Relevant bibliographies by topics / Group identification

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Group identification'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Group identification"

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Miller, Alan D. "Group identification." Games and Economic Behavior 63, no. 1 (May 2008): 188–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2007.08.006.

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Leach, Colin Wayne, Patricia M. Rodriguez Mosquera, Michael L. W. Vliek, and Emily Hirt. "Group Devaluation and Group Identification." Journal of Social Issues 66, no. 3 (September 2, 2010): 535–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2010.01661.x.

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Dimitrov, Dinko, Shao Chin Sung, and Yongsheng Xu. "Procedural group identification." Mathematical Social Sciences 54, no. 2 (September 2007): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2007.06.001.

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Cho, Wonki Jo, and Biung-Ghi Ju. "Multinary group identification." Theoretical Economics 12, no. 2 (May 2017): 513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3982/te2156.

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Cho, Wonki Jo, and Chang Woo Park. "Fractional group identification." Journal of Mathematical Economics 77 (August 2018): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmateco.2018.06.004.

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Patty, Diana Julaidy. "Identification Functional Group on Medicin Plants Using FTIR Spectrometry." Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research 04, no. 11 (November 10, 2016): 13800–13806. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v4i11.49.

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AKASU, Daisuke. "Consistency of the group identification in affiliation groups, and group-self-representation." Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the Japanese Psychological Association 76 (September 11, 2012): 3PMB04. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/pacjpa.76.0_3pmb04.

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Cho, Wonki Jo. "Fairness in group identification." Mathematical Social Sciences 94 (July 2018): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mathsocsci.2018.04.002.

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Verkuyten, Maykel, and Katerina Pouliasi. "Biculturalism and Group Identification." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 37, no. 3 (May 2006): 312–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022106286926.

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Kajkut, M., G. Đurić, and N. Mićić. "Preliminary identification of pear accessions of 'Lubeničarka' group using RAPD markers." European Journal of Horticultural Science 80, no. 3 (June 17, 2015): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/ejhs.2015/80.3.6.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Group identification"

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Mustard, H. L. "Identification with stigmatised groups : does group identification lead to poor self-esteem?" Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1407498/.

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Aims: If an individual receives a diagnosis, this can identify them as a member of a stigmatised group. The aim of this paper is to review the relevant literature in order to address three main questions about group identification. 1) When an individual is identified by others as being a member of a stigmatised group, do they tend to identify themselves as a member of that group? 2) What is the relationship between identification with a stigmatised group and self-evaluation? 3) Is this relationship different for mental health and learning disabilities diagnoses? Method: The academic literature was searched using PsycINFO, Web of Science, Embase, Medline and Google Scholar to identify peer-reviewed articles that explore the relationship between group identification, self-stigma and self-evaluation in the two diagnosed groups: mental health problems and learning disabilities. Results: Sixty-eight studies were identified by systematic search, 13 met criteria for this review. Eight papers focused on mental health and five focused on learning disabilities. Conclusions: There was variation in quality of methodology used, so conclusions are tentative. People tended to identify with their group but variation in level of group identification was found. Identification with the mental health problems group seemed to impact negatively on self-evaluation when the group had little value to the group member and group membership did not aid coping with stigma; if the group was valued and coping resources increased, self-evaluation could be protected. Ingroup, downward comparison to protect self-evaluation was present in both groups, but was more of a focus in the learning disabilities literature; there were no reports of the learning disabilities group being valued by its members. Implications for future research are discussed, including the study of other diagnoses such as Autism Spectrum Condition.
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Barlow, Kelly M. "Predicting social identity and the impact of typicality of group membership." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29799.

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Des etudes anterieures ont ete incapbles de determiner quels facteurs sous-tendent l'identite sociale. A l'aide de plusieurs innovations methodologiques (une mesure permettant d'exprimer librement les facteurs relies a l'identite sociale, le fait de choisir l'endogroupe et l'exogroupe et une conceptualisation de l'identite sociale comme etant composee de l'attirance envers l'endogroupe et du rejet par l'exogroupe), cette etude avait pour but d'etudier l'influence des trois facteurs postules par Tajfel (cognition, emotions et evaluation) et les croyances symboliques (coutumes, valeurs et normes) sur l'identite sociale. Les resultats de cette etude indiquent qu'une evaluation positive de l'endogroupe, les emotions positives envers l'endogroupe et une evaluation negative de l'exogroupe menacant sont associees a une identification sociale plus forte. De plus, les resultats de cette etude demontrent qu'une difference individuelle (A quel point vous percevez-vous comme un membre typique de votre groupe?) est associee a des facteurs relies a l'endogroupe (une identification plus forte et une integration du concept de soi plus eleve) et a l'exogroupe (menace intergroupe, discrimination personnelle et collective).
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Willis, Anne M. "Deaf Group Identification and Sexual Esteem." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1310576172.

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Montoya, Richard. "Narcissistic Group Orientation, Water-like Group Orientation, and Their Relations To In-group Identification." OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1856.

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Two studies were conducted to present two new theoretical constructs based on narcissistic personality and Daoist water-like personality research. Narcissistic group orientation (NGO) was developed to incorporate both the grandiose and vulnerable expressions of narcissism into a group-oriented social variable. NGO is pathological group orientation with two distinct expressions that share a common etiology in social identity monopolization. The conditions that promote social identity monopolization and ultimately increase the salience of the particular self-category, differ amongst the grandiose and vulnerable expressions of NGO. The grandiose expression increases salience of a particular self-category to facilitate opportunistic use for self-enhancement, while the vulnerable expression increases salience of a particular self-category to facilitate threat detection and avoidance. Water-like group orientation (WGO) was developed to provide a measure of secure in-group positivity which is in contrast to defensive in-group positivity. WGO is a prosocial group orientation that is based on the Daoist principle of wuwei (non-action) or underacting which is conceived here as a lack of desire for control. Study 1 aimed to provide support for the factor structure of the newly developed scales and provide evidence of validity. The results of confirmatory factor analyses in Study 1 and Study 2 supported a two-factor NGO model and a two-factor WGO model. The two-factor NGO model is made up of a grandiose narcissistic group orientation (GNGO) factor and a vulnerable narcissistic group orientation (VNGO) factor. WGO Factor 1 (WGOF1) is an in-group confidence and satisfaction factor, and WGO Factor 2 (WGOF2) is an out-group respect and altruism factor. Study 1 also gathered evidence of convergent validity for both the NGO and WGO constructs. Both GNGO and VNGO exhibited positive correlations with social dominance orientation and blind patriotism, and negligible correlations with constructive patriotism. WGOF1 exhibited positive correlations with social dominance orientation and blind patriotism, and a negligible correlation with constructive patriotism. WGOF2 exhibited negative correlations with social dominance orientation and blind patriotism, and a positive correlation with constructive patriotism. Study 2 sought to gather support for the factor structure of NGO and WGO once again and to examine the relationship between GNGO, VNGO, WGOF1, and WGOF2 with a multicomponent measure of in-group identification that includes solidarity, satisfaction, centrality, self-stereotyping, and in-group homogeneity. GNGO, VNGO, and WGOF1 were positively related to all five in-group identification components, while WGOF2 was unrelated to all five in-group identification components. The NGO and WGO scales may be used to study groups who are experiencing acute or ongoing intergroup conflict, intense scrutiny, or aggressive groups. These scales may be used to develop a greater understanding of group and environmental characteristics that lead to defensive in-group positivity.
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Jooste, PJ, LI Tsoeu, G. Charimba, and CJ Hugo. "Spoilage potential of a novel group of bacteria." South African Journal of Science, 2016. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001999.

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Abstract Cold-tolerant bacteria, also known as psychrotrophic bacteria, are notorious contaminants of milk in the refrigerated dairy food chain. These organisms, especially the pseudomonads, may produce heatresistant enzymes that are responsible for the breakdown of proteins and lipids in milk and dairy products. Such reactions result in a variety of defects in the raw or unprocessed milk that may affect the suitability of such milk for further processing. The enzymes produced may cause defects in long-life dairy products such as cheese, butter and long-life milk. In the present study, a range of 18 yellow pigmented psychrotrophic bacteria, collectively known as flavobacteria, were isolated from local dairy products. One aim of this study was to identify these bacteria to species level using molecular techniques. A second aim was to determine the spoilage potential of these organisms based on profiles generated by the BIOLOG system (that may relate to hydrolytic enzymes produced). Of the 18 isolates, 14 belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium while 4 were identified as Empedobacter isolates. The most active spoilage organisms in this group were shown to be C. bovis, C. shigense and E. brevis. These findings illustrate that enzymatically catalysed defects in dairy products should not be attributed solely to acknowledged psychrotrophic bacteria such as the pseudomonads, but that flavobacterial species may also be actively involved.
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Aharpour, Sabina. "Social identity theory and group diversity : an analysis of functions of group identification." Thesis, University of Kent, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298165.

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Silver, Michael Dana. "Group loyalty and group identification : the initial development and evaluation of a new measure of group loyalty." Connect to resource, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1202773243.

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Satijn, David Pierre Elisabeth. "Identification and characterization of human polycomb-group proteins." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2000. http://dare.uva.nl/document/82593.

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難波, 久美子, and Kumiko NAMBA. "ボランティアグループヘの同一性がその活動に与える影響について : メンバーシップヘの同一性とメンバーヘの同一性の2側面に注目して." 名古屋大学大学院教育発達科学研究科, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/3125.

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Bell, Brenda Jean, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "Lifelines : an ethnographic study of identification processes and discursive practices in mutual aid groups." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1999, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/105.

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This thesis research is an ethnographic account of how identity and a sense of community are discursively constructed and managed among participants in mutual aid groups. Research findings are based upon interview and observational data collected from two support groups located in a Canadian city. While members' accounts provide a basis for interpreting the meaning of support as experienced, researcher observations focus on discursive identification practices. My interpretation sheds light on the dynamic interplay between notions of community, symbolic boundary and identity. Participant stories grounded in experiential knowledge, serve as critical connecting nodes in the construction and reproduction of community and as legitimate leverage to resist denied agency. These case study findings suggest how support, community and identity are collectively accomplished, in part, by managing symbolic boundaries through positioning practices. An understanding of these micro-processes has practical implications for the development of mutual aid groups to meet health and social needs.
xiv, 310 leaves ; 29 cm.
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Books on the topic "Group identification"

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Davezies, Laurent. Identification of peer effects using group size variation. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2006.

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John, Lesniewski, ed. Kiss collectibles identification and price guide. New York: Avon Books, 1993.

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Brown, Brian Victor. Revision of the Melaloncha ungulata-group of bee-killing flies (Diptera: Phoridae). Los Angeles, Calif: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 2006.

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Schefter, Patricia W. A systematic study of the nearctic larvae of the Hydropsyche morosa group (Trichoptera : Hydropsychidae). Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, 1986.

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Dudley-Jenkins, Laura. Identity and identification in India: Defining the disadvantaged. London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

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Identity and identification in India: Defining the disadvantaged. New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2002.

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Kaila, Lauri. A revision of the nearctic species of Elachista s.1 II., the argentella group (Lepidoptera:Elachistidae). Helsinki: Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board, 1997.

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Tu sei un bastardo: Contro l'abuso delle identità. Milano: Feltrinelli, 2005.

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Pollini, Gabriele. Appartenenza e identità: Analisi sociologica dei modelli di appartenenza sociale. Milano, Italy: F. Angeli, 1987.

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Religion and political culture in Britain and Ireland: From the glorious revolution to the decline of empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Group identification"

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Sussman, Steve, Meghan Bridgid Moran, and Pallav Pokhrel. "Group Identification." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1237–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_303.

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Moran, Meghan B., Pallav Pokhrel, and Steve Sussman. "Group Identification." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_303-2.

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Moran, Meghan B., Pallav Pokhrel, and Steve Sussman. "Group Identification." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1678–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_303.

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Damgård, Ivan, Kasper Dupont, and Michael Østergaard Pedersen. "Unclonable Group Identification." In Advances in Cryptology - EUROCRYPT 2006, 555–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11761679_33.

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Zheng, Wei-Shi, Shaogang Gong, and Tao Xiang. "Group Association: Assisting Re-identification by Visual Context." In Person Re-Identification, 183–201. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6296-4_9.

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Handley, Ben. "Resource-Efficient Anonymous Group Identification." In Financial Cryptography, 295–312. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45472-1_20.

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Vitikainen, Annamari. "Group Membership, Self-identification, and Need." In The Limits of Liberal Multiculturalism, 103–26. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137404626_5.

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Shirali-Shahreza, Sajad. "Use Speech for User’s Group Identification." In Natural Language Processing and Information Systems, 313–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12550-8_33.

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Chen, Yiqiang, Stefan Duffner, Andrei Stoian, Jean-Yves Dufour, and Atilla Baskurt. "Person Re-identification Using Group Context." In Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems, 392–401. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01449-0_33.

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Chen, Chen, Wei Wang, and Xiaoyang Wang. "Efficient Maximum Closeness Centrality Group Identification." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 43–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46922-5_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Group identification"

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Xiao, Hao, Weiyao Lin, Bin Sheng, Ke Lu, Junchi Yan, Jingdong Wang, Errui Ding, Yihao Zhang, and Hongkai Xiong. "Group Re-Identification." In MM '18: ACM Multimedia Conference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3240508.3240539.

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Tu, Shouzhong, Jianye Yu, Jing Yang, Jing He, and Xiaoyan Zhu. "Scale Adjustable Interaction Group Identification." In 2018 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence (WI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wi.2018.00-69.

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De Santis, Afredo, Giovanni Di Crescenzo, and Giuseppe Persiano. "Communication-efficient anonymous group identification." In the 5th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/288090.288110.

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Hanzlik, Lucjan, Kamil Kluczniak, Przemyslaw Kubiak, and Miroslaw Kutylowski. "Restricted Identification without Group Keys." In 2012 IEEE 11th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/trustcom.2012.243.

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Dou, Wensheng, Shi Han, Liang Xu, Dongmei Zhang, and Jun Wei. "Expandable group identification in spreadsheets." In ASE '18: 33rd ACM/IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3238147.3238222.

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Husek, Dušan, Hana Rezankova, and Jirí Dvorsky. "Social Group Identification and Clustering." In 2009 International Conference on Computational Aspects of Social Networks (CASON). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cason.2009.12.

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Tchagang, Alain B., Ahmed H. Tewfik, Amy P. N. Skubitz, and Keith Skubitz. "Group-Biomarkers Identification in Ovarian Carcinoma." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing - ICASSP '07. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2007.366686.

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Gliwa, B., S. Saganowski, A. Zygmunt, P. Brodka, P. Kazienko, and J. Kozak. "Identification of Group Changes in Blogosphere." In 2012 International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2012.207.

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Bialkowski, Alina, Patrick Lucey, Xinyu Wei, and Sridha Sridharan. "Person Re-Identification Using Group Information." In 2013 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dicta.2013.6691512.

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Iscen, Ahmet, and Teddy Furon. "Group Testing for Identification with Privacy." In IH&MMSec '16: ACM Information Hiding and Multimedia Security Workshop. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2909827.2930792.

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Reports on the topic "Group identification"

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JOHNSON, A. L. CH2M Hill Hanford Group, Inc. Standards and Requirements Identification Document (SRID) Requirements Management System and Requirements Specification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/805453.

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Buesch, D. C., R. W. Spengler, T. C. Moyer, and J. K. Geslin. Proposed stratigraphic nomenclature and macroscopic identification of lithostratigraphic units of the Paintbrush Group exposed at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/366475.

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Reyes, Angela, Benjamin Roseth, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Technology, Identification, and Access to Social Programs: Experimental Evidence from Panama. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003485.

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Access to identification cards (IDs) is often required to claim government benefits. However, it is unclear which policies to increase ID ownership are more effective. We experimentally analyze the effect of two policy interventions to induce the timely renewal of identification cards on access to a government social program in Panama. Sending reminders about expiration dates increased the probability of on-time renewals and of accessing benefits from a social program by 12 and 4.3 percentage points, respectively, relative to a control group. In contrast, allowing individuals to renew their ID online only increased renewals and access to benefits by 8 and 2.9 percentage points, respectively. This result was driven by lower-income individuals. The results suggest that policies to increase ownership of valid identity documentation can reduce inclusion errors in government programs and that simply granting access to digital tools may not be enough to unlock important effects.
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Larbalestier, David, Eric Hellstron, and Dmytro Abraimov. buffer Layer Growth, the Thickness Dependence of Jc in Coated Conductors, Local Identification of Current Limiting Mechanisms and Participation in the Wire Development Group. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1031724.

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Shpigel, Nahum, Raul Barletta, Ilan Rosenshine, and Marcelo Chaffer. Identification and characterization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis virulence genes expressed in vivo by negative selection. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7696510.bard.

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of a severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in ruminants, known as Johne’s disease or paratuberculosis. Johne’s disease is considered to be one of the most serious diseases affecting dairy cattle both in Israel and worldwide. Heavy economic losses are incurred by dairy farmers due to the severe effect of subclinical infection on milk production, fertility, lower disease resistance and early culling. Its influence in the United States alone is staggering, causing an estimated loss of $1.5 billion to the agriculture industry every year. Isolation of MAP from intestinal tissue and blood of Crohn's patients has lead to concern that it plays a potential pathogenic role in promoting human IDB including Crohn’s disease. There is great concern following the identification of the organism in animal products and shedding of the organism to the environment by subclinically infected animals. Little is known about the molecular basis for MAP virulence. The goal of the original proposed research was to identify MAP genes that are required for the critical stage of initial infection and colonization of ruminants’ intestine by MAP. We proposed to develop and use signature tag mutagenesis (STM) screen to find MAP genes that are specifically required for survival in ruminants upon experimental infection. This research projected was approved as one-year feasibility study to prove the ability of the research team to establish the animal model for mutant screening and alternative in-vitro cell systems. In Israel, neonatal goat kids were repeatedly inoculated with either one of the following organisms; MAP K-10 strain and three transposon mutants of K-10 which were produced and screened by the US PI. Six months after the commencement of inoculation we have necropsied the goats and taken multiple tissue samples from the jejunum, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes. Both PCR and histopathology analysis indicated on efficient MAP colonization of all the inoculated animals. We have established several systems in the Israeli PI’s laboratory; these include using IS900 PCR for the identification of MAP and using HSP65-based PCR for the differentiation between MAV and MAP. We used Southern blot analysis for the differentiation among transposon mutants of K-10. In addition the Israeli PI has set up a panel of in-vitro screening systems for MAP mutants. These include assays to test adhesion, phagocytosis and survival of MAP to/within macrophages, assays that determine the rate of MAPinduced apoptosis of macrophages and MAP-induced NO production by macrophages, and assays testing the interference with T cell ã Interferon production and T cell proliferation by MAP infected macrophages (macrophage studies were done in BoMac and RAW cell lines, mouse peritoneal macrophages and bovine peripheral blood monocytes derived macrophages, respectively). All partners involved in this project feel that we are currently on track with this novel, highly challenging and ambitious research project. We have managed to establish the above described research systems that will clearly enable us to achieve the original proposed scientific objectives. We have proven ourselves as excellent collaborative groups with very high levels of complementary expertise. The Israeli groups were very fortunate to work with the US group and in a very short time period to master numerous techniques in the field of Mycobacterium research. The Israeli group has proven its ability to run this complicated animal model. This research, if continued, may elucidate new and basic aspects related to the pathogenesis MAP. In addition the work may identify new targets for vaccine and drug development. Considering the possibility that MAP might be a cause of human Crohn’s disease, better understanding of virulence mechanisms of this organism might also be of public health interest as well.
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Bacharach, Eran, W. Ian Lipkin, and Avigdor Eldar. Identification of the etiological agent of tilapia disease in the Lake of Galillee. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7597932.bard.

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Background to the topic. Tilapines serve as the second most important group of farmed fish worldwide. Massive mortality of wild and cultured tilapia has been observed recently in Israel but the pathogen of this disease has not been identified. We proposed to identify the agent responsible for disease.  Major conclusions, solutions, achievements. We characterized the lesions in diseased fish and found that the brain was one of the affected organs. We found conditions to isolate from brains of diseased fish the etiological agent of the tilapia disease and to propagate it in cell culture. This led to the identification of the pathogen as a novel RNA virus, which we named Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV). Electron microscopy of TiLV revealed virion-like particles and ether/chloroform-sensitivity assays demonstrated that TiLV is enveloped. Low passage TiLV, injected intra-peritoneally to tilapia, induced a disease with over 80% mortality. Cohabitation of healthy with diseased fish demonstrated that the disease is contagious, and that mortalities occur within few days. Fish surviving initial mortality were immune to further TiLV infections, suggesting the mounting of protective immune response. Screening cDNA libraries and high throughput sequencing determined the sequence of TiLV genome. This demonstrated that TiLV is indeed a novel virus and allowed the design of a PCRbased diagnostic test.  Implications, both scientific and agricultural. The characterization of a novel, emerging RNA virus that imposes major threat to the tilapia industry, enables the specific identification of the virus in tilapines. This allows prompt screening and surveillance of TiLV, epidemiological studies, and disease containment. This also potentially opens the way for the development of vaccines against TiLV.
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7

Rannenberg, Kai, Sebastian Pape, Frédéric Tronnier, and Sascha Löbner. Study on the Technical Evaluation of De-Identification Procedures for Personal Data in the Automotive Sector. Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.63413.

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The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate different de-identification techniques that may be used in several mobility-related use cases. To do so, four use cases have been defined in accordance with a project partner that focused on the legal aspects of this project, as well as with the VDA/FAT working group. Each use case aims to create different legal and technical issues with regards to the data and information that are to be gathered, used and transferred in the specific scenario. Use cases should therefore differ in the type and frequency of data that is gathered as well as the level of privacy and the speed of computation that is needed for the data. Upon identifying use cases, a systematic literature review has been performed to identify suitable de-identification techniques to provide data privacy. Additionally, external databases have been considered as data that is expected to be anonymous might be reidentified through the combination of existing data with such external data. For each case, requirements and possible attack scenarios were created to illustrate where exactly privacy-related issues could occur and how exactly such issues could impact data subjects, data processors or data controllers. Suitable de-identification techniques should be able to withstand these attack scenarios. Based on a series of additional criteria, de-identification techniques are then analyzed for each use case. Possible solutions are then discussed individually in chapters 6.1 - 6.2. It is evident that no one-size-fits-all approach to protect privacy in the mobility domain exists. While all techniques that are analyzed in detail in this report, e.g., homomorphic encryption, differential privacy, secure multiparty computation and federated learning, are able to successfully protect user privacy in certain instances, their overall effectiveness differs depending on the specifics of each use case.
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Shpigel, Nahum Y., Ynte Schukken, and Ilan Rosenshine. Identification of genes involved in virulence of Escherichia coli mastitis by signature tagged mutagenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699853.bard.

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Mastitis, an inflammatory response of the mammary tissue to invading pathogenic bacteria, is the largest health problem in the dairy industry and is responsible for multibillion dollar economic losses. E. coli are a leading cause of acute mastitis in dairy animals worldwide and certainly in Israel and North America. The species E. coli comprises a highly heterogeneous group of pathogens, some of which are commensal residents of the gut, infecting the mammary gland after contamination of the teat skin from the environment. As compared to other gut microflora, mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) may have undergone evolutionary adaptations that improve their fitness for colonization of the unique and varied environmental niches found within the mammary gland. These niches include competing microbes already present or accompanying the new colonizer, soluble and cellular antimicrobials in milk, and the innate immune response elicited by mammary cells and recruited immune cells. However, to date, no specific virulence factors have been identified in E. coli isolates associated with mastitis. The original overall research objective of this application was to develop a genome-wide, transposon-tagged mutant collection of MPEC strain P4 and to use this technology to identify E. coli genes that are specifically involved in mammary virulence and pathogenicity. In the course of the project we decided to take an alternative genome-wide approach and to use whole genomes bioinformatics analysis. Using genome sequencing and analysis of six MPEC strains, our studies have shown that type VI secretion system (T6SS) gene clusters were present in all these strains. Furthermore, using unbiased screening of MPEC strains for reduced colonization, fitness and virulence in the murine mastitis model, we have identified in MPEC P4-NR a new pathogenicity island (PAI-1) encoding the core components of T6SS and its hallmark effectors Hcp, VgrG and Rhs. Next, we have shown that specific deletions of T6SS genes reduced colonization, fitness and virulence in lactating mouse mammary glands. Our long-term goal is to understand the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions in the mammary gland and to relate these mechanisms to disease processes and pathogenesis. We have been able to achieve our research objectives to identify E. coli genes that are specifically involved in mammary virulence and pathogenicity. The project elucidated a new basic concept in host pathogen interaction of MPEC, which for the best of our knowledge was never described or investigated before. This research will help us to shed new light on principles behind the infection strategy of MPEC. The new targets now enable prevalence and epidemiology studies of T6SS in field strains of MPEC which might unveil new geographic, management and ecological risk factors. These will contribute to development of new approaches to treat and prevent mastitis by MPEC and perhaps other mammary pathogens. The use of antibiotics in farm animals and specifically to treat mastitis is gradually precluded and thus new treatment and prevention strategies are needed. Effective mastitis vaccines are currently not available, structural components and effectors of T6SS might be new targets for the development of novel vaccines and therapeutics.
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Baszler, Timothy, Igor Savitsky, Christopher Davies, Lauren Staska, and Varda Shkap. Identification of bovine Neospora caninum cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes for development of peptide-based vaccine. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7695592.bard.

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The goal of the one-year feasibility study was to identify specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes to Neosporacaninum in the natural bovine host in order to make progress toward developing an effective peptide-based vaccine against bovine neosporosis. We tested the hypothesis that: N. caninum SRS2 peptides contain immunogenicCTLepitope clusters cross-presented by multiple bovine MHC-I and MHC-IIhaplotypes. The specific objectives were: (1) Map bovine CTLepitopes of N. caninum NcSRS-2 and identify consensus MHC-I and class-II binding motifs; and (2) Determine if subunit immunization with peptides containing N. caninum-specificCTLepitopes cross-reactive to multiple bovine MHChaplotypes induces a CTL response in cattle with disparate MHChaplotypes. Neosporosis is a major cause of infectious abortion and congenital disease in cattle, persisting in cattle herds via vertical transmission.5 N. caninum abortions are reported in Israel; a serological survey of 52 Israeli dairy herds with reported abortions indicated a 31% infection rate in cows and 16% infection rate in aborted fetuses.9,14 Broad economic loss due to bovine neosporosis is estimated at $35,000,000 per year in California, USA, and $100,000,000 (Australian) per year in Australia and New Zealand.13 Per herd losses in a Canadian herd of 50 cattle are estimated more conservatively at $2,305 (Canadian) annually.4 Up to date practical measures to reduce losses from neosporosis in cattle have not been achieved. There is no chemotherapy available and, although progress has been made toward understanding immunity to Neospora infections, no efficacious vaccine is available to limit outbreaks or prevent abortions. Vaccine development to prevent N. caninum abortion and congenital infection remains a high research priority. To this end, our research group has over the past decade: 1) Identified the importance of T-lymphocyte-mediated immunity, particularly IFN-γ responses, as necessary for immune protection to congenital neosporosis in mice,1,2,10,11 and 2) Identified MHC class II restricted CD4+ CTL in Neosporainfected Holstein cattle,16 and 3) Identified NcSRS2 as a highly conserved surface protein associated with immunity to Neospora infections in mice and cattle.7,8,15 In this BARD-funded 12 month feasibility study, we continued our study of Neospora immunity in cattle and successfully completed T-lymphocyte epitope mapping of NcSRS2 surface protein with peptides and bovine immune cells,15 fulfilling objective 1. We also documented the importance of immune responses NcSRS2 by showing that immunization with native NcSRS2 reduces congenital Neospora transmission in mice,7 and that antibodies to NcSRS2 specifically inhibition invasion of placental trophoblasts.8 Most importantly we showed that T-lymphocyte responses similar to parasite infection, namely induction of activated IFN-γ secreting Tlymphocytes, could be induced by subunit immunization with NcSRS2 peptides containing the Neospora-specificCTLepitopes (Baszler et al, In preparation) fulfilling objective 2. Both DNA and peptide-based subunit approaches were tested. Only lipopeptide-based NcSRS2 subunits, modified with N-terminal linked palmitic acid to enhance Toll-like receptors 2 and 1 (TLR2-TLR1), stimulated robust antigen-specific T-lymphocyte proliferation, IFN-γ secretion, and serum antibody production across different MHC-IIhaplotypes. The discovery of MHC-II cross-reactive T-cellinducing parasite peptides capable of inducing a potentially protective immune response following subunit immunization in cattle is of significant practical importance to vaccine development to bovine neosporosis. In addition, our findings are more widely applicable in future investigations of protective T-cell, subunit-based immunity against other infectious diseases in outbred cattle populations.
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Villa Zárate, Javier, Daniel Vieitez Martínez, Carlos Mondragón, Miguel Á. Martínez, and Jaime Pérez. Selection Criteria for PPP Projects: Determinants of Value Generation in the Use of Public Resources (Value for Money). Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003615.

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The Discussion Papers PPP Americas 2021 are a series of documents written to prepare for PPP Americas tenth edition. The event is the most important forum on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), organized every two years by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Driven by PPP Americas 2021, we gathered eight thematic groups were, with specialists, professionals, consultants, and scholars engaged directly in the preparation, identification, structuration, and management of PPP infrastructure projects in countries of the region. IDB specialists coordinated the groups to review the main hot topics on PPP projects for social and economic infrastructure, aiming to exchange experiences, debate successful cases and lessons learned. The present Discussion Paper, “Selection Criteria for PPP Projects,” collects the main conclusions and recommendations discussed by the group and intends to consolidate a knowledge exchange environment in infrastructure and PPP inside the region, offering best practices on infrastructure projects selection and value generation in the use of public resources in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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