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Amin, Yasmin M., and Amr T. Abdel-Hamid. "A Simulation Model of IEEE 802.15.4 GTS Mechanism and GTS Attacks in OMNeT++ / MiXiM + NETA." Computer and Information Science 11, no. 1 (January 27, 2018): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v11n1p78.
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The IEEE 802.15.4 standard defines the PHY and MAC layer specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs). With the proliferation of many time-critical applications with real-time delivery, low latency, and/or specific bandwidth requirements, Guaranteed Time Slots (GTS) are increasingly being used for reliable contention-free data transmission by nodes within beacon-enabled WPANs. To evaluate the performance of the 802.15.4 GTS management scheme, this paper introduces a new GTS simulation model for OMNeT++ / MiXiM. Our GTS model considers star-topology WPANs within the 2.4 GHz frequency band, and is in full conformance with the IEEE 802.15.4 – 2006 standard. To enable thorough investigation of the behaviors and impacts of different attacks against the 802.15.4 GTS mechanism, a new GTS attacks simulation model for OMNeT++ is also introduced in this paper. Our GTS attacks model is developed for OMNeT++ / NETA, and is integrated with our GTS model to provide a single inclusive OMNeT++ simulation model for both the GTS mechanism and all known-to-date attacks against it.
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Pirumyan, Narine, and Mihran Stakyan. "Mathematical modeling of gas flow distribution process in the gas transportation system of Armenia." E3S Web of Conferences 281 (2021): 01006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128101006.
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The issues of enhancement the methods of calculation and design of the gas transportation system (GTS) in the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Artsakh are considered, taking into account the analysis of loading modes and the peculiarities of the system individual nodes’ operation. To calculate the pressure distribution at the nodal points and gas flows, the matrix method for determining the material balance equations for the linear-independent and nonlinear-independent contours of the gas pipeline circuit is used as a process mathematical model. On the energy conservation law basis, the balance capacities equation of gas supply sources and its consumption, distributed among the gas transmission network elements, is proposed. A mathematical model of the gas distribution process is obtained. Calculation methods that allow increasing the economic efficiency of GTS operation under optimal terms of GTS development are proposed.
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Zhou, Ling, Yunjie Li, Yan Zhao, Chuanqi Ou, and Yue Zhao. "An accurate and efficient scheme involving unsteady friction for transient pipe flow." Journal of Hydroinformatics 23, no. 4 (June 7, 2021): 879–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2021.160.
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Abstract A robust prediction system should monitor all possible hydraulic transients, which is significant for the appropriate and safe operation of pipe systems. A second-order finite volume method (FVM) Godunov-type scheme (GTS) considering unsteady friction factors is introduced to simulate hydraulic transients, which was rarely involved in previous work. One explicit-solution source item approach developed in this work is crucial for the proposed GTS to easily incorporate various forms of the existing unsteady friction models, including original convolution-based models (Zielke model and Vardy–Brown model), simplified convolution-based model (Trikha–Vardy–Brown (TVB) model), and Brunone instantaneous acceleration-based model. Results achieved by the proposed models are compared with experimental data as well as predictions by the classic Method of Characteristics (MOC). Results show that the MOC scheme may produce severe numerical attenuation in the case of a low Courant number. The proposed second-order GTS unsteady friction models are accurate, efficient, and stable even for Courant numbers less than one and sparse grid, and only need much less grid number and computation time to reach the same numerical accuracy. The TVB convolution-based model and Brunone model in the second-order GTS are suggested for further applications in hydraulic transients due to their high accuracy and efficiency.
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Shiu, Chein-Jung, Yi-Chi Wang, Huang-Hsiung Hsu, Wei-Ting Chen, Hua-Lu Pan, Ruiyu Sun, Yi-Hsuan Chen, and Cheng-An Chen. "GTS v1.0: a macrophysics scheme for climate models based on a probability density function." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 177–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-177-2021.
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Abstract. Cloud macrophysics schemes are unique parameterizations for general circulation models. We propose an approach based on a probability density function (PDF) that utilizes cloud condensates and saturation ratios to replace the assumption of critical relative humidity (RH). We test this approach, called the Global Forecast System (GFS) – Taiwan Earth System Model (TaiESM) – Sundqvist (GTS) scheme, using the macrophysics scheme within the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.3 (CAM5.3) framework. Via single-column model results, the new approach simulates the cloud fraction (CF)–RH distributions closer to those of the observations when compared to those of the default CAM5.3 scheme. We also validate the impact of the GTS scheme on global climate simulations with satellite observations. The simulated CF is comparable to CloudSat/Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) data. Comparisons of the vertical distributions of CF and cloud water content (CWC), as functions of large-scale dynamic and thermodynamic parameters, with the CloudSat/CALIPSO data suggest that the GTS scheme can closely simulate observations. This is particularly noticeable for thermodynamic parameters, such as RH, upper-tropospheric temperature, and total precipitable water, implying that our scheme can simulate variation in CF associated with RH more reliably than the default scheme. Changes in CF and CWC would affect climatic fields and large-scale circulation via cloud–radiation interaction. Both climatological means and annual cycles of many of the GTS-simulated variables are improved compared with the default scheme, particularly with respect to water vapor and RH fields. Different PDF shapes in the GTS scheme also significantly affect global simulations.
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Zhong, Shao Bo, and Zhong Shi He. "The Scheduling Algorithm of Grid Task Based on PSO and Cloud Model." Key Engineering Materials 439-440 (June 2010): 1487–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.439-440.1487.
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Grid task scheduling (GTS) is a NP-hard problem. This paper proposes an optimized GTS algorithm which combines with the advantages of cloud model based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm. This algorithm iterates tasks utilizing the advantages of particle swarm optimization algorithm and then gets a set of candidate solutions quickly. In addition, this algorithm modifies the value of entropy and excess entropy using the characteristics of cloud model and implements the transformation between qualitative variables and quantity of uncertain events. And this algorithm makes particles fly to the global optimal solutions by exact searching in local areas. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that this algorithm makes load balance of resource efficiently. It also avoids the problems of genetic algorithm and basic particle swarm optimization algorithm, which would easily fall into local optimal solutions and premature convergence caused by too much selected pressure. This algorithm has the advantages of high precision and faster convergence and can be applied in task scheduling on computing grid.
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Tong, Barry, Hala Borno, Eric Jay Small, Fern Alagala, Amie Blanco, and Mallika Sachdev Dhawan. "Streamlining the genetics pipeline to increase testing for patients at risk for hereditary prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.1590.
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1590 Background: Metastatic prostate Cancer (mPCa) is increasingly recognized as a heritable disease and germline genetic testing has increasingly become a part of standard of care. At the University of California at San Francisco (UCSF) Genitourinary (GU) Medical Oncology clinic, approximately 850 new patients with mPCa are seen annually. A feasibility pilot Genetic Testing Station (GTS) was developed to expand access to genetic testing among this high-risk population. GTS is facilitated by Genetic Counselor Assistants (GCA) under the supervision of genetic counselors. Methods: This is a feasibility pilot of a GTS model among patients with mPCa. In this model, all patients with mPCa are offered a same day GTS visit with a GCA. At the GTS, the patient receives pre-test education via videos developed by genetic counselors. The patient provides informed consent, a family history, and a saliva sample for Invitae’s 87-gene panel. All positive results trigger a genetic counselor visit while non-positive results either receive a letter or a genetic counselor visit (in person or via telehealth). To evaluate the model, testing frequency and laboratory turnaround time (TAT) was assessed before and after the pilot. Results: In the first four months of the GTS pilot (10/14/2019 – 02/10/2020), 94 patients were referred and received genetic testing. Eight germline positives were identified (BRCA2, CHEK2, HOXB13 MSH6, RECQL4). The average TAT was 8 days. 9.3% of patients were found to have pathogenic mutations through the prostate GTS which is comparable to previously published rates of germline mutations in metastatic prostate cancer patients. In a 4-month time frame the prior to the intervention (10/01/2018-1/31/2019), 26 genetic testing orders were placed. The average laboratory TAT in this prior process was 17 days. Rates of positive germline mutations in the prior model was 8.6%. Conclusions: The GTS is a feasible method to increase access to germline genetic testing among a high-risk population. It may reduce barriers to testing and facilitate real-time discussion of treatment and prevention strategies with patients and family members. As a result, we will continue to operate the GTS. This model provides a framework for scaling access for and cascade testing in other high-risk patient groups.
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Smith, Tegan, John Laurie, Lisa Hall, Robert Nicoll, Andrew Kelman, and James Ogg. "The times they are a-changin': Australian biozones, petroleum basins, and the international geologic time scale (GTS) 2012." APPEA Journal 54, no. 2 (2014): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj13046.
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The international Geologic Time Scale (GTS) continually evolves due to refinements in age dating and the addition of more defined stages. The GTS 2012 has replaced GTS 2004 as the global standard timescale, resulting in changes to the age and duration of most chronological stages. These revisions have implications for interpreted ages and durations of sedimentary rocks in Australian basins, with ramifications for petroleum systems modelling. Accurate stratigraphic ages are required to reliably model the burial history of a basin, hence kerogen maturation and hydrocarbon expulsion and migration. When the resolution of the time scale is increased, models that utilise updated ages will better reflect the true basin history. The international GTS is largely built around northern hemisphere datasets. At APPEA 2009, Laurie et al. announced a program to tie Australian biozones to GTS 2004. Now, with the implementation of GTS 2012, these ties are being updated and refined, requiring a comprehensive review of the correlations between Australian and International biozonation schemes. The use of Geoscience Australia’s Timescales Database and a customised ‘Australian Datapack’ for the visualisation software package TimeScale Creator has greatly facilitated the transition from GTS 2004 to GTS 2012, as anticipated in the design of the program in 2009. Geoscience Australia’s basin biozonation and stratigraphy charts (e.g. Northern Carnarvon and Browse basins) are being reproduced to reflect the GTS 2012 and modified stratigraphic ages. Additionally, new charts are being added to the series, including a set of onshore basin charts, such as the Georgina and Canning basins.
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Tong, Barry, Hala Borno, Fern Alagala, Kelly Gordon, Eric Jay Small, Amy M. Lin, Amie Blanco, and Mallika Sachdev Dhawan. "Streamlining the genetics pipeline to increase testing for patients at risk for hereditary prostate cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.66.
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66 Background: At UCSF, ~850 men with metastatic prostate cancer are seen annually, all of whom should receive germline genetic testing. Prior to our study, the GU medical oncology program offered a self-pay, take-home genetic testing kit (30-gene panel) to patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Patients with positive test results were referred for genetic counseling. For this study, the UCSF Cancer Genetics and Prevention program partnered with the GU medical oncology program, adapting a Genetic Testing Station (GTS) to expand access and accommodate testing needs. At Prostate GTS, a genetic counselor assistant (GCA) facilitates cancer genetics education by video, enrolls patient in a research registry, collects a family history and saliva sample sent for an 87-gene panel. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of the GTS by comparing prospective performance metrics and testing outcomes of Prostate GTS with retrospective data obtained from the take-home method (“Before GTS”). Methods: Men were ascertained by their treating oncologist and referred for GTS. Indications for genetic testing include: all metastatic prostate cancer, or under age 50 at diagnosis, or with family history, or at clinician discretion. GTS metrics were prospectively collected by clinical staff. “Before GTS” metrics were retrospectively collected through data reporting from commercial lab analysis (test orders dated 01/2017 to 09/2019) and patient chart review. Results: In the first 6 months of Prostate GTS (10/2019-3/2020), 139 patients received testing at the GTS and 91% (127) had received results at censoring. GTS results were distributed as follows: 10% (13) positives, 33% (42) negative no VUS, and 57% (72) negative w/VUS. In the 33 months, “Before GTS”, 218 genetic testing orders had been placed, with 78% (196) reported at censoring, distributed as 11% (22) positive, 68% (134) negative no VUS, and 20% (40) negative w/VUS. The rate of incomplete tests decreased significantly with the GTS, (22% down to 9%, p = 0.0008). "Before GTS", of patients with a positive result, 15/22 (68%) were referred for genetic counseling, of which 8 completed a visit (36% of all positives). In the GTS model, all patients with positive results were seen by a genetic counselor for results disclosure and counseling. Comparing result rates across similar timeframes, 127 results were reported from GTS compared to 40 results from “Before GTS” in the same calendar months the year prior, representing a 218% increase in returned results. Median turnaround time decreased from 16 days to 9 days with GTS. Conclusions: GTS efficiently increased access to genetic testing and counseling for patients with prostate cancer. By leveraging GCAs and video education, this model involves cancer genetics at each step of the process, decreases turnaround time, and increases rates of returned results that can be used by patients to inform treatment and prevention strategies.
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Veselý, Štěpán, and Mirko Dohnal. "Decision making in goverment tenders: A formalized qualitative model." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 4 (2012): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260040397.
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The paper presents a simple formalized qualitative model of government tenders (GTs). Qualitative models use just three values: Positive/Increasing, Zero/Constant and Negative/Decreasing. Such quantifiers of trends are the least information intensive. Qualitative models can be useful, since GT evaluation often includes such goals as e.g. efficiency of public purchasing, and variables as e.g. availability of relevant information or subjectivity of judgment, that are difficult to quantify. Hence, a significant fraction of available information about GTs is not of numerical nature, e.g.if availability of relevant information is decreasing then efficiency of public purchasing is decreasing as well. Such equationless relations are studied in this paper. A qualitative model of the function F(Goals, Variables) is developed. The model has four goal functions, eight variables, and 39 equationless relations. The model is solved and seven solutions, i.e. scenarios are obtained. All qualitative states, including first and second qualitative derivatives with respect to time, of all variables are specified for each scenario. Any unsteady state behavior of the GT model is described by its transitional oriented graph. There are eight possible transitions among seven scenarios. No a priori knowledge of qualitative modeling is required on the reader’s part.
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Moriarty, J., H. A. Ring, and M. M. Robertson. "An idiot savant calendrical calculator with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: implications for an understanding of the savant syndrome." Psychological Medicine 23, no. 4 (November 1993): 1019–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700026477.
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SynopsisWe describe the existence of the savant syndrome in association with Gilles de la Tourette's Syndrome (GTS). The presentation of savant abilities is typical of that previously described. Similarities between autism, the disorder most characteristically associated with savants, and GTS in terms of obsessionality are noted. Previously reported psychological studies of autistic savants are briefly reviewed and, together with evidence from neuroimaging in GTS, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and autism, used to support a model of the underpinnings of savant skills.
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Lee, Kang-Woo, Youn-Soon Shin, and Jong-Suk Ahn. "An Analytical Model for GTS Service Delay of IEEE 802.15.4 with Two Priority Queues." KIPS Transactions:PartC 15C, no. 5 (October 31, 2008): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/kipstc.2008.15-c.5.419.
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Thomas, Elizabeth, and Thierry Grisar. "Increased Synchrony with Increase of a Low-Threshold Calcium Conductance in a Model Thalamic Network: A Phase-Shift Mechanism." Neural Computation 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2000): 1553–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089976600300015268.
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A computer model of a thalamic network was used in order to examine the effects of an isolated augmentation in a low-threshold calcium current. Such an isolated augmentation has been observed in the reticular thalamic (RE) nucleus of the genetic absence epilepsy rat from the Strasbourg (GAERS) model of absence epilepsy. An augmentation of the low-threshold calcium conductance in the RE neurons (gTs) of the model thalamic network was found to lead to an increase in the synchronized firing of the network. This supports the hypothesis that the isolated increase in gTs may be responsible for epileptic activity in the GAERS rat. The increase of gTs in the RE neurons led to a slight increase in the period of the isolated RE neuron firing. In contrast, the low-threshold spike of the RE neuron remained relatively unchanged by the increase of gTs. This suggests that the enhanced synchrony in the network was primarily due to a phase shift in the firing of the RE neurons with respect to the thalamocortical neurons. The ability of this phase-shift mechanism to lead to changes in synchrony was further examined using the model thalamic network. A similar increase in the period of RE neuron oscillations was obtained through an increase in the conductance of the calcium-mediated potassium channel. This change was once again found to increase synchronous firing in the network.
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Liu, Huahan, Qiang Dong, and Wei Jiang. "A dynamic reliability assessment methodology of gear transmission system of wind turbine." Engineering Computations 37, no. 8 (April 18, 2020): 2685–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ec-06-2019-0272.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a new methodology, used for dynamic reliability analysis of a gear transmission system (GTS) of wind turbine (WT), which could be used for assembly decision-making of the parts with errors to improve the GTS’s performance. Design/methodology/approach This paper involves the dynamic and dynamic reliability analysis of a GTS. The history curves of dynamic responses of the parts are obtained with the developed gear-bearing coupling dynamic model considering the random errors, failure dependency and random load. Then, the surrogate models of the mean and standard deviation of responses are presented by statistics, rain flow counting method and corrected-partial least squares regression response surface method. Further, a novel dynamic reliability model based on the maximum extreme theory, a theory of sequential statistics, equivalent principles and the inverse transform theory of random variable sampling, is developed to overcome the limitations of traditional methods. Findings The dynamic reliability of GTS considering the different impact factors are evaluated. The proposed reliability methodology not only overcomes the limitations associated with traditional approaches but also provides good guidance to assembly the parts in a GTS to its best performance. Originality/value Instead of constant errors, this paper considers the randomness of the impact factors to develop the dynamic reliability model. Further, instead of the limitation of the normal distribution of the random parameters in the traditional method, the proposed methodology can deal with the problems with non-normal distribution parameters, which is more suitable for the real engineering problems.
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Chen, Lin, Jianguo Dai, Zhongli Wang, Huiyu Zhang, Yufang Huang, and Yunan Zhao. "Ginseng Total Saponins Reverse Corticosterone-Induced Changes in Depression-Like Behavior and Hippocampal Plasticity-Related Proteins by Interfering with GSK-3β-CREB Signaling Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/506735.
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This study aimed to explore the antidepressant mechanisms of ginseng total saponins (GTS) in the corticosterone-induced mouse depression model. In Experiment 1, GTS (50, 25, and 12.5 mg kg−1 d−1, intragastrically) were given for 3 weeks. In Experiment 2, the same doses of GTS were administrated after each corticosterone (20 mg kg−1 d−1, subcutaneously) injection for 22 days. In both experiments, mice underwent a forced swimming test and a tail suspension test on day 20 and day 21, respectively, and were sacrificed on day 22. Results of Experiment 1 revealed that GTS (50 and 25 mg kg−1 d−1) exhibited antidepressant activity and not statistically altered hippocampal protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurofilament light chain (NF-L). Results of Experiment 2 showed that GTS (50 and 25 mg kg−1 d−1) ameliorated depression-like behavior without normalizing hypercortisolism. The GTS treatments reversed the corticosterone-induced changes in mRNA levels of BDNF and NF-L, and protein levels of BDNF NF-L, phosphor-cAMP response element-binding protein (Ser133), and phosphor-glycogen synthase kinase-3β(Ser9) in the hippocampus. These findings imply that the effect of GTS on corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior may be mediated partly through interfering with hippocampal GSK-3β-CREB signaling pathway and reversing decrease of some plasticity-related proteins.
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Li, Fa Ben, Cai Wu Lu, and Ying Feng Li. "Stability Analysis Method to Underground Goafs in Opencast Mining Based on FEM." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.246.
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The 3D model of terrain, which includes goafs, is built by use of terrain generator from MIDAS GTS. The method is developed that the model is stress analyzed by FEM (finite-element method). The following cases are considered: rock weight, loose rock and Heavy Equipment on step surface. Finally, used to the field datum from Luo’yang Molybdenum Co., Ltd., modeling and stress analyzing are finished by the software of MIDAS GTS. The result indicates that the method could provide scientific basis for Safety and Management to open-pit with Underground mined-out area.
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Hu, Yiping, Ruoxi Liu, Jinchao Li, Ye Yue, Wenxiang Cheng, and Peng Zhang. "Attenuation of Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rat by Nicotinic Alpha7 Receptor Partial Agonist GTS-21." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/325875.
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This research was performed to observe the effect of GTS-21 on Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA). CIA model was used and after the onset of arthritis, the rats were divided into three groups based on their clinical symptoms score. Two groups were intraperitoneally (IP) injected daily with GTS-21 (1 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg) for a week, whereas phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was used for the control group. Cytokine titers, radiological, and histological examinations were performed at different time points after treatment with GTS-21. Compared with those of the control, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6 in the serum were significantly reduced after GTS-21 management. In addition, radiological results show that bone degradation was inhibited as well. Moreover, the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining indicated that the histological score was significantly alleviated in the therapeutic group. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) stain-positive cells were also detected in the destruction of the articular cartilage, which was significantly reduced compared with the control group. This study provides the first evidence on the effect of GTS-21 as a potential treatment for RA.
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Milelli, M., M. Turco, and E. Oberto. "Screen-level non-GTS data assimilation in a limited-area mesoscale model." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2010): 1129–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-10-1129-2010.
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Abstract. The forecast in areas of very complex topography, as for instance the Alpine region, is still a challenge even for the new generation of numerical weather prediction models which aim at reaching the km-scale. The problem is enhanced by a general lack of standard observations, which is even more evident over the southern side of the Alps. For this reason, it would be useful to increase the performance of the mathematical models by locally assimilating non-conventional data. Since in ARPA Piemonte there is the availability of a great number of non-GTS stations, it has been decided to assimilate the 2 m temperature, coming from this dataset, in the very-high resolution version of the COSMO model, which has a horizontal resolution of about 3 km, more similar to the average resolution of the thermometers. Four different weather situations have been considered, ranging from spring to winter, from cloudy to clear sky. The aim of the work is to investigate the effects of the assimilation of non-GTS data in order to create an operational very high-resolution analysis, but also to test the option of running in the future a very short-range forecast starting from these analyses (RUC or Rapid Update Cycle). The results, in terms of Root Mean Square Error, Mean Error and diurnal cycle of some surface variables such as 2 m temperature, 2 m relative humidity and 10 m wind intensity show a positive impact during the assimilation cycle which tends to dissipate a few hours after the end of it. Moreover, the 2 m temperature assimilation has a slightly positive or neutral impact on the vertical profiles of temperature, eventhough some calibration is needed for the precipitation field which is too much perturbed during the assimilation cycle, while it is unaffected in the forecast period. So the stability of the planetary boundary layer, on the one hand, has not been particularly improved by the new-data assimilation, but, on the other hand, it has not been destroyed. It has to be pointed out that a correct description of the planetary boundary layer, even only the lowest part of it, could be helpful to the forecasters and, in general, to the users, in order to deal with meteorological hazards such as snow (in particular snow/rain limit definition), or fog (description of temperature inversions).
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Petlyak, E. A., and V. T. Marchenko. "About one of the approaches to the assessment of the technical level of geostationary communication satellites." Kosmìčna nauka ì tehnologìâ 26, no. 5 (2020): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/knit2020.05.005.
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The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological approach to the problem of a quantitative assessment of the technical level (technical excellence) of geostationary telecommunication satellites (GTS). The technical level indicator is a quantitative measure for assessing the perfection of the design of a product and the quality of products (services) produced with its use. This is an important technical and economic indicator of experimental design work. The value of the technical level indicator is one of the determining factors in the competitiveness of the created space system. The paper discusses the existing methodological approaches to the quantitative assessment of the technical level of science-intensive and technically complex products. We present a new approach to determine the composition of technical performance markers for calculating the GTS technical level indicator allowing a formal description of the beneficial effect and a logical scheme for quantifying the technical level. The methodological approach to calculate the degree of influence of technical efficiency indicators on the value of the beneficial effect of the use of GTS is stated as well. It is based on a mathematical model of the hierarchy analysis introduced by T. Saaty, complemented by us with mathematical models for the best consideration of GTS technical features. It allowed us to ensure control of errors and contradictions in expert judgments involved in the preparation of initial data of unmeasurable or hardly measurable techno-economic indicators of GTS. Due to the higher level of formalization of the process of quantifying the technical level and the application of mathematical methods used in modern decision theory, the developed methodological approach serves to improve the quality of calculations significantly and to reduce the influence of the subjective factor in determining the value of the technical level indicator. Based on the above, we developed a method for quantitative assessment of the GTS technical level that meets the modern requirements.
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Kovanecz, Istvan, Robert Gelfand, Guiting Lin, Sheila Sharifzad, Alec Ohanian, Randy Ricks, Tom Lue, and Nestor Gonzalez-Cadavid. "Stem Cells from a Female Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes/Obesity and Stress Urinary Incontinence Are Damaged by In Vitro Exposure to its Dyslipidemic Serum, Predicting Inadequate Repair Capacity In Vivo." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 16 (August 19, 2019): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20164044.
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Female stress urinary incontinence (FSUI) is prevalent in women with type 2 diabetes/obesity (T2D/O), and treatment is not optimal. Autograph stem cell therapy surprisingly has poor efficacy. In the male rat model of T2D/O, it was demonstrated that epigenetic changes, triggered by long-term exposure to the dyslipidemic milieu, led to abnormal global transcriptional signatures (GTS) of genes and microRNAs (miR), and impaired the repair capacity of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSC). This was mimicked in vitro by treatment of MDSC with dyslipidemic serum or lipid factors. The current study aimed to predict whether these changes also occur in stem cells from female 12 weeks old T2D/O rats, a model of FSUI. MDSCs from T2D/O (ZF4-SC) and normal female rats (ZL4-SC) were treated in vitro with either dyslipidemic serum (ZFS) from late T2D/O 24 weeks old female Zucker fatty (ZF) rats, or normal serum (ZLS) from 24 weeks old female Zucker lean (ZL) rats, for 4 days and subjected to assays for fat deposition, apoptosis, scratch closing, myostatin, interleukin-6, and miR-GTS. The dyslipidemic ZFS affected both female stem cells more severely than in the male MDSC, with some gender-specific differences in miR-GTS. The changes in miR-GTS and myostatin/interleukin-6 balance may predict in vivo noxious effects of the T2D/O milieu that might impair autograft stem cell (SC) therapy for FSUI, but this requires future studies.
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Mistou, Michel-Yves, Shaynoor Dramsi, Sara Brega, Claire Poyart, and Patrick Trieu-Cuot. "Molecular Dissection of the secA2 Locus of Group B Streptococcus Reveals that Glycosylation of the Srr1 LPXTG Protein Is Required for Full Virulence." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 13 (April 24, 2009): 4195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01673-08.
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ABSTRACT In streptococci, the secA2 locus includes genes encoding the following: (i) the accessory Sec components (SecA2, SecY2, and at least three accessory secretion proteins), (ii) two essential glycosyltranferases (GTs) (GtfA and GtfB), (iii) a variable number of dispensable additional GTs, and (iv) a secreted serine-rich LPXTG protein which is glycosylated in the cytoplasm and transported to the cell surface by this accessory Sec system. The secA2 locus of Streptococcus agalactiae strain NEM316 is structurally related to those found in other streptococci and encodes the serine-rich surface protein Srr1. We demonstrated that expression of Srr1 but not that of the SecA2 components and the associated GTs is regulated by the standalone transcriptional regulator Rga. Srr1 is synthesized as a glycosylated precursor, secreted by the SecA2 system, and anchored to the cell wall by the housekeeping sortase A. Srr1 was localized preferentially at the old poles. GtfA and/or GtfB, but not the six additional GTs, is essential for the production of Srr1. These GTs are involved in the attachment of GlcNac and sialic acid to Srr1. Full glycosylation of Srr1 is associated with the cell surface display of a protein that is more resistant to proteolytic attack. Srr1 contributes to bacterial adherence to human epithelial cell lines and virulence in a neonatal rat model. The extent of Srr1 glycosylation by GtfC to -H modulates bacterial adherence and virulence.
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Tselishchev, V. V. "Semantics for Hyperclassical Logic and the Problem of Negation in the Formal Language." Siberian Journal of Philosophy 16, no. 3 (2018): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2018-16-3-5-15.
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The application of game-theoretic semantics for first-order logic is based on a certain kind of semantic assumptions, directly related to the asymmetry of the definition of truth and lies as the winning strategies of the Verifier (Abelard) and the Counterfeiter (Eloise). This asymmetry becomes apparent when applying GTS to IFL. The legitimacy of applying GTS when it is transferred to IFL is based on the adequacy of GTS for FOL. But this circumstance is not a reason to believe that one can hope for the same adequacy in the case of IFL. Then the question arises if GTS is a natural semantics for IFL. Apparently, the intuitive understanding of negation in natural language can be explicated in formal languages in various ways, and the result of an incomplete grasp of the concept in these languages can be considered a certain kind of anomalies, in view of the apparent simplicity of the explicated concept. Comparison of the theoretical-model and game theoretic semantics in application to two kinds of language – the first-order language and friendly-independent logic – allows to discover the causes of the anomaly and outline ways to overcome it.
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Rudolf, Robert T., Florian Roscheck, Yuuta Aono, and Torsten Faber. "Mass-Optimized Design of Guyed Wind Turbine Tower Using Struts." Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (September 2013): 277–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.277.
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Continuing upscaling trends in turbine height, rotor diameter, and rated power have resulted in massive, expensive tower structures. A modified guyed tower concept with struts (GTS) is proposed for saving material, and the basic design is made for a 2.5MW turbine. The tower and cable dimensions are optimized for lowest system cost given yield constraints. DACE (design and analysis of computer experiments) methods of sampling and surrogate model optimization are used for efficient parameter study and optimization of the ABAQUS finite element model using DAKOTA software. The resulting design is highly effective in transferring turbine loads from the tower to the cables. A mass savings of 41% is calculated vs. conventional structures, and further investigation of the GTS is recommended for both onshore and offshore applications. Additionally, the concept of retowering older turbines is introduced and proposed as an economic alternative to the common practice of repowering old wind farms with larger, new machines. The GTS is specifically suited to this application. Lastly, the design methodology developed for this study is shown to be effective and efficient; it can be applied for the massoptimization of similar cablesupported truss structures.
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Osuri, Krishna K., U. C. Mohanty, A. Routray, and Dev Niyogi. "Improved Prediction of Bay of Bengal Tropical Cyclones through Assimilation of Doppler Weather Radar Observations." Monthly Weather Review 143, no. 11 (October 29, 2015): 4533–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00381.1.
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Abstract The impact on tropical cyclone (TC) prediction from assimilating Doppler weather radar (DWR) observations obtained from the TC inner core and environment over the Bay of Bengal (BoB) is studied. A set of three operationally relevant numerical experiments were conducted for 24 forecast cases involving 5 unique severe/very severe BoB cyclones: Sidr (2007), Aila (2009), Laila (2010), Jal (2010), and Thane (2011). The first experiment (CNTL) used the NCEP FNL analyses for model initial and boundary conditions. In the second experiment [Global Telecommunication System (GTS)], the GTS observations were assimilated into the model initial condition while the third experiment (DWR) used DWR with GTS observations. Assimilation of the TC environment from DWR improved track prediction by 32%–53% for the 12–72-h forecast over the CNTL run and by 5%–25% over GTS and was consistently skillful. More gains were seen in intensity, track, and structure by assimilating inner-core DWR observations as they provided more realistic initial organization/asymmetry and strength of the TC vortex. Additional experiments were conducted to assess the role of warm-rain and ice-phase microphysics to assimilate DWR reflectivity observations. Results indicate that the ice-phase microphysics has a dominant impact on inner-core reflectivity assimilation and in modifying the intensity evolution, hydrometeors, and warm core structure, leading to improved rainfall prediction. This study helps provide a baseline for the credibility of an observational network and assist with the transfer of research to operations over the India monsoon region.
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Kovanecz, Istvan, Robert Gelfand, Sheila Sharifzad, Alec Ohanian, William DeCastro, Carley Cooper, Guiting Lin, Tom Lue, and Nestor Gonzalez-Cadavid. "Evaluation of the In Vitro Damage Caused by Lipid Factors on Stem Cells from a Female Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes/Obesity and Stress Urinary Incontinence." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 14 (July 17, 2020): 5045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21145045.
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Human stem cell therapy for type 2 diabetes/obesity (T2D/O) complications is performedwith stem cell autografts, exposed to the noxious T2D/O milieu, often with suboptimal results.We showed in the Obese Zucker (OZ) rat model of T2D/O that when their muscle-derived stemcells (MDSC) were from long-term T2D/O male rats, their repair ecacy for erectile dysfunctionwas impaired and were imprinted with abnormal gene- and miR-global transcriptional signatures(GTS). The damage was reproduced in vitro by short-term exposure of normal MDSC to dyslipidemicserum, causing altered miR-GTS, fat infiltration, apoptosis, impaired scratch healing, and myostatinoverexpression. Similar in vitro alterations occurred with their normal counterparts (ZF4-SC) fromthe T2D/O rat model for female stress urinary incontinence, and with ZL4-SC from non-T2D/O leanfemale rats. In the current work we studied the in vitro eects of cholesterol and Na palmitate aslipid factors on ZF4-SC and ZL4-SC. A damage partially resembling the one caused by the femaledyslipidemic serum was found, but diering between both lipid factors, so that each one appears tocontribute specifically to the stem cell damaging eects of dyslipidemic serum in vitro and T2D/Oin vivo, irrespective of gender. These results also confirm the miR-GTS biomarker value forMDSC damage.
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Hsu, Pei-Ling, Yung-Ching Lin, Hao Ni, and Fan-E. Mo. "Ganoderma Triterpenoids Exert Antiatherogenic Effects in Mice by Alleviating Disturbed Flow-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3491703.
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Ganoderma mushrooms, used in traditional Chinese medicine to promote health and longevity, have become widely accepted as herbal supplements. Ganoderma lucidum (GL), a commonly seen ganoderma species, is commercially cultivated under controlled conditions for more consistent chemical composition. The medicinal properties of GL are attributable to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. We intended to assess the effect of GL in atherosclerosis, an arterial condition associated with chronic oxidative stress and inflammation, using a carotid-artery-ligation mouse model. Flow turbulence created in the ligated artery induces oxidative stress and neointimal hyperplasia, a feature of early atherogenesis. Daily oral GL prevented neointimal thickening 2 weeks after ligation. Moreover, the ganoderma triterpenoid (GT) crude extract isolated from GL abolished ligation-induced neointima formation. Mechanistically, endothelial dysfunction was observed 3 days after ligation before any structural changes could be detected. GTs alleviated the oxidative stress and restored the atheroresistent status of endothelium by inhibiting the induction of a series of atherogenic factors, including endothelin-1, von Willebrand factor, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 after 3-day ligation. The anti-inflammatory activity of GTs was tested in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to disturbed flow in an in vitro perfusion system. GTs abolished the induction of proinflammatory VCAM-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 by oscillatory shear stress. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of GTs was tested in HUVECs against the insult of H2O2. GTs dissipated the cellular superoxide accumulation imposed by H2O2, thereby mitigating H2O2-induced cell damage and proatherogenic response. Our results revealed the atheroprotective properties of ganoderma mushrooms and identified triterpenoids as the critical constituents for those effects. GTs prevent atherogenesis by eliminating disturbed flow-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Rădan (Toader), Georgiana, Nicoleta Rădulescu, and Gheorghe Oancea. "Mathematical Modelling for Micropiles Embedded in Salt Rock." Mathematical Modelling in Civil Engineering 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmce-2016-0003.
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Abstract This study presents the results of the mathematical modelling for the micropiles foundation of an investement objective located in Slanic, Prahova county. Three computing models were created and analyzed with software, based on Finite Element Method. With Plaxis 2D model was analyzed the isolated micropile and the three-dimensional analysis was made with Plaxis 3D model, for group of micropiles. For the micropiles foundation was used Midas GTS-NX model. The mathematical models were calibrated based with the in-situ tests results for axially loaded micropiles, embedded in salt rock. The paper presents the results obtained with the three software, the calibration and validation models.
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Rosini, Alessandro, Alessandro Palmieri, Damiano Lanzarotto, Renato Procopio, and Andrea Bonfiglio. "A Model Predictive Control Design for Power Generation Heavy-Duty Gas Turbines." Energies 12, no. 11 (June 7, 2019): 2182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112182.
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The new electric power generation scenario, characterized by growing variability due to the greater presence of renewable energy sources (RES), requires more restrictive dynamic requirements for conventional power generators. Among traditional power generators, gas turbines (GTs) can regulate the output electric power faster than any other type of plant; therefore, they are of considerable interest in this context. In particular, the dynamic performance of a GT, being a highly nonlinear and complex system, strongly depends on the applied control system. Proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controllers are the current standard for GT control. However, since such controllers have limitations for various reasons, a model predictive control (MPC) was designed in this study to enhance GT performance in terms of dynamic behavior and robustness to model uncertainties. A comparison with traditional PID-based controllers and alternative model-based control approaches (feedback linearization control) found in the literature demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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Cheng, Wei, Youping Xu, Zhiwu Deng, and Chunli Gu. "GPS Radio Occultation Data Assimilation in the AREM Regional Numerical Weather Prediction Model for Flood Forecasts." Advances in Meteorology 2018 (November 11, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1376235.
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Based on the Backward Four-Dimensional Variational Data Assimilation (Backward-4DVar) system with the Advanced Regional Eta-coordinate Model (AREM), which is capable of assimilating radio occultation data, a heavy rainfall case study is performed using GPS radio occultation (GPS RO) data and routine GTS data on July 5, 2007. The case study results indicate that the use of radio occultation data after quality control can improve the quality of the analysis to be similar to that of the observations and, thus, have a positive effect when improving 24-hour rainfall forecasts. Batch tests for 119 days from May to August during the flood season in 2009 show that only the use of GPS RO data can make positive improvements in both 24-hour and 48-hour regional rainfall forecasts and obtain a better B score for 24-hour forecasts and better TS score for 48-hour forecasts. When using radio occultation refractivity data and conventional radiosonde data, the results indicate that radio occultation refractivity data can achieve a better performance for 48-hour forecasts of light rain and heavy rain.
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Liu, Bo, Yong Tao Gao, Ai Bing Jin, Fu Gen Deng, and Min Zhe Zhang. "Groundwater Seepage Rule Simulation of Horse River Based on MIDAS/GTS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 3715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.3715.
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In order to understand more clearly the law of groundwater seepage, recharge, excretion and dynamic change of groundwater level in the Horse River of Xishimen Iron Mine, it makes full use of MIDAS/GTS to build seepage model of settlement zone in Horse River, and by the analysis of changes of total head and the pore water pressure of the model ,we can study Horse River seepage law in the influence of mining , and track and survey the actual project. The results show that, the finite element model with the actual engineering seepage water head, pore pressure are compared, so as to provide the basis for the selection of Horse River seepage reinforcement scheme.
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ITOYAMA, H., and A. SEVRIN. "BRAIDING MATRICES OF CONFORMAL BLOCKS AND COSET MODELS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 05, no. 01 (January 10, 1990): 211–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x90000118.
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We explain, from the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation, the coincidence of the braiding matrices of conformal field theories having current algebras with face Boltzmann weights (at infinite spectral parameter) of the corresponding generalized Toda system (GTS). A vertex-height correspondence is introduced in the WZW theory. Braiding matrices of coset models are found to factorize into those of the WZW theories and, as an example, we evaluate those of the Ising model.
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Zhang, Hai, Yuan Cheng Ni, and Li Jiao. "Building the Simple Model of Bridge Reinforced Shallow Foundation." Advanced Materials Research 1079-1080 (December 2014): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1079-1080.127.
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In order to calculate the shallow foundation for moreappropriate, the paperbuildinga simplemodel in line with the actual situation of reinforced shallow foundation andcalculates, thereby improves the existing analysis method. By analyzing themodel of shallow foundation reinforced by supplementary pile, the paper getsthe method for the new model, and combined with the specificexample. Then we compare theresult between the simple model calculation and theanalysis of finite element software Midas/GTS. The analysis of specific exampleshows that, the calculation results of this new simple model and finite elementsoftware are in substantial agreement, and satisfied the safety requirement,and achieves the ideal target.It has a certain practical and reference value,because itcan be quickly and conveniently to calculate the bridge shallow foundation.
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Murphy, Tara, and Valerie Muter. "Risk Factors for Comorbidity in ADHD and GTS: Looking Beyond a Single-Deficit Model." Applied Neuropsychology: Child 1, no. 2 (July 2012): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2012.703889.
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Pohořalá, Veronika, Thomas Enkel, Dusan Bartsch, Rainer Spanagel, and Rick E. Bernardi. "Sign- and goal-tracking score does not correlate with addiction-like behavior following prolonged cocaine self-administration." Psychopharmacology 238, no. 8 (May 5, 2021): 2335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-021-05858-z.
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Abstract Rationale In classical conditioning, sign-tracking reflects behavior directed toward a conditioned stimulus (CS) in expectation of a reward (unconditioned stimulus, US); in contrast, goal-tracking describes behavior directed toward the location of delivery of a US. As cues previously paired with drugs of abuse promote drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior in both animals and humans and thus contribute to the severity of substance abuse, sign-tracking may represent a maladaptive cue-focused behavior that may increase addiction vulnerability as compared to goal-tracking. Recent studies do, in fact, support this possibility. Previous work in this area has focused primarily on paradigms using relatively limited exposure to drug rather than extended drug intake. Objectives Here, we used the DSM-IV–based 3-criteria (3-CRIT) model and examined whether a relationship exists between sign- or goal-tracking phenotypes and the prevalence of criteria associated with addiction-like behavior following extended cocaine self-administration as measured in this model. Methods Forty-six male Sprague Dawley rats underwent a Pavlovian conditioned approach (PCA) procedure and were characterized along a continuum as goal-trackers (GTs), intermediates (INTs), or sign-trackers (STs). The animals were subsequently trained to intravenous self-administer cocaine during 45 self-administration (SA) sessions and characterized for the 3 criteria outlined in the model: persistence of drug-seeking, motivation for cocaine-taking, and resistance to punishment. Results We performed correlational analyses on the traits measured, finding no relationships between PCA score and addiction-like characteristics measured using the 3-CRIT model of addiction. However, STs showed significantly greater resistance to punishment than GTs. Conclusions Phenotyping along a continuum of PCA scores may not be a valid predictor for identifying vulnerability to the addiction-like behaviors examined using the 3-CRIT model. However, PCA phenotype may predict a single feature of the 3-CRIT model, resistance to punishment, among those rats classified as either STs or GTs.
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Flagel, S. "Elucidating the Neural Circuitry Underlying Individual Differences in Response to Reward-associated Cues." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.082.
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Stimuli in the environment that have been associated with reward can gain control over behavior and, in some cases, lead to maladaptive behavior. Reward cues acquire inordinate control when they are attributed with incentive salience or transformed into “motivational magnets” (i.e. incentive stimuli). Individuals vary considerably in the extent to which they attribute incentive motivational value to reward cues, and we can capture this individual variation using an animal model. When rats are exposed to a Pavlovian conditioning paradigm, in which the presentation of a lever-cue is immediately followed by the delivery of a food reward, some rats preferentially approach the lever (sign-trackers, STs) while others approach the food cup (goal-trackers, GTs). Importantly, while the lever is a predictor for both STs and GTs, only for STs does it become an incentive stimulus. Thus, this model allows us to parse the neurobiological mechanisms underlying predictive vs. incentive learning processes. Using this model, we have demonstrated that dopamine is critical for incentive, but not predictive, learning and that the cortico-thalamic-striatal “motive circuit” is engaged only by incentive stimuli. In addition, we have identified the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) as a central node that differentially regulates sign- and goal-tracking behaviors. We have begun to utilize a chemogenetic approach (i.e. DREADDs) in combination with in vivo microdialysis to further elucidate the neural circuitry underlying individual variation in cue-motivated behaviors. Findings suggesting that STs rely primarily on subcortical mechanisms, whereas GTs utilize more “top-down” cortical processes will be presented and discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
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Podolets, Roman, and Roman Yukhymets. "Alternative options of the introduction of the 'entry-exit' transport tariff model in Ukraine." Economy and Forecasting 2019, no. 1 (2019): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econforecast2019.01.083.
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Compliance to the principles of free access to gas networks on a market basis, objectivity reflection of the system's cost, transparency and predictability of market participants requires changes to the tariff setting rules for transportation services. The introduction of the "entry-exit" tariff model is intended to ensure the achievement of new market requirements and the establishment of common European rules for conducting economic activities. Changing the internal model of gas transportation also results in a change in the pricing principles for services provided by the TSO. Henceforth, the charge for transportation services should be taken not for the transport distance, but for the capacity of the entrance and exit points which should be sold publicly and independently. It allows for a more objective consideration of the operating costs of servicing the system and providing greater commercial variability in ordering system services by business entities. However, European legislation does not define a single standard for the "entry-exit" model. Depending on the technical features of the network and the priorities of the national policy, each country determines the best option for itself. In this paper we used a set of mathematical models to evaluate the implications of the introduction of three alternative variants of the tariff model in two variants of workload GTS (optimistic and pessimistic scenarios): full "entry-exit" model, two market zones, and "entry-exit" model with a long-term reservation. The results of the calculations were compared with the baseline scenario, which does not involve a change in the market model and gas transit is carried out in accordance with the terms of long-term contracts of 2009. In general, changing the model for providing transport services in the gas market should lead to fundamental institutional transformations of contractual relations between all market actors and the principles of market functioning.
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Bai, Hui Ren, Jing Jing Li, and Dan Wang. "Gob Area Grouting Reinforcement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.466.
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This paper mainly introduced the grouting reinforced governance issues of old goaf of which exist building on the surface. Combined with the engineering example, the use of GTS software to identify mined areas and the the drilling histogram to establish three-dimensional geological model of gob region. Put forward to carry out positioning quantitative grouting technology on the goaf according to three-dimensional geological model, and strengthen the gob by using grouting method.
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Szilágyi, N., R. Kovács, I. Kenyeres, and Zs Csikor. "Biofilm development in fixed bed biofilm reactors: experiments and simple models for engineering design purposes." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 6 (September 1, 2013): 1391–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.385.
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Biofilm development in a fixed bed biofilm reactor system performing municipal wastewater treatment was monitored aiming at accumulating colonization and maximum biofilm mass data usable in engineering practice for process design purposes. Initially a 6 month experimental period was selected for investigations where the biofilm formation and the performance of the reactors were monitored. The results were analyzed by two methods: for simple, steady-state process design purposes the maximum biofilm mass on carriers versus influent load and a time constant of the biofilm growth were determined, whereas for design approaches using dynamic models a simple biofilm mass prediction model including attachment and detachment mechanisms was selected and fitted to the experimental data. According to a detailed statistical analysis, the collected data have not allowed us to determine both the time constant of biofilm growth and the maximum biofilm mass on carriers at the same time. The observed maximum biofilm mass could be determined with a reasonable error and ranged between 438 gTS/m2 carrier surface and 843 gTS/m2, depending on influent load, and hydrodynamic conditions. The parallel analysis of the attachment–detachment model showed that the experimental data set allowed us to determine the attachment rate coefficient which was in the range of 0.05–0.4 m d−1 depending on influent load and hydrodynamic conditions.
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Duris, Lukas, and Eva Hrubesova. "Numerical Simulation of the Interaction between Fibre Concrete Slab and Subsoil—The Impact of Selected Determining Factors." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 1, 2020): 10036. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310036.
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Shape and material optimization of building structures, including reducing the amount of concrete used, are very important aspects in sustainable construction. Numerical modelling is currently used very effectively to design optimized and sustainable structures, including their interaction with the surrounding rock environment. This paper is focused on the three selected factors of numerical modelling of fibre concrete slab and subsoil interaction: (1) the constitutive model of fibre concrete slab, (2) deformational and strength characteristics of subsoil, (3) effect of interface elements. The specialized geotechnical software Midas GTS NX, based on the finite element method, was used for the modelling of this task. Numerical results were compared with the experimental measurement of vertical displacements on the upper surface of slab. In the presented study, three constitutive models of slab recommended in MIDAS GTS NX code for modelling concrete behaviour (elastic, Mohr-Coulomb and Drucker-Prager) were applied. In addition, the sensitivity analysis with respect to the deformational and strength characteristics of subsoil was performed. The numerical study also presents the effect of the interface elements application on the slab behaviour. The numerical results of maximum vertical displacements based on the Drucker-Prager and elastic model underestimated both the experimental results and numerical results based on the Mohr-Coulomb model. From the qualitative point of view (shape of deflection curve), the numerical simulation showed the better agreement of the Mohr-Coulomb constitutive model with the experimental measurements in comparison with the other two investigated constitutive models. The performed parametric study documented that reduction of the strength and deformational characteristics of subsoil leads to the increase of maximum vertical displacements in the centre of slab, but the experimentally measured deflection curve, including uplift of slab and gapping occurrence between the slab and subsoil, was not achieved without the interface application.
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Hu, Hongtao, Byung Kwon Lee, Youfang Huang, Loo Hay Lee, and Ek Peng Chew. "Performance Analysis on Transfer Platforms in Frame Bridge Based Automated Container Terminals." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/593847.
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This paper studies a new automated container terminal (ACT) system which utilizes multistory frame bridges and rail-mounted trolleys to transport containers between the quay and the yard. Beside typical ACT systems use trucks or automated guided vehicles for transporting containers between quay cranes and yard cranes, the new design uses three types of handling machines, namely, ground trolleys (GTs), transfer platforms (TPs), and frame trolleys (FTs). These three types of handling machines collaborate with one another to transport containers. This study decomposes the system into several subsystems. Each subsystem has one TP and several FTs and GTs dedicated to this TP. Then, a Markov chain model is developed to analyze the throughput of TPs. At last, the performance of the new ACT system is estimated. Sensitivity analyzes the numbers, and the processing rates of trolleys are conducted through the numeric experiments.
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Tu, Chuan-Chi, Yi-Leng Chen, Shu-Ya Chen, Ying-Hwa Kuo, and Pay-Liam Lin. "Impacts of Including Rain-Evaporative Cooling in the Initial Conditions on the Prediction of a Coastal Heavy Rainfall Event during TiMREX." Monthly Weather Review 145, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 253–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-16-0224.1.
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Abstract A cycling run, which began 36 h before the model forecast, was employed to assimilate special Terrain-influenced Monsoon Rainfall Experiment (TiMREX) soundings, Global Telecommunications System (GTS) data, and Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) global positioning system (GPS) radio occultation (RO) refractivity profiles to improve the model initial conditions provided by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) to study a coastal, heavy rainfall event over southwestern Taiwan during 15–16 June 2008. The 36-h cycling run with data assimilation (DA_ALL_DATA run) has a positive impact on the depiction of subsynoptic flow in the model initial conditions at 1200 UTC 15 June, including the warm moist tongue and southwesterly monsoon flow over the open ocean. Furthermore, the cold pool caused by the evaporative cooling of antecedent rains and orographic blocking over southwestern Taiwan are better resolved in the nested high-resolution domain in the DA_ALL_DATA run as compared to the initial conditions provided by the NCEP GFS. As a result, the heavy rainfall along the southwestern coast and afternoon localized heavy rainfall over northern Taiwan are better predicted in the DA_ALL_DATA run. Model sensitivity tests are also performed to diagnose the effects of terrain and rain-evaporative cooling on the intensity and depth of the cold pool and degree of orographic blocking on the southwesterly flow over southwestern Taiwan. It is apparent that including rain-evaporative cooling from antecedent rains and orographic effects in the model initial conditions are important to account for the predicted rainfall distribution of this coastal rainfall event.
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Wächter, Christian, Reinhart Lunderstädt, and Franz Joos. "Dynamic Model of a Pressurized SOFC/Gas Turbine Hybrid Power Plant for the Development of Control Concepts." Journal of Fuel Cell Science and Technology 3, no. 3 (February 16, 2006): 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2205360.
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In a situation where fossil energy resources globally run short and the greenhouse effect increases, the interest in new technologies of energy conversion to reduce the demand of primary energy and emission of pollutants grows. The use of high temperature fuel cells like solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), especially in combination with gas turbines (GTs), promises remarkable room for improvement in the areas mentioned, compared to other state-of-the-art technologies. But design and handling of such complex plants require efficient control strategies to promote safe and reliable operation. The development of powerful control algorithms is based on an exact knowledge of the operating behavior, which can be obtained using dynamic system models. In this paper a nonlinear model with bulk parameters and 19 dynamic states is presented; the main assumptions and the underlying equations are given. The simulated system consists of a compressor, a SOFC, a turbine, a recuperator, an ejector with a diffusor, a reformer, and a load. Additionally, from the nonlinear model a linear one in state-space representation is derived at nominal conditions. The results of both models are compared. The agreement of the dynamic behavior and of steady state final values is satisfactory. Thus in future studies, methods of linear control theory could be used with the linear model to develop efficient control strategies.
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Price, Nicholas, Brook T. Moyers, Lua Lopez, Jesse R. Lasky, J. Grey Monroe, Jack L. Mullen, Christopher G. Oakley, et al. "Combining population genomics and fitness QTLs to identify the genetics of local adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 19 (April 23, 2018): 5028–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719998115.
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Evidence for adaptation to different climates in the model species Arabidopsis thaliana is seen in reciprocal transplant experiments, but the genetic basis of this adaptation remains poorly understood. Field-based quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies provide direct but low-resolution evidence for the genetic basis of local adaptation. Using high-resolution population genomic approaches, we examine local adaptation along previously identified genetic trade-off (GT) and conditionally neutral (CN) QTLs for fitness between locally adapted Italian and Swedish A. thaliana populations [Ågren J, et al. (2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 110:21077–21082]. We find that genomic regions enriched in high FST SNPs colocalize with GT QTL peaks. Many of these high FST regions also colocalize with regions enriched for SNPs significantly correlated to climate in Eurasia and evidence of recent selective sweeps in Sweden. Examining unfolded site frequency spectra across genes containing high FST SNPs suggests GTs may be due to more recent adaptation in Sweden than Italy. Finally, we collapse a list of thousands of genes spanning GT QTLs to 42 genes that likely underlie the observed GTs and explore potential biological processes driving these trade-offs, from protein phosphorylation, to seed dormancy and longevity. Our analyses link population genomic analyses and field-based QTL studies of local adaptation, and emphasize that GTs play an important role in the process of local adaptation.
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Mišić, Jelena, and Xuemin (Sherman) Shen. "Delay Analysis of GTS Bridging between IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11 Networks for Healthcare Applications." International Journal of Telemedicine and Applications 2009 (2009): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/987046.
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We consider interconnection of IEEE 802.15.4 beacon-enabled network cluster with IEEE 802.11b network. This scenario is important in healthcare applications where IEEE 802.15.4 nodes comprise patient's body area network (BAN) and are involved in sensing some health-related data. BAN nodes have very short communication range in order to avoid harming patient's health and save energy. Sensed data needs to be transmitted to an access point in the ward room using wireless technology with higher transmission range and rate such as IEEE 802.11b. We model the interconnected network where IEEE 802.15.4-based BAN operates in guaranteed time slot (GTS) mode, and IEEE 802.11b part of the bridge conveys GTS superframe to the 802.11b access point. We then analyze the network delays. Performance analysis is performed using EKG traffic from continuous telemetry, and we discuss the delays of communication due the increasing number of patients.
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Sychkina, Evgeniya N., Vadim V. Antipov, and Yan V. Ofrikhter. "Numerical investigations of work of driven pile on claystones." Vestnik MGSU, no. 2 (February 2019): 188–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2019.2.188-198.
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Introduction. Reviewed the features of the work of the pile on Permian claystones with the help of numerical and field experiments, analytical calculations. Materials and methods. Numerical modeling was performed in the Plaxis 3D and Midas GTS NX software packages. Full-scale tests of driven piles are made in accordance with the requirements of GOST 20276-2012. The obtained results are compared with the results of analytical calculations according to SP 24.13330.2011. Results. The scientific novelty of the investigation consists in a comparative analysis of the results of numerical modeling of the interaction of a driving pile with claystones with the results of field tests and analytical calculations. Finite element analysis in software package Plaxis 3D using Hardening Soil model shows higher values of settlement (up to 6 times) in relation to stabilized settlement of full-scale pile tests. Calculations in the software package Midas GTS NX showed overestimated values of pile settlements in relation to full-scale pile tests (13-24 times). Analytical calculations in accordance with SP 24.13330.2011 also showed overestimated (up to 3 times) values of the maximum pile settlement in relation to the stabilized settlement during full-scale pile tests. Conclusions. The calculations by the finite element method in the package Plaxis 3D and Midas GTS NX, by the analytical method according to SP 24.13330.2011, show overestimated values of settlement in relation to the stabilized settlement of piles on claystones. Using the Linear-Elastic model for claystones in numerical calculations in Plaxis 3D provides a value close to the settlement of full-scale pile. However, the use of this model is not fully justified for claystones due to the presence of residual deformations and the nonlinear character of pile settlement during loading. Necessary to correct the existing numerical and analytical methods for calculating pile foundations on claystones. It is necessary to continue the work on the further generalization of the experience of arranging piles on weathered claystones in order to evaluate the long-term work of not only a single pile, but also a pile foundation.
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Xiao, Lin, Yipeng Liang, Chenfan Weng, Dingcheng Yang, and Qingmin Zhao. "UAV-Enabled Data Collection: Multiple Access, Trajectory Optimization, and Energy Trade-Off." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2019 (August 25, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9647539.
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In this paper, we consider a ground terminal (GT) to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) wireless communication system where data from GTs are collected by an unmanned aerial vehicle. We propose to use the ground terminal-UAV (G-U) region for the energy consumption model. In particular, to fulfill the data collection task with a minimum energy both of the GTs and UAV, an algorithm that combines optimal trajectory design and resource allocation scheme is proposed which is supposed to solve the optimization problem approximately. We initialize the UAV’s trajectory firstly. Then, the optimal UAV trajectory and GT’s resource allocation are obtained by using the successive convex optimization and Lagrange duality. Moreover, we come up with an efficient algorithm aimed to find an approximate solution by jointly optimizing trajectory and resource allocation. Numerical results show that the proposed solution is efficient. Compared with the benchmark scheme which did not adopt optimizing trajectory, the solution we propose engenders significant performance in energy efficiency.
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Kurunathan, Harrison, Ricardo Severino, and Eduardo Tovar. "A Comprehensive Worst Case Bounds Analysis of IEEE 802.15.7." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 10, no. 2 (March 26, 2021): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan10020023.
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Visible Light Communication (VLC) has been emerging as a promising technology to address the increasingly high data-rate and time-critical demands that the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G paradigms impose on the underlying Wireless Sensor Actuator Networking (WSAN) technologies. In this line, the IEEE 802.15.7 standard proposes several physical layers and Medium Access Control (MAC) sub-layer mechanisms that support a variety of VLC applications. Particularly, at the MAC sub-layer, it can support contention-free communications using Guaranteed Timeslots (GTS), introducing support for time-critical applications. However, to effectively guarantee accurate usage of such functionalities, it is vital to derive the worst-case bounds of the network. In this paper, we use network calculus to carry out the worst-case bounds analysis for GTS utilization of IEEE 802.15.7 and complement our model with an in-depth performance analysis. We also propose the inclusion of an additional mechanism to improve the overall scalability and effective bandwidth utilization of the network.
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Qiu, Wangren, Ping Zhang, and Yanhong Wang. "Fuzzy Time Series Forecasting Model Based on Automatic Clustering Techniques and Generalized Fuzzy Logical Relationship." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/962597.
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In view of techniques for constructing high-order fuzzy time series models, there are three types which are based on advanced algorithms, computational method, and grouping the fuzzy logical relationships. The last type of models is easy to be understood by the decision maker who does not know anything about fuzzy set theory or advanced algorithms. To deal with forecasting problems, this paper presented novel high-order fuzz time series models denoted as GTS(M, N)based on generalized fuzzy logical relationships and automatic clustering. This paper issued the concept of generalized fuzzy logical relationship and an operation for combining the generalized relationships. Then, the procedure of the proposed model was implemented on forecasting enrollment data at the University of Alabama. To show the considerable outperforming results, the proposed approach was also applied to forecasting the Shanghai Stock Exchange Composite Index. Finally, the effects of parametersMandN, the number of order, and concerned principal fuzzy logical relationships, on the forecasting results were also discussed.
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Nieuwenhuijse, Marc J., Stephan B. W. Vehmeijer, Nina M. C. Mathijsen, and Stefan B. Keizer. "Fixation of the short global tissue-sparing hip stem." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 6 (June 2020): 699–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b6.bjj-2019-1026.r2.
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Aims Short, bone-conserving femoral components are increasingly used in total hip arthroplasty (THA). They are expected to allow tissue-conserving implantation and to render future revision surgery more straightforward but the long-term data on such components is limited. One such component is the global tissue-sparing (GTS) stem. Following the model for stepwise introduction of new orthopaedic implants, we evaluated early implant fixation and clinical outcome of this novel short-stem THA and compared it to that of a component with established good long-term clinical outcome. Methods In total, 50 consecutive patients ≤ 70 years old with end-stage symptomatic osteo-arthritis were randomized to receive THA with the GTS stem or the conventional Taperloc stem using the anterior supine intermuscular approach by two experienced hip surgeons in two hospitals in the Netherlands. Primary outcome was implant migration. Patients were followed using routine clinical examination, patient reported outcome using Harris Hip Score (HHS), Hip Disability And Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire (EQ5D), and Roentgen Stereophotogrammetric Analysis (RSA) at three, six, 12, and 24 months. This study evaluated the two-year follow-up results. Results In addition to the initial migration pattern of distal migration (subsidence, Y-translation) and retroversion (Y-rotation) also exhibited by the Taperloc stem, the GTS stem showed an initial migration pattern of varization (X-translation combined with Z-rotation) and posterior translation (Z-translation). However, all components stabilized aside from one Taperloc stem which became loose secondary to malposition and was later revised. Clinical outcomes and complications were not statistically significantly different with the numbers available. Conclusion A substantially different and more extensive initial migration pattern was seen for the GTS stem compared to the Taperloc stem. Although implant stabilization was achieved, excellent long-term survival similar to that of the Taperloc stem should not be inferred. Especially in the absence of clinically proven relevant improvement, widespread usage should be postponed until long-term safety has been established. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(6):699–708.
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Liu, Yuchen, Jia Liu, Chuanzhe Li, Fuliang Yu, and Wei Wang. "Effect of the Assimilation Frequency of Radar Reflectivity on Rain Storm Prediction by Using WRF-3DVAR." Remote Sensing 13, no. 11 (May 27, 2021): 2103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112103.
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An attempt was made to evaluate the impact of assimilating Doppler Weather Radar (DWR) reflectivity together with Global Telecommunication System (GTS) data in the three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system of the Weather Research Forecast (WRF) model on rain storm prediction in Daqinghe basin of northern China. The aim of this study was to explore the potential effects of data assimilation frequency and to evaluate the outputs from different domain resolutions in improving the meso-scale NWP rainfall products. In this study, four numerical experiments (no assimilation, 1 and 6 h assimilation time interval with DWR and GTS at 1 km horizontal resolution, 6 h assimilation time interval with radar reflectivity, and GTS data at 3 km horizontal resolution) are carried out to evaluate the impact of data assimilation on prediction of convective rain storms. The results show that the assimilation of radar reflectivity and GTS data collectively enhanced the performance of the WRF-3DVAR system over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of northern China. It is indicated by the experimental results that the rapid update assimilation has a positive impact on the prediction of the location, tendency, and development of rain storms associated with the study area. In order to explore the influence of data assimilation in the outer domain on the output of the inner domain, the rainfall outputs of 3 and 1 km resolution are compared. The results show that the data assimilation in the outer domain has a positive effect on the output of the inner domain. Since the 3DVAR system is able to analyze certain small-scale and convective-scale features through the incorporation of radar observations, hourly assimilation time interval does not always significantly improve precipitation forecasts because of the inaccurate radar reflectivity observations. Therefore, before data assimilation, the validity of assimilation data should be judged as far as possible in advance, which can not only improve the prediction accuracy, but also improve the assimilation efficiency.
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Torcasio, Rosa Claudia, Stefano Federico, Claudia Roberta Calidonna, Elenio Avolio, Oxana Drofa, Tony Christian Landi, Piero Malguzzi, Andrea Buzzi, and Paolo Bonasoni. "Three-model ensemble wind prediction in southern Italy." Annales Geophysicae 34, no. 3 (March 21, 2016): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-347-2016.
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Abstract. Quality of wind prediction is of great importance since a good wind forecast allows the prediction of available wind power, improving the penetration of renewable energies into the energy market. Here, a 1-year (1 December 2012 to 30 November 2013) three-model ensemble (TME) experiment for wind prediction is considered. The models employed, run operationally at National Research Council – Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (CNR-ISAC), are RAMS (Regional Atmospheric Modelling System), BOLAM (BOlogna Limited Area Model), and MOLOCH (MOdello LOCale in H coordinates). The area considered for the study is southern Italy and the measurements used for the forecast verification are those of the GTS (Global Telecommunication System). Comparison with observations is made every 3 h up to 48 h of forecast lead time. Results show that the three-model ensemble outperforms the forecast of each individual model. The RMSE improvement compared to the best model is between 22 and 30 %, depending on the season. It is also shown that the three-model ensemble outperforms the IFS (Integrated Forecasting System) of the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast) for the surface wind forecasts. Notably, the three-model ensemble forecast performs better than each unbiased model, showing the added value of the ensemble technique. Finally, the sensitivity of the three-model ensemble RMSE to the length of the training period is analysed.