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1

Gevurtz, Franklin A. "Groups of Companies." American Journal of Comparative Law 66, suppl_1 (July 2018): 181–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcl/avy015.

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Garrido, Celso, and Wilson Peres. "Big Latin American industrial companies and groups." CEPAL Review 1998, no. 66 (December 1, 1998): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/7326c1e4-en.

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3

Bouderhem, Rabaï. "Groups of Companies in European Comparative Law." European Business Law Review 32, Issue 2 (April 1, 2021): 177–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2021008.

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Groups of companies are today key players in international trade through their crossborder activities. Their asset management – sometimes to the detriment of a subsidiary – or tax optimisation offered by a multitude of laws applicable to their subsidiaries make it essential to regulate groups more closely. It is unanimously accepted in France or the UK, for example, that the group of companies does not have its own nationality or a single lex societatis. However, this classic solution could be revisited and the group of companies could be apprehended as a single legal unit in specific cases. Today, few national laws deal with groups of companies as a legal unit. Very often, these are scattered provisions. In many European states, an economic unit of the group can sometimes be retained by certain legislative and regulatory provisions but also by the courts such as in competition law or in tax and social matters. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that regulation of groups of companies deserves to be revived by the European authorities and that the economic, political and social challenges are considerable for all member states of the European Union and beyond. Indeed, the Court of Justice of the European Union has shown real normative power with regard to groups of companies, due to the absence of a directive or regulation applicable to groups. The German legislation on groups of companies is a prime example and the regulations relating to the European company remind us that a consensus is possible at the level of the European Union.
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Rossignoli, Francesca. "Italian compliance programmes in groups of companies." International Journal of Auditing Technology 1, no. 3/4 (2013): 294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaudit.2013.057732.

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5

Tanne, J. H. "US doctors' groups criticise insurance companies' ratings." BMJ 341, aug04 2 (August 4, 2010): c4168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c4168.

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6

Johnson, Ukpong Uwem. "Group Cohesiveness and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Oil Companies in Nigeria." Journal of Advanced Research in Quality Control & Management 4, no. 1 (August 17, 2019): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2582.3280.201907.

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7

Buchta, S., and Z. Štulrajter. "Marginalised groups of rural population." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 54, No. 12 (December 18, 2008): 566–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/285-agricecon.

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The paper deals with the analysis of the typology of unemployed people in agriculture. Approximately 35–40% of people from this unemployment group have already no more chance to be reintegrated into the labour market. The analysis points to out the regional occurrence of this type of unemployment (less urbanised sub-mountain areas, stagnating and backward regions facing various processes of de-industrialisation, etc) and evaluates its wider socio-economic impacts. After 2000, the fragmentation of employment contracts in the corporative types of farms (agricultural co-operatives and companies) begins to appear in the agricultural sector. The category of seasonal agricultural workers with decreased labour and social protection begins to emerge as well. As a result of the strategy to cope with the situation, a certain self-supplying (subsistence farming) subculture was established in the Slovak rural areas to mitigate the difficult economic conditions of the rural households endangered by income deprivation, including the decreased purchasing power of rural population.
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8

Corapi, Diego. "The Law on Groups of Companies in Italy." European Company Law 16, Issue 4 (August 1, 2019): 121–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2019018.

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9

Suri, Noémi. "Insolvent Groups of Companies in the European Union." Bratislava Law Review 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.46282/blr.2020.4.2.179.

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Before 26 June 2017, there was no single universal regulation governing the treatment of insolvency cases concerning groups of companies or certain members of a group in the European Union. The Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings defines the effective execution of insolvency proceedings at the different group members involved as the general objective of the legal source. The aim of my paper is to review the detailed rules of group coordination proceedings, during which I focus on the request for opening group coordination proceedings, on the possibility of defining which court has jurisdiction, on the review of the opt-out and opt-in rights related to group coordination proceedings and on the presentation of the powers assigned to the coordinator.Before 26 June 2017, there was no single universal regulation governing the treatment of insolvency cases concerning groups of companies or certain members of a group in the European Union. The Regulation (EU) 2015/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2015 on insolvency proceedings defines the effective execution of insolvency proceedings at the different group members involved as the general objective of the legal source. The aim of my paper is to review the detailed rules of group coordination proceedings, during which I focus on the request for opening group coordination proceedings, on the possibility of defining which court has jurisdiction, on the review of the opt-out and opt-in rights related to group coordination proceedings and on the presentation of the powers assigned to the coordinator.
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10

Trivun, Veljko. "Groups of Companies and Liability within the Group." Journal of Forensic Accounting Profession 1, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 61–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jfap-2021-0005.

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Abstract Groups of companies have existed ever since the early 20th century in the legal and economic terms. Over time, their concept was complemented, both in legislation and in the corporate practice. The issue of establishing and managing groups of companies is regulated by the corporate legislation. It particularly regulates the concept of the controlling and subsidiary company, company with mutual shares, holding, concern, association of companies and other forms of company associations. In terms of the legal definition, these are associated companies composed of two or more companies that are affiliated to each other as follows: by share in equity or membership interests (equity-related companies), by contract (contract-related companies); by equity and contract (mixed-related companies). These associated companies include a parent company and one or more subsidiary companies, which may be related by equity, contract or both. Besides the general concept of the associated companies, the author aims to point to the liability in a common activity as a group of companies. A particular attention is drawn to the legal treatment and obligations resulting from the International Accounting Standards and binding financial statements related to them.
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11

Engsig Sørensen, Karsten. "Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence in Groups of Companies." European Company Law 19, Issue 5 (October 1, 2022): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2022021.

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The new proposal for a Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) will require that certain parent companies must conduct due diligence in their subsidiaries. To comply a parent company needs to determine which subsidiaries are covered by these duties, how to conduct this due diligence and finally how it may be enforced by stakeholders in the subsidiaries. An analysis of the proposal shows that the answer to these very relevant questions is not always straightforward nor are the solutions chosen in the proposal always the most optimal. Furthermore, it seems likely that the proposed directive – if adopted – will affect how groups are structured and how they operate. corporate groups, Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive, parent and subsidiary companies
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12

Sándor, Tamás, and Tamás Sárközy. "Regulatory approaches to groups of companies in Hungary." European Business Organization Law Review 2, no. 2 (June 2001): 263–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1566752900000446.

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13

Habegger, Philipp. "Arbitration and Groups of Companies — the Swiss Practice." European Business Organization Law Review 3, no. 3 (September 2002): 517–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1566752900001038.

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14

van Galen, Robert. "The Recast Insolvency Regulation and groups of companies." ERA Forum 16, no. 2 (August 2015): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12027-015-0399-7.

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15

Siemon, Klaus, and Frank Frind. "Groups of Companies in Insolvency: A German Perspective." International Insolvency Review 22, no. 2 (April 19, 2013): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/iir.1207.

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16

Castrillón-Castaño, Yuly Vanessa, Yulieth Catalina Correa-Marulanda, Daniela Jaramillo-Bedoya, and Jaime Andrés Correa-García. "Acciones de valor compartido realizadas por los grupos empresariales de Colombia." Suma de Negocios 12, no. 27 (December 15, 2021): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14349/sumneg/2021.v12.n27.a3.

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The objective of this paper is to identify actions referred to the creating shared value (CSV) carried out by Colombian Business Groups (BG). CSV allows organizations to realize what business success not only depends on the maximization of financial results, but also requires on the positive contribution to the environment and communities where they operate. The article focuses on BG, because they are the predominant organizational form for large Latin American and Colombian companies. We worked with a sample of 38 BG s listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange using their corporate reports through a content analysis. It was found that many of these BGs s perform various activities that presuppose the existence of benefits and two-way value generation between stakeholders and companies, so this article opens space for future work considering that it is an emerging research topic.
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17

Joshi, Alpa. "A Study of Pat and Pbt Analysis of Selected Bse B Group Companies." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 9 (June 1, 2012): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/sep2013/18.

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18

Mintzes, Barbara. "Should patient groups accept money from drug companies? No." BMJ 334, no. 7600 (May 3, 2007): 935. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39185.394005.ad.

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19

Kent, Alastair. "Should patient groups accept money from drug companies? Yes." BMJ 334, no. 7600 (May 3, 2007): 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39185.461968.ad.

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20

Labhane, Nishant B., and Jitendra Mahakud. "Dividend Smoothing and Business Groups: Evidence from Indian Companies." Global Business Review 19, no. 3 (February 21, 2018): 690–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150917713866.

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This article examines the determinants of dividend smoothing behaviour of business group-affiliated firms relative to unaffiliated firms in India during the period from 1994–1995 to 2012–2013. The study is based on 240 sample firms listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) that has continuous dividend data for the entire period. The business group-affiliated firms tend to smooth their dividend payments more than that of standalone firms and the actual payout ratio as well as the target payout ratio of business group-affiliated firms is higher than that of standalone firms. For the determinants of dividend smoothing, the investment opportunities and the financial leverage are the significant factors influencing the dividend smoothing behaviour of business group-affiliated firms and standalone firms, respectively. For the entire sample, the firms with high investment opportunities, low leverage, high business risk and that are smaller in size tend to smooth their dividend payments more. As for the macroeconomic factors, the high dividend distribution tax (DDT) imposed by government tends the firms to smooth their dividend payments more. Overall, the results support the information asymmetry and agency-based explanation of dividend smoothing behaviour.
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21

Day, Michael. "UK drug companies must disclose funding of patients' groups." BMJ 332, no. 7533 (January 12, 2006): 69.2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.332.7533.69-a.

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22

Romero‐Frías, Esteban, and Liwen Vaughan. "Patterns of web linking to heterogeneous groups of companies." Aslib Proceedings 62, no. 2 (March 23, 2010): 144–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00012531011034964.

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23

Voelker, Rebecca. "Study: Few Advocacy Groups Disclose Grants From Drug Companies." JAMA 305, no. 7 (February 16, 2011): 662. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.119.

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24

Zimon, Grzegorz. "ANALYSIS OF ASSET MANAGEMENT IN COMMERCIAL COMPANIES FORMING PURCHASING GROUPS." Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, no. 471 (2017): 449–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2017.471.41.

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25

Richard, Julie. "Comparison between UK and French Taxation of Groups of Companies." Intertax 31, Issue 1 (January 1, 2003): 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/taxi2003004.

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26

Iacobucci, G. "Private companies are appointed to provide support to commissioning groups." BMJ 350, feb09 12 (February 9, 2015): h769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.h769.

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27

Xavier, Wlamir, Silvio Parodi Camilo, Rosilene Marcon, and Frederick Greene. "OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE OF FAMILY BUSINESS GROUPS." Revista Visão: Gestão Organizacional 9, no. 2 (December 14, 2020): 240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33362/visao.v9i2.2470.

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This study seeks to analyze the relationship between the ownership structure of Family Business Groups and the institutional environment. Family Business Groups prevail in emerging countries as diverse organizational structures that aggregate various companies under the control of a family or a reduced number of people. This economically relevant structure is responsible for a significant share of countries' Gross Domestic Product and frequently congregates the largest private companies in their respective countries. Institutional reforms have been implemented in emerging economies in order to support the integration of other nations from a trade perspective. This paper contributes to the literature by developing propositions on the effect of institutional reforms on the ownership structure of Family Business Groups.
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28

Vergote, Ignace, Eric Pujade-Lauraine, Sandro Pignata, Gunnar B. Kristensen, Jonathan Ledermann, Antonio Casado, Jalid Sehouli, et al. "European Network of Gynaecological Oncological Trial Groups' Requirements for Trials Between Academic Groups and Pharmaceutical Companies." International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 20, no. 3 (April 2010): 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/igc.0b013e3181d3caa8.

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29

Pedraza, Alvaro. "Informed Trading in Business Groups." World Bank Economic Review 34, no. 2 (December 11, 2018): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhy012.

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Abstract Business groups, which are collections of legally independent companies with a significant amount of common ownership, dominate private sector activity in developing countries. This paper studies information flows within these groups by examining the trading performance of institutional investors in firms that belong to the same group. Using a novel dataset with complete transaction records in Colombia, this paper estimates the difference in returns between trades of asset managers in group-affiliated companies and trades of non-affiliated managers in the same stocks during the same period. The data show that affiliated managers display superior timing ability and that their trades outperform those of non-affiliated managers by 0.85 percent per month. The evidence suggests that institutional investors with group affiliation access information that is only available to members of the group. In order to limit the use of private information, financial authorities might need to expand their disclosure rules to monitor the trades of group-affiliated investors.
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Garg, Risham. "Issues in Insolvency of Enterprise Groups." Journal of National Law University Delhi 6, no. 1 (June 2019): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277401719870006.

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Insolvency of enterprise groups has long remained an enigmatic and untouched issue in the realm of international insolvency law. Recently, the Working Group V of United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL WG V) has taken up the onerous task to fill this void and to draft an instrument/model law to govern international aspects of insolvency resolution of enterprise groups (two or more enterprises that are interconnected by control or significant ownership)2 including obligations of directors of enterprise group companies for acts done in the ‘twilight zone’. This article attempts to introduce and outline certain key issues relating to insolvency resolution of enterprise group companies and discuss a few of them, reserving a comprehensive discussion shared in subsequent papers.
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Artsidakis, Stylianos, Yiannis Thalassinos, Theofanis Petropoulos, and Konstantinos Liapis. "Optimum Structure of Corporate Groups." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 15, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15020088.

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Corporate groups consist of a set of companies, often described as subsidiaries, which are usually controlled by one single entity, the parent or holding company. The term control means the parent company’s rights to direct the relevant activities of other companies. A parent company can control a subsidiary either directly or indirectly through its voting power. Groups’ structure can be very complex usually with multiple crossholding and loop participations driving to not observable sharing rights. The aim of this paper is to examine how the parent company of a group with given participation rates can increase its capital by changing the share structure of the group and maintain management control over the group while the least capital comes from the majority. Furthermore, using evolver software we derive to the new optimal structure of the group and the maximum parent’s cash inflow from shares exchange. The value of this research to show the possibility for a parent company to create additional capital, by maximizing the minority interest, and at the same time direct voting rights in its favor.
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SOLOVIEV, D. А., and A. Yu ANTYUKHOV. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF INVESTMENTS IN INTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN STEEL GROUPS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 7 (2021): 108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.07.01.014.

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Investments in the stock market are becoming more attractive against the background of a reduction in the key bank rate. For the Russian investor, there are new opportunities to increase capital, including by buying shares of large international and Russian companies. When diversifying the investment portfolio, it is necessary to choose companies from different sectors of the economy. The article is devoted to the risk assessment of investments in metallurgical companies. It turns out how risky it is to invest in Russian steel giants compared to international corporations.
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33

Hanotiau, Bernard. "Non-signatories, Groups of Companies and Groups of Contracts in Selected Asian Countries: A Case Law Analysis." Journal of International Arbitration 32, Issue 6 (December 1, 2015): 571–619. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2015029.

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More than one-third of all international arbitration cases filed these recent years have involved issues of non-signatories, groups of companies or groups of contracts. The scenarios are diverse, but they frequently involve one of the following questions: is it possible to join and decide together in one arbitral procedure all the disputes which arise from the various contracts relating to the same project or to decide under the arbitration clause contained in one contract disputes arising under one or more related agreements; or in the context of a group of companies, whether one or more entities which belong to the group may be properly considered to be parties to the arbitration agreement even though they have not signed formally the contract containing the arbitration clause. The present article analyses published decisions rendered on these issues in selected Asian countries, namely, Singapore, Mainland China, Hong Kong, India, South Korea, Malaysia, and Japan.
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34

Jones, Geoffrey, and Judith Wale. "Merchants as Business Groups: British Trading Companies in Asia before 1945." Business History Review 72, no. 3 (1998): 367–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116215.

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Merchants formed an important component of British foreign direct investment before 1945. Locating in parts of Asia, Latin America and other developing economies, they often diversified into non-trading activities, including the ownership of plantations. This article examines three such British firms active initially in Asia, though with operations also in North America, Europe, and Africa. Often regarded as handicapped by managerial failings, especially from the early twentieth century, the authors cast these firms as more entrepreneurial and possessing greater managerial competencies than has been suggested. The article argues that their business strategies continued to evolve in the interwar years and that, when viewed as business groups, their organizational forms were robust, though considerable diversity in the performance of the three British firms can be observed. This evidence is shown to have implications for wider debates about the competencies of British management as a whole.
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35

Venger, V. "The development of Ukraine's mining and metallurgy companies within business groups." Ekonomìka ì prognozuvannâ 2015, no. 1 (April 15, 2015): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/eip2015.01.064.

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36

Freinkman, Lev. "Financial‐industrial groups in Russia: Emergence of large diversified private companies." Communist Economies and Economic Transformation 7, no. 1 (March 1995): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14631379508427810.

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Tuffs, Annette. "Sponsorship of patients' groups by drug companies should be made transparent." BMJ 333, no. 7581 (December 14, 2006): 1238.5–1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39062.360289.db.

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38

Spahos, Danny. "Lenders, Borrowing Groups of Companies and Corporate Guarantees: An Insolvency Perspective." Journal of Corporate Law Studies 1, no. 2 (December 2001): 333–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14735970.2001.11419865.

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39

Reynoso Espinoza, Deivit Wilfredo, and Lydia Arbaiza Fermini. "Discusión de los roles de las actividades de la empresa, los consumidores y los grupos de interés en el cambio del valor de las marcas." Iberoamerican Business Journal 6, no. 2 (January 31, 2023): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.22451/5817.ibj2023.vol6.2.11073.

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Este ensayo discute sobre algunos de los grupos y roles que se deben considerar en el análisis de los cambios en el valor de las marcas. Se plantean los roles activos y pasivos que tienen: las actividades de la empresa, los grupos de interés de la empresa y los consumidores. Las actividades de las empresas se vinculan con el valor de las marcas directamente a través de sus productos, pero especialmente por la experiencia, identidad y la moral de sus procesos. Los grupos de interés agregan la perspectiva que genera la imagen ética de la empresa en el valor de las marcas, como lo son las responsabilidades medioambientales, su integridad y la creación de valor compartido. Los consumidores son los principales agentes modificadores del valor de la marca. Estos no solo ligan el valor del producto adquirido con la satisfacción de la necesidad, sino agregan constructos sociales que identifican, distinguen y pueden clasificar a las empresas modificando su valor, gracias a la difusión de boca a boca físico y virtual (redes sociales). Este ensayo cobra especial importancia porque en los últimos años sean incrementado las empresas cuyas marcas superan en valor a las de sus activos tradicionales, y se necesita de análisis adicionales para entender este fenómeno.
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Avdasheva, S. "Russian Holding Company Groups: New Empirical Evidence." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 1 (January 20, 2007): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-1-98-111.

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The article is devoted to Russian holding company groups. New sample survey data allow discussing the scale of expansion and internal structure of these groups, incentives to create them, the patterns of corporate governance and decision-making, scale of their internal financial market. In spite of the fact that holding company groups are extremely heterogeneous, most of them constitute new companies, which overcome the weaknesses of insider ownership model, with converged ownership and management. Companies in the holdings retain certain degree of autonomy in decision-making, and at the same time this process is connected with corporate governance procedures. Still the trends in the development of corporate governance are controversial and it is too early to conclude that the model of ownership separated from management inside the holding company groups has definitely proved its viability.
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41

Duan, Xiao, and Zhan-ming Jin. "Positioning decisions within strategic groups." Management Decision 52, no. 10 (November 11, 2014): 1858–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2013-0415.

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Purpose – Strategic group has been intensively studied since this term emerged in 1970s, but previous studies have been limited to the comparisons between groups such as performance comparison. The purpose of this paper is to explore the internal structure of strategic groups by examining the effect of strategic distance from a firm to the center of its strategic group on firm performance. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on data acquired from the annual reports of listed companies and some Chinese domestic databases, including CSMAR Solution, WIND financial database, and China Core Newspapers Full-text Database. After grouping listed pharmaceutical companies in China over the period 2010-2011, the authors test three hypotheses by using fixed effect regressions. Findings – The paper finds that the strategic distance from a firm to the center of its strategic group has a significant negative effect on the firm's financial performance. Two factors are discovered to influence that effect: corporate diversification strengthens the negative effect of strategic distance on performance, while firm's media visibility weakens that negative effect. Originality/value – The findings reveal the relationship between intra-group strategic positioning and firm performance, and specify how firms can gain competitive advantage through positioning choices and strategic actions. This study promotes the establishment of a more comprehensive strategic group theory by revealing the structure within strategic groups.
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42

Zeghib, Abdelghani. "Le groupe affine d’une variété riemannienne compacte." Communications in Analysis and Geometry 5, no. 1 (1997): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/cag.1997.v5.n1.a4.

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43

Payne, Alison. "‘The growing practice of calling in continental film groups’." VIEW Journal of European Television History and Culture 6, no. 11 (September 22, 2017): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18146/2213-0969.2017.jethc124.

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While the development of commercial television advertising in Britain is often framed in the context of the American model, this paper will argue that London advertising agencies looked across the Channel to French and Dutch production companies and personnel, particularly in the first five years of commercial television, from 1955-1960. Using case studies, this paper will illustrate the involvement of these Continental companies and personnel on the production of advertising films for British commercial television, and identify the reasons why they were replaced by their British counterparts from the early 60s.
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44

Ueda, Junko. "Directors’ Duties and Liability in Corporate Groups: A Japanese Perspective." European Business Law Review 27, Issue 2 (April 1, 2016): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eulr2016010.

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This article examines the issue of directors’ duties and civil liability from a Japanese perspective, particularly in the group context. Regulation of group companies has been widely discussed in the company law debates of Japan, but the article focuses on the reform initiative that resulted in the amendment of the Japanese Companies Act in 2014. Directors’ duties and civil liability have always been central in company law. However, when we place it in the group context, multiple difficulties arise and the facts that may require special protection could vary. The article analyses how the past and present Japanese company law, including the 2014 amendments, has attempted to cope with the multiple difficulties surrounding regulation of parentsubsidiary companies and protection of stakeholders of either company, in some typical patterns of the facts, and consider the remaining issues towards future.
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Nahid, Farzana, Edmund Terence Gomez, and Shakila Yacob. "Entrepreneurship, State–business Ties and Business Groups in Bangladesh." Journal of South Asian Development 14, no. 3 (December 2019): 367–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973174119895181.

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This study analyses how domestic companies in Bangladesh emerged as major conglomerates, despite little help from a weak state that could hardly nurture its enterprises. Using a business history approach, this study traces the development of Bangladesh’s leading business groups. The history indicates that the entrepreneurial capacity and the creation of close ties with the State were the core factors that helped these business groups survive and grow in an economy led by a state that could do little to promote and offer policies that help in fostering the growth of domestic companies in an emerging economy.
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46

Feintuch, Pierre. "La Compagnie électrique de la Loire et du Centre. D’une compagnie régionale à un groupe national." Bulletin d'histoire de l'électricité 13, no. 1 (1989): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/helec.1989.1096.

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Lee, Kyung Geun and 변혜정. "The Taxation of Foreign Passive Income for Groups of Companies in Korea." Journal of IFA, Korea 30, no. 1 (February 2014): 333–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17324/ifakjl.30.1.201402.009.

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48

Sukhanov, E. A. "On the Legal Status of Groups of Companies in Modern Foreign Literature." Civil law review 17, no. 4 (2017): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.24031/1992-2043-2017-17-4-283-295.

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49

Kim, Byungki, Jinhan Pae, and Choong-Yuel Yoo. "Business Groups and Tunneling: Evidence from Corporate Charitable Contributions by Korean Companies." Journal of Business Ethics 154, no. 3 (January 6, 2017): 643–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3415-0.

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50

Hoyt, James, and Hugh Sherman. "Strategic groups, exit barriers and strategy decision constraints in high-tech companies." Journal of High Technology Management Research 15, no. 2 (August 2004): 237–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2004.03.005.

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