canterbury Tales, he problematises the principle of allegory on which the legitimacy of literary discourse was primarily based in medieval culture and the final fragments of The Canterbury Tales see Chaucer struggling, increasingly, to reconcile the boldness and independence of his poetic vision with the demands of his faith. This struggle, which emerges most strongly and polemically in the final fragments, I argue, runs in subtle and creative forms throughout the whole of Chaucer’s work. By seeing Chaucer in this light as a poet not of fixed, but of conflicted and vacillating intentions – a poet productively caught drawn between ‘game’ and ‘earnest’, radical ironies and Boethian truths – I attempt to account, in a holistic manner, for the major dichotomies that characterise both his work and its critical reception.
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Stanulewicz, Natalia Katarzyna. "Guilt and the emotional underpinnings of human pro-sociality." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/50149/.
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Pro-social acts are at the core of human relationships and proper functioning of society. Still, human pro-sociality is seen as unique, reaching beyond the kinship-based helping that is found in other species, such as primates. This uniqueness of human pro-sociality is recognised as closely related to another phenomenon specific to humans, and crucial for the maintenance of social relationships; namely, the presence of moral emotions. This thesis investigated emotional underpinnings of human pro-sociality after moral or social transgressions. The particular focus was placed on guilt – the emotion seen as most prototypical morally, and anger, its’ often under-studied relative. These two emotions have a unique standing in the context of the pro-sociality following from transgressions. They are associated with the perception of harm, injustice and norm violation that are core to transgression situations, and an action tendency to improve such situation, which behaving in a pro-social manner can be seen as. Nevertheless, only a few studies have examined guilt and anger jointly, in the context of pro-sociality, which stresses the need for an investigation of their relative influences. This thesis aimed to fill this gap in the literature. Chapter 1 introduces the topic of emotions and its role for pro-sociality, starting with the initial concept of emotions as the continuum of positive and negative affect, followed by more recent conceptualisation of emotions, in terms of their specificity and uniqueness. A particular emphasis is placed on the place of guilt and anger in the family of moral emotions, and their specific characteristics. Moreover, the role of pro-sociality as a mood-enhancing method is discussed, which might be used to suggest that guilt-based pro-sociality might not be so strongly relationship-focused, as presented in the literature. Chapter 2 presents a meta-analytical investigation of guilt and its role for pro-sociality. In this section, 112 studies were combined, providing an estimation of the medium effect size for the relationship between guilt and pro-sociality. Potential moderators were investigated as well, with a majority of them demonstrating no significant effects. Interestingly though, religiosity was found as a significant moderator of the guilt-pro-sociality relationship, with less religious countries showing a stronger effect size. The potential factors explaining this finding were presented. The link between guilt and self-punishment was also considered, providing more evidence that actions following from guilt might be seen as a mood enhancing strategy (at least when there is no option for repayment of one’s wrongdoing). Chapter 3 describes an experimental study investigating the association between moral transgression and subsequent pro-sociality. The charity dictator game was used as the opportunity for moral transgression. It was shown that moral transgression could lead to both increased and decreased pro-sociality, depending on the underlying emotional mechanism. Specifically, moral transgression via guilt led to increased pro-sociality, whereas via anger, to decreased pro-sociality. Some contextual factors (e.g., eyes prime, earning for oneself versus a charity) that could moderate which effect would prevail were examined. This result explains inconsistent findings reported previously in the literature. Additionally, it was shown that guilt does not always directly affect pro-sociality, as it might be followed by anger, and this sequential mechanism might negatively affect subsequent pro-sociality. Lastly, it was demonstrated that the effect of guilt and anger, following from a transgression, did not expand beyond the first pro-social opportunity, in line with the notion of pro-sociality as a mood-enhancing method. Chapter 4 introduces an experimental study aimed at the further exploration of the mechanism between guilt, anger, and subsequent pro-sociality. A context of failing one’s partner in a computer game was used to trigger moral emotions. The role of self-blame was also explored. Self-blame was predicted to act as the mechanism linking guilt with increased pro-sociality, whereas anger (a proxy of other-blame) was found to be the mechanism linking guilt with decreased pro-sociality. Some contextual factors, related to the perception of fairness, which could moderate which effect would prevail, were examined. Lastly, it was demonstrated that the effect of guilt did not expand beyond the first pro-social opportunity, in line with the notion of pro-sociality as a mood-enhancing method. Chapter 5 builds on the results in the previous section, by introducing manipulative intent as a factor determining the mechanism underlying the association between guilt, anger, and subsequent pro-sociality. A context of blood donation appeal was used to trigger moral emotions, making this study more applicable to the outside world. Contrary to the predictions, low rather than high manipulative intent in the appeal was shown to be the context where guilt led to decreased pro-sociality, via anger. The relationship between guilt and increased pro-sociality via responsibility (a proxy of self-blame) was significant under both levels of the manipulative intent present. Factors potentially explaining these findings are presented. This study provides evidence that the links between guilt and responsibility (self-blame) are not readily affected, whereas the connection between guilt and anger depends on situational context. Chapter 6 presents findings of the investigation into the lab-field correspondence in the pro-sociality domain, together with an examination of the possibility of a significant association of trait guilt and cost/risk perception of pro-social behaviours. Following from Piliavin’s cost-reward model, it was predicted that higher propensity of guilt-prone individuals to help might be based on their lowered appraisal of cost-risk of pro-social behaviours. Trait guilt was not related to cost-risk appraisals of pro-social behaviours though, suggesting that other mechanisms might be underlying the relationship between trait guilt and pro-sociality. Secondly, the issue of generalising findings from lab studies to real-life instances of pro-sociality was explored. The results have shown that pro-social behaviours used in labs were not equivalent (i.e., less costly and risky) to those in the real world. Pro-sociality appeared to be a non-unidimensional construct, which should be taken into account when investigating it in the future. Chapter 7 provides a general discussion of the results presented in this thesis, with the emphasis on their role in the field of emotions and human pro-sociality. Some implications of the present findings for charitable organisations and some avenues for future studies were presented as well. The findings presented in this thesis provide novel and exciting insight into the field of emotions and pro-sociality, in the context of transgression. The results suggest that even though guilt is widely studied in the context of pro-sociality, and has a robust effect on pro-sociality, anger should not be treated with less interest and attention in this regard. It was also shown that these two emotions are highly interrelated, co-occur in the context of transgression, and both have the potential to affect pro-sociality subsequent to transgression. The contextual factors, such as manipulative intent, appear to have a particular role in determining whether decreased or increased pro-sociality would occur after a violation, and which emotional mechanism would unfold. Therefore, neglecting one of these emotions in studies undermines the possibility of better understanding the emotional underpinnings of human pro-sociality. Thus, more research is warranted in the future.The similar research effort is needed for better understanding of the construct of pro-sociality itself, as human pro-sociality takes many forms which, as was shown, do not create a unidimensional construct. Thus, generalising findings from single instances of pro-social behaviour to general pro-sociality seems biased (especially to the high-cost behaviours), and this issue should be tackled in future research.
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Gilliland, Randy. "The Roles of Shame and Guilt in Hypersexual Behavior." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2568.
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Studies among people struggling with hypersexual behavior commonly report that shame needs to be addressed when treating this population. These studies theoretically distinguish that it is shame and not guilt that exacerbates hypersexual behavior, yet no study to date has demonstrated this difference empirically. This observation led to the current investigation in which a sample (N = 177) of people seeking treatment for pornography use anonymously filledout measures of hypersexuality, shame-proneness, guilt-proneness, and motivation to change unwanted behavior. A hypothetical path model of the constructs was analyzed yielding significant positive relationships between shame-proneness and hypersexuality as well as guiltproneness and motivation to change. The data support previous findings that shame is active among people seeking treatment for hypersexual behavior. This study adds an additional element to the story by empirically demonstrating that shame and guilt have opposing relationships with hypersexuality and motivation for change.
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Caouette, Julie. "The role of collective guilt in the righting of injustices perpetrated by powerful groups: Unravelling intrapsychic processes of collective guilt through indirect measures." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=96787.
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Traditionally, psychologists have understood guilt as an intrapsychic process, where people experience self-focused distress when confronted with their transgressions. This distress often motivates people to use psychological defenses to assuage their guilt. Hence, it is difficult to disentangle, when people claim not to feel guilty, whether people genuinely do not feel blameworthy or whether they are protecting themselves from guilt-ridden distress. Similar to traditional guilt research, where people tend to avoid personal guilt, a recent line of research reveals that people tend to avoid collective guilt, which stems from transgressions committed by their group (Branscombe & Doosje, 2004). However, because people tend to defend themselves against guilt, the field's reliance on self-report scales to measure collective guilt is problematic. That is, when participants are directly asked "do you feel guilty?" they may be unwilling or unable to openly report their guilt feelings. Thus, I contend that it is crucial that collective guilt be studied though indirect measures. They can capture automatic responses that are not under conscious or voluntary control by participants, and therefore are less prone to distortion. In Manuscript 1, I present a series of studies where the unique predictive and explanatory power of two novel indirect measures of collective guilt was investigated (a word fragment completion task and an implicit association test). In Manuscript 2, I focus on one mechanism often claimed to underlie the avoidance of collective guilt: because ingroup transgression poses a specific psychological threat to the group's self-image, this prompts the use of defenses that allow collective guilt to be deflected. Threat is difficult to measure empirically, as participants are often not consciously aware of the threat, or they may attempt to deny it. This again points to a need for more indirect measures. I present a study where threat was assessed in the context of collective guilt by employing a psychophysiological index of cardiac control, a measure not under conscious control: respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). In both manuscripts, the differential pattern of results obtained from indirect measures and self-report measures confirms the value of including both measures when studying collective guilt.En général, les psychologues conçoivent le sentiment de la culpabilité comme un processus intrapsychique où les gens ressentent de la détresse lorsqu'ils sont confrontés à leurs transgressions. Cette détresse motive souvent les gens à utiliser des défenses psychologiques pour apaiser leur sentiment de culpabilité. Par conséquent, lorsque les gens affirment ne pas se sentir coupable, il est difficile de distinguer les gens qui ne se sentent véritablement pas condamnables de ceux qui se protègent contre la détresse rattachée à un sentiment de culpabilité. De façon comparable aux travaux classiques qui ont démontré que les gens ont tendance à éviter la culpabilité personnelle, des études récentes révèlent que les gens ont aussi tendance à éviter la culpabilité collective qui découle de transgressions commises par leur propre groupe (Branscombe & Doosje, 2004). Cependant, l'utilisation unique d'échelles auto-rapportées pour mesurer la culpabilité collective est problématique puisque les gens ont tendance à se défendre contre cette culpabilité. Autrement dit, lorsqu'on demande directement aux participants "ressentez-vous de la culpabilité?" ils peuvent être réticents ou incapables de rendre compte ouvertement de leurs sentiments de culpabilité. Ainsi, je soutiens qu'il est crucial que la culpabilité collective soit étudiée à l'aide de mesures indirectes. Ces mesures peuvent capturer des réponses automatiques qui ne sont pas sous le contrôle conscient ou volontaire des participants et donc ces réponses sont moins assujetties à des distorsions. Dans le Manuscrit 1, je présente une série d'études où le pouvoir unique de prévision et d'explication de deux nouvelles mesures indirectes de la culpabilité collective a été étudié (un test de mots fragmentés et un test d'association implicite). Dans le Manuscrit 2, je me concentre sur un mécanisme souvent proposé afin d'expliquer la tendance à vouloir éviter la culpabilité collective: puisque la transgression du groupe constitue une menace psychologique spécifique à l'image du groupe, ce désir de vouloir éviter la culpabilité conduit à l'utilisation de moyens de défense qui permettent à la culpabilité collective d'être évitée. Cette menace psychologique est difficile à mesurer empiriquement, car les participants sont rarement conscients de cette menace ou encore, ils peuvent tenter de la nier. Cela met encore en évidence le besoin de mesures plus indirectes. Je présente une étude dans laquelle la menace a été évaluée dans le contexte de la culpabilité collective en utilisant un indice psychophysiologique de contrôle cardiaque, c'est-à-dire une mesure qui n'est pas sous contrôle conscient: l'arythmie sinusale respiratoire (ASR). Dans ces deux manuscrits, les différences entre les résultats obtenus à partir des mesures indirectes et ceux obtenus avec les mesures auto-rapportées confirment la nécessité d'inclure ces deux types de mesures lorsque l'on étudie la culpabilité collective.
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Ceder, Josefin. "Anticipatory and Reactive Guilt Appeals : Their Influence on Consumer Attitudes and the Moderating Effect of Inferences of Manipulative Intent." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64846.
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Guilt appeals are used to try to influence consumer behavior, with literature defining three kinds – existential, anticipatory, and reactive guilt. Anticipatory and reactive guilt appeals have never been individually studied. The purpose of this study is hence to explain the relationship between anticipatory guilt and reactive guilt, respectively, inferences of manipulative intent, and consumers’ attitude toward a brand. To test this, an online questionnaire was used, followed by linear regression and moderation analyses. The results show a positive relationship between both anticipatory guilt and attitude and between reactive guilt and attitude. Inferences of manipulative intent do not moderate either relationship. Keywords Guilt appeal, anticipatory guilt, reactive guilt, inferences of manipulative intent, consumer brand attitudes
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Ekstrom, David. "Comfort or confront? the role of guilt in biblical preaching /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Henkin, Melissa B. "SHAME AND GUILT: PERCEPTIONS OF AMERICAN AND CHINESE COLLEGE STUDENTS." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1085602726.
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Barr, Peter. "Guilt, shame, and grief: an empirical study of perinatal bereavement." University of Sydney. Centre for Behavioural Sciences, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/602.
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Aim. The aim of the present research was to investigate the relationship of personality guilt- and shame-proneness to grief and psychological dysphoria following bereavement due to stillbirth or death in the newborn period. Methods. Participating parents completed self-report questionnaire measures of proneness to situational guilt and shame (Test of Self-Conscious Affect-2), chronic guilt and shame (Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2) and interpersonal guilt (Interpersonal Guilt Questionnaire-67), grief (Perinatal Grief Scale-33) and psychological dysphoria (General Health Questionnaire-28) one month (�early�, N = 158) and 13 months (�late�, N = 149) after a perinatal death. Results. Women compared with men self-reported more intense grief, anxiety and depression one month after the death, but there were no significant sex differences in grief or psychological dysphoria one year later. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that composite shame (situational and chronic) explained a small but statistically significant proportion of the variance in early total grief (adjusted R 2 = .09) and anxiety (adjusted R 2 = .07) in women, and early total grief (adjusted R 2 = .19), anxiety (adjusted R 2 = .13) and depression (adjusted R 2 = .10) in men. Composite guilt (situational, chronic and interpersonal) controlled for shame did not make a significant further contribution to the variance in early total grief, anxiety or depression in either sex. Composite shame explained not only significant but meaningful proportions of the variance in late grief (adjusted R2=.27), anxiety (adjusted R2=.21) and depression (adjusted R2=.27) in women, and late grief (adjusted R2= .56),anxiety (adjusted R 2= .30) and depression (adjusted R2= .51) in men. Composite guilt controlled for shame made significant further contributions to the variancein late grief (∆R 2 = .21), anxiety (∆R 2 = .16) and depression (∆R 2 = .25) in women, and late grief (∆R 2 = .11) in men. Shame and guilt together explained a substantial proportion of the variance in late grief (adjusted R2= .45), anxiety (adjusted R2= .33) and depression (adjusted R2= .49) in women, and late grief (adjusted R2= .64), anxiety (adjusted R2= .35) and depression (adjusted R2= .56) in men. Situational shame, chronic guilt and survivor guilt made positive unique contributions to the variance in late grief in women. Chronic shame and survivor guilt made unique contributions to the variance in late grief in men. Situational guilt made a significant unique negatively valenced contribution to the variance in late grief in women. Early composite shame, but not guilt, predicted late grief, anxiety and depression in men. Early composite shame and/or guilt did not predict late grief, anxiety or depression in women. Conclusion. Personality proneness to shame was more relevant to late grief, anxiety and depression in men than in women, but survivor guilt was equally important to late grief in both sexes. Chronic guilt and functional situational guilt were pertinent to late grief, anxiety and depression in women, but not in men. Personality shame- and guilt-proneness have important relationships with parental grief after perinatal death that have not hitherto been recognised.
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Zebel, Sven. "Negative associations the role of identification in group-based guilt /." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/39633.
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Monronal-Luque, Richard. "Guilt in obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression : a preliminary study." Thesis, University of East London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.532523.
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Friedle, James W. "Guilt, shame and defensiveness across treatment with the alcoholic patient." Virtual Press, 1989. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720158.
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The purpose of the study was to test for theoretic trends of guilt' shame (quadratic) and defensiveness (linear) across treatment for alcoholic patients. The study sample consisted of91 participants. These included adult males who were in either outpatient or inpatient treatment for alcoholism.All participants were administered a questionnaire comprised of guilt, shame, and defensiveness measures. The questionnaires also asked self rating questions as a measure of progress and had a therapist section for progress ratings. Three null hypotheses were tested using trend analysis. Two way analyses of variances were also used to examine progress variables.ResultsIt was hypothesized that guilt and shame would demonstrate quadratic relationships across treatment and that defensiveness would demonstrate a linear relationship. None of the trend 2analyses demonstrated the expected relationships. The post-hoc two-way analyses of differences in guilt, shame, and defensiveness as a function of both weeks-in-treatment and progress measures yielded few significant results.Conclusions The results of this study do not support some of the major premises concerning treatment of the alcoholic patient. Research needs include operationally defining treatment approaches and refining concepts and measures.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services