Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) – Anciens combattants'
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Martinez, Laurent. "Approche clinique du concept de névrose traumatique en France pendant la première guerre mondiale." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M145.
Full textFouchard, Dominique. "L'empreinte de la Grande Guerre dans les familles françaises : Quels retours à l’intime dans l’entre-deux-guerres ?" Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100113.
Full textThe November 11, 1918’ armistice ended up four years of war during which couples and families had to adapt to the new family’s settings that the conflict imposed, and they lived unknown and dissimilar experiences. Facing this harsh experiment, most of them tried hard to maintain alive the links and bonds brutally broken by massive mobilization and, according to the events, thought about their marital and family life, through the mean of mailed letters. But the clocks that rang to the celebration of armless silence were not to ring for the private demobilization, starting with those who had lost their husband, their father during the war. A number of World war I’s veterans were marked - in their body, in their mind and in their memories-, by the traces of a war which was reluctant to fade, and that the tensions during the interwar period -whether they were economical, social or political – refreshed in privacy, more than in any other place. The war deeply irrigated all the society, on the one hand through the print that it left in the bodies et in the feelings, and through the marital and familial experiences it made true, and that modified sustainably the vision one had on himself and on the other, and, thus, on common life. In a time of gender stiffening stereotyping identities and of moral steepness – that strengthened war propaganda for long – the multiple traces left by the conflict shacked, in private behaviors, identity markers of traditional maternal and paternal functions, as well as the way the couple viewed itself
Destenay, Emmanuel. "Expériences de guerre et retours à la vie civile des combattants irlandais, 1914-1928." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040200.
Full textThis research work aims to identify the characteristics of the Irish soldiers who served in the British Army during the First World War and assess their peculiar post-war situation. We chose a wide chronological field, beyond 1918, in order to cover the war remembrance and demobilisation issues of Irish units. We aim to show how the endogenous situation in Ireland influenced the volunteers’ war effort and impacted their reintegration into Irish civil life. Our work enriches the 1919-1924 Irish revolutionary period’s historiography by focusing on socio-economic, political and cultural factors. Studying the life story of Irish First World War survivors enables us to span their enlistment in Republican brigades or British Army units, while also covering the acts of violence and cruelty committed against them. Our work lies at the crossroads of numerous political, social and cultural questions, as well as raising the anthropological issues of the Irish veterans’ experience
Destenay, Emmanuel. "Expériences de guerre et retours à la vie civile des combattants irlandais, 1914-1928." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040200.
Full textThis research work aims to identify the characteristics of the Irish soldiers who served in the British Army during the First World War and assess their peculiar post-war situation. We chose a wide chronological field, beyond 1918, in order to cover the war remembrance and demobilisation issues of Irish units. We aim to show how the endogenous situation in Ireland influenced the volunteers’ war effort and impacted their reintegration into Irish civil life. Our work enriches the 1919-1924 Irish revolutionary period’s historiography by focusing on socio-economic, political and cultural factors. Studying the life story of Irish First World War survivors enables us to span their enlistment in Republican brigades or British Army units, while also covering the acts of violence and cruelty committed against them. Our work lies at the crossroads of numerous political, social and cultural questions, as well as raising the anthropological issues of the Irish veterans’ experience
Grillot, Thomas. "L'héritage patriotique : mémoire de la Grande Guerre et anciens combattants amérindiens aux États-Unis (1917-1947)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0122.
Full textCase studies of Indian communities throughout the United States, with a special focus on the Dakotas and the Standing Rock reservation invite a reexamination of the impact of World War One on American Indian ethnie identity. Like other minorities, Native Americans used their contribution to the war effort to contest their position vis-à-vis majority society. Contrary to others, however, they relied on nativism to uphold their rights, whether enshrined in treaties or based on a newly acquired American citizenship. During Memorial Day and Armistice Day celebrations, memories of the Great War were mobilized to rehabilitate ethnic heroes and histories and strengthen tribal and racial identities: the modern powwow eventually came out of those discursive and technical innovations. As symbols of a warrior past and community heroes, Native American veterans played a central role in the workings of memory. They also carried their own generational experience, one of mobility and greater openness unto the non-Indian world. This rich experience did not necessarily translate into political capital, but helped make veterans some of the most vocal participants or opponents of the major reform of the 1930s in Indian Affairs: John Collier's Indian New Deal. In doing so, they turned out to be decisive contributors to the redefinition of American Indian identities in the 20th century
Reimbold, Emmanuelle. "Épreuves de la reconnaissance : stratégies, solidarité et concurrence des victimes de la Grande Guerre (1914-1930)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA01H062.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on the construction of an unofficial hierarchy on the war victims during World War I and then during the 1920’s. In fact, while some categories of victims such as the war-disabled maintain their notoriety or gain recognition like the veterans, others are neglected like the indigenous soldiers from the French colonial empire. This ranking results from choices which keep evolving from 1914 till 1930. This thesis aims at identifying the reasons for these sorts, the processes at work and the instigators of this selective political use of memory. The main sources used for the writing of this thesis are the following Journal officiel and two journals of the war victims themselves Journal des mutilés et réformés and La Voix du combattant. All of these sources illustrate this construction and throw light on the motivations which justify these choices. Journal officiel documents various forms of recognition and reparation granted to the victims and specifies the distinctions made according to the interests of the French State. As for the journals of the war victims, they develop arguments to defend the cause of the war victims and also integrate some differences. This constrains the neglected categories to modify their arguments in order either to be heard or to accept their invisibilization. The journals thus reveal the complexity of the relationships the war victims maintain. They either mix and help one another or ignore one another. All of these writings feed the construction of the memory of the war and designate its most worthy representatives. They also reflect the power and representation issues and in doing so, points out the interests of the persons who can make choices. However, this hierarchy is not intangible. The invaded regions and their population which were neglected during the French debates, constitutes a fundamental argument throughout the international negociations. The reparations granted to the indigenous soldiers differ depending on the colony, according to the necessities of the colonial authorities. The hierarchical ordrer thus varies depending on the discussion arena as well as on the interests at stake
Derrien, Marie. ""La tête en capilotade" : les soldats de la grande guerre internés dans les hôpitaux psychiatriques français." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20092/document.
Full textThe primary objective of this thesis is to observe the functioning of a society plunged into war and faced with one of its consequences: the internment of soldiers suffering from mental illness. The aim is to show that we can contribute to the global history of the war by analyzing the experiences of a small group of people within a mental asylum, though their experiences may seem isolated and unrepresentative of the majority. Contrary to the implications of the purely medical literature, it was not in fact the psychiatrists alone who had an interest in the situation of these men: investigation of various kinds of archive shows that their families, fellow soldiers, senior officers, the representatives of the armed forces and the government at national, regional and local level, as well as asylum directors and their staff, reacted, intervened and took decisions concerning them. Between 1914 and 1918, and subsequently until the passing of the last interned 'poilus', the case of soldiers victims of mental illness raises issues of psychological, military, political, economic and cultural nature which transcend their individual particularities. Furthermore, these men’s histories and their voices reveal a long-overlooked dimension of the violence of war and the suffering endured by the soldiers both before and after the armistice. By examining the way in which their conditions were regarded, not only by doctors but by society as a whole, we come to ask ourselves to what extent conflict affects the way in which those who were categorized as mentally ill were perceived. Therefore the second objective of this thesis is to reflect on the role of war in transforming social intervention measures, thereby evaluating the effect of the 1914-1918 period on the evolution of psychiatric assistance during the 20th century
Sibson, Sophie. "Les stigmates de la Grande Guerre : le retour des soldats blessés en Grande-Bretagne de 1918 à 1930." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR070.
Full textThis thesis centers on the difficulties wounded veterans encountered on their return to Britain after the war up to the early 1930s. In particular, the manner in which the public at large responded to these difficulties is a focal point of the analysis. At the end of the war and in the years that followed, for many British people there was a strong desire to forget the conflict and the accompanying loss and sadness. In analysing the experiences and reactions of veterans and the population as a whole three aspects were examined, namely, their intergration into : professional life, domestic life and society in general. An economic and political framework was presented at the beginning as a means of putting the return of wounded veterans into a necessary and pertinent perspective. The first part of the thesis examines the re-integration of wounded veterans into the workforce. The attitudes of several groups, including those of the government, charities, hospital authorities, employers as well as the veterans themselves were studied. The second part deals with the acceptance and consequences of wounded veterans returning to domestic life. The reactions of family, friends, the veterans themselves and society were presented. The problems of divorce, suicide and alcoholism completed this part. The final section examined the re-integration of wounded veterans into society in general ; a society still greatly under the influence of a strong, rigid image of masculinity. The consequences of devastating wounds such as disfigurement and shell-shock were discussed in this section of social integration. Additionally, the work of veterans’ associations and charities as well as various cultural representations of the integration of wounded veterans were presented
Beaupré, Nicolas. "Les écrivains combattants français et allemands de la Grande Guerre (1914-1920), essai d'histoire comparée." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100119.
Full textHardier, Thierry. "Les traces rupestres réalisées par les combattants de la guerre de 1914-1918 dans les creutes de l'Ainsne et de l'Oise." Strasbourg, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011STRA4033.
Full textIn Aisne and Oise, during the Great War, soldiers occupied underground quarries (called the "creutes") and used them as shelters. On the calcareous walls of these caves, they produced thousands of graffiti, engravings and low reliefs. Our thesis aimed at analysing that huge amount of rupestrian testimonies which allows us to consider it both as a phenomenon and as a direct source. The study of the rupestrian traces has been carried out in two phases. First, we visited 338 sites to establish an inventory. Then, from the inventory (4 566 traces), our methodological approach was based on a quantitative and serial analysis of the testimonies thanks to a database. During the analysis of the corpus, we also confronted those traces with other sources. Eventually, our study was carried out according to the following questions: what is the nature, the interest, the originality but also the limits of that source? Does it contribute to viewing the domains of social and cultural history, as far as the Great War soldiers are concerned, in a new way? And in all those fields, does it bring significant differences between French, German and American soldiers into light?To try and give answers to these questions, the first part of this thesis aimed at replacing the rupestrian phenomenon in its military context and its geographical environment. The second part of the thesis described, from a formal point of view, the rupestrian phenomenon and analysed the elements that determined it. Finally the last part was dedicated to the analysis of the content of the rupestrian traces
Chatillon, Sébastien. "Les combattants haut-savoyards de la grande guerre dans la société, 1889-1940." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20040.
Full textIn the present context of commemoration marking the centenary of the Great War, the first world conflict, long overshadowed by the powerful impression of the Second World War, draws a renewal of attention among the general public. In the 1990's, University studies started to reinterpret the 1914 War within sociology, placing the common soldier at the center of concerns. Long ignored by classic historiography, the conscript is now the focus of numerous studies on not only his daily life but as well his behaviour and perceptions in addition to his sociological environment.Anchored in the strong-natured French department of Haute-Savoie, this study aims at retracing the life and progress of the fighters in the light of local administrative archives - especially of military records which richness has been up-to-date largely ignored - in order to recall the voices of their original testimonies. The history of the Haut-Savoyard as a combatant begins in facts as early as the Belle Époque. Haute-Savoie then showed a singular face within the realm of the "Great Nation" it had only joined in 1860 : a land of traditions, agrarian and catholic, it holds a strategic position at the heart of the Alpine massif. Its conscripts were to meet the national administration for the first time in the context of fulfilling their military obligations, before being absorbed by an implacable drafting system which mission was to feed the State with the soldiers needed for the Great War effort.The Haut-Savoyards' war experience can be estimated as much through their military fate as through their insights of the events, without neglecting their bond with the "home front" furthermore. After the armistice and demobilisation, these veterans illustrated themselves through active militancy : they ambitioned to build a better world in respect of the "great dead", ardently remembered and celebrated by the Haut-Savoyard society and communities
Lagrange, François. "Moral et opinions des combattants français durant la première guerre mondiale d’après les rapports du contrôle postal de la IVe armée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040003.
Full textTrench Warfare is commonly described by war veterans and historians as a highly dangerous and fast unbearable experience. This comprehensive study tries to improve our understanding of morale and opinions of French soldiers during World War I. Why did so many people fight such a long time, in spite of death; suffering and danger? Reports of military censorship of the IVth Army from January 1915 to March 1918 help, as sort of opinion polls, to find answers by giving us a lot of valuable and various information
Lagrange, François. "Moral et opinions des combattants français durant la première guerre mondiale d’après les rapports du contrôle postal de la IVe armée." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040003/document.
Full textTrench Warfare is commonly described by war veterans and historians as a highly dangerous and fast unbearable experience. This comprehensive study tries to improve our understanding of morale and opinions of French soldiers during World War I. Why did so many people fight such a long time, in spite of death; suffering and danger? Reports of military censorship of the IVth Army from January 1915 to March 1918 help, as sort of opinion polls, to find answers by giving us a lot of valuable and various information
Lafon, Alexandre. "La camaraderie au front : étude de la sociabilité et des pratiques relationnelles du monde combattant 1914-1918." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20071.
Full textThe notion of ‘camaraderie’ has irradiated the whole discourses delivered after the Great War, either by the government or by historians- often war survivors or by veterans. Unity, solidarity and fraternity are values enhanced by fighting at the front. Direct sources issued straight after the event itself, narratives such as letters, diaries or « visual discourses » from private photographs tend to emphasize a notion stemming from a staging of the war.Therefore, works dealing with ‘camaraderie’ - like the observation of the fighters' relationship as regards sharing the shelter, food or the rites of conviviality, give us – though all inscribing within the topic of the lasting war, a glimpse of a fragmentation of the groups and the experiences, as well as unequal situations.During the war, identities, notably the social ones, are indeed strong factors of construction, activation or reactivation of social bonds which deploy at multiple levels, thus defining superimposed, more or less intense circles of camaraderie which also leave room for acknowledging the enemy as a comrade.Finally, if the violence that weighs on men under their uniforms is felt the same way, the multiplicity of relational bonds weave networks allowing soldiers-fighters to adapt to the war while realizing at the macro-political level the non-existence of the dream of equality advocated by the Republic and the official discourse, except - and yet again reinforcing the gap - against the world of the rear which crystallizes grudges and takes part in generating the “myth” of fraternity at the front
Mathieu, Mickaël. "Revigny-sur-Ornain, Vaubécourt et la Première Guerre mondiale : histoire et mémoire dans deux anciens cantons ruraux de la Meuse (1914-2018)." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0297.
Full textWorld War I strongly affected the department of the Meuse, crossed by the Western front line ... Verdun, the salient Saint-Mihiel and the Argonne still bear the scars of these years of fighting. However, further south, the former cantons of Revigny and Vaubécourt (gathered since 2014) also suffered the fire of the war. Nothing seemed destined to become a battlefield, but they found themselves on the front line of the first battle of the Marne because they are on the road of the two main cities Meus, Bar-le-Duc and Verdun, main stakes on this combat sector. The battle between the 3rd French Army and the 5th German Army is hard. In the end, the Germans are forced to withdraw, as on the whole front. They abandon the cantons of Revigny and Vaubécourt, also theater of the "miracle of the Marne", but with less notoriety in comparison with the rescue of Paris and "taxis of the Marne" ...After the Battle of the Marne, the two cantons, partly ruined, are found in the French rear-front. The line of fire is more northerly, but the effects of the conflict are still felt. Generals oversee operations on the Champagne and Meuse fronts. Military installations are erected to support and supply the combat areas. They welcome French and Allied soldiers on their way out and back from the front. The local population is forced to participate in the war effort, seeing its main resources made available to the French and American armies. During the whole conflict, the inhabitants of the townships of Revigny and Vaubécourt experienced difficult hours, under the sign of anxiety, privations and sometimes difficult relations with the military authority.After the armistice, tributes are paid to these territories for the suffering endured during the hostilities, rendered by the Nation through the two Meusian politicians of the time, Raymond Poincaré and André Maginot. The two cantons honor their inhabitants who died of the conflict, raise their ruins, but make disappear the traces, contributing to the forgetfulness of these combats and the events which occurred during the Great War in the townships of Revigny and Vaubécourt. It was only on the occasion of the centenary of the First World War that this story was partially brought to light
Trnkova, Héléna. "Pour quelle Patrie? Des loyautés et des dissidences dans l'Armée austro-hongroise 1914-1918 : étude des témoignages." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MON30107.
Full textFor the population of the former Austro Empire, the first world war
Saint-Ramond, Roussanne Francine. "La campagne d'Orient, 1915-1918, Dardanelles-Macédoine, d'après les témoignages de combattants : des premiers départs vers les Dardanelles fin février 1915 à l'armistice bulgare du 29 septembre 1918." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010690.
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