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1
Bhowmik, Swapan Kumar. "Partition of India And Socio–Economic Transformations of the Mufassal Towns in Jalpaiguri District in the Post Colonial Period 1947 – 2011." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2018. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/3656.
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Rogers, Adam. "Roman towns as meaning-laden places : reconceptualising the growth and decline of towns in Roman Britain." Thesis, Durham University, 2008. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1968/.
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This thesis reanalyses the beginnings and endings of towns in Roman Britain through a critical examination of the archaeological terms of growth and decline. The early phases on the sites of towns provide a context for action and the first part of the thesis examines the evidence for activity in the immediate pre-conquest period. It establishes aspects of the meaning of the sites and the way in which they survived and had an impact on experiences and understandings of the areas into the Roman period. The significance of these sites as places continued into the later Roman period. The second part of the thesis looks at aspects of continuity and transformation within towns in the later Roman period. The importance of these sites as places continuing into the later Roman period contrasts with the more economically-dominated notion of decline. The thesis examines evidence for the use of public buildings in the late-third, fourth and early-fifth centuries (and beyond) demonstrating that many remained significant foci of activity and that decline is a simplistic theory for interpreting the material. The themes discussed include 'industrial' activity, structural changes to buildings, timber structures within buildings and 'squatter occupation'. A wider perspective is introduced at the end of the study by also examining Roman towns of France and Spain. An important part of reanalysing decline is an examination of Edward Gibbon's The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776-1788), its reception and its impact upon archaeology including the study of late Roman towns, the 'Golden Age' and pre-Roman place. The historical and social context in which Roman archaeology developed, together with widerscale changes from the Renaissance onwards, will have had an impact upon the way in which themes such as place and transformation have been studied. The evidence indicates that towns remained important symbolic, but also viable and functioning, places in the later Roman period despite exhibiting changes in the organisation and appearance of public buildings and urban space. This reanalysis ofthe evidence for two important phases of these places provides a more challenging context in which to set the 'Golden Age' and approach Roman urbanism in the future.
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Towns, Stephen Richard. "Elmer L. Towns a biographical and chronological presentation of his writings /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 1988. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Kenney, D. Ben (David Ben). "Growth in Massachusetts small towns and the implications for real estate developers." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/75531.
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Bryant, William Patrick. "An exploration of local smart growth initiatives within the United States." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2007. http://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2007m/bryant.pdf.
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Phegley, Jeff S. "Terrestrial evolution." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1266141.
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Terrestrial Evolution focuses on the destruction of the natural environment by manmade obstructions such as housing developments, strip malls, roads, telephone lines, and utility poles. Each of the paintings address one or more of these aspects of development and communicates ideas of detachment from this seemingly endless process of building. Color, surface texture, composition, and visual imagery were all carefully thought out and planned parts of a complicated process for the communication of ideas on this particular subject matter.My hometown of Carmel, Indiana has been experiencing massive environmental change over the past ten years. Large housing editions and strip malls have been built to accommodate the influx of people moving to this northern suburb of Indianapolis. Land is being sold, bought, zoned, and covered with quickly built homes and strip malls. Once this suburban sprawl has begun, will it stop? How much of the environmental damage it has contributed is reversible?Terrestrial Evolution represents a very personal and visual response to the contemporary state of Carmel's woodlands, wetlands, and wildlife, which are being sacrificed for manmade development.Department of Art
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Mahtab-uz-zaman, Quazi Mohd. "Consolidation as a response to urban growth : a case in Dhaka /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25800620.
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Rasberry, Rick L. "An analysis of the "Friend Day" program, written by Elmer Towns and published by Church Growth Institute, Lynchburg, Virginia." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 1995. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
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Modarres, Mosaddegh Seyed Ali 1957. "ETIOLOGY OF URBAN GROWTH OR DECLINE." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275314.
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Hailu, Yohannes G. "Growth equilibrium modeling of urban sprawl on agricultural lands in West Virginia." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2726.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 111 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 106-111).
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Mukhija, Vinit. "Decentralization and urban growth : a district centre in Delhi /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1992. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25800577.
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Sullivan, Ronald William. "Understanding and accommodating turnaround growth in nonmetropolitan communities." Thesis, Kansas State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/9882.
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Carruthers, John I. "Evaluating the effectiveness of regulatory growth management programs : an interregional analysis /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10806.
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Maneepong, Chuthatip School of the Built Environment UNSW. "Dynamics of industrial development in border towns : case studies of Thailand." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of the Built Environment, 2003. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/19262.
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This thesis examines the dynamics of industrial development in the areas where Thailand borders with neighbouring countries. It argues that the locational advantages approach 'one that focuses on social and economic connections in border towns, government investments, policy measures and the role of export-oriented multinational companies' is not necessarily an appropriate approach. An investigation is conducted to find out to what extent the locational advantages approach applies to Thai border towns. An assessment of the government role in promoting and managing industrial development has also been undertaken to identify the success of this industrial decentralisation scheme. Other factors that contribute to industrial development are also examined. The thesis uses a comparative case study approach, comparing sponsored and non-sponsored towns, and presents four case studies of border towns in Thailand, bordering Myanmar and Laos. This research method provides a better assessment than an internal assessment of government programmes would. The results show that the dynamics of industrial development in Thai border towns is better explained by the production network approach emphasising the embeddedness of small and medium sized local manufacturing industries. The entrepreneurship and social networks of entrepreneurs promote the emergence and growth of industrial development. Horizontal industrial relationships promote flexible operations and compensate for limited access and resources in border towns. In addition, a border location does not by itself stimulate economic link with the neighbouring country because negative perception and regulatory barriers to the crossing of borders hinder mutual cooperation. Due to the discrepancy between government assumptions programmes and the dynamics of industrial development, the survey shows that the impacts of government investments on industrial development are marginal. The thesis concludes that the applicability of the locational advantages approach for industrial development in Thai border towns is limited and that the policy of the government and international agencies should be diverse and should consider other approaches such as a production network approach. Similarly, government programmes should accommodate the needs of small and medium sized manufacturing industries. The role of local government and the private sectors in minimising barriers to the crossing of borders should also be considered.
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Yu, Mengya, and 郁梦雅. "To analyze urban sprawl using remote sensing : a case study of London, Ontario, Canada." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195105.
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Urban growth is one type of urban development. Many Canadian cities have dramatically evolved over the past twenty years. Along with the rapid growth of urban region, urban sprawl has become one of the most significant issues challenging most cities. Remote sensing techniques are frequently used to analyse urban growth and sprawl. In this study, three temporal satellite images, which were taken at 1990, 2000, 2010 respectively, are classified using software ENVI to determine the urban extent and growth pattern of the city of London, Ontario, Canada. Statistical models including Shannon‘s entropy and Pearson‘s chi-square are applied to calculate the degree of sprawl and degree of freedom of London. Moreover, the overall degree of goodness of the urban growth is calculated as a promotion of the former two statistic models towards the analysis of urban growth. The results shows London is sprawled in the past 20 years (from 1990 to 2010) with a decreasing degree of freedom and a moderate degree of goodness of urban growth. Apart from mathematical analysis, policies that have been implemented since 1990s to curb urban sprawl in London are reviewed. Key factors that impact the urban growth pattern of London are identified through reviewing. It is found that 1993‘s annexation, the creation of Urban Growth Boundary and changed political intentions are the main factors. By analyze these factors, it also help to explain the results derived from mathematical models. Brownfield redevelopment, residential intensification, smart moves are regarded as the most important strategies to deal with urban sprawl carried out by London‘s local government. It also witnesses a great impact of policies initiated by the province on a mid-sized municipality such as London. It is argued that municipalities gain only limited political autonomy and administrative capacity. Recommendations are addressed specifically for the related strategies for further promotions.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Logan, Michael Farley. "Fighting sprawl and city hall: Resistance to urban growth in the southwest, 1945-1965." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186742.
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Serious resistance to urban growth in the Southwest arose at the beginning of the post World War II boom and persisted throughout the 1950s and 1960s. Most historians of the urban West ignore this early resistance. Even New Western historians truncate their studies of urbanization in the Southwest by assuming that serious opposition to development only appeared with the rise of environmentalism in the late 1960s. Urbanization in Tucson and Albuquerque proceeded in the face of constant protest. The expressions of opposition to urban expansion arose in conservative and libertarian political critiques and in ethnic resistance to urban renewal plans that targeted barrio areas. A loosely defined environmentalism appeared in these early forms of resistance as residents fought to preserve their lifestyle and native culture.
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Fessahaie, Tesfamichael. "Peri-urban agriculture and population growth : the case of Asmara, Eritrea." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d109790.
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The aim of this thesis is to provide a differentiated view of peri-urban agriculture in the context of urban population growth in Asmara, Eritrea. Peri-urban agriculture is viewed as a distinct type of broader urban agriculture, and in this case is not as subsistence-orientated as other branches of it. Urban population growth is comprised of three elements, namely, natural population increase, rural-urban migration and outward movement of people to the urban periphery linked to urban expansion. Each receives extensive treatment. Asmara is the capital city of Eritrea and using Weeks (2004:473) phrase can be termed as a “primate city”. As such, it exerts a major influence on the political, economic and cultural life of the country, but has never been subjected to this type of research. The analytical framework that is adopted is that of urban population growth. In order to operationalize it, theoretical insights into each of its three branches were applied. For example, the informalisation of the economy in developing cities was used to explain the operation of peri-urban agriculture in the context of natural population growth. An adaption of the original Harris-Todaro Model by Fields (2004) was used for the migrants, and the Mosaic Model by Bryant and Johnson (1992) for those facing urban encroachment. Primary data were collected in the field by the author with the help of research assistants. This was supplemented by secondary data which involved reports commissioned by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Public Works. Focus Group discussions were also held to supplement the data with information, views and insights that do not emerge in one-to-one interviews. This thesis demonstrates that those respondents operating within the context of natural population growth make a viable living from peri-urban agriculture, but that they also recognise that there are considerable challenges to be faced. Three sub-groups of farmers are identified. Of these, poultry farmers are the most vulnerable because of the high costs of the inputs, the uncertainty associated with avian „flu and an undeveloped distribution network. The vegetable producers, on the other hand, have a sophisticated marketing network, but low levels of education, high household numbers and an impending shortage of land and water. The agriculturalists that have migrated to Asmara seem to have created sustainable occupations for themselves over a number of years. However, 75 percent of them felt that migration to Asmara was not worthwhile. This negative view is explained in terms of the struggle it has taken to maintain such a living and the growing shortage of land. This set of farmers achieves lower production levels than its city-reared counterparts, carries considerable expenses and has to hire its land. The farmers who have had to cope with urban encroachment fall into two classes. The first has chosen to remain in peri-urban agriculture despite feeling the pressure to scale down activities and thus have a lower income. The majority of this group are dairy farmers who have to trade off increasing costs of cattle feed against shrinking grazing land. They are unwilling to take the initiative to solve their land problems, but look to the authorities to do so. The second class of respondents in this category have abandoned their agricultural holdings. The majority of these agriculturalists are poultry farmers living in the Eastern side of the city. A shortage of agricultural land, high population densities and high costs of inputs make poultry farming difficult. This thesis, therefore, presents a multifaceted view of peri-urban agriculture. While each set of farmers has to cope with its own particular circumstances, there is a common factor. This is the tension between preserving agricultural land on the urban fringe and the need to expand the city to accommodate its inhabitants.
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Van, Leeuwen Janneke Barbara 1960. "Factors contributing to the growth of Kenyan secondary cities, 1969-1979." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276932.
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The rapid growth of secondary cities in Kenya is explored through an analysis of various factors related to development. Through a shift-share analysis of employment figures it is shown that, while employment expansion and diversification has occurred in some of the secondary cities, this does not fully explain the population growth which has taken place. Road improvements facilitated rural out-migration while perceived employment opportunities encouraged in-migration to smaller urban centers. While these factors do not fully correspond to the growth which has taken place, it is suggested that they do reveal certain growth patterns which are occurring. Finally, it is suggested that the growth of Kenyan secondary cities is a positive step towards a more equitable and efficient spatial distribution of the population and that, through their development, secondary cities can play an important role in diminishing rural-urban differences and unifying Kenya's space economy. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)
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Erickson, Leonard J. Jr. "Hybrid TND- a legitimate solution to sprawl." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23983.
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Roden, Stephanie Jane. "Locational context and business growth : small rural towns and their hinterlands, England and Wales 2001-2007." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603435.
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Small towns are traditionally thought to be the most economically dynamic locations in rural areas of England and Wales. However, Brown et al (2004) highlighted an unexpected pattern of faster aggregate grow1h in employment in the rural hinterlands surrounding the small towns than in the towns themselves. The implication was that within these rural districts, employment was decentralising, continuing a trend which had been observed across the largest cities in the urban hierarchy certainly until the mid 1990s (Turok and Edge 1999). Brown et al (2004) were unable to account for the business or locational processes which contributed to this trend. Whilst there is a great amount of literature on the spatial distribution of economic activity between urban and rural areas, the influence of locational context upon business performance within rural areas, focussing on the micro-geography of rural small towns and their hinterlands in England and Wales has not been investigated in any previous studies. This thesis addresses this issue and therefore contributes to the existing knowledge on business location and performance. The study focuses on statistical analysis of primary and secondary data collated from established organisations in and around small towns in selected rural districts of England and Wales between 2001 and 2007 to identify significant associations between objective and subjective measures of location, and two established measures of business performance - changes in turnover and employment. This analysis suggests that subjective measures of locational context are more influential on business performance than objective measures. However, whilst basic correlations were revealed between business performance and the availability of land, clustering and the rail transport network, only one objective measure of place-based characteristics (concentration of economic activity) was significantly associated with employment change. The research highlights characteristics of businesses that might be more likely to increase employment in rural small towns and their hinterlands (in a prosperous economic climate), as well as the importance of the subjective perceptions of locations, these in sights might be useful in enabling and supporting economic activity through policy development
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Roy, Varun Kumar. "Studying urbanism: the spatial, physical and bodily manifestations in the administrative towns of provincial Bengal 1957- c.1857." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2020. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/4376.
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Grace, Pamela Lynne Lewiston. "Cathouses on a hot tin roof? legal prostitution and urban growth in Washoe and Storey counties /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1453587.
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Lee, Sugie. "Metropolitan Growth Patterns' Impact on Intra-Regional Spatial Differentiation and Inner-Ring Suburban Decline: Insights for Smart Growth." Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04182005-002619/unrestricted/lee%5Fsugie%5F200505%5Fphd.pdf.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Architecture, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005.Steven P. French, Committee Chair ; Cheryl K. Contant, Committee Member ; Randall L. Guensler, Committee Member ; Gregory B. Lewis, Committee Member ; Nancey Green Leigh, Committee Co-Chair. Includes bibliographical references.
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Imon, Sharif Shams. "Evaluating the option of compact development as a sustainable urban form for the growth of Dhaka." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23427516.
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Mukhija, Vinit. "Decentralization and urban growth: a districtcentre in Delhi." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31979828.
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Stanilov, Kiril. "Urban growth, land use change, and metropolitan restructuring : the case of greater Seattle, 1960-90 /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/15503.
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González, Pantaleón Mariá del Pilar. "The growth of a secondary city in Costa Rica : a case study of the development of Puntarenas." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23841.
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Despite the growth of secondary cities, there is still little written about these intermediate cities in the literature. This thesis addresses this gap by examining the growth of Puntarenas, one such secondary city in Costa Rica.Within the framework of dependency theory and an historical background, this case study examines several factors which have affected the development of this city over the last three decades. An undiversified economy based on fishing, migration patterns, and Puntarenas' dependent relationship with the capital, San Jose, are analyzed in depth.
The study, which is based on interviews, statistical data, and published literature, suggests that although there has been some effort to limit the concentration of resources in the centre of the country and to develop secondary cities, these cities continue to be neglected by central powers and, for the most part, are only taken into account when they serve the interests of the centre.
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Li, Chunmo. "The effects of local economic and environmental policies on county population and employment growth." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1135273183.
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Barraclough, Marc D. "A remote sensing and GIS investigation of urban growth and development patterns in the metropolitan region of Lexington-Fayette, Kentucky." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3581.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 42 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-39).
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Culpepper, Jennie Bob Bizal. "The changing community/industry relationship in resource-oriented boom towns: a case study of the Overthrust Industrial Association." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43746.
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A typical boom/bust cycle of community development has accompanied
natural resource exploitation throughout the growth of the United States.
These resource-oriented boom towns provide an opportunity for an evaluation
of a changing community/industry relationship. The origins and
evolution of the public and private sector relationship was examined in
resource boom towns of the past. A case study was conducted of the
Overthrust Industrial Association (OlA), based in Denver, Colorado. This
case study provided insight into a potentially improved
community/industry relationship occurring in the Overthrust Belt boom
towns of Wyoming, Utah, and Idaho.
Compared to the public/private relationship in resource-oriented boom
towns of the past, the relationship occurring in these Overthrust Belt
boom towns demonstrated an improvement with well-planned communities resuIting.
The improvements in the community/industry relationship have
occurred because of a public/private partnership approach to urban planning.
This partnership approach was the outcome of a delicate balance
between community and industry control. The implications of this partMaster of Urban and Regional Planning
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Vaughan, James W. "Growth and change in a paradigmatic region : is it sustainable? does planning make a difference? /." View online, 2006. http://ecommons.txstate.edu/dissertations/AAI3252700/.
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Theart, Alwie. "Smart Growth : a sustainable solution for our cities." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/21908.
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Assignment (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The greatest challenge for our time is to ensure the preservation of our environment and the well being of our people. With this in mind and the fact that almost half of the world’s population is living in urban areas, it is of the utmost importance to ensure that cities develop in a sustainable manner. Cities are regarded as one of the most magnificent creations of human achievements, but when looking at urban areas around the world it can also be regarded as one of the most problematic achievements. The growth of cities is a natural process and an unstoppable progression of events. Modern cities have a major impact on the environment and to ensure successful reduction of this impact, certain problem areas will have to be identified and addressed without delay in order to be in a position to make any significant change in the long run. Interventions of some sort are needed to make living in cities as well as on the planet as a whole more sustainable. The big question is however, how this can be achieved? One of the possible new interventions is the Smart Growth Concept, which is a form of growth management. Although Smart Growth has been around from the early 70’s, it is still a new concept that has not been explored to its full potential. The concept is well known in America but in most countries around the world, including South Africa, it is still a vague concept, which needs more introductions, convincing and ultimately, implementation. Although this article will focus on the Smart Growth concept as a possible solution to creating sustainable cities, the critics do not all agree with this point of view. Enough evidence is however provided to prove that Smart Growth can make a difference in our daily lives. The main aim of this article is to provide the reader with enough information on the subject of Smart Growth, and address the criticism against the concept of Smart Growth, to be able to see the positive influence that the Smart Growth concept can have on our cities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die grootste uitdaging van ons tyd is om te verseker dat die ons omgewing beskerm word en die welstand van ons mense bevorder word. Met dit in gedagte en die feit dat ongeveer die helfte van die aarde se bevolking in stedelike areas woonagtig is, is dit van uiterste belang dat stede op ‘n volhoubare manier ontwikkel word. Stede kan as een van die grootste skeppings van die mensdom beskou word, maar as daar gekyk word na stedelike areas rondom die wêreld kan dit ook as een van die problematiese skeppings beskou word. Die groei van stede is natuurlike proses en is onstuitbare sameloop van gebeurlikhede. Moderne stede het groot inpak op die omgewing en om te verseker dat die impak suksesvol beperk word, is daar sekere probleemareas wat geïdentifiseer moet word en wat sonder enige verder vertraging aangespreek moet word, ten einde in ‘n posisie te wees om enige beduidende verandering op die lang duur te maak. Ingryping op een of ander manier is nodig om stede meer bewoonbaar te maak, asook die planeet as ‘n geheel meer volhoubaar te maak. Die groot vraag is egter, hoe om dit te doen? Een van hierdie moontlike ingrypings is die Innoverende Groei (‘Smart Growth’) Konsep, wat ‘n vorm van groeibestuur is. Alhoewel die Innoverende Groei Konsep al sedert die sewentiger jare bestaan, is dit steeds ‘n nuwe konsep wat nog nie tot sy volle potensiaal ontwikkel is nie. Die konsep van Innoverende Groei is bekend in Amerika maar is in die meeste lande rondom die wêreld, insluitend Suid-Afrika, nog steeds ‘n vae konsep wat nog verder bekendstelling en oortuiging vereis en uiteindelik geïmplementeer moet word. Alhoewel hierdie artikel die fokus plaas op die Konsep van Innoverende Groei as moontlike oplossing in die skepping van volhoubare stede, is daar kritici wat nie saamstem met hierdie sienswyse nie. Genoeg bewyse word egter voorgehou om te bewys dat die Konsep van Innoverende Groei ‘n verskil kan maak in ons daaglikse lewe. Die hoof doel van hierdie artikel is om die leser van genoeg inligting te voorsien rondom die Konsep van Innoverende Groei , en om die kritiek teen die konsep aan te spreek, ten einde die leser te oortuig dat die konsep positiewe invloed op die groei van ons stede kan hê.
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Williams, Frank R. (Frank Robinson). "Selected Structural Characteristics of Community Innovativeness: An Analysis of the Urban Development Action Grant Program." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330737/.
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This study is an investigation of the relationship between selected structural characteristics of the community and innovation among cities. Four major Structural characteristics were chosen to serve as independent variables. These independent variables were community differentiation, community poverty, community maturity and type of local government. Innovation, as measured by applicant status to the federal Urban Development Action Grant Program, served as the dependent variable. Analysis of the data indicated support for several of the postulated hypotheses. The structural characteristic community differentiation was found to be significantly related to applicant status. For the structural characteristic community poverty no significant relationship to applicant status was observed. Community maturity revealed a significant relationship to applicant status. Finally, for the structural characteristic local form of government a significant relationship with applicant status was observed. Based on the interpretation of the findings, an original typology of innovation was developed. This typology included planned revitalizing innovation, social enhancing innovation, entrepreneurial stimulating innovation, and needs inducing innovation.
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Mallik, Chandralekha. "Preservation of human scale : in the continuous process of urban development /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25799952.
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Eickmann, Andrew James. "Dutch Spatial Planning: The Coordination of Compact Development and Affordable Housing." PDXScholar, 2009. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/360.
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This case study combines elements of exploration and description to examine the interaction of growth management and housing affordability within the Dutch system of spatial planning. In Section I, I introduce the research framework and pose the central research question: How do planners and policymakers in the Netherlands conceptualize and manage the relationship between land and housing markets, and the effects of that relationship on housing affordability? In Section II, I provide an overview of Dutch spatial planning, focusing on planning and policymaking at the national and municipal levels, and summarizing the postwar-era "bundled deconcentration" approach to growth management. Section III covers the economic and political shifts of the 1980s and early 1990s, a period that marked the end of "bundled deconcentration" and ushered in the "compact city" approach to spatial planning. In Section IV, I introduce contemporary issues of land scarcity and housing supply stagnation and summarize my primary interview findings. In Section V, I elaborate on my interview findings and discuss the broader perspectives offered by Dutch planners and economists. Finally, in Section VI, I conclude the case study with a review of findings, final reflections, and suggestions for future research.
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Hou, Quan. "Spatio-temporal relationships between urban growth and economic development in the Pearl River Delta region of China." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/992.
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Chan, Chun-yim, and 陳俊琰. "A study on the influence of housing mix on the sustainable development of new towns in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206603.
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This study, with its research question ‘To what extent is housing mix related to social sustainable development of new towns and what is the influence of housing mix on social sustainability in new towns?’ sets out to develop a critical understanding of and examine the relevance and desirability of incorporating customary housing mix practice in developing Hong Kong new towns to social sustainability through providing a detailed account of relationships between social mix concept and social sustainability concept as well as the influence of housing mix to new town development in social sustainability aspect. Both qualitative and quantitative methodological approaches were taken, including a questionnaire survey in a cluster sampling survey approach and a semi-structured interview, to collect data from 100 local public housing residents each at two study areas, Shatin and Tin Shui Wai, which were selected based on the assumption that one has better social sustainable development derived from a balanced housing mix, while one has lower level of social sustainability due to an imbalanced housing mix respectively. Data tabulation and content analysis were used to analyze data collected.
Findings and analysis of this study suggest that the assumption of social interpersonal process brought by social mix in the same community is questionable and even not justifiable in the context of two study areas. From this perspective, there is no expectation that social mix would contribute to middle class role modeling and individual upward mobility. The interrelationship of level of mixing and the anticipated social outcomes of social mix in both towns are argued to be impractical. Thus, it further argues that social mix, in the context of both towns, does not promote social sustainability of new towns, from the fact that social cohesion is a vital aspect of social sustainability. Arising from these findings, implications are also drawn from the study that planners may have a relative weak role to plan for social development and the uncritically adoption of housing mix may shrink the production of public housings in future new town developments in view of a current huge public demand in Hong Kong. Although there are limitations in the research design and study scope and a tentative conclusion can only be reached with a selected angle of observation in this study, a more comprehensive and detailed exploration on interrelationship between social mix and sustainable development in new towns can be carried out in future is still recommended. It also proposes that forced heterogeneity should not be uncritically adopted by planners, who can study other planning tools to enhance other aspects of social sustainability of a new town.published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning
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Jiang, Peng. "Dense urbanism at the old edge: conflict and reconciliation of streets and buildings." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29699.
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In the last few decades, new centers have emerged at the edges of traditional cities and pre-World War II suburbs. As these evolve, do they converge towards the urban forms of traditional cities? This question is explored based on a study of urban areas in the Atlanta Metropolitan Region. Atlanta Downtown, Decatur and Marietta, are compared to the new centers in Buckhead, Cumberland and Perimeter. The evolution of the street network of Buckhead is examined in detail. The morphological history of a particular urban block in Buckheadâ "the Tower Place blockâ "is documented. Morphological analysis, focusing on street patterns, block shapes and sizes, property boundaries and building footprints, is complemented by Space Syntax, focusing on the structure of street networks and connectivity. It is shown that new urban centers tend to grow on very large blocks accessed through major transportation infrastructure, but situated in otherwise sparse and fragmentary street environments. As these centers grow and as the density of land use increases, a secondary private road system is created, to take advantage of development potential and provide access to major building investments. The effective fragmentation of the large blocks suggests a pattern of metric convergence towards an optimum block size. In traditional cities, however, the street network is stable over time and acts as the framework for changes in architecture and land use. In the new centers, the secondary road system serves to access particular private investments without regard to the creation of a public framework of connections. From a syntactic point of view, the new centers are spatially unintelligible, thus substantially diverging from traditional cities, even as they accommodate dense mixed use developments. The thesis points to the need of developing and using subdivision regulations and zoning classifications in order to better regulate the spatial structure of new urban centers in the future.
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Edquist, Erik. "En lycklig omställning av Sverige." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-168724.
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This paper aims to examine how and to what extent, a transition of Sweden according to the principles of Omställning Sverige (Transition towns Sweden), have the potential to contribute to a society with increased happiness. The paper is based on a qualitative textual analysis of the key texts in the Swedish Transition towns movement, Omställning Sverige. In the first part of the study the most important transition principles of Omställning Sverige were identified. Four key principles emerged: An altered view of economics, a spiritual change, a stronger local community and increased awareness. These transition principles were then analyzed through the lens of the scientific fields position on happiness, followed by a summarizing conclusion. The altered view of economics which Omställning Sverige advocates, where sustainability and quality of life are priorities over economic growth, is even necessary to secure our basic physiological needs. Such an economy has also improved conditions for economic stability, high employment and higher efficiency in the sense of happiness promoted in relationship to how many natural resources are used. The form of spiritual change that is highlighted represents a shift from a materialistic consumer culture towards a greater focus on altruism, fellowship and a stronger relationship with nature. Also this principle has the potential to promote human well-being because we feel good through empathetic behavior, strong social relationships, identifying with a larger natural world and because a consumer culture contributes to severe mental and social stress in the struggle for social status. Here, however, a deficiency in the Transition towns movement's message emerges. Omställning Sverige lacks a clear commitment to equality within society, which reduces the probability for the advocated mental shift to occur. The third transition principle, a stronger local community, also has the potential to make us happier because it promotes social cohesion and provides a secure foundation in life. However, there is no clear correlation between increased awareness of societal threats and happiness. Along with the increased awareness Omställning Sverige also advocates for a positive vision of the future, active citizenship and a belief in change. Such an approach has the potential to promote our happiness slightly. A positive vision for the future is also the best approach to promote active engagement to counter societal threats. In all the four aspects from which Omställning Sverige were analyzed, the advocated change has the potential to provide a happier society than if current policies were maintained. The main conclusion is therefore that an implementation of the Swedish Transition town movement's principles to a very high extent have the potential to contribute to a happier society. A recomendation to increase the emphasis on equality within the society is at the same time sent out to the transition towns movement.
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Ha, Van Que, and mikewood @deakin edu au. "The changing ideological basis of planning practice in Hanoi, Vietnam." Deakin University. School of Australian and International Studies, 2000. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050815.094855.
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Woods, John D. "A study of the effects of business activity diversity on economic growth in small towns, as a consideration to landscape architectural site programming." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41529.
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During the past 40 years, landscape architects and other designers have used many approaches for economic revitalization of deteriorating commercial centers. Examples of projects designed to revive sluggish downtown economies have shown varied, and often uninspiring, results in stimulating downtown economies. This problem is most pronounced in rural communities. The ineffectiveness of these designs stems, in part, from the failure of landscape architects to apply economic theory to the design of physical space. This study explores the role that business activity diversity plays in the maintenance of economic stability and growth, as a means to find clues to possible revitalization strategies.
This analysis of business activity patterns in Virginia cities and counties, indicates that diversity among a community's businesses contributes to that community's economic health and resistance to obsolescence induced by changing economic patterns. Site programming must be conducted to support intended business activities in a way that improves their survivability and growth potential. Through this, and future research, the field of landscape architecture must move toward the design of space that supports diversity in economic activities. Landscape architects must respond with the same sensitivity to economic environments that they have shown toward aesthetic, ecological and social environments in the past.Master of Landscape Architecture
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McKalip, Frederick D. "Peri-urban development in Africa : a Kenyan case study /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06102009-063219/.
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Morgan, Stephen Lloyd. "County-town enterprises in the lower Changjiang (Yangtze) River basin: implications of rural industrialization forurbanization in the Chinese countryside since the reform of 1978." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31949162.
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Moore, Kenneth Ethan. "Urban sprawl & edge growth, the plight of the American small town : a case study of Pendleton, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/916987.
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One of the primary planning issues facing small rural communities today is balancing the need of economic growth with the preservation of local character and natural resources. Faced with increasing development pressures, these communities often are unequipped from a planning and ordinance standpoint to deal with accelerated demands for subdivision approval, infrastructure planning, and other legal issues that come with development. This can lead not only to loss of local and natural character, but also to long term community debt as small municipalities are obligated or agree to install infrastructure that the tax on the new construction will not pay for. This report examines the town of Pendleton, Indiana, and focuses on local character, historic, and natural resources to form the basis for future land use recommendations. The primary steps in this process are; 1) a contextual (visual) analysis of Pendleton and its surrounding area to identify the different neighborhoods, landmarks, nodes, edges, and circulation patterns based upon visual criteria, 2) analysis of Pendleton's zoning ordinances and land use controls, 3) determination of potential physical and fiscal impacts of development of available land according to existing zoning, and 4) development of future long term land use recommendations in the planning format of a comprehensive plan.Department of Landscape Architecture
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陳永浩 and Wing-ho Michael Chan. "Urban development and evolution in Hong Kong: reciprocity between nature and culture." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39633974.
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Benedict, Zachary R. "Band-aids & bomb shelters : an analytic narrative envisioning the American suburban fabric as a construct for poachable territories that engage the routine of the everyday." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1318942.
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The consumerism of Western culture has allowed the prevailing suburban development pattern of the latter half of the twentieth century to evolve from a pedestrian-friendly canvas for the American Dream into an iconographic realization of commuting motorists decentralized from social interaction. Symbolizing solitude and privatization. this sprawling environment has become an epidemic deteriorating the social network in the United States: a condition that requires a remedy.With the popularization of traditional neighborhood development. a large majority of newly constructed communities find themselves located away from the realities of the modern bait environment. Like a bomb shelter. occupants have been allowed the opportunity to escape to a time before sprawl. consequently ignoring the problem. In order to address this condition. these issues can no longer go unaddressed they must be healed. This study depicts suburbia as an evolving network requiring a reinsertion of a mixed-functionality into its failed developments in order to reengage the occupant and revive suburbia's communal identity: in turn allowing the resolution to evolve from a bomb shelter to a Band-Aid.With research methods including qualitative assessments of numerous case studies. writings and diagrammatic theories regarding the social realm. interviews. and the consideration of numerous texts regarding interdisciplinary concerns as well as popular culture and sociological understandings. the study defines suburbia as a poachable territory — a construct that harvests opportunities for the occupant to reengage their context. By reversing the evolution from pedestrian to motorist. these interventions allow communities to embezzle the environment in an effort to establish a collective identity and reintroduce a social ream. Furthermore. these theories are then inserted in a generalizable residential development in Carmel. Indiana named Village Park Estates. By analyzing the potential found in these developments this epidemic can begin to be diagnosed allowing the author to establish a solution grounded in the routine of the everyday.Department of Architecture
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Reiter, Christopher Oak. "Architectural implications of mobile privatization : re-establishing place in mediated environments." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1390314.
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As our way of life becomes more mobile and dependant on our mobile technologies, many of our everyday experiences become electronically mediated. Concepts such as `home' and activities like shopping change as they are separated from their physical geographic locations, and the sprawling architecture of the cultural landscape strengthens this mutation of sense of place.The first part of this thesis explores the technologies and social conditions that have led to the nascence of mediated environments (i.e. the rise of the automobile and the Internet). The second part contains a case study that describes an acute example of this technologically-borne placelessness: recreational vehicle enthusiasts that travel the highways and camp in parking lots of `big box' stores, searching for the `American dream'. The final part of the thesis describes an architectural design project created to reconnect these people to each other and to the communities they wander through.Department of Architecture
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Mafungayika, Duduzile Grace. "The right to development versus environmental protection in South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/749.
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Thesis (M.Law. (Development and Management)) --University of Limpopo, 2009This research investigates the relationship between the right to development and the right to the environment. An overview of the legislative framework aimed at facilitating development and environmental protection is discussed. The right to development is aimed at improving the quality of life and living conditions of ordinary people. On the other hand, the right to the environment has as its purpose the conservation and prudent utilisation of natural resources. Theoretically, the two rights are at loggerheads. However, at the centre of these rights is the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable development harmonises the implementation of developmental activities and environmental protection, by compelling government authorities and developers to consider environmental issues when implementing development projects. Public participation is vital in environmental law as it ensures that the public is well informed about development projects that may have adverse effects on the environment. Public participation in development projects is part of the Environmental Impact Assessment process (EIA). A case study of a local township was conducted to illustrate the importance of public participation and the acceptance of the right to development and the right to the environment as justiciable human rights in South Africa. The study revealed that local government officials lack the necessary knowledge and skills to implement development and environmental laws at local community level. This results in non- compliance with the existing environmental laws by developers. It is concluded that right to development and the right to the environment co-exist and are mutual reinforcing. Therefore, failure to ensure proper implementation of the two rights may result in short- lived and unsustainable development, projects and programs. It is concluded further that non-compliance with the EIA procedure defeats the concept of public participation as embodied in environmental law and international environmental instruments. It is recommended that the government should equip its officials and citizens with skills and knowledge on how environmental laws operate and should be implemented.
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Ndhlovu, Raymond. "The impact of the cultural and creative industries on the economic growth and development of small cities and towns - guidelines for creating a regional cultural policy." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/61524.
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The arts and cultural sector has come under even more financial strain than it previously was, as it has to compete with other sectors of the economy for the very limited public funding that is available. It is in this context that the economic impact, and the role, of the arts and cultural sector towards advancing economic growth and development, needs be examined. This thesis investigates the potential for the positive impact of the cultural and creative industries (CCIs) on growth and development of small cities and towns. Furthermore, it also provides guidelines for the development of regional cultural policy in small cities and towns. The CCIs have also been touted as a catalyst for economic growth and economic development, hence the global rise in their interest. For example, the CCIs have been used to redevelop and revive urban areas that have been rundown. CCIs, however, tend to develop in clusters, and additionally, they cluster around large cities. However, the lack of reliance of some CCIs on long supply chains or high-technology inputs may make them suitable candidates for investment in small cities and towns. Additionally, the link that small cities and towns have with rural and isolated areas makes them potential engines for driving growth, development, as well as employment creation for these areas, given their decline as a result of the transition from the traditional agricultural economy, to the knowledge economy. As CCIs have the propensity to drive government’s macroeconomic objectives such as efficiency, equity, economic growth and job creation, it is necessary to develop cultural policy that regards this. The tendency of CCIs to cluster and develop around large cities inevitably means that very little research into cultural policy directed towards regions without large cities and towns has been done. By the same token, very little research has also been conducted on how to craft cultural policy for such areas. In order then, for cultural policy for regions without large cities and towns to be developed, it is necessary to investigate, and provide, guidelines on, how to develop cultural policy for such regions. As a case study, the Sarah Baartman District Municipality (SBDM) in the Eastern Cape was chosen. The SBDM has no large cities and towns, but the District Municipality has identified the CCIs as a potential growth sector, and is in the process of developing a regional cultural policy. The area also includes Grahamstown, which not only hosts the National Arts Festival, which is the largest arts event of its type in Africa, but is also piloting the “Creative City” project in South Africa. An audit and mapping study was conducted on the CCIs in the SBDM; this was based on a national mapping study commissioned by the Department of Arts and Culture. Further internet searches, as well as consultations with the provincial and regional Department of Arts of Culture, coupled with snowball sampling, also aided in the identification of CCIs, and consequently, the “creative hotspots” within the SBDM. Two random samples of stakeholders were chosen; the CCI owners and practitioners, as well as key stakeholders such as government officials, and interviews conducted with both groups, in order to get a first-hand perspective on the operations, activities, challenges, and opportunities that are faced by the CCIs. The study found that there were at least 441 CCIs in the SBDM, with two local municipalities (Dr. Beyers Naude and Makana) hosting the largest share of these (145 and 113 CCIs in each local municipality respectively), which indicates some support for the ‘clustering’ theory. It was also found that the local municipalities that had the largest number of CCIs also experienced better socio-economic welfare. Furthermore, based on the UNESCO Framework for Cultural Statistics (FCS) domains, the Visual Arts and Crafts; Information, Books and Press; and, Cultural Heritage domains were the largest domains represented in the SBDM. It was concluded that cultural policy that is developed, ought to take advantage of, and build on, these existing clusters, as well as the domains that are most prevalent in the region. To demonstrate the impact of cultural festivals on growth and development, a socio-economic impact study was undertaken at the 2016 National Arts Festival (NAF) in Grahamstown. Face to interviews, as well as self-completion questionnaires were used, with respondents at different venues, attending a variety of shows, and across a range of demographics, being interviewed, in order to get a representative sample of Festival attendees. It was found that the economic impact of the 2016 NAF on the city of Grahamstown was R94.4 million. Over and above the economic value of the NAF, it was also found that there were nonmarket benefits (social and intrinsic values) of the NAF, that included audience development, education of the arts and culture, social cohesion, and community development. The inability to directly track and measure social and intrinsic values proved to be a challenge. The study concluded that in order for successful cultural policy to be developed in regions without large cities and towns, it is first necessary to carry out a study to identify what resources are present, and where they are. Locating resources enables cluster identification - as clusters encourage comparative and competitive advantage, it is worthwhile to invest in areas where there are clusters. Therefore, in the allocation of scarce public funds, cultural policy needs to guide investment in to areas where established clusters indicate existing comparative advantage. In terms of equity and transformation, it is also necessary to evaluate labour markets and ownership patterns when developing cultural policy. Beyond the analysis of physical and human resources, the study also found that a crucial step towards developing successful cultural policy is identification of opportunities and challenges faced by the practitioners themselves; the policy ought to capitalise on the opportunities, whilst attempting to correct the challenges faced. Also of importance is aligning the proposed policy and its objectives with regional, provincial and national aims and objectives. Finally, it is important to include a monitoring and evaluation tool that will evaluate the performance of the policy against its stated aims and objectives.
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White, Richard Charles Crookes. "Small town South Africa: the historical geography of selected Eastern Cape towns and current development initiatives within them." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003288.
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Small towns can be seen as the fundamental building blocks of tbe urban system. Through time, some of these towns have lost the primary reason for their existence. Some towns that have been declining or stagnating include old mining and industrial towns, such as Indwe in the Eastern Cape or Welkom in the Free State. Some towns have also changed the main focus of tbeir economy, for example, from that of mining to that of tourism, as in the case of Utrecht in Kwa-Zulu Natal (Nel, 2002). In light of the above, this thesis seeks to critically evaluate what has happened in selected small towns in the Eastern Cape. The research investigated a number of towns in the Eastern Cape, looking at the history and influence of colonisation, population dynamics, education levels, employment opportunities, migration and the influence of capitalism on the economic and social structure of the town, as well as tbe evolution of its economy. The research sample consisted of interviews witb local historians, community leaders, development agencies and individuals who were benefiting from tbe various development initiatives/project in the towns. These interviews, in conjunction with the literature identified, were conducted in the selected small towns, assessing whether development was succeeding and, in conclusion, identifying witb reference to the study sites, what was learnt. The research process generated a number of lessons that need to be taken into consideration when attempting social and economic upliftment in small towns. These include: the need for leadership, support from the local population and the need for financial assistance to support and uplift the community.KMBT_363
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