Relevant bibliographies by topics / GSH

Academic literature on the topic 'GSH'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "GSH"

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Favilli, Fabio, Patrizia Marraccini, Teresa Iantomasi, and Maria T. Vincenzini. "Effect of orally administered glutathione on glutathione levels in some organs of rats: role of specific transporters." British Journal of Nutrition 78, no. 2 (August 1997): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19970147.

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The present study reports data on absorption of orally administered glutathione (GSH) in rat jejunum and in other organs, and the possible role of specific transport systems of GSH and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (EC 2.3.2.1; γ-GT) activity. GSH levels were measured simultaneously in various organs after oral GSH administration to untreated rats and rats treated with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) or acivicin (AT125). BSO selectively inhibits GSH intracellular synthesis and AT125 is a specific inhibitor of γ-GT activity. GSH levels were also measured after oral administration of an equivalent amount of the constituent amino acids of GSH to untreated and BSO-treated rats. Significant increases in GSH levels were found in jejunum, lung, heart, liver and brain after oral GSH administration to untreated rats. GSH increases were also obtained in all organs, except liver, when GSH was administered to rats previously GHS-depleted by treatment with BSO. The analysis of all results allowed us to distinguish between the increase in GSH intracellular levels due to intact GSH uptake by specific transporters, and that due to GSH degradation by γ-GT activity and subsequent absorption of degradation products with intracellular resynthesis of GSH; both these mechanisms seemed to be involved in increasing GSH content in heart after oral GSH administration. Jejunum, lung and brain took up GSH mostly intact, by specific transport systems, while in liver GSH uptake occurred only by its breakdown by γ-GT activity followed by intracellular resynthesis.
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M. I, Abdelgadir, Omer F. I, Omer M. A, Awad ElGeed B. A, and Hassan MM. "Expected adverse health influences due to exposure to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) and its environmental outcomes using Wistar rats as experimental animals." International Journal of Medicine 11, no. 1 (September 6, 2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijm.v11i1.32315.

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A sum of 32 Wistar rats were divided into four equal groups, each containing 8 rats. Study animals were freely subject to normal rodent diet and tap water. One group was put as control. The applied agents were exposed to glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH-400 mg kg–1) GSH (nmol g–1 tissue), (GBH-600 mg kg–1) GSH (nmol g–1 tissue) and (GBH-850 mg kg–1) GSH (nmol g–1 tissue) once per day as oral gavage for 6 weeks. Study results clearly revealed that (GBH) significantly (p≤0.05) decreased the levels of GSH in liver, kidney, and brain tissues, due to many reasons including poor diet, chronic disease, infection and constant stress, besides aging. Biological negative influences of glyphosate herbicide through the scientific community, including government and non-government organizations have increased their interest in detecting and controlling the environmental agents responsible for damages to the human health and sustainability of the ecosystems.
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Tsan, M. F., J. E. White, and C. L. Rosano. "Modulation of endothelial GSH concentrations: effect of exogenous GSH and GSH monoethyl ester." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 1029–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1029.

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We studied the effects of exogenous glutathione (GSH) and GSH monoethyl ester (GSH-MEE) on the enhancement of endothelial GSH concentrations. The preparation of GSH-MEE used contained 91% GSH-MEE, approximately 9% GSH diethyl ester (GSH-DEE) and a trace amount of GSH. Both GSH and GSH-MEE markedly stimulated the intracellular concentrations of GSH in endothelial cells. GSH-MEE was more potent than GSH. The enhancement of endothelial GSH concentration by exogenous GSH was completely inhibited by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a potent inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthase, or acivicin (AT-125), an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, suggesting that it was due to the extracellular breakdown and subsequent intracellular resynthesis of GSH. In contrast, the effect of GSH-MEE was largely resistant to BSO and acivicin, suggesting that it was primarily due to transport of GSH-MEE followed by intracellular hydrolysis. The GSH-MEE preparation, which contained 9% GSH-DEE, at concentrations of 2 mM or higher caused vacuolization of endothelial cells. The enhancement of GSH concentrations by exogenous GSH, but not by GSH-MEE, protected endothelial cells against H2O2-induced injury.
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Matteucci, Michael J., and Richard F. Clark. "GSH poisoning." Journal of Emergency Medicine 29, no. 3 (October 2005): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2005.06.004.

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García, Maria J., Candelario Palma-Bautista, Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado, Enzo Bracamonte, João Portugal, Ricardo Alcántara-de la Cruz, and Rafael De Prado. "The Triple Amino Acid Substitution TAP-IVS in the EPSPS Gene Confers High Glyphosate Resistance to the Superweed Amaranthus hybridus." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 10 (May 15, 2019): 2396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102396.

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The introduction of glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops revolutionized weed management; however, the improper use of this technology has selected for a wide range of weeds resistant to glyphosate, referred to as superweeds. We characterized the high glyphosate resistance level of an Amaranthus hybridus population (GRH)—a superweed collected in a GR-soybean field from Cordoba, Argentina—as well as the resistance mechanisms that govern it in comparison to a susceptible population (GSH). The GRH population was 100.6 times more resistant than the GSH population. Reduced absorption and metabolism of glyphosate, as well as gene duplication of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) or its overexpression did not contribute to this resistance. However, GSH plants translocated at least 10% more 14C-glyphosate to the rest of the plant and roots than GRH plants at 9 h after treatment. In addition, a novel triple amino acid substitution from TAP (wild type, GSH) to IVS (triple mutant, GRH) was identified in the EPSPS gene of the GRH. The nucleotide substitutions consisted of ATA102, GTC103 and TCA106 instead of ACA102, GCG103, and CCA106, respectively. The hydrogen bond distances between Gly-101 and Arg-105 positions increased from 2.89 Å (wild type) to 2.93 Å (triple-mutant) according to the EPSPS structural modeling. These results support that the high level of glyphosate resistance of the GRH A. hybridus population was mainly governed by the triple mutation TAP-IVS found of the EPSPS target site, but the impaired translocation of herbicide also contributed in this resistance.
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Liedschulte, Verena, Andreas Wachter, An Zhigang, and Thomas Rausch. "Exploiting plants for glutathione (GSH) production: Uncoupling GSH synthesis from cellular controls results in unprecedented GSH accumulation." Plant Biotechnology Journal 8, no. 7 (March 11, 2010): 807–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7652.2010.00510.x.

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Hamilton, David, Jian Hui Wu, Moulay Alaoui-Jamali, and Gerald Batist. "A novel missense mutation in the γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase catalytic subunit gene causes both decreased enzymatic activity and glutathione production." Blood 102, no. 2 (July 15, 2003): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-11-3622.

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Abstractγ-Glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in glutathione (GSH) biosynthesis: the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)–dependent ligation of glutamate and cysteine. γ-GCS consists of a catalytic (γ-GCSH) and modifier (γ-GCSL) subunit. Hereditary deficiency of γ-GCS has been reported in a small number of patients and is associated with low erythrocyte levels of γ-GCS and GSH leading to hemolytic anemia. Here we report a novel γ-GCSH mutation, isolated from the cDNA of 2 related patients diagnosed with γ-GCS deficiency. Each was found to be homozygous for a C>T missense mutation at nucleotide 379, encoding for a predicted Arg127Cys amino acid change. Computerized structure modeling identified that the mutated amino acid lies within a cleft on the protein surface of γ-GCSH, and the border of this cleft was shown to contain Cys249, an evolutionarily conserved residue that has been proven to lie near the binding site of γ-GCSH. Transfection studies showed that the mutation is associated with decreased GSH production, and binding studies using purified recombinant protein showed that the mutant protein has markedly decreased enzymatic activity compared to wild type.
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Napolitano, Antonio, Daniela Longo, Martina Lucignani, Luca Pasquini, Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet, Giulia Lucignani, Arianna Maiorana, et al. "The Ketogenic Diet Increases In Vivo Glutathione Levels in Patients with Epilepsy." Metabolites 10, no. 12 (December 10, 2020): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo10120504.

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The Ketogenic Diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet that has been utilized as the first line treatment for contrasting intractable epilepsy. It is responsible for the presence of ketone bodies in blood, whose neuroprotective effect has been widely shown in recent years but remains unclear. Since glutathione (GSH) is implicated in oxidation-reduction reactions, our aim was to monitor the effects of KD on GSH brain levels by means of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). MRS was acquired from 16 KD patients and seven age-matched Healthy Controls (HC). We estimated metabolite concentrations with linear combination model (LCModel), assessing differences between KD and HC with t-test. Pearson was used to investigate GHS correlations with blood serum 3-B-Hydroxybutyrate (3HB) concentrations and with number of weekly epileptic seizures. The results have shown higher levels of brain GSH for KD patients (2.5 ± 0.5 mM) compared to HC (2.0 ± 0.5 mM). Both blood serum 3HB and number of seizures did not correlate with GSH concentration. The present study showed a significant increase in GSH in the brain of epileptic children treated with KD, reproducing for the first time in humans what was previously observed in animal studies. Our results may suggest a pivotal role of GSH in the antioxidant neuroprotective effect of KD in the human brain.
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Aebi, S., and B. H. Lauterburg. "Divergent effects of intravenous GSH and cysteine on renal and hepatic GSH." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 2 (August 1, 1992): R348—R352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.2.r348.

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There is a growing interest in the therapeutic use of sulfhydryls. To assess the effect of glutathione (GSH) and cysteine on the cellular thiol status, thiols were administered intravenously to rats in doses ranging from 1.67 to 8.35 mmol/kg with and without pretreatment with 4 mmol/kg buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. One hour after administration of 1.67 mmol/kg GSH, the concentration of GSH rose from 5.2 +/- 1.0 to 8.4 +/- 0.9 mumol/g and from 2.5 +/- 0.5 to 3.7 +/- 0.7 mumol/g in liver and kidneys, respectively. After 8.35 mmol/kg, hepatic GSH did not increase further, but renal GSH rose to 6.7 +/- 1.8 mumol/g. Infusion of cysteine increased hepatic GSH to the same extent as intravenous GSH, but renal GSH did not increase after 1.67 mmol/kg and even significantly decreased to 0.6 +/- 0.2 mumol/g after 8.35 mmol/kg. In the presence of BSO, GSH resulted in a significant increase in renal but not hepatic GSH, suggesting that the kidneys take up intact GSH and indicating that the increment in hepatic GSH was due to de novo synthesis. The present data show that hepatic GSH can be markedly increased in vivo by increasing the supply of cysteine. Measurements of hepatic cysteine indicate that up to a concentration of approximately 0.5 mumol/g cysteine is a key determinant of hepatic GSH, such that the physiological steady-state concentration of GSH in the liver appears to be mainly determined by the availability of cysteine. At higher concentrations GSH does not increase further, possibly due to feedback inhibition of GSH synthesis or increased efflux.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Hagen, T. M., G. T. Wierzbicka, A. H. Sillau, B. B. Bowman, and D. P. Jones. "Bioavailability of dietary glutathione: effect on plasma concentration." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 259, no. 4 (October 1, 1990): G524—G529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1990.259.4.g524.

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Plasma glutathione (GSH) concentration in rats increased from approximately 15 to 30 microM after administration of GSH either as a liquid bolus (30 mumol) or mixed (2.5-50 mg/g) in AIN-76 semisynthetic diet. GSH concentration was maximal at 90-120 min after GSH administration and remained high for over 3 h. Administration of the amino acid precursors of GSH had little or no effect on plasma GSH values, indicating that GSH catabolism and resynthesis do not account for the increased GSH concentration seen. Inhibition of GSH synthesis and degradation by L-buthionine-[S,R]-sulfoximine and acivicin showed that the increased plasma GSH came mostly from absorption of intact GSH instead of from its metabolism. Plasma protein-bound GSH also increased after GSH administration, with a time course similar to that observed for free plasma GSH. Thus dietary GSH can be absorbed intact and results in a substantial increase in blood plasma GSH. This indicates that oral supplementation may be useful to enhance tissue availability of GSH.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "GSH"

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Guo, Ningning. "GSH : a new candidate neuropeptide in the CNS." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29856.

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The physiological significance of glutathione (GSH) in the mammalian central nervous system is still uncertain, although some evidence has indicated that GSH may play an important role in the CNS. To address the question of whether GSH may be a candidate for a neuropeptide in the CNS, one step is to establish that GSH receptors are present. In the present study, biotinyl-GSH was synthesized and purified to detect the GSH receptor in the CNS. Histochemical experiments showed that GSH binding sites appeared on the white matter ( such as cingulum, dorsal hippocampal commissure, cerebral peduncle, fasciculus retrbflexus, mammillothalamic tract etc.) of the rat brain. It thus suggested that the GSH receptors might be on astrocytes or oligodendrocytes. Radioactive receptor assays were performed on cultured astrocytocytes using [³⁵S]GSH. Scatchard analysis revealed two binding sites of K₁ = 4.67±0.75 nM, Bmax₂ =70±9.2 fmoles / 6.4 x10⁵ cells (or Bmax₁=6.6 x10⁴molecules / cell), Kd₂=35.14±2.1 nM, Bmax₂=260±12.77 fmole / 6.4 x10⁵ cell (or Bmax₂ = 2.4 x10⁵ molecules / cell). The association and dissociation kinetics studies gave a K₊₁ of 0.003nM⁻¹min¹, and a K₋₁ of 0.0168 min⁻¹for site I. These rate constants gave a K₁ of 5.6 nM, consistent with that from Scatchard analysis. Colloidal gold technique and immunofluorescence double staining also showed the GSH binding sites on cultured astrocytes, and suggested that the binding sites might be GSH receptors. The present study is the first to report the presence of GSH receptors on astrocytes. Based on receptor binding assays and cytochemical experiments, this study not only depicts the biochemical characteristics of GSH receptors in the brain, but also shows the receptor at the cellular level. These results support the view that GSH might be a neuroactively signal substance in the CNS.
Medicine, Faculty of
Graduate
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Govender, Prenevin. "Retrospective review of radical cystectomies at GSH 1993-2007." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10503.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-59).
The objective of the thesis was to look at the epidemiology of patients needing this procedure, clinical presentation and investigation, pathology, complications related to the procedure, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment, and survival.
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Atar, Murat [Verfasser]. "Synthese und photophysikalische Untersuchung von phthalimidbasierten modularen Fluoreszenzsonden zur Detektion von ROS, GSH/GST und Cyanid / Murat Atar." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1161250433/34.

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Igbaria, Aeid. "Functional redox compartmentation of GSH in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112189.

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L'oxydation des résidus cystéines est une modification biochimique très répandue survenant dans tous les compartiments des cellules eucaryotes. Ce phénomène sert le repliement oxydatif des protéines dans le réticulum endoplasmique (RE), l'importation de protéines dans l'espace intermembranaire de la mitochondrie (IMS). De plus, il a un rôle régulateur dans la matrice mitochondriale et dans le cytosol où il contrôle l’activité des enzymes et des protéines de signalisation et de régulation. Dans tous ces procédés, la réversibilité de l'oxydation des résidus Cys est une caractéristique essentielle. Deux systèmes oxydoréductase puissants existent : les voies de glutathion (GSH) et la thiorédoxine ; ils catalysent la réduction des ponts disulfure, et contrôlent la plupart des processus cellulaires thiol-redox dépendant. Cependant, en dépit d'énormes connaissances portant sur leur enzymologie, peu est connu sur les caractéristiques physiologiques de ces systèmes chez les eucaryotes. Pour déterminer l'importance physiologique de ces systèmes et indiquer lequel est à la base de l'exigence du GSH pour la viabilité, nous avons effectué une analyse complète des cellules de levure épuisée ou contenant des niveaux toxiques de GSH. Les deux conditions déclenchent une réponse « iron-starvation-like » et une altération de l'activité des enzymes d’assemblage des centres fer-soufre (Iron sulfure cluster : ISC) extra-mitochondriales. Cependant, elles n’ont pas d'impact sur l’entretien thiol redox, à l’exception des niveaux élevés de glutathion qui ont altéré le repliement oxydatif des protéines dans le reticulum endoplasmique. Alors que le fer sauve partiellement la maturation des ISC et les défauts de croissance des cellules appauvries eh GSH, des expériences génétiques ont indiqué que, contrairement à la thiorédoxine, le glutathion ne peut pas assurer par lui-même les fonctions thiol-redox de la cellule. Nous proposons que le glutathion soit essentiel par son exigence dans l’assemblage des centres fer-soufre, mais ne serve comme backup que pour maintenir l’état thiol-redox de la cellule. Des niveaux physiologiques élevés de GSH sont ainsi destinés à isoler sa fonction dans le métabolisme du fer des variations de sa concentration pendant le stress redox, ce qui constitue un modèle contestant la vision traditionnelle du GSH comme acteur primordial du contrôle thiol-redox cytosolique.Nos données préliminaires sur la distribution de GSH dans les cellules recueillies par lasurveillance de l'état redox de rxYFP ciblée pour différents compartiments cellulaires (RE,Matrice, cytosol et IMS) dans les cellules HGT1 indiquent un transport spécifique du GSH vers le RE et l'exportation de GSSG de ce compartiment. Nous avons pu caractériser deuxtransporteurs ABC dont la suppression modifie le RE plus oxydant et entraîne une accumulation de GSSG par rapport aux cellules sauvages. Ces données ont été confirmées par le suivi de l'état redox de PDI1 et ERO1 (WT et hyper active). Elles suggèrent un rôle de ces transporteurs dans l'exportation du GSSG du la RE, et que le flux de GSH entre les différents compartiments est très régulé
Cys residue oxidation is a widespread biochemical modification occurring in all eukaryotic cells compartments. It serves oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), protein import in the intermembrane space of mitochondria (IMS), and it has a regulatory role in the mitochondrial matrix and in the cytosol where it controls enzymes and signaling regulatory proteins activity. In all these processes, reversibility of Cys residue oxidation is a crucial feature. Two potent oxidoreductase systems, the glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin pathways, catalyze disulfide bond reduction, and presumably control most thiol-redox-dependent cellular processes. However, despite tremendous knowledge of their enzymology, little is known about the physiological features of these systems in eukaryotes. To determine the physiologic importance of these functions and sort out which of them accounts for the GSH requirement for viability, we performed a comprehensive analysis of yeast cells depleted of or containing toxic levels of GSH. Both conditions triggered an intense iron-starvation-like response and impaired the activity of extra-mitochondrial ISC enzymes, but did not impact thiol-redox maintenance, except high glutathione levels that altered oxidative protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum. While iron partially rescued the ISC maturation and growth defects of GSH-depleted cells, genetic experiments indicated that unlike thioredoxin, glutathione could not support by itself the thiolredox duties of the cell. We propose that glutathione is essential by its requirement in ISC assembly but only serves as a thioredoxin back up in cytosolic thiol-redox maintenance. Glutathione high physiologic levels are thus meant to insulate its function in iron metabolism from variations of its concentration during redox stresses, a model challenging the traditional view of it as prime actor in cytosolic thiol-redox control.Our preliminary data on the distribution of GSH inside cells collected by monitoring the redox state of rxYFP targeted to different cell compartments (ER, Matrix, Cytosol and IMS) in HGT1 cells indicate a specific transport of GSH into the ER and export of GSSG out of it. We were able to characterize two ABC transporters on which their deletion modify the redox state of the ER to more oxidizing and result in accumulation of higher GSSG content compared to WT. These data were confirmed by looking to the redox state of the PDI1 and ERO1 (WT and hyper active), all together suggest a role of these transporters in GSSG export from the ER, and that GSH flux between the different compartments is highly regulated
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Cruzat, Vinicius Fernandes. "Efeito da suplementação com L-glutamina livre e na forma de dipeptídeo sobre eixo glutamina-glutationa, sistema imune, sistema inflamatório e vias de sinalização proteica em camundongos submetidos à endotoxemia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9132/tde-23052013-152405/.

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A sepse é a principal causa de morte em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTIs) no mundo. A reduzida disponibilidade do aminoácido mais abundante do organismo, a glutamina contribui para o complicado estado catabólico da sepse. No presente estudo investigamos os efeitos da suplementação oral com L-glutamina e L-alanina (GLN+ALA), ambos na norma livre e como dipeptídeo, L-alanil-L-glutamina (DIP), sobre o eixo glutamina-glutationa (GSH), sistema imune, inflamação, proteínas de choque térmico (HSPs) e expressão de genes envolvidos com vias de sinalização proteica em animais endotoxêmicos. Camundongos C57/B6 foram submetidos à endotoxemia (Escherichia coli LPS, 5 mg.kg-1, grupo LPS) e suplementados por 48 horas com L-glutamina (1 g.kg-1) e L-alanina (0,61 g.kg-1, grupo GLN+ALA-LPS) ou 1,49 g.kg-1 de DIP (grupo DIP-LPS). A endotoxemia promoveu depleção da concentração de glutamina no plasma (71%), músculo esquelético (50%) e fígado (49%), quando comparado ao grupo CTRL, sendo restauradas nos grupos DIP-LPS e GLN+ALA-LPS (P<0,05), fato que atenuou a redução da GSH e o estado redox (taxa GSSG/GSH) em eritrócitos circulantes, musculo e fígado (P<0,05). A suplementação em animais endotoxêmicos resultou em uma upregulation dos genes GSR, GPX1 e GCLC no músculo e fígado. A concentração das citocinas plasmáticasTNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β e IL-10 foi atenuada pelas suplementações, bem como a expressão de mRNAs envolvidos com a resposta inflamatória, ativadas pela via do NF-κB(P<0,05). Concomitantemente, verificou-se aumento da capacidade proliferativa de linfócitos T e B circulantes nos grupos GLN+ALA-LPS e DIP-LPS. A expressão de mRNAs e a concentração de HSPs no tecido muscular foi restabelecida pelas suplementações, contudo, a expressão mRNAs relacionados às vias de síntese e degradação proteica foi somente estimulada no tecido hepático(P<0,05). Os resultados do presente estudo demonstram que a suplementação por via oral com GLN+ALA ou DIP podem ser utilizados clinicamente como métodos nutricionais em reverter o quadro de depressão da disponibilidade de glutamina corporal da sepse induzida por LPS, tendo impacto no eixo glutamina-glutationa, sistema imune e inflamatório.
Sepsis is the leading cause of death inintensive care units (ICUs) in the world.The availability ofthe most abundant amino acid in the body, glutamine, is reduced in this situation, fact that contribute to the complicated catabolic state of sepsis. In the present study, we investigated the effects of oral supplementation with L-glutamine and L-alanine (GLN+ALA), both in their free form and as a dipeptide, L-alanyl-L-glutamine (DIP) on glutamine-glutathione axis (GSH), immune and inflammatory system, heat shock proteins (HSPs) expression and gene expressions involved in protein signaling pathways during endotoxemia. C57/B6 mice were subjected to endotoxemia (Escherichia coli LPS, 5 mg.kg-1, LPS group) and supplemented for 48 hours with L-glutamine (1 g.kg-1) plus L-alanine(0.61 g.kg-1, GLN+ALA-LPS group) or 1.49 g.kg-1of DIP (DIP-LPS group). Endotoxemia promoted depletion glutamine concentration in plasma (71%), skeletal muscle (50%) and liver (49%), when compared to the CTRL group, and was restored in the DIP-LPS e GLN+ALA-LPS (P<0.05), fact that attenuate the reduction of GSH and the redox state (GSSG/GSH rate) in circulating erythrocytes, liver and muscle (P<0.05). Supplementations in endotoxemic mice resulted in upregulation of GSR, GCLC and GPX1 genes in muscle and liver. Plasma concentration of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-10 were attenuated by supplementation as well as the expression of mRNAs involved in the inflammatory response, activated by NFκ-B pathway (P <0.05). At the same time, high proliferative capacity of circulating T and B lymphocytes GLN+ALA-LPS e DIP-LPS were observed. HSPs (protein and mRNAs) and in muscle were restored by the supplements, however, the mRNAs expression related to the synthesis and degradation of protein pathways was only stimulated in the liver (P <0.05). Our results demonstrate that oral supplementation with GLN+ALA or DIP can be used as clinically nutritional methods to reverse the depression of body glutamine availability during sepsis induced by LPS, impacting on the glutamine-glutathione axis, immune and inflammatory system.
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İlhan, Mücahit Aydoğan Nevres Hürriyet. "Gonartrozlu hastalarda viskosuplementasyon sonrası MDA, DOS, GSH-Px ve katalaz düzeyleri /." Isparta : SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi, 2006. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TT00254.pdf.

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RABELO, Natielle Ferreira. "Influência da glutationa (GSH) nos registros eletrorretinográficos de ratos wistar adultos." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/8134.

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A glutationa (GSH) é uma molécula que intervêm em diversos processos biológicos, conhecida principalmente pela sua ação antioxidante. Atualmente, esse tripeptídeo constituído de glutamato, cisteína e glicina têm sido amplamente estudados pela sua possível ação como neurotransmissor e nuromodulador no CNS. No presente trabalho foi avaliada a ação dessa molécula através do eletrorretinograma, para avaliar a resposta em massa da retina, produzida após estimulação luminosa. Métodos: foram realizadas injeções intravítreas de GSH em diferentes concentrações (1, 5 e 10 mM) e de PBS (controle) em ratos Wistar. O protocolo de avaliação consistiu de 6 estímulos em diferentes condições de adaptação: resposta Escotópica de bastonetes e resposta Escotópica máxima, após adaptação ao escuro de pelo menos 12h; resposta Fotópica de cones, após 10 min de adaptação ao claro, com a utilização de filtros para a avaliação da subpopulações de cones UV e S; e a resposta ao estímulo de flicker em 12 Hz. Os principais parâmetros analisados foram as amplitudes das ondas –a e –b e seus respectivos tempos implícitos e a amplitude das ondas –b do flicker. RESULTADOS: os resultados mostram alterações nas respostas com a diminuição da amplitude da ondab do ERG em todos os estímulos. Quando realizado o teste de múltiplas comparações, foram observadas diferenças entre os grupos controle e GSH 5mM e GSH 10mM. Alterações na amplitude da onda-a só foram observados na resposta Escotópica máxima, com significativa diminuição da amplitude. Os tempo de latência das respostas não apresentaram alterações em nenhum grupo avaliado. DISCUSSÃO: as células de Muller na retina contém grande quantidade de GSH e podem atuar ativamente na modulação das respostas glutamatérgicas e glicinérgicas; além disso, já foi mostrado que a GSH induz a liberação de GABA na retina, o que pode explicar a diminuição das amplitudes observadas pela super-ativação de alguma via inibitória. CONCLUSÃO: o presente trabalho vem colaborar com a hipótese de que a GSH atue como neuromodulador no SNC, com significativas alterações inibitórias após sua administração na retina.
Glutathione (GSH) is a molecule involved in many biological processes, known primarily for its antioxidant. Currently , this tripeptide composed of glutamate , cysteine and glycine has been widely studied for its possible action as a neurotransmitter in the CNS and nuromodulador . The present study evaluated the action of this molecule through the electroretinogram, to evaluate the mass response of the retina, produced after light stimulation. Methods: GSH intravitreal injections were performed at different concentrations (1 , 5 and 10 mM) and PBS ( control) in Wistar rats. The assessment protocol consisted of 6 stimuli in different conditions of adaptation: Scotopic response of rods and Scotopic maximal response after dark adaptation of at least 12h ; photopic cone response after 10 min of adaptation to the course, with the use of filters subpopulations for the evaluation of UV and S cones , and the response to the stimulus flicker at 12 Hz. The main parameters were the amplitudes of the waves -a and- b and their implicit time, and b-wave amplitude of the flicker. RESULTS: The results show changes in response, with decrease in b-wave amplitude of the ERG in all stimuli . When done the test of multiple comparisons, differences were observed between the control group and 5 mM GSH and 10 mM GSH . Changes in the amplitude of a-wave only observed in Scotopic maximal response, with a significant decrease in the amplitude. The latency time of the responses showed no changes in any individual group. DISCUSSION: The retinal Muller cells contains a large amount of GSH and may act actively in the modulation of glutamate and glycinergic responses, also has been shown that GSH induces the release of GABA in the retina, which may explain the decrease of the amplitudes observed by over- activation of an inhibitory pathway. CONCLUSION: The present work supporting the hypothesis that GSH acts as a neuromodulator in the CNS, with significant inibitory changes in the retina after administration .
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Čijauskaitė, Kristina. "Cinko ir selenito jonų įtaka redukuoto glutationo koncentracijai ir lipidų peroksidacijai kadmiu paveiktų laboratorinių pelių kepenyse." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215121-90540.

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Buvo nustatyta, kad redukuoto glutationo koncentraciją pelių kepenyse kadmis padidino po 8 val. 35 proc., o po 14 dienų sumažino 35 proc. Po 8 val., tiek cinkas, tiek selenas taip pat padidino redukuoto glutationo koncentraciją, atitinkamai, 27 proc. ir 17 proc. Įvertinant malondialdehido koncentraciją pelių kepenyse, buvo nustatyta, kad kadmis padidino malondialdehido koncentraciją po 8, 24 val. ir 14 dienų, atitinkamai, 336 proc., 218 proc. ir 182 proc. Veikiant cinkui ir selenui, malondialdehido koncentracija pelių kepenyse padidėjo po 24 val. ir 14 dienų, atitinkamai, 325 proc. ir 437 proc., o po 14 dienų, atitinkamai, 162 proc. ir 288 proc. Taigi, cinkas pajėgus apsaugoti redukuotą glutationą nuo oksidacijos tik 8 val., o po ilgesnio laiko redukuotas glutationas išeikvojamas. Po 8 ir 24 val. tiek cinkas, tiek selenas pelių kepenyse geba apsaugoti lipidus nuo peroksidacijos, o po 14 dienų redukuotą glutationą nuo oksidacijos ir lipidus nuo peroksidacijos apsaugo tik žaliosios arbatos ekstraktas.
It was determined, that after 8 h cadmium increased glutathione concentration by 35 % while after 14 days decreased by 35 %. After 8 h both zinc and selenium also increased reduced glutathione concentration, respectively, 27 % and 17 %. Evaluating malondialdehyde concentration in mice liver, it was established, that cadmium increased malondialdehyde concentration after 8, 24 h and 14 days, respectively, 336 %, 218 % and 182 %. When mice liver were affected with zinc and selenium, malondialdehyde concentration increased after 24 h, respectively, 325 % and 437 % and after 14 days, respectively, 162 % and 288 %. To sum up, zinc can protect reduced glutathione from oxidation in mice liver just for 8 h, and after a longer period reduced glutathione is depleted. After 8, 24 h and 14 days both, zinc and selenium are eager to protect liver from lipid peroxidation and after 14 days reduced glutathione from oxidation. Lipids from peroxidation process can protect only green tea extract.
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Cortés, Troncoso Juan. "Actividad GSH Transferásica Citosólica de Hígado de Rata: Susceptibilidad a Iones Hierro." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2007. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105645.

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Memoria para optar al título de Químico Farmacéutico
Previamente hemos demostrado que el sistema Cu2+/ascorbato puede inhibir la actividad enzimática de algunas proteínas tiólicas a través de dos mecanismos: oxidación inducida por ROS y unión inespecífica de Cu2+ a dichas proteínas. Así por ejemplo, la actividad GSH-transferásica citosólica total fue inhibida por Cu2+ 50 μM ya sea en ausencia o presencia de ascorbato. Al igual que el cobre, el hierro es un metal de transición y sus iones generan ROS a través de las reacciones de Haber Wiess y/o Fenton. Por lo tanto, los iones Fe3+ podrían por un lado oxidar grupos tiólicos de proteínas como también unirse a ellos inespecíficamente, inhibiendo así su actividad biológica. En este trabajo describimos la inhibición de la actividad GSH-transferásica total citosólica de hígado de rata inducida por Fe3+/ascorbato. Esta actividad enzimática fue inhibida por concentraciones micromolares de Fe3+ en presencia de ascorbato, efecto que fue revertido por DTT y cisteína de una forma concentración-respuesta. Este efecto inhibitorio se describe en función de los parámetros cinéticos aparentes de la GST-transferasa. Por otra parte, Fe3+/ascorbato redujo el contenido de tioles microsómicos. Sin embargo, concentraciones micromolares de Fe3+ en ausencia de ascorbato, no alteraron la actividad control de la GSH-transferásica, a pesar de que se ensayaron concentraciones hasta 500 μM. Cabe señalar además, que en nuestras condiciones de ensayo, la capacidad redox de los iones Fe3+ fue menor que la de Cu2+, ya que se necesitaron mayores concentraciones de estos iones para obtener efectos lipoperoxidativos microsómicos similares (Fe3+ 250 μM vs Cu2+ 250 ηM). Los mecanismos que pueden explicar las diferencias observadas entre los iones cobre e hierro, se discuten al final de este manuscrito
We previously reported that Cu2+/ascorbate may change some enzymatic activities of thiol proteins through two mechanisms: ROS-induced oxidation and unspecific Cu2+ binding to it. Thus, total cytosolic GST activity was inhibited by 50 or more μM Cu2+ concentrations in either absence or presence of ascorbate. Similar to copper, iron is also a transition metal and the iron ions also generate ROS through Haber Weiss and/or Fenton reactions. Thus, iron ions may alter the biological activity of thiol proteins through ROS-induced oxidation and also by Fe3+-binding to protein’s thiol groups. The present work describes the inhibition of total cytosolic GST activity from rat liver by Fe3+/ascorbate. Micromolar Fe3+ in the presence of ascorbate inhibited the total cytosolic GST activity, inhibition which was prevented by DTT and cysteine as a concentrationdependent manner. We further described this inhibition effect in terms of GST apparent kinetic parameters. In the similar assay conditions Fe3+/ascorbate reduced the microsomal thiol content. Interestingly, μM Fe3+ in the absence of ascorbate did not affect GST activity, although until 500 μM Fe3+ was used. Moreover, to develop similar microsomal lipoperoxidative effects, a greater iron ions concentration (250 μM Fe3+/ascorbate) than of copper (250 ηM Cu2+/ascorbate) was needed. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms which could explain the differences between copper and iron ions observed
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Rabello, Celia Maria de Almeida. "An investigation of the effects of variation in drug metabolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia undergoing continuing therapy." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308017.

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Books on the topic "GSH"

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Gutman, Jimmy. Glutathione (GSH): Your body's most powerful healing agent. Montréal: G& S Health Books, 2000.

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Sheila, Buff, ed. The GSH phenomenon: Nature's most powerful antioxidant and healing agent. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997.

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22 gvardeĭskai︠a︡ otdelʹnai︠a︡ brigada spet︠s︡naz: Istorii︠a︡ 22 gvardeĭskoĭ otdelʹnoĭ brigady spet︠s︡ialʹnogo naznachenii︠a︡ v vospominanii︠a︡kh soldat i serzhantov, ofit︠s︡erov i generalov : 35-letii︠u︡ obrazovanii︠a︡ 22-ĭ gvardeĭskoĭ otdelʹnoĭ brigady spet︠s︡naz GRU GSh VS SSSR posvi︠a︡shchaetsi︠a︡. Moskva: Russkai︠a︡ panorama, 2011.

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Dick, Claésson, ed. GDH. Göteborg: Litterär gestaltning, Göteborgs universitet, 2010.

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Fulker, Tina. Gash! Nottingham, England: Slowdancer, 1993.

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Bleasdale, Alan. GBH. London: Hutchinson, 1987.

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Ṅag-dbaṅ-rgya-mtsho and Quan guo zhong deng Zang yi jiao cai bian shen wei yuan hui., eds. Mo nad gso ba: Byis pa gso ba ; Gdon nad gso ba. Zi-liṅ: Mtsho-sṅon mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 1987.

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Säily, Mikko, Guillaume Sébire, and Eddie Riddington, eds. GSM/EDGE. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470669624.

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Proceedings, of the Third International Symposium on the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule and Its Extensions (. GDH 2004. Singapore: World Scientific Publishing, 2005.

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Stag-tshaṅ Lo-tsā-ba Śes-rab-rin-chen, b. 1405., ed. Gso rig. Pe-cin: Mi rigs dpe skrun khaṅ, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "GSH"

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Aw, Tak Yee, Xiaoqin Shan, Diane L. Tribble, and Dean P. Jones. "Cellular Gsh Metabolism During Hypoxia." In Selective Activation of Drugs by Redox Processes, 337–53. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3768-7_31.

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Schmidt, Maike M., and Ralf Dringen. "Glutathione (GSH) Synthesis and Metabolism." In Neural Metabolism In Vivo, 1029–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1788-0_36.

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Bolt, H. M. "Human GSH-Transferase in Risk Assessment." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 405–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9480-9_49.

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Fazi, Antonio, Umberto Mancini, Elena Piatti, Augusto Accorsi, and Mauro Magnani. "Xenobiotic Detoxification by GSH-Loaded Erythrocytes." In The Use of Resealed Erythrocytes as Carriers and Bioreactors, 195–201. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3030-5_24.

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Fischer, Matthias J. "The GSH Distribution Family and Skew Versions." In Generalized Hyperbolic Secant Distributions, 15–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-45138-6_2.

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Jiang, Yimin, and Mario Liu. "On Why and Where GSH Is Rate-Independent." In Desiderata Geotechnica, 75–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-14987-1_8.

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Edgren, Margareta R. "Oxygen Enhancement of Radiosensitivity and Nuclear GSH Content." In The Early Effects of Radiation on DNA, 363–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75148-6_37.

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Pardasani, R. T., and P. Pardasani. "Effective magnetic moment of Na4Cr(gsh)4⋅8H2O." In Magnetic Properties of Paramagnetic Compounds, 661. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23675-4_602.

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Bhattacharya, Jharna. "Erythrocytic GSH Level and Stability in Plasmodium Vivax Malaria." In Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications, 373–96. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7432-8_31.

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Nabi, Shabnum. "Toxic Responses of the Plasma Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)." In Toxic Effects of Mercury, 139–43. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1922-4_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "GSH"

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Thadeus, Maria Selvester, Tiwuk Susantiningsih, and Agneta Irmarahayu. "The Study of Antioxidant Endogenous Levels of Obesity Mice That Induced by 2-Nitropropane." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.09.

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ABSTRACT Background: Obesity are linked to more deaths worldwide. In obesity, there will be dysregulation of growth signals such as tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, as well as chronic minimalist inflammation that lasts a long time. The mechanism by which 2-NP causes toxicity is poorly understood. This study aimed to determine the effect of induction of 2-Nitropropane in obesity mice on antioxidant status seen from MDA, and GSH enzyme specific activity. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial with posttest-only control group design conducted at Biochemstry Laboratory, with laboratory experimental research. A sample of 20 mice were selected and then randomized into 4 groups: N (normal control), O (obesity control), 2NP1x (obesity mice induced by 2-Nitropropane 20mg/kgBW once), and 2NP2x (obesity mice induced by 2-Nitropropane 20 mg/kg twice). The dependent variable was MDA levels. The independent variable was obesity mice. The mice in the intervention group were treated with induction of 2-Nitropropane. The difference of MDA levels, GSH levels between groups was compared and tested by one way Anova. Results: After intervention, mean of MDA Level group 2NP2x (Mean= 4.99; SD= 1.05) was highest than group N (Mean= 2.49; SD= 0.37), O (Mean= 3.77; SD= 0.41) and 2NP1x (Mean= 4.48; SD= 0.69), and it was statistically significant (p< 0.001). After intervention, mean of GSH Level group 2NP2x (Mean= 0.86; SD= 0.02) was lowest than group N (Mean= 1.72; SD= 0.23), O (Mean= 1.44; SD= 0.19), and 2NP1x (Mean= 0.95; SD= 0.04), it was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Conclusions: Induction of 2-Nitropropane 20mg/kgBW once and twice had an effect on decreasing of oxidative status of obesity mice with increasing of MDA liver level (p< 0,000) compared to normal control (N). A decreased endogenous antioxidant status of obesity mice was seen from decreasing GSH activity liver level of obesity mice that induced by 2-Nitropropane 20mg/kgBW once and twice (p< 0.000) compared with normal controls (N). There was an increase in MDA levels in the liver of mice and a decrease in the specific activity of the liver GSH enzyme in obese mice as a sign of oxidative stress after 2-Nitropropane induction. Keywords: 2-Nitropropane, Obesity, MDA, GSH. Correspondence: Maria Selvester Thadeus. Faculty of Medicine, UPN Veteran, Jakarta. Jl. RS Fatmawati No 1 Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. E-mail: maria_fkupn@yahoo.co.id. Mobile: +628129355354 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.09
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Vlasiuc, Ion, Valeriu Cociu, Savelie Balanescu, Mihail Popovici, and Victoria Buza. "Influiența preparatului E-SELEN asupra statusului antioxidant la vaci în perioada de tranziție și lactație timpurie." In International symposium ”Functional ecology of animals” dedicated to the 70th anniversary from the birth of academician Ion Toderas. Institute of Zoology, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53937/9789975315975.27.

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The purpose of the research was to determine and monitor the influence of E-Selen supliment on the antioxidant status of Flecvieh cows during the transition and early lactation period as well as all changes during this period. Determined parameters were GSH-Px; TAC; ROM; MAS. Most significant changes was observed in TAC and GSH-Px. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the plasma during transition period in the experimental group is characterized by an increase in its value, compared to antepartum, and in the control group by a decrease; and maintaining higher values compared to the control group in the postpartum period. Results obtained in the dynamics of (GSH-Px) in plasma, characterized by maintaining a higher level in the experimental group compared to the control group, beginning with 20 days antepartum and ending 30 days p/p. Balance of antioxidant status during the transition and onset of lactation is of major importance for the state of metabolic health in highly productive milk cows. Administration of the E-Selen supplement to cows, 30 days before parturition, had an influence on antioxidant status indices, expressed by maintaining their positive dynamics compared to control group.
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Erzhen, Zen, Lu Yung-Cai, Wang Jain, Shi Fang, Lia Xiaoqing, Zhou Yulin, Jia Xudong, and Gou Zhaozheng. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF CHINESE MEDICINAL RHAPONTICUM UNIFLORUM DC IN PREVENTING CORONARY HEART DISEASE." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643029.

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The mechanism of Rhaponticum Uniflorum DC in preventing coronary heart disease was studied in vivo and in vitro. TBA fluorescent method was used to determine lipid peroxides (Lpo) and double analysis method was used to determine glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and fluorescent polarization of DPH probed membrane fluidity of smooth muscle cell (SMC).Rabbits were fed with high fat diet for 120 days. At the end of experiment, all the animals acquired hyperlipidemia and developed atheroma lesions in aorta and/or coronary. It was found that hyperlipidemia caused a rising of Lpo in blood (from 2.6±0.56 in control up to 8.48±3.28 nmol/ml) and in arterial wall (from 6.75±0.59 in control up to 31.94±4.20 nmol/g protein) and a decreasing of GSH-Px activity in arterial wall (from 0.210±0.095 down to 0.056±0.026 EU/g protein); concomitantly, an increase in microviscosity of arterial SMC membrane (from 1.93±0.04 in control up to 3.49±0.92 poise) which reflects a decrease in fluidity of SMC membrane. Lpo level was higher in plaque area (113.70±46.14 nmol/g protein) than in non-plaque area (58.32±12.69 nmol/g protein). GSH-Px activity level was lower in plaque area (0.0052±0.0014 EU/g protein) than in non-plaque area (0.015+0.0014 EU/g protein). Microviscosity of SMC membrane was higher in plaque area (2.92±0.35 poise) than in non-plaque area (2.26±0.24 poise, p<0.02). By comparison, the rabbits received Rhaponticum Uniflorum DC and VE showed much lowering of Lpo level in arterial wall (down to 10.74±1.61 and 9.93±1.17 nmol/g protein) and decreasing of microviscosity (down to 2.05+0.45 and 2.08+0.50 poise) that is increasing of membrane fluidity of arterial SMC membrane, but GSH-Px activity in arterial wall was keeping at lower level (0.036±0.027 and 0.051±0.027 EU/g protein). The atheroma lesions develped in these two group animals were less severe and fewer in number.
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Wadallah YOUSIF, Salwan, and Khansaa Azeez YONIS. "ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF (DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS L.) ON MICE EXPOSED TO OXIDATIVE STRESS." In VIII.International ScientificCongressofPure,AppliedandTechnological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress8-17.

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This study aims to investigated the antioxidant effect of the aqueous extract of cloves (Dianthus caryophyllus.L) at a concentration of, 150 mg / kg of body weight. on stress oxidative induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2 at a concentration of 1% on male mice Swiss, as some biochemical variables were measured in blood serum, such as vitamin C and vitamin E,The level of glutathione was also measured GSH and malondialdehyde MDA, and the superoxide enzyme dysmutasis SOD, where the results showed that the treatment with H2O2 led to a significant decrease compared with the control group, treatment with an aqueous extract of cloves at a concentration of. 150 mg / kg, a significant increase (P ≤ 05.0) in the level of vitamin E, C, SOD, and GSH, so a decrease significantly (P ≤ 05.0) in the MDA in the groups that were treated with it compared with the control group. We conclude that the aqueous extract of cloves has an antioxidant effect on exposed mice for oxidative stress
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Kesić, Ana S., Snežana Radisavljević, and Biljana V. Petrović. "SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF THE MONOFUNCTIONAL GOLD(III) COMPLEX AND SULPHUR-DONOR BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT LIGANDS." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.391k.

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Gold(III) complexes have found application in catalysis, materials science and medical inorganic chemistry. Considering that the right choice of inert ligands in the structure of Au(III) complexes is crucial for their properties and reactivity toward biomolecules, we have studied the substitution reactions between monofunctional Au(III) complex, [Au(Cl-Ph-tpy)Cl]Cl2 (Cl- Ph-tpy = 4′-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2′:6′, 2″-terpyridine) and sulfur-donor biomolecules, glutathione (GSH) and L-methionine (L-Met), in 25 mM Hepes buffer (pH = 7.2) and 40 mM NaCl. The reactions were followed under the pseudo-first-order conditions as a function of ligand concentration and temperature, using the stopped-flow technique. Calculations were made by Microsoft Excel 2019 and Origin2019b 64Bit. Observed kinetics traces follow a single exponential function, suggesting that the process of the substitution undergoes as one reversible step. Also, L-Met was more reactive than GSH. This order is related to the positive inductive effect of the methyl group, which increases the nucleophilicity of the thioether. According to the values of the activation parameters, the reactions follow an associative model. These results demonstrate the strong connection between the reactivity of Au(III) complexes and the structural and electronic characteristics of the biologically important ligands.
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Šmit, Biljana, Asija Halilagić, Enisa Selimović, Jelena Katanić Stanković, Nikola Srećković, and Tanja Soldatović. "STUDIES OF SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS WITH IMPORTANT BIOMOLECULES AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NOVEL ZN(II)-L-CU(II) COMPLEXES." In 1st INTERNATIONAL Conference on Chemo and BioInformatics. Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/iccbi21.328s.

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New dinuclear Zn(II)-L-Cu(II) complexes with different bridging ligands were synthesized. Interactions of these complexes with biologically important nucleophiles, 5′-GMP, 5′-IMP and GSH, were investigated by Uv-Vis spectrofotometric method. The distances between the metal ions lead to less reactivity of both centers due to reduced electronic communication between them and an increasing of electron density on the metal centers itself. Both complexes showed moderate antimicrobial activity against most of the tested bacterial and fungal strains.
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Bo Zhang, Xiao-qin Wang, Hanying Chen, Qiusheng Zheng, and Xin Li. "The role of GSH depletion in Resveratrol induced HeLa cell apoptosis." In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Systems Biology (ISB). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isb.2011.6033113.

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van Tellingen, Olaf, Dieta Brandsma, Chantal C. M. Appeldoorn, M. Francesca Manca, Jaap Rip, Rick Dorland, Joan M. R. van Kregten, Willem J. Boogerd, Jos H. Beijnen, and Pieter J. Gaillard. "Abstract 5537: GSH-conjugation improves efficacy of Doxil against intracranial xenografts." In Proceedings: AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010‐‐ Apr 17‐21, 2010; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am10-5537.

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Mihajlović, Katarina, Vladimir Jakovljević, Jovana Bradić, Maja Savić, Marina Nikolić, and Jasmina Sretenović. "ASSESSMENT OF GALIUM VERUM EXTRACT SUPPLEMENTATION ON REDOX HOMEOSTASIS IN PSORIATIC RAT MODEL." In 2nd International Symposium on Biotechnology. Faculty of Agronomy in Čačak, University of Kragujevac, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt29.77km.

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Psoriasis lacks comprehensive data on its systemic oxidative impact. This study explores Galium verum extract’s influence on systemic oxidative state in psoriatic rats. Twenty-four male W.albino rats were divided into control (CTRL), psoriasis (PSORI) and psoriasis treated with G.verum extract (PSORI+GV) groups. Blood samples analyzed for redox state biomarkers revealed increased TBARS levels in PSORI vs CTRL and PSORI+GV. PSORI exhibited significantly lower nitrite levels compared to CTRL and PSORI+GV, with elevated O2- and H2O2 levels. GSH and SOD values were reduced in PSORI and PSORI+GV, while catalase activity increased. G.verum extract positively modulated psoriatic rat redox state.
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Jiang, Yimin, Mario Liu, Masami Nakagawa, and Stefan Luding. "GSH, or Granular Solid Hydrodynamics: on the Analogy between Sand and Polymers." In POWDERS AND GRAINS 2009: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROMECHANICS OF GRANULAR MEDIA. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3179836.

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Reports on the topic "GSH"

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Amir, Rachel, David J. Oliver, Gad Galili, and Jacline V. Shanks. The Role of Cysteine Partitioning into Glutathione and Methionine Synthesis During Normal and Stress Conditions. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7699850.bard.

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The objective of this research is to study the nature of the competition for cysteine (Cys), the first organic sulfur-containing compound, between its two main metabolites, glutathione (GSH) and methionine (Met). GSH plays a central role in protecting plants during various stresses, while Met, an essential amino acid, regulates essential processes and metabolites in plant cells through its metabolite S-adenosyl-Met. Our results, which are based on flux analysis and measurements of Met- metabolites, show that the flux towards Met synthesis is high during non-stress conditions, however the flux is significantly reduced under stress conditions, when there is high synthesis of GSH. Under oxidative stress the expression level of the regulatory enzyme of Met synthesis, cystathionine g-synthase (CGS) was reduced. By using three different systems, we have found that that GSH down regulates the expression level of CGS, thus reducing Met synthesis. We have found that this regulation occurs at the post-transcriptional level, and further studies have shown that it occurs at post-translationaly. To reveal how oxidative stress affects the flux towards Met and GSH, flux analysis was performed. We have found that the level of Met is significantly reduced, while the level of glutathione significantly increases during stress. Under stress conditions most of the glutathione is converted from GSH to GSSG (the oxidised form of glutathione). These results suggest that under normal growth conditions, Cys is channelled towards both pathways to support GSH accumulation and the synthesis of growth-essential Met metabolites. However, during oxidative stress, when a high level of GSH is required to protect the plants, the levels of GSH increase while those of CGS are reduced. This reduction leaves more Cys available for GSH synthesis under stress conditions. In addition we have also studied the effects of high GSH level on the transcriptome profile. The analysis revealed that GSH affects the expression level of many major genes coding to enzymes or proteins associated with photosynthesis, starch degradation, hormone metabolism (especially genes associated with jasmonate), biotic stress (especially genes associated with PR-proteins), cytochrome P450 genes, regulation of transcription and signaling (especially genes associated with receptor kinases and calcium). These results suggest that indeed GSH levels affect different pathways and metabolites in plants.
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Bostock, Richard M., Dov Prusky, and Martin Dickman. Redox Climate in Quiescence and Pathogenicity of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586466.bard.

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Monilinia fructicola causes brown rot blossom blight and fruit rot in stone fruits. Immature fruit are highly resistant to brown rot but can become infected. These infections typically remain superficial and quiescent until they become active upon maturation of the fruit. High levels of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and related compounds occur in the peel of immature fruit but these levels decline during ripening. CGA inhibits cutinase expression, a putative virulence factor, with little or no effect on spore germination or hyphal growth. To better understand the regulation of cutinase expression by fruit phenolics, we examined the effect of CGA, caffeic acid (CA) and related compounds on the redox potential of the growth medium and intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. The presence of CA in the medium initially lowered the electrochemical redox potential of the medium, increased GSH levels and inhibited cutinase expression. Conidia germinated in the presence of CA, CGA, or GSH produced fewer appressoria and had elongated germ tubes compared to the controls. These results suggest that host redox compounds can regulate fungal infectivity. In order to genetically manipulate this fungus, a transformation system using Agrobacterium was developed. The binary transformation vector, pPTGFPH, was constructed from the plasmid pCT74, carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the ToxA promoter of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) under control of the trpC promoter of from Aspergillus nidulans, and the binary vector pCB403.2, carrying neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) between the T-DNA borders. Macroconidia of M. fructicola were coincubated with A. tumefaciens strain LBA 4404(pPTGFPH) on media containing acetosyringone for two days. Hygromycin- and G418-resistant M. fructicola transformants were selected while inhibiting A. tumefaciens with cefotaxime. Transformants expressing GFP fluoresced brightly, and were formed with high efficiency and frequency of T-DNA integration frequency. The use of these transformants for in situ studies on stone fruit tissues is discussed.
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Yaron, Zvi, Martin P. Schreibman, Abigail Elizur, and Yonathan Zohar. Advancing Puberty in the Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon Piceus) and the Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis). United States Department of Agriculture, August 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568102.bard.

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The black carp (bc)GtH IIb cDNA was amplified and isolated, cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the bcGtH IIb deduced a.a. sequence with that of GtH IIb from other teleosts revealed high homology to cyprinid species and a lower homology to salmonid or perciform fish. The gene coding for the GtH IIb was isolated and sequenced. Three bc recombinant phages which hybridized to the goldfish GtH Ib cDNA probe were isolated and are currently being characterized. The region coding for the mature GtH IIb was expressed in a bacterial expression vector resulting in the production of a recombinant protein. In vitro folding resulted in a protein only 1.3% of which displaced the native common carp GtH II in a RIA. Therefore, the common carp GtH RIA was utilized for the physiological studies at the current phase of the project. Two non-functional sites were identified along the brain-pituitary gonadal axis in the immature black carp. The pituitary is refractory to GnRH stimulation due to a block proximal to the activation of PKA and PKC probably at the level of GnRH receptors. The gonads, although capable of producing steroids, are refractory to gonadotropic stimulation but do respond to cAMP antagonists, indicating a block at the GtH receptor level. Attempts to advance puberty in 2 and 3 y old black carp showed that testosterone (T) stimulates GtH synthesis in the pituitary and increases its sensitivity to GnRh. A 2 month treatment combining T+GnRH increased the circulating GFtH level in 3 y old fish. Addition of domperidone to such a treatment facilitated both the accumulation of GtH in the pituitary and its response to GnRH. The cDNA of striped bass GtH a, Ib and IIb subunits were amplified, isolated, cloned and sequenced, and their deduced a.a. sequences were compared with those of other teleosts. A ribonuclease protection assay was developed for a sensitive and simultaneous determination of all GtH subunits, and of b-actin mRNAs of the striped bass. GnRH stimulated dramatically the expression of the a and GtH IIb subunits but the level of GtH Ib mRNA increased only moderately. These findings suggest that GtH-II, considered in salmonids to be involved only in final stages of gametogenesis, can be induced by GnRH to a higher extent than GtH-I in juvenile striped bass. The native GtH II of the striped bass was isolated and purified, and an ELISA for its determination was developed. The production of all recombinant striped bass GtH subunits is in progress using the insect cell (Sf9) culture and the BAC-TO-BAC baculovirus expression system. A recombinant GtH IIb subunit has been produced already, and its similarity to the native subunit was confirmed. The yield of the recombinant glycoprotein can reach 3.5 mg/ml after 3 days culture. All male striped bass reach puberty after 3 y. However, precocious puberty was discovered in 1 and 2 y old males. Females become vitellogenic during their 4th year. In immature 2 y old females, T treatment elevates the pituitary GtH II content while GnRH only potentiates the effect. However, in males GnRH and not T affects GtH accumulation in the pituitary. Neither GnRH, nor T treatment resulted in gonadal growth in 2 y old striped bass, indicating that either the accumulated GtH II was not released, or if released, the gonads were refractory to GtH stimulation, similar to the situation in the immature black carp. In 3 y old female striped bass, 150 day GnRHa treatment resulted in an increase in GSI, while T treatment, with or without GnRHa, resulted in a decrease in oocyte diameter, similar to the effect seen in the black carp. Further attempts to advance puberty in both fish species should take into account the positive effect of T on pituitary GtH and its negative effect of ovarian growth.
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Chen, Z., S. E. Grasby, W. Yuan, M. Colpron, and X. Liu. Methodology study of geothermal resource evaluation using remote-sensing and ground-surface temperature data, Burwash Landing, Yukon – status and preliminary results. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/p15d0hqc2g.

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Trouver des ressources énergétiques renouvelables pour atteindre les objectifs du gouvernement visant à atteindre zéro émission nette d’ici 2050 est l’un des plus grands défis auxquels nous sommes confrontés, en particulier dans le Nord. Les communautés du Nord sont en grande partie déconnectées du réseau énergétique nord-américain et dépendent plutôt des hydrocarbures importés pour leur chauffage et leur électricité. Une étude antérieure (par exemple Grasby et al., 2011) suggérait que le Yukon et le nord-est de la Colombie-Britannique constituaient des régions à fort potentiel pour les ressources géothermiques. Des travaux supplémentaires montrent le potentiel de l'énergie géothermique pour soutenir les communautés du Nord (Grasby et al., 2012). De nouvelles techniques de géophysique, de télédétection et de surveillance de la température de surface du sol (GST) pour l'évaluation géothermique ont été développées dans le cadre du projet géothermique Garibaldi (Grasby et al., 2021 ; Chen et al. 2023). Cette étude explore la faisabilité de l'utilisation d'images multispectrales de télédétection de Landsat 8 et des séries chronologiques GST du réseau de surveillance GST pour révéler la relation entre le système de failles profondes et le flux de chaleur souterrain en tant qu'outil d'évaluation des ressources géothermiques pour le nord du Canada. GSC et YSG ont déployé un réseau de surveillance de la température à la surface du sol au cours de l'été 2022, et les données de 65 stations ont été récupérées au cours de la saison de terrain 2023. Un traitement préliminaire a été effectué pour détecter les zones de flux de chaleur élevé. Deux ensembles d'images multispectrales Landsat-8 dans la zone de Burwash Landing de différentes saisons ont été collectées et traitées pour l'extraction de caractéristiques à l'aide d'algorithmes ML. Les données GST et les caractéristiques extraites des images Landsat ont été analysées pour déterminer si les anomalies géothermiques sont liées à des caractéristiques géologiques spécifiques, telles que des systèmes de failles profondes. Nous rapportons ici les résultats préliminaires en mettant l'accent sur l'analyse des données sur la TPS.
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Josefsson, S., and N. Williams. Using Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Mechanisms in Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL): The GS2 Mechanism Family. RFC Editor, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc5801.

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Levy, Maggie, Raymond Zielinski, and Anireddy S. Reddy. IQD1 Function in Defense Responses. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699842.bard.

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The main objective of the proposed research was to study IQD1's mechanism of action and elucidate its role in plant protection. Preliminary experiments suggest that IQD1 binds CaM in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner and functions in general defense responses. We propose to identify proteins and genes that interact with IQD1, which may provide some clues to its mechanism of action. We also plan to dissect IQD1's integration in defense pathways and to study and modulate its binding affinity to CaM in order to enhance crop resistance. Our specific objectives were: (1) Analysis of IQD1's CaM-binding properties; (2) Identification of IQD1 targets;(3) Dissection of IQD1 integration into defense signaling pathways. Analysis of IQD1's CaM-binding properties defined four potential classes of sequences that should affect CaM binding: one is predicted to raise the affinity for Ca²⁺-dependent interaction but have no effect on Ca²⁺-independent binding; a second is predicted to act like the first mutation but eliminate Ca²⁺-independent binding; a third has no predicted effect on Ca²⁺-dependent binding but eliminates Ca²⁺-independent binding; and the fourth is predicted to eliminate or greatly reduce both Ca²⁺-dependent and Ca²⁺-independent binding. Following yeast two hybrid analysis we found that IQD1 interact with AtSR1 (Arabidopsis thalianaSIGNALRESPONSIVE1), a calcium/calmodulin-binding transcription factor, which has been shown to play an important role in biotic and abiotic stresses. We tested IQD1 interaction with both N-terminal or C-terminal half of SR1. These studies have uncovered that only the N-terminal half of the SR1 interacts with the IQD1. Since IQD1 has an important role in herbivory, its interaction with SR1 suggests that it might also be involved in plant responses to insect herbivory. Since AtSR1, like IQD1, is a calmodulin-binding protein and the mutant showed increased sensitivity to a herbivore, we analyzed WT, Atsr1 and the complemented line for the levels of GS to determine if the increased susceptibility of Atsr1 plants to T. ni feeding is associated with altered GS content. In general, Atsr1 showed a significant reduction in both aliphatic and aromatic GS levels as compared to WT. In order to study IQD1's molecular basis integration into hormone-signaling pathways we tested the epistatic relationships between IQD1 and hormone-signaling mutants. For that purpose we construct double mutants between IQD1ᴼXᴾ and mutants defective in plant-hormone signaling and GS accumulation. Epitasis with SA mutant NahG and npr1-1 and JA mutant jar1-1 suggested IQD1 function is dependent on both JA and SA as indicated by B. cinerea infection assays. We also verified the glucosinolate content in the crosses siblings and found that aliphatic GSL content is reduced in the double transgenic plants NahG:IQD1ᴼXᴾ as compare to parental lines while the aliphatic GSL content in the npr1-1:IQD1ᴼXᴾ and jar1-1: IQD1ᴼXᴾ double mutants was intimidated to the parental lines. This suggests that GSL content dependency on SA is downstream to IQD1. As a whole, this project should contribute to the development of new defense strategies that will improve crop protection and reduce yield losses and the amount of pesticides required; these will genuinely benefit farmers, consumers and the environment.
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Roberts, Randy S., Paul A. Pope, Ming Jiang, Timothy G. Trucano, Cecilia R. Aragon, Kevin Ni, Thomas Wei, Lawrence K. Chilton, and Alan Bakel. GSV Annotated Bibliography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1118027.

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Roberts, Randy S., Paul A. Pope, Ming Jiang, Timothy G. Trucano, Cecilia R. Aragon, Kevin Ni, Thomas Wei, Lawrence K. Chilton, and Alan Bakel. GSV Annotated Bibliography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1124861.

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Voyce, J. GSC Merit Awards. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/301728.

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Goodacre, A. GSC Amateur Radio Club. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/301701.

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