Relevant bibliographies by topics / Group IV metals

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Group IV metals'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Groysman, Stanislav, Ekaterina Sergeeva, Israel Goldberg, and Moshe Kol. "Salophan Complexes of Group IV Metals." European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2005, no. 12 (June 2005): 2480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.200500243.

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Passerone, A., M. L. Muolo, and D. Passerone. "Wetting of Group IV diborides by liquid metals." Journal of Materials Science 41, no. 16 (July 18, 2006): 5088–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0442-8.

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Verma, M. L., A. Verma, and R. P. S. Rathore. "Phase Transitions and Stability of Group IV BCC Metals." Acta Physica Polonica A 93, no. 3 (March 1998): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.93.479.

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McMahon, M. I., O. Degtyareva, and R. J. Nelmes. "Ba-IV-Type Incommensurate Crystal Structure in Group-V Metals." Physical Review Letters 85, no. 23 (December 4, 2000): 4896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.85.4896.

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Wheeler, R. G., K. LaiHing, W. L. Wilson, and M. A. Duncan. "Growth patterns in binary clusters of Group IV and V metals." Journal of Chemical Physics 88, no. 4 (February 15, 1988): 2831–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454018.

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Egorov, F. F., O. V. Pshenichnaya, V. E. Matsera, and A. A. Mamonova. "Interaction of nitrides of group IV–V transition metals with chromium." Powder Metallurgy and Metal Ceramics 36, no. 3-4 (March 1997): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02676090.

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Leng, Ji-Dong, Andreas K. Kostopoulos, Liam H. Isherwood, Ana-Maria Ariciu, Floriana Tuna, Iñigo J. Vitórica-Yrezábal, Robin G. Pritchard, et al. "Chromium chains as polydentate fluoride ligands for actinides and group IV metals." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 18 (2018): 6361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt00803e.

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Kovalev, D. Yu, A. E. Sytschev, I. D. Kovalev, A. I. Dekhtyar, and I. V. Moiseeva. "SHS hydrogenation of group IV metals as studied by time-resolved XRD." International Journal of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis 23, no. 4 (October 2014): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1061386214040062.

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Kul'kova, S. E., and O. N. Muryzhnikova. "Electron and positron characteristics of dioxides of transition metals of group IV." Russian Physics Journal 36, no. 9 (September 1993): 894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00559005.

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Yamanaka, Shinsuke, and Masanobu Miyake. "Influence of interstitial elements on hydrogen solubility in the Group IV metals." Journal of Nuclear Materials 201 (May 1993): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3115(93)90168-x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Janeway, Felix David. "Aluminium and group IV metals for polymerisation of lactide." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12492/.

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The overall aim of this project is to broaden the understanding of the polymerisation of lactide to make poly(lactic acid). The major uses of poly(lactic acid) are in the household, replacing petroplastics to make disposable items such as plastic bags. During this project, new catalysts for the polymerisation of lactide will be synthesised, with both electron poor and electron precise target molecules being identified in order to discover useful replacements for current catalysts. Study of the mechanism of the polymerisation of lactide will be achieved by variation of the steric and electronic properties of the catalysts, as insights into the mechanism of the polymerisation may also give ideas as to how to better design viable industrial alternatives to those compounds already established. Target molecules will be tested for their ability to polymerise lactide to discover motifs which are efficient at synthesising poly(lactic acid), as well as exploring those motifs which are traditionally avoided for polymerisation of lactide. The nature of the polymers obtained will be investigated, and qualifications of what makes a useful polymer for industrial use defined. The project will investigate the possible products formed after polymerisation, and attempts will be made to exploit the structure of a catalyst to impart functionality into the polymer chain itself. Some of the target molecules of this project are also expected to have anti-cancer properties, so their anti-cancer activity will be assessed in vitro, and polymers made using anti-cancer active catalysts will be tested for anti-cancer activity.
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Jaggar, Andrew James. "The synthesis and reactions of cationic alkyl complexes of group(IV) transition metals." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.332355.

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Gribkov, Denis. "Novel catalysts for stereoselective hydroamination of olefins based on rare earth and group IV metals." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976595567.

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Lapenta, Rosita. "New metal catalysts for the synthesis of polyolefins and bioderived polymers." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2980.

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2016 - 2017
The aim of PhD project is the synthesis of new metal catalysts active in the polymerization of polar monomer and α-olefins. In the last decade, transition metal complexes bearing tetradentate bis(phenolato) ligands are widely studied for their high polymerization control and activity.1 The bis(phenolato) ligand is composed of two phenoxide groups linked by a bridge comprising two donor heteroatoms; when the donors are two sulfur atoms, the ligand is called of OSSO-type... [edited by Author]
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Patel, Bhavesh. "Hard/soft interactions : Group IV metal halide complexes with soft donor ligands of Groups 15 and 16." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395952.

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Lundberg, Helena. "Group (IV) Metal-Catalyzed Direct Amidation : Synthesis and Mechanistic Considerations." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för organisk kemi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116955.

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The amide unit constitutes the backbone of proteins, and it is present in a large number of pharmaceutically active molecules, polymeric materials such as nylon and Kevlar, as well as in food additives like aspartame. Amides are produced in enormous amounts every year, thus, environmentally friendly and selective methods for their formation are of great importance. This thesis deals with the direct formation of amides from non-activated carboxylic acids and amines with the aid of group (IV) metal complexes. Water is the only by-product of this environmentally benign process. This fact stands in contrast to the most common methods for amide formation to date, which involve the use of waste-intensive, expensive and often toxic coupling reagents. The catalytic protocols presented herein use titanium, zirconium and hafnium complexes under mild reaction conditions to produce amides in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, carbamates are demonstrated to be suitable sources of gaseous amines for the formation of primary and tertiary amides under catalytic conditions. In addition, preliminary results from on-going mechanistic investigations of the zirconium- and hafnium-catalyzed processes are presented.
Amidbindningen är en kemisk enhet som utgör ryggraden i proteiner, och som även återfinns i en stor mängd läkemedelsmolekyler, polymera material som nylon och Kevlar, samt i tillsatser i livsmedelsindustrin, exempelvis aspartam. Amider produceras i enorma mängder varje år, och det är av stor vikt att utveckla miljövänliga och selektiva metoder för deras framställning. Denna avhandling behandlar direkt amidering av icke-aktiverade karboxylsyror och aminer med hjälp av katalytiska mängder metallkomplex, baserade på titan, zirkonium och hafnium. Den enda biprodukten från denna amideringsreaktion är vatten. Jämfört med de metoder som generellt används idag för amidsyntes, så är de presenterade metoderna avsevärt mer miljövänliga med avseende på toxicitet hos reagensen såväl som på mängden avfall som genereras. Dessutom redovisas här en katalytisk metod för syntes av primära och tertiära amider genom att använda olika karbamat som källa till gasformiga aminer, vilka annars kan vara praktiskt svåra att arbeta med. Preliminära resultat från en pågående mekanistisk studie av de zirkonium- och hafnium-katalyserade processerna är också inkluderade.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Accepted.

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Theurkauff, Gabriel. "Investigations on the stereoselective polymerization of α-olefins by single-site group IV metal catalysts." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S158/document.

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Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont trait à la catalyse de polymérisation des α-oléfines sont présentés en 4 parties distinctes. La première est consacrée à l'étude d'un système catalytique pour la production de polypropylène élastomère. L'analyse poussée des polymères produits et la caractérisation complète des catalyseurs utilisés a permis de montrer la présence de deux homopolymères sous forme de blende. La seconde partie porte sur la copolymérisation de monomères bifonctionnels vinyl-vinylidène avec le propylène. La caractérisation des polymères a permis de révéler la réactivité particulière des liaisons vinylidène et d'étudier l'influence du catalyseur utilisé sur le mécanisme de la polymérisation. La troisième partie s'intéresse à la caractérisation des espèces active en polymérisation et à l'étude des mécanismes d'activation et de désactivation des catalyseurs métallocènes. La synthèse et la caractérisation d'espèces cationiques, l'étude de leur comportement dynamique en solution, ainsi que l'évaluation de leur productivité en polymérisation ont permis d'établir un lien entre les propriétés électrophiles de ces espèces et de leur activité en polymérisation. La dernière partie porte sur l'homopolymérisation d'α-oléfines encombrées. La recherche d'un catalyseur suffisamment productif nous a amené à tester plusieurs catalyseurs présentant des structures différentes. L'absence de catalyseur productif soulève l'hypothèse d'interactions désactivantes entre le catalyseur et le monomère
The work presented in the manuscript focus on α-olefin polymerization catalysis, and is divided into four distinct parts. The first part is dedicated to the study of catalytic systems for the production of elastomeric polypropylene. The analysis of the produced polymers and the characterization of the catalysts showed the presence of two homopolymers as a blend in the elastomeric polypropylene. The second part focuses on the copolymerization of bifunctionnal vinyl-vinylidene monomers with propylene. The characterization of the polymers revealed the reactivity of the vinylidène bonds and showed different polymerization mechanisms for the different catalysts. The third part reports a study on the activation and deactivation pathways of the active species in polymerization. The characterization of model cationic species and the study of their behavior in solution and in polymerization showed the relationship between the electrophilicity of the species and its productivity in propylene polymerization. The last part is dedicated to the polymerization of hindered α-olefins. The quest for a productive catalyst led to test various single site catalysts with different structures. Deactivating interactions between the monomers and the catalyst are supposed to explain the low productivity of the tested catalysts
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Wintersgill, S. "Reactions of group IV metal compounds with isocyanates, and their catalytic applications." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311171.

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Thompson, Joseph. "Development of single-source CVD precursors for group IV, V and VI metal disulfides." Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715262.

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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit a wide range of interesting properties and potential applications. The major barrier to the use of these materials in devices is the formation of high quality thin films. Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) is a scalable technique which can provide high quality thin films over large areas. The principal objective of this work is to synthesise and characterise a range of single-source precursors for the deposition of metal disulfides. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the applications, properties and synthesis of TMDs. An overview of CVD highlights the major variants used while the major classes of metal chalcogenide single-source precursors are reviewed. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis, characterisation and structures of group IV metal thioureide complexes formed by the insertion of isothiocyanates into group IV metal amides. Heteroleptic and homoleptic group IV metal dithiocarbamates are also investigated with selected complexes used as precursors in aerosol-assisted CVD (AACVD) and low pressure CVD (LPCVD) experiments. Chapter 3 describes the synthesis, characterisation and structures of tantalum thioureide complexes formed by the insertion of isothiocyanates into PDMAT or [(tBuN)Ta(NMe2)3]. Thermal decomposition studies of these complexes are discussed. tert-butylimide based tantalum dithiocarbamates are also investigated as both AACVD and LPCVD precursors for the deposition of TaS2. Chapter 4 describes the synthesis, characterisation and structures of group VI metal thioureide complexes formed by the reactions of bis(tert-butylimido)bis(amido) group VI metal complexes and either isothiocyanates or disubstituted thioureas. The suitability of these complexes as AACVD precursors is explored. Homoleptic group VI metal dithiocarbamates and xanthates are also investigated as AACVD precursors. Deposition of WS2 onto graphene substrates is studied using the precursor [W(S2CNEt2)4]. Chapter 5 contains experimental procedures and characterisation data for the complexes and thin films described. Appendix lists the crystal structure refinement tables and EDX analysis spectra.
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Loukova, G. V., V. V. Vasiliev, V. L. Ivanov, M. Ya Melnikov, V. A. Smirnov, and E. E. Melnichuk. "Two−photon Processes in Organometallic Molecules and Clusters: T−T Absorption of Group IV Metal Complexes." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35395.

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Triplet – triplet absorption of d0 metal complexes was for the first time revealed and studied by means of pulse photolysis and electron-exchange (Dexter) resonant energy transfer energy transfer. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35395
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Books on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Kresinski, Roman Alexander. Tris(pyrazolyl)borate complexes of Group IV metals. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1990.

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Jaggar, Andrew J. The synthesis and reactions of cationic alkyl complexes of group (IV) transition metals. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1992.

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Lancaster, Simon John. Cationic group IV metal alkyls as polymerisation catalysts. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1992.

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Matty, Caymax, Materials Research Society Meeting, and Symposium on High-Mobility Group-IV Materials and Devices (2004 : Francisco, Calif.), eds. High-mobility group-IV materials and devices: Symposium held April 13-15, 2004, San Francisco, California, U.S.A. Warrendale, Pa: Materials Research Society, 2004.

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Lockwood, David J., Leonid Tsybeskov, Christophe Delerue, Masakazu Ichikawa, and Anthony W. van Buuren. Group IV Semiconductor Nanostructures - 2006. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2014.

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Kasper, Erich, Matty Caymax, Ken Rim, Shigeaki Zaima, and Paulo F. P. Fichtner. High-Mobility Group-IV Materials and Devices: Volume 809. University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations, 2014.

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Buschbeck, Karl-Christian. U Uranium: "Supplement Volume B2 Alloys of Uranium with Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earths, and Elements of Main Groups III and IV". Springer, 2013.

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Group IV Semiconductor Nanostructures: 2006: Symposium Held November 27-December 1, 2006, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. (Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings). Materials Research Society, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Terner, J., Catherine M. Reczek, and Andrew J. Sitter. "Resonance Raman Spectroscopy of the Fe(IV)=O Group in Peroxidase Intermediates." In Oxygen Complexes and Oxygen Activation by Transition Metals, 327. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0955-0_39.

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Wollschläger, J. "Decoration of domain boundaries: group IV elements and IV–IV compounds: Si (111) (decoration by elemental metals and semiconductors)." In Physics of Solid Surfaces, 273–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-53908-8_55.

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Dolukhanyan, S. K., V. Sh Shekhtman, N. N. Aghajanyan, Kh S. Harutyunyan, A. G. Aleksanyan, H. G. Hakobyan, K. A. Abrahamyan, and O. P. Ter-Galstyan. "Influence of Accelerated Electron Beam on Formation of IV Group Metals’ Hydrides (Hf-H2 System)." In Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides, 113–21. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0600-2_12.

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Saito, Y., and T. Noda. "Cluster cations ejected from liquid metal ion source: alkali metals (Li, Na) and group IV elements (Si, Ge, Sn, Pb)." In Small Particles and Inorganic Clusters, 225–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74913-1_51.

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Papaconstantopoulos, Dimitris A. "Free-Electron-Like Metals of Groups III and IV." In Handbook of the Band Structure of Elemental Solids, 305–36. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8264-3_7.

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Fitzpatrick, Brian J. "Transition Metal Pnictides and Compounds with Group IV Elements." In Inorganic Reactions and Methods, 238. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470145333.ch166.

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Clearfield, Abraham. "Recent Advances in Pillared Clays and Group IV Metal Phosphates." In Surface Organometallic Chemistry: Molecular Approaches to Surface Catalysis, 271–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2971-5_14.

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Rogozinskaja, A. A., I. I. Timofeeva, L. A. Klochkov, A. A. Rogozinskiy, A. D. Zolotarenko, and A. F. Savenko. "XRD Study of Hydrogenated Fullerites and Metals from IV–V Groups." In Carbon Nanomaterials in Clean Energy Hydrogen Systems, 805–8. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8898-8_100.

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Goretskiy, Oleksandr, Dmytro Shakhnin, Viktor Malyshev, and Tetiana Lukashenko. "IV–VIB Group Metal Boride and Carbide Nanopowder Corrosion Resistance in Nickeling Electrolytes." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 251–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17759-1_17.

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Dobromyslov, A. V. "Phase Transformation in Binary Titanium-Base Alloys with Metals of the I, IV−VIII Groups." In Materials Science Forum, 1349–54. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-432-4.1349.

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Conference papers on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Velisavljevic, N., G. N. Chesnut, D. M. Dattelbaum, Y. K. Vohra, A. Stemshorn, Mark Elert, Michael D. Furnish, William W. Anderson, William G. Proud, and William T. Butler. "STRUCTURAL PHASE STABILITY IN GROUP IV METALS UNDER STATIC HIGH PRESSURE." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER 2009: Proceedings of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3295022.

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Tomashik, V. N., V. I. Grytsiv, Z. F. Tomashik, and O. V. Seritsan. "Interaction of II-VI, III-VI and IV-VI group semiconductors with metals." In Material Science and Material Properties for Infrared Optoelectronics, edited by Fiodor F. Sizov and Vladimir V. Tetyorkin. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.280466.

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Pacio, J., M. Daubner, T. Wetzel, I. Di Piazza, M. Tarantino, D. Martelli, and M. Angelucci. "Experimental Nusselt Number in Rod Bundles Cooled by Heavy-Liquid Metals." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82213.

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A detailed safety assessment of innovative Generation IV reactor designs with heavy-liquid metal coolants, such as lead and lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), requires an evaluation of the maximum core temperature in several postulated scenarios. Considering the complex geometry of fuel assemblies (FAs), and the low Prandtl number of the coolants, this flow scenario is challenging for the models used in numerical simulations, e.g. for relating the turbulent transport of momentum and heat. Thus, reliable experimental data are needed for validation. In recent years, a series of comprehensive heat transfer tests in fuel pin bundle simulators was performed at ENEA (Italy) and KIT (Germany) in the framework of the European collaborative projects THINS and SEARCH. Both grid and wire spacer geometries are considered, in a wide range of operating conditions (temperature, flow velocity and power density) representative of the ALFRED and MYRRHA fuel assemblies, in natural and forced-convective flow regimes. Although different experimental approaches were followed by each group (e.g. thermocouple position and average data treatment), there is a relatively good agreement on results in the overlapping regions. These experimental studies indicate that the mean Nusselt number is in well agreement with the predictions of empirical correlations developed for sodium systems. In particular, for wire-spaced FA, heat transfer results show values close to the Kazimi-Carelli correlation both for low and high flow rates at ENEA and KIT respectively. For grid-spaced FA, results are more in agreement with Ushakov correlation. Furthermore, large temperature differences are measured by thermo-couples installed at selected rods and sub-channels. A discussion on the influences of the spacer design and bundle size is included. This wide comparison allows an overview of the research on the HLM cooled fuel assembly in Europe.
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Cheng, Zhiwen Zhou, Zhimeng Cai, Hongkai Lai, and Songyan Chen. "Metal-semiconductor-metal Ge photodetectors on SOI substrates for near infrared wavelength operation." In 2008 5th IEEE International Conference on Group IV Photonics. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/group4.2008.4638106.

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Suda, R., M. Yagi, A. Kojima, N. Mori, J. Shirakashi, and N. Koshida. "Criterion for Ballistic-electron Printing of Thin Metal and Group IV Films." In 2016 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2016.d-6-04.

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Hui, Alvin Tak Lok, Yunhong Ding, Hao Hu, and Michael Galili. "Carrier dynamics analysis in metal-semiconductor-metal device for mid-IR silicon photonics." In 2017 IEEE 14th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/group4.2017.8082202.

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Kang, Jian, Rui Zhang, Mitsuru Takenaka, and Shinichi Takagi. "Dark current suppression for germanium metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector by plasma post-oxidation passivation." In 2013 IEEE 10th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/group4.2013.6644410.

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Russkih, A. S., S. A. Krasikov, and E. M. Zhilina. "Aluminothermic synthesis of high entropy alloys from metals of IV and V groups." In THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICAL INSTRUMENTATION AND ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0033063.

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Kang, Jian, Mitsuru Takenaka, and Shinichi Takagi. "Impact of GeOx passivation on Dark Current for wafer-bonded Ge-on-insulator metal-semiconductor-metal photodetector." In 2015 IEEE 12th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/group4.2015.7305952.

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Miura, Makoto, Junichi Fujikata, Masataka Noguchi, Daisuke Okamoto, Tsuyoshi Horikawa, and Yasuhiko Arakawa. "High-uniformity waveguide-integrated metal-semiconductor-metal germanium photodetector with sige capping layer and its application to differential receivers." In 2012 IEEE 9th International Conference on Group IV Photonics (GFP). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/group4.2012.6324143.

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Reports on the topic "Group IV metals"

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Luo, Pan, Fuqiang Gao, Nianfei Zhang, Hongwei Yu, Ke Xu, and Peng Xu. Evaluation of tranexamic acid after total hip arthroplasty over 60 years old in China: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.1.0048.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid after total hip arthroplasty in patients older than 60 years old in China by meta-analysis. Participant or population: All trials included in our study meet the following criteria: (1) All studies were original RCTs; (2) The mean age of patients for each study was ≥ 60 years old; (3) Patients were received total hip arthroplasty in all studies; (4) All studies included oral and iv or topical groups, with a comparison of outcomes between the two groups; (5) The full text of the included literature can be obtained, and the measurement data of hemoglobin drop, total blood loss, transfusion rate, complication, length of stay can be extracted. The following studies were excluded from the meta-analysis: nonrandomized studies; the patients with age<60; studies not suitable with the inclusive criteria; and articles for which we were unable to obtain the full text and relevant data for pooled analysis.
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Li, Rongyang, Zheng Ma, and Jianhao Qiu. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in esophageal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0024.

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Review question / Objective: We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the prognostic value of pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in esophageal cancer patients and the association between SII and the clinicopathological features of esophageal cancer. Eligibility criteria: (I) involved patients diagnosed with EC histopathologically; (II) hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for pretreatment SII and survival outcomes were reported, or the correlation between SII and clinicopathological characteristics of EC was stated; (III) SII was calculated by the following formula: platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count; and (IV) a definite cut-off value of pretreatment SII was available to divide the patients into high or low SII group.
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WANG, Xuesong, Xuliang SHI, Jing LV, Juncha ZHANG, Yongli HUO, Guang ZUO, Guangtong LU, Cunzhi LIU, and Yanfen SHE. Acupuncture and Related Therapies for anxiety and depression in Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS-D): A Network Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0162.

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Review question / Objective: Acupuncture-related therapies are effective Diarrhoea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS-D), therefore, our aim was to evaluate and rank the effect of different acupuncture-related therapies for the anxiety-depression status of IBS-D patients. Eligibility criteria: The published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture-related therapies for the treatment of IBS-D, regardless of age and sex. Clear diagnostic criteria were required to confirm the diagnosis of IBS-D, Such as Rome I, Rome II, Rome III, Rome IV, and Chinese expert consensus. Interventions in the treatment group included various types of acupuncture-related therapies, including simple acupuncture (ACU), electroacupuncture (EA), warm acupuncture (WA), moxibustion (MOX), or a combination of acupuncture and drugs; the control group is anti-diarrheal or anti-spasmodic western medicine, or placebo, or comparison between various acupuncture-related therapies. The results of the report are required to include at least one of the following outcome indicators: (1) primary outcome: Hamilton anxiety rating scale( HAMA), hamilton depression rating scale(HAMD), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale(SDS), secondary outcome: Response rate. The language of the publication was limited to Chinese or English.
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Harris, Gregory, Brooke Hatchell, Davelin Woodard, and Dwayne Accardo. Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine for Reduction of Postoperative Delirium in the Elderly: A Scoping Review. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0010.

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Background/Purpose: Post-operative delirium leads to significant morbidity in elderly patients, yet there is no regimen to prevent POD. Opioid use in the elderly surgical population is of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. The purpose of this scoping review is to recognize that Dexmedetomidine mitigates cognitive dysfunction secondary to acute pain and the use of narcotic analgesia by decreasing the amount of norepinephrine (an excitatory neurotransmitter) released during times of stress. This mechanism of action also provides analgesia through decreased perception and modulation of pain. Methods: The authors developed eligibility criteria for inclusion of articles and performed a systematic search of several databases. Each of the authors initially selected five articles for inclusion in the scoping review. We created annotated literature tables for easy screening by co-authors. After reviewing the annotated literature table four articles were excluded, leaving 11 articles for inclusion in the scoping review. There were six level I meta-analysis/systematic reviews, four level II randomized clinical trials, and one level IV qualitative research article. Next, we created a data-charting form on Microsoft Word for extraction of data items and synthesis of results. Results: Two of the studies found no significant difference in POD between dexmedetomidine groups and control groups. The nine remaining studies noted decreases in the rate, duration, and risk of POD in the groups receiving dexmedetomidine either intraoperatively or postoperatively. Multiple studies found secondary benefits in addition to decreased POD, such as a reduction of tachycardia, hypertension, stroke, hypoxemia, and narcotic use. One study, however, found that the incidence of hypotension and bradycardia were increased among the elderly population. Implications for Nursing Practice: Surgery is a tremendous stressor in any age group, but especially the elderly population. It has been shown postoperative delirium occurs in 17-61% of major surgery procedures with 30-40% of the cases assumed to be preventable. Opioid administration in the elderly surgical population is one of the most significant risk factors for developing POD. With anesthesia practice already leaning towards opioid-free and opioid-limited anesthetic, the incorporation of dexmedetomidine could prove to be a valuable resource in both reducing opioid use and POD in the elderly surgical population. Although more research is needed, the current evidence is promising.
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