Journal articles on the topic 'Group W Productions'
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Yang, Fengqi, Won-Young Cho, Nayeon Lee, Da-Hee Kim, Jihye Lee, Hyun-Jin Lee, Han Geuk Seo, and Chi-Ho Lee. "Effects of Boswellia Serrata and Whey Protein Powders on Physicochemical Properties of Pork Patties." Foods 9, no. 3 (March 12, 2020): 334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9030334.
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Processed meat products are prone to oxidative damage and quality decline during storage; however, these problems can be mitigated by the proper formulation of meat productions. This study evaluated the effects of natural anti-oxidants found in Boswellia serrata (B), whey protein powder (W), and their combination on pork patties during storage, exploring changes in textural properties and lipid oxidation susceptibility. The 2% whey-added group exhibited a higher crude protein content than the untreated control group. The highest water-holding capacity and lowest cooking losses were observed in mixed-additive groups (WB1 (2% W/0.5% B) and WB2 (2% W/1.0% B), and the highest sensory scores for overall acceptability were obtained for WB1. Adding B. serrata can neutralize the hardness caused by whey powder, thereby improving palatability. From 7 d (days 7), the extents of lipid oxidation, determined using 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) analysis, for the WB1 and WB2 groups were significantly lower than that of the control group. The WB1 and WB2 groups exhibited substantially suppressed total bacterial colony and Escherichia coli counts relative to the control group. Our findings suggest that the additive combination of B. serrata and whey protein powders can suppress lipid oxidation, improve storage stability, and enhance textural properties in the production of functional pork patties.
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Chaney, Carolyn. "Acoustic Analysis of Correct and Misarticulated Semivowels." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 31, no. 2 (June 1988): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3102.275.
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Four children who produced correct /w,r,l,j/, four children with developmental w/r and w/l substitutions, and four articulation impaired children with w/r and w/l substitutions were subjects. They produced sets of minimally contrasted words with /w,r,l,j/ in word-initial position with four vowels and with /w,r,l/ in two types of consonant clusters. Children's utterances were spectrographically analyzed for three formant frequencies and transition rate of the second formant. Children with correct semivowels produced distinctive formant frequency patterns for semivowels that were similar to those previously reported in the literature for adults and children. Developmental and articulation impaired children produced acoustic features for /j/ that were similar to the /j/ produced by the control group; but neither group differentiated among /w,r,l/ by either formant frequencies or transition rate. Some individuals in both groups produced formant frequency and/or transition rate differences among semivowels in some phonetic contexts. The /w/ produced for target /w/ and in substitution for /r/ and /l/ by three developmental children and two articulation-impaired children did not match the acoustic pattern of control /w/. These productions had higher second formants, occurring between control /w/ and /r,l/ or in the range of correct /r,l/.
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Zhao, Yanbing, Caiqian Yang, Chengyu Yan, Jing Yang, and Zhiren Wu. "Design and Properties of Coal Gangue-Based Geopolymer Mortar." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 1932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111932.
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The feasibility of preparing coal gangue-based geopolymer mortar (CGBGM) with composite-activated coal gangue was experimentally explored in this paper. The effects of water-to-binder ratio (W/B), alkali content (A), and slag content (S) on the fluidity and performances of the CGBGM were experimentally investigated. The ANOVA method was employed to evaluate the significance level of influenced factors. Moreover, the microstructure, element compositions, and qualitative microanalysis of the CGBGM at various curing ages were verified by ESEM-EDS. Test results denoted that the mechanical properties of the CGBGM are superior to that of ordinary Portland cement mortar (OPCM). The flexural and compressive strength of the CGBGM rapidly increases before 7 d and then tends to slow afterward. According to the impact degree on the flexural and compressive strength of the CGBGM, the S is ranked first, followed by the A, and finally the W/B. The flexural and compressive strength of specimens with 40% slag increased by 45.97% and 90.75%, respectively, compared to the control group. However, the A and W/B have little effect on flexural strength. In addition, the hydration productions filled in the crevice and healed the entrapped microcracks in the hardened paste with the increase in curing ages, forming a dense microstructure. The Ca/Si decreased from 0.5 at 3 d to 0.06 at 28 d, and the Ca/Al decreased from 0.25 at 3 d to 0.05 at 28 d. Finally, the difference in drying shrinkage behavior between the CGBGM and OPCM was systematically analyzed.
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Moreno–Torres, Ignacio, and Enrique Nava. "Consonant and vowel articulation accuracy in younger and middle-aged Spanish healthy adults." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): e0242018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242018.
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Children acquire vowels earlier than consonants, and the former are less vulnerable to speech disorders than the latter. This study explores the hypothesis that a similar contrast exists later in life and that consonants are more vulnerable to ageing than vowels. Data was obtained with two experiments comparing the speech of Younger Adults (YAs) and Middle–aged Adults (MAs). In the first experiment an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system was trained with a balanced corpus of 29 YAs and 27 MAs. The productions of each speaker were obtained in a Spanish language word (W) and non–word (NW) repetition task. The performance of the system was evaluated with the same corpus used for training using a cross validation approach. The ASR system recognized to a similar extent the Ws of both groups of speakers, but it was more successful with the NWs of the YAs than with those of the MAs. Detailed error analysis revealed that the MA speakers scored below the YA speakers for consonants and also for the place and manner of articulation features; the results were almost identical in both groups of speakers for vowels and for the voicing feature. In the second experiment a group of healthy native listeners was asked to recognize isolated syllables presented with background noise. The target speakers were one YA and one MA that had taken part in the first experiment. The results were consistent with those of the ASR experiment: the manner and place of articulation were better recognized, and vowels and voicing were worse recognized, in the YA speaker than in the MA speaker. We conclude that consonant articulation is more vulnerable to ageing than vowel articulation. Future studies should explore whether or not these early and selective changes in articulation accuracy might be caused by changes in speech perception skills (e.g., in auditory temporal processing).
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ARNOWITT, R., V. BARGER, M. BARNETT, R. BLAIR, L. CLAVELLI, N. G. DESHPANDE, M. DREES, et al. "SUPERSTRINGS: GROUP REPORT." International Journal of Modern Physics A 02, no. 04 (August 1987): 1097–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x87000491.
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A summary is given of the results obtained by the Superstring working group. New physics phenomena arising from superstring models that might be detected at the SSC as well as their possible backgrounds were investigated. Topics examined were models with extra Z bosons and right handed W bosons, detection of Winos, Zinos and gluinos and production of heavy squarkonium.
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DAMAZIAK, Krzysztof, Monika MICHALCZUK, and Anna KUREK. "Comparsion of production performance of two genetic groups of turkeys reared in the Semi-intensive system." Journal of Central European Agriculture 13, no. 3 (2012): 403–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5513/jcea01/13.3.1064.
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Yun, Mi-Young, and Hye-Won Kim. "Effects of Trichosanthis Radix Extract on Collagen Production." Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology 30, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 408–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52660/jksc.2024.30.2.408.
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This study was conducted to study the effects of Trichosanthis Radix water extract (TR-W) and Trichosanthis Radix 60% ethanol extract (TR-E) on collagen production. As a result of conducting a cytotoxicity experiment on HDFn cells and RAW 264.7 cells, the experiment was conducted at a concentration of TR-W and TR-E at 100 mg/ml, which does not significantly affect the survival rate in HDF and RAW 264.7 cells. The effect on collagen synthesis ability showed an increase of 52% for the positive control group L-AA (vitamin C) 52% for TR-W 25% and TR-E 36% at 100 mg/ml proving its effect on collagen synthesis ability. In terms of inhibition of MMP-1 expression related to collagen damage L-AA (vitamin C) a positive control group, showed an inhibitory effect of 54%, and TR-W and TR-E showed an inhibitory effect of 72% and 68% at 100 mg/ml, thereby inhibiting collagen decomposition enzyme. MMP-1 was stably inhibited. Compared to Control, the free radical scavenging activity of L-AA (vitamin C) a positive control group, showed a scavenging activity of 108.4%, and in TR-W and TR-E, it showed an inhibitory effect of 93.4% and 98.2% at 100 mg/ml. In NO related to inflammation, showed an anti-inflammatory effect of 67.4% and 50.2% at a concentration of 100 mg/ml of TR-W and TR-E compared to the control group, which is expected to have a positive effect on collagen production due to inflammation. This study The results are judged to have the highest utility value as a functional cosmetic material considering the stability of the skin in the future.
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Kulykovets, Olena, Maria Jeznach, Małgorzata Kosicka-Gębska, and Anna Kudlińska-Chylak. "Kształtowanie się rynku miodu w krajach Unii Europejskiej w latach 2001–2013." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 120 (December 29, 2017): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2017.120.42.
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The article presents changes in honey production in the countries of EU in years 2001–2013. The method used in the article divided honey producers by size of the production: large, medium and small. Honey production in the group of small producers was the most dynamically growing, where the average annual growth rate was 2.93% in the considered period. Identified large volatility of honey production in the EU, which indicates the uncertainty and strong reactions of producers to the market situation. Therefore it is very important to support apiculture programs as contribution to the increasing of honey production and consumption in the respective countries.
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Priyanto, Slamet, Anansya Putri Intan, Bambang Rianto, Tutuk Djoko Kusworo, Bambang Pramudono, Edi Untoro, and Puspa Ratu. "The Effect of Acid Concentration (H2SO4) on the Yield and Functional Group during Lignin Isolation of Biomass Waste Pulp and Paper Industry." Reaktor 19, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 162–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.19.4.162-167.
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Declining oil production in Indonesia lately has been much discussed by industrial practitioners, especially from the petroleum industry. The decrease is due to the age of old drilling wells with high water cut (> 90%), so it is necessary to pursue a production method that can increase the production of these old wells. The EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) method is one way of extracting oil from oil wells that cannot be further retrieved by injecting materials that are not in the reservoir. One ingredient that can be injected is Sodium Ligno Sulfonate (SLS) surfactant derived from lignin. Lignin was obtained from the lignin isolation process from Black Liquor, which in this study came from the pulp and paper mill waste of PT. Indah Kiat, Pekanbaru, Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in H2SO4 concentrations (concentrations of 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% w/w) on the yield of lignin isolation results, and to compare the functional groups between dirty lignin, clean lignin, and pure lignin using FT-IR. Based on the research results, it was found that the best lignin is lignin with an H2SO4 concentration of 20%, with the highest yield and the color of lignin produced tends to be similar to pure lignin. In addition, it was found that the peak of the net lignin group had more similarity with commercial lignin compared to crude lignin. Keywords: Lignin, Black Liquor, Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), FTIR
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Popczyk, Magdalena, Julian Kubisztal, Bożena Łosiewicz, and A. Budniok. "Production and Electrochemical Characterization of Nickel Based Composite Coatings Containing Chromium Group Metal and Silicon Powders." Solid State Phenomena 228 (March 2015): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.228.219.
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The Ni+Cr+Si, Ni+Mo+Si and Ni+W+Si composite coatings were obtained by electrodeposition of crystalline nickel from an electrolyte containing suspension of suitable metallic and non-metallic components (Cr, Mo, W and Si). These coatings were obtained galvanostatically at the current density of jdep = -0.100 A cm-2 and at the temperature of 338 K. Chemical composition of the coatings was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The electrochemical activity of these electrocatalysts was studied in the process of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 5 M KOH solution using steady-state polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) methods. The kinetic parameters of the HER on particular electrode materials were determined. It was found that Ni+Mo+Si composite coatings are characterized by enhanced electrochemical activity towards the HER as compared with Ni+W+Si and Ni+Cr+Si coatings due to the presence of Mo and increase in electrochemically active surface area.
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Taşdemir, Yasemin, and Evren Gölge. "Production of phenylalanine-reduced soymilk for phenylketonuria patients." Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 15, no. 4 (December 21, 2023): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/qas.v15i4.1396.
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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disease caused by the deficiency of phenylalanine (Phe) hydroxylase enzyme or its cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. Treatment involves a Phe-restricted diet, although food options are limited. Soymilk, derived from soybeans, is a functional food with nutritional benefits. In this study, soymilk was produced and hydrolyzed with protease of Aspergillus oryzae and papain, and then activated carbon was used to remove Phe for PKU patients. The second-derivative spectrophotometry method was used to determine Phe content in soymilk. The results showed no significant difference in dry matter, fat, and crude fiber between soymilk and Phe-extracted soymilk with respect to the control group (P < 0.05). Soymilk’s protein content was calculated as 2.74% (w/w) and that of Phe-reduced soymilk as 1.94% (w/w). Similarly, consecutive Phe content was 40.53 mg/L and 5.09 mg/L. After hydrolization, the calculated Phe removal rate was 87.44% (w/w), and the protein content was reduced by 29.19% (w/w). The study demonstrates that Phe-reduced soymilk is suitable for PKU patients, thus reducing the need for imported products and offering new market opportunities.
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Yaman, Şeniz Özalp, Emren Esentürk, Ceyhan Kayran, and Ahmet M. Önal. "Spectroelectrochemical Investigation of Pentacarbonyl(pyrazine)metal(0) (Metal = Cr, Mo, W) Complexes of Group 6 Elements." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 57, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2002-0111.
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The electrochemical behaviour of pentacarbonyl(pyrazine)metal(0) complexes of the group 6 elements was studied by cyclic voltammetry in dichloromethane-(n-Bu)4NBF4 solventelectrolyte couple at -20°C vs. Ag/Ag+ or SCE reference electrode. Constant potential electrolyses of the complexes were carried out at their first oxidation peak potentials and monitored in situ by UV-Vis spectrometry. Electrolysis of W(CO)5pz produces [W(CO)5pz]+ and a similar electrochemical mechanism is expected both for Cr(CO)5pz and Mo(CO)5pz complexes. In situ low temperature constant current ESR electrolysis also confirmed the production of [W(CO)5pz]+ after the electron transfer.
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Buchori, Luqman, Didi Dwi Anggoro, Indro Sumantri, and Riko Rikardo Putra. "Optimization of Monoglycerides Production Using KF/CaO-MgO Heterogeneous Catalysis." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 14, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 689. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.14.3.4251.689-696.
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The production of monoglyceride or monoacylglycerol (MAG) from triglycerides and glycerol has been studied. The purpose of this research was to study the effect of using KF/CaO-MgO catalyst on MAG production with batch reactor. The effect of reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading was investigated using Response Surface Methods (RSM). The reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst loading were varied at 200-220 ºC, 2-4 hours, and 0.1-0.3 % w/w, respectively. The maximum yield of monoglyceride 41.58% was achieved the optimum conditions of catalyst loading of 0.19 % (w/w), reaction temperature of 208.4 ºC, and reaction time of 3.20 hours. Copyright © 2019 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
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Barton, NJ, and IP McCausland. "Production and economic returns from Merino weaner sheep subjected to four frequencies of anthelmintic administration in East Gippsland, Victoria." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 27, no. 6 (1987): 759. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9870759.
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In East Gippsland. Victoria. 4 treatment groups, designated 'weekly' (W), 'high' (H), 'low' (L). and 'salvage' (S), each consisting of 3 subgroups of 10 Merino weaner sheep, were given different numbers of anthelmintic doses during 1978, 1979 and 1980. The doses were respectively 5 1, 5 1, 50 (W); 9,9, 12 (H); 3,4. 6 (L); and 1, 3, 2 (S). Both anthelmintics were administered according to the manufacturers' recommendations. Subgroups were grazed on separate 1 ha plots and rotated between plots within treatments at 2-week intervals in an attempt to eliminate between paddock differences. Sheep were replaced annually. These programs resulted in major differences in wool production and final liveweight between groups. Over the 3 years of the experiment, sheep dosed frequently grew heavier (P< 0.05) and produced more wool than - did sheep in the Land S groups. Mean final liveweights for the W, H, L, and S groups respectively were 53.6, 51.4.47.0, and 46.4 kg (l.s.d. [P= 0.051 = 3.5 kg). Corresponding figures for wool growth were 5.96, 5.62. 5.07, and 5.17 kg (l.s.d. [P = 0.051 = 0.60). Mortality in the W (5.6%) and H (22%) groups was also lower than in the L (18.9%) and S (27.8%) groups. The H group gave the highest economic return of $21.81 per sheep compared with $17.61 (W group), $16.3 1 (L) and $15.06 (S group). This advantage was maintained throughout a wide cost-price range. However. as both the W and H programs selected strongly for strains of nematodes resistant to anthelmintics. anthelmintic therapy alone cannot be relied upon for long-term parasite control.
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Smolarski, Leonard. "Wielkość dopłat bezpośrednich a produkcja, koszty i dochodowość działalności w indywidualnych gospodarstwach rolnych." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 115 (September 30, 2016): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2016.115.33.
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The paper aims to determine the impact of direct payments on the production, costs and profitability of individual farms. Our research on individual farms (participating in the EU-FADN) was carried out in Silesian region (for years 2005– –2008). Our studies indicated that the highest total production was achieved on farms in the group with the highest level of direct payments. In the group of the largest farms (in terms of the area) the share of plant production in the structure of total production increased with then rise of direct payments. Direct payments influenced the changes in the direction and structure of agricultural production in the farms. They also stabilized farm incomes in periods of unfavorable economic conditions for agricultural production.
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Sun, Qing, Peiyu Zhang, Zixuan Zhao, Xuejie Li, Xuefang Sun, and Wen Jiang. "Continuous Wheat/Soybean Cropping Influences Soybean Yield and Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure and Function." Agronomy 13, no. 1 (December 22, 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010028.
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Wheat/soybean rotation is an important double-cropping system in the Huang-Huai-Hai plain of China. Continuous soybean cropping could cause soil quality deterioration and plant growth inhibition. However, the effects of continuous wheat/soybean cropping on soybean rhizosphere microbes remain largely unknown. In this study, we compared the soybean yield and rhizosphere soil microbial community between continuous winter wheat/summer soybean (W/S) with two harvests in one year and winter wheat/summer soybean-winter wheat/summer maize (W/S-W/M) with four harvests in two years. The results showed that the soybean yield in the W/S group significantly (p < 0.05) declined within the first two years. The W/S-W/M showed higher soybean yield and soil fertility index than the W/S group. The sequencing results revealed that cropping rotation had a higher impact on the fungal community than the bacterial community. The W/S group showed 22.08–23.01% higher alpha diversity of the fungal community, but the alpha diversity of the bacterial group did not vary significantly in this group. The fungal community composition in the W/S and W/S-W/M groups differed significantly. In the W/S-W/M group, a higher relative abundance of plant growth-promoting fungi (e.g., Mortierella), nematophagous fungi (e.g., Plectosphaerella), and biological control fungi (e.g., Coniothyrium) was observed. In the W/S group, a higher relative abundance of lignocellulose-degrading fungi (e.g., Trechispora, Myceliophthora, Botryotrichum, and Coniochaeta) and pathogenic fungi (e.g., Pyrenochaetopsis and Cyphellophora) was observed. LEfSe analysis demonstrated that Mortierella, Myceliophthora, and Trechispora could serve as crucial biomarkers. Mortierella was positively associated with available P levels and negatively associated with NO3−-N levels and pH while Trechispora showed the opposite trend. The findings of this study could enhance the current understanding of the mechanisms associated with the continuous wheat/soybean cropping obstacles and ensure the sustainability of agricultural production.
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Hedlund, Louise, and Per Jensen. "Effects of stress during commercial hatching on growth, egg production and feather pecking in laying hens." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): e0262307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262307.
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Every year, billions of egg layer chicks around the world are hatched under highly stressful, industrial circumstances. Here, it is investigated how the stressful procedure in the commercial hatchery, including incubation, hatching, processing, and transport affects the chicks with regards to traits relevant for the egg production industry. These traits were compared to those of a control group hatched in a small incubator and handled gently och quietly in a quiet room without any processing and transport. The chicks were weighed at hatch and at eight additional time points: 4 days, 1 week (w), 2 w, 3 w, 5 w, 8 w, 20 w and 25 w of age. Feather pecking was studied at 15 w of age and damages to the feathers and injuries on the comb and wattle were assessed at 25 w of age. From 19 w of age, eggs were collected on three days per week, counted and weighed. Chicks from a commercial hatchery had a lower hatch weight than control chicks (p<0.001). At 20 w of age, the weight of the commercial hatched chicks was still numerically lower, although this did not reach statistical significance. Commercially hatched chicks tended to show more feather pecking behaviour at 15 w of age compared to control chicks (p<0.1), although feather condition at 25 w of age showed the opposite pattern. Regarding production, commercially hatched chickens laid fewer (p<0.05) and smaller (p<0.05) eggs than chicks hatched and handled under calm circumstances. From this experiment, it is concluded that the stressful experience in the commercial hatchery has an overall negative effect on traits relevant for the industry.
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Jalawi, Nada Mahdi Fawzi A. "Quality Control of Production Lightweight Ferrocement Plate Using Sustainable Materials." Key Engineering Materials 857 (August 2020): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.857.10.
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This research is concerned with a new type of ferrocement characterized by its lower density and enhanced thermal insulation. Lightweight ferrocement plates have many advantages, low weight, low cost, thermal insulation, environmental conservation. This work contain two group experimental : first different of layer ferrocement, second different of ratio aggregate to cement. The experiments were made to determined the optimum proportion of cement and lightweight aggregate (recycle thermestone ). A low W/C ratio of 0.4 was used with super plasticizer conforming to ASTM 494 Type G. The compressive strength of the mortar mixes is 20-25 MPa. The work also involved the determination of thermal properties .Thermal conductivity value of this ferrocement plate is between (0.6-0.45)W/m.K.
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Barger, V., N. G. Deshpande, T. Kuo, A. Bagneid, S. Pakvasa, and K. Whisnant. "Discovery Limits of New Gauge Bosons of SpL(6)×U(1)." International Journal of Modern Physics A 02, no. 04 (August 1987): 1327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x87000697.
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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Ji-Eun Kim, Hyo-Seon Nam, Seung-Hee Baek, and Ashutosh Bahuguna. "Consumption of Policosanol (Raydel®) Improves Hepatic, Renal, and Reproductive Functions in Zebrafish: In Vivo Comparison Study among Cuban, Chinese, and American Policosanol." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 1 (December 30, 2023): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17010066.
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The current study compared three policosanols from Cuba (sugarcane, Raydel®, policosanol (1), China (rice bran, Shaanxi, policosanol (2), and the USA (sugarcane, Lesstanol®, policosanol (3) in the treatment of dyslipidemia and protection of the liver, ovary, and testis in hypercholesterolemic zebrafish. After twelve weeks of supplementation of each policosanol (PCO, final 0.1% in diet, w/w) with a high cholesterol diet (HCD, final 4%, w/w), the Raydel policosanol (PCO1) group showed the highest survivability, approximately 89%. In contrast, Shaanxi policosanol (PCO2) and Lesstanol policosanol (PCO3) produced 73% and 87% survivability, respectively, while the HCD alone group showed 75% survivability. In the 12th week, the PCO1 group demonstrated the most modest increase in body weight along with significantly lower levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) in comparison to the HCD control group. Additionally, the PCO1 group exhibited the highest proportion of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol within TC. Notably, the PCO1 group displayed the lowest level of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, minimal infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced interleukin (IL)-6 production in the liver, a notable decline in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mitigated fatty liver changes. HCD supplementation induced impairment of kidney morphology with the greatest extent of ROS production and apoptosis. On the other hand, the PCO 1 group showed a remarkably improved morphology with the least ROS generation and apoptosis. Within the ovarian context, the PCO1 group exhibited the most substantial presence of mature vitellogenic oocytes, accompanied by minimal levels of ROS and apoptosis. Similarly, in the testicular domain, the PCO1 group showcased optimal morphology for spermatogenesis, characterized by the least interstitial area and diminished production of ROS in testicular cells. At week 8, the PCO1 group showed the highest egg-laying ability, with around 244 eggs produced per mating. In contrast, the HCD alone, PCO2, and PCO3 groups showed significantly lower egg-laying ability (49, 59, and 86 eggs, respectively). The embryos from the PCO1 group exhibited the highest survivability with the fastest swimming ability and developmental speed. These results suggest that PCO1 consumption significantly enhanced the reproduction system, egg-laying ability, and embryo survivability. In conclusion, among the three policosanols, Cuban (Raydel®) policosanol had the strongest effect on survivability, improving dyslipidemia, liver protection, kidney, ovary, and testis with a restoration of the cell morphology, and the least ROS production and apoptosis-induced by HCD supplementation.
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Kobori, Hiroyuki, Yuri Ozawa, Ryousuke Satou, Akemi Katsurada, Kayoko Miyata, Naro Ohashi, Naoki Hase, Yuki Suzaki, Curt D. Sigmund, and L. Gabriel Navar. "Kidney-specific enhancement of ANG II stimulates endogenous intrarenal angiotensinogen in gene-targeted mice." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 293, no. 3 (September 2007): F938—F945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00146.2007.
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This study was performed in transgenic mice to test the hypothesis that the selective intrarenal overproduction of ANG II increases intrarenal mouse (m) angiotensinogen (AGT) expression. We used the following three groups: 1) single transgenic mice ( group A, n = 14) expressing human (h) AGT only in the kidney, 2) double-transgenic mice ( group D, n = 13) expressing human renin systemically in addition to hAGT only in the kidney, and 3) wild-type ( group W, n = 12) mice. Exogenous hAGT protein is inactive in group A because endogenous mouse renin cannot cleave hAGT to ANG I because of a high species specificity. All mice were monitored from 12 to 18 wk of age. Systolic blood pressure progressively increased from 116 ± 5 mmHg (12 wk) to 140 ± 7 (18 wk) in group D. This increase was not observed in groups A or W. Intrarenal hAGT levels were similar in groups A and D; however, hAGT was not detectable in kidneys of group W. Kidney ANG II levels were increased in group D (216 ± 43 fmol/g) compared with groups A (117 ± 16) and W (118 ± 17). However, plasma ANG II concentrations were similar among the three groups. Endogenous renal mAGT mRNA was increased significantly in group D (1.46 ± 0.19, ratio) compared with groups A (0.97 ± 0.12) and W (1.00 ± 0.08). Endogenous renal mAGT protein was also significantly increased in group D compared with groups A and W. Interstitial collagen-positive area, interstitial macrophage/monocyte infiltration, and afferent arteriolar wall thickness were increased significantly in group D compared with groups A and W. These data indicate for the first time that the selective stimulation of intrarenal production of ANG II from hAGT augments endogenous intrarenal mAGT mRNA and protein expression.
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Kilar, Wioletta. "Kształtowanie się Grupy Samsung w warunkach globalizacji." Przedsiębiorczość - Edukacja 7 (January 1, 2011): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20833296.7.9.
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The underlying role in the enhancement of globalization processes is held by transnational corporations which exert impact on the formation of market network systems for goods and services by means of locating their affiliates in global regional systems. The purpose of the paper is to present the analysis of Samsung Group formation processes. The Group’s business potential, impact range and production assortment diversification as well as increasing globalization trends in the world economy that have affected the formation and development of the analyzed corporation are analyzed. The Samsung Group is a significant element in globalization processes. As a result of operations carried out in various fields, the corporation has created its own business network enabling the cooperation of particular entities within the capital group. This is the basis for the corporation competitive advantage in the international market. By developing its operations the Samsung Group is an example of an entity that during its 70 years of business activities has become a conglomerate of a transnational nature owing to globalization processes resulting from the global economy evolution.
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Xu, Yiming, Zikai Hua, Yun Cai, Xianxuan Feng, Jiajia Yang, Jie Shen, and Yuehong Bai. "Study on TiO2 Nanofilm That Reduces the Heat Production of Titanium Alloy Implant in Microwave Irradiation and Does Not Affect Fracture Healing." Disease Markers 2022 (April 13, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4910731.
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Background. Metal implants can produce heat and damage adjacent tissues under microwave irradiation, which makes local metal implants in the body a contraindication for microwave therapy. However, with the wide application of titanium alloy implants which have low permeability and low conductivity, this concept has been challenged. Our team members have confirmed through previous research that continuous low-power microwave irradiation does not cause thermal damage to the surrounding tissues of the titanium alloy. Is there any other way to further increase the dose of microwave irradiation while reducing the heat production of titanium alloy implants? In this study, the effect of TiO2 nanofilm on reducing the heat production of titanium alloy implants in microwave field was verified by animal experiments, and the effect of TiO2 nanofilm on fracture healing was observed. Methods. 30 rabbits were selected. In the experiment of temperature measurement, 10 rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group ( n = 5 ) and control group ( n = 5 ), and the contralateral lower limb of the rabbits in experimental group was set as the sham operation group. The right femurs in the experimental group were implanted with Ti6Al4V plates coated with TiO2 nanofilm, and the right femurs in the control group were implanted with common titanium alloy plates without TiO2 nanofilm. The same surgical procedure was used in the sham operation group, but no plate was implanted. The temperature of the deep tissue above the metal implant was measured with an anti-interference thermocouple thermometer during 20 minutes of microwave irradiation. The other 20 rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, experimental group ( n = 10 ) and control group ( n = 10 ). The femoral shaft fracture models were established again. Ti6Al4V plates coated with TiO2 nanofilm and common titanium alloy plates were implanted in the two groups, respectively, and both groups were exposed to continuous microwave irradiation with a power of 40 W or 60 W for 30 days after operation. The fracture healing was evaluated by X-ray at 0 day, 14 days, and 30 days after microwave irradiation, respectively. The animals were sacrificed at 30 days after operation for histopathological assessment. Results. The temperature in the experimental group, control group, and sham operation group increased significantly after 40 W and 60 W microwave irradiation ( 2.18 ± 0.15 °C~ 6.02 ± 0.38 °C). When exposed to 40 W microwave, the temperature rise of the control group was 4.0 ± 0.34 °C, which was significantly higher than that of the experimental group 2.82 ± 0.15 °C ( P < 0.01 ) and the sham operation group 2.18 ± 0.33 °C ( P < 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in temperature rise between the experimental group and the sham operation group ( P = 0.21 ). When exposed to 60 W microwave, the temperature rise of the control group was 6.02 ± 0.38 °C, which was significantly higher than that of the experimental group 3.66 ± 0.14 °C ( P < 0.01 ) and sham operation group 2.96 ± 0.22 °C ( P < 0.01 ), and there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the sham operation group ( P = 0.32 ). X-ray evaluation showed that there was no significant difference in callus maturity between the experimental group and the control group at 14 days ( P = 0.554 ), but there was significant difference in callus maturity between the two groups at 30 days ( P = 0.041 ). The analysis of bone histologic and histomorphometric data at 30 days was also consistent with this. Conclusion. Under the animal experimental condition, compared with the common titanium alloy implant, the TiO2 nanofilm can reduce the heat production of the titanium alloy implant in the 2450 MHz microwave field and has no adverse effect on fracture healing. This study opens up a promising new idea for the application of microwave therapy to metal implants in human body.
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Pedras, M. Soledade C., Paulos B. Chumala, and Yang Yu. "The phytopathogenic fungi Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa: chemotaxonomical characterization of isolates and metabolite production in different culture media." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 3 (March 2007): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-133.
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Previous molecular chemotaxonomic analyses of isolates of the plant pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) Ces. et de Not. (asexual stage Phoma lingam (Tode ex Fr.) Desm.) in a chemically defined medium suggested that this species complex was composed of at least three distinct groups. Subsequently, a group within L. maculans was classified as Leptosphaeria biglobosa , on the basis of morphologic characteristics and the lack of sexual crossing. To obtain clarification regarding the metabolite profiles of the various groups or species of blackleg fungi, the objectives of this work were (i) to determine the chemical structures of metabolites produced by Canadian V isolates and Polish-type isolates in potato dextrose broth (PDB) and (ii) to determine the chemotaxonomic relationship among French isolates of L. biglobosa and among Canadian W isolates and Thlaspi isolates of L. maculans. Here, we report for the first time that Canadian V isolates grown in PDB produced 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethylbenzaldehyde, a metabolite never reported from L. maculans, but none of the usual phytotoxins (sirodesmins). In addition, we report a new metabolite, 2-[2-(5-hydroxybenzofuranyl)]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanenitrile, from Polish-type isolates of L. maculans grown in PDB and the metabolite profiles of 16 Thlaspi isolates. The metabolite profiles of Thlaspi isolates indicate that these are part of two distinct groups, the Polish W group and the Canadian W group, i.e., L. biglobosa. Finally, we demonstrate that the metabolite profiles of the French isolates classified as L. biglobosa are similar to those of Canadian W isolates.
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Piwowar, Arkadiusz. "Struktury rolne i produktywność rolnictwa w Grupie Wyszehradzkiej." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 17(32), no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2017.17.1.14.
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The main objective of the study was a comparative analysis of the diversity of the agrarian structure and the productivity of land and labour in the Visegrad Group countries. Additionally, the importance of the Visegrad Group in the European Union was analysed in relation to the size of the production of selected crops and livestock as well as the population and cast of cattle and pigs. According to the conducted analyses, the highest productivity of land among the countries of the Visegrad Group was shown in the years under study by Poland and Hungary (over EUR 600 / ha AL), while the highest dynamics of the growth rate of this parameter - by Slovakia (almost two-fold increase in 2010-2013). Taking into account labour productivity, it should be emphasized, that the greatest labour productivity characterized farms in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
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KAZIMIERCZAK, RENATA, RITA GÓRALSKA-WALCZAK, KLAUDIA KOPCZYŃSKA, and DOMINIKA ŚREDNICKA-TOBER. "ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE PRODUCTION OF FOOD OF ANIMAL ORIGIN IN THE OPINION OF THE SURVEYED GROUP OF POLISH CONSUMERS." Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 30, no. 4 (2023): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2023/137/477.
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Background. The livestock sector is nowadays considered one of those areas of human activity that has a significant impact on the environment, due to, among other things, large water footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, as well as the over-exploitation and changed utilization of natural areas. Reducing the consumption of products of animal origin, especially beef, is therefore widely regarded as an important step that humanity should take to reduce the environmental footprint of food. This study aimed to analyze the opinion of consumers on the environmental impact of livestock production ( particularly, meat in general, milk and eggs), and their motives for limiting the consumption of such food. The survey covered 163 respondents, strongly represented by women (85 %), people with higher education or students (89 %), aged 21 ÷ 30 (74 %). Results and conclusions. More than half of the respondents expressed the opinion that meat produc tion exerted a negative impact on the environment, while less than a half had a similar opinion about dairy and egg production. They most often perceived water and carbon footprint as important issues, while only a limited percentage paid attention to the problem of the exploitation and transformation of land for animal production purposes. A half of the respondents declared that they limited or excluded meat and/or other products of animal origin from their diet. Among the motives for such a restriction, they mentioned pri marily health (44 %) and ethical (30 %) reasons. Only 11 % indicated care for the environment as the reason. The study points to the need to educate consumers about the impact of livestock production on the environment, including the key indicators. Such education should take into account divergencies in the environmental footprint of specific raw materials and food of animal origin, and of various livestock rearing systems.
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Jarczok-Guzy, Magdalena. "Podatki środowiskowe w kształtowaniu zrównoważonej produkcji i konsumpcji w krajach Unii Europejskiej." Optimum. Economic Studies, no. 4(114) (2023): 171–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15290/oes.2023.04.114.10.
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Purpose – The aim of this article is to assess the impact of environmental taxes in terms of sustainable consumption and production. Examination of the correlation between environmental tax revenues in the European Union countries and sustainable consumption and production indicators will allow us to make this assessment. Research method – The study used the method of literature analysis and comparative analysis using structure, dynamics, correlation, median and arithmetic mean indicators. The numerical data for the research were obtained from the Eurostat database. Goal no 12 performance indicators were used as a variable to measure the impact of environmental taxes in each Member State. Results – The results of the correlation analysis conducted clearly indicate that in the case of the indicators: energy productivity, average CO2 emissions of new passenger cars per 1 km, consumption of materials in a closed loop, and the gross value of goods in the sector of environmental goods and services, significant relationships were obtained in a large group of EU countries in the desired directions. The hypothesis has been positively verified. Originality / value / implications / recommendations – It is very important from the point of view of sustainable development, and especially sustainable consumption, to define the role of tax fiscal instruments. As an important instrument of public finance, they should support the implementation of sustainable development goals. As a result of the conducted analyses, an attempt will be made to formulate recommendations in terms of the functioning of tax fiscal instruments for sustainable development.
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Jeżewska-Zychowicz, Marzena, and Maria Królak. "Konsumencka percepcja nowych technologii stosowanych w produkcji żywności." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 111 (October 14, 2015): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2015.111.35.
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The aim of the study was to investigate consumers’ attitudes to novel technologies used in food production. They were measured using a scale of Food Technology Neophobia Scale. The survey was conducted in 2013 in a nationwide group of 1000 consumers. For data analysis the frequency analysis, cross tables and factor analysis were used. To determine statistically significant differences between the variables, Chi-square test was used at p < 0.05. It revealed neutral or even negative consumers’ attitude to novel technologies used in food production. More positive attitudes were represented by women and those aged 26–35, while more negative ones by men, the elderly and people with lower levels of education. It can be concluded that exposing information about the method of food production can be a barrier to purchasing food products within people with negative or even neutral attitudes towards novel technologies. A monitored use of this information in marketing communications and/or conducting consumer education in this area is needed.
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Abid, Islem, Ikram Jemel, Mona Alonazi, and Abir Ben Bacha. "A New Group II Phospholipase A2 from Walterinnesia aegyptia Venom with Antimicrobial, Antifungal, and Cytotoxic Potential." Processes 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121560.
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Many venomous species, especially snakes, contain a variety of secreted phospholipases A2 that contribute to venom toxicity and prey digestion. We characterized a novel highly toxic phospholipase A2 of group II, WaPLA2-II, from the snake venom of Saudi Walterinnesia aegyptia (W. aegyptia). The enzyme was purified using a reverse phase C18 column. It is a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of approximately 14 kDa and an NH2-terminal amino acid sequence exhibiting similarity to the PLA2 group II enzymes. WaPLA2-II, which contains 2.5% (w/w) glycosylation, reached a maximal specific activity of 1250 U/mg at pH 9.5 and 55 °C in the presence of Ca2+ and bile salts. WaPLA2-II was also highly stable over a large pH and temperature range. A strong correlation between antimicrobial and indirect hemolytic activities of WaPLA2 was observed. Additionally, WaPLA2-II was found to be significantly cytotoxic only on cancerous cells. However, chemical modification with para-Bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB) inhibited WaPLA2-II enzymatic activity without affecting its antitumor effect, suggesting the presence of a separate ‘pharmacological site’ in snake venom phospholipase A2 via its receptor binding affinity. This enzyme is a candidate for applications including the treatment of phospholipid-rich industrial effluents and for the food production industry. Furthermore, it may represent a new therapeutic lead molecule for treating cancer and microbial infections.
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Sahoo, Sumita, Biswajit Rath, Keshab C. Mondal, Suman Kumar Halder, and Arpita Mandal. "Production Optimization of Feather Hydrolysate and Use as a Promising Nitogen-Rich Fertilizer for Rice (Oryza Sativa) Production." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 20, no. 3 (October 5, 2023): 845–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3136.
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Present agriculture sector mostly depend on synthetic fertilizer for better crop. Feather is a rich source of protein and nitrogen. It was degraded by Keratinolytic bacteria Bacillus wiedmanni SAB10 in poultry litter sole media. Feather hydrolysate was produce from solid state fermentation process and fermentation condition was optimized through OVAT (One Variable At A Time) system. In this process feather (1.25%w/v) was fully degraded in poultry litter(1%w/v) with in 48 hrs at pH 10.After the fermentation cell free feather hydrolysate use in rice plant in different concentration and different mode. Liquid feather hydrolysate produced from solid state fermentation contain important amount of protein (3.12mg/ml) and amino acid(792µg/ml) that enhances the rice plant growth in pot trial condition. After application Group D Plants leaves have been reported to have higher levels of total chlorophyll (5.25mg/g of dry wt), IAA (17.23µg/ml)..Carbohydrate contain of rice has increased 1.6 fold than control Following the spraying of feather hydrolysate (300 µl/ml), the phenolic (1.71 fold) and flavonoid (1.52 fold) contents significantly increased.. The novelty of our investigation is we use here two wasted products and convert them a valuable product.
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Skarżyńska, Aldona. "Produkcja wołowiny w Polsce oraz czynniki determinujące jej opłacalność." Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich 104, no. 4 (December 29, 2017): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/rnr.2017.104.4.36.
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The main objective of the study was to evaluate the economic performance and efficiency of bovine animals production and identify the main determinants of such production profitability. The results of the study were analyzed in three groups of farms divided by quartiles of gross margin, i.e. in the best, middle and weakest. The results were analyzed as average in three years. The main factor differentiating the economic effects from the production of beef cattle was the costs incurred, the impact of the sale price was lower. The decisive impact was direct costs, which in successive groups of farms increased, with regard to the best of farms in the medium ones were higher by 40.2% and the weakest ones – by 82.0%. The level of direct costs was determined mainly by the exchange cost of the herd and also by the cost of feed. Beef cattle production was economically effectiveness only in the best farms, the profitability index was 111.9%, while in the medium and weakest group of farms at 88.8 and 72.4% respectively.
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Cramer, Matthew N., and Ollie Jay. "Selecting the correct exercise intensity for unbiased comparisons of thermoregulatory responses between groups of different mass and surface area." Journal of Applied Physiology 116, no. 9 (May 1, 2014): 1123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01312.2013.
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We assessed whether comparisons of thermoregulatory responses between groups unmatched for body mass and surface area (BSA) should be performed using a metabolic heat production (Ḣprod) in Watts or Watts per kilogram for changes in rectal temperature (ΔTre), and an evaporative heat balance requirement ( Ereq) in Watts or Watts per square meter for local sweat rates (LSR). Two groups with vastly different mass and BSA [large (LG): 91.5 ± 6.8 kg, 2.12 ± 0.09 m2, n = 8; small (SM): 67.6 ± 5.6 kg, 1.80 ± 0.09 m2, n = 8; P < 0.001], but matched for heat acclimation status, sex, age, and with the same onset threshold esophageal temperatures (LG: +0.37 ± 0.12°C; SM: +0.41 ± 0.17°C; P = 0.364) and thermosensitivities (LG: 1.02 ± 0.54, SM: 1.00 ± 0.38 mg·cm−2·min−1·°C−1; P = 0.918) for sweating, cycled for 60 min in 25°C at different levels of Ḣprod (500 W, 600 W, 6.5 W/kg, 9.0 W/kg) and Ereq (340 W, 400 W, 165 W/m2, 190 W/m2). ΔTre was different between groups at a Ḣprod of 500 W (LG: 0.52 ± 0.15°C, SM: 0.92 ± 0.24°C; P < 0.001) and 600 W (LG: 0.78 ± 0.19°C, SM: 1.14 ± 0.24°C; P = 0.007), but similar at 6.5 W/kg (LG: 0.79 ± 0.21°C, SM: 0.85 ± 0.14°C; P = 0.433) and 9.0 W/kg (LG: 1.02 ± 0.22°C, SM: 1.14 ± 0.24°C; P = 0.303). Furthermore, ΔTre was the same at 9.0 W/kg in a 35°C environment (LG: 1.12 ± 0.30°C, SM: 1.14 ± 0.25°C) as at 25°C ( P > 0.230). End-exercise LSR was different at Ereq of 400 W (LG: 0.41 ± 0.18, SM: 0.57 ± 0.13 mg·cm−2·min−1; P = 0.043) with a trend toward higher LSR in SM at 340 W (LG: 0.28 ± 0.06, SM: 0.37 ± 0.15 mg·cm−2·min−1; P = 0.057), but similar at 165 W/m2 (LG: 0.28 ± 0.06, SM: 0.28 ± 0.12 mg·cm−2·min−1; P = 0.988) and 190 W/m2 (LG: 0.41 ± 0.18, SM: 0.37 ± 0.15 mg·cm−2·min−1; P = 0.902). In conclusion, when comparing groups unmatched for mass and BSA, future experiments can avoid systematic differences in ΔTre and LSR by using a fixed Ḣprod in Watts per kilogram and Ereq in Watts per square meter, respectively.
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Peuranen, Seppo, Kirsti Tiihonen, Juha Apajalahti, Anu Kettunen, Markku Saarinen, and Nina Rautonen. "Combination of polydextrose and lactitol affects microbial ecosystem and immune responses in rat gastrointestinal tract." British Journal of Nutrition 91, no. 6 (June 2004): 905–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041114.
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The effects of various dietary fibres on gut health have been studied extensively but their combined effects are scarcely documented. In the present study the effects of 2 % (w/w) polydextrose (PDX), 2 % (w/w) disaccharide lactitol, or 2 % (w/w) PDX+2 % (w/w) lactitol on gut microflora, microbial metabolism and gut immune responses were investigated in rats. Both PDX and lactitol alone had an effect on many of the studied parameters, but their combination had stronger than additive effects in some parameters. The PDX+lactitol combination altered the microbial community structure as seen by a culture-independent method, percentage guanine+cytosine (%G+C) profiling, increasing the areas of %G+C 35–39 (P<0·0001) and %G+C 45–49 (P=0·0002), and decreasing %G+C 65–74 (P<0·0003). These changes were also reflected in the microbial metabolism so that the production of biogenic amines and branched volatile fatty acids was significantly reduced, by 12 (P=0·03) and 50 % (P=0·002), respectively, indicating a shift from putrefactive towards saccharolytic metabolism. PDX increased the secretion of IgA in the caecum (P=0·007). Secretion of IgA increased even more, almost ten-fold, with the combination of PDX+lactitol (P<0·0001) when compared with the control group. Lactitol increased the production of butyrate by caecal microbes by two- to three-fold when compared with the PDX or control group (P<0·0001). Butyrate is a preferred energy source for mucosal cells; thus a boost in the availability of energy for immune cells may have still added to the synergistic effects of PDX and lactitol on immune cells. It is noteworthy that improvement in the IgA secretion occurred without signs of mucosal inflammation.
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Tkocz, Maria. "Efekty restrukturyzacji górnictwa węgla kamiennego w Polsce." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 9 (January 1, 2006): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.9.3.
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This paper presents changes in the functioning of hard coal mining in Poland in the period of development of free market economy, i.e. after 1989. During this period some attempts were made to bring the coal mining to remunerativeness. Five programmes of coal mining restructuring were implemented. Their main aim was the reduction of excessive production capacities. 23 coal mains were closed down in the period 1989–2003, especially in the northern and eastern parts of the coal basin, which include the areas where coal exploitation was the longest and coal resources are located under considerably urbanised areas, often within safety pillars (Bytom, Chorzów, Gliwice, Zabrze, Będzin, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Sosnowiec). As a consequence, coal production fell from 177.4 million tonnes to 100.5 million tonnes and the employment decreased from 415.7 thousand to 135.7 thousand. An organisational structure is represented by three coal syndicates: Katowice Capital Group with 8 coal mines, Coal Campaign with 23 coal mines and Jastrzębie Coal Company with 5 coal mines.
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Yamamoto, Yuko, Masahiro To, Takashi Hayashi, Tomoko Shimizu, Yohei Kamata, Juri Saruta, Toru Takahashi, and Keiichi Tsukinoki. "Intake of indigestible carbohydrates influences IgA response and polymeric Ig receptor expression in the rat submandibular gland." British Journal of Nutrition 113, no. 12 (May 22, 2015): 1895–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515001403.
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Secretory IgA in the saliva is essential for protection from mucosally transmitted pathogens and maintaining homeostasis at mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity. Expression of submandibular gland polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR) is essential for IgA secretion. In the present study, we investigated the influence of indigestible carbohydrates on IgA production in the salivary gland and saliva. Five-week-old rats were fed a fibre-free diet (control), or a diet with 5 % (w/w) fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) or a combination of 2·5 % (w/w) polydextrose (PDX) and 2·5 % (w/w) lactitol for 21-d. IgA concentrations in the caecal digesta, submandibular gland tissue, and saliva in the FOS and PDX+lactitol diet groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P< 0·05). The increase in IgA in the submandibular gland tissue was confirmed using immunohistochemical analysis. However, the IgA concentrations of serum did not differ between the FOS or PDX+lactitol groups and the control group (P= 0·5). In the FOS and PDX+lactitol groups, thepIgRmRNA (pIgR/β-actin) expression level in the submandibular gland tissue was significantly higher than that in the control group (P< 0·05). The present study suggests that indigestible carbohydrates play an important role in the increase in IgA concentrations in the submandibular gland tissue, saliva, and caecal digesta.
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Alshailabi, Eda, Nura Al-Zail, and Narmeen Darwesh. "Effect of Libyan Sidr honey on thyroid gland damage induced by cigarette smoke in male rats." Journal of Pure & Applied Sciences 22, no. 3 (October 2, 2023): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.51984/jopas.v22i3.2752.
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The toxicity of cigarette smoke (CS) products is through vast production of reactive oxygen species. So, this study aimed to evaluation the effect of Libyan Sidr honey on thyroid gland damage induced cigarette smoke in male rats. 28 adult male rats were divided into four groups; Group 1: Control group (NC); group 2: rats were received the Libyan Sidr honey (LSH) orally (100 mg/kg b.w./d.) for 4 w.; group 3: rats were exposed to 5 lit of the Karelia red cigarette smoke (KRC) (5 times/d.) by a machine smoking for 4 w.; and group 4: (LSH+KRC) rats were received the LSH orally (100 mg/kg b.w./d.) for 2 w., then the rats were exposed to the KRC generated by a machine smoking for 4 w. with the continuation of LSH doses. The result revealed that T4 showed, non-significant decrease in the KRC group compared to the NC group. While, it was significant declining in T3 with a significant increase in TSH levels as compared to NC group. Moreover, the (LSH+KRC) group showed a noticeable improvement in T4 & T3 as compared with the KRC group. Furthermore, the (LSH + KRC) group showed a significantly positive change in TSH as compared with KRC group. The histopathological examination of the thyroid of rats after exposure to KRC alone showed different histopathological changes when compared with control group. Whereas, the (LSH + KRC) group showed, improve thyroid arrangement with normal thyroid follicles when compared with KRC group. Conclusion, results indicate that the Libyan Sidr honey antioxidant activity against thyroid tissues damage induced cigarette smoke in adult male albino rats.
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Cho, Kyung-Hyun, Hyo-Seon Nam, Ashutosh Bahuguna, and Ji-Eun Kim. "Long-Term Supplementation of Royal Jelly (Raydel®) Improves Zebrafish Growth, Embryo Production and Survivability, Blood Lipid Profile and Functionality of Vital Organs: A 72-Weeks’ Consumption Study." Pharmaceuticals 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph17030324.
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Royal jelly is a honeybee product with substantial pharmacological and health promotional activities. Nevertheless, the health implications associated with the prolonged dietary supplementation of royal jelly have yet to be elucidated extensively. Herein, 72 weeks of dietary supplementation of royal jelly at 5% and 10% (w/w) were investigated to assess the impact on zebrafish survivability, body weight, liver, testis, ovary functionality, and blood lipid profile. The results revealed no adverse effect of 72 weeks of royal jelly supplementation on zebrafish survivability. Conversely, a noteworthy enhancement in the zebrafish body weight was observed in royal-jelly-supplemented zebrafish in a concentration-dependent manner [5% and 10% (w/w)]. Interestingly, female zebrafish were found to be more biased, with a significant 17% (p < 0.001) and 23% (p < 0.001) higher body weight enhancement after 72 weeks of consumption of 5% and 10% (w/w) royal jelly, compared to the male zebrafish. The histological outcome revealed no sign of hepatotoxicity; moreover, diminished reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis were observed in the hepatic tissue of the royal-jelly-supplemented group. Consistent with the histological outcomes, the liver function biomarkers, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), exhibited a significant decrease of 1.9-fold (p = 0.006) and 1.4-fold (p = 0.003) in zebrafish supplemented with royal jelly compared to those on a normal diet (ND) and zebrafish given supplements. Also, no sign of ovary and testis-related toxicity was observed in the royal-jelly-supplemented group during the 72-week period. Furthermore, the 10% (w/w) royal-jelly-consuming zebrafish exhibited a notable 2.1-fold increase (p = 0.018) in egg-laying ability compared to the ND-supplemented zebrafish. The 10% (w/w) royal jelly supplementation also effectively maintained the blood lipid profile by curtailing serum triglycerides (TG) and elevating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusively, royal jelly dietary supplementation for a prolonged time found royal jelly to be safe to consume, to efficiently improve hepatic function, reproduction, and sexual health, and to augment the serum HDL-C level.
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Lizak, Piotr. "Wpływ koncernu Fiat na kształtowanie się przemysłu samochodów osobowych w Polsce." Studies of the Industrial Geography Commission of the Polish Geographical Society 12 (January 1, 2009): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/20801653.12.6.
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The change of economic system and switching to market economy, as well as opening the economy to international environment, significantly affected the changes in the national industry structure, including the restructuring of the automobile industry. In global economy, international corporations, among them the automobile companies, are carriers of the global economic increase, and the increase in economies of particular countries. On these bases, this paper presents an analysis of the influence of FIAT on the formation of the country’s automobile industry.The country’s automobile industry is, to the greatest extent, connected with the Italian automobile concern FIAT. It has been present in Poland since 1932, when the first licence agreement was signed between the Polish government and FIAT; the agreement included building a car factory in Warsaw. In 1967 the Italian company launched the production of Fiat 125p in the Warsaw FSO factory in Żerań. In 1971, FIAT opened a very modern small-cars factory, FSM, in Bielsko-Biała and Tychy. In 1992, due to its serious situation, it was taken over by FIAT and transformed into three new companies, belonging to the FIAT group, which were: Fiat Auto Poland, Teksid, and Magneti-Marelli. FIAT also took over a number of smaller, chiefly state-owned firms, connected to it by corporational links, which used to be its suppliers. It also took over a number of enterprises which were not connected with automobile industry, e.g. the Bicycle Factory Apollo in Czechowice-Dziedzice, or the factory of lathes in BielskoBiała.FIAT conducted restructuring of its factories (earlier FSM), privatized the supplier firms which were not connected directly with the car production, and sold the metallurgic enterprises in BielskoBiała and Skoczów. These firms were taken over in 1992, by Teksid, which belonged to the FIAT concern. After the foundry in Skoczów was taken over, its production profile was modified and adapted to the needs of the automobile industry.The FIAT concern has strongly influenced the present form of the Polish automobile industry. This is visible in the fact that in the first years of the economic transformation, having taken over FSM factories, it sold the enterprises not connected with car production, and introduced remedial programmes in the remaining firms, thus significantly improving their efficiency and production quality. Restructuring led to production specialization in particular enterprises.In 2005, FIAT employed 8812 workers in Poland. Nowadays the FIAT group is composed of 16 companies and 3 joint-venture enterprises. In the structure of the FIAT group in Poland, the most important is Fiat Auto Poland, specializing in car production, with 3531 employees, i.e. 40.1% of all the group’s workers. Next is Fiat-GM Powertrain Polska, with 1356 employees, which makes 15.4% of the group’s employment. Both these enterprises are dominating in the group and concentrate 55.5% of all its employees.The FIAT factory in Bielsko-Biała has attracted about 32 foreign cooperating investors to Poland, including Teksid Aluminium, Teksid Iron Poland, Magneti-Marelli, Gestind, Delphi, TRW, and others. As a result of restructuring actions in the Polish automobile industry, currently there are four areas in the country in which automobile enterprises are located: Bielsko-Biała – Gliwice, Warszawa-Łódź, Poznań, and Wrocław.
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Liang, Yue-Gan, Beijiu Cheng, You-Bin Si, De-Ju Cao, Dao-Lin Li, and Jian-Feng Chen. "Effect of solid-state NaOH pretreatment on methane production from thermophilic semi-dry anaerobic digestion of rose stalk." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 12 (March 21, 2016): 2913–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.145.
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Abstract The effects of solid-state NaOH pretreatment on the efficiency of methane production from semi-dry anaerobic digestion of rose (Rosa rugosa) stalk were investigated at various NaOH loadings (0, 1, 2, and 4% (w/w)). Methane production, process stability and energy balance were analyzed. Results showed that solid-state NaOH pretreatment significantly improved biogas and methane yields of 30-day anaerobic digestion, with increases from 143.7 mL/g volatile solids (VS) added to 157.1 mL/g VS –192.1 mL/g VS added and from 81.8 mL/g VS added to 88.8 mL/g VS–117.7 mL/g VS added, respectively. Solid-state NaOH pretreatment resulted in anaerobic digestion with higher VS reduction and lower technical digestion time. The 4% NaOH-treated group had the highest methane yield of 117.7 mL/g VS added, which was 144% higher compared to the no NaOH-treated group, and the highest net energy recovery. Higher rate of lignocellulose breakage and higher process stability of anaerobic digestion facilitated methane production in the NaOH-pretreated groups.
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Marcinkowska-Lesiak, Monika, Magdalena Zalewska, Kazem Alirezalu, Iwona Wojtasik-Kalinowska, Anna Onopiuk, and Andrzej Półtorak. "Production of restructured beef jerky using blood plasma solutions activated by non-thermal atmospheric plasma." Animal Science Papers and Reports 41, no. 3 (September 1, 2023): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aspr-2023-0008.
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Abstract The effect of blood plasma powder (2.5, 5, and 7.5% w/w in water) activated using non-thermal atmospheric plasma (T1, T2, and T3, respectively) was investigated as a nitrite source in the production of restructured beef jerky. A group without a nitrite source (NC) and a group cured with 100 ppm of sodium nitrite (PC) were used as negative control and positive control groups, respectively. The nitrite content of the plasma-activated solutions was adjusted to match that of the positive control by calculating the required plasma treatment time, based on previous studies. The obtained results showed that addition of treated solutions with nonthermal plasma for a 70 min, at a level of 20% in relation to the meat, can have beneficial effects on nitrosylhemochrome content, redness, and TBARS values of restructured jerky. These effects were statistically comparable (p≥0.05) to sodium nitrite-cured samples. Furthermore, compared to the PC group, the T1, T2, and T3 treatments exhibited significantly lower water activity and higher protein content (p<0.05). The T2 and T3 treatments also showed increased lightness and shear force values (p<0.05) compared to the control groups (NC and PC). It should be noted that the T3 group had the highest (p<0.05) residual nitrite content among all the samples. However, a sensory analysis is necessary to assess consumer acceptance with regard to differences in the odor profile of the treatments, according to the Principal Components Analysis (PCA).
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Antipova, Т. N., and A. A. Labutin. "Justification of producing quality heat-resistant composite material using metals of platinum group by method of magnetic spray." Informacionno-technologicheskij vestnik 15, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21499/2409-1650-2018-1-127-136.
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In the work the technological scheme of manufacturing of a laminated composite material (SCM) by the method of magnetron sputtering is shown. This scheme consists of several successive steps: applying a protective coating to the mandrel, depositing the composite material to the required thickness, removing the mandrel. To implement this scheme, an experimental setup was made. Cathodes made of heat-resistant materials are made. A sample of the Ir - W - Nb system was obtained. His microstructure was studied. The conceptual model of the system of quantitative indicators of the quality of composite material production is developed. The system of indicators allows to obtain mathematical dependences of the product quality indicators on the indicators of technological operations at all production stages, and therefore to justify the optimal parameters of these modes.
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Fabulya, Zoltán. "Kazán jelleggörbe elemzése hőkezelési folyamat optimalizálásához." Jelenkori Társadalmi és Gazdasági Folyamatok 6, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2011): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/jtgf.2011.1-2.19-23.
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The quality and rentability o f preserved food (besides the quality o f the basic m aterials, the good recipe, the features o f the production belts) are determined by their h eat-treatm ent and its organization. The production process w hich was not planned carefully can im ply quality problem s and considerable increase of expenses. To support work organization with com puter has not been in practice in H ungary so far. M y main objective in case o f technologies w ith an autoclave group is to elaborate a program system based on sim ulation which could help reduce th e direct costs o f heat- treatm ent and improve the quality o f products. For this objective it is necessary to carry out further sub-tasks and exam inations w hose results should be utilized in the system. O ne o f these is to analyse w ith sim ulation the load-dependent efficiency graph o f gas boiler w hich provides the necessary amount o f steam and then to use the results to find the conditions o f optim al o peration and to calculate costs reduction arising from it
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Murphy, Tom W., Andrew Hess, Jim E. Miller, and Joan M. Burke. "374 Birth Season and Production System Effects on Post-Weaning Growth and Gastrointestinal Nematode Infection of Katahdin Lambs." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (November 6, 2023): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.366.
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Abstract The objective was to estimate birth season (F = fall, W = winter) and production system (C = conventional, O = organic) effects on Katahdin lamb growth and gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infection. Lambs were weighed and weaned at ~60 d of age and body weight (BW, n = 5,089), fecal egg count (FEC, n = 4,772), and packed cell volume (PCV, n = 4,962) were recorded at ~90, 120, and 150 d of age. Records were analyzed from 599, 142, 1,113, and 126 F-C, F-O, W-C, and W-O lambs, respectively. Lambs were not dewormed and FEC was transformed as: LFEC = log10(FEC + 25). Traits were analyzed as repeated measures with fixed effects of time, sex, birth/rear type, and season-system, the linear covariate of actual age at 90 d, and random effects of sire, birth year, and contemporary group. The time x season-system interaction was significant for all traits (P < 0.001; Figure 1). At 90 d, BW was greater for W-C and W-O than F-C and F-O (P ≤ 0.05). By 150 d, W-O lambs had greater BW (P ≤ 0.04) than all other season-systems which weren’t different from each other. Lamb LFEC was greatest for F-C (P < 0.001), intermediate for F-O, and least for W-C and W-O at 90 d. All season-systems had similar LFEC at 120 d, but W-C lambs had greater LFEC at 150 d than all others (P < 0.01). At 90 d, PCV was less for F-C than all others (P ≤ 0.02) except W-O. Both F-C and F-O had greater PCV (P < 0.001) than W-C and W-O at 120 d and, at 150 d, PCV was less for W-C than all others (P < 0.001). To investigate production impacts of GIN infection in different season-systems, average daily gain from weaning to 90 d (ADG60-90, n = 1,842) was analyzed in a similar model with the additional linear covariate of LFEC at 90 d (LFEC90). The season-system x LFEC90 interaction was significant (P < 0.01), indicating differing impacts of GIN infection. A one-unit increase in LFEC90 (e.g., ~500 vs. 5000 eggs/g) had negative impacts on ADG60-90 for W-O, F-C, and W-C (-27.1, -22.4, and -12.5 g/d, respectively) and solutions were not different from one another. However, LFEC90 did not affect F-O ADG60-90 potentially due to decreased performance (158.4 g/d) than other season-systems (171.5 – 204.3 g/d). Overall, BW was less for F than W lambs and FEC decreased with age for F with the opposite for W lambs. Slight advantages in performance were observed for W-O compared with W-C lambs. Season-system differences could be attributed to varied forage quality and breeding objectives and results utilized in precision sheep management. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
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Timmermans, Evelyne, Ine Langie, An Bautil, Kristof Brijs, Carolien Buvé, Ann Van Loey, Ilse Scheirlinck, Roel Van der Meulen, and Christophe M. Courtin. "Study of the Fermentation Characteristics of Non-Conventional Yeast Strains in Sweet Dough." Foods 12, no. 4 (February 15, 2023): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12040830.
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Despite the diverse functions of yeast, only a relatively homogenous group of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts is used in the baking industry. Much of the potential of the natural diversity of yeasts has not been explored, and the sensory complexity of fermented baked foods is limited. While research on non-conventional yeast strains in bread making is increasing, it is minimal for sweet fermented bakery products. In this study, the fermentation characteristics of 23 yeasts from the bakery, beer, wine, and spirits industries were investigated in sweet dough (14% added sucrose w/w dm flour). Significant differences in invertase activity, sugar consumption (0.78–5.25% w/w dm flour), and metabolite (0.33–3.01% CO2; 0.20–1.26% ethanol; 0.17–0.80% glycerol; 0.09–0.29% organic acids) and volatile compound production were observed. A strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.76, p < 0.001) between sugar consumption and metabolite production was measured. Several non-conventional yeast strains produced more positive aroma compounds and fewer off-flavors than the reference baker’s yeast. This study shows the potential of non-conventional yeast strains in sweet dough.
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Beltrán, Tomás F., Marta Feliz, Rosa Llusar, Vicent S. Safont, and Cristian Vicent. "Mechanism of the catalytic gas-phase aldehyde production from trinuclear W3S4 complexes bearing W-OEt groups." Catalysis Today 177, no. 1 (November 2011): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2011.05.017.
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Qi, Fengxia, Ping Chen, and Page W. Caufield. "Purification of Mutacin III from Group IIIStreptococcus mutans UA787 and Genetic Analyses of Mutacin III Biosynthesis Genes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 9 (September 1, 1999): 3880–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.9.3880-3887.1999.
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ABSTRACT Previously, members of our group reported the isolation and characterization of mutacin II from Streptococcus mutans T8 and the genetic analyses of the mutacin II biosynthesis genes (J. Novak, P. W. Caufield, and E. J. Miller, J. Bacteriol. 176:4316–4320, 1994; F. Qi, P. Chen, and P. W. Caufield, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:652–658, 1999; P. Chen, F. Qi, J. Novak, and P. W. Caufield, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:1356–1360, 1999). In this study, we cloned and sequenced the mutacin III biosynthesis gene locus from a group III strain of S. mutans, UA787. DNA sequence analysis revealed eight open reading frames, which we designated mutR, -A, -A′,-B, -C, -D, -P, and-T. MutR bears strong homology with MutR of mutacin II, while MutA, -B, -C, -D, -P, and -T are counterparts of proteins in the lantibiotic epidermin group. MutA′ has 60% amino acid identity with MutA and therefore appears to be a duplicate of MutA. Insertional inactivation demonstrated that mutA is an essential gene for mutacin III production, while mutA′ is not required. Mutacin III was purified to homogeneity by using reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. N-terminal peptide sequencing of the purified mutacin III determined mutA to be the structural gene for prepromutacin III. The molecular mass of the purified peptide was measured by laser disorption mass spectrophotometry and found to be 2,266.43 Da, consistent with our supposition that mutacin III has posttranslational modifications similar to those of the lantibiotic epidermin.
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Peppmeier, Zack, Dalton R. Obermier, and Mark Knauer. "PSIII-7 Production trait differences between show pig and commerical genetic lines." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.297.
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Abstract The objective was to compare growth and body composition of pigs sired by boars from the show pig industry to those sired by modern commercial genetic lines. Data included one group of 174 male pigs from 16 sires and 50 dams. Pigs were sired by Large White (LW) show pig sires (SHOW) or one of two maternal LW commercial genetic lines (W or P). Dams of all pigs evaluated were from line P. Pigs were weaned at 27 d of age and placed into a mechanically ventilated nursery (0.23 m2 per pig). After 35 d in the nursery, pigs moved to a naturally ventilated finisher (0.74 m2 per pig) with fully slatted floors. Weight, 10th rib backfat, and loin eye area (LEA) were collected at 156 d of age (backfat and LEA adjusted to 114 kg). Data was analyzed using PROC GLM with a fixed effect of genetic line and covariates of weaning age and birth weight. A one day increase in weaning age increased (P < 0.01) 156 d weight by 658 g. Nursery average daily gain (ADG) was greater (P < 0.01) for pigs sired by SHOW and W when compared to P (414 and 397 vs. 351 g, respectively) yet finishing ADG did not differ (P > 0.05) (821 and 817 vs. 797 g, respectively). Backfat was thicker (P < 0.01) for SHOW when compared to W or P (16.7 vs. 14.7 and 14.7 mm, respectively) and LEA was larger (P < 0.05) for SHOW when compared to W or P (47.3 vs. 44.8 and 44.0 cm2, respectively). Finishing lean gain per day was greater (P < 0.05) for SHOW and W when compared to P (323 and 322 vs. 309 g per d, respectively). Results suggest pigs sired by LW SHOW are fatter, heavier muscled, and have comparable lean growth to those sired by commercial LW genetic lines.
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Kang, Mi-Sun, Dong-Suk Lee, Myoungsuk Kim, Seung-Ah Lee, and Seoul-Hee Nam. "A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial to Assess the Acidogenic Potential of Dental Biofilms through a Tablet Containing Weissella cibaria CMU." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 4674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094674.
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The possibility of preventing dental caries by taking probiotic bacterium Weissella cibaria (W. cibaria) CMU tablets to alter the pH of the dental plaque in the oral cavity was evaluated. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on adults aged 20 years or older with 20 or more natural teeth. Ninety-two people underwent dental scaling before being randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 49) or the control group (n = 43). Depending on the group they belonged to, W. cibaria CMU or the placebo was administered to them once daily for 8 weeks before bedtime. Twenty-four subjects were later excluded from the study because the week 8 dosing was not smoothly performed, for a final subject count of 68. The Cariview test was used to evaluate the amount of acid produced by the dental plaque to assess the risk of caries. The results showed that although there was no significant difference between the results of the two groups, the intake of the W. cibaria CMU tablets eliminated the risk of developing dental caries from acid production in the oral flora because the W. cibaria colonizes and lives in the dental plaque and the oral cavity and suppresses acids.
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García, Gisela, María Emilia Agosto, Lilia Cavaglieri, and Cecilia Dogi. "Effect of fermented whey with a probiotic bacterium on gut immune system." Journal of Dairy Research 87, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029919000980.
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AbstractThe aim of the work presented in this Research Communication was to evaluate the effect of fermented whey (FW) with Lactobacillus rhamnosus RC007 in a mice model. BALB/c mice were divided into three groups: control group: animals received orally 0.1 ml of phosphate buffered saline (PBS); FW group: animals received orally 0.1 ml of FW; whey (W) group: animals received orally 0.1 ml of W without fermentation with probiotic bacterium. After 10 d mice were sacrificed. Small intestines were collected for determination of IL-10; IL-6, TNFα, goblet cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes. Increases of all the cytokines assayed were observed in mice that received FW compared to control and W group. The ratio between the anti and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10/TNFα) increased in the group of mice that received FW. The number of goblet cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes were also increased in animals that received FW. The results showed that FW with L. rhamnosus RC007 was able to stimulate and to modulate mouse immune system. Whey fermented by this probiotic bacterium is an interesting alternative for development of a new food additive for pig production, taking advantage of the beneficial properties of probiotic bacterium and the nutritional properties of whey.
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Ebbe, S., D. Carpenter, and T. Yee. "Megakaryocytopenia in W/Wv mice is accompanied by an increase in size within ploidy groups and acceleration of maturation." Blood 74, no. 1 (July 1, 1989): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v74.1.94.94.
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Abstract Megakaryocytopoiesis was evaluated in W/Wv mice and their normal +/+ littermates to analyze the mechanisms by which normal platelet production is maintained in W/Wv mice even though numbers of megakaryocytes are low. Relative sizes of megakaryocytes, and their nuclei and cytoplasm, were measured microscopically in bone marrow smears, and the ploidy of the same cells was measured by two-wavelength microspectrophotometry. Maturation rate of megakaryocytes was estimated after they were labeled with tritiated thymidine. W/Wv megakaryocytes were macrocytic: average cell size was increased in each ploidy group. The increase in cytoplasmic area exceeded that of the nucleus. Further analysis of the predominant 16N ploidy group revealed that the increase in average cell size was due to depletion of cells of small size. Megakaryocytes matured more rapidly than normal in W/Wv mice. These results showed that megakaryocyte size and ploidy can be regulated separately. They suggest that alterations in cell growth and maturation may be mechanisms by which the organism can compensate for a deficiency in numbers of megakaryocytes, but they do not define the mechanism by which the deficiency may be sensed or by which the compensatory changes may be mediated. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use.