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Gottlow, Jan. "New attachment formation by guided tissue regeneration." Göteborg : Dept. of Periodontology, University of Göteborg, 1986. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/17242123.html.
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Hattingh, André Christiaan. "A protocol to study tissue regeneration in alveolar bony defects /." Access to E-Thesis, 1999. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01052007-135643/.
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Umeda, Hiroo. "In situ Tissue Engineering of Canine Skull with Guided Bone Regeneration." Kyoto University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/124318.
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NARDO, TIZIANA. "Bioactive Membranes and Nanocoatings for Guided Tissue Regeneration in Periodontal Diseases." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2614171.
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Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent in population of all ages. Initiated by bacterial accumulation at the interface of bone and soft tissue, they lead to the loss of gingival tissue adherent to the root surface and, eventually, to tooth loss. Regenerative approaches to treat periodontitis offer exciting possibilities; guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) approaches are promising because, through the insertion of a physical barrier, they can exclude unwanted epithelial and gingival connective tissue cells from the healing area and allow bone tissue cells to repopulate the bony defect. Different resorbable and non-resorbable membranes have been developed. Expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membranes are the “gold standard” for GTR/GBR applications but they are non-resorbable and they need a second surgical operation to repair dehiscence. Biodegradable synthetic membranes avoid a second surgical operation but they show drawbacks concerning the capacity of space maintenance, early/late absorption, mechanical properties and bacterial infection during degradation. Collagen membranes have advantages related to collagen biological properties but are characterized by low mechanical strength. The “ideal” membrane for use in periodontal regenerative therapy has yet to be developed.
The main purpose of this thesis was the design of biologically active products, with improved osteoconductive and antimicrobial properties, for GTR/GBR applications in periodontal diseases.
In a more traditional approach, a commercially available membrane (based on PTFE) was surface modified by environmentally friendly technique to allow rapid bone re-growth and exert antimicrobial action. Binding ability of 3,4-dihydroxy-DL-phenylalanine (DOPA) to samples of any type, size and shape was exploited to improve PTFE surface properties. In particular, a hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAp) coating was applied by DOPA self-polymerization on PTFE surface in the presence of HAp nanoparticles, to promote the bone re-growth properties of PTFE films. Chemical composition analysis demonstrated the successful deposition of polyDOPA and HAp on coated films. Morphological and topographical characterizations further confirmed the total surface coverage causing an increase in surface roughness (39.8±5.2 nm for PTFE films vs 236.5±12.0 nm for polyDOPA/HAp coated films) and wettability (110.8±2.8° for PTFE films vs 46.1±12.4° for polyDOPA/HAp coated samples). A discontinuous HAp coating was still present after 14 days of incubation of coated PTFE films in phosphate buffered saline. Pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on polyDOPA/HAp coated films showed a pronounced increase of cell proliferation and adhesion. Regarding the antimicrobial action, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been selected due to their good antimicrobial efficacy against bacteria, viruses and other eukaryotic micro-organisms. The successful deposition of AgNPs on PTFE surface, through the functional groups of DOPA, has been demonstrated by physico-chemical and morphological analyses. Nanoparticles exhibited a diameter around 68 nm and were homogeneously distributed on the surface. In vitro cell tests with fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells showed an inhibition of cells proliferation on AgNPs functionalized films after 3 days of culture, while good cell adhesion was observed with cells randomly distributed on sample surface and extensively spread. The antimicrobial efficiency was demonstrated against S. aureus and Ag release was sustained for at least 14 days. The mussel-inspired coated PTFE membrane could find potential application as GTR/GBR strategy for the treatment of periodontal diseases.
In a highly innovative approach, a bi-layered bioabsorbable membrane was developed, by the assembly of a compact and a porous layer. GTR/GBR membranes can be considered an interface-implant between gingival connective tissue/epithelium and alveolar bone tissue. Developing a multi-component structure membrane with compositional and structural gradients that meet the local functional requirements could represent a challenge.
Binary blends of poly(DL-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) with various compositions (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, 0/100 wt/wt) were prepared by solvent casting technique as compact layer of the bi-layered membrane. Morphological analysis did not evidence phase separation between PLCL and PLGA and the behavior of blend glass transition temperatures as a function of composition suggested some degree of blend compatibility. However, blends elastic modulus showed a negative deviation from the additive law of mixture. In vitro cell tests with fibroblast NIH 3T3 cells showed improved cell adhesion and growth on PLCL/PLGA 25/75 blend. Due to its biocompatibility, its superior mechanical properties (E=10.2±0.6 MPa, σmax=0.8±0.0 MPa, and εmax=548.8±57.9%) and compatibility between the components, PLCL/PLGA 25/75 blend was selected for this application. Compact films were then surface modified via layer-by-layer (LbL) technique to enhance fibroblast cell response and confer antibacterial efficacy. A surface priming treatment (aminolysis) was optimized before depositing LbL coating. The following parameters were used: C=0.08 g/mL, t=8 min and T=37 °C. Then, multilayered chondroitin sulfate/chitosan (CHS/CH) coatings were deposited on the aminolysed films. The feasibility of multilayer coating was confirmed by QCM-D analysis. Further confirmations derived from water contact angle measurements (contact angle jumped alternatively between 45° and 65° depending on the outmost layer component) and FTIR-ATR analysis (appearance of absorbance peaks characteristics of CHS and CH). FTIC-labelled CH was also employed to follow LbL built up by fluorescence microscopy analysis. In vitro cell tests demonstrated the ability of coated samples to improve NIH 3T3 fibroblast adhesion and proliferation. Biocompatibility properties increased with increasing the layer number and were superior in the case of CH-terminating layers but no antibacterial activity was observed for films coated with 16 layers.
Three dimensional sponge-like composite membranes fabricated by freeze-drying, with a composition similar to natural bone, and based on β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) dispersed in a chitosan/gelatin (CH/G) network cross-linked with genipin (GP) and disodium phosphate salt (DSP) were developed as porous layer of the bi-layered device. Three membranes were developed (CH/G, CH/G+GP-DSP and CH/G/TCP+GP-DSP) and characterized. Successful double cross-linking of CH/G network was confirmed by Kaiser test, chemical and thermal analysis. All membranes showed a typical foam-like morphology with interconnected pores having an average diameter of 100-200 μm. Both cross-linking and TCP presence caused a marked increase of membrane stability in water solution, as well as of tensile modulus and maximum tensile strength (respectively, 14.9±5.1 MPa and 0.6±0.0 MPa for CH/G, and 29.4±2.7 MPa and 0.8±0.1 MPa for CH/G/TCP+GP-DSP.). Compared to CH/G samples, CH/G+GP-DSP and CH/G/TCP+GP-DSP membranes showed improved MG-63 human osteoblast-like cells response, in terms of cell viability and morphology.
The assembly process of the compact and porous layer was developed based on the insertion of an intermediate adhesive layer composed by a polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyethylene glycol 70/30 wt/wt blend. Preliminary characterizations were carried out. Morphological analysis did not show changes in compact and porous layer structure due to the presence of the adhesive. The final device showed an elastic modulus of about 61 MPa in dry condition that markedly decreased in wet state (to about 5 MPa). Qualitative analysis of membrane manageability revealed its ability to adapt to mandible conformation after immersion in physiological solution. Despite the need for additional tests, the bi-layered membrane appeared promising for GTR/GBR applications.
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Gangolli, Riddhi Ajit. "A Novel Biomimetic Scaffold for Guided Tissue Regeneration of the Pulp - Dentin Complex." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/409954.
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BioengineeringPh.D.
60 % of school children have some form of untreated tooth decay or have suffered trauma to the front teeth which results in pulp damage. If left untreated, these teeth are susceptible to premature fracture/loss under daily stresses. In cases of adolescent tooth loss, teenagers cannot get dental implants until after the growth spurts; their only option is using removable dentures which lowers their quality of life. Conventional endodontic treatment (root canal treatment) is used in cases of pulp necrosis, but cannot be performed in immature permanent teeth due to major differences in tooth anatomy. Currently the American Dental Academy has approved a procedure called Regenerative Endodontic Treatment (RET) for such cases, but the outcomes are still unpredictable and the method is largely unreliable. One issue that we are trying to address in this work is the regeneration of the pulp-dentin complex (PDC), specifically the interface. Endeavors in regenerating either pulp or dentin have been successful individually, but the interface region is the anatomical and physiologic hallmark of the PDC and has not been addressed. We have proposed a biomimetic scaffold to facilitate early stage stratification of these different tissues and allow recapitulation of their interface. Tissue engineering principles and biomaterial processing techniques were used simultaneously to encourage dental pulp stem cells into mineralize selectively only on one side. This effectively allows the scaffold to serve as the interface region between the hard dentin and the soft vascular pulp.
Temple University--Theses
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Mayfield, Lisa. "Regeneration in periodontal and endosseous implant treatment." Malmö, Sweden : Dept. of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Lund University, 1998. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39457632.html.
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Mizuno, Hirokazu, Hideaki Kagami, Junji Mase, Daiki Mizuno, and Minoru Ueda. "Efficacy of Membranous Cultured Periosteum for the Treatment of Patients with Severe Periodontitis: a Proof-of-Concept Study." Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/12910.
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Moore, Edward Andrew. "Cell attachment and spreading on physical barriers used in periodontal guided tissue regeneration /." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2002. http://library.ouhsc.edu/epub/theses/Moore-William-A.pdf.
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Kolambkar, Yash Manohar. "Electrospun nanofiber meshes for the functional repair of bone defects." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37196.
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Bone defects caused by trauma, tumor resection or disease present a significant clinical problem. Failures in 'high risk' fractures and large bone defects have been reported to be as high as 30-50%. The drawbacks associated with current bone grafting procedures have stimulated the search for improved techniques for bone repair. Tissue engineering/regenerative medicine approaches promote tissue repair by providing a combination of physical and biological cues through structural scaffolds and bioactive agents. Though they have demonstrated significant promise for bone regeneration, very little has been translated to clinical practice.
The goal of this thesis was to investigate the potential of electrospun nanofiber mesh scaffolds for bone regeneration. Nanofiber meshes were utilized in a three-pronged approach. First, we validated their ability to robustly support osteogenic cell functions, including proliferation and matrix mineralization. We also demonstrated their efficacy as a cell delivery vehicle. Second, we investigated the effects of modulating nanofiber bioactivity and orientation on stem cell programming. Our results indicate that functionalization of nanofiber meshes with a collagen-mimetic peptide enhanced the migration, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of cells. Fiber alignment improved cell migration along the direction of fiber orientation. Finally, a nanofiber mesh based hybrid system for growth factor delivery was developed for bone repair and tested in a challenging animal model. The delivery of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) via this system resulted in the functional restoration of limb function, and in fact proved more efficacious than the current clinical standard for BMP delivery.
The studies performed in this thesis have suggested novel techniques for improving the repair of clinically challenging bone defects. They indicate that the delivery of BMP via the hybrid system may reduce the dose and side effects of BMP, thereby broadening the use of BMP based bone augmentation procedures. Therefore, this nanofiber mesh based system has the potential to become the standard of care for clinically challenging bone defects, including large bone defects, open tibial fractures, and nonunions.
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VerÃssimo, Denusa Moreira. "AvaliaÃÃo da biocompatibilidade e bioatividade de membranas colÃgeno polianiÃnico mineralizadas e reticuladas em modelos animais." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2012. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7934.
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nÃo hÃO objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar membranas de colÃgeno polianiÃnico (CPA) reticuladas e impregnadas com hidroxiapatita, manufaturadas pelo Departamento de FÃsica da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. Dividiu-se o trabalho em 2 etapas, onde inicialmente avaliou-se a biocompatibilidade e a biodegradaÃÃo de 6 diferentes membranas de CPA, divididas nos seguintes grupos: trÃs com 0, 25 e 75 ciclos de impregnaÃÃo com hidroxiapatita (CPA, CPA 25, CPA 75) e mais trÃs cujas membranas foram reticuladas com glutaraldeÃdo (GA) (CPA GA, CPA 25GA, CPA 75GA) inseridas em tecido subcutÃneo de ratos. AnÃlises histopatolÃgicas do infiltrado inflamatÃrio, atividade de mieloperoxidase (MPO), dosagem de citocinas, espessura de cÃpsula fibrosa, imunohistoquÃmica para metaloproteinase e biodegradaÃÃo das membranas foram avaliadas apÃs 1, 7, 15, 30, 60 e 120 dias. Posteriormente, avaliou-se o efeito das 3 melhores membranas na regeneraÃÃo Ãssea guiada usando defeito Ãsseo crÃtico em calvÃria de ratos (DOC), onde as membranas foram posicionadas sobre o defeito. FormaÃÃo Ãssea foi avaliada com base na radiografia digital (RD), tomografia computadorizada (TC) e anÃlise histolÃgica, 24 horas, 4, 8 e 12 semanas apÃs o procedimento cirÃrgico. MPO e dosagem de citocinas foram realizadas apÃs 24 horas. No subcutÃneo, as membranas reticuladas com GA mostraram espessa cÃpsula fibrosa e menor reaÃÃo inflamatÃria permanecendo intactas apÃs 120 dias. No modelo de regeneraÃÃo Ãssea em calvÃria de ratos, apÃs 12 semanas, os grupos CPA GA e CPA 25GA apresentaram reduÃÃo significativa da Ãrea radiolÃcida quando comparadas ao grupo basal. A anÃlise histolÃgica mostrou que nos grupos CPA GA e CPA 25GA as membranas ainda estavam intactas, envolvidas por uma espessa cÃpsula fibrosa e as membranas do grupo CPA 75GA apresentaram inÃcio de reabsorÃÃo. NÃo foi encontrada diferenÃa estatÃstica entre os grupos quanto a atividade MPO e citocina IL-1β. ConcluÃmos que as membranas reticuladas mostraram-se mais biocompatÃveis e se mantiveram livre de biodegradaÃÃo no perÃodo de observaÃÃo. Essas membranas induziram o fechamento dos defeitos Ãsseos e nÃo induziram reaÃÃo inflamatÃria. A impregnaÃÃo de hidroxiapatita nÃo acelerou a cicatrizaÃÃo do defeito cirÃrgico. Nossos resultados sugerem que as membranas de CPA reticuladas poderÃo ser Ãteis nos processos em que a formaÃÃo de um novo osso depende de uma duraÃÃo mais prolongada da barreira mecÃnica.
The aim of this study was to evaluate polyanionic collagen (PAC) membranes reticulated and impregnated with hydroxyapatite, manufactured by the Physics Department, Federal University of CearÃ. This study was divided into two stages, initially it was evaluated the biocompatibility and biodegradation of six different membranes of PAC, divided into the following groups: three with 0, 25 and 75 cycles of impregnation with apatite (PAC, PAC 25, PAC 75 ) and three more whose membranes were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) (GA PAC, PAC 25GA, PAC 75GA) inserted into the subcutaneous tissue of rats. Histopathological analyzes of inflammatory infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), cytokine, thickness of fibrous capsule, immunohistochemistry for metalloproteinase and degradation of the membranes were evaluated after 1, 7, 15, 30, 60 and 120 days. Subsequently, it was evaluated the effect of the three best membranes in guided bone regeneration using bone critical defects in rat calvaria (DOC), where the membranes were placed over the defect. Bone formation was evaluated based on digital radiography (DR), computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis, 24 hours, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after surgery. MPO and cytokine were performed after 24 hours. In the subcutaneous tissue, the membranes crosslinked with GA showed thick fibrous capsule, less inflammatory reaction and remained intact after 120 days. In the bone regeneration model in rat calvaria, after 12 weeks, PAC GA and PAC 25GA groups showed significant reduction in radiolucent area compared to the baseline group. Histological analysis showed that in PAC GA and PAC 25GA groups, membranes were still intact, surrounded by a thick fibrous capsule and in PAC 75GA group, membranes showed early resorption. There was no statistical difference between groups in MPO activity and IL-1β. We conclude that the crosslinked membranes were more biocompatible and remained free from degradation during the observation period. These membranes induced closure of bone defects and did not induce inflammatory reaction. The impregnation of hydroxyapatite did not accelerate the healing of surgical defect. Our results suggest that the crosslinked membranes CPA may be useful in cases where new bone formation is dependent on a longer duration of mechanical barrier.
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Borges, Ricardo Jorge Morais. "Regeneração periodontal de defeitos infra-ósseos." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5276.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaA doença periodontal afeta grande parte da população, e a sua progressão pode levar à perda de inserção dos tecidos conetivos do periodonto assim como perda óssea. O tratamento periodontal procura essencialmente dois objetivos: impedir a progressão da doença e reconstruir os tecidos periodontais perdidos. O tratamento regenerativo surge como método para alcançar este segundo objetivo. Neste âmbito, ao longo do tempo têm sido desenvolvidas diversas técnicas regenerativas, sendo as proteínas de matriz de esmalte e a regeneração tecidular guiada as mais investigadas em ensaios clínicos. A revisão bibliográfica inicialmente foi realizada no motor de busca PubMed recorrendo a palavras-chave como: “Periodontal Regeneration”, “Intrabony Defects”, “Guided Tissue Regeneration” e “Enamel Matrix Proteins” tendo por base meta-análises publicadas, maioritariamente, nos últimos 10 anos. Posteriormente foram incluídos artigos como base litúrgica para abordar a parte teórica deste trabalho, sendo estes publicados entre 1958 e 2015.
Periodontal disease affects a large population and its progression may lead to the loss of attachment of periodontal connective tissue as well as bone loss. The periodontal treatment essentially seeks two objectives: preventing disease progression and rebuild the lost periodontal tissues. The regenerative treatment arises as a method to achieve this second goal. In this context, from time to time there have been developed several regenerative techniques, being the proteins of enamel matrix and guided tissue regeneration, the most investigated in clinical trials. The literature review was conducted initially in the search engine PubMed using keywords like "Periodontal Regeneration", "Intrabony Defects", "Guided Tissue Regeneration" and "Enamel Matrix Proteins" on the basis of published meta-analysis, mostly in the last 10 years. Later there were included items as a liturgical basis for in order to adress the theoretical part of this study, which were published between 1958 and 2015.
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Huss, Fredrik R. M. "In vitro and in vivo studies of tissue engineering in reconstructive plastic surgery." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Brännskadevård, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8504.
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To correct, improve, and maintain tissues, and their functions, are common denominators in tissue engineering and reconstructive plastic surgery. This can be achieved by using autolo-gous tissues as in flaps or transplants. However, often autologous tissue is not useable. This is one of the reasons for the increasing interest among plastic surgeons for tissue engineering, and it has led to fruitful cross-fertilizations between the fields. Tissue engineering is defined as an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences for development of biologic substitutes designed to maintain, restore, or improve tissue functions. These methods have already dramatically improved the possibilities to treat a number of medical conditions, and can arbitrarily be divided into two main principles: > Methods where autologous cells are cultured in vitro and transplanted by means of a cell suspension, a graft, or in a 3-D biodegradable matrix as carrier. > Methods where the tissue of interest is stimulated and given the right prerequisites to regenerate the tissue in vivo/situ with the assistance of implantation of specially designed materials, or application of substances that regulate cell functions - guided tissue regeneration. We have shown that human mammary epithelial cells and adipocytes could be isolated from tissue biopsies and that the cells kept their proliferative ability. When co-cultured in a 3-D matrix, patterns of ductal structures of epithelial cells embedded in clusters of adipocytes, mimicking the in vivo architecture of human breast tissue, were seen. This indicated that human autologous breast tissue can be regenerated in vitro. The adipose tissue is also generally used to correct soft tissue defects e.g. by autologous fat transplantation. Alas 30-70% of the transplanted fat is commonly resorbed. Preadipocytes are believed to be hardier and also able to replicate, and hence, are probably more useful for fat transplantation. We showed that by using cell culture techniques, significantly more pre-adipocytes could survive and proliferate in vitro compared to two clinically used techniques of fat graft handling. Theoretically, a biopsy of fat could generate enough preadipocytes to seed a biodegradable matrix that is implanted to correct a defect. The cells in the matrix will replicate at a rate that parallels the vascular development, the matrix subsequently degrades and the cell-matrix complex is replaced by regenerated, vascularized adipose tissue. We further evaluated different biodegradable scaffolds usable for tissue engineering of soft tissues. A macroporous gelatin sphere showed several appealing characteristics. A number of primary human ecto- and mesodermal cells were proven to thrive on the gelatin spheres when cultured in spinner flasks. As the spheres are biodegradable, it follows that the cells can be cultured and expanded on the same substrate that functions as a transplantation vehicle and scaffold for tissue engineering of soft tissues. To evaluate the in vivo behavior of cells and gelatin spheres, an animal study was performed where human fibroblasts and preadipocytes were cultured on the spheres and injected intra-dermally. Cell-seeded spheres were compared with injections of empty spheres and cell suspensions. The pre-seeded spheres showed a near complete regeneration of the soft tissues with neoangiogenesis. Some tissue regeneration was seen also in the ‘naked’ spheres but no effect was shown by cell injections. In a human pilot-study, intradermally injected spheres were compared with hyaluronan. Volume-stability was inferior to hyaluronan but a near complete regeneration of the dermis was proven, indicating that the volume-effect is permanent in contrast to hyaluronan which eventually will be resorbed. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate the effect of the macroporous gelatin spheres, with or without cellular pre-seeding, as a matrix for guided tissue regeneration. However, we believe that the prospect to use these spheres as an injectable, 3D, biodegradable matrix will greatly enhance our possibilities to regenerate tissues through guided tissue regeneration.On the day of the defence date the status of article V was In Press.
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Ochareon, Pannee. "Craniofacial periosteal cell capacities /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6387.
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Borrasca, Albanir Gabriel [UNESP]. "Análise do processo de reparo ósseo de cavidades cirúrgicas preenchidas com osso autógeno e recobertas por membrana de matriz óssea homógena e de politetrafluoretileno em ratos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101053.
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Proposição: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, qualitativa e quantitativamente, o comportamento da membrana de matriz óssea homógena desmineralizada e conservada em glicerinae e membrana de Ptfe no processo de reparo ósseo de cavidades cirúrgicas preenchidas com osso autógeno realizadas em tíbias de ratos Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados 60 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) machos, com aproximadamente 250 gramas divididos em três grupos: o grupo I (Controle-sem membrana), grupo II (membrana homógena) e grupo III (membrana de ptfe). Após tricotomia, anestesia e antissepsia foi realizada uma incisão longitudinal nas regiões antero-laterais de cada tibia. Após exposição das tíbias, duas cavidades cirúrgicas de 2mm de diâmetro foram preparadas com trefina em baixa-rotação refrigerada, uma no membro posterior esquerdo e outra no membro posterior direito, sendo a primeira preenchida com o osso autógeno particulado coletado durante a realização das duas cavidades e recobertas pelas membranas utilizadas no estudo. Aos 10 e 60 dias pós-operatórios os animais foram eutanaziados e as peças obtidas foram processadas laboratorialmente para a realização de cortes semi-seriados com seis micrômetros de espessura e corados pela hematoxilina e eosina para análise histomorfométrica. Resultados e Conclusão: A membrana homógena mostrou-se biocompatível e cumpriu sua função e em termos de área óssea neoformada as membranas obtiveram desempenho semelhantes
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of membrane of a demineralized homogenous bone matrix and preserved in glycerin and the Ptfe membrane in the process of bony repair of surgical cavities filled out with autogenous bone accomplished in tibias rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male rats weighing approximately 250 g were selected and assigned to two groups, as follows. Group I (without membrane), Group II (homogenous membrane) and Group III ( Ptfe membrane). After anesthesia, shaving and antisepsis, a longitudinal incision was made in the anterolateral areas of each tibia. After exhibition of the tibias, two surgical cavities of 2mm of diameter were prepared with trefina in refrigerated low-rotation, one in the left posterior member, other in the right subsequent member, being the first filled out with particulate autogenous bone collected during the accomplishment of the two cavities and covered with the membrane. Ten and sixty days postoperatively, the animals were euthanized and the anatomical pieces were submitted to routine laboratorial processing and serially sectioned to obtain 6-μm-thick sections, which were stained by hematoxylin and eosin for histomorphometric analysis. Results and Conclusions: The homogenous membrane proved to be biocompatible and fulfilled its function and in terms of bone area formation membranes had similar performance
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França, Isabela Lima 1987. "Técnica de retalho semilunar posicionado coronariamente com ou sem associação à proteína derivada das matriz do esmalte para o tratamento de recessões gengivais : estudo clínico controlado randomizado." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290818.
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Orientador: Enilson Antonio SallumDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, clinicamente, a utilização do Retalho Semilunar Posicionado Coronariamente (RSPC) para tratamento de recessões gengivais, com ou sem associação à proteína derivada da matriz do esmalte (EMD). Foram selecionados 30 pacientes, que foram randomizados e alocados em dois grupos: teste (RSPC + EMD) e controle (RSPC sozinho). Para serem incluídos no estudo, os indivíduos deveriam apresentar recessões gengivais vestibulares localizadas classe I de Miller com altura maior ou igual a 2,0mm e menor que 4,0 mm, em caninos ou pré-molares superiores. Parâmetros clínicos avaliados: altura da recessão gengival (ARG), largura da recessão gengival (LRG), nível de inserção clínica (NIC), profundidade de sondagem (PS), altura de tecido queratinizado (ATQ), espessura de tecido queratinizado (ETQ) e altura (AP) e largura (LP) das papilas mesial e distal, além de índice de placa (IPL) e índice gengival (IG). Estes parâmetros foram medidos nos seguintes períodos: baseline, 90 dias e 180 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os grupos em relação à redução da retração gengival com 6 meses de acompanhamento, embora tenha sido encontrada maior porcentagem de cobertura radicular no grupo RSPC+EMD (91%), quando comparado ao RSPC (87%) (p>0,05). Cobertura radicular completa foi obtida em 60% dos sítios no RSPC enquanto no grupo RSPC+EMD foi observada em 66,67% dos sítios. Dentro dos limites do presente estudo pôde-se concluir que o RSPC, associado ou não a EMD, levou a redução da recessão gengival, sem diferença estatística entre os grupos, após 6 meses de acompanhamento pós-operatório
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically the use of the Semilunar Coronally Positioned Flap (SCPF) for the treatment of gingival recessions, with or without Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMD). Thirty patients were selected, randomized and allocated in two groups: test (SCPF + EMD) and control (SCPF alone). To attend the study, subjects should present buccal Miller class I gingival recessions with height greater than or equal to 2.0 mm and less than to 4.0 mm in maxillary canines or premolars. Clinical parameters evaluated: gingival recession height (GRH), gingival recession width (GRW), clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), height (HKT) and thickness (TKT) of keratinized tissue and papillas height (HP) and width (LP), as well as plaque and gingival index. These data were collected at baseline, 90 days and 180 days after surgery. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the reduction of gingival recession after 6 months of follow-up, although a higher percentage of root coverage was found in SCPF + EMD group (91%), when compared to the SCPF (87%) (p> 0.05). Complete root coverage was observed in 60% of the sites of the control group (SCPF alone) and in 66,67% of the sites of the test group (SCPF+EMD). Within the limits of this study it was concluded that SCPF, associated or not with EMD may provide a reduction in gingival recession, with no statistical difference between groups
Mestrado
Periodontia
Mestra em Clínica Odontológica
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Yang, Peter J. "Incorporation of protease-sensitive biomaterial degradation and tensile strain for applications in ligament-bone interface tissue engineering." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42840.
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The interface between tendon/ligament and bone tissue is a complex transition of biochemical, cellular, and mechanical properties. Investigating computational and tissue engineering models that imitate aspects of this interface may supply critical design parameters for designing future tissue replacements to promote increased biochemical and mechanical integration between tendon/ligament and bone. Strategies for modeling this tissue have typically focused on the development of heterogeneous structures to create gradients or multiphasic materials that mimic aspects of the transition. However, further work is required to elucidate the role of specific mechanical and material stimuli in recapitulating features of the tendon/ligament-bone insertion. In particular, in constructs that exhibit variation in both mechanical and biochemical properties, the interplay of mechanical, material, and chemical signals can complicate understanding of the particular factors at work in interface formation. Thus, the overall goal of this dissertation was to provide insight into the role of mechanical strain and scaffold degradability on cell behavior within heterogeneous biomaterials.
Specifically, a method for determining cell vertical position within a degradable gel through a laminated interface was developed. A computational model was created to examine possible variation in local mechanical strain due to heterogeneity in mechanical properties and different interface geometries. Finally, the influence of biomaterial degradability on changes in encapsulated human mesenchymal stem cell morphology under response to cyclic mechanical strain was explored. Together, these studies provide insight into mechanical and material design considerations when devising tissue engineering strategies to regenerate the tendon/ligament-bone interface.
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Vallés, Lluch Ana. "P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites for guided dentin tissue regeneration: structure, characterization and bioactivity." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3795.
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Se sintetizaron nanocompuestos híbridos en bloque de poli(etil metacrilato-co-hidroxietil acrilato) 70/30 wt%/sílice, P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2, con distintas proporciones de sílice hasta el 30 wt%. El procedimiento de síntesis consistió en la copolimerización de los monómeros orgánicos durante la polimerización sol-gel simultánea de tetraetoxisilano, TEOS como precursor de sílice.
El TEOS se hidroliza eficientemente y condensa dando lugar a sílice, y presenta una distribución homogénea en forma de agregados inconexos de nanopartículas de sílice elementales en los híbridos con bajos contenidos de sílice (<10 wt%) o redes continuas interpenetradas con la red orgánica tras la coalescencia de los agregados de sílice (>10 wt%). La red polimérica orgánica se forma en los poros producidos en el interior de las nanopartículas elementales de sílice, y también en los poros formados entre los agregados de nanopartículas.
Los nanohíbridos con contenidos de sílice intermedios (10-20 wt%) exhibieron las propiedades más equilibradas e interesantes: i) refuerzo mecánico de la matriz orgánica conseguida gracias a redes de sílice continuas e interpenetradas, ii) buena capacidad de hinchado debida a la expansión de la red orgánica no impedida todavía por un esqueleto de sílice rígido, y a un número alto de grupos silanol terminales hidrófilos (concentraciones inorgánicas en los alrededores de la coalescencia), y iii) mayor reactividad superficial debido a un contenido relativo bastante elevado de grupos polares silanol terminales disponibles en las superficies.
La 'bioactividad' o capacidad de los materiales en bloque de formar hidroxiapatita (HAp) sobre sus superficies fue estudiada in vitro sumergiéndolos en fluido biológico simulado (simulated body fluid, SBF). La formación de la capa de HAp viene controlada por el mecanismo y el tiempo de inducción a la nucleación de la misma, que dependen a su vez de la estructura de la sílice.Vallés Lluch, A. (2008). P(EMA-co-HEA)/SiO2 hybrid nanocomposites for guided dentin tissue regeneration: structure, characterization and bioactivity [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/3795
Palancia
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Borrasca, Albanir Gabriel. "Análise do processo de reparo ósseo de cavidades cirúrgicas preenchidas com osso autógeno e recobertas por membrana de matriz óssea homógena e de politetrafluoretileno em ratos /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101053.
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Orientador: Osvaldo Magro FilhoCoorientador: Alessandra Marcondes Aranega
Banca: Edmur Aparecido Callestini
Banca: Eleonor Álvaro Garbin Júnior
Banca: Daniela Ponzoni
Banca: Celso Koogi Sonoda
Resumo: Proposição: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, qualitativa e quantitativamente, o comportamento da membrana de matriz óssea homógena desmineralizada e conservada em glicerinae e membrana de Ptfe no processo de reparo ósseo de cavidades cirúrgicas preenchidas com osso autógeno realizadas em tíbias de ratos Material e Métodos: Foram utilizados 60 ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus, Wistar) machos, com aproximadamente 250 gramas divididos em três grupos: o grupo I (Controle-sem membrana), grupo II (membrana homógena) e grupo III (membrana de ptfe). Após tricotomia, anestesia e antissepsia foi realizada uma incisão longitudinal nas regiões antero-laterais de cada tibia. Após exposição das tíbias, duas cavidades cirúrgicas de 2mm de diâmetro foram preparadas com trefina em baixa-rotação refrigerada, uma no membro posterior esquerdo e outra no membro posterior direito, sendo a primeira preenchida com o osso autógeno particulado coletado durante a realização das duas cavidades e recobertas pelas membranas utilizadas no estudo. Aos 10 e 60 dias pós-operatórios os animais foram eutanaziados e as peças obtidas foram processadas laboratorialmente para a realização de cortes semi-seriados com seis micrômetros de espessura e corados pela hematoxilina e eosina para análise histomorfométrica. Resultados e Conclusão: A membrana homógena mostrou-se biocompatível e cumpriu sua função e em termos de área óssea neoformada as membranas obtiveram desempenho semelhantes
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of membrane of a demineralized homogenous bone matrix and preserved in glycerin and the Ptfe membrane in the process of bony repair of surgical cavities filled out with autogenous bone accomplished in tibias rats. Materials and Methods: Sixty male rats weighing approximately 250 g were selected and assigned to two groups, as follows. Group I (without membrane), Group II (homogenous membrane) and Group III ( Ptfe membrane). After anesthesia, shaving and antisepsis, a longitudinal incision was made in the anterolateral areas of each tibia. After exhibition of the tibias, two surgical cavities of 2mm of diameter were prepared with trefina in refrigerated low-rotation, one in the left posterior member, other in the right subsequent member, being the first filled out with particulate autogenous bone collected during the accomplishment of the two cavities and covered with the membrane. Ten and sixty days postoperatively, the animals were euthanized and the anatomical pieces were submitted to routine laboratorial processing and serially sectioned to obtain 6-μm-thick sections, which were stained by hematoxylin and eosin for histomorphometric analysis. Results and Conclusions: The homogenous membrane proved to be biocompatible and fulfilled its function and in terms of bone area formation membranes had similar performance
Doutor
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Boerckel, Joel David. "Mechanical regulation of bone regeneration and vascular growth in vivo." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41063.
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Regeneration of large bone defects presents a critical challenge to orthopaedic clinicians as the current treatment strategies are severely limited. Tissue engineering has therefore emerged as a promising alternative to bone grafting techniques. This approach features the delivery of bioactive agents such as stem cells, genes, or proteins using biomaterial delivery systems which together stimulate endogenous repair mechanisms to regenerate the tissue. Because bone is a highly mechanosensitive tissue which responds and adapts dynamically to its mechanical environment, application of mechanical stimuli may enhance endogenous tissue repair. While mechanical loading has been shown to stimulate bone fracture healing, the ability of loading to enhance large bone defect regeneration has not been evaluated.
The goal of this thesis was to evaluate the ability of sustained osteogenic growth factor delivery and functional biomechanical loading to stimulate vascularized repair of large bone defects in a rat segmental defect model. First, we evaluated the hypothesis that the relationship between protein dose and regenerative efficacy depends on delivery system. We determined the dose-response relationship between dose of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and bone regeneration in a hybrid alginate-based protein delivery system and compared with the current clinically-used collagen sponge. The hybrid delivery system improved bone formation and reduced the effective dose due to its sustained delivery properties in vivo. Next, we tested the hypothesis that transfer of compressive ambulatory loads during segmental defect repair enhances bone formation and subsequent limb regeneration. We found that delayed application of axial loads enhanced bone regeneration by altering bone formation, tissue differentiation and remodeling, and local strain distribution. Finally, we evaluated the hypothesis that in vivo mechanical loading can enhance neovascular growth to influence bone formation. We found that early mechanical loading disrupted neovascular growth, resulting in impaired bone healing, while delayed loading induced vascular remodeling and enhanced bone formation.
Together, this thesis presents the effects of dose and delivery system on BMP-mediated bone regeneration and demonstrates for the first time the effects of in vivo mechanical loading on vascularized regeneration of large bone defects.
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Silvério, Karina Gonzales [UNESP]. "O efeito do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básico aplicado em superfícies radiculares condicionadas com cloridrato de tetraciclina ou EDTA na morfologia e densidade de fibroblastos. Estudo in vitro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96225.
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silverio_kg_me_arafo.pdf: 1644294 bytes, checksum: 5d943591d5c51a3846c75163db9a2ebb (MD5)O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar in vitro o efeito do condicionamento radicular com fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básico (b-FGF) sobre a morfologia e densidade de fibroblastos. Para tal, blocos de dentina com 4 mm2 de área de superfície foram obtidos de raízes de dentes humanos extraídos devido severo envolvimento periodontal, sendo instrumentados manualmente e autoclavados. Noventa amostras foram selecionadas aleatoriamente e distribuídas em 3 grupos segundo o tratamento de superfície prévio ao condicionamento com o b-FGF: sem tratamento - controle; 50 mg/mL de cloridrato de tetraciclina e EDTA a 24%. As 30 amostras de cada um destes 3 grupos foram distribuídas em 3 subgrupos quanto à dose de b-FGF: 0 æg/mL - controle; 50 æg/mL e 125 æg/mL. Após os tratamentos, as amostras foram incubadas a 37º C e 98% de umidade com 2mL de meio Eagle, sendo 1mL com fibroblastos de linhagem contínua (células McCoy) na concentração de 1 x 105 células/mL e 1mL meio sem células, por 24 h. Após as 24 h, as amostras foram submetidas a preparo de rotina para MEV e então, fotomicrografadas nos aumentos de 500X (densidade celular) e 1000X (morfologia celular). Em seguida, as fotomicrografias foram avaliadas por 3 examinadores treinados, calibrados, independentes e cegos, os quais verificaram morfologia e densidade celular segundo os escores propostos por Gamal et al. (1998) e Jenkins et al. (1988), respectivamente. A aplicação da Análise de Regressão pela Técnica da Árvore demonstrou haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes para a densidade celular (p<0,0001) entre os grupos EDTA, tetraciclina e controle, sendo que também houve diferenças entre as doses de 0/50 æg e 125 æg de b-FGF nas amostras condicionadas com EDTA (p<0,0001) e entre as doses de 0 e 50/125 æg de b-FGF nas amostras condicionadas com tetraciclina... .
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of the root surface conditioning with basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) about morphology and density of fibroblasts. Dentin slices of with 4 mm2 of surface area were obtained from roots of teeth extracted due to severe periodontal involvment. These were scaled and sterilized. Ninety samples were randomly distributed into 3 groups according to treatment before application of b-FGF: non-treated - control; 50mg/mL of tetracycline HCl and EDTA 24%. The thirty samples of each group were distributed into 3 subgroups according to the concentration of b-FGF: 0 æg/mL - control; 50 æg/mL and 125 æg/mL. After treatments, the samples were incubated at 37ºC and 98% humidity with 1mL of Eagle Medium with 1 x 105 cells/mL of fibroblast from continuos lineage (McCoy Cells) plus 1mL this solution without cells during 24 hours. The samples were submitted to routine preparation for SEM and photographed at 500x (density celular) and 1000x (morphology celular). Three independent and blind examiners evaluated the fibroblast`s morphology and density, according to Gamam et al. (1998) and Jenkins et al. (1998), respectively. Classification and Regression Trees test results indicated significant differences on the density (p<0,0001) among EDTA, tetracycline and control groups with also differences between concentrations of 0/50æg and 125æg of b-FGF at the samples conditioning with EDTA (p<0,0001) and between concentrations of 0 and 50/125 æg of b-FGF at the samples conditioning with tetracycline(p<0,0001). The results of this test to morphology indicated significant differences between treatment or non-treatment with b-FGF, and that concentration of 125 æg demonstrated to be more favorable than the concentration of 50 æg. In conclusion, the treatment of root surfaces with b-FGF influenced the density... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
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Nadeem, Muhammad. "Synthesis and characterization of biopolymer nanoapatite composite electrospun bioactive scaffold: A potential application for guided tissue/bone regeneration." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7040.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhDSearch for an ideal scaffold for guided tissue/bone (GTR/GBR) regeneration continues as till now none of the commercially available GTR/GBR membrane fulfils the desired criteria. Currently, a variety of new materials and techniques have been investigated all over the world to improve the properties of GTR/GBR membranes. In the recent past three dimensional bioactive scaffolds composed of natural polymers have gained enormous popularity as potential future GTR/GBR devices. Electrospinning has emerged as one of the relatively simple, cost effective and efficient technique to fabricate three dimensional nanofibrous scaffolds in the field of tissue engineering. The rationale of this project is to investigate the natural polymers based bioactive nanofibrous scaffolds for GTR/GBR applications in the field of Periodontology.
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Oliveira, Cristiane Aparecida de. "Análise histológica da utilização da matriz dérmica acelular e da matriz de pericárdio bovino, associados ao retalho reposicionado coronariamente, no tratamento de deiscências ósseas criadas cirurgicamente em cães /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104743.
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Orientador: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici MarcantonioBanca: Joni Augusto Cirelli
Banca: Elizabeth Pimentel Rosetti
Banca: Washington Rodrigues Camargo
Banca: Giuseppe Alexandre Romito
Resumo: O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar histológica e histometricamente o resultado da utilização das matrizes de colágeno de Pericárdio Bovino (MPB) e Dérmica Acelular (MAD) no tratamento de deiscências ósseas criadas cirurgicamente em cães. Foram criados defeitos periodontais do tipo deiscência óssea na superfície vestibular dos 2os, 3os e 4os pré-molares inferiores de seis cães. Estes dentes foram divididos em 3 grupos: grupo I: MAD; grupo II: controle e grupo III: MPB, ambos com reposição coronária do retalho. Após 70 dias os animais foram sacrificados, os dentes retirados em bloco e processados histologicamente. Realizou-se análise histológica descritiva e histométrica, medindo-se a extensão do tecido epitelial, neoformação óssea e cementária e nível gengival para os grupos I, II e III. Os resultados demonstraram valores estatisticamente iguais para as medianas (em mm) dos valores de epitélio: 1,49, 1,91 e 1,82; cemento: 3,18, 3,09 e 3,31 respectivamente para os grupos I, II e III. Foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à neoformação óssea, com medianas (em mm) de 1,23, 1,82 e 1,62, respectivamente para os grupos I, II e III. Foi observado escasso infiltrado inflamatório. Com isso, pudemos concluir que as matrizes de MPB e MAD são materiais que permitem a reparação dos tecidos periodontais.
Abstract: The goal of this investigation was to compare, histologically and histometrically, the healing process of dehiscence-type defects treated by acellular dermal matrix (AD) and bovine pericardium matrix (PB). Six mongrel dogs were used. Buccal osseous deiscences were surgically created on mesial roots of the mandibular second, third and fourth premolars. The defects were randomly assigned to one of the treatments: AD, control and PB. After 70 days of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the blocks were processed. The histometric parameters evaluated included: gingival level, epithelial length, new cementum and new bone. No statistically significant differences were found between PB, AD and control groups for epithelial length and new cementum parameters (p<0,05). Statistically significant differences were found between PB, AD and control groups for new bone (minor for AD). The presence of a slight inflammation was observed. Withim the limits of this study, it can be concluded that PB and AD showed good biocompatibility, but did not bring a complete periodontal tissue regeneration.
Doutor
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Bianucci, Henri Chapman Jr. "Periodontal Healing of Canine Experimental Grade III Furcation Defects Treated With Autologous Fibrinogen and Resolut® Barrier Membrane." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36760.
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Experimental grade III furcation defects were developed bilaterally at the second and fourth premolars in 18 conditioned, laboratory-source, adult Beagles and maintained for 12 weeks. All defects were treated with debridement and mucoperiosteal flap repositioning alone, or with the addition of autologous fibrinogen, Resolut® barrier membrane, or autologous fibrinogen and Resolut® barrier membrane. The defects were analyzed by digital subtraction radiography, histopathologic, and histomorphometric analysis of healing at 1, 3, and 6 months post-treatment to determine: percent increase in defect bone volume, height and area, and length of periodontal regeneration along the perimeter of the defect. Comparisons at post-treatment intervals indicated significantly (P < 0.05) greater healing of debridement and autologous fibrinogen treated defects at 3 months, however by 6 months there were no significant differences in defect healing for all histomorphometric parameters. Defects receiving Resolut® were associated with significantly less root ankylosis. Defects receiving debridement alone had significantly greater increases in bone volume, as calculated with digital subtraction radiography, at 6 months post-treatment compared with groups receiving Resolut®. There was a significant correlation between regenerated bone area, bone volume, and periodontal regeneration for all treatments at 3 and 6 months post-treatment.
In this study autologous fibrinogen and Resolut® barrier membrane did not enhance the amount of periodontal healing compared with debridement only. However, Resolut® treated defects were essentially absent of root ankylosis. Therefore, canine periodontitis causing grade III furcation involvement may respond equally well to conservative periodontal surgery compared with guided tissue regenerative techniques. However, the prevention of root ankylosis may provide a substantial benefit favoring this latter methodology.Master of Science
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Wang, Xiaokun. "Fabrication of electrospun fibrous meshes and 3D porous titanium scaffolds for tissue engineering." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51724.
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Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that is rapidly emerging as a promising approach for tissue repair and regeneration. In this approach, scaffolds which allow cells to invade the construct and guide the cells grow into specific tissue play a pivotal role. Electrospinning has gained popularity recently as a simple and versatile method to produce fibrous structures with nano- to microscale dimensions. These electrospun fibers have been extensively applied to create nanofiber scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Specifically for bone and cartilage tissue engineering, polymeric materials have some attractive properties such as the biodegradability. Ceramic scaffolds and implant coatings, such as hydroxyapatite and silica-based bioglass have also been considered as bone graft substitutes for bone repair because of their bioactivity and, in some cases, tunable resorbability. Besides tissue engineering scaffolds, for clinical application, especially for load-bearing artificial implants, metallic materials such as titanium are the most commonly used material. Osseointegration between bone and implants is very essential for implant success. To achieve better osseointegration between bone and the implant surface, three dimensional porous structures can provide enhanced fixation with bone by allowing tissue to grow into the pores. In this study, pre-3D electrospun polymer and ceramic scaffolds with peptide conjugation and 3D titanium scaffolds with different surface morphology were fabricated to testify the osteoblast and mensechymal stem cell attachment and differentiation. The overall goal of this thesis is to determine if the peptide functionalization of polymeric scaffolds and physical parameters of ceramic and metallic scaffold can promote osteoblast maturation and mesenchymal stem cell differentiation in vitro to achieve an optimal scaffold design for greater osseointegration. The results of the studies showed with functionalization of MSC- specific peptide, polymer scaffolds behaved with higher biocompatibility and MSC affinity. For the ceramic and metallic scaffolds, microstructures and nanostructures can synergistically promote osteoblast maturation and 3D micro-environment with micro-roughness is a promising design for osteoblast maturation and MSC differentiation in vitro compared to 2D surfaces.
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Patterson, Jennifer. "Regenerative matrices for oriented bone growth in craniofacial and dental repair /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8018.
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Oliveira, Cristiane Aparecida de [UNESP]. "Análise histológica da utilização da matriz dérmica acelular e da matriz de pericárdio bovino, associados ao retalho reposicionado coronariamente, no tratamento de deiscências ósseas criadas cirurgicamente em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104743.
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oliveira_ca_dr_arafo.pdf: 373237 bytes, checksum: 63181781c60cf9cb130f5b53b34e9b3d (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar histológica e histometricamente o resultado da utilização das matrizes de colágeno de Pericárdio Bovino (MPB) e Dérmica Acelular (MAD) no tratamento de deiscências ósseas criadas cirurgicamente em cães. Foram criados defeitos periodontais do tipo deiscência óssea na superfície vestibular dos 2os, 3os e 4os pré-molares inferiores de seis cães. Estes dentes foram divididos em 3 grupos: grupo I: MAD; grupo II: controle e grupo III: MPB, ambos com reposição coronária do retalho. Após 70 dias os animais foram sacrificados, os dentes retirados em bloco e processados histologicamente. Realizou-se análise histológica descritiva e histométrica, medindo-se a extensão do tecido epitelial, neoformação óssea e cementária e nível gengival para os grupos I, II e III. Os resultados demonstraram valores estatisticamente iguais para as medianas (em mm) dos valores de epitélio: 1,49, 1,91 e 1,82; cemento: 3,18, 3,09 e 3,31 respectivamente para os grupos I, II e III. Foi encontrada diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à neoformação óssea, com medianas (em mm) de 1,23, 1,82 e 1,62, respectivamente para os grupos I, II e III. Foi observado escasso infiltrado inflamatório. Com isso, pudemos concluir que as matrizes de MPB e MAD são materiais que permitem a reparação dos tecidos periodontais.
The goal of this investigation was to compare, histologically and histometrically, the healing process of dehiscence-type defects treated by acellular dermal matrix (AD) and bovine pericardium matrix (PB). Six mongrel dogs were used. Buccal osseous deiscences were surgically created on mesial roots of the mandibular second, third and fourth premolars. The defects were randomly assigned to one of the treatments: AD, control and PB. After 70 days of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the blocks were processed. The histometric parameters evaluated included: gingival level, epithelial length, new cementum and new bone. No statistically significant differences were found between PB, AD and control groups for epithelial length and new cementum parameters (p<0,05). Statistically significant differences were found between PB, AD and control groups for new bone (minor for AD). The presence of a slight inflammation was observed. Withim the limits of this study, it can be concluded that PB and AD showed good biocompatibility, but did not bring a complete periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Gutta, Rajesh. "Barrier membranes for ridge augmentation is there an optimal pore size? /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/gutta.pdf.
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Pereira, Sergio Luis da Silva. "Avaliação histologica e histometrica do uso de membramas não reabsorviveis e reabsorviveis em defeitos periodontais cirurgicamente criados em cães." [s.n.], 1999. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290833.
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Orientadores: Enilson Antonio Sallum, Antonio Wilson SallumTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar, histológica e histometricamente, o processo de cura de defeitos tipo deiscência tratados pela técnica de regeneração tecidual guiada (RTG) com membranas reabsorvíveis de ácido poliláctico e não reabsorvíveis de politetrafluoroetileno expandido (PTFE-e). Seis cães adultos fêmeas de raça indefinida foram utilizados. Defeitos ósseos tipo deiscência foram criados cirurgicamente nas raízes distais dos terceiros e quartos pré molares mandibulares de ambos os lados e expostos ao acúmulo de placa por 3 meses. Após este período, os defeitos foram aleatoriamente designados para um dos tratamentos: RTG com membrana reabsorvível de ácido poliláctico (Grupo 1), RTG com membrana não reabsorvível de PTFE-e (Grupo 2), raspagem e alisamento radicular manual com acesso cirúrgico (Grupo 3) e não tratado (Grupo 4). Após 3 meses do segundo procedimento cirúrgico, os cães foram sacrificados e os espécimes processados para permitir análise histológica e histométrica, incluindo. os seguintes parâmetros: extensão linear do epitélio sulcular e juncional, adaptação do tecido conjuntivo, novo cemento, extensão vertical do novo osso e nova área óssea. Uma extensão linear de novo cemento estatisticamente superior (P<0.05) foi observada nos sítios tratados pela RTG, independente do tipo de membrana utilizada, em comparação com o Grupo 3. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre o Grupo 1 e 2 em todos os parâmetros avaliados, exceto em relação à área de novo osso. O grupo 1 apresentou uma área de novo osso estatisticamente superior a dos outros grupos (P<0.05). Dentro dos limites deste estudo pôde-se concluir que ambas as membranas foram igualmente efetivas em promover nova formação cementária e que a membrana reabsorvível de ácido poliláctico (não-suturada) providenciou uma maior área óssea em relação à membrana não reabsorvível de PTFE-e
Abstract: The goal of this investigation was to compare histollogically and histometrically the healing process of dehiscence-type defects treated by guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with resorbable polylactic acid membranes and nonresorbable ePTFE membranes. Six mongrel dogs were used. Buccal osseous dehiscences were surgically created on the distal roots of the mandibular third and fourth premolars. The defects were exposed to plaque accumulation for 3 months. After this period, the defects were randomly assigned to one ofthe treatments: GTR with resorbable membrane (GTR1), GTR with nonresorbable membrane (GTR2), open flap debridement (OFD) and non-treated control (NTC). After 3 months of healing, the dogs were sacrificed and the blocks were processed. The histometric parameters evaluated included: length of sulcular and junctional epithelium, connective tissue adaptation, new cementum, new bone (vertical component) and new bone area. A superior length of new cementum was observed in the sites treated by GTR, regardless of the type of barrier used (P<0.05), in comparison with OFD. No statistically significant differences were found between GTRl and GTR2 in all the parameters with the exception ofbone area. GTRl presented a greater bone area (P<0.05) when compared to GTR2, OFD and NTC. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that both batriers are equally effective for new cementum formation. The resorbable membrane (non-sutured) may provide a better osseous response than the nonresorbable membrane
Doutorado
Periodontia
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica
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Silvério, Karina Gonzales. "O efeito do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básico aplicado em superfícies radiculares condicionadas com cloridrato de tetraciclina ou EDTA na morfologia e densidade de fibroblastos. Estudo in vitro /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96225.
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Orientador: Carlos Rossa JúniorBanca: José Eduardo Cezar Sampaio
Banca: Ana Paula Vieira Colombo
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar in vitro o efeito do condicionamento radicular com fator de crescimento de fibroblastos básico (b-FGF) sobre a morfologia e densidade de fibroblastos. Para tal, blocos de dentina com 4 mm2 de área de superfície foram obtidos de raízes de dentes humanos extraídos devido severo envolvimento periodontal, sendo instrumentados manualmente e autoclavados. Noventa amostras foram selecionadas aleatoriamente e distribuídas em 3 grupos segundo o tratamento de superfície prévio ao condicionamento com o b-FGF: sem tratamento - controle; 50 mg/mL de cloridrato de tetraciclina e EDTA a 24%. As 30 amostras de cada um destes 3 grupos foram distribuídas em 3 subgrupos quanto à dose de b-FGF: 0 æg/mL - controle; 50 æg/mL e 125 æg/mL. Após os tratamentos, as amostras foram incubadas a 37º C e 98% de umidade com 2mL de meio Eagle, sendo 1mL com fibroblastos de linhagem contínua (células McCoy) na concentração de 1 x 105 células/mL e 1mL meio sem células, por 24 h. Após as 24 h, as amostras foram submetidas a preparo de rotina para MEV e então, fotomicrografadas nos aumentos de 500X (densidade celular) e 1000X (morfologia celular). Em seguida, as fotomicrografias foram avaliadas por 3 examinadores treinados, calibrados, independentes e cegos, os quais verificaram morfologia e densidade celular segundo os escores propostos por Gamal et al. (1998) e Jenkins et al. (1988), respectivamente. A aplicação da Análise de Regressão pela Técnica da Árvore demonstrou haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes para a densidade celular (p<0,0001) entre os grupos EDTA, tetraciclina e controle, sendo que também houve diferenças entre as doses de 0/50 æg e 125 æg de b-FGF nas amostras condicionadas com EDTA (p<0,0001) e entre as doses de 0 e 50/125 æg de b-FGF nas amostras condicionadas com tetraciclina... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo).
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect of the root surface conditioning with basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) about morphology and density of fibroblasts. Dentin slices of with 4 mm2 of surface area were obtained from roots of teeth extracted due to severe periodontal involvment. These were scaled and sterilized. Ninety samples were randomly distributed into 3 groups according to treatment before application of b-FGF: non-treated - control; 50mg/mL of tetracycline HCl and EDTA 24%. The thirty samples of each group were distributed into 3 subgroups according to the concentration of b-FGF: 0 æg/mL - control; 50 æg/mL and 125 æg/mL. After treatments, the samples were incubated at 37ºC and 98% humidity with 1mL of Eagle Medium with 1 x 105 cells/mL of fibroblast from continuos lineage (McCoy Cells) plus 1mL this solution without cells during 24 hours. The samples were submitted to routine preparation for SEM and photographed at 500x (density celular) and 1000x (morphology celular). Three independent and blind examiners evaluated the fibroblast's morphology and density, according to Gamam et al. (1998) and Jenkins et al. (1998), respectively. Classification and Regression Trees test results indicated significant differences on the density (p<0,0001) among EDTA, tetracycline and control groups with also differences between concentrations of 0/50æg and 125æg of b-FGF at the samples conditioning with EDTA (p<0,0001) and between concentrations of 0 and 50/125 æg of b-FGF at the samples conditioning with tetracycline(p<0,0001). The results of this test to morphology indicated significant differences between treatment or non-treatment with b-FGF, and that concentration of 125 æg demonstrated to be more favorable than the concentration of 50 æg. In conclusion, the treatment of root surfaces with b-FGF influenced the density... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Mestre
30
Ihlenfeld, Insa [Verfasser], and Fabian [Akademischer Betreuer] Cieplik. "Überlebensanalyse und klinische Langzeitergebnisse bis zu 26 Jahre nach Guided Tissue Regeneration-Therapie in intraossären parodontalen Defekten / Insa Ihlenfeld ; Betreuer: Fabian Cieplik." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220080594/34.
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Silva, Vanessa Camila da [UNESP]. "Efeito da movimentação ortodôntica sobre lesão de furca grau II tratada com matriz mineral óssea bovina e membrana absorvível: estudo histológico e histométrico em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96200.
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silva_vc_me_arafo.pdf: 1730174 bytes, checksum: ce33d44b50196aca4d9f0d95f23a7f81 (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar as reações teciduais em lesões de furca Grau II em 2ºs pré-molares de cães após tratamento com matriz mineral óssea bovina e membrana absorvível e movimentação ortodôntica de translação para mesial. Foram criadas lesões de furca Grau II nos 2º pré-molares superiores de 4 cães, totalizando 8 lesões. Após 75 dias, estas foram tratadas pela técnica de Regeneração Tecidual Guiada com membrana absorvível associada ao preenchimento com matriz mineral óssea bovina. Deu-se início ao controle de placa com gel de clorexidina 0,2% 5 vezes por semana até o final do estudo. Após 2 meses do tratamento, os 2ºs pré-molares foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos (teste e controle) e foi instalado aparelho ortodôntico em ambos os lados, sendo os 3ºs pré-molares e caninos superiores usados como ancoragem. No lado teste a movimentação ortodôntica foi realizada durante 3 meses. Os animais foram sacrificados, e os 2ºs pré-molares removidos em bloco e processados para análise histológica. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos em relação a área total de preenchimento ósseo, de biomaterial e extensão linear de regeneração periodontal na superfície radicular. Porém, houve uma tendência do grupo teste apresentar maior quantidade óssea e menor quantidade de biomaterial, além de deslocamento do biomaterial para o lado de pressão na região de furca, no grupo teste.
The aim of this study was to establish the tissue reactions on Degree II furcation lesions in the 2nd premolars of dogs after treatment with bovine osseous mineral source, absorbable membrane and orthodontic movement of translation to mesial and also evaluate the effect of movement on the grafting material used. It was produced Degree II furcation lesions in upper second premolars of 4 dogs, resulting in 8 lesions. After75 days, they were treated by the method of Guided Tissue Regeneration with absorbable membrane associated with bovine osseous mineral source. The plaque control was started with 0,2% chlorhexidine gel, 5 times a week until the end of the study. After 2 months of treatment, the second premolars were randomly divided in two groups (test and control) and it was installed orthodontic appliance in both sides, using the third premolars and upper canine as anchorage. The orthodontic movement was achieved only in the test side, during 3 months. The animals were sacrificed and the second premolars were removed in block and processed for histological analysis. There weren't any differences that were statistically significant among the groups with relation to the total area of osseous filling, biomaterial and linear periodontal regeneration. However, there was a trend of the group to present more osseous amount and less biomaterial amount, besides the dislocation of the biomaterial for the furcation pressure side. The orthodontic movement could be done without intercurrences. Key- words: Periodontics; Guided tissue regeneration; Biocompatible materials; Orthodontic.
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Gonçalves, Patricia Furtado. "Efeito do cemento dental na regeneração periodontal : um estudo histomorfometrico em cães." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/289036.
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Orientadores: Francisco Humberto Nociti Junior, Marcio Zaffalon CasatiTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Tendo sido demonstrada a possibilidade de preservação do cemento como forma alternativa de tratamento da doença periodontal, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do cemento dental na regeneração periodontal. Foram utilizados nove cães, sem raça definida, que receberam ligaduras de fio de algodão nos terceiros pré-molares inferiores, bilateralmente, para produzir lesões de bifurcação classe III. Após o levantamento de retalhos mucoperiosteais, os defeitos foram aleatoriamente escolhidos para receber um dos seguintes tratamentos: (A) remoção do tecido de granulação e uma cuidadosa raspagem e alisamento radicular, utilizando curetas e brocas, objetivando a remoção dos depósitos duros e moles e do cemento radicular, e polimento radicular com taças de borracha e pasta profilática; (B) somente a remoção do tecido de granulação e polimento radicular com taças de borracha e pasta profilática, objetivando a preservação do cemento radicular. Em ambos os grupos, os defeitos foram tratados com o princípio da Regeneração Tecidual Guiada (membranas reabsorvíveis - RESOLUT XT®) e os retalhos foram posicionados coronariamente e suturados. Após quatro meses os animais foram sacrificados para uma análise histomorfométrica. No grupo B, houve uma maior extensão (3,59±1,67 e 6,20±2,26mm para os grupos A e B, respectivamente; p=0,004) e espessura (18,89±9,47 e 52,29±22,48µm para os grupos A e B, respectivamente; p=0,001) de novo cemento, uma maior extensão de novo osso (1,86±1,76 e 4,62±3,01mm para os grupos A e B, respectivamente; p=0,002), além de uma maior extensão de regeneração periodontal, quando comparado ao grupo A (p<0,05 ¿ Wilcoxon). Observou-se ainda, no grupo B, uma menor formação de tecido epitelial/conjuntivo sobre a superfície radicular (2,77±0,79 e 1,10±1,48mm para os grupos A e B, respectivamente; p=0,009), além de uma maior porcentagem de preenchimento da área do defeito (80,95±17,46 e 94,50±10,27 para os grupos A e B, respectivamente; p<0,05), com uma maior proporção de novo osso e uma menor proporção de tecido epitelial/conjuntivo (p<0,05). Dentro dos limites deste estudo, conclui-se que o cemento dental pode modular a regeneração periodontal
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to histometrically evaluate, in dogs, the effect of root cementum on periodontal regeneration. Nine mongrel dogs were used to obtain bilateral chronic class III furcation defects by placing cotton ligatures around both third mandibular premolars. The teeth were randomly assigned to receive one of the following treatments: (A) Scaling and root planning, by means of hand and rotatory instruments, in order to remove soft and hard deposits as well as all root cementum; (B) Removal of only soft microbial deposits, by polishing the root surface with rubber cups and polishing paste, aiming at maximum root cementum preservation. Both groups were treated with Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR), with the use of resorbable poliglycolic-lactic-acid membranes (RESOLUT XT®) covering the buccal e lingual aspects of the furcation defect, and the flaps coronally positioned. Four months after the treatment, the animals were sacrificed and the histological sections obtained. Data analysis showed that a superior length (3.59±1.67 vs. 6.20±2.26mm; p=0.004) and a thicker layer (18.89±9.47 vs. 52.29 ±22.48µm; p=0.001) of new cementum were observed for group B (p<0.05). Additionally, group B presented and a superior length of new bone (1.86±1.76 vs. 4.62±3.01mm; p= 0.002) and less soft tissue along the root surface (2.77±0.79 vs. 1.10±1.48mm; p=0.009), and a larger proportion of periodontal regeneration when compared to control (p<0.05). A larger area of new bone (p=0.018) and a smaller area of soft tissue (p=0.024) were also observed for group B (p<0.05 - Wilcoxon). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that root cementum may modulate periodontal regeneration
Doutorado
Periodontia
Doutor em Clínica Odontológica
33
Esper, Luis Augusto. "Influência do plasma rico em plaquetas associado ou não à regeneração tecidual guiada na cicatrização de defeitos de fenestração periodontal em cães : estudo histológico e histométrico /." Araçatuba, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96169.
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Orientador: Maria José Hitomi NagataBanca: Álvaro Francisco Bosco
Banca: Sonia Regina Panzarini Barioni
Resumo: Este estudo avaliou histomorfometricamente o processo de cicatrização em defeitos de fenestração periodontal, criados cirurgicamente em cães e tratados com Plasma Rico em Plaquetas (PRP) associado ou não ao uso de barreira de membrana. Defeitos de fenestração periodontal com 5 mm de diâmetro foram cirurgicamente criados nos caninos superiores de 12 cães. Os dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos: C (controle) - defeito preenchido somente com coágulo sangüíneo; M - defeito preenchido com coágulo sangüíneo e protegido com uma membrana de politetrafluoretileno expandido (PTFE-e) com reforço de titânio; PRP - defeito preenchido com PRP; PRP/M - defeito preenchido com PRP e protegido com uma membrana de PTFE-e com reforço de titânio. Os animais foram eutanasiados após 4 semanas. Medidas lineares e de área da cicatrização periodontal foram avaliadas e calculadas como porcentagem do defeito original. Os dados foram submetidos à análise estatística (análise de variância, p < 0,05). Nenhum espécime regenerou-se completamente com osso ou cemento. Formação de novo cemento foi significativamente maior nos Grupos PRP e PRP/M quando comparados ao Grupo C. Observou-se, também, significativa maior formação de novo cemento no Grupo PRP/M que no Grupo M. Dentro dos limites deste estudo, pode-se concluir que o PRP favoreceu a formação de novo cemento. A Regeneração Tecidual Guiada (RTG) não proporcionou efeitos adicionais ao uso do PRP no tratamento de defeitos de fenestração periodontal em cães.
Abstract: This study histomorphometrically analyzed the healing of periodontal fenestration defects surgically created in dogs and treated with Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) with or without a barrier membrane. A 5 mm diameter periodontal fenestration defect was made in each upper canine of 12 dogs. The teeth were divided into 4 groups: C (control) - defect filled with blood clot only; M - defect filled with blood clot and covered by a titanium-reinforced expanded polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (ePTFE); PRP - defect filled with PRP; PRP/M - defect filled with PRP and covered by a titanium-reinforced ePTFE. All animals were euthanized at 4 weeks post-operative. Linear and area measurements of periodontal healing were evaluated and calculated as a percentage of the original defect. Data were statistically analyzed (analysis of variance, p < 0.05). No defect completely regenerated with either bone or cementum. Cementum formation was significantly greater in groups PRP and PRP/M when both groups were compared to Group C. A significant greater cementum formation was also observed in Group PRP/M than in Group M. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that the PRP favored cementum formation. Guided Tissue Regeneration (GTR) did not promote any additional benefit to the use of PRP in the treatment of periodontal fenestration defects in dogs.
Mestre
34
Teixeira, Lucas Novaes. "Regeneração tecidual guiada: estudo da biocompatibilidade in vitro da membrana do compósito de poli(vinilideno-trifluoretileno)/titanato de bário." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/58/58137/tde-11052009-161834/.
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O princípio da regeneração tecidual guiada (RTG) baseia-se na utilização de membranas biocompatíveis com a finalidade de impedir a migração dos tecidos conjuntivo e epitelial para a ferida, permitindo que células do ligamento periodontal repovoem a superfície radicular e regenerem o aparato de inserção do dente. A RTG tem sido utilizada em diversas situações clínicas para facilitar o reparo de defeitos ósseos e periodontais, sendo as membranas de politetrafluoretileno expandido (e-PTFE) as mais utilizadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a biocompatibilidade in vitro de uma nova membrana do compósito de poli(vinilideno-trifluoretileno)/titanato de bário (P(VDF-TrFE)/BT). Para isso, osteoblastos, fibroblastos e queratinócitos, células com as quais a membrana entrará em contato durante o processo de RTG, foram cultivados sobre membranas de P(VDF-TrFE)/BT e PTFE (controle). Os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: 1) adesão celular por contagem em hemocitômetro; 2) proliferação celular por MTT e 3) adesão e morfologia celular por fluorescência, para as linhagens osteoblástica, fibroblástica e de queratinócitos; 1) medida do conteúdo de proteína total; 2) medida da atividade de fosfatase alcalina (ALP) e 3) formação de matriz mineralizada, para as linhagens osteoblástica e fibroblástica; 1) imunolocalização de ALP por fluorescência; 2) detecção histoquímica in situ da atividade de ALP e 3) expressão dos genes Runx2, Colágeno I (COL I), Ostepontina (OPN), ALP, Sialoproteína óssea (BSP), Osteocalcina (OC), Bax, Bcl-2 e Survivina (SUR) por PCR em tempo real, para a linhagem osteoblástica; 1) expressão dos genes Periostin (PRT), Periodontal Ligament Specific 17 (PDLs17), Calcium-binding protein (S100A4), Fibromodulina (FBM), Bax, Bcl-2 e SUR por PCR em tempo real, para a linhagem fibroblástica e 1) expressão dos genes Involucrina (IVL), Queratina 1 (QRT-1), Queratina 10 (QRT-10), Queratina 14 (QRT-14), Bax, Bcl-2 e SUR por PCR em tempo real, para a linhagem de queratinócitos. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos ao teste estatístico Mann-Whitney (nível de significância: 5%). A adesão de células osteoblásticas foi semelhante entre P(VDF-TrFE)/BT e PTFE em 30 min, 2 e 4 h (p>0,05). A proliferação de células osteoblásticas foi maior em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 1, 7 e 10 dias (p<0,05). A epifluorescência indicou que as células osteoblásticas estavam aderidas e mais espraiadas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 30 min, 4 e 24 h. A imunofluorescência revelou presença de ALP apenas em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 7 e 14 dias. O conteúdo de proteína total foi semelhante entre as duas membranas em 10 dias (p>0,05) e maior sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 7 e 14 dias (p<0,05). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante para atividade de ALP em 7 dias (p>0,05), entretanto em 10 e 14 dias (p<0,05) a atividade de ALP foi maior em culturas sobre o P(VDFTrFE)/ BT. A detecção histoquímica in situ revelou atividade de ALP apenas em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT, tanto aos 7 quanto aos 14 dias. A formação de matriz mineralizada ocorreu apenas em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT. A expressão dos genes Runx2, COL I, OPN, ALP, BSP, OC, Bax e SUR foi maior em células cultivadas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 7 e 14 dias (p<0,05). Não houve expressão de Bcl-2 em culturas sobre as duas membranas. A adesão de células fibroblásticas foi semelhante entre P(VDFTrFE)/ BT e PTFE em 30 min (p>0,05) e maior sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 2 e 4 h (p<0,05). A proliferação de células fibroblásticas foi estatisticamente semelhante entre as duas membranas em 3 dias (p>0,05) e maior em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 1 e 7 dias (p<0,05). Os ensaios de fluorescência direta revelaram que as células fibroblásticas estavam aderidas sobre as duas membranas, porém em estágios mais avançados de espraiamento sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 30 min, 2 e 4 h. O conteúdo de proteína total foi maior sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 10, 14 e 21 dias (p<0,05). Não se observou atividade de ALP em culturas fibroblásticas sobre as membranas de P(VDF-TrFE)/BT e PTFE aos 7 dias. Contudo, em 14 dias (p>0,05) a atividade de ALP foi semelhante entre as duas membranas e em 21 dias (p<0,05) foi estatisticamente significante em culturas crescidas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT. Aos 21 dias não se notou formação de matriz mineralizada em ambas as membranas. A expressão dos genes PRT, PDLs17, S100A4, FBM, Bax e SUR foi maior em culturas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 7 e 14 dias (p<0,05). A expressão de Bcl-2 foi maior em células fibroblásticas cultivadas sobre o PTFE em 7 e 14 dias (p<0,05). A adesão de queratinócitos foi semelhante entre P(VDF-TrFE)/BT e PTFE em 30 min, 2 e 4 h (p>0,05). A proliferação de queratinócitos foi estatisticamente semelhante entre as duas membranas em 4, 7, 10 e 14 dias (p>0,05) e maior sobre culturas crescidas sobre P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 1, 17 e 21 dias (p<0,05). Por fluorescência direta notou-se que células cultivadas sobre ambas as membranas exibiam morfologia predominantemente arredondada em 30 min, 4 e 24 h. A expressão do gene IVL foi semelhante em culturas crescidas sobre as duas membranas em 7 dias (p>0,05) e maior sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 14 dias (p<0,05). Os genes QRT-1, QRT -10 e QRT -14, Bax e SUR estavam mais expressos em culturas sobre o P(VDF-TrFE)/BT em 7 e 14 dias (p<0,05). A expressão de Bcl-2 foi maior em queratinócitos crescidos sobre o PTFE em 7 dias (p<0,05) e semelhante entre as duas membranas em 14 dias (p>0,05). Por favorecer eventos relacionados ao desenvolvimento tecidual, como a adesão, proliferação e diferenciação celular, a membrana de P(VDF-TrFE)/BT pode representar uma boa alternativa ao PTFE para procedimentos de RTG.The principle of guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is based on the use of physical barrier to isolate periodontal defects of the gingival connective and epithelial tissues so that bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum can be regenerated from their own cells. RTG procedure has been used in many clinical situations to promote bone and periodontal regeneration. Membranes of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) are the most commonly used material for GTR. However, several membranes have been tested to be applied in GTR. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of the membrane of poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene/barium titanate (P(VDF-TrFE)/BT) composite. For that, osteoblasts, fibroblasts and keratinocytes, cells that will interact with the membrane during RTG, were culture P(VDF-TrFE)/BT and PTFE (control) membranes for up to 21 days. The following parameters were evaluated: 1) cell adhesion by counting in hemocytometer, 2) cell proliferation and 3) cell morphology by fluorescent labeling, for osteoblastic, fibroblastic and keratinocyte lineages; 1) total protein content; 2) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and 3) mineralized bone-like nodule formation, for osteblastic and fibroblastic lineages; 1) immunolocalization of ALP by fluorescent labeling; 2) histochemistry detection in situ of ALP activity and 3) gene expression of Runx2, Collagen I (COL I), Ostepontin (OPN), ALP, Bone Sialoprotein (BSP), Osteocalcin (OC), Bax, Bcl-2 and Survivin (SUR) by real-time PCR, for osteoblastic lineage; 1) gene expression of Periostin (PRT), Periodontal ligament specific (PDLs17), Calcium-binding protein (S100A4), Fibromodulin (FBM), Bax, Bcl-2 and SUR by real-time PCR, for fibroblastic lineage; 1) gene expression of Involucrin (IVL), Keratin-1 (QRT-1), Keratin-10 (QRT-10), Keratin-14 (QRT- 14), Bax, Bcl-2 and SUR days by real-time PCR, for keratinocyte lineage. Data were submitted to Mann-Whitney test (level of significance: 5%). The adhesion of osteoblastic cells was similar between P(VDF-TrFE)/BT and PTFE at 30 min, 2 and 4 h (p>0.05). Cell proliferation was higher in ostegenic cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 1, 7 and 10 days (p<0.05). Epifluorescence showed that osteoblastic cells grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT were more adhered and spread compared to PTFE at 30 min, 4 and 24 h. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of ALP only in osteogenic cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 7 and 14 days. Total protein content was similar between the membranes at 10 days (p>0.05) and higher on the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 7 and 14 days (p<0.05). There was no differences in ALP activity at 7 days (p>0.05). However, ALP activity was higher in osteogenic cultures on the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 10 and 14 days (p<0.05). The histochemistry reveals that only ostegenic cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT had ALP activity in situ at 7 and 14 days. Bone-like nodule formation occurred only in cultures on the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 21 days. Gene expression of Runx2, COL I, OPN, ALP, BSP, OC, Bax and SUR was higher in cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 7 and 14 days (p<0.05). There was no expression of Bcl-2 in cultures on both membranes. The adhesion of fibroblastic cells was similar between P(VDFTrFE)/ BT and PTFE at 30 min (p>0.05) and greater in fibroblastic cultures on P(VDFTrFE)/ BT at 2 and 4 h (p<0.05). Cell proliferation was similar in fibroblastic cultures grown on both membranes at 3 days (p>0.05) and higher in cultures on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 1 and 7 days (p<0.05). Epifluorescence showed that fibroblastic cells grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT were more adhered and more spread compared to PTFE at 30 min, 4 and 24 h. Total protein content was greater on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 10, 14 and 21 days (p<0.05). There was no ALP activity in fibroblastic cultures grown on both membranes at 7 days. The ALP activity was similar between P(VDF-TrFE)/BT and PTFE at 14 day (p>0.05) and higher on P(VDFTrFE)/ BT at 21 days (p<0.05). Bone-like nodule formation was not observed in fibroblastic cultures on both membranes at 21 days. Gene expression of PRT, PDLs17, S100A4, FBM, Bax and SUR was higher in cultures on the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 7 and 14 days (p<0.05). Bcl- 2 expression was higher in fibroblastic cultures on the PTFE at 7 and 14 days (p<0.05). Keratinocyte adhesion was similar for P(VDF-TrFE)/BT and PTFE at 30 min, 2 and 4 h (p>0.05). Keratinocyte proliferation was statistically similar on both membranes at 4, 7, 10 and 14 days (p>0.05) and higher in cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 1, 17 and 21 days (p<0.05). Keratinocytes displayed a round morphology and was not observed any evidence of cell spreading at 30 min, 4 and 24 h. The gene expression of IVL was similar in cultures grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT and PTFE at 7 days (p>0.05) and higher on the P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 14 days (p<0.05). Genes expression of QRT-1, QRT-10, QRT-14, Bax and SUR was greater in keratinocytes grown on P(VDF-TrFE)/BT at 7 and 14 days (p<0.05). Bcl-2 expression was higher in keratinocytes cultured on PTFE at 7 days (p<0.05) and similar on both membranes at 14 days (p>0.05). Our study indicates that P(VDF-TrFE)/BT membrane promote events related to tissue development/regeneration, such as cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Thus, the membrane of P(VDF-TrFE)/BT could be used as an advantageous alternative to PTFE in GTR procedures.
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IVIGLIA, GIORGIO. "DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL BIOMATERIALS FOR PERIODONTAL TISSUE ENGINEERING." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2643569.
Full textAbstract:
Periodontium is a complex system of different tissues, such as connective tissue, cartilage and bone, which work together to sustain the tooth. Gingivitis and periodontitis are devastating diseases that could affect the structure and function of the periodontal tissue. When the gingivitis are not treated and controlled with a correct oral hygiene, they could evolve in periodontitis, which could seriously damage the tissue surrounding the tooth and lead tooth loss. The main objective of periodontal tissue engineering is to regenerate the tooth’s supporting tissues. Periodontal tissue regeneration involves formation of new connective tissue (cementum and periodontal ligament) and new alveolar bone. The restoration of tooth by using a titanium dental implant is nowadays a quite common procedure. However, the positive fate of a surgical procedure that involves an insertion of titanium screw depends on the quality and quantity of alveolar bone which is present in the extraction site. The main objective of this doctoral thesis is to develop a set of novel biomaterials, designed to improve periodontal bone regeneration in patients and to control or prevent the bacterial infection in the wound site, via a sustained in situ drug release.
Three different materials have been developed and characterized:
1. Three-dimensional porous scaffold coated with a polyelectrolyte complex for periprosthetic infection prevention
2. Bioceramic-reinforced hydrogel for alveolar bone regeneration
3. Antiadhesive guided tissue regeneration membrane
The results demonstrated that they could be used in periodontal tissue engineering with predictable and excellent outcomes. With this set of biomaterials it is possible to control or prevent possible bacterial growth, achieve the correct alveolar bone quantity and quality and guide the tissue regeneration
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Martins, Thiago Marchi. "Cicatrização de defeitos de deiscência periodontal associados ao aplainamento radicular tratados com enxerto de tecido conj untivo subepitelial ou membrana bioabsorvível : análise histológica e histométrica em cães /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104712.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Álvaro Francisco BoscoBanca: Maria José Hitomi Nagata
Banca: Valdir Gouveia Garcia
Banca: Mário Taba Júnior
Banca: Marcio Zaffalon Casati
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar histológica e histometricamente a cicatrização de defeitos de deiscência periodontal associados ao aplainamento radicular tratados com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial (ETC) ou Membrana Bioabsorvível (MB), cada qual comparado ao tratamento com Retalho Posicionado Coronal (RPC). Foram utilizados 12 cães, divididos em dois grupos de 6. Defeitos de deiscência óssea (6x8 mm) e o aplainamento radicular foram realizados nos caninos superiores e os grupos divididos, seguindo um modelo de boca dividida de acordo com o tratamento. Os caninos esquerdos serviram como controle (RPC), onde o retalho foi somente posicionado coronalmente. Os caninos direitos receberam os tratamentos com ETC ou MB. Após 3 meses pósoperatórios os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia e os blocos processados para análise histológica e histométrica. Os parâmetros histométricos avaliados incluíram extensão de tecido epitelial (TE), extensão da nova inserção de tecido conjuntivo (NITC) e extensão da aposição de tecido conjuntivo (ATC), extensão de novo cemento (NC) e extensão de novo osso (NO). Histologicamente, o grupo MB mostrou significativamente maiores NC, NO e NITC (4.12±1.24; 2.44±0.78; 1.80±0.39, respectivamente) em comparação ao grupo RPC (1.04±0.43; 0.93±0.23; 0.71±0.45, respectivamente) (P<0.05) e significativamente menor ATC (0.29±0.33) comparado aos grupos RPC (2.79±1.74) e ETC (2.62±1.52) (P<0.05). A NITC no grupo ETC (0.71±0.36) foi significativamente menor, enquanto a ATC (2.62±1.52) e TE (1.70±0.53) foram significativamente maiores comparado ao grupo MB (1.80±0.39; 0.29±0.33; 1.00±0.35, respectivamente) (P<0.05). Dentro dos limites deste estudo, concluiuse que o grupo MB mostrou melhores resultados histológicos de nova inserção de tecido conjuntivo, formação de novo osso e novo cemento em relação aos grupos RPC e ETC.
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate histologically and histometrically the healing of periodontal dehiscence defects associated to root planing treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) or Bioabsorbable Membrane (BM), each one compared to the treatment with Coronally Positioned Flap (CPF). Twelve dogs were used, divided into two groups of six elements. Bone dehiscence defects (6x8 mm) and root planing were accomplished in the upper canine and the groups were divided, following a model of divided mouth according to the treatment used. Left canine were used as control (CPF), where the flap was only coronally positioned. Right canine received treatments with CTG or BM. After three postoperative months, the animals were euthanized and the blocks were processed for histological and histometrical analysis. The evaluated histometric parameters included lenght of epithelial tissue (TE), new attachment (NACT) and connective tissue aposition (CTA), new cementum (NC), and new bone (NB). Histologically, group BM showed significant higher values of NC, NO and NITC (4.12±1.24; 2.44±0.78; 1.80±0.39, respectively) in comparison to the group CPF (1.04±0.43; 0.93±0.23; 0.71±0.45, respectively) (P<0.05) and significant lower values of ATC (0.29±0.33) in comparison to the groups CPF (2.79±1.74) and CTG (2.62±1.52) (P<0.05). NITC in group CTG (0.71±0.36) was significantly lower, while ATC (2.62±1.52) and TE (1.70±0.53) were significantly higher in comparison to group BM (1.80±0.39; 0.29±0.33; 1.00±0.35, respectively) (P<0.05). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that group BM showed better histological results of connective tissue new attachment, new bone and new cementum formation in comparison to groups CPF and CTG.
Doutor
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Iamaguti, Luciana Santini. "Utilização de membrana biossintética de celulose em trocleoplastia experimental em cães /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89100.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Cláudia Valéria Seullner BrandãoBanca: Maria Jaqueline Mamprim
Banca: Nilza Maria Freres Mascarenhaz
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de membrana biossintética de celulose (MBC) nacional, após a realização de trocleoplastia experimental em cães, com intuito de verificar se o uso desta poderia favorecer a migração de células com potencial condrogênico, assim como ocorre no tecido ósseo. A evolução pós-operatória dos cães foi analisada com especial interesse nos processos de reparação frente ao defeito osteocondral, estabelecendo as vantagens e desvantagens do uso do biomaterial. Foram utilizados 12 cães (Canis familiaris) adultos, sadios e sem alterações no aparelho locomotor. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao procedimento de trocleoplastia bilateral, sendo que a MBC foi aplicada no membro esquerdo. Os animais foram avaliados clínica e radiograficamente aos 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias de pós-operatório. A função locomotora do membro foi avaliada em escores pré-definidos, nos referidos momentos. A avaliação macroscópica da articulação foi realizada, nos momentos pré-estabelecidos, seguida da artrotomia exploratória, bem como da coleta de biópsia para o exame microscópico. Todos os animais apresentaram função normal dos membros nos momentos avaliados. Não houve diferença clínica e radiográfica entre os grupos controle (GC) e tratado (GT). Na avaliação histopatológica, aos 30 dias, notou-se intensa celularidade em ambos os grupos, sendo que no GC esta era constituída por fibroblastos ativos e no GT por condrócitos imaturos, formando um tecido conjuntivo mais organizado. O GC apresentava fibrose e muitos fibroblastos aos 60 dias, enquanto o GT apresentava maior número de condrócitos. Aos 90 dias, constatou-se formação de tecido do tipo fibrocartilaginoso maduro em ambos os grupos. Histomorfometricamente, o GT apresentou melhor resposta ao processo de reparação nos momentos iniciais quanto ao número de células e espessura do tecido...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of national biosynthetic cellulose membrane after experimental trochleoplasty, to verify if its utilization could support chondrogenic cells migration like occurs in osseous tissue. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of this biomaterial were evaluated through the observation of the reparative process of the osteochondral injury. Twelve adult healthy dogs (Canis familiaris) were used. All dogs were submitted to trochleoplasty in both pelvic limbs and the biosynthetic cellulose membrane was applied in the left limb. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed at 15, 30, 60 and 90 postoperatively. The locomotor function of the limb was evaluated in scores on the differents moments. The joint macroscopic evaluation was performed before exploratory arthrotomy and biopsy for microscopic exam. All dogs showed normal function of the limbs in all differents moments. Radiographic results showed no difference in control (CG) and treated groups (TG). Microscopic results showed at 30 days an increase of the celularity in both groups was observed. In the CG it was constituted by active fibroblasts and in TG by immatures condrocytes forming a more organized connective tissue. In the CG a fibrous tissue and many fibroblasts appear at 60 days and in the TG more condrocytes appear. A mature fibrocartilaginous tissue formed in both groups at 90 days. Histomorphometrically, TG presents better response of repair process in the fist moments as the number of cells and the tissue thickness. The biosynthetic cellulose membrane didn't cause deleterious effects showing good adaptation in intrarticular environment...(Complete abstract, access undermentioned eletronic address)
Mestre
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Martins, Thiago Marchi [UNESP]. "Cicatrização de defeitos de deiscência periodontal associados ao aplainamento radicular tratados com enxerto de tecido conj untivo subepitelial ou membrana bioabsorvível: análise histológica e histométrica em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104712.
Full textAbstract:
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martins_tm_dr_araca.pdf: 622083 bytes, checksum: b164d76ff1eb9d604ddcefbda1146d1a (MD5)O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar histológica e histometricamente a cicatrização de defeitos de deiscência periodontal associados ao aplainamento radicular tratados com enxerto de tecido conjuntivo subepitelial (ETC) ou Membrana Bioabsorvível (MB), cada qual comparado ao tratamento com Retalho Posicionado Coronal (RPC). Foram utilizados 12 cães, divididos em dois grupos de 6. Defeitos de deiscência óssea (6x8 mm) e o aplainamento radicular foram realizados nos caninos superiores e os grupos divididos, seguindo um modelo de boca dividida de acordo com o tratamento. Os caninos esquerdos serviram como controle (RPC), onde o retalho foi somente posicionado coronalmente. Os caninos direitos receberam os tratamentos com ETC ou MB. Após 3 meses pósoperatórios os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia e os blocos processados para análise histológica e histométrica. Os parâmetros histométricos avaliados incluíram extensão de tecido epitelial (TE), extensão da nova inserção de tecido conjuntivo (NITC) e extensão da aposição de tecido conjuntivo (ATC), extensão de novo cemento (NC) e extensão de novo osso (NO). Histologicamente, o grupo MB mostrou significativamente maiores NC, NO e NITC (4.12±1.24; 2.44±0.78; 1.80±0.39, respectivamente) em comparação ao grupo RPC (1.04±0.43; 0.93±0.23; 0.71±0.45, respectivamente) (P<0.05) e significativamente menor ATC (0.29±0.33) comparado aos grupos RPC (2.79±1.74) e ETC (2.62±1.52) (P<0.05). A NITC no grupo ETC (0.71±0.36) foi significativamente menor, enquanto a ATC (2.62±1.52) e TE (1.70±0.53) foram significativamente maiores comparado ao grupo MB (1.80±0.39; 0.29±0.33; 1.00±0.35, respectivamente) (P<0.05). Dentro dos limites deste estudo, concluiuse que o grupo MB mostrou melhores resultados histológicos de nova inserção de tecido conjuntivo, formação de novo osso e novo cemento em relação aos grupos RPC e ETC.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate histologically and histometrically the healing of periodontal dehiscence defects associated to root planing treated with subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) or Bioabsorbable Membrane (BM), each one compared to the treatment with Coronally Positioned Flap (CPF). Twelve dogs were used, divided into two groups of six elements. Bone dehiscence defects (6x8 mm) and root planing were accomplished in the upper canine and the groups were divided, following a model of divided mouth according to the treatment used. Left canine were used as control (CPF), where the flap was only coronally positioned. Right canine received treatments with CTG or BM. After three postoperative months, the animals were euthanized and the blocks were processed for histological and histometrical analysis. The evaluated histometric parameters included lenght of epithelial tissue (TE), new attachment (NACT) and connective tissue aposition (CTA), new cementum (NC), and new bone (NB). Histologically, group BM showed significant higher values of NC, NO and NITC (4.12±1.24; 2.44±0.78; 1.80±0.39, respectively) in comparison to the group CPF (1.04±0.43; 0.93±0.23; 0.71±0.45, respectively) (P<0.05) and significant lower values of ATC (0.29±0.33) in comparison to the groups CPF (2.79±1.74) and CTG (2.62±1.52) (P<0.05). NITC in group CTG (0.71±0.36) was significantly lower, while ATC (2.62±1.52) and TE (1.70±0.53) were significantly higher in comparison to group BM (1.80±0.39; 0.29±0.33; 1.00±0.35, respectively) (P<0.05). Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that group BM showed better histological results of connective tissue new attachment, new bone and new cementum formation in comparison to groups CPF and CTG.
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Iop, Laura. "From the anatomical study to the application of different bioengineering techniques for the creation of new vital heart valve substitutes." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3421530.
Full textAbstract:
This doctoral thesis focuses on the approaches currently in use to develop new vital valve devices: heart valve tissue engineering and heart valve tissue guided regeneration. Indeed, it investigates some aspects able to modify the preservation of the implanted construct, i.e. the immunogenic properties of the extracellular matrix and the biological entity of stem cell populations in heart valve leaflets.
The porcine semilunar valves, as the bovine pericardial derived ones, find large clinical usage for the substitution of dysfunctional valves. The rational of their employ is the high morphological and functional analogies with the native human ones and hence they can provide a valid extracellular matrix (ECM) for bioengineered prosthesis. Once eliminated the xenogeneic cell component through a decellularizing
treatment, it is possible to benefit from the extracellular fiber mesh as a template for repopulation with human stem cells in order to develop autologous-like replacements. So far the influence on cellular attachment exerted by the anisotropic ECM distribution in fibrosa and ventricularis has never been
investigated. Porcine pulmonary leaflets were decellularized with a Triton X110/Sodium Cholate-based protocol. The absence of alpha-Gal epitopes, highly immunogenic for the human species, has been demonstrated through a double fluorescence technique using an isolectin and a specific monoclonal antibody. After treatment with fetal bovine serum and fibronectin to increase adhesion, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been seeded either onto the ventricularis or fibrosa and statically maintained in culture for 30 days. Not only ventricularis is able to consent a higher attachment, but also increased spreading and early cell differentiation in the cusp stroma. The interaction between the same cells and decellularized human leaflets has been further evaluated by ventricularis seeding. The homologous combination favors proliferation, with decrease of apoptotic events and enhanced cell maturation level, so that it is possible to appreciate the expression of typical mature smooth muscle markers in ventricularis. ECM performs consequently an essential role for cell integration by furnishing specific signals for the acquisition of the correct valvular phenotype.
A further hypothesis for the achievement of new vital substitutes is likely represented by tissue guided regeneration operated in vivo by ECM in respect to the recipient's cells. Decellularized aortic roots were used to mimic a reconstruction of the RVOT in minipigs and performances were followed echocardiographically for 12-14 months, revealing a progressive function improvement. A continuous engraftment is observed in the explanted specimens, even if the layers less exposed to blood circulation are still devoid of cells. The observations on primary cultures of the vessel and leaflet tissues lead to hypothesize the contribution of two main phenotypes to repopulation: pulmonary artery smooth muscle
cells and mobilized mesenchymal stem cells.
Particularly important is the preservation of the bioconstruct once the function has been rescued, but at the same time it is essential to understand the key cell effectors participating to valve dysfunction in order to prevent the phenomenon. Scarcely studied, possible stem cell populations in the valves could be involved in the homeostatic tissue remodeling or in adverse pathophysiological events. Aortic roots (n=27) with related mitral leaflets (n=27) have been classified in 5 groups depending on allograft donor's age (10- 60 years). In addition, aortic and mitral pathological leaflets (n=10) were harvested during valve replacements. Cusp cryosections have been analysed through classical histology, Mallory's trichrome, Von
Kossa, Oil Red O and immunohistochemistry for differentiated, inflammatory, calcifying, different lineagederived stem cell markers. With aging the typical observed feature is the accumulation of lipids, both as small droplets in the subventricularis layer or as cholesterol crystals in the fibrosa. Calcifications appear rare. Stem cell epitopes are highly expressed in the leaflet to reveal a specific spatial distribution. Primary cultures obtained from these specimens showed a phenotype and a differentiation potentiality, suggestive
of mesenchymal stem progenitors without apparent osteogenic induction. Further studies are needed to better understand the contribution of these cells in heart valve calcification.
In conclusion, both proposed modalities for the achievement of new valve substitutes appear valid instruments for the aim, because relying on fully decellularized alpha-Gal negative matrices permissive of cell-repopulation. Future efforts and application of new biomimetic strategies would surely implement the encouraging results here demonstrated. New insights on stem cell valvular biology have been proposed here for the first time with important confirmations on the continuous cell remodeling interesting the cusp tissue.Tale tesi di dottorato si focalizza sugli approcci correntemente in uso per lo sviluppo di nuovi sostituti valvolari con caratteristiche di vitalità: l’ingegneria tissutale valvolare e la rigenerazione valvolare tessuto-guidata. Inoltre, mette in luce alcuni aspetti in grado di influenzare la preservazione dell’impianto, come le proprietà immunogeniche della matrice extracellulare e l’entità biologica delle popolazioni staminali nei lembi valvolari cardiaci. Le valvole semilunari porcine, come quelle di pericardio bovino, trovano largo impiego per la sostituzione di valvole non più funzionanti. Il razionale per l’impiego di esse è l’alta analogia morfologica e funzionale con le valvole umane, che le rende fonte ottimale di matrice extracellulare (ECM) per protesi bioingegnerizzate. Una volta rimossa la componente cellulare xenogenica attraverso un trattamento decellularizzante, è possibile beneficiare della trama di fibre extracellulari come supporto tridimensionale per il ripopolamento con cellule staminali umane in modo da sviluppare dei sostituti simil-autologhi. Finora, non è mai stata indagata l’influenza esercitata dalla distribuzione anisotropica delle fibre dell’ECM in ventricularis e fibrosa sull’adesione cellulare. Lembi polmonari porcini sono stati sottoposti a decellularizzazione mediante un trattamento a base di TritonX100/ Sodio Colato. L’assenza dell’epitopo alpha-Gal, altamente immunogeno per l’uomo, è stata dimostrata attraverso una doppia tecnica di fluorescenza con un’isolectina e uno specifico anticorpo monoclonale. Dopo condizionamento con siero bovino fetale e fibronectina per aumentare l’attaccamento, le cellule staminali mesenchimali del midollo osseo sono state seminate sia su ventricularis o fibrosa e mantenute staticamente in vitro per 30 giorni. Non solo la ventricularis favorisce una maggiore adesione, ma anche un’aumentata diffusione all’interno dello stroma e un precoce differenziamento cellulare nei citotipi valvolari. Successivamente, è stata valutata l’interazione fra cellule umane e matrice decellularizzata umana, effettuando ancora una volta la semina su ventricularis. La combinazione omologa permette di ottenere una maggiore proliferazione , una diminuzione degli eventi apoptotici e un maggiore grado di maturazione del costrutto, tanto da apprezzare l’espressione di proteine tipiche del muscolo liscio proprio nella tonaca di pertinenza, la vetricularis. L’ECM effettua quindi un ruolo essenziale per l’integrazione cellulare fornendo segnali specifici per l’acquisizione del fenotipo valvolare corretto. Un’ulteriore ipotesi per l’ottenimento di nuovi sostituti vitali può essere rappresentata dalla rigenerazione tessuto-guidata, favorita in vivo dall’ECM in grado di esercitare un ruolo attrattivo e di guida per le cellule dell’ospite. Radici aortiche decellularizzate sono state impiantate in minipig per mimare la ricostruzione del tratto di efflusso del ventricolo destro e la funzionalità valvolare è stata monitorata ecocardiograficamente per 12-14 mesi, rivelando un progressivo miglioramento della funzione. Un ripopolamento continuo può essere osservato attraverso le analisi ex vivo negli espianti, anche se le regioni meno esposte al flusso sanguigno sono ancora prive di cellule. Le osservazioni sulle colture primarie dei tessuti parietale vascolare e del lembo portano a ipotizzare il contributo di due maggiori fenotipi al ripopolamento: cellule muscolari lisce dell’arteria polmonare e cellule staminali mesenchimali mobilizzate. Particolarmente importante non è solo la creazione, ma anche il mantenimento del biocostrutto: una volta che si è ripristinata la funzione, perciò, è essenziale comprendere i reali effettori cellulari coinvolti nella disfunzione valvolare per prevenire il fenomeno già nelle prime fasi. Scarsamente studiate, eventuali popolazioni cellulari staminali a livello valvolare potrebbero partecipare al rimodellamento tissutale omeostatico, ma anche a eventi patologici avversi. Homograft valvolari aortici (n=27) con annesso lembo anteriore della mitrale (n=27) sono stati classificati in 5 gruppi a seconda della fascia d’età di appartenenza del donatore (10-60 aa). In aggiunta, sono stati esaminati anche lembi aortici e mitrali (n=10), rimossi in sede di sostituzione valvolare. Criosezioni di tessuto cuspidale sono state sottoposte all’analisi istologica classica, istochimica (von Kossa, Oil Red O) e immunoistochimica per marker di cellule differenziate, citotipi calcificanti precoci, flogosi e cellule staminali di vari lineages. All’aumentare dell’età, il tipico aspetto osservato é l’accumulo di lipidi, sottoforma di piccole gocce nella tonaca sottoventricolare o depositi di colesterolo nella fibrosa. Il riscontro di calcificazioni è raro. Gli epitopi delle cellule staminali sono espressi nel lembo valvolare a rivelare una precisa distribuzione spaziale. Le colture primarie ottenute da questi campioni mostrano un fenotipo e proprietà di transdifferenziazione, caratteristiche di un possibile progenitore mesenchimale, senza tuttavia apparente induzione all’osteogenesi. Ulteriori studi sono necessari per meglio comprendere il coinvolgimento di tali cellule nella patologia valvolare. Concludendo, entrambe le modalità considerate per la realizzazione di un nuovo sostituto vitale sembrano validi strumenti a raggiungere lo scopo, basandosi su matrici decellularizzate prive di alpha-gal e prontamente colonizzabili. Esperimenti futuri e l’applicazione di nuove strategie biomimetiche potranno sicuramente migliorare i risultati incoraggianti finora ottenuti. Sono state inoltre proposte per la prima volta nuove informazioni sulla biologia cellulare staminale della valvola cardiaca con importanti conferme sul processo di continuo rimodellamento cellulare a carico del tessuto cuspidale.
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Asa'Ad, F. "ALVEOLAR BONE AUGMENTATION PRIOR TO DENTAL IMPLANT PLACEMENT: VOLUME ANALYSIS & APPLICATIONS OF PRE-AUGMENTATION SOFT TISSUE EXPANSION (STE) AND REGENERATION WITH 3D PRINTED SCAFFOLDS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/534216.
Full textAbstract:
1.1. ASTRATTO
OBIETTIVI: Lo scopo di questa revisione era di esplorare lo sviluppo degli espansori di tessuti molli, i loro diversi tipi e le loro potenziali applicazioni prima dell'innesto osseo e del posizionamento dell'impianto.
MATERIALI E METODI: è stata eseguita una revisione della letteratura pertinente utilizzando PubMed per comprendere la dinamica degli espansori dei tessuti molli e determinare la posizione corrente delle loro applicazioni di pre-incremento.
RISULTATI: Ci sono informazioni preliminari sui benefici dell'espansione dei tessuti molli pre-allargamento (STE). I risultati non possono essere generalizzati a causa delle dimensioni campionarie relativamente ridotte degli scarsi studi clinici disponibili in letteratura.
CONCLUSIONI: Sono necessari ulteriori studi clinici con campioni di dimensioni maggiori e follow-up a lungo termine prima che gli espansori dei tessuti molli possano essere applicati con sicurezza nella pratica clinica quotidiana.2.1. ASTRATTO
OBIETTIVI: Indagare sugli esiti clinici, le complicanze e l'aumento di volume dell'espansione dei tessuti molli pre-aumento (STE).
MATERIALI E METODI: Espansori tissutali sono stati impiantati in sette pazienti che richiedono l'aumento osseo verticale e / o orizzontale. La rigenerazione ossea guidata (GBR) è stata effettuata dopo 20, 40 o 60 giorni di STE. I guadagni ossei verticali e orizzontali sono stati analizzati con la tomografia computerizzata a fascio conico (CBCT). Per l'analisi volumetrica sono state utilizzate la scansione ottica e la sovrapposizione di modelli di fusione fabbricati da impronte di alginato pre- e post-augmentazione.
RISULTATI: sette siti su sette pazienti sono stati trattati con STE. La perforazione si è verificata in due siti; guasto precoce dovuto alla tenuta della sacca preparata, e ritardo in ritardo a causa di piccole fessure del guscio di silicio che coprono l'espansore a seguito della manipolazione del corpo dell'espansore con una pinzetta dentale. Dopo la dilatazione, la chiusura della ferita primaria è stata facilmente ottenuta con l'aumento senza successive esposizioni del trapianto. Sei mesi dopo l'aumento, l'analisi CBCT ha rivelato un guadagno osseo verticale elevato (media = 7,3 ± 1,2 mm). La media del guadagno osseo orizzontale era di 5,5 ± 2,9 mm.
L'analisi volumetrica di tre casi di espansione ha rivelato un aumento medio del volume di 483,8 ± 251,7 mm3. L'aumento del volume dei tessuti molli corrispondeva solo all'espansore del cilindro da 0,24 ml (aumento del volume = 259,4 mm3), mentre questo aumento era quasi la metà del volume dell'espansore finale per gli espansori del cilindro da 0,7 e 1,3 ml (rispettivamente 436,1 mm3 e 755,9 mm3).
Tutti gli impianti dentali sono stati osteointegrati nei pazienti sottoposti a successiva terapia implantare.
CONCLUSIONI: Elevato guadagno osseo verticale e complicanze post-chirurgiche minime sono state associate a procedure di aumento osseo precedute dall'espansione dei tessuti molli (STE).4.1. ASTRATTO
OBIETTIVI: Analizzare i pattern di riassorbimento osseo nelle mandibole posteriori e i corrispondenti innesti ossei digitalmente progettati per capire se si presentano in cluster distinti.
MATERIALI E METODI: In questa analisi retrospettiva, sono state analizzate 120 scansioni CBCT per valutare la frequenza della classificazione di Cawood e Howell, nelle mandibole posteriori destra e sinistra. I risultati sono stati confrontati tra sesso ed età. La classe atrofica più frequente che ha bisogno di aumento osseo è stata virtualmente rigenerata nei segmenti mandibolari utilizzando un software specifico. Altezza, larghezza e lunghezza degli innesti ottenuti sono stati analizzati per concludere se questi innesti si presentano in cluster distinti.
Risultati. La classe V era la classe atrofica più frequente rispetto alla classe IV e VI nelle mandibole posteriori sinistra e destra (16%, 20,8% rispettivamente). Gli stadi atrofici gravi erano più frequenti nelle femmine (p = 0,029 per il lato sinistro, p = 0,007 per il lato destro) e nei gruppi di età più avanzata (p = 0,008 per il lato destro) Dopo la rigenerazione virtuale dei difetti della classe V, tre cluster erano evidente, che differisce solo per la lunghezza, in base al numero di denti mancanti (p = 0,0001). L'altezza e la larghezza degli innesti virtuali erano comparabili per i tre cluster (p> 0,05). Il volume medio dell'innesto virtuale era di 2.184 mm3 (quattro denti mancanti), 1,819 mm3 (tre denti mancanti) e 1,476 mm3 (due denti mancanti).
In conclusione, l'atrofia dello stadio V era il pattern di riassorbimento più frequente rispetto alle classi IV e V, nelle mandibole posteriori. La procedura di rigenerazione virtuale ha rivelato tre gruppi di innesti virtuali, che differiscono solo per la lunghezza in base al numero di denti mancanti. Si consigliano studi futuri per determinare il rapporto di adattamento tra innesti virtuali e reali alla superficie dell'osso.1.1. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: The aim of this review was to explore the development of soft tissue expanders, their different types and their potential applications prior to bone augmentation and implant placement. MATERIALS & METHODS: A review of pertinent literature was performed using PubMed to comprehend the dynamics of soft tissue expanders and determine the current position of their pre- augmentation applications. RESULTS: There is promising, albeit preliminary information regarding the benefits of pre- augmentation soft tissue expansion (STE). Findings cannot be generalized due to relatively small sample size of the scarce clinical studies available in literature. CONCLUSIONS: Further clinical trials with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed before soft tissue expanders can be confidently applied in everyday clinical practice. 2.1. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical outcomes, complications and volume gain of pre-augmentation soft tissue expansion (STE). MATERIALS & METHODS: Tissue expanders were implanted in seven patients requiring vertical and/or horizontal bone augmentation. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) was carried out either after 20, 40 or 60 days of STE. Vertical and horizontal bone gains were analyzed with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Optic scanning and superimposition of cast models fabricated from pre- and post- augmentation alginate impressions were used for volumetric analysis. RESULTS: Seven sites in seven patients were treated with STE. Perforation occurred in two sites; early failure due to the tightness of the prepared pouch, and late failure due to minor cracks of the silicon shell covering the expander as a result of handling of the expander body with a dental tweezer. Post-expansion, primary wound closure was easily achieved at augmentation without any subsequent graft expositions. Six months post-augmentation, CBCT analysis revealed high vertical bone gain (mean = 7.3 ± 1.2 mm). Mean of horizontal bone gain was 5.5 ± 2.9 mm. Volumetric analysis of three successful expansion cases revealed a mean volume increase of 483.8 ± 251.7 mm3. Soft tissue volume increase corresponded only to the 0.24 ml cylinder expander (volume increase = 259.4 mm3), while this increase was almost half of the final expander volume for the 0.7 and 1.3 ml cylinder expanders (436.1 mm3 & 755.9 mm3 respectively). Volumetric analysis of the late expansion failure reflected soft tissue shrinkage, which might suggest that STE affects tissues by tension and does not cause real volume gain. All dental implants were osseointegrated in the patients that underwent subsequent dental implant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: High vertical bone gain and minimal post-surgical complications were associated with bone augmentation procedures preceded by soft tissue expansion (STE). 3.1. ABSTRACT To ensure a successful dental implant therapy, presence of adequate vertical and horizontal alveolar bone is fundamental. However, an insufficient amount of alveolar ridge in both dimensions is often encountered in dental practice due to the consequences of oral diseases and tooth loss. Although post-extraction socket preservation has been adopted to lessen the need for such invasive approaches, it utilizes bone-grafting materials, which have limitations that could negatively affect the quality of bone formation. To overcome the drawbacks of routinely employed grafting materials, bone-graft substitutes such as 3D-scaffolds have been recently investigated in the dental field. In this review, we highlight different biomaterials suitable for 3D-scaffold fabrication, with a focus on “3D-printed” ones as bone graft substitutes that might be convenient for various applications related to implant therapy. We also briefly discuss their possible adoption for periodontal regeneration. 4.1. ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: To analyze bone resorption patterns in the posterior mandibles and their corresponding digitally designed bone grafts to understand if they come in distinct clusters. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, 120 CBCT scans were analyzed to evaluate the frequency of Cawood & Howell classification, in right and left posterior mandibles. Results were compared between gender and age. The most frequent atrophic class that needs bone augmentation was virtually regenerated in the mandibular segments using specific software. Height, width and length of the obtained grafts were analyzed to conclude if these grafts come in distinct clusters. RESULTS: Class V was the most frequent atrophic class in comparison to class IV & VI in the left and right posterior mandibles (16%, 20.8% respectively). Severe atrophic stages were more frequent in females (p= 0.029 for the left side, p= 0.007 for the right side) and in older age groups (p= 0.008 for the right side) After virtual regeneration of class V defects, three clusters were evident, differing only in length, based on the number of missing teeth (p= 0.0001). Height and width of the virtual grafts were comparable for the three clusters (p > 0.05). Mean virtual graft volume was 2,184 mm3 (four missing teeth), 1,819 mm3 (three missing teeth) & 1,476 mm3 (two missing teeth). CONCLUSIONS: Stage V atrophy was the most frequent resorption pattern in comparison to classes IV & V, in posterior mandibles. Virtual regeneration procedure revealed three clusters of virtual grafts, differing only in the length based on the number of missing teeth. Future studies are recommended to determine the adaptation ratio between virtual and actual grafts to bone surface.
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Moura, Lucas Alves 1981. "Utiliização de membranas de Poli (L-acido lactico) em regeneração tecidual guiada para periodontia." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263879.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Eliana Aparecida de Resende DuekDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T00:47:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moura_LucasAlves_M.pdf: 3634046 bytes, checksum: 536a898e97f786f07e4ccf738d9d67e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007
Resumo: A regeneração tecidual guiada (RTG) é uma técnica utilizada na Periodontia para permitir a neoformação de um novo aparato de inserção periodontal do dente (osso alveolar, ligamento periodontal e cemento). Na Periodontia, a utilização de polímeros biorreabsorvíveis vem ganhando confiabilidade e importância devido a não necessidade de uma segunda intervenção cirúrgica para remover a membrana, porém poucas membranas atendem a todos os critérios da RTG, que são biocompatibilidade, exclusão celular, manutenção do espaço a ser regenerado, integração à atividade tecidual, facilidade de utilização e atividade biológica. Um polímero biorreabsorvível muito estudado é o poli (L-ácido láctico) (PLLA), porém ele é polímero semicristalino muito rígido e com longo período de degradação, contudo ao se adicionar em sua composição um plastificante, o tri-etil-citrato, a membrana resultante seria mais flexível, microporosa e teria seu tempo de degradação reduzido. Esta pesquisa avaliou, através de estudo in vivo, a resposta inflamatória e a manutenção de um espaço vital para a regeneração óssea sob membranas de PLLA/tri-etil-citrato, em três diferentes proporções polímero/plastificante, implantadas na calota craniana de coelhos, analisando, assim, a capacidade destas membranas em se adaptar aos critérios da RTG periodontal. Paralelamente ao estudo in vivo, foram realizados estudos da degradação in vitro, com ensaios mecânicos de tração, de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e de calorimetria diferencial de varredura (DSC). Notou-se que as membranas de concentração PLLA/tri-etil-citrato de 85/15 apresentaram características mais adequadas para a RTG periodontal tanto no estudo in vivo quanto no in vitro
Abstract: Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) is a technique used in the periodontal practice to allow the neoformation of a new apparatus of teeth periodontal attachment (alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and cementum). In Periodontology, the use of bioresorbable polymers is gaining trustworthiness and importance due the non required second surgical intervention to remove the membrane, however few membranes fit in all GTR criteria, which are biocompatibility, cellular exclusion, space maintainer, integration to tissue activity, easy usage and biological activity. A bioresorbable polymer very studied is poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), however it is a very rigid semicrystalline polymer and with a long degradation period, but by adding in its composition a plasticizer, the tri-ethyl-citrate, the resultant membrane would be more flexible, microporous and would have its degradation time reduced. This research evaluated, through in vivo study, the inflammatory response and the maintenance of a vital space for bone regeneration under PLLA/tri-ethyl-citrate membranes, in three different polymer/plasticizer proportions, implanted in rabbits calvarial bone, analyzing, thus, the capacity of these membranes in adapting to the criteria of periodontal GTR. Simultaneously to this study, it had been carried out studies of in vitro degradation, with mechanical testing, scanning electronic microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was observed, that the highest concentration membranes PLLA/tri-ethyl-citrate (85/15) showed themselves more adequate characteristics for the periodontal GTR on in vivo study as well on in vitro
Mestrado
Materiais e Processos de Fabricação
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Patrício, Carlota Maria Diogo Prista. "Laser de baixa intensidade na regeneração óssea." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4123.
Full textAbstract:
Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Medicina DentáriaCom o avanço das tecnologias foi permitido, nas últimas décadas, uma evolução nas aplicações médicas dos aparelhos a Laser. Estes foram introduzidos na Medicina Dentária e têm sido sugeridos em inúmeras áreas como na Regeneração óssea. A população portuguesa e europeia tem envelhecido significativamente surgindo assim a necessidade de um maior número de pesquisas relativamente às fisiopatologias, novas formas de prevenção e novos tratamentos com a finalidade de aumentar a qualidade de vida do paciente. As perdas ósseas devido traumas, fracturas, lesões do sistema estomatognático em conjunto com a colocação de implantes, nomeadamente a sua osseointegração tem levado a uma intensa pesquisa de forma a melhorar o processo de remodelação/reparação óssea. Desta forma, para além da perda fisiológica de capacidade regenerativa do tecido ósseo devido à idade, diversas patologias associadas também podem retardar o processo de remodelação óssea. Como tal, a terapia do LBI tem demonstrado resultados positivos na área da regeneração óssea. Mediante este contexto, o objectivo geral desta monografia foi realizar uma revisão de literatura de forma a actualizar conhecimentos relativamente ao funcionamento do Laser na regeneração do tecido ósseo. Tendo como objectivos: conhecimento da biologia do osso e do processo de reparação óssea, materiais e técnicas co-adjuvantes no processo de regeneração óssea e a capacidade regenerativa do laser de baixa intensidade de forma quantitativa, qualitativa e de velocidade de reparação do osso formado. The advancement of new technologies allowed, in recent decades, developments in medical applications of the laser devices. These were introduced in dentistry and have been suggested in numerous areas such as bone regeneration. The Portuguese and European population has aged significantly giving rise to the need for more research regarding the pathophysiology, new forms of prevention and new treatments in order to increase the life quality of patients. Bone loss due to trauma, fractures, lesions of the stomatognathic system and implant placement, namely their osseointegration has led to intensive research in order to improve the remodeling process / bone repair. Thus, in addition to the physiological loss of bone tissue regenerative capacity due to aging, various diseases associated may also slow the process of bone remodeling. As such, the LBI therapy has shown positive results in the area of bone regeneration. Through this context, the general objective of this thesis was to conduct a literature review in order to update knowledge on the functioning of the laser on bone tissue regeneration. Its aims are: knowledge of bone biology and bone repair, co-adjuvants materials and technical in the process of bone regeneration and low intensity laser regenerative capacity on newlyformed bone - quantitative, qualitative and speed repair.
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Silva, Vanessa Camila da. "Efeito da movimentação ortodôntica sobre lesão de furca grau II tratada com matriz mineral óssea bovina e membrana absorvível : estudo histológico e histométrico em cães /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96200.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Joni Augusto CirelliBanca: José Eduardo Cezar Sampaio
Banca: Elton Gonçalves Zenóbio
Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar as reações teciduais em lesões de furca Grau II em 2ºs pré-molares de cães após tratamento com matriz mineral óssea bovina e membrana absorvível e movimentação ortodôntica de translação para mesial. Foram criadas lesões de furca Grau II nos 2º pré-molares superiores de 4 cães, totalizando 8 lesões. Após 75 dias, estas foram tratadas pela técnica de Regeneração Tecidual Guiada com membrana absorvível associada ao preenchimento com matriz mineral óssea bovina. Deu-se início ao controle de placa com gel de clorexidina 0,2% 5 vezes por semana até o final do estudo. Após 2 meses do tratamento, os 2ºs pré-molares foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos (teste e controle) e foi instalado aparelho ortodôntico em ambos os lados, sendo os 3ºs pré-molares e caninos superiores usados como ancoragem. No lado teste a movimentação ortodôntica foi realizada durante 3 meses. Os animais foram sacrificados, e os 2ºs pré-molares removidos em bloco e processados para análise histológica. Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos em relação a área total de preenchimento ósseo, de biomaterial e extensão linear de regeneração periodontal na superfície radicular. Porém, houve uma tendência do grupo teste apresentar maior quantidade óssea e menor quantidade de biomaterial, além de deslocamento do biomaterial para o lado de pressão na região de furca, no grupo teste.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to establish the tissue reactions on Degree II furcation lesions in the 2nd premolars of dogs after treatment with bovine osseous mineral source, absorbable membrane and orthodontic movement of translation to mesial and also evaluate the effect of movement on the grafting material used. It was produced Degree II furcation lesions in upper second premolars of 4 dogs, resulting in 8 lesions. After75 days, they were treated by the method of Guided Tissue Regeneration with absorbable membrane associated with bovine osseous mineral source. The plaque control was started with 0,2% chlorhexidine gel, 5 times a week until the end of the study. After 2 months of treatment, the second premolars were randomly divided in two groups (test and control) and it was installed orthodontic appliance in both sides, using the third premolars and upper canine as anchorage. The orthodontic movement was achieved only in the test side, during 3 months. The animals were sacrificed and the second premolars were removed in block and processed for histological analysis. There weren't any differences that were statistically significant among the groups with relation to the total area of osseous filling, biomaterial and linear periodontal regeneration. However, there was a trend of the group to present more osseous amount and less biomaterial amount, besides the dislocation of the biomaterial for the furcation pressure side. The orthodontic movement could be done without intercurrences. Key- words: Periodontics; Guided tissue regeneration; Biocompatible materials; Orthodontic.
Mestre
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El, Abras Ankha Milagros del Valle. "Uso de ácido hialurônico associado ao plasma rico em plaquetas na regeneração de defeitos do disco articular e da superfície osteocondral causados pela osteoartrite na ATM /." São José dos Campos, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153743.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Yasmin Rodarte CarvalhoBanca: Rubens Guimarães Filho
Banca: Carla Roberta Tim
Banca: Luana Marotta Reis de Vasconcellos
Banca: Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
Resumo: Estudos anteriores sugerem que o ácido hialurônico (AH) e o plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP) têm potencial para melhorar o processo de cicatrização da cartilagem e diminuir a progressão da osteoartrite. No entanto, poucas pesquisas avaliam seu efeito sinérgico. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o efeito do AH associado ao PRP na regeneração do disco articular e da superfície osteocondral da articulação temporomandibular (ATM). A osteoartrite será induzida por meio da perfuração bilateral do disco articular de coelhos. Quarenta coelhos foram divididos em 4 grupos, conforme o procedimento: sem lesão(SL)/sem tratamento(ST) (n=4), lesão(L)/sem tratamento (ST) (n=12), L/AH (n=12), L/AH+PRP (n=12). Quatro coelhos do grupo SL/ST foram eutanasiados no tempo zero. Após 8 e 24 semanas da perfuração dos discos articulares, seis coelhos dos grupos L/ST, L/AH e L/AH+PRP foram eutanasiados. O disco articular foi avaliado radiograficamente para visualizar possíveis calcificações. Foi realizada análise macroscópica e histológica do disco e do côndilo mandibular. Foi utilizada a análise histoquímica por Picrosirius Red para avaliar a presença de colágeno I e III e a análise imuno-histoquímica do colágeno I e II. As porcentagens de marcação obtidas nas análises histoquímica e imuno-histoquímica foram avaliadas estatisticamente, adotando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Macroscopicamente, o disco articular nos grupos tratados apresentou, na maioria dos espécimes, preenchimento parcial ou ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract : Previous studies have suggested that hyaluronic acid (HA) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have the potential to improve the healing process of cartilage and decrease the progression of osteoarthritis. However, few studies have evaluated their synergistic effect. This study aims at evaluating the effect of HA associated with PRP on the regeneration of the articular disc and the osteochondral surface of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Osteoarthritis was induced by means of bilateral perforation of the articular disc of rabbits. Forty rabbits were divided into 4 groups, according to the procedure: without lesion (WL)/without treatment (WT) (n = 4), lesion (L)/without treatment (WT) (n = 12), L/HA (n = 12), L/ HA+PRP (n = 12). Four rabbits from group G1 were euthanized at time zero. After 8 and 24 weeks of joint disc perforation, six rabbits from groups L/WT, L/HA and L/HA+PRP were euthanized. The articular disc was evaluated radiographically to visualize possible calcifications. Macroscopic and histological analysis of the disc and the mandibular condyle were performed. The histochemical analysis by Picrosirius Red was used to evaluate the presence of collagen I and III, as well as the immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the expression of collagen I and II. The percentages of staining obtained from the histochemical and immunohistochemical analysis were statistically evaluated, adopting the significance level of 5%. Macroscopically, the articular disc in the treated groups presented in most of the specimens partial or total filling of the defect created. The condyles presented, in most of the specimens, degeneration of the osteochondral surface. Radiographically, after 24 weeks of disc perforation, foci of radiopacity were observed in the untreated and in some of the specimens of treated groups. Histological analysis confirmed the presence ......(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
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Fernandes, José Marcos Alves. "Plasma rico em plaquetas associado a enxerto ósseo autógeno e a membrana absorvível no tratamento de lesões de furca grau III : estudo histomorfométrico em cães /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104739.
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Orientador: Joni Augusto CirelliBanca: Luís Carlos Spolidorio
Banca: Álvaro Francisco Bosco
Banca: Marcio Fernando de Moraes Grisi
Banca: Elton Gonçalves Zenóbio
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar histomorfometricamente o efeito do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP), associado a enxerto ósseo autógeno e a membrana absorvível (Resolut®), no tratamento de lesões de furca grau III. Foram criados defeitos cirúrgicos nos 3os pré-molares inferiores (P3) de cinco cães, de ambos os lados, totalizando 10 dentes. Após um período de três meses de cronificação, as lesões foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de tratamento. (1) Grupo teste: PRP + enxerto ósseo autógeno + membrana; (2) Grupo controle: enxerto ósseo autógeno + membrana. Após um período de cicatrização de 90 dias, os animais foram sacrificados. A análise histológica, a partir da marcação, mostrou formação de novo cemento celular, mínima quantidade de novo osso e ligamento periodontal, em ambos os grupos. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os grupos teste e controle. A associação do PRP ao enxerto ósseo autógeno e membrana, ou somente, do enxerto ósseo autógeno e membrana, não apresentou vantagens estatisticamente significantes no tratamento das lesões, resultando em preenchimento parcial das furcas e regeneração periodontal limitada à marca experimental das lesões.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) effects, associated with autogenous bone graft and absorbable membrane (Resolut®), for the treatment of Class III furcation defects, in 5 dogs. Surgical defects were created in the 3nd mandibular premolars (P3) on both sides, of each dog, totaling 10 teeth. After a period of three months of chronified, the defects were randomly divided in two treatment groups. (1) Group Tests: PRP + graft bone autogenous + membrane; (2) Group Control: graft bone autogenous + membrane. Animals were sacrificed after 90 days healing. Histologic evaluation revealed new cellular cementum, low amount of bone and periodontal ligament formation in both groups, starting from the demarcation. No statistically significant difference was observed between Groups Test and Control. PRP + autogenous bone graft + membrane or autogenous bone graft + membrane no present statistically significant advantages on the lesions treatment, resulting in furcation partial filling and periodontal regeneration limited to the experimental mark of the lesions.
Doutor
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Heinze, Joseph John. "A retrospective study of the treatment of grade II furcations with a tricomponent bioresorbable membrane." Oklahoma City : [s.n.], 2006.
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Sy, Jay Christopher. "Novel strategies for cardiac drug delivery." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/39531.
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The American Heart Association (AHA) estimates that at least one American will die from a coronary event every minute, costing over $150 billion in 2008 alone. Regenerating the myocardium of patients that survive the initial infarction has proven to be an elusive goal. A variety of factors - including the loss of contractile cells, inflammatory response following infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, and lack of suitable cues for progenitor cells - causes fibrosis in the heart and loss of cardiac function. This dissertation examines three drug delivery strategies aimed at improving conditions for cardiac regeneration: polyketal microspheres as non-inflammatory drug delivery vehicles; surface functionalization of microparticles with nitrilotriacetic acid-nickel (NTA-Ni) for non-covalent tethering of proteins; and using Hoechst-inspired ligands for targeting extracellular DNA in necrotic tissue.
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Iamaguti, Luciana Santini [UNESP]. "Utilização de membrana biossintética de celulose em trocleoplastia experimental em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89100.
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iamaguti_ls_me_botfmvz.pdf: 753163 bytes, checksum: 213a9899967bd02b03e8f98c82bf083c (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de membrana biossintética de celulose (MBC) nacional, após a realização de trocleoplastia experimental em cães, com intuito de verificar se o uso desta poderia favorecer a migração de células com potencial condrogênico, assim como ocorre no tecido ósseo. A evolução pós-operatória dos cães foi analisada com especial interesse nos processos de reparação frente ao defeito osteocondral, estabelecendo as vantagens e desvantagens do uso do biomaterial. Foram utilizados 12 cães (Canis familiaris) adultos, sadios e sem alterações no aparelho locomotor. Todos os animais foram submetidos ao procedimento de trocleoplastia bilateral, sendo que a MBC foi aplicada no membro esquerdo. Os animais foram avaliados clínica e radiograficamente aos 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias de pós-operatório. A função locomotora do membro foi avaliada em escores pré-definidos, nos referidos momentos. A avaliação macroscópica da articulação foi realizada, nos momentos pré-estabelecidos, seguida da artrotomia exploratória, bem como da coleta de biópsia para o exame microscópico. Todos os animais apresentaram função normal dos membros nos momentos avaliados. Não houve diferença clínica e radiográfica entre os grupos controle (GC) e tratado (GT). Na avaliação histopatológica, aos 30 dias, notou-se intensa celularidade em ambos os grupos, sendo que no GC esta era constituída por fibroblastos ativos e no GT por condrócitos imaturos, formando um tecido conjuntivo mais organizado. O GC apresentava fibrose e muitos fibroblastos aos 60 dias, enquanto o GT apresentava maior número de condrócitos. Aos 90 dias, constatou-se formação de tecido do tipo fibrocartilaginoso maduro em ambos os grupos. Histomorfometricamente, o GT apresentou melhor resposta ao processo de reparação nos momentos iniciais quanto ao número de células e espessura do tecido...
The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of national biosynthetic cellulose membrane after experimental trochleoplasty, to verify if its utilization could support chondrogenic cells migration like occurs in osseous tissue. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of this biomaterial were evaluated through the observation of the reparative process of the osteochondral injury. Twelve adult healthy dogs (Canis familiaris) were used. All dogs were submitted to trochleoplasty in both pelvic limbs and the biosynthetic cellulose membrane was applied in the left limb. Clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed at 15, 30, 60 and 90 postoperatively. The locomotor function of the limb was evaluated in scores on the differents moments. The joint macroscopic evaluation was performed before exploratory arthrotomy and biopsy for microscopic exam. All dogs showed normal function of the limbs in all differents moments. Radiographic results showed no difference in control (CG) and treated groups (TG). Microscopic results showed at 30 days an increase of the celularity in both groups was observed. In the CG it was constituted by active fibroblasts and in TG by immatures condrocytes forming a more organized connective tissue. In the CG a fibrous tissue and many fibroblasts appear at 60 days and in the TG more condrocytes appear. A mature fibrocartilaginous tissue formed in both groups at 90 days. Histomorphometrically, TG presents better response of repair process in the fist moments as the number of cells and the tissue thickness. The biosynthetic cellulose membrane didn't cause deleterious effects showing good adaptation in intrarticular environment...(Complete abstract, access undermentioned eletronic address)
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Fernandes, José Marcos Alves [UNESP]. "Plasma rico em plaquetas associado a enxerto ósseo autógeno e a membrana absorvível no tratamento de lesões de furca grau III: estudo histomorfométrico em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/104739.
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O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar histomorfometricamente o efeito do plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP), associado a enxerto ósseo autógeno e a membrana absorvível (Resolut®), no tratamento de lesões de furca grau III. Foram criados defeitos cirúrgicos nos 3os pré-molares inferiores (P3) de cinco cães, de ambos os lados, totalizando 10 dentes. Após um período de três meses de cronificação, as lesões foram divididas aleatoriamente em dois grupos de tratamento. (1) Grupo teste: PRP + enxerto ósseo autógeno + membrana; (2) Grupo controle: enxerto ósseo autógeno + membrana. Após um período de cicatrização de 90 dias, os animais foram sacrificados. A análise histológica, a partir da marcação, mostrou formação de novo cemento celular, mínima quantidade de novo osso e ligamento periodontal, em ambos os grupos. Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi observada entre os grupos teste e controle. A associação do PRP ao enxerto ósseo autógeno e membrana, ou somente, do enxerto ósseo autógeno e membrana, não apresentou vantagens estatisticamente significantes no tratamento das lesões, resultando em preenchimento parcial das furcas e regeneração periodontal limitada à marca experimental das lesões.
The objective of this study was to evaluate histomorphometrically the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) effects, associated with autogenous bone graft and absorbable membrane (Resolut®), for the treatment of Class III furcation defects, in 5 dogs. Surgical defects were created in the 3nd mandibular premolars (P3) on both sides, of each dog, totaling 10 teeth. After a period of three months of chronified, the defects were randomly divided in two treatment groups. (1) Group Tests: PRP + graft bone autogenous + membrane; (2) Group Control: graft bone autogenous + membrane. Animals were sacrificed after 90 days healing. Histologic evaluation revealed new cellular cementum, low amount of bone and periodontal ligament formation in both groups, starting from the demarcation. No statistically significant difference was observed between Groups Test and Control. PRP + autogenous bone graft + membrane or autogenous bone graft + membrane no present statistically significant advantages on the lesions treatment, resulting in furcation partial filling and periodontal regeneration limited to the experimental mark of the lesions.
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Deliberador, Tatiana Miranda [UNESP]. "Enxerto de osso autógeno e barreira de sulfato de cálcio no tratamento de defeitos de furca classe II. Estudo histológico e histométrico em cães." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/96158.
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deliberador_tm_me_araca.pdf: 2630912 bytes, checksum: a0347c4bc88ad360bdf74a6658873848 (MD5)Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, histologicamente, o processo de cicatrização de defeitos de furca Classe II, criados cirurgicamente em cães e tratados com enxerto de osso autógeno (OA) associado ou não à barreira de sulfato de cálcio (SC). Os segundos, terceiros e quartos pré-molares mandibulares de 6 cães foram usados neste estudo. Defeitos de furca Classe II (5 mm de altura x 2 mm de profundidade) foram criados cirurgicamente e imediatamente tratados. Os dentes foram aleatoriamente divididos em 3 grupos: Grupo C (controle): o defeito foi preenchido somente com coágulo sanguíneo; Grupo OA (osso autógeno): o defeito foi preenchido com enxerto de OA; Grupo OA/SC (osso autógeno/sulfato de cálcio): o defeito foi preenchido com enxerto de OA e coberto com barreira de SC. Os retalhos foram suturados de forma a cobrir totalmente os defeitos. A eutanásia dos animais foi realizada aos 90 dias pós-operatórios. Foram obtidos cortes histológicos seriados mésio-distais, corados com HE ou Tricrômico de Masson. Cinco cortes de cada dente foram selecionados para análises histológica e histométrica. Foram avaliadas medidas lineares e medidas de área da cicatrização periodontal. Esses parâmetros foram apresentados como porcentagem do defeito original e transformados em arcoseno para análise estatística (ANOVA, p < 0,05). A regeneração periodontal ocorreu de forma similar nos três grupos, não sendo observada completa neoformação óssea e de tecido conjuntivo na maioria dos espécimes. Diferenças estatisticamente significativas não foram constatadas entre os três grupos em nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados. A cicatrização periodontal foi similar após o tratamento de defeitos de furca Classe II com enxerto de OA, enxerto de OA com barreira de SC ou debridamento cirúrgico somente.
The purpose of this study was to histologically analyze the healing of surgically created Class II furcation defects treated using an autogenous bone (AB) graft with or without a calcium sulfate (CS) barrier. The second, third and fourth mandibular premolars of 6 mongrel dogs were used in this study. Class II furcation defects (5 mm in height x 2 mm in depth) were surgically created and immediately treated. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group C (control): the defect was filled with blood clot; Group AB: the defect was filled with AB graft; Group AB/CS: the defect was filled with AB graft and covered by a CS barrier. Flaps were repositioned to cover all defects. The animals were euthanized at 90 days postoperative. Mesio-distal serial sections were obtained and stained with either H&E or Masson's Trichrome. Histometric, using image analysis software, and histologic analyses were performed. Linear and area measurements of periodontal healing were evaluated and calculated as a percentage of the original defect. Percentage data were transformed into arccosine for statistical analysis (ANOVA, p<0.05). Periodontal regeneration in the 3 groups was similar. Regeneration of bone and connective tissue in the furcation defects was incomplete in most of the specimens. Statistically significant differences were not found in any of the evaluated parameters among the groups. Periodontal healing was similar wheter using surgical debridement alone, AB graft, or AB graft with a CS barrier in the treatment of Class II furcation defects.