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Journal articles on the topic 'Guaranteed provision of a resource'
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1
Rancilio, Giuliano, Arianna Rossi, Claudio Di Profio, Martino Alborghetti, Andrea Galliani, and Marco Merlo. "Grid-Scale BESS for Ancillary Services Provision: SoC Restoration Strategies." Applied Sciences 10, no. 12 (June 15, 2020): 4121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10124121.
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The future power system, characterized by lower inertia, reduced programmability and more distributed architecture, will depend on prompt and reliable control systems. Quick ancillary services provided by battery energy storage systems (BESS) could be a resource in order to deliver fast and precise response to frequency events. Degrees of freedom in the design of innovative products traded on ancillary services markets give the asset manager room for developing state-of-charge (SoC) restoration mechanisms. These are necessary to effectively exploit BESS as key resources for electricity balancing. This study compares the main SoC restoration strategies. It aims to define which ones are suitable for guaranteeing the reliability of the provision and the return on the investment. A robust regulatory framework analysis describes the degrees of freedom guaranteed by the main experiences around Europe. In this paper, a BESS model with variable efficiency is used to compare the provision of Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR) with different SoC restoration strategies exploiting one or more degrees of freedom. Here, we show that the degrees of freedom are key to the reliability of provision. Among most diffused mechanisms, dead-band strategies secure the desired consistency, but require large energy flows for SoC management. Thus, BESS life and economics decrease. The strategies based on minimum available energy guarantee assured reliability while being fair with BESS life and operation costs.
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Parus, E. V., I. V. Blinov, and D. O. Olefir. "ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC EFFECT OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM PROVIDING THE BAL-ANCING SERVICES IN THE IPS OF UKRAINE." Praci Institutu elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini 2021, no. 60 (December 10, 2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2021.60.028.
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The article presents a simulation model for estimating the economic effect of the energy storage systems providing the balancing electricity to the Transmission System Operator in the balancing market segment. The model simulates the serial charge and discharge of storage (i.e., sequential provision of unloading and loading services). Peculiarities of considering the cost of purchase, installation, and maintenance of energy storage systems with reduction both to the guaranteed service life and the guaranteed resource of charge/discharge cycles are given. An example of the application of the simulation model for estimating the economic effect and payback period of energy storage systems in the provision of electricity balancing services in the balancing market segment is shown. Ref. 15.
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Madhavi, K. Valli, CH Kalyani, and S. Durga Prasad. "A Novel Approach for Dynamic Apportion and De-Allocate Resources from the Cloud." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 9 (June 24, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i9.77.
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Cloud computing is on demand as it offers dynamic flexible resource allocation for reliable and guaranteed services in pay as-you-use manner to public. In Cloud computing multiple cloud users can request number of cloud services simultaneously. So there must be a provision that all resources are made available to requesting user in efficient manner to satisfy their need. Hence there is no need for getting licenses for individual products. Virtual Machine (VM) technology has been employed for resource provisioning. It is expected that using virtualized environment will reduce the average job response time as well as executes the task according to the availability of resources. Effective and dynamic utilization of the resources in cloud can help to balance the load and avoid situations like slow run of systems.
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Sukhov, Vadim. "World’s models of free legal aid provision." International Relations Plus, no. 2(20) (December 2021): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.52327/1857-4440.2021.2(20).28.
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The article is dedicated to the study and comparison of models of state-guaranteed legal aid, existing in the world, to find the most effective of them. It is concluded that the mixed model allows a more efficient use of resources for free legal aid and better services.
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Beshley, Mykola, Natalia Kryvinska, Halyna Beshley, Oleg Yaremko, and Julia Pyrih. "Virtual Router Design and Modeling for Future Networks with QoS Guarantees." Electronics 10, no. 10 (May 11, 2021): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10101139.
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A virtual router model with a static and dynamic resource reconfiguration for future internet networking was developed. This technique allows us to create efficient virtual devices with optimal parameters (queue length, queue overflow management discipline, number of serving devices, mode of serving devices) to ensure the required level of quality of service (QoS). An analytical model of a network device with virtual routers is proposed. By means of the mentioned mathematical representation, it is possible to determine the main parameters of the virtual queue system, which are based on the first in, first out (FIFO) algorithm, in order to analyze the efficiency of network resources utilization, as well as to determine the parameters of QoS flows, for a given intensity of packets arrival at the input interface of the network element. In order to research the guaranteed level of QoS in future telecommunications networks, a simulation model of a packet router with resource virtualization was developed. This model will allow designers to choose the optimal parameters of network equipment for the organization of virtual routers, which, in contrast to the existing principle of service, will provide the necessary quality of service provision to end users in the future network. It is shown that the use of standard static network device virtualization technology is not able to fully provide a guaranteed level of QoS to all present flows in the network by the criterion of minimum delay. An approach for dynamic reconfiguration of network device resources for virtual routers has been proposed, which allows more flexible resource management at certain points in time depending on the input load. Based on the results of the study, it is shown that the dynamic virtualization of the network device provides a guaranteed level of QoS for all transmitted flows. Thus, the obtained results confirm the feasibility of using dynamic reconfiguration of network device resources to improve the quality of service for end users.
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Shakil, Kashish Ara, Mansaf Alam, and Samiya Khan. "A latency-aware max-min algorithm for resource allocation in cloud." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v11i1.pp671-685.
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Cloud computing is an emerging distributed computing paradigm. However, it requires certain initiatives that need to be tailored for the cloud environment such as the provision of an on-the-fly mechanism for providing resource availability based on the rapidly changing demands of the customers. Although, resource allocation is an important problem and has been widely studied, there are certain criteria that need to be considered. These criteria include meeting user’s quality of service (QoS) requirements. High QoS can be guaranteed only if resources are allocated in an optimal manner. This paper proposes a latency-aware max-min algorithm (LAM) for allocation of resources in cloud infrastructures. The proposed algorithm was designed to address challenges associated with resource allocation such as variations in user demands and on-demand access to unlimited resources. It is capable of allocating resources in a cloud-based environment with the target of enhancing infrastructure-level performance and maximization of profits with the optimum allocation of resources. A priority value is also associated with each user, which is calculated by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The results validate the superiority for LAM due to better performance in comparison to other state-of-the-art algorithms with flexibility in resource allocation for fluctuating resource demand patterns.
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Fischer, Max, Manuel Giffels, Andreas Heiss, Eileen Kuehn, Matthias Schnepf, Ralf Florian von Cube, Andreas Petzold, and Günter Quast. "Effective Dynamic Integration and Utilization of Heterogenous Compute Resources." EPJ Web of Conferences 245 (2020): 07038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202024507038.
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Increased operational effectiveness and the dynamic integration of only temporarily available compute resources (opportunistic resources) becomes more and more important in the next decade, due to the scarcity of resources for future high energy physics experiments as well as the desired integration of cloud and high performance computing resources. This results in a more heterogenous compute environment, which gives rise to huge challenges for the computing operation teams of the experiments. At the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) we design solutions to tackle these challenges. In order to ensure an efficient utilization of opportunistic resources and unified access to the entire infrastructure, we developed the Transparent Adaptive Resource Dynamic Integration System (TARDIS). A scalable multi-agent resource manager providing interfaces to provision as well as dynamically and transparently integrate resources of various providers into one common overlay batch system. Operational effectiveness is guaranteed by relying on COBalD – the Opportunistic Balancing Daemon and its simple approach of taking into account the utilization and allocation of the different resource types, in order to run the individual workflows on the best-suited resource respectively. In this contribution we will present the current status of integrating various HPC centers and cloud providers into the compute infrastructure at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology as well as our experiences gained in a production environment.
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Lupenko, Yurii, and Svitlana Andros. "The system of credit guarantees as a tool to increase financing for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises." Ekonomika APK 317, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202103006.
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The purpose of the article is, based on the analysis of the best international experience, to formulate theoretical aspects and offer recommendations aimed at developing an effective system of credit guarantees to increase financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Research methods. In the process of research, depending on the goals and objectives, the following methods of cognition and analysis of economic processes were used: theoretical generalization - when substantiating theoretical provisions on the functioning of the system of credit guarantees; statistical comparisons - in identifying and assessing the effectiveness of state regulation of the system of financing small and medium-sized businesses; analysis of hierarchies - when determining promising ways of financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises; systemic method - in assessing the effectiveness of government regulation of the system of credit guarantees as one of the key tools widely used with the support of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy; expert assessments - when systematizing the main guarantee schemes and types of guarantee products and restrictions on their practical application; analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison - in the study of international experience in the implementation of guaranteed lending programs and consideration of the existing schemes for organizing this activity. Research results. The main provisions of the development of the system of financial support for small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises are formulated and methodological approaches to its improvement in the context of reforming the national economy are developed. The expediency of the development of programs for providing loans was determined, taking into account their role in reducing the restrictions on lending by banks to small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises. Conceptual foundations for the implementation of guarantee programs carried out with state participation have been developed. It has been established that targeted long-term and medium-term loans and guarantees allow covering the risks associated with agricultural activities by providing financial resources for the development of production. The necessity of developing a system of credit guarantees as the most effective instrument of financial support for enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy has been proved. It was found that a good result can be achieved through the provision of guarantees that provide a partial amount of credit, when the farmer also bears some responsibility for the return of the funds received. Scientific novelty. Conceptual foundations for the development of a loan guarantee system have been developed The introduction of government measures aimed at increasing the volume of lending to small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises is proposed. The system of credit guarantees was further developed as the most effective instrument capable of alleviating difficulties in obtaining a bank loan for small and medium-sized agribusiness. On the basis of the best international experience, the national system of guaranteeing loans was improved with the formation and functioning of specific financial institutions (funds) specializing in ensuring the provision of commercial loans to enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Practical significance of the article lies in bringing the theoretical and methodological provisions to the level of practical recommendations in the development of national measures for financial support and stimulation of the development of small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises in Ukraine. The formulated provisions, conclusions and recommendations are of interest to managers and employees of enterprises in the agricultural sector of the economy. The research materials can be used in the activities of guarantee organizations, financial and credit institutions, government bodies. Tabl.: 2. Figs.: 2. Refs.: 19.
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Gryshova, Inna, and Tetiana Shestakovska. "INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN THE MARKET OF MEDICAL SERVICES OF UKRAINE." Economic Analysis, no. 27(4) (2017): 321–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.04.321.
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The study of the peculiarities of the infrastructure provision of persons with disabilities in the market of medical services is considered in the article. It has been identified that the state of the infrastructure of the domestic healthcare market is characterized by the provision of medical services for people with disabilities. Every year it decreases due to the reduction of public financing of the medical sector, the inefficient use of budgetary funds, and the imperfection of national legislation, which regulates the functioning of this market. The financial resource and economic potential of the country are not able to meet the needs of persons with disabilities in medical care at a state-guaranteed quality level, especially, despite the rapid increase in the number of persons with disabilities. The factors, which influence the infrastructure provision of persons with disabilities in the market of medical services, are determined. The necessity to develop forms of public and private partnership in this area is grounded. The preconditions for forming the system of infrastructure provision of persons with disabilities in the market of medical services are defined. They are considered as a complex of organizational and economic instruments. This complex aims to expand the opportunities for persons with disabilities, taking into account their individual characteristics. The success of functioning of the whole system of social and economic provision of persons with disabilities and of the separate components of this system mostly depends on the complex and systematic approach to its institutional regulation.
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Zheliuk, Tetiana. "FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE MARKET OF MEDICAL SERVICES AND PURCHASE OF MEDICINES." Regional’ni aspekti rozvitku produktivnih sil Ukraїni, no. 23 (2018): 113–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/rarrpsu2018.23.113.
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The modern problems of formation of the market of medical services are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the resource provision of medical institutions, the provision of medical services and medicines in the context of medical reform. The effectiveness of the regulation of financial and price aspects of the provision of medical services through the program of state financial guarantees, the use of modern forms of procurement of medicines and medicines, the establishment of a tariff for medical services related to the provision of primary health care, quality assurance and availability of medicines has been analyzed. The approaches to improving the efficiency and quality of provision of medical services at the regional level are substantiated.
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Duan, Qiang, Xinghe Li, and Linjie Zhang. "Network Calculus-Based Delay Analysis for QoS Provision in Buffered Crossbar Switch." Journal of Interconnection Networks 04, no. 02 (June 2003): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219265903000787.
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The buffered crossbar switch employs crossbar-based switching fabric architecture with internal buffers and combined input and output queueing scheme. It is promising to achieve high performance without complex implementation. In this paper, we apply network calculus-based analytical technique to study the delay performance of the buffered crossbar switch. We set up a service curve-based model for the traffic control system of buffered crossbar switch. Based on this model, we develop techniques that can determine the end-to-end service curve guaranteed to a flow of traffic and calculate the packet delay upper bound of this flow. Then we analyze the determining factors of this delay bound performance and the relation between the delay bound and the amount of resources (bandwidth and credits) allocated in the switch to a flow.
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Bogachev, V. F., S. Yu Kozmenko, A. B. Teslya, and A. A. Shchegolkova. "Arctic Communication System Development as a Factor of Guaranteed Access Maintenance to Strategic Resources." Management Science 8, no. 3 (October 3, 2018): 6–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2304-022x-2018-8-3-6-19.
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The development of new technologies, reducing the economic and physical costs of access to the unique resources of the Arctic, has simultaneously identified a set of interrelated economic and geopolitical problems arising during the Arctic territory development. Therefore, the subject of research of the article is the problem of the Arctic communication system formation, without which the further development of the region is not possible. The authors tried to substantiate the priority directions of the development of the communication system of the Arctic region with the aim to ensure continuous mobile access to strategically significant resources of the region in the current economic and geopolitical tendencies. The article proves that the main task of developing the Arctic should be to ensure the sustainable development of the Arctic region, which can not be achieved without the formation of an adequate level of a system of transport communications which meets the set goals and objectives of the development of the territories. Limited resources with a significant amount of required initial capital investment require an informed choice of priority investment areas, “points of growth” of the system of communications formed. The main conclusion is that the provision of operational access to the strategic resources of the Arctic is impossible without further development of the transport communications system in the region, and first of all the marine transport infrastructure (in particular, the Northern Sea route). At the same time, the impact of the redistribution of traffic flows on various aspects of the region's livelihoods, including the labor market and the social sphere, requires a separate study.
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Lipman, Sam, Gary Gilkes, and Ashley Hanson. "Staff wellbeing: a matter for quality indicators or a concern in its own right?" Journal of Paramedic Practice 13, no. 4 (April 2, 2021): 152–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jpar.2021.13.4.152.
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Despite assurance measures being developed alongside expanding scopes of practice, poor NHS ambulance staff wellbeing means high-quality job performance and patient care are not guaranteed. The UK's service is struggling to cope with growing demand and is not fully adapting from its historical emergency response role to meet modern-day urgent care needs. This puts unnecessary pressures and risks of stress from exhausting, intense work on to its most valuable resource: staff. Detrimental workplace cultures exacerbate this, along with added target-driven strain from non-evidence-based ambulance quality indicators. With poor support, communication, leadership and mental wellbeing provision, staff are increasingly dissatisfied, demoralised and experiencing a myriad of health problems. Consequences include excessive staff sickness absences and turnover as well as an up to 75% higher suicide risk. Trusts should collaborate to identify and address the causes of demand that cannot be met, and chief executives and boards should work with staff to prioritise structured wellbeing assessment and improvement. Further research is also needed.
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Feng, Tao, Jun Bi, and Hui Cao. "Network Capacity on-Demand." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.102.
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With the rapid development and integration of the Internet, wireless communication network and the Internet of Things, the Internet faces many challenges as a bearer network: a large volume of information exchange, multi-level QoS and smoothly switching multiple access protocols. The Internet should be able to provide a variety of network capacity in a more dynamic and on-demand way, not just only limited network resources provision through virtualization. The elastic network is expected to adapt to network changes by enabling network protocols selection and combination dynamically. Cloud computing illustrates a new Internet-based model of IT resources (hardware, software, data) provision, delivery and consumption as a service. Therefore, network protocols as a service can provide guaranteed quality of service and good quality of experience to users who do not care about any network configuration and network management. In this paper, we proposes a novel idea of network capacity on demand by combining the service provision model of cloud computing with the openness of the network protocol. The related conception and stakeholders of network protocol as service are depicted. Cloud-based network architecture is design to present the provision, delivery and consumption of network capacity on demand and discuss the key features of cloud-based network. Finally, a prototype of cloud-based network is implemented by extending OpenFlow architecture.
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Moisseyenko, O. V., S. I. Bobkov, M. F. Kozlova, Zh G. Jabassova, and V. S. Kukhar. "Integration of logistic principles into resource-saving technologies, precision and organic farming." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 949, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/949/1/012104.
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Abstract The article presents an analysis of technical means and logistics principles used in the agro-industrial complex of the northern region of Kazakhstan in the implementation of resource-saving technologies, precision and organic farming. The analysis of scientific and technical literature and the production situation shows that the use of individual elements of the precision farming system in various technologies can increase labor productivity by up to 10% and reduce the total costs of cultivating crops by up to 25%, and the use of modern high-performance machine complexes equipped with recommended elements of the precision farming system can increase productivity by 1.7…2.3 times compared to the existing fleet of agricultural machinery. In turn, compliance with the logistics principles of resource provision of agricultural entities at the regional level at the present stage of development is an objective condition for their successful functioning. The allocation of resources should ensure the formation of effective logistics systems that guarantee the refinement of resources to places of consumption in accordance with the interests of all economic entities using resource-saving technologies, precision and organic farming.
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Smirnov, Sergey. "A guaranteed deterministic approach to margining on exchange-traded derivatives market: Numerical experiment." Economics and the Mathematical Methods 57, no. 4 (2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s042473880017501-0.
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The article discusses a modern approach to risk management of the central counterparty,primarily the issue of the sufficiency of its financial resources, including the provision of clearingmembers, the capital of the central counterparty and the mutual liability fund. The main subject is the margining system, responsible for an adequate level of collateral for clearing members, that plays critical role in risk management, being the vanguard in protecting against losses associated with default by clearing members and the most sensitive to market risk part of the central counterparty’s skin of the game. A system of margining a portfolio of options and futures in the derivatives market is described, with default management based on the methodology proposed by a number of inventors, registered in 2004. For this system, a mathematical model of margining (i.e. determining the required level of the collateral) is built, based on the ideology of a guaranteed deterministic approach to superhedging: Bellman–Isaacs equations are derived from the economic meaning of the problem. A form of these equations, convenient for calculations, is obtained. Lipschitz constants for the solutions of Bellman–Isaacs equations are estimated. A computational framework for efficient numerical solution of these equations is created. Numerical experiments are carried out on some model examples to demonstrate the efficiency of the system. These experiments also show practical implications of marginsubadditivity — a crucial property of the mathematical model.
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Gryshova, Inna, and Tetiana Shestakovska. "INSTITUTIONAL REGULATORS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC PROVISION OF DISABLED PERSONS IN THE MARKET OF MEDICAL SERVICES OF UKRAINE." Economic Analysis, no. 27(3) (2017): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.03.242.
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Social and economic provision of persons with disabilities should be considered as a process or result of the proper functioning of the institutional regulation mechanism in the context of the implementation of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of persons with disabilities in the market of medical services. These services are regulated and guaranteed by the state. The main criteria of life activities, which determine the establishment of a group of disability, can become the ability to self-service, movement, labour activity, orientation, communication, control over their behaviour and ability to study. The role of the state and public organizations, as institutions, which regulate social and economic provision of persons with disabilities in the market of medical services, is substantiated. The purpose and components of the institutional regulation of social and economic provision of persons with disabilities are determined. It is established that the institutional regulation of social and economic provision of persons with disabilities in the medical services market can be considered in two aspects: legislative action at the state and regional level (it can be mainly disclosed in health policy); determination of the level of financial support and quality of medical services for persons with disabilities. The problem of institutional regulation has been highlighted as the settlement of rights and opportunities regarding the availability of social and economic resources.
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Ong, Lynette. "The Political Economy of Township Government Debt, Township Enterprises and Rural Financial Institutions in China." China Quarterly 186 (June 2006): 377–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741006000208.
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This article sheds light on the ways in which township governments mobilized resources from local financial institutions, and how failure to repay many of these loans gave rise to sizeable local government debt. Mobilization of resources was done through loans to collective enterprises whose de facto owners were township authorities. Though the enterprises were nominal borrowers, loan transactions would not have occurred without guarantees by township governments. Another way of financial resource mobilization was by establishing local informal financial organizations that were subject to less strict regulations, and over which township authorities could exercise control. Further, because the enterprises' profits and taxes ultimately went to township authorities, and the enterprises also contributed towards provision of public goods that were the authorities' obligation, enterprise financing became a roundabout way in which township authorities sought financial assistance for their fiscal needs.
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Rybkina, I. D., and Zh T. Sivokhip. "WATER RESOURCES OF THE RUSSIAN‐KAZAKHSTAN TRANSBOUNDARY REGION AND THEIR USE." South of Russia: ecology, development 14, no. 2 (July 5, 2019): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18470/1992-1098-2019-2-70-86.
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Aim. The study is aimed at examining the regional specifics of using water resources in the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region, taking the current hydroclimatic situation into account.Methods. Statistical data on the availability and use of water resources in the regions of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan served as the initial data for the study. A comparative assessment of water supply was carried out applying traditional procedures widely used in Russia and abroad. The following indicators of water use efficiency were used: volumes of circulating and re‐sequential water supply (million m3), water losses during transportation (million m3) and water intensity of the gross regional product (GRP).Results. It was found that, over the past 20 years, a significant transformation of the water consumption structure has taken place in the studied regions. In the Russian regions, the most serious transformation of the consumption structure occurred in the agricultural sector. A comparative assessment of water supply suggests that most regions within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary territory are characterized by relatively high levels of water availability.Main conclusions. The results indicate a significant impact of socio‐economic transformations in the Russian‐Kazakhstan region on the structure of water consumption, water supply, as well as indicators of water resource efficiency. The current water management problem consists in guaranteed provision of the population and economy with fresh water under the conditions of the spatio‐temporal variability of the river flow. Thus, the integrated management of water resources within the Russian‐Kazakhstan transboundary region should be based on improving the effi‐ ciency of water use in all sectors of the water economy, taking modern hydroclimatic changes into account.
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Li, Ran, Jian Hua Fan, and Xiao Bo Wang. "Technique of Constructing Cloud Computing Platform Based on Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 713–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.713.
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Cloud computing is an effective approach for organizing computing resource and improving computing capability. In this paper, we designed and contstucted a private cloud computing platform based on ubuntu enterprise cloud. The cloud computing platform supports various clients dynamicly connet to cloud server and get cloud computing service via interface platform provided. Various kinds of virtual machine instance of different settings running on physical servers provide users computing and storage capability on demand. A series of high level functions guarantee computing service provision of platform.
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Kovalenko, V., H. Hapich, V. Zaporozhchenko, I. Shynkarenko, I. Chushkina, and D. Dovhanenko. "JUSTIFICATION OF HYDROPOWER POTENTIAL OF THE VOVCHA RIVER FOR CONSTRUCTION OF SMALL HPP IN THE SITE OF GAVRYLIVKA RESERVOIR." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 164 (October 1, 2021): 144–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-144-152.
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The article presents the research results of the hydropower potential of the Vovcha River in the site of Gavrilivka Reservoir for construction of a small hydropower plant. During the research, statistical methods were used to analyze the homogeneity of long-term fluctuations of river flow. Estimation of parameters of analytical distribution curves (average long-term value Q, coefficient of variation СV, ratio of asymmetry coefficient to variation coefficient CS/CV) was performed by the maximum likelihood method. Determination of the estimated annual distribution of the flow in the site is carried out by the real year method. Methods for calculating the hydropower potential are based on the results of hydrological investigation. To achieve stated objective, the following tasks are solved: 1) the water resources of the Vovcha River in the Gavrilivka Reservoir were quantified; 2) the hydropower potential of the Gavrilivka Reservoir is estimated according to model years; 3) the value of technically achievable, guaranteed and ecologically justified hydropower potential is established; 4) technical and economic indicators of project practicability are assessed. The provision of HPP capacity has been determined both for the whole series of observations and for the distinctive model years. In particular, the provision capacity of N = 50 kW will amount on average 57% (208 days per year), and for the guaranteed component of N = 44 kW it will amount 62% (226 days per year). According to the research results, it is established that the optimal capacity of the hydropower plant is 50÷75 kW with a designed capacity utilization of 80÷70%, respectively. The approximate payback period will be 7-9 years with a 10% amortization rate, and accordingly a possible replacement of equipment in 10 years.
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A.A, Awe. "MOBILIZATION OF DOMESTIC FINANCIAL RESOURCES FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA." Australian Journal of Business and Management Research 02, no. 12 (December 24, 2012): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20120212a01.
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The paper examines the mobilization of domestic financial resources for agricultural productivity in Nigeria with a view to identify the contributions of the various sources of finance to agricultural productivity in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the paper employed Vector Auto Regressive Model (VAR) to analyze time series data from (1980 – 2009). The paper identified the various instruments and strategies used by the government for mobilizing resources for the agricultural sector in Nigeria to include subsidy and agricultural credit policies that were financed through Nigerian Agricultural Credit Bank (NACB), credit facilities from Nigerian Bank for Commerce and Industries at the state level, credit through Commercial and Merchant Banks and provision of agricultural credit to the defunct Commodity Board by the Central Bank of Nigeria. The OLS (VAR) result revealed positive relationships between the variables and the variance decomposition measured the proportion of forecast error. The paper therefore recommend that the Federal government recurrent expenditure on agriculture should be reviewed upward for enhanced agricultural productivity and that both the Federal government and the Commercial Banks should mobilize more financial resources toward the agricultural sector to boost agricultural productivity which would guaranteed maximum agricultural productivity in Nigeria.
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Abigaba Mirembe, Cuthbert, Roselyn Nyongarwizi Akol, and Julius Butime. "Dynamic Threshold-based Congestion Control in Wireless Multimedia Networks." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 2, no. 3 (June 30, 2013): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v2i3.1048.
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The last few decades have seen a tremendous growth of wireless networks demands due to the need to meet different multimedia applications available over the network. The demand has resulted into greater competition for the scarce available network resources and has introduced congestion in such networks that adversely affect the quality of service requirements of the applications. Call admission control is a key element if provision of quality of service in wireless networks is to be guaranteed. In this paper, a call admission control policy for wireless communication networks based on the use of dynamic threshold-based channel allocation scheme is proposed. The scheme deals with two traffic classes; voice and data with two different but equal channel thresholds, one for each traffic type assumed. The effect of the control parameters on the quality of service parameters is illustrated and analyzed.
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Zelepukin, Roman Valerevich. "Legal nature, content and social services standard significance." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 11 (2019): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2019-3-11-325-335.
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We raise the topic of the social services current system, the place and importance of nonprofit organizations in it. It is noted that the tendency of social services nonprofit sector transfer to the population with the subsequent reimbursement of expenses from the budget. We analyze various barriers of nonprofit organizations participation in the social services provision in the context of which it is proposed to provide an advance mechanism for reimbursement of nonprofit organizations for the social services provision. The importance of the social services standard is emphasized, its content is revealed and an attempt is made to reveal the legal nature of the standard of social services. We note the content of the standard established by the federal legislation; also we draw attention to the fact that the procedure approval for the social services provision by social service providers is attributed to the powers of public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation. We present the analysis of the social services provision standard in the Tambov Region by forms of social services approved by the order of Social Protection and Family Policy Department of the Tambov Region dated April 1, 2016 no. 463-ф. The points requiring adjustment from the point of view of legal technique are revealed, and also other offers on modification of the specified regulatory legal act are specified. As a result, we conclude that the social services standard, firstly, expresses the amount of social assistance guaranteed by the state, secondly, it is an exhaustive set of requirements for the service itself, allowing to plan activities and resources, and, thirdly, it is a set of requirements for quality control of social services and protection of the rights and legitimate interests of their recipients.
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Guan, Xinjie, Xili Wan, Tianjing Wang, and Yifeng Li. "A Long-Term Cost-Oriented Cloudlet Planning Method in Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks." Electronics 8, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 1213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8111213.
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As an extension of remote cloud data centers, cloudlets process the workloads from mobile users at the network edge, thereby satisfying the requirements of resource-intensive and latency-sensitive applications. One of the fundamental yet important issues for cloudlet infrastructure providers (ISP) is how to plan the placement and capacities of cloudlets so that minimize their long-term cost with a guarantee on service delay. However, existing work mostly focuses on resource provision or resource management for mobile services on existing cloudlets, while very little attention has been paid to the cloudlet placement and capacity planning problem. In contrast to those studies, we aim to optimize the long-term total cost of cloudlets’ ISPs through intelligently planning the location and capacities of cloudlets under constraints on the service delay experienced by mobile users. This problem is then decomposed into two sub-problems and algorithms are devised to solve it. Evaluations on randomly generated traces and real traces exhibit the superior performance of the proposed solution on saving ISP’s long-term cost.
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Zhussupova, Gulzira, and Didar Baidullayeva. "Improving the Formation of the Kazakhstan National Drug Formulary to Increase the Rational Use of Medicines." Journal of Health Development 2, no. 37 (2020): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32921/2225-9929-2020-2-37-43-59.
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Abstract Kazakhstan national drug formulary form is defined as - a list of medicines with proven clinical safety and efficacy, as well as orphan (rare) drugs, which is a mandatory basis for the development of medicinal formularies of medical organizations and formation of lists of procurement of medicines within the guaranteed volume of free medical care and in the system of compulsory social health insurance in the Code “On public health and health care system”. Health research data show that in 18% of cases, non-KNF drugs were prescribed in Nur-Sultan medical organizations, 86% of healthcare organizations did not analyze rational use of financial costs for medicines and analyzes of drug consumption, 90% of medicines are assigned by trade name. At the same time, polypharmacy, excessive prescription of antibiotics and injection drugs are noted. The lack of a systematic understanding of the role of CNF in the rational use of drugs reduces the effectiveness of the measures taken. The value of the Kazakhstan National Drug Formulary for the health care of the Republic of Kazakhstan is enormous, for example, for clinicians it is a public resource for doctors and serves as a reference book on medicines and pharmacotherapy based on evidence-based medicine, as well as a guide to integrate Kazakhstan's usual clinical practice into international best practice, in addition to educational a guide providing continuing education in clinical pharmacology and a restrictive list of drugs recommended for routine use in routine clinical practice. For the population, it plays the role of a guideline in the provision of medicines within the guaranteed volume of medical care and in the system of compulsory social health insurance, as well as guidance on involving civil society in the process of monitoring the rational use of medicines. This policy brief shows three policy options and visions for implementing policy options. At the same time, the existing legislative framework of Kazakhstan has all the necessary conditions to support the implementation of the proposed policy options, however, the main barriers to the implementation of policy options may be a lack of human resources, unethical promotion of medicines on the market, lack of support from the authorized body in the field of health, and there is also a lack of understanding by medical workers and the public of the role of the Kazakhstan national formulary in the rational use of medicines.
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Ivanitskaya, Olga Mykhailоvna. "DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 11 (January 24, 2018): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i11.22.
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The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and ac- countability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democ- racy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its par- ticipation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; ex- tension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially im- portant decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of coun- tries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and so- ciety. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.
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Ivanitskaya, Olga Mykhailоvna. "DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT." UKRAINIAN ASSEMBLY OF DOCTORS OF SCIENCES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 1, no. 12 (February 14, 2018): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/vadnd.v1i12.56.
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The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and accountability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democracy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its participation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; extension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially important decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of countries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and society. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.
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Post, Stephen G. "Baby K: Medical Futility and the Free Exercise of Religion." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 23, no. 1 (1995): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1995.tb01326.x.
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Pediatricians provided expert testimony that, in the case of Baby K, provision of ventilator support goes beyond accepted standards of care for anencephalic infants and so is medically futile. This argument, however reasonable, does not persuade those who believe in the absolute value of even a fraction of human life. In Baby K, court records indicate that Ms. H, Baby K's mother, persistently adheres to the sanctity-of-life principle on religious grounds.While I think that quality-of-life considerations have a role in medical decision making, those who reject such considerations must be respected. This article makes the following claims, on behalf of religious dissenters: (1) the Baby K case should be interpreted in light of the freedom of religion guaranteed in the First Amendment (“Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of a religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof”); (2) religious beliefs should not be trivialized in clinical ethics, even if reason, not belief, is the language of the public forum; (3) the time-honored free exercise clause (“or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ”) is essential to the American experiment in liberty and should not be overridden in the name of a concept as vague as futility; and (4) free exercise of religion deserves serious discussion in the futility debate, and significant religious accommodation must be included in any hospital or societal futility policies. In the concluding section, issues are raised regarding the balance between religious consideration and resource allocation.
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Zapsha, Halyna, Olga Orlova-Kurilova, Svetlana Limarenko, and Anastasia Yatsun. "Resource Support for the Effectiveness of Strategic Management of Innovation Infrastructure in the Formation of Competitive Advantages and Socio-economic Guarantees in the Context of Economic Globalization." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Economic Sciences, no. 6(39) (2021): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2663-1636.2021.6(39).9-16.
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The aim of the article is to study the resource provision of the effectiveness of strategic management of innovation infrastructure in the formation of competitive advantages and socio-economic guarantees in the context of economic globalization. In the conditions of transformation of the national economy, there is a need to form such objects of innovation infrastructure that will stimulate the implementation of the innovation process at any stage of production. Such facilities must support the most promising business idea, innovative projects or ideas, in order to turn them into a product or service. The main purpose of economical use of innovation potential is to create and maintain the existing innovation infrastructure, able to position itself as a communicative channel for the transfer and exchange of knowledge, resources, ideas and technologies between stakeholders of innovative entrepreneurship. Proposals for further development of innovation infrastructure as a determining driver of positive changes in the institutional environment and a source of formation of positive synergy of innovative development of entrepreneurship have been developed. The stages of formation of such infrastructure according to the life cycle of the innovation project are marked, in the course of which due to achievement of complementarity of infrastructural elements impulses for the further stimulation of the economy based on diffusion of innovations are formed. This allows the state, as the initiator of regulation, to determine the directions of renewal of innovation infrastructure taking into account modern conditions. The necessity of reserve accumulation of resource potential of innovative entrepreneurship is noted and the directions of its use according to the stages of realization of the innovative project are determined. These actions are important for increasing innovative development at the macro level and forming a further strategy for innovative development of business stakeholders. The conclusion is made about the need for rational and economic use of resources. This need is due to the rapid involvement of resources in periods of transformation of the national economy, as well as the emergence of crisis trends in the domestic business environment.
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Kadykalo, O. I. "PECULIARITIES OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL PROVISION OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF CERTAIN LAYERS OF THE POPULATION IN UKRAINE." Actual problems of native jurisprudence 3, no. 3 (June 2021): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/392160.
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Peculiarities of normative-legal provision of social protection of citizens of retirement age and children were considered. Legislative provision of public relations in the field of pensions and social security of children is characterized by significant diversification. The normative provision of the system of compulsory accumulative pension provision, which is being implemented, was analyzed. It was emphasized that the legislative consolidation of this system is currently being considered by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. It was emphasized that the functioning of the system of compulsory accumulative pension provision will enable citizens of Ukraine to receive additional pension benefits after reaching the retirement age through contributions to the accumulative pension system. The savings of each person are subject to accounting on the individual accumulative pension account of such person and can be inherited. This approach will gradually lead to an increase in the level of social protection of people of retirement age, attracting a strong domestic long-term investment resource, which will increase investment in the national economy. It was emphasized that a significant problem complicates the improvement of legal support for social protection of children, in particular, that the legislation does not clearly define the purpose of social protection of children, which would allow organizations and institutions on the ground, as well as executive authorities to expand to solve problems of the general social level without allocating separate, so to speak, “children's aspect”. Another problem is that some guarantees of social protection provided by law are purely declarative, as there is no practice of their application. The position was supported that the legal regulation of social protection of certain segments of the population in Ukraine is characterized by dualism - there is a coexistence of Soviet (social security, benefits, social and compensation benefits) and the latest European approach (social services, social work, housing subsidies).
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Marwat, Safdar Nawaz Khan, Yasir Mehmood, Farman Ullah, Ahmad Khan, Shahid Khan, Salman Ahmed, Daehan Kwak, and Afia Nazir. "Mobile Wi-Fi Based Scheduling of Cyber-Physical Systems in Healthcare." Electronics 9, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9020247.
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Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) have been widely regarded as solution providers for future Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)-based ehealthcare amenities. The IEEE 802.11 standard specifies media access protocols in wireless networks, along with channel access methods. WBANs are expected to improve the existing healthcare services significantly, but several research challenges also have to be tackled for apt utilization of the technology. Guarantee of Quality-of-Service (QoS) differentiation between various health parameters, such as temperature and blood pressure, during mobility is a major challenge for the provision of ehealthcare services. The scheme proposed in this paper for the Mobile Wi-Fi based connectivity of WBANs is designed to provide QoS-based priorities for ehealthcare subscribers by altering the Contention Window (CW) for different applications of patient health monitoring. The relationship between CW and QoS is utilized to achieve efficient resource assignment. Three different health parameters, i.e., ECG (Electrocardiogram), BP (blood pressure) and temperature. are monitored using medical CPS in this work. The performance evaluation results, such as end-to-end packet delay and throughput for various data traffic classes reveal that the proposed scheme improves QoS provision.
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Zherebylo, I. "FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE HEALTH CARE SECTOR IN UKRAINE." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 2 (2020): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2020.2-4.
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With Ukraine taking a course to implement systemic sectoral reforms to improve the quality of services provided to the population, decentralize resources and powers, and form an effective system of public governance, health care reform, among others, plays an important role. Their effective implementation requires scientific discussion and analysis of causal relationships. The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze the financial and economic problems of the health care system in Ukraine. The article identifies and analyzes the negative aspects of the functioning and development of the health care sector. Among the key ones are: Ukraine lags behind European countries in terms of life expectancy, mortality and health; low level of financial support for the healthcare sector; high level of attraction of private funds of patients with unsatisfactory quality of received services; excessive centralization of health care management, which has led to a lack of a transparent state-guaranteed package of health services and an increase in corruption in the procurement, education, certification and employment of health workers. Emphasis is placed on the shortcomings of the mechanism of financing disease prevention, primary health care, provision of outpatient and inpatient medical services. Among them are: duplication of services and inefficient use of financial resources at the subnational level; low efficiency of use of medical subvention funds; constant change in the mechanism of providing transfers in the field of health care, etc. Possible areas for improving health care funding are outlined. Emphasis is placed on the expediency of reforming the health care sector in terms of income mobilization in the context of coverage of the population with basic medical guarantees and the effectiveness of the organization of the process of such funding.
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Doronina, Yuliya, and Aleksandr Skatkov. "Cascade-hierarchical modeling in analyzing the dynamics of complex system resource characteristics." Information and Control Systems, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31799/1684-8853-2020-3-48-58.
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Introduction: Describing the dynamically changing resource characteristics of a complex system makes it necessary to decompose the optimization problems and itemize the system representation levels. This leads to multi-model approaches. In problems which require the construction of multi-model complexes with sophisticated links between the models, the sole use of hierarchical topology of model complexes does not guarantee that the modeling dynamics factors are connected and the data volume is taken into account at each hierarchical level. It also does not reflect the parametric variability of experiments at each level. Purpose: Developing a technique for constructing multi-model complexes within cascade-hierarchical structures, and forming the evaluation functionality taking into account the principle of its permanence for modeling the resource characteristics of complex systems when studying the dynamics of degradation failures and replacement of resources. Methods: System analysis and structural synthesis of models; embedded Markov models with quasi-absorbing state at the local level of a multi-model complex. Results: The principle of permanent evaluation functionality is formulated. It allows you to implement an approach to the problems of decision support for resource provision in complex technical systems by determining the service strategy. In general, a cascade-hierarchical modeling scheme is formed in a three-dimensional functional space: system structure — model type (level) — modeling plan cascades. The proposed modeling methodology within the cascade-hierarchical topology of a multi-model complex on the base of the permanent evaluation functionality principle allows you to keep the constancy of the representability of system characteristics under the phase enlargement of the modeling space, and thereby rationalize the planning of your experiments. Practical relevance: The results of the research were used in the development and analysis of the dynamics of resource security of complex technical systems. The proposed approach makes it possible to formulate research plans for complex systems in a parametric model space and, based on the principle of the permanent evaluation functionality, keep the constancy of the representability of system characteristics under the phase enlargement of the modeling space.
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Johnston, Angus, Gustav Resch, Karsten Neuhoff, DoÈrte Fouquet, and Mario Ragwitz. "The Proposed New EU Renewables Directive: Interpretation, Problems and Prospects." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 17, Issue 3 (June 1, 2008): 126–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2008012.
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Under the proposed renewables Directive, Member States would commit to delivering additional renewable energy so that collectively they would generate 20% of energy from renewable sources by 2020. The requirements for each Member State are linked to their GDP. The Proposal offers two options for inter–Member State cooperation, based upon the assumption that it may be advantageous to develop additional renewables in countries with good resource basis to meet the target in countries with higher GDP. Either Member States can transfer guarantees of origin for renewables between governments or they can implement a system for private international trade of guarantees of origin. The paper discusses the economic and legal implications for national support schemes and suggests possible extensions and amendments to enhance legal certainty for investors. The Proposal also makes provision for national action plans to support Member States in the implementation of national frameworks. We discuss the interaction of GO trade with national support mechanisms for renewables and with international trading and transfers, and the importance of credible responses in the case of non–compliance.
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Guo, Jin, Shengbing Zhang, Bo Zheng, Hengyang Zhang, and Weilun Liu. "Study on Multi-Priority and Multi-Path QoS Routing Protocol for Airborne Heterogeneous Networks." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 37, no. 4 (August 2019): 851–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20193740851.
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In order to guarantee the QoS requirements of multiple services in airborne all-domain heterogeneous and flexible networks, we propose a novel multi-priority and multi-path based QoS routing (MP2R) protocol in this paper. In the protocol, in terms of the route effectiveness and reliability, the route cost penalty function is constructed based on the multi-priority M/M/1 queueingqueuing system with the preemptive-resume policy. The minimum value of the function is derived through the optimization theory, and the optimum routing solution is acquired. The simulation results show that the MP2R protocol not only has the capabilities of differentiation services for different kinds of traffic and QoS provision, but also can utilize the network resource rationally, avoid congestion, achieve the load balancing, and meet the requirements of airborne all-domain heterogeneous and flexible networks effectively.
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Blikhar, V., М. Kopytko, O. Patsula, V. Synenkyi, and V. Bulachek. "MANAGEMENT AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE PROCESS OF INNOVATION." Financial and credit activity problems of theory and practice 6, no. 41 (January 10, 2022): 360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v6i41.251445.
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Abstract. Today, the activity of innovatively active enterprises is a rarity in our country, and it never need support and stable operating conditions. However, a number of negative, both external and internal factors and threats significantly destabilize the state of functioning of innovatively active enterprises in Ukraine. In pandemic, their influence has only increased and requires decisive management decisions that would guarantee the safety of business for these enterprises. For the effective implementation of security policy management of the activities of innovatively active enterprises, an effective mechanism is needed, which should include proper resource provision. It is impossible to carry out effective business security and implement planned management decisions without the proper amount of resources. The importance of resource support for business security management of innovatively active enterprises is proved, taking into account legal aspects. It has been established that the efficiency of the financial and economic activity of an innovatively active enterprise depends, first of all, on a certain set of resources at the disposal of the given enterprise. Resources are always limited, so each innovatively active enterprise must determine which goals will ensure the most productive use of these resources. The main factor in the development of enterprises on the verge of the fifth and sixth technological modes is the ability to ensure the flexibility of the production and management process and the relationship between the quality of technology development and active innovation. The purpose is to form the choice of the type of business security management in the innovation sphere under the influence of COVID-19, taking into account legal aspects. The research methodology includes methods of graphic display, abstraction, analysis and synthesis. The main research method was expert research. As a result, a characteristic-meaningful matrix was formed with each type of business security management. Keywords: innovation, security, economic security, enterprises, management. JEL Classification O31, O32 Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 15.
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Ilsan, Mais, Agus Dwi Nugroho, Efrinda Efrinda, Winaryo Winaryo, Reineta Puspitasari, Rini Handoyo, and Suparmono Suparmono. "Agribisnis Tanaman Hortikultura di Kabupaten Cilacap Provinsi Jawa Tengah." Agro Ekonomi 27, no. 2 (December 26, 2016): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jae.22663.
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The contribution of agriculture in the Cilacap’s GDP has continued decline but agricultural labor is still quite large. It has implications for the future, especially for the welfare of agricultural labor will be decrease. The purpose of this study was to determine the competitive commodities for horticulture in Cilacap and feasibility of investment and development strategy of the competitive commodities. This research was conducted in June-August 2016. The data used is primary data through observations and interviews and secondary data obtained from the relevant agencies. Analysis of data using Location Quotient (LQ), Rasmussen's Dual Criterion (RDC), investment feasibility, land suitability and SWOT. Commodity that have a lucrative opportunity in Cilacap for horticultural crops include chilli, mangosteen and banana. In order to develop agribusiness in Cilacap, improving the quality of human resources in agriculture as well as group activities; increase promotional efforts for competitive commodities will require the provision of information competitive commodities for investors; extending the land, control over land use, guaranteed prices for competitive commodities, climate change mitigation, infrastructure development and ease access to credit for farmers; and more study for each commodity
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Whaiduzzaman, Md, Mohammad Nazmul Haque, Md Rejaul Karim Chowdhury, and Abdullah Gani. "A Study on Strategic Provisioning of Cloud Computing Services." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/894362.
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Cloud computing is currently emerging as an ever-changing, growing paradigm that models “everything-as-a-service.” Virtualised physical resources, infrastructure, and applications are supplied by service provisioning in the cloud. The evolution in the adoption of cloud computing is driven by clear and distinct promising features for both cloud users and cloud providers. However, the increasing number of cloud providers and the variety of service offerings have made it difficult for the customers to choose the best services. By employing successful service provisioning, the essential services required by customers, such as agility and availability, pricing, security and trust, and user metrics can be guaranteed by service provisioning. Hence, continuous service provisioning that satisfies the user requirements is a mandatory feature for the cloud user and vitally important in cloud computing service offerings. Therefore, we aim to review the state-of-the-art service provisioning objectives, essential services, topologies, user requirements, necessary metrics, and pricing mechanisms. We synthesize and summarize different provision techniques, approaches, and models through a comprehensive literature review. A thematic taxonomy of cloud service provisioning is presented after the systematic review. Finally, future research directions and open research issues are identified.
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Gebre, Engida H., and Esteban Morales. "How “accessible” is open data?" Information and Learning Sciences 121, no. 1/2 (January 29, 2020): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ils-08-2019-0086.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine the nature and sufficiency of descriptive information included in open datasets and the nature of comments and questions users write in relation to specific datasets. Open datasets are provided to facilitate civic engagement and government transparency. However, making the data available does not guarantee usage. This paper examined the nature of context-related information provided together with the datasets and identified the challenges users encounter while using the resources. Design/methodology/approach The authors extracted descriptive text provided together with (often at the top of) datasets (N = 216) and the nature of questions and comments users post in relation to the dataset. They then segmented text descriptions and user comments into “idea units” and applied open-coding with constant comparison method. This allowed them to come up with thematic issues that descriptions focus on and the challenges users encounter. Findings Results of the analysis revealed that context-related descriptions are limited and normative. Users are expected to figure out how to use the data. Analysis of user comments/questions revealed four areas of challenge they encounter: organization and accessibility of the data, clarity and completeness, usefulness and accuracy and language (spelling and grammar). Data providers can do more to address these issues. Research limitations/implications The purpose of the study is to understand the nature of open data provision and suggest ways of making open data more accessible to “non expert users”. As such, it is not focused on generalizing about open data provision in various countries as such provision may be different based on jurisdiction. Practical implications The study provides insight about ways of organizing open dataset that the resource can be accessible by the general public. It also provides suggestions about how open data providers could consider users' perspectives including providing continuous support. Originality/value Research on open data often focuses on technological, policy and political perspectives. Arguably, this is the first study on analysis of context-related information in open-datasets. Datasets do not “speak for themselves” because they require context for analysis and interpretation. Understanding the nature of context-related information in open dataset is original idea.
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Rubinstein, Adolfo, Andrés Pichon-Riviere, and Federico Augustovski. "Development and implementation of health technology assessment in Argentina: Two steps forward and one step back." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 25, S1 (July 2009): 260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462309090734.
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Objectives: The objectives of this study are to review the financing and organization of the Argentine healthcare system, the licensing and drug price setting mechanisms, the benefit packages and coverage policies of pharmaceuticals and other medical technologies, as well as the development of HTA in Argentina, and the role of the Institute of Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS) as an HTA agency. Finally, the perspectives and future of HTA as a tool to make resource-allocation decisions and priority setting in Argentina is discussed.Methods: The study is a discussion/review based largely on the experiences of the authors, but supported by available literature.Results: Argentina is an upper-middle income country with major healthcare problems related to both equity and efficiency. Its healthcare system consists of a multitier system divided in three large sectors: public, social security, and private, where the federal Ministry of Health has a rather limited role in national health policy stewardship. Many of Argentina's shortcomings are due in part to its pluralistic and fragmented healthcare system. In the past decade, Argentina, like many other Latin American countries, has undergone a profound reform of its healthcare system. Whereas some of the objectives of the reforms were specific to each country, a common issue among all of them was to establish a mechanism that ensured a more efficient allocation of scarce resources, and guaranteed a wider provision of healthcare services on the basis of the local population needs and equity. Although some signals from the national government and congress show that there are plans to formally incorporate HTA to inform reimbursement policies, these signals are still very weak. Paradoxically, even though Argentina was the first country in the region to require formal health economic evidence for the adoption of technologies into the mandatory benefit package of the social security, this “fourth hurdle” is no longer required. Nevertheless, there is an increasing interest and demand for a more explicit and transparent resource-allocation process that include HTA as a formal tool to inform decision making, in most of Argentine healthcare stakeholders.Conclusions: In conclusion, what is needed in Argentina is a clear political will to push forward for a national agency of HTA that, similar to other developed countries, advance the regulation on the adoption of new health technologies to improve not only technical or allocative efficiency, but also health equity. Until this milestone is accomplished, the HTA production and use to inform healthcare coverage policies will continue to mirror the current fragmented healthcare system.
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Ress, Imre. "Archival Legacy of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and the National States." Central-European Studies 2020, no. 3 (12) (2021): 98–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2619-0877.2020.3.5.
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The article examines the consequences of the processes of disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy and of making of national states for the archival heritage of the multiethnic empire of the Habsburgs. It is based on the provisions of the Saint-Germain and Trianon peace treaties concluded in 1919 and 1920 at Versailles concerning the intellectual and cultural heritage, as well as archival and published sources from Vienna and Budapest relating to the order of execution of these provisions. The victorious successor states that strove to divide the organically created archival heritage of the Monarchy and the funds of the Hungarian National Archives according to the territorial approach and ethnic principal, in order to satisfy the needs of national historiographies which needed additional resources for legitimisation of their independent statehoods. Both treaties provided for the application of the principle of provenance for the provision of archival services (or the transfer of documents), which were considered national intellectual property, but they did not provide a substantive explanation of these terms. Thus, this general regulation did not provide a solid legal basis for bilateral negotiations, so they were largely dependent on the balance of political power and economic considerations. From a historical perspective, the archival convention between Austria and Hungary turned out to be the most effective from a professional point of view, since in it the concept of national intellectual property, vaguely formulated in peace treaties, was not exclusively tied to the territory of a national state. In Austro-Hungarian relations, mutual recognition and use of the principle of common intellectual property allowed for cultural and academic interest in archival material outside its own territory, and at the same time guaranteed unrestricted access to information and the ability to influence the professional processing of archival material. The principles of the Baden Convention of 1926, progressive for their time, and the very adherence to its spirit, triumphed in international archival theory and practice in the 1960s as one of the possible models for resolving interstate archival disputes.
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Pavón, David, Ariadna Gabarda-Mallorquí, and Anna Ribas. "What Governance? The Role of Public and Private Stakeholders in Water Supply Management in Mediterranean Coastal Tourist Destinations: The Case of the Costa Brava." Water 10, no. 12 (November 30, 2018): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10121758.
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A large number of services have been privatized in recent decades, leaving less responsibility for public administration management. This trend has resulted in an intense debate on which services should be guaranteed and the equity and efficiency criteria that should be applied in their provision. The move to privatize the potable water supply in one of the main international tourist destinations—the Costa Brava (Spain)—can be included within this context. Our aim is to identify and characterize the main water governance systems on the Costa Brava in order to explore the different forms of water supply governance. To this end, an analysis has been carried out to explain the different interrelations between the expansion of tourism and the management of water supply infrastructures. The insufficient technical and financial resources of local and regional governments encourage the entry of private initiatives. In this process, we must also take into account the consolidation of a larger customer market linked to tourism development. Our main conclusion is that water governance models in coastal tourist destinations such as these are determined not only by territorial needs and the lack of technical capacity, but also by the emergence of business opportunities in the private sector.
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Stewart, Jacqueline, Thomas McCabe, Robert Stewart, and Sean Kennedy. "An Overview of Memory Provisioning in Real-Time Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 5, no. 4 (October 2013): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2013100105.
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Wireless Sensor Networks and the smart applications designed to operate upon them have enjoyed a rapid increase in popularity over the last decade. The main challenge currently is the provision of real-time service delivery for wireless sensor networks to cater for new applications with guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. However each application has a different service requirement. In order to deliver real-time services the dimensioning of such networks is important to service providers in order to meet these service requirements. If packets cannot be stored due to insufficient memory they are lost. Lost packets result in the resending of the packets and hence an increase in delay in delivery of the application traffic. It is this memory provisioning of these wireless sensor networks that is the focus of the work presented in this paper. More specifically the relationship between the application design, implementation and memory resources required to run the service are explored using a stack analysis tool. This stack analysis tool enables the stack footprint to be measured. Results of memory usage for two different WSN applications are presented. Recommendations based on this study for efficient memory provisioning and ultimately real-time service delivery are given.
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Zahn, Rebecca, and Nicole Busby. "The EU and the ECHR: Collective and Non-discrimination Labour Rights at a Crossroad?" International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations 30, Issue 2 (June 1, 2014): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ijcl2014010.
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This article considers the future development of the constitutionalization of labour rights, in particular non-discrimination rights and collective labour rights, within the European Union's legal order following the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and in light of the EU's impending accession to the Council of Europe. The accession throws a spotlight on the relationship between the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU). The two courts' respective interpretations of certain labour rights contain elements of overlap and, in some respects, conflict which will presumably have to be reconciled under the new legal order within which the courts will find themselves. It is argued that the constitutionalization of labour rights would offer some important protections that should be fundamentally guaranteed and thus available to all workers but which are under threat due to transnational changes resulting from globalization. Furthermore, as the case law analysis demonstrates, the traditional hierarchy of rights by which civil and political rights were prioritized over their economic and social counterparts, has given way to an EU legal order whereby the economic imperative remains paramount, with social provisions, in the context of labour rights, subjugated and subject to further divisions.
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KUDRJASHOV, Vasyl. "Financial support of critical infrastructure." Fìnansi Ukraïni 2021, no. 5 (June 24, 2021): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/finukr2021.05.111.
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An analysis of the experience of financial support for the formation and development of critical infrastructure in foreign countries has been carried out. It is noted that the critical infrastructure provides the necessary services in various fields to maintain their smooth state. It is determined that its financing is carried out by attracting resources from various sources, which include public, private and mixed (public-private) projects, as well as funds of financial intermediaries. Mechanisms for financing critical infrastructure used in foreign countries are revealed. Considerable attention is paid to the issues of regulation operations of financial support for the functional capacity of critical infrastructure. Issues of financial risks of critical services and the factors that affect them are covered. It is noted that to limit them, portfolio approaches have been introduced to place the mobilized resource in infrastructure projects, as well as measures of state and non-state support are applied (guarantees, insurance programs, granting preferences, etc.). Particular attention is paid to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the application of financial support for critical infrastructure upgrades and provision of critical services. It is noted that such changes require a significant increase in costs for increasing investment activities in infrastructure, support for private investment, improving the attraction of funds of specialized financial companies to invest in infrastructure projects. The mechanisms implemented in order to solve such problems are identified. Recommendations are given to take into account the experience of foreign countries in the application of measures to finance critical infrastructure in Ukraine. Keywords: critical infrastructure, critical services, infrastructure financing, infrastructure financing risks, public-private partnership, debt instruments, guarantees and benefits for infrastructure financing.
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Moturi, Moses Onsinyo, Henry Onderi, and Benard Mwebi. "Quality of Programmes and Training in Youth Polytechnics: An Assessment of the Challenges Facing Youth Polytechnics in Provision of Quality Education and Training in Kenya." World Journal of Social Science Research 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v2n2p300.
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<em>Tertiary education especially in Youth Polytechnics has been identified as the means to provide relevant and adequate technical skills for industrial and economic development consistent with aspirations of Kenya Vision 2030. Youth Polytechnics being accountable to the public as stakeholders need to guarantee that they offer quality training. However, with the diminishing number of students seeking education through Youth Polytechnics, the question of quality is critical and requires urgent attention. The objectives that guided the study were to find out the attitude of stakeholders on quality of programmes offered; Investigate challenges facing Youth Polytechnics in provision of quality education. The study adopted a descriptive research survey design and informed by the Classical Liberal Theory of Equal opportunity and Social Darwinism. The units of analysis were the 31 Youth Polytechnics, 4 were used in the pilot study. Methodology; data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. The findings were that there is shortage of instructors in the Youth Polytechnics and No standardization in academic programmes undertaken across the country. It was concluded that the enrolment was diminishing and quality of training, physical facilities and human resource was wanting.</em>
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LOBODINA, Zoriana. "Debt instruments as a source of financing the state’s expenditures." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 11/3 (November 21, 2019): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.11(3).2.
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The social and economic transformations taking place in Ukraine are accompanied by the expansion of functions of the state authorities and local self-government. This predetermines the search for sources of formation of budgetary resources on the background of permanent growth of the volume and directions of their spending and practical application of debt instruments. The purpose of the study lies in evaluating of the practice of carrying out public borrowings and in developing proposals concerning its improvement in the context of minimizing threats to government debt security. The economic essence, assignment of debt instruments have been considered, the dynamics of realization and structure of internal and external borrowings has been analyzed. The problems of applying the loan method of budget resources formation in Ukraine have been revealed. A set of measures for improvement of the use of government borrowings as a tool of the budgetary mechanism in the context of minimizing threats to the state's debt security has been developed. The results of evaluating the practice of using debt instruments give reason to argue that the irrational approach to their use, the manifestations of which are the unbalanced structure of debt payments over time, high cost of attracting resources and focus on solution of the short-term goals of budget policy, led to increased debt financial burden, the level of threats to the debt security of Ukraine and is the reason for the reduction of potential growth rates of the national economy and increasing of its vulnerability to external shocks.. In order to minimize fiscal risks the feasibility of applying measures for improvement of the use of debt instruments has been substantiated by: adherence to the limit of the state budget deficit defined by the Budget Code of Ukraine, of state and local budgets, providing of state and local guaratees, diversification of the structure of the debt portfolio of borrowings taking into account currencies, maturities and interest rates; limiting the provision of state guarantees and the implementation of state financial support to economic entities at the expense of government borrowing in the conditions of excess of the share of public debt and the state guaranteed debt in the GDP of Ukraine of the 60% limit; the use of borrowed budgetary resources to finance investment projects.
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MALINOVSKA, Оlha, and Uliana MOTORNIUK. "Features of functioning of territorial communities and formation of their material and financial support." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 12/3 (December 28, 2019): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2019.12(3).3.
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Introduction. Transformation processes in Ukraine dictate the need to formulate such a concept of state financial policy, which would be the beginning of economic growth. This primarily leads to the creation at the territorial level of strong economic and financial systems that can independently solve local socio-economic problems. It is necessary to determine the role of material and financial support in the life of local self-government, the boundaries of a harmonious combination of economic feasibility of the existence of territorial communities with the main goal of the existence of local self-government in general - to meet the basic vital needs of citizens at the place of residence. The purpose of the paper is to study and analyze the material and financial provision of local communities during decentralization. Results. The analysis of the essence of the concept of "material and financial basis of local self-government" suggests that it is quite multifaceted. In some cases, it focuses on its economic essence, in others it is legal. Although the link and the significance of both spheres are evident. This is also explained by the dual nature of property and finance, namely, economic and legal. Principles of the formation of the material and financial basis of local self-government are the initial principles, ideas and principles, which are the basis of the organization and activity of the territorial communities, the population, representative bodies which they are formed, local executive bodies, caused primarily by the essence of local self-government those involved in the management of local material and financial resources. On the one hand, the material and financial basis is divided into two parts: material and financial. On the other hand, the components of the material and financial basis of local self-government are: first, communal or municipal property (in Ukraine, the communal property is recognized and regulated by law); and secondly, revenues (revenues) of local budgets and other funds; and thirdly, another property that is designed and used to meet the local needs of the population. Conclusion. Considering that the right to education, medical care guaranteed, guaranteed by the constitution, etc. should be ensured, and in order to prevent a biased distribution of financial resources in budget calculations, it is necessary to organize work on the calculation and consolidation at the legislative level of normative indicators of financial support of existing state social standards.
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Tishkina, S. N., V. E. Matskevich, Yu A. Ledovskikh, E. V. Semakova, and V. V. Omelyanovskiy. "Regulatory framework of the oncological medical care provision." FARMAKOEKONOMIKA. Modern Pharmacoeconomic and Pharmacoepidemiology 13, no. 3 (November 18, 2020): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2070-4909/farmakoekonomika.2020.052.
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Aim. To conduct an analytical review of the regulatory legal framework on the resources provision required in medical organizations for the provision of oncological medical care based on clinical guidelines.Materials and methods. Using Russian normative legal and regulative documents on the oncological medical care, the authors studied the normative regulation of the issues of both resources’ provision for medical organizations and resources’ demand assessment, including the need for financial support from various sources of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation. The analysis was carried out in two regulatory areas: financing and organization of the provision of medical care. The authors examined the main legislation acts relating to oncological medical care, including documents of the compulsory medical insurance, the annual decrees of the Government of the Russian Federation on the program of state guarantees of free provision of medical care to citizens for the coming year and the planned period, the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation regulating the provision of medicines and medical products, provisions on the organization of medical care by type of medical care, procedures for the provision of oncological medical care, regulatory documents on clinical guidelines and standards of medical care.Results. The content analysis of the studied materials showed that certain components of the resources’ provision, including the financial provision of oncological medical care, are regulated by various regulatory documents, and there is no methodology for assessing the resources’ demand based on clinical guidelines.Conclusion. New approaches to assessing the resources’ demand for the provision of medical care and the required financial support based on clinical guidelines need to be developed.