Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Group identity – Belgium – History'
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1
Bozzini, Arnaud. "Engagement politique et reconstruction identitaire: les Juifs communistes à Bruxelles au lendemain de la Seconde guerre mondiale, 1944-1963." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209730.
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Alors que le silence s’était fait grand au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le judéocide a été depuis trois décennies investi par la recherche historique. Le constat est toutefois bien différent pour la période de la reconstruction des collectivités juives après 1945 qui demeure en grande partie absente de l’historiographie contemporaine. Or, le séisme que constitue le judéocide incite à analyser les divers processus qui se mettent en place et qui visent à terme à la reconstruction de la collectivité juive de Belgique. Cette thèse doctorale cherche donc à éclairer ce processus de retour à la normale. L’objectif est plus spécifiquement d’interroger la période de la reconstruction sous l'angle de l'engagement politique. C’est une histoire socio-politique et une histoire culturelle du politique de la reconstruction de la collectivité juive à Bruxelles que cette analyse propose. L'approche ainsi adoptée identifie tant les enjeux majeurs auxquels la collectivité juive fait face après la Libération que les réponses spécifiques qu'apporte l'activisme politique durant une décennie-charnière dans l'histoire des Juifs de Belgique. Dans cette réflexion sur l'investissement politique comme moteur de reconstruction, l’analyse se porte plus spécifiquement sur la participation à ce processus du milieu juif progressiste et communiste bruxellois. En appréhendant la présence et l’action spécifique des Juifs communiste dans la reconstruction à Bruxelles, cette recherche met en lumière la manière dont l'engagement politique dans ses applications concrètes peut être un facteur de revalorisation et de reconstruction de soi et de sa collectivité. A cette fin, cette étude s’articule principalement autour des archives du mouvement des Juifs communistes bruxellois, Solidarité Juive (documents administratifs et presse yiddish), de celles ses animateurs ainsi que des archives d'un certains nombres d'instances du PCB. Ces sources ainsi revisitées situent cette recherche au confluent de quatre pôles historiographiques que cette étude aliment :l’histoire des Juifs en Belgique et le judéocide, le parcours des militants juifs communistes en Belgique, l’histoire du communisme en Belgique et enfin celui des processus mémoriels.Après une introduction et un aperçu chronologique, cette thèse s’articule autour de six chapitres. Le premier, intitulé "Une collectivité en reconstruction", esquisse une typologie socio-politique qui cerne les débats qui animent la "rue juive" au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre. Ce chapitre offre donc un tableau circonstancié des lignes de force du processus de réinsertion qui constituent le fil rouge de notre propos. Les chapitres suivants étudient plus en détail l'engagement social, mémoriel, culturel et politique des Juifs communistes à Bruxelles et leur impact effectif sur le processus de reconstruction. Le deuxième chapitre, "L'ancrage social de la mouvance judéo-communiste", illustre et analyse l'action sociale et l’implication des militants juifs communistes au sein du maillage institutionnel juif bruxellois. L'intérêt pour le devenir de la jeunesse juive est central dans ce processus. "Entre nécessité et enjeu politique :l’avenir de l’enfance juive", le chapitre 3 s'intéresse autant à la politique menée et ses applications concrètes qu'à la pédagogie qui sous-tend de manière éclairante cette démarche. L’'inscription de ces militants dans la reconstruction à travers son implication dans la promotion d'une culture yiddish populaire et sécularisée d'une part et la valorisation de la mémoire de la Résistance juive et du combat antifasciste d'autre part, deux objets (et agents) implicites mais fondamentaux de la reconstruction constituent les chapitres 4 et 5. A travers ces deux volets, cette recherche met également en lumière le processus de constitution d'une image de soi à revaloriser après les années de persécution. Le chapitre 6, "L'idéologie à l'épreuve de la reconstruction", analyse l'évolution des rapports et des tensions entre les militants juifs et le PCB. Ce portrait collectif du militantisme juif communiste à Bruxelles après 1945 met en évidence la nature même de cet engagement. Ce chapitre s'attache à décrire l'impact de cette relation et de sa détérioration sur le processus de reconstruction. Le propos illustre la tentative des militants juifs de réaliser la synthèse entre une allégeance indéfectible à une utopie politique et aux structures qui l’incarnent, et un attachement revendiqué à une identité spécifique.
Enfin, avant de conclure, cette recherche s’intéresse à l'investissement de ce militantisme juif et communiste dans une phase avancée du processus de reconstruction et de redéploiement de la collectivité juive bruxelloise autour des centres communautaires. A travers la redéfinition du paysage juif à la fin des années 1950, l'épilogue propose une réflexion sur la nature de l'identité juive et communiste d'après-guerre. Ce groupe élabore une réponse évolutive qui tente la conciliation entre des aspirations diverses. Cette dynamique centrale de la réintégration sociétale met en exergue l’impact d’un engagement politique radical, égalitaire, universaliste. Agissant comme un révélateur des tensions socio-politiques de la Belgique d'après-guerre, cet engagement politique – ce qui est propre à tout groupe minoritaire – s'avère un vecteur de reconstruction mais également d'émancipation. Il crée les conditions d'une certaine audace et offre un marchepied idéal au processus d'intégration. Créant les conditions de l'émancipation, il engendre l'explosion des possibles. Le paradoxe est néanmoins que, ce faisant, le PCB favorise la dissonance entre un cadre politique rigidement inadapté aux utopies et aux rêves qu'il avait pu susciter, et le processus d'émancipation qu’il alimente et qui libère, enfin, les "enfants du ghetto".
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
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Sewell, Shaun Erwin. "Public sexuality a contemporary history of gay images and identity /." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://etd.lsu.edu/docs/available/etd-01212005-212501/.
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Keep, Rosemary Isabel. "Facing the family : group portraits and the construction of identity within early modern families." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8463/.
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This thesis draws together material and archival sources to investigate the long-overlooked portraits of English provincial gentry families commissioned between c.1550 and c.1680. Specifically, its focus is on portraits of family groups where more than one generation, connected through blood or kinship, is depicted in the same composition. The thesis identifies these as a coherent genre for the first time and examines the ways in which the gentry used such paintings to establish familial legacy and heritage for future generations. This thesis explains how these portraits respond to, and reflect, family memory and narratives, social networks, local histories, religious observance and artistic developments. They are important because the family, as the basic unit of society, was essential for the formation and transmission of belief and identity, and the place where children were socialised. The portraits simultaneously reflect broad social trends while also containing personal messages about the lives and relationships of individual families which were specific to their own particular place and time. The thesis argues for the significance of visual artworks and especially this genre of painting, in the construction of gentry status and self-fashioning over this key period of social change.
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Hoefs, Phillip. "Andalusi Muslims: A Bourdieuian Analysis of Ethnic Group Identity, (881-1110 C.E.)." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/244247.
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ReligionPh.D.
This work examines ethnic group identities among the Muslim population in the Iberian Peninsula, or al-Andalus, between 881 and 1110 C.E. It specifically addresses three moments in Andalusi history in which ethnic conflict erupted into the political sphere: 1) The revolt of Ibn Hafsun in the late Ninth/early Tenth Century C.E. 2) The collapse of the Umayyad Caliphate in the late Tenth/early Eleventh Century C.E. 3) The arrival of the North African Almoravid dynasty in the late Eleventh/early Twelfth Century C.E. Through an investigation of each period it argues that ethnic categorization in al-Andalus has been under-theorized. The work addresses the complications of religious conversion and the resultant ramifications on religious identity, which, over time, significantly influenced deployable ethnic identities among the Muslim population. It utilizes the theoretical tools of the French social theorist Pierre Bourdieu in order to re-conceptualize the understanding of Andalusi Muslim ethnic group identities. It considers how the role of women and systems of clientage have been underappreciated in the understanding of these identities and through attention to these dynamics argues that Andalusi Muslims created an Andalusi Arab Muslim identity that increasingly unified and strengthened this social group as the political structure around it disintegrated.
Temple University--Theses
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Popa, Cătălin Nicolae. "Uncovering group identity in the Late Iron Age of South-East Europe." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648861.
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Setumu, Tlou. "Communal identity creation among the Makgabeng rural people in Limpopo Province." University of Limpopo, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/586.
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Thesis (Ph.D. (History)) --University of Limpopo, 2009Key to this study is the history of Makgabeng, mainly focusing on creation of rural communal identities in that area. Defining identity will be an important aspect for this study in which a deduction will be made on how the Makgabeng communities viewed themselves and were also viewed by those outside their area. The various aspects which shaped and led them to view themselves and be viewed that way over time will all be explained. The history of Makgabeng was never included in the mainstream just like the history of most of the previously marginalised communities in South Africa. The early history of such communities was documented by Europeans, while those communities did not participate in the production of their own histories and the history of South Africa in general. The history of indigenous communities has been told from the other people’s perspectives resulting in huge gaps as well as distorted, prejudiced and subjective accounts of the past. The past of these indigenous communities was mostly preserved in oral traditions and oral history. Therefore, one of the principal aims of this study is to work towards filling the gaps as well as attempting to rectify distortions and myths prevailing in the current texts which were made by authors alien to the indigenous people.
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Rolingher, Louise. "Originary syncretism and the construction of Swahili identity, 1890-1964 an experiment in history and theory /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/57294356.html.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Alberta, 2002."A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History, Dept. of History and Classics." eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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Meurer, Hans Joachim. "The split screen : cinema and national identity in a divided Germany (1979-89)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/26674.
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The generic term national cinema implies that, viewed in their totality, the films of a country promote notions of collective and cultural identity. Most studies of post-war German cinema, however, focus exclusively on the former Federal Republic of Germany and concentrate on issues of authorship and the influence of literature on film rather than examining East and West German films in relation to the antagonistically opposed social systems in which they were produced. Thus, under the title The split screen: Cinema and national identity in a divided Germany (1979-89), a comparative analysis is undertaken of the political, economic and ideological determinants shaping East and West German feature films during the so-called established phase of the two states between 1979 and 1989. The overall framework of the study is a discussion of German film culture within the climate of post-war ideological conflict, covering three main objectives. The first part of the thesis provides a theoretical framework for comparing the two German film cultures on an abstract ideological level. The second part of the project analyses the extent to which, during the eighties, the political systems of the FRG and GDR shaped production, distribution and exhibition in order to establish a particular type of film culture. The breadth of reference thus provided is combined with greater analytic depth in the third part of the project, where the goal is to investigate in greater detail how political, economic and cultural debates surrounding the question of an East and West German identity were translated into filmic discourse. Based on such a relational perspective, the thesis comes to three major conclusions. First of all, there was a greater interaction or confrontation between the two German film cultures with regard to their dissemination of a distinct national identity than it has commonly been assumed. Secondly, there were recurring cycles of liberalism and orthodoxy in the film policies of the two states - which can be linked to varying degrees of internal stability and external confrontation. And thirdly, the 'officially approved' and promoted films constituted an artificially created high culture mainly produced for an international market and hardly ever finding wide-spread public support among the German audience. Thus, an all-German film culture between 1979 and 1989 can be perceived, metaphorically, as a 'split screen': an imaginary space which projects, through its polarised division, the search of the divided German nation for a specific national-historical identity during a period which later proved to be the concluding phase of the Cold War.
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Hawkins, Kristel Marie. "Suffering and Early Quaker Identity: Ellis Hookes and the “Great Book of Sufferings”." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1217960188.
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Larson, Sidner John. "Issues of identity in the writing of N. Scott Momaday, James Welch, Leslie Silko and Louise Erdrich." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186638.
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A Native American Aesthetic: The Attitude of Relationship discusses issues of identity that arise from my own experience and in the writing of N. Scott Momaday, James Welch, Leslie Silko, and Louise Erdrich.
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Cole, Franca Louise. "Communities of the dead : practice as an indicator of group identity in the Neolithic and Metal Age burial caves of Niah, north Borneo." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610528.
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Steenkamp, Elzette Lorna. "Identity, belonging and ecological crisis in South African speculative fiction." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002262.
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This study examines a range of South African speculative novels which situate their narratives in futuristic or ‘alternative’ milieus, exploring how these narratives not only address identity formation in a deeply divided and rapidly changing society, but also the ways in which human beings place themselves in relation to Nature and form notions of ‘ecological’ belonging. It offers close readings of these speculative narratives in order to investigate the ways in which they evince concerns which are rooted in the natural, social and political landscapes which inform them. Specific attention is paid to the texts’ treatment of the intertwined issues of identity, belonging and ecological crisis. This dissertation draws on the fields of Ecocriticism, Postcolonial Studies and Science Fiction Studies, and assumes a culturally specific approach to primary texts while investigating possible cross-cultural commonalities between Afrikaans and English speculative narratives, as well as the cross-fertilisation of global SF/speculative features. It is suggested that South African speculative fiction presents a socio-historically situated, rhizomatic approach to ecology – one that is attuned to the tension between humanistic- and ecological concerns.
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LeBlanc, Sylvie. ""Le monde qu'on connaǐt" : the music of 1755 and the construction of Acadian identity." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98548.
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This thesis explores the role of popular music in articulating socio-cultural identities by examining the contribution of the Acadian group, 1755. As the rapid modernization of Acadians' way of life led to a sense of cultural alienation, cultural products played a prominent role in asserting their cultural specificity. Accordingly, the 1970s were not only rich in artistic production, but also saw the development of a distinctive Acadian popular music practice. Responding to fears of acculturation and folklorization, Acadian popular music embodied Acadians' desire to embrace a modern identity all the while maintaining ties with their traditional identity. 1755's music actively took part in reinventing Acadian identity by constructing a cultural narrative that reflected Acadians' contemporary reality and by renegotiating what was commonly held as "Acadian" music. As a result, it became invested with ideological significance by Acadian consumers, regarded not merely as commercial music but rather as a symbol of their cultural emancipation.
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Thörn, Andreas K. G. "En framgångsrik främling : Filadelfiaförsamlingen i Stockholm - självbild i historieskrivning och verksamhet 1910-1980." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-39348.
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The aim of the thesis is to examine how a group’s self-image is created, sustained and if necessary changed during the revolutionary 20th century. The study takes its point of eparture in the idea that a self-image is essential for an organisation’s cohesion and collective identity. The study object is the Pentecostal Philadelphia church in, Sweden, established in 1910. In concrete terms, the thesis examines the self-image of the church as it is expressed in its narratives and activities from 1910 to 1980. The lf-image is analysed with the aid of the concepts ‘boundaries’ and ‘symbols’ and in relation to social and organisational change processes. In the main the empirical material onsists of official documents such as jubilee publications, annual reports and the weekly newspaper Evangelii Härold. The main contribution of the thesis is an analysis of the church’s historical narrative. In this narrative the overall theme appears to be the small and faithful group that due to God’s influence and despite opposition became a major nd significant church -- a success story. The theme also remains the same when the circumstances change. Narrative theory emphasises that the narrative has to be changeable order to be serviceable. However, my study shows that the narration, at least at the level highlighted in the thesis, is inert. The self-image seems to be difficult to change but is not necessarily static. The narrative is shown to include strategies for dealing with internal change processes and changes in society.
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Scribner, Robbyn Thompson. "Epideictic Rhetoric and the Formation of Collective Identity: Nineteenth-Century Mormon Women in Praise of Polygamy." Diss., BYU ScholarsArchive, 1998. http://patriot.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTNZ,22802.
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Montgomery, Alison Skye. "Imagined families : Anglo-American kinship and the formation of Southern identity, 1830-1890." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:bbfb161e-513d-4c2c-9325-4e60d17b4fba.
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Anglo-American kinship, as a set of historical continuities linking the United States to Great Britain and as a reckoning of relatedness, constituted a valuable cultural resource for Southerners as they contemplated their place within the American nation and outside in the nineteenth century. Like the more conventional calculations of consanguinity and familial belonging it referenced, the Anglo-American kinship was contingent, convoluted, and, not infrequently, contested. Articulated at various times by masters and former slaves, ministers and merchants, plantation mistresses and politicians, this sense of belonging to an imagined transatlantic family transcended the boundaries of gender, race, and class as readily as it traversed national borders. Though grounded in biogenetic factors, the language of Anglo-American kinship encompassed claims of belonging predicated on confessional faith, language, and institutions as well as blood. This thesis considers the interaction between conceptions of Anglo-American kinship and the formation of Southern national identity, both unionist and separatist, between 1830 and 1890 by examining institutions and social rituals that both inculcated filiopietism and constructed Southerness in the Civil War era and beyond. The subjects under consideration in this study include the role of European travel in forging Southern distinctiveness before the war, ring tournaments and the ethos of medieval chivalry they promoted, the Protestant Episcopal Church and its role in managing the sectional crisis, postbellum immigration societies and their vision of the plantation South remade in the image of British manors, and the role that state historical associations played in reunion and the entrenchment of the Lost Cause mythology as the predominant historical framework for interpreting the American Civil War.
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Tucker, Joseph Brian. "'You belong to Christ' : Paul and the formation of social identity in 1 Corinthians 1-4." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683374.
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Kearney, Meghan Andrea. "Every Town Is All the Same When You've Left Your Heart in the Portland Rain: Representations of Portland Place and Local Identity in Portland Popular Lyrics." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1489.
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This study looks at how place and local identity of Portland are described within music lyrics from Portland, Oregon popular indie-rock artists. Employing a constant comparative analysis on a set of 1,201 songs from 21 different popular Portland indie-rock artists, the themes of landscapes and climate were found to represent place, and themes of lifestyles and attitudes represented local identity. Reviewing the uncovered themes showed a strong connection between representations of place and local identity within lyrics and common stereotypes or understandings of the city of Portland and its indie-rock music scene. The results of this study illustrate how place and local identity are communicated through popular but locally-tied music lyrics and how these lyrics may describe cities.
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Licata, Laurent. "Identités représentées et représentations identitaires: effets des contextes comparatif et sociopolitique sur la signification psychologique des appartenances géopolitiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211740.
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Etude des relations entre représentations sociales et identités sociales dans le domaine des appartenances géopolitiques (régions, nations, Europe). L'introduction explore les liens conceptuels entre la théorie des Représentations Sociales (Moscovici, 1961) et les théories de l'Identité Sociale (Tajfel & Turner, 1986) et de l'Auto-catégorisation (Turner et al. 1987). Ces liens sont ensuite étudiés au travers de trois séries d'études empiriques. La première porte sur les effets du contexte de comparaison intergroupes sur les auto-stéréotypes des Belges francophones et néerlandophones. La seconde est consacrée à l'étude des relations entre identités nationale et européenne et les représentations sociales du processus d'intégration européenne. Enfin, la troisième étude empirique concerne les relations entre représentations sociales et processus identitaires en période de crise à travers une étude des explications profanes de l'affaire Dutroux (kidnapping et meurtre d'enfants)./Doctoral thesis on the relation between social representations and social identities in the framework of geopolitical memberships (regions, nations, Europe). The introduction explores the conceptual links between Social Representations Theory (Moscovici, 1961), and Social Identity (Tajfel & Turner, 1986) and Self-categorisation (Turner et al. 1987) theories. These links are then studied from different perspectives through three series of empirical studies. The first series addresses the effects of the context of inter-group comparison on self-stereotypes held by French-speaking and Dutch-speaking Belgians. The second is devoted to the study of the relations between national and European identities and social representations of the European integration process. Finally, a third empirical study examines the relations between social representations and identity processes in a period of crisis through a study of naïve explanations of the Dutroux affair (kidnapping and murder of children).Doctorat en sciences psychologiques
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Vidal, Anne. "Representing Australian identity in the years 2000-2001 : the Sydney Olympic Games and the Centenary of Federation (selling Australia to the world or commemorating a flawless past?)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2004. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27914.
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In his book, Inventing Australia: Images and Identity 1688-1980,
Richard White argues that:
There is no 'real' Australia waiting to be uncovered. A national
identity is an invention [. ..]. When we look at ideas about national
identity, we need to ask, not whether they are true or false, but
what their function is, whose creation they are, and what interests
they serve.
White's argument is a useful starting point when considering the
“obsession” Australian intellectuals have always felt to uncover their
national identity, which goes back to the very birth of Australia as a settler-colony.
Australia’s beginning as a colony not only implied a complete
dependence in terms of economy, defence and culture towards Great
Britain but also the dispossession of the indigenous population under the
legal doctrine of Terra Nullius. All settler-colonies in search for a national
identity follow the same initiatory path. The settlers at first feel isolated and
in exile, far away from any familiar landmark and find it difficult to
measure up with the mother country. After having, not without difficulty,
defined itself through the invention and the appropriation of myths
originating from the dominant Anglo Celtic society, Australia now seems to
suffer from a national identity crisis. The last three decades saw the
challenging and eroding of the mainstream white Australia identity by
minority groups such as women, non Anglo-Celtic migrants and indigenous
Australians. While those groups have made their voices heard throughout
the last thirty years, we can easily identify a dominant decade for each
group. Women saw most of their claims settled in the 1970s,
multiculturalism became a reality in the 1980s while indigenous
Australians stamped on the 1990s with native title laws, the reconciliation
movement and the growing acceptance and adoption of Aboriginality as a
desirable component of the Australian national identity.
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Wilhite, David E. "Tertullian, the African theologian : a social anthropological reading of Tertullian's identities." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11124.
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The following thesis explores the social identities of TertuIIian, a Christian from Carthage who lived from approximately 160 to 220. After exploring the implications of calling TertuIIian an "African Theologian," the introduction interacts with the work done on TertuIIian in the past, concluding that although he was once read Euro-centrically and assumed to be a Roman, explicitly, and a European, implicitly, scholars in recent decades have deconstructed the biographical information of TertuIIian, leaving his African origin as one of the only undisputed aspects of his life. However, while scholars have located TertuIIian within the broader movements of the Roman Empire, few have explored the North African milieu in relation to Tertullian's writings. In order to contribute to this area of scholarship, theories from the discipline of Social Anthropology are accommodated and applied to selections of Tertullian's writings, thereby exploring Tertullian's construction of his own identities. The social theories applied, namely, social identity, kinship identity, class identity, ethnic identity and religious identity, are used heuristically to read the sources from Roman Africa in order to inquire as to the various identities constructed by individuals and groups. Within the social context of Roman Africa, this study establishes the categories of Roman colonizers, indigenous Africans and new elites. The third category, new elites, is actually meant to destabilize the other two, denying any "essential" Roman or African identity. Once the context has been framed, the thesis investigates samples from Tertullian's writings to compare his construction of his own identities and the identities of his rhetorical opponents. In order to interpret Tertullian's social identities, one chapter compares the identities Tertullian constructs in his works Apologeticum and Ad nationes. The similarity of these two tracts allows for an inquiry into TertuIIian's "Other" and the "Other" Tertullian constructs for his audiences. The subsequent chapter applies kinship theory in order to compare Tertullian's ideals with those of Roman kinship and early Christian kinship. Therein, the usual discussion of Tertullian's view of marriage is readdressed by comparing the kinship identities and ideals forwarded in his works Ad uxorem 1 and 2. Closely connected to Tertullian's kinship identity is that of his class identity, and, while his exact status and class may be elusive in historical terms, one can explore his socio-economic ingroup and outgroup as he portrays them in De cultu feminarum 1 and 2. Tertullian's ethnic identity is discussed in a chapter that interprets his works De uirginibus uelandis and De pallio, in which it is suggested that Tertullian establishes boundaries between his own ethnic group and that of Roman colonizers. The last form of identity discussed, religious identity, involves a reinterpretation of TertuIIian's use of the New Prophecy. Therein, Tertullian's religious "Other" is understood to be constructed with not only "psychic" rhetoric, but also with Roman imagery. The overall study finds Tertullian's identities to be manifold, complex and discursive. Additionally, his writings are understood to reflect antagonism towards Romans, including Christian Romans, and Romanized Africans. While TertuIIian accommodates much from (Graeco-)Roman literature, laws and customs, he nevertheless retains a strongly stated non-Roman-ness and an African-ity which have been almost entirely neglected in past studies, and it is this aspect, therefore, which is highlighted in the present thesis.
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Norlin, Björn. "Bildning i skuggan av läroverket : Bildningsaktivitet och kollektivt identitetsskapande i svenska gymnasistföreningar 1850-1914." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-37475.
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The present dissertation investigates pupil fraternities in the Swedish state grammar school system from 1850 to 1914, in an effort to contribute to the understanding of peer group socialisation as part of the overall pedagogical process. Focus is trained on the practice of liberal education (Sw. bildning ) and the construction of collective identity. Modern pupil associations emerged in the mid-nineteenth century from the ruins of outdated educational traditions. Due to sharpened discipline, institutional changes and external societal pressure, previously existing corporative modes of organisation successively disappeared. To fill the void, pupils began founding fraternities, thereby introducing a new organisational form and a new set of activities based on an ideological foundation more in sync with the ideals of the emerging industrial society. Infused with the liberal, neo-Romantic ideals of the day, the introduction of fraternal life laid out new tools for selfadministered socialisation. After analysing the growth of pupil associations in the mid- nineteenth century, the thesis concentrates on fraternal practice at one particular institution, Umeå State Grammar School. This case study shows that fraternal activity revolved around creating lending libraries and reading circles, assemblies, school magazines and aesthetic pursuits including musicmaking, singing, acting and dancing. The thesis suggests that the fraternity had a structuring impact on the student body as a whole, serving to homogenise the school experience and provide a viable alternative to the allurements of town life. Subjects favoured by the fraternity included philosophy and ethics, literature and history and, to a lesser extent, current events. A slight shift in interest toward the natural sciences can be detected at the end of the period under investigation. Furthermore, it is revealed that peer socialisation encouraged identification with the school. It transmitted a set of values stressing idealism and anti-materialism, patriotism and regionalism, intellectualism (as opposed to athleticism), religious and/or secular piety, historism, cultural and political traditionalism, an acknowledgement of the powers – and limitations – of youth and an idealisation of friendship and camraderie. Insofar as social mores and relationships between the sexes was concerned, peer socialisation also provided pupils with practical instruction on proper conduct, and laid the foundation for an ambiguous understanding of the opposite sex. It promoted an ideal of masculinity closely associated with what may be characterised as the civil servant ideal. The thesis finally reveals that strong links were forged between fraternities on a regional, nationwide and Nordic level, bearing strong resemblance to contemporary social youth movements regarding attitudes toward society, culture and knowledge. Upper secondary school fraternities considered themselves guardians of the nation and its culture and became a conformist force in late nineteenth-century Sweden. On the other hand, pupils also constituted an active force in the modernisation of Swedish institutional practice, in the vitalisation of the state grammar schools, and as forerunners in the conceptualisation of a new cult of youth.
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Odo, David. "The edge of the field of vision : defining Japaneseness and the image archive of the Ogasawara Islands." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f76fb540-7b9a-4e96-989c-2492576d7d6f.
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This thesis examines the image archive of photographs of the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands of Japan within the framework of historically informed visual anthropology. It is argued that investigating the photography of Ogasawara, which has an ethnically diverse population of descendants of the pre-Japanese, nineteenth-century settlement, exposes the processes that have configured modern 'Japaneseness'. Towards this end, the major areas explored are early Japanese photographic practice, visual aspects of Japanese colonialism, Japanese domestic tourism and the use of photography in the creation and maintenance of ideas about Japanese culture. Extremely rare imperial, government and commercial images, including albumen prints, cartes de visite and postcards, from museums, archives and private collections are examined in this study. The trajectories of these images through the 'visual economy' are traced as they are produced, circulated and gather meanings in a variety of contexts, from early colonial encounters to contemporary tourist engagements. These processes are exposed through an investigation of early Japanese photographic practice, colonial expeditions to Ogasawara, the shifting location of Islanders as 'slippery' internal others within configurations of Japaneseness, Japanese domestic tourism and the tourist discourse in contemporary Ogasawara. This has enabled the development of an alternative history of early Japanese photographic practice and a new understanding of Japanese domestic tourism. These new ways of conceptualising photography and tourism in Japan, together with insights gained from ethnographic investigations of the Ogasawaran image archive, demonstrate that photography played a major role in the construction of modern Japaneseness, rather than merely being a by-product of modernisation. Through an examination of images from the archive of photographs of the Ogasawara Islands, one gains an understanding of modern Japan as a society more diverse than the mostly homogeneous nation it is generally represented as, and more fluid in its definitions of Japaneseness than previously thought.
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Noonan, Christine F. "Federal City revisited : atomic energy and community identity in Richland, Washington." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1180787.
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This study examines the relationship between atomic energy production and community identity in Richland, Washington. Over the past fifty years, the identity of southeastern Washington has been intimately tied to production and industry at the Hanford Site. Today, however, environmental restoration and waste management programs have replaced plutonium production. The decline of the nuclear industry has influenced reinterpretations of local history and community identity through public display, commodity goods, and the re-scripting of historical texts.Department of Anthropology
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Brain, Tyler James. "Examining the Portland Music Scene through Neo-localism." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/314.
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This study explores the Portland music scene as a context in which local identity is constructed and communicated in a globalized world. Specifically, neo-localism is utilized as a theoretical lens through which the impacts of globalization were explored. Portland bands (n=8) were interviewed concerning their experiences in the local music scene. The results showed that participants conceptualized local identity as being 1) based in community, 2) culturally saturated and 3) connected to musical production. Further, results showed that participants were increasingly aware of this local identity, were aware of a global perception of this local identity and were aware of other local identities. Overall the results from this study support neo-localism as a useful conceptual lens for understanding local identity for Portland bands.
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Croucher, K. "Tactile engagements: the world of the dead in the lives of the living... or 'sharing the dead'." Ex Oriente, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5802.
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Mizutani, Satoshi. "The British in India and their domiciled brethren : race and class in the colonial context, 1858-1930." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fa01ca84-a9e5-432d-bb51-4091416be26c.
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This DPhil dissertation aims to delineate an ambivalent construction of 'Britishness' in late British India by paying special attention to certain discourses and practices that regulated the lives of both colonial elites and of their impoverished and/or racially mixed kin. Peculiar racial self-anxieties of the colonial ruling classes, - namely those over hygienic / sexual degradation and cultural hybridisation, the increased presence of indigent and/or racially mixed white populations, and the undesired consequences of the last - are examined thorough a close and analytically coherent analysis of colonial representations and practices. An important feature of this research is to bring the internal-cum-class distinctions of metropolitan society to the fore in order to circumscribe a peculiarly class-specific constitution of British racial identity in the colonial context. Broadly speaking, in two related senses can the (re)production of white racial prestige in the British Raj be regarded as a class-conditioned phenomenon. First of all, colonial Britishness can be said to have been characterised by class because not all persons or groups of British descent living in the colony were recognised as 'European enough': only those from the upper or middle classes were considered as so 'European' as to be capable of ruling the 'subject races' of India. The remaining people of British racial origins, including the so-called 'poor whites', the 'domiciled Europeans' (those whites permanently settled in India), and the mixed-decent 'Eurasians', were not regarded as 'British enough' (although they were not seen as 'Indian', either). Especially, 'domiciled Europeans' and 'Eurasians', often collectively referred to as 'the domiciled class', were not treated as 'British' but only as 'Native' in socio-legal terms: the 'domiciled' differed from 'Indians' in terms of racial and cultural identification, but were supposed to be no higher than the latter by constitutional status and socio-economic standard. Secondly it was because of its recourse to 'bourgeois philanthropy' that the construction of Britishness in late British India may be said to have been bound by aspects of Victorian or Edwardian class culture. Although the British excluded their domiciled brethren from the sphere of their social and economic privileges, the former also 'included' the latter within limited frames of philanthropic and educational care. For, their exclusion from the elite white community notwithstanding, the domiciled were still regarded as one part of the European (as opposed to Indian) body politic. Thus the colonial authorities feared that an unregulated destitution of 'poor whites', domiciled Europeans, and Eurasians might present itself as a political menace to the prestige of the British race as a whole: in a sense, the authority of Britishness also depended on how 'European pauperism' could be solved before it had disorderly effects on the colonial hierarchies of race and class. It was in this context that the philanthropic management of pauperism emerged as a negative but no less unimportant measure for reproducing British prestige in the colonial context. And central to this was a specific, colonial application of a politics of class that the bourgeoisie played against the indigent and various 'unfit' populations in the metropole.
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Zamora, Maria C. "Nation, race & history in Asian American literature re-membering the body." New York, NY Washington, DC Baltimore, Md. Bern Frankfurt, M. Berlin Brussels Vienna Oxford Lang, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990413780/04.
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Schneider, William Steven. "Music and Race in the American West." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3674.
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This thesis explores the complexities of race relations in the nineteenth century American West. The groups considered here are African Americans, Anglo Americans, Chinese, Mexican Americans, and Native Americans. In recent decades historians of the West have begun to tell the narratives of racial minorities. This study adopts the aims of these scholars through a new lens--music. Ultimately, this thesis argues that historians can use music, both individual songs and broader conceptions about music, to understand the complex and contradictory race relations of the nineteenth century west.
Proceeding thematically, the first chapter explores the ways Anglo Americans used music to exert their dominance and defend their superiority over minorities. The second chapter examines the ways racial minorities used music to counter Anglo American dominance and exercise their own agency. The final chapter considers the ways in which music fostered peaceful and cooperative relationships between races. Following each chapter is a short interlude which discusses the musical innovations that occurred when the groups encountered the musical heritage of one another.
This study demonstrates that music is an underutilized resource for historical analysis. It helps make comprehensible the complicated relations between races. By demonstrating the relevance of music to the history of race relations, this thesis also suggests that music as a historical subject is ripe for further analysis.
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Andrade, Maria Antonia Ferreira. "Cultura oral em Macapá: uma região pouco conhecida." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21271.
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This research had the purpose of studying Oral Culture in Macapa. The inquiring questions that guide the direction of the research are: As is it possible to perceive the influence of myths, tales, legends and stories in people’s live from Macapa, Amapa? As the educational dimension of the story helps the people to reorganize their personal, emotional and religious experiences in the city of Macapa? What the voices emerge from the discourses that mark the narratives of the myths, tales, stories and legends of Macapa’s oral culture? The proposed objectives of this research were: Reflect about the influence of myths, tales, legends and stories that emanate in people’s life on Macapa, in state of Amapa; reflect about the educative dimension of the myths, tales, legends and stories in the life of Macapaenses citizens; understand about the voices that emerge from the discourse that mark the narratives of myths, tales, stories and legends of Macapa’s oral culture.The hypotheses raised were: The Macapaense region is predominantly marked by oral culture, which is equivalent to saying that part of the formations that the parents, grandfathers, older dedicated to the young are marked by the orality. So the stories bring in their message all the content of representations, languages and means they need to communicate and reach their goal as message; the stories from Macapa are never empty of intentions. The research subjects were chosen in view of the mapping of Macapaenses storytellers, where the interview ended the researcher ask if the interviewee knew another storyteller in the region and indicate it. So the research pointed the possible and feasible ways to ensure a qualitative reading regarding the life of storytellers in Macapa, Amapa. In synthesis the results obtained from the analysis indicate that the man is an incomplete and finite complex to which he is always in search of something that fills him which for other reasons is lacking. Since the time when he becomes aware of his incompleteness, his greatest goal is look for change, transformation, meaning, color and reason for his life
A presente pesquisa teve como propósito estudar a Cultura Oral em Macapá. As questões indagadoras que norteiam os rumos da pesquisa são: até que ponto é possível perceber a influência dos mitos, contos, lendas e histórias na vida das pessoas de Macapá, Amapá? Até que ponto a dimensão educativa do conto ajuda as pessoas a se reorganizarem suas experiências pessoais, emocionais e religiosas na cidade de Macapá? Que vozes emergem dos discursos que marcam as narrativas dos mitos, contos, histórias e lendas da cultura oral de Macapá? Os objetivos propostos para esta pesquisa foram: Refletir sobre a influência dada mitos, os contos, as lendas e histórias as quais emanam na vida das pessoas em Macapá, no estado do Amapá; refletir sobre a dimensão educativa dos mitos, contos, lendas e histórias na vida dos cidadãos macapaenses; compreender as vozes que emergem dos discursos que marcam as narrativas dos mitos, contos, histórias e lendas da cultura oral de Macapá. As hipóteses levantadas foram: a região macapaense é marcada predominantemente pela cultura oral, o que equivale dizer que parte das formações em que os pais, avós, os mais velhos dedicam aos jovens é uma formação marcada pela oralidade. E por isso as histórias trazem em seu âmago todo o teor de representações, linguagens e significados que precisam comunicar, atingir o seu objetivo como mensagem; as histórias produzidas em Macapá nunca se apresentam vazias de intenções. A escolha dos sujeitos da pesquisa foi feita tendo em vista o mapeamento dos contadores macapaenses, onde terminada a entrevista, o pesquisador perguntava se o entrevistado conhecia e podia indicar uma outra pessoa que também contava histórias na região. Dessa forma, a pesquisa apontou caminhos possíveis e viáveis para assegurar uma leitura qualitativa no que se refere à vida dos contadores de histórias em Macapá, Amapá. Em síntese, os resultados obtidos das análises indicam que o homem é um complexo incompleto e finito, ao qual está sempre em busca de algo que o preencha, o que, por outras razões, lhe falta. Desde o tempo em que toma consciência de sua incompletude, sua maior meta é buscar mudança, transformação, o sentido, o colorido, a razão para a sua vida
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Wästberg, Anette, and Anna Å. Perlestam. "Forskningscirkeln och dess påverkan på historieundervisning i en mångkulturell miljö." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-33130.
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Under två terminer har vi medverkat i en forskningscirkel på en grundskola som behandlat historieundervisning i en mångkulturell miljö. Forskningscirkeln startades i samband med att den aktuella skolan fick ett stort tillskott av elever med invandrarbakgrund. Det ena syftet med detta examensarbete är att synliggöra lärarnas syn på rollfördelningen inom den aktuella forskningscirkeln. Den rollfördelning vi syftar på är framförallt den mellan forskarna och lärarna, inte lärarna emellan. Det andra syftet är att se hur lärarna upplever att de påverkats av att medverka i forskningscirkeln, och då med fokus på historieundervisning i en mångkulturell miljö. Forskningscirklar inom skolans värld är ett ganska nytt fenomen. I forskningscirkeln möts teoretiker och praktiker kring ett gemensamt problem, utformat av praktikerna. Om forskningscirkeln i skolan ska kunna bli ett möte på lika villkor bör forskarna håller en medvetet låg profil. Risken finns annars att traditionella mönster upprepas; forskarna agerar ledare och lärarna blir de passiva deltagarna som utför uppgifter de tilldelats. Även om forskarnas låga profil kan innebära att arbetsprocessen i cirkeln tar längre tid så uppnås troligtvis resultat som är mer relevanta både för forskare och för lärare. Lärarna i den aktuella forskningscirkeln upplever att forskarna i cirkeln har hållit en låg profil. Deras uppfattning är att alla deltagit på lika villkor, oavsett yrke och tidigare erfarenheter. Dagens forskning inom det historiedidaktiska området fokuserar framförallt på hur man i skolan kan förändra sin historieundervisning utifrån de elever läraren har framför sig, och vems historia det egentligen är som ska förmedlas. Undersökningen visar att lärarna anser att på grund av sin medverkan i forskningscirkeln har det vuxit fram idéer och tankar kring hur de ska kunna förändra sin undervisning. Även om det inte är helt oproblematiskt, så försöker lärarna att hitta nya vägar, så att historieundervisningen ska angå alla i klassrummet. Centrala begrepp för forskningscirkeln och för detta examensarbete har varit, identitet, historiemedvetenhet, kultur och kulturarv. Begreppen har diskuterats utifrån ett didaktiskt perspektiv.During these two last terms we took part in a research group on history teaching in a multi-cultural environment at a compulsory school. The research group started when the school in question had recently taken on a large number of pupils of a foreign background. This thesis has two purposes, the first of which is to show the teachers’ view on the division of rolls within the aforementioned research group. The division referred to is principally that between the researchers and the teachers, not that between the teachers. The other purpose is to see how the teachers perceived the influence of participating in the research group, the focus being on history teaching in a multi-cultural environment. Research groups in the school world are quite new phenomena. In the research group theoreticians and practitioners meet about a mutual problem, defined by the practitioners. In order for the research group to meet on an equal footing, the researchers have to maintain a consciously low profile. Otherwise they run the risk of repeating a worn pattern where the researchers act as leaders and the teachers become the participants performing their allocated tasks. Even though the researchers’ low profile may mean the work process taking a longer time, chances are that results more relevant to the teachers and researchers are achieved. The teachers in this particular research group feel the researchers in the group did keep a low profile. Their impression is that everyone who participated took part on equal conditions, regardless of their profession and earlier experiences. Research today within the area of history didactics mainly focuses on how schools might change their history teaching based on the pupils sitting in front of the teacher, and on whose history one is actually trying to convey. This research shows that the teachers feel their participation in the research group did provoke ideas and thoughts on how to change the lessons. While it is not completely unproblematic, the teachers are trying to find new ways of making the history lessons relate to everyone in the classroom. Central conceptions for the research group and for this thesis have been identity, history awareness, culture and culture heritance. These conceptions have been discussed from a didactic perspective.
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Bellatti, Ilaria. "La comprensión de la historia y la construcción de las identidades sociales y culturales en futuros maestros." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/482199.
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La presente tesis doctoral pretende explorar cómo los futuros maestros de la Educación Infantil y Primaria, comprenden la historia, observando la manera en que dotan de significado los eventos históricos estudiados a lo largo de su escolarización.
Para ello utilizamos como conductor teórico el concepto de significación histórica, el cual remite a los aspectos más interpretativos de la construcción del conocimiento histórico.
En el ámbito educativo la significación histórica es un concepto de según orden, el cual permite establecer niveles de progresión en la adquisición del pensamiento histórico, por su calidad de enfoque necesario para la adquisición de habilidades cognitivas y destrezas intelectuales en la formación de jóvenes.
Comprender la historia significa no solo conocer o experimentar los procedimientos del trabajo del historiador, simulando el método hipotético deductivo, sino que implica, además, el análisis y reflexión sobre la naturaleza del conocimiento histórico: qué es la historia, de qué manera se atribuye historicidad a un hecho del pasado y cómo se relaciona este con cada individuo. En esta tesis doctoral nos hemos centrado en explorar tres categorías emergentes que permiten indagar el concepto de significación histórica: los criterios de relevancia o importancia histórica, los motivos o tipologías de esta importancia o relevancia, y la comprensión de que cada relato histórico esconde un punto de vista.
De esta forma ha sido posible comprender la capacidad argumentativa de los futuros maestros observando las características intrínsecas y contextuales de su manera de dotar de significado el pasado, y su concienciación de las múltiples interpretaciones del relato histórico.
Además de explorar las opiniones de los propios futuros docentes sobre qué es importante estudiar en historia, porqué los es y para quiénes, también hemos analizado los currículos de historia de la Educación Secundaria obligatoria y postobligatoria y los correspondientes contenidos de los libros de texto abordados durante su propia estancia en la educación normada.
Los contenidos discursivos de ambos referentes (futuros maestros y material escolar) son codificados para permitir una triangulación explicativa de los hallazgos parciales obtenidos por cada uno de los tres ámbitos estudiados (currículos, libros de texto, futuros maestros).
Las principales conclusiones del estudio se relacionan, por un lado, con la importancia de la identificación de los futuros maestros con los acontecimientos históricos para una comprensión significativa de la historia; y, por otro, con la necesidad de un tratamiento históricamente riguroso de la identidad social y cultural. Los resultados de la triangulación apuntan a la necesidad de buscar instancias de reflexión sobre estos tópicos en la formación docente, debido a que el análisis nos indica que el desarrollo de conocimientos teóricos y procedimentales sobre el valor historiográfico de los contenidos escolar debe ser abordado tanto desde una perspectiva cognitiva del aprendizaje, como también desde sus aspectos más sociales y, sobre todo, culturales.
Lo anterior nos plantea el desafío de una Didáctica de la historia que establezca estrategias para crear la oportuna conexión de la individualidad de cada estudiante con su ser social. Sugerimos que la búsqueda de estrategias didácticas que permitan el análisis crítico de la pluralidad de las diversas narrativas (desde las micro sociales hasta las hegemónicas, y en ese orden) para la adquisición de perspectiva histórica, podría constituirse como el punto de inflexión que permitiría el cambio de paradigma de la enseñanza de la historia por el de la Educación Histórica.This doctoral thesis aims to explore the understanding of history from the perspective of the way in which future preschool and elementary teachers ascribe meaning to the historical events children will learn about during their schooling. For this purpose the concept of historical significance is used as part of the methodological and creative process of the historian's work, and which refers to questions of interpretation in the construction of historical knowledge. In the field of education, historical significance is a concept of second order, which permits establishing levels of progression in the acquisition of the historical thought, which is the challenge and educational paradigm in the acquisition of historical skills. Understanding history means not only understanding or experiencing the procedures of the historian's work, simulating the hypotheticaldeductive method, but also to analyse and reflect on the nature of historical knowledge: what is history, why historicity is ascribed to an event, and what it has to do with my own experience. In order to do this, we have explored three categories that allow us to investigate the concept of relevance, reason of relevance and point of view. In this way it has been possible to understand the argumentative s capacity of future teachers by observing the intrinsic and contextual characteristics of their way of giving significance to the past; and their awareness of the multiple interpretations of the historical story. We also analysed the History’s curriculums and the contents of textbooks, coordinating our explanations around three agents that give significance to history. We conclude with the importance of working at an educational level with cultural identity in view of a meaningful study of history, and the other way around, with the importance of ascribing historical meaning to one's own identity. For this purpose it would be necessary to provide the initial, as well as the on going, teacher's training, with knowledge regarding the historiographical value of schoolbook contents, and we propose a research perspective that takes into consideration not only social and cognitive elements involved in the learning process, but also cultural ones. We point out the need to create a meaningful learning process based on the understanding of why an event is important from a historical perspective, and promote an educational process that establishes strategies for creating the appropriate connection of each student with his social being. Likewise, we highlight the importance of didactic strategies that permit using plural historical narratives so as to provide social and cultural significance to the student's context and foster a critical and autonomous interpretation of reality in order to increase the usefulness of his learning process.
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Matthias, Nakia M. "Structuring Legitimacy via Strategies of Leadership, Cooperation and Identity: The Comité de Motard Kisima's Engagement of Media and Communication for the Enactment of Motorcycle Taxi Work in Lubumbashi." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1438350393.
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Goldman, Noémie. "Un Monde pour les XX: Octave Maus et le groupe des XX :analyse d'un cercle artistique dans une perspective sociale, économique et politique." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209691.
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Notre thèse se concentre sur la question des mécanismes de restructuration du système du monde de l’art à Bruxelles à la fin du XIXe siècle. Nous cherchons à démontrer comment une nouvelle scène artistique construite autour du cercle des XX à Bruxelles, dont l’épanouissement sera pris en charge par l’animateur d’art Octave Maus, produit un art qui est influencé par les enjeux sociaux et politiques portés par un milieu défini de manière sociale, culturelle et générationnelle.Nous avons ainsi voulu replacer le groupe des XX dans son contexte économique, politique et social. La diversification des approches et des sources était donc un aspect essentiel de nos recherches. Plusieurs voies d’approche ont été empruntées, telles que l’histoire culturelle, la sociologie de l’art, l’histoire du marché de l’art, l’analyse politique ainsi que l’étude de la visual culture.
Dans un premier temps, nous analysons l’émergence de la nouvelle scène artistique construite autour du groupe des XX. Nous débutons par une analyse plus monographique du parcours de Maus afin de définir les qualités essentielles de l’animateur d’art qu’il incarne, ainsi que son rôle dans la reconfiguration du milieu culturel. Ensuite, notre étude se concentre sur la mobilisation d’un public autour des salons et la mise en place d’un nouveau marché de l’art aux XX.
Dans un second temps, notre étude se penche sur les œuvres créées par les XX et sélectionnées par le public d’amateurs fidèles au groupe. Nous éclairons cette production artistique en y décelant les influences des questionnements et des prises de position sociales et politiques du public des XX, défini précédemment. L’analyse iconographique et stylistique des œuvres s’accompagne d’un travail sur ce milieu culturel, et particulièrement sur ses positions face aux débats sociaux de l’époque. Cette étude aboutit, d’une part, à une description approfondie du public des XX, et, d’autre part, à une meilleure compréhension de l’originalité de la production esthétique des artistes du groupe. /
This PhD thesis concentrates on the mechanisms by which the artistic world in Brussels was reorganized at the end of the 19th century. The research focuses on the places, institutions, publics, art markets and aesthetic developments that characterized the new artistic scene constructed around the “Salon des XX”. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that this artistic circle, led by Octave Maus, produced an art influenced by social, political and economic issues. Another aim has been to analyze the public that defended the artists by studying its social, cultural and generational nature.
This thesis, which is divided into two parts, for the first time explores the circle of the XX in its economic, political and social environment. The diversification of sources and scientific methods was therefore an essential aspect of the research. Different methods were applied such as, for example, the cultural history, the sociology of art, the history of the art market, political sciences and the visual culture.
The first part of this study is about the emergence of a new artistic scene founded around the “Groupe des XX”. The first objective was to investigate the personal and professional path followed by Octave Maus, the manager of the XX, who played a major role in the evolution of the cultural world. Subsequently the research focuses on the mobilization of a particular public and the creation of a new art market around the XX’s exhibitions.
The second part of this thesis considers the works of art created by the artists of the “Groupe des XX” and chosen by the public for private collections. New light is shed on this artistic production by the study of the social and political position of the XX’s public, considered as a social group. Hence the iconographic and stylistic analysis of the works goes together with a study of the XX’s milieu, and in particular with its political action. The present thesis, and the method that aims to study the works in parallel with the public’s social nature, lead to a better understanding of the cultural milieu and, at the same time, of the originality of the XX’s artistic creation.
Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Passos, Alvoni Adão Prux dos. "Uma leitura acerca das interações culturais presentes na formação do distrito de Criúva no municípios de Caxias do Sul." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2016. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1238.
Full textAbstract:
O objeto desse estudo trata da história do distrito de Criúva, onde houve a presença de forças culturais heterogêneas em sua formação. O tema escolhido reporta-se ao estudo da História Regional, cujo espaço geográfico localiza-se no interior de Caxias do Sul, especificamente no distrito de Criúva, onde se identifica a presença dos lusos como primeiros representantes europeus e mais tarde outros imigrantes, que influenciaram as práticas culturais na localidade. O ponto de partida é a posse e ocupação da terra no Rio Grande do Sul até o estabelecimento do povoado ainda no período da formação do estado no século XVIII. Para satisfazer de forma adequada os objetivos propostos foram trabalhadas fontes documentais e bibliográficas que dão conta da história da localidade até o momento. Estas fontes foram cruzadas com as fontes orais que trazem a memória sobre o objeto de estudo e ao mesmo tempo revelam as identidades e os elementos que caracterizam a população daquela localidade. O método utilizado foi o da história oral, baseado em autores que deram sustentação a análise. Os resultados mostram as influências que a região teve em seus diversos desdobramentos e como a população enfrentou os mesmos. As diversas identidades são tratadas no estudo como produto da relação que nasceu entre lusos, luso-brasileiros e os imigrantes que ocuparam a região. O patrimônio material e imaterial reflete o conjunto de valores que a população manteve e que refletem seus hábitos, costumes e ações. O estudo sobre a história do distrito de Criúva pretende colaborar para o ensino de história do município de Caxias do Sul, numa demonstração da força do trabalho no campo, no cultivo da terra, na criação de gado e nos serviços que os lugares de passagem se transformaram, auxiliando o desenvolvimento econômico da região.Submitted by Ana Guimarães Pereira (agpereir@ucs.br) on 2016-07-25T13:51:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Alvoni Adão Prux dos Passos.pdf: 5463047 bytes, checksum: c3ff9b5ee763e0b75c27f3a7db222b0e (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-25T13:51:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Alvoni Adão Prux dos Passos.pdf: 5463047 bytes, checksum: c3ff9b5ee763e0b75c27f3a7db222b0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-25
The object of this study deals with the history of Criúva district, where there was the presence of heterogeneous cultural forces in their formation. The theme refers to the study of Regional History, the geographical space located inside of Caxias do Sul, specifically Criúva district, which identifies the presence of Portuguese descendant as first European representatives and later other immigrants who influenced cultural practices in the locality. The starting point is the ownership and land occupation in Rio Grande do Sul to the village property still in the period of state formation in the eighteenth century. To meet adequately the objectives were worked documentary and bibliographic sources that tell the history of the town so far. These sources were combined with the oral sources that bring the memory of the object of study and at the same time reveal the identities and the characteristics of the population of that locality. The method used was the oral history, based on authors who have supported the analysis. The results show the influences that the region has in its various developments and as the population faced the same. The different identities are treated in the study as a product of the relationship that was born between Portuguese descendant, “Luso-Brazilians” and immigrants who occupied the region. The tangible and intangible heritage reflects the set of values that the population remained and reflects their habits, customs and actions. The study on the history of Criúva district intends to contribute to the teaching of history in the city of Caxias do Sul, in a demonstration of the labor force in the countryside, in the cultivation of land, cattle breeding and services that passing places turned, helping the economic development of the region.
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Xi, Wang. "La Chine au miroir de la perspective de groupe." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG043.
Full textAbstract:
La civilisation chinoise est généralement comparée à un monolithe ayant traversé les âges. Elle jouit d’une grande réputation et se caractérise elle-même par une idéologie holiste. Cette vision synoptique implique incidemment une notion de groupe, c’est-à-dire qu’existerait à travers l’espace et le temps un immense ensemble humain identifié par sa « sinité ». Cette thèse s’interroge sur les éléments et les étapes historiques de la construction de la nation contemporaine chinoise. Elle cherche à discerner précisément le moment où ce groupe commence à se percevoir en tant que tel et à comprendre les motifs sous-jacents à sa fondation consciente et volontaire. Afin de mettre en lumière les identités chinoises, cette étude anthropologique du politique brise les barrières des définitions, articule les différentes notions de groupe, et use d’une comparaison entre perspectives historiques de groupe de la France et de la Chine. Animée par l’ambition de s’émanciper de schémas interprétatifs parfois trop stéréotypés à l’égard de l’histoire et des politiques contemporaines chinoises et en vue d’en proposer une compréhension renouvelée, cette entreprise analytique porte une attention accrue sur la conscience d’appartenance au groupeThe Chinese civilisation is generally likened to a block of stone which has travelled through time. It enjoys a widespread reputation and is itself characterised by an holistic ideology. This summary vision implies incidentally a notion of group, which questions through space and time the existence of a huge group of human identified by its “Sinitic” character.This PhD thesis will interrogate the elements and the historical steps of the construction of a contemporary Chinese nation. It seeks precisely to discern the moment when this group began to perceive as such, and to understand the reasoning behind its conscious and voluntary foundation. In order to reveal these Chinese identities, this anthropological study in politics will break down the barriers of definitions, articulate the different concepts of group, and compare thoroughly different perspectives of some French historical groups and that of Chinese. Driven by the ambition to release the interpretative schemas, sometimes too stereotyped, regarding the history and the politics in modern China, and to propose a renewed understanding, this analytical work pays greater attention on the awareness belonging to the group
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Machado, Mariana de Abreu. "Cuidados paliativos e a construção da identidade médica paliativista no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2009. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/2329.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2009O objetivo desta dissertação consiste em investigar o processo de construção da identidade profissional de médicos que se dedicam à assistência a pacientes que apresentam doenças progressivas e ameaçadoras da continuidade existencial e que têm contribuído para o desenvolvimento dos Cuidados Paliativos no Brasil. Buscamos conhecer a trajetória profissional destes médicos desde a escolha da medicina como profissão até o encontro com a filosofia e a prática dos Cuidados Paliativos. Com este intuito, realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas,colhidas segundo a metodologia de História Oral de Vida. Foram entrevistados seis médicos de diferentes especialidades que ocupam cargos diretivos em uma das associações profissionais voltadas para a disseminação e legitimação política e social dos Cuidados Paliativos no Brasil. Os depoentes se destacam no cenário nacional no que diz respeito às discussões sobre esta temática e mantêm contato com importantes instituições internacionais. Por esta razão, chamamos o conjunto de entrevistados de elite médica paliativista. Percebemos uma pobre interlocução entre os médicos paliativistas, o que se reflete na ausência de uma identidade integrada desse grupo profissional. Os entrevistados acentuaram as competências humanitárias necessárias ao bom exercício da Medicina Paliativa, mas, no entanto, não foram explicitadas as competências específicas a este campo profissional, que justificariam seu reconhecimento pelas entidades médicas competentes comouma nova área de atuação ou especialidade.
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SCHWARZENBACH, Alexis. "Portraits of the Nation : stamps, coins and banknotes in Belgium and Switzerland, 1880-1945." Doctoral thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5974.
Full textAbstract:
Defence date: 13 December 1997Examining Board: Prof. Urs Altermatt, Université de Fribourg ; Prof. John Brewer, EUI (supervisor) ; Prof. Martin Conway, Balliol College, Oxford (ext. supervisor) ; Prof. Luisa Passerini, EUI
First made available online on 7 January 2020
Portraits of the Nation offers a fascinating insight into the construction and development of national identity in two multilingual countries—Belgium and Switzerland. This book not only shows that multilingualism was no obstacle for the development of national identity—in both countries it was used as a positive means of collective identification —it also demonstrates that other means of identification were much more important. These were found on a national and supra-linguistic level—in Belgium the Royal Family and in Switzerland the Alps—and on a local and sublinguistic level—in Belgium mainly the provinces and in Switzerland the cantons. This study also shows that, contrary to what might be expected, Belgium was often more successful than Switzerland in constructing and adapting its national identity, especially in the inter-war years. Combining written and iconographic sources found in the archives of the national banks, mints and Post Offices in Berne and Brussels this book furthermore fills in an important historiographical gap using stamps, coins and banknotes as historical sources for the first time. Often neglected by historians, Alexis Schwarzenbach successfully argues that these sources have to be seen as important lieux de mernoire and that they are ideally suited for the study of the interrelated topics of memory and identity.
-- 1. Introduction -- 2. Decision-making 1880-1913 -- 3. Portraits 1880-1913 -- 4. The First World War -- 5. Inter-war decision-making -- 6. Portraits 1919-1933/34 -- 7. Portraits 1933/34-1939/40 -- 8. The Second World War
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JANS, Jasper. "The politics of history education : teaching national history, identity and citizenship in Belgium and the Netherlands, 1830-1880." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/32120.
Full textAbstract:
Defence date: 28 March 2014Examining Board: Professor dr. Pavel Kolář, (European University Institute); Professor dr. Heinz-Gerhard Haupt, (European University Institute); Professor dr. Joep Leerssen, (University of Amsterdam); Professor dr. Tom Verschaffel, (KU Leuven)
This dissertation has studied the discourses around national history education in Belgium and the Netherlands in the middle of the nineteenth century. The literature on nation building and cultural nationalism often observes the importance of education as an instrument of nation building. Expanding school networks were one of the important conduits through which national awareness was spread among the populace. They helped to disseminate knowledge of the national language, culture and history, thus teaching the future generations about their 'home' and 'nation'. At the same time, historians often note the significance of narratives, often historical narratives, in fostering a sense of pride and attachment to the fatherland. Nevertheless, studies of the contents of and controversies surrounding history education are sparse. In this study, I hope to show that the field of (history) education is an important locus of nation building and therefore worthy of scholarly attention. Following Jörn Rüsen, I argue that history education knows a specific configuration of epistemological, aesthetic and political dimensions that makes it unique. It prioritises the political dimension over the two other dimensions, thus setting it apart from scholarly or literary and artistic forms of history-writing. Due to its pedagogical objective, furthermore, it is also different from other political forms of history-writing. History education addresses the future citizen directly and presents them visions of the good citizen. I argue that the civic virtues are an indispensable part of national identity. The education thereof should consequently be studied more in-depth. This dissertation therefore analyses notions of good citizenship present in the debates and contents of history education. Furthermore, it dissects ideas of national identity along the lines of nation and religion, nation and language, the national territory, nation and dynasty and the nation in the world.
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CHIEN-MING-CHIEH and 簡明捷. "Ethnic group,history and boundary----Magration and identity of Heng- Chun Amis." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78187198635386914455.
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"論香港人的六四事件論述: 身份認同的硏究." 2002. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891005.
Full textAbstract:
李漢來."2002年7月"
論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2002.
參考文獻 (leaves 138-142)
附中英文摘要.
"2002 nian 7 yue"
Li Hanlai.
Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002.
Can kao wen xian (leaves 138-142)
Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.
摘要 --- p.ii
圖表目錄 --- p.vii
Chapter 第一章： --- 引論 --- p.1
Chapter 第一節： --- 硏究問題的提出 --- p.1
尋找失落了的香港人六四事件論述主體性 --- p.1
尋找香港人六四事件論述與身份認同的關係 --- p.2
Chapter 第二節： --- 硏究意義與貢獻 --- p.3
「香港人與六四事件」硏究方向的確立 --- p.3
以六四事件論述補充香港身份認同硏究 --- p.6
香港人的六四事件論述的發掘、分類與詮釋 --- p.7
Chapter 第三節： --- 全文組織 --- p.8
Chapter 第二章： --- 文獻評論 --- p.9
Chapter 第四節： --- 西方的身份認同硏究：從民族性到公民性 --- p.9
民族主義 --- p.9
民族主義起源：六四事件是社會制度之爭？ --- p.10
想像共同體：六四事件中的文化矛盾 --- p.11
民族國家建構：中港的相異發展經驗 --- p.12
兩種民族主義：六四事件反映的地方意識 --- p.13
自由民族主義:香港人的六四訴求 --- p.13
公民資格 --- p.16
三種公民權利：六四中港人想要什麼？ --- p.16
公民權利的割裂：六四的河水與井水 --- p.18
政體性質和統治策略：作爲特區的香港 --- p.19
主動與被動公民資格：港人的六四參與 --- p.21
公民的集體行動：六四作爲社會運動 --- p.22
Chapter 第五節： --- 香港的身份認同硏究：在問卷調查與案例研究之間 --- p.24
分裂的身份認同 --- p.25
「香港人」對「中國人」 --- p.27
國家認同危機？ --- p.28
自由主義公民 --- p.28
歷史與案例 --- p.29
Chapter 第三章： --- Q方法論槪述 --- p.32
Chapter 第六節： --- Q方法論：身份認同與論述分析的橋樑 --- p.32
Chapter 第七節： --- 實際硏究設計簡介 --- p.35
Chapter 第四章： --- 論匯與Q樣本 --- p.38
Chapter 第八節： --- 論匯的取材 --- p.38
精英政論 --- p.38
民主自由、國家角色、民族認同、公民資格
通俗文化產品 --- p.65
電影、流行曲、詩、漫畫
大眾個人感想 --- p.91
少年人、青年人、成年人
Chapter 第九節： --- Q樣本：檢視的範疇 --- p.101
Chapter 第五章： --- 香港人的六四事件論述的詮釋 --- p.105
Chapter 第十節： --- Q因子與論述分類結果 --- p.105
因子負荷與受訪者社經背景 --- p.106
理想化因子數列 --- p.108
Chapter 第十一節： --- 各種香港人六四事件論述：分類、詮釋與相互關係 --- p.111
論述A本地意識優先的現實主義者 --- p.111
論述B自由民族主義者 --- p.113
論述C世界主義公民 --- p.115
論述D中國意識優先的現實主義者 --- p.116
論述E中國政府至上的保守主義者 --- p.117
共識與矛盾 --- p.118
其他與身份認同有關的問題與五個論述的猜想 --- p.124
Chapter 第六章： --- 香港人的六四事件論述的意涵 --- p.127
Chapter 第十二節： --- 六四事件論述的政治學意義：身份硏究中的民族主義 --- p.127
Chapter 第十三節： --- 六四事件論述的政治學意義：身份研究中的公民資格 --- p.130
Chapter 第七章： --- 結論 --- p.133
Chapter 第十四節： --- 總結：結果與貢獻 --- p.133
Chapter 第十五節： --- 檢討：限制與跟進 --- p.134
參考書目 --- p.138
中文部份 --- p.138
英文部份 --- p.140
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Cloete, Nicola Marthe. "Memory, slavery, nation: an analysis of representations of slavery in post-apartheid cultural and memory production." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/19854.
Full textAbstract:
A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities
University of the Witwatersrand
In fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of PhilosophyThe continuing role of South Africa’s past in the reconstruction of present-day identities is an area of study and investigation that crosses political, social, cultural and racial boundaries. It is also a field which, despite the post-apartheid political period and South Africa’s change to a democratic dispensation, has not necessarily provided neat categories, instances or guidelines into which identity-formation can fit. As a result, studies abound which attempt to track, respond to, reflect on and reposition how this history of slavery, colonialism and apartheid may be viewed in relation to present-day society and socio-political circumstances. This dissertation considers how and why representations of slavery emerge in discussions of what constitutes a national discourse of race and reconciliation in postapartheid South Africa. I argue that these resurgences of interest in slavery are tied to the symbolic work that the multiple memories of slavery are able to do in the postapartheid period. The study is broadly situated in a globally emerging interest in historic formations of slavery packaged in popular culture, and the current increase in human rights politics dealing with re-emerging and new forms of slavery. As a result, this study adopts an interdisciplinary approach to both the content and methodological focus of how representations of slavery re-emerge in post-apartheid South Africa; providing a consideration of the phenomena of power in relation to discursive and cultural constructions of slavery, memory, identity and nation-building. Each of the areas considered (wine farms, museum and memorial practices and walking tours), suggest that the memory of slavery is able to function in relation to the immediate needs of those proposing and implementing the remembering and remembrance.
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Childers, Jay Paul. "Cowboy citizenship: the rhetoric of civic identity among young Americans, 1965-2005." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3759.
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Bringardner, Charles Albert. "Popular entertainment and constructions of Southern identity: how burlesques, medicine shows, and musical theatre made meaning and money in the South, 1854-1980." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3001.
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Bringardner, Charles Albert 1978. "Popular entertainment and constructions of Southern identity : how burlesques, medicine shows, and musical theatre made meaning and money in the South, 1854-1980." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/13176.
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"The representation of space in contemporary Hong Kong nostalgia films." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896266.
Full textAbstract:
by Chu Wing Ki.Thesis submitted in: July 1997.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Filmography: leaves 216-219.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 204-215).
Chapter Chapter 1. --- Introduction: Contemporary Nostalgia Films Understood in the Colonial Context of Hong Kong
Chapter I. --- opular Culture as an Arena ofublicarticipation --- p.2
Chapter II. --- opular Culture and Colonialism --- p.14
The Ambivalence of Colonialism --- p.14
"""Status-quo Imaginary"" as the Manifestation of Colonial Ambivalence" --- p.17
Chapter i. --- Hong Kong in the late 60s --- p.21
Chapter ii. --- Hong Kong in the 70s --- p.24
Chapter iii. --- Hong Kong in the 80s and 90s --- p.30
Popular Culture Understood in the Colonial Context of Hong Kong --- p.35
Chapter III --- The Contemporary Mode of Nostalgia as Mediation of Colonialrocess --- p.38
Nostalgia Films Understood inost-Colonial Context -- The Ambivalence of History --- p.38
Chapter i. --- Nostalgia Films not Targetted towards the Rediscovery of History --- p.40
"The Appropriation of History as a ""Laughable"" Other" --- p.43
"The Substitution of History by ""Style""" --- p.47
Chapter ii. --- Nostalgia Films' Evocation of a Free-Floating Signifier of Hong Kong Historical Identity --- p.50
Nostalgia Films as a Context-Specific Articulation --- p.56
Nostalgia Films as a Form of Disavowal --- p.59
Outline of the Coming Chapters --- p.61
Chapter Chapter2. --- Nostalgia and History --- p.66
Chapter I. --- Rouge --- p.66
The Construction of Nostalgic Effects --- p.67
"“Sense of Loss"" as Identity Formation" --- p.72
"Theast as a ""Split Object"" of Identification" --- p.75
Pessimism as a Collective Empowerment --- p.84
Chapter II. --- Center Stage --- p.88
Interrogation of History --- p.89
Pessimism as Empowerment -- Reification of History --- p.93
The Ambivalence of History --- p.100
Chapter III. --- Days of Being Wild --- p.103
Interrogation of History:History and Subject Formation --- p.103
"""Internal Colonization"" and Fatalism" --- p.113
"The Image of “Innocence""" --- p.116
Conclusion --- p.121
Chapter Chapter 3. --- Nostalgia and Urban Space --- p.124
Chapter I. --- Nostalgia as a Critique of Urban Space --- p.124
Chapter II --- Chungking Express --- p.131
"Old Chinese Apartment as Site of “Re-enchantment""" --- p.133
"The “Urban Spectacle"" -- Old Chinese Apartment as Reified Spatial Construct" --- p.140
Chapter i. --- "The Traversed Space of ""Contemporariness"" and ""Pastness""" --- p.140
Chapter ii. --- "The ""Openness"" of Old Chinese Apartment" --- p.147
Old Chinese Apartment -- An Expression of Nostalgia? --- p.155
Chapter III. --- "He ´ةs a Woman and She ´ةs a Man, C'est La Vie Mon Cheri，He and She" --- p.158
"The “ Urban Spectacle""" --- p.158
Chapter i. --- ositive Human Qualities --- p.158
Chapter ii. --- A Historical Sense oflace --- p.163
Chapter iii. --- Interior Design -- The Assertion of Urban Spirit of Change --- p.165
Chapter iv. --- "Socially and Culturally ""Marginal"" Characters" --- p.167
Urban Status-quo Imaginary and Cultural Identificationin Hong Kong --- p.170
Old Chinese Apartment as Reified Spatial Construct --- p.174
Chapter i. --- Thearadox of Attraction and Anxiety A Discourse ofrogress --- p.174
Chapter ii. --- The Inscription of the Imperative of Advancement intohysical Surrounding --- p.179
Chapter iii. --- "The “Urban Spectacle"" of Social Differences ""Cloaked"" Gestures of ´ب´بSubversion""" --- p.181
Conclusion --- p.191
Chapter Chapter 4. --- Conclusion: Nostalgia -- The Ambivalence of History --- p.194
Chapter I. --- Optimism andessimism as Identity Formation --- p.194
Chapter II --- The Commercialization of Nostalgia --- p.197
Bibliography --- p.208
Filmography --- p.220
Appendix I-IX
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Gaubatz, Thomas Martin. "Urban Fictions of Early Modern Japan: Identity, Media, Genre." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D85T3KFV.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines the ways in which the narrative fiction of early modern (1600-1868) Japan constructed urban identity and explored its possibilities. I orient my study around the social category of chōnin (“townsman” or “urban commoner”)—one of the central categories of the early modern system of administration by status group (mibun)—but my concerns are equally with the diversity that this term often tends to obscure: tensions and stratifications within the category of chōnin itself, career trajectories that straddle its boundaries, performative forms of urban culture that circulate between commoner and warrior society, and the possibility (and occasional necessity) of movement between chōnin society and the urban poor. Examining a range of genres from the late 17th to early 19th century, I argue that popular fiction responded to ambiguities, contradictions, and tensions within urban society, acting as a discursive space where the boundaries of chōnin identity could be playfully probed, challenged, and reconfigured, and new or alternative social roles could be articulated.
The emergence of the chōnin is one of the central themes in the sociocultural history of early modern Japan, and modern scholars have frequently characterized the literature this period as “the literature of the chōnin.” But such approaches, which are largely determined by Western models of sociocultural history, fail to apprehend the local specificity and complexity of status group as a form of social organization: the chōnin, standing in for the Western bourgeoisie, become a unified and monolithic social body defined primarily in terms of politicized opposition to the ruling warrior class. In contrast, I approach the category of chōnin as a diverse and internally stratified social field, the boundaries of which were perpetually redefined through discourse and practice. I argue that literary depictions of chōnin identity responded not to tensions between dominant and dominated classes but rather to internal tensions within commoner society. Fiction written by and for commoners was focused on topics of everyday concern: how to make a living, how one should (or should not) exist within one’s family or community, how to advance (or merely maintain, or imprudently spend and exhaust) one’s social, economic, or cultural capital. I seek to replace the politicized trope of “chōnin literature” with an image of multiple urban literatures: a series of writings and rewritings through which urban writers and readers probed, questioned, and reimagined the range of identities that were possible to them.
To do so, I use an interdisciplinary method that draws from recent scholarship in social history and historical sociology on the status group system, building in particular on studies of the social structure of early modern urban space. The two-and-a-half centuries of the Tokugawa reign saw dramatic transformations in how urban identity was conceived. As a result of the increasing integration of early modern society, categories of identity that were once collective, external functions of social relationships and community membership came to be internalized and expressed by the individual as patterns of behavior, taste, and disposition—speech, sartorial expression, habits of consumption, aesthetic tastes, lifestyle, and so on—and the circulation of print media itself was part of these shifts, communicating new social and aesthetic norms across boundaries and to new readers. The readings that I develop in this dissertation are situated at key turning points in this overarching narrative. By contextualizing my close readings in relation to the shifting matrix of discourses, practices, spaces, and media forms shaping chōnin identity, I reveal how techniques of literary characterization were both shaped by and used to understand the contemporary urban world.
In Chapter 1, I offer a polemical reading of Nippon eitaigura (Japan’s Eternal Storehouse, 1688), a collection of stories of commercial success and failure written by Ihara Saikaku (1642-1693). Ihara Saikaku has often been taken as the archetypal chōnin author, and among his works, Eitaigura in particular is most regularly used by both historians and literary scholars alike as a document of chōnin values. Instead, I show the ways in which Saikaku’s text retains traces of the social diversity, class tensions, and shifting values within a heterogeneous and stratified social body. I argue that this text represents a dramatic shift in chōnin consciousness, wherein the nature of chōnin identity, which was originally a function of the urban ward (chō) as a local and organic urban community based on the concrete social relations of its members, is rewritten by Saikaku into a universalizable category of values and economic practice, prioritizing the interests of the house (ie) over the community of the chō.
One of the main ways in which the identity of the chōnin house was figured was in terms of a “house trade” (kashoku or kagyō), a term used to refer to the livelihood associated with a given household, while certain forms of identity performance and trespass were possible through cultural training in the leisure arts (yūgei). In Chapter 2, I use this binary as context for a study of the life and writings of Ejima Kiseki (1666-1735). Kiseki was born into a wealthy Kyoto merchant house, and had taken up writing as a form of leisure, but in his lifetime he saw his family business decline and was forced to make a living as a writer and publisher of fiction. His writing likewise depicts eccentric and profligate chōnin protagonists driven to dereliction by obsessive involvement in leisure practices. Focusing on Seken musuko katagi (Characters of Worldly Young Men, 1715) and Ukiyo oyaji katagi (Characters of Old Men of the Floating World, 1720), I argue that Kiseki playfully inverts the hierarchy of work and play in an attempt to imagine new possibilities of chōnin self-definition.
In Chapter 3, I examine the confrontation between bushi and chōnin concepts of social and cultural capital in the context of the Edo pleasure quarters. Here I focus on the sharebon (witty booklets), a genre of short, satirical fiction that grew in close dialog with the guidebook literature of the pleasure quarters, and the figure of the “sophisticate” (tsū or tsūjin): the paragon of urban fashion and savoir-faire. Where existing scholarship has assumed that this term refers to a concrete, specific leisure subculture, I argue that the tsū was an empty signifier used by authors of differing social positions to make competing claims for the nature of cultural capital, setting bushi intellectual ideals of classical erudition, written language, and specialist knowledge against chōnin cultures of improvisational wit, spoken language, and conspicuous consumption. I also argue that the sharebon itself played an overdetermined role in these dynamics, communicating norms of fashion and social grace to a wide readership while simultaneously throwing into question the authenticity of social performances based on such mediated knowledge.
Chapter 4 shifts to the lower margins of Edo commoner society. Here I offer a reading of the fiction of Shikitei Sanba (1776-1822), focusing on Ukiyoburo (The Floating World Bathhouse, 4 vols., 1809-1813) and Ukiyodoko (The Floating World Barber, 2 vols., 1813-1814), which depict the interaction of a range of generic middle- and lower-class social types in the context of the public spaces of Edo tenement society. Tracing the links between Sanba’s fiction and the emerging performing art of otoshi-banashi (the antecedent of modern rakugo storytelling) and the performance space of the yose, both of which emerged out of lower-class craftsman culture, I argue that Sanba constructs an image of the performative use of the voice as a tactic for navigating and integrating the margins and interstices of status-group society.
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Pereira, Paula Naude. "Om die verlede te bemeester : geheue en identiteit in die prosa van Dana Snyman." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3890.
Full textAbstract:
Aspects of memory and identity with reference to the prose of Dana Snyman will be reflected in this research report. Concepts from memory studies, such as cultural and collective memory, collective identity as well as nostalgia and loss will serve as the matrix for a reading of his narratives.
The reception of Weg, an Afrikaans outdoor magazine (and specifically the contri- butions by Snyman) amongst readers typified as the Weg-generation will be studied. Since the political transformation of 1994, there has been a renewed attempt by Afri- kaners to explore their identity and status in the new dispensation. Snyman’s nostalgic representation of this process can be linked to a current trend in Afrikaans literature where identity and roots are explored in order to redefine Self and Other. His stories document the Afrikaner culture of a bygone era with a view of coming to terms with that past.Afrikaans
Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans))
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Wernicke, Rose. "The Farmland Opera House : culture, identity, and the corn contest." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4663.
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O'Connor, Shawn Casey. "Role of discourse in a theory of politicized collective identity: the 1995 Québec referendum debate." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1924.
Full textAbstract:
Politicized collective identity (PCI) is a recent social psychological model developed by Simon and Klandermans (2001), which theorizes how the identity of social groups engaged in power struggles becomes politically or socially active, that is, how group identity becomes politicized. Virtually absent from current PCI theory is any mention of the role of language in the politicization process. The purpose of the present study was to incorporate recent theorizing in language into a theory of PCI. The analysis focussed specifically on the use of linguistic structures and strategies in both reflecting and shaping the final stage of a fully politicized collective identity, that is, the efforts of groups to involve the wider society in their struggle. Methods and theory taken from critical discourse analysis were applied to campaign material arising out of the intensely contentious political struggle over Quebec independence during the 1995 referendum campaign. The primary material was the official referendum campaign booklet, to which both sovereignists (the Yes side) and federalists (the No side) had contributed an extensive outline of their respective positions. Given the advanced stage of politicization of these groups, this material served the third and final stage of PCI—the attempt of each side to involve society by triangulation, in which groups seek to enlist the support of third parties in their struggle. The results revealed how this stage was constituted in and through discourse, that is, in a wide variety of linguistic structures and strategies such as lexical choice, metaphors, semantic macrostructures, and intertexuality. It was also noteworthy that the first two stages that Simon and Klandermans had proposed (grievances and adversarial attributions) were reintroduced in the third stage as topics of discourse and were recruited into the involvement strategies of the Yes and No sides. These findings demonstrate that the theoretical integration of language and PCI contributes to a greater understanding of how groups enlist third parties and thus builds upon Simon and Klandermans's theory of politicized collective identity.