Academic literature on the topic 'Group decision making – Case studies'
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Journal articles on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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Liang, Ru, and Heap-Yih Chong. "A hybrid group decision model for green supplier selection: a case study of megaprojects." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 26, no. 8 (September 16, 2019): 1712–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-10-2018-0462.
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Purpose Green supplier selection is one of the crucial activities in green supply chain management. However, limited studies have addressed the vagueness and complexities during the selection process, particularly in multi-criterion decision-making (MCDM) circumstances. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to develop a group decision model using a modified fuzzy MCDM approach for green supplier selection under a complex situation. Design/methodology/approach The proposed study develops a framework for sorting decisions in green supplier selection by using the hesitant fuzzy qualitative flexible multiple attributes method (QUALIFLEX). The synthetic consistent or inconsistent indexes were used to calculate all alternative suppliers by normalizing the hesitant fuzzy decision matrix. Findings The proposed framework has been successfully applied and illustrated in the case example of CB02 contract section in Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge project. The results show various complicated decision-making scenarios can be addressed through the proposed approach. The synthetic (in)consistent indexes are able to calculate all alternative suppliers by normalizing the hesitant fuzzy decision matrix. Originality/value The research contributes to improving accuracy and reliability decision-making processes for green supplier selection, especially under vagueness and complex situations in megaprojects.
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Bindler, Anna, and Randi Hjalmarsson. "Path Dependency in Jury Decision Making." Journal of the European Economic Association 17, no. 6 (December 11, 2018): 1971–2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jeea/jvy046.
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Abstract A large behavioral economics literature is concerned with cognitive biases in individual and group decisions, including sequential decisions. These studies often find a negative path-dependency consistent with mechanisms such as the gambler's fallacy or contrast effects. We provide the first test for such biases in group decision making using observational data. Specifically, we study more than 27,000 verdicts adjudicated sequentially by over 900 juries for high-stake criminal cases at London's Old Bailey Criminal Court in the 18th and 19th centuries. Using jury fixed effects to account for heterogeneity in their baseline propensity to convict, we find that a previous guilty verdict significantly increases the chance of a subsequent guilty verdict by 6.7%–14.1%. This positive autocorrelation is robust to alternative estimation strategies, independent of jury experience and driven by the most recent lag and pairs of similar cases. Such positive path dependency may be explained by sequential assimilation effects, which may reflect a jury's desire to be internally consistent, and short-term “emotional” impacts of the characteristics and/or outcome of one case on another. As in modern-day jury studies, our results highlight that factors independent of the facts and evidence of the current case might affect jury behavior.
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Mitin, A. I. "Training in Group Decision Making in Situational Training Centers." Psychological-Educational Studies 10, no. 3 (2018): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2018100308.
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The article deals with the psychological and pedagogical problems of training situational centers (TSC) as a learning environment for group decision-making. TSC have a significant role to play in the process of formation of a new type of managerial personnel, managers for the "digital economy" and "digital state. Emphasizes the importance of workplaces as a Central element for the functioning of TSCs; in this case, the workplace is treated as an element of the educational environment in relation to two related subject areas – social management and education. The script approach at the organization of educational activity in TSC is described; the script of an educational task contains, in particular, characteristics and the description of the principles of work of the corresponding workplaces, and also methods of work of participants of studies (students, teachers, experts, game technicians, producers). The importance of forming a visual information image of the management situation for the collective work of students is emphasized. We consider the models of classes in the TSC (lecture-discussion, case-study, role play), as well as psychological, didactic, technological and organizational factors taken into account in these models. The problem of "Brainstorming" is considered as an example of communicative decision-making technology in the TSC.
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Ortiz-Urbina, González-Pachón, and Diaz-Balteiro. "Decision-Making in Forestry: A Review of the Hybridisation of Multiple Criteria and Group Decision-Making Methods." Forests 10, no. 5 (April 29, 2019): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10050375.
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The degree of complexity in forest management has increased in the last few decades, not only due to the inclusion of specific new issues (e.g., climate change, social protection, etc.), but also because these new, as well as classic, issues have to be dealt with in a context characterised by multiple conflicting criteria that are evaluated by different stakeholders. Nowadays, the multicriteria issue enjoys a relatively sound tradition in forest management. However, the consideration of several stakeholders, which requires the formulation of management models within a collective decision-making setting, is not that advanced. This paper aims to provide a critical overview of forestry case studies that have been published in primary journals and that deal with multiple criteria and several stakeholders. Based on this overview, some highlights of the most promising methods were obtained, and recommendations for the fruitful use of these combined methodologies for dealing with numerous types of forest management problems are provided.
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Spence, Nigel. "Making Decisions about Children in Care: A study of case conferences." Children Australia 17, no. 3 (1992): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200013262.
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This paper studies the decision-making processes that occur in child welfare case conferences. Using a small sample of eight case conferences the study focuses on the way child welfare professionals and parents interact in formulating constructions of “children’s needs” and “parental competence”. The case conference setting, group composition, sequence and the relationships between the health and welfare professionals present are also identified as key factors in influencing the outcome of the case conference.
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Rutka, Ryszard, Piotr Wróbel, and Ewa Wycinka. "Team members’ direct participation in decision-making processes and the quality of decisions." Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation 19, no. 3 (2023): 169–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.7341/20231935.
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PURPOSE: Do teams manage to reach better decisions than those made by individuals? Numerous studies have delivered inconclusive results. Meanwhile, participation in decision-making can take various forms and is not limited to consensus group decisions, and the influence of the various forms of participation on the quality of decisions has been less frequently examined. The aim of the research was to determine the effect on decision quality of changing the form of direct participation in the decision-making process in the case of complex, multi-stage problems. METHODOLOGY: The article presents the results of a long-term experiment in which 598 teams of 2,673 people took part. The participants were asked to solve a decision problem using three decision-making styles: autocratic, consultative, and group. The participants played the role of members of a newly established project team that must plan its own work. The task concerned a problem that requires the analysis of a number of dependencies between sub-problems, in contrast to eureka-type problems. The decision problem was new to the participants, making it impossible to apply known solutions; a creative approach was therefore required. The decision was then compared with the optimal solution established by experts. Decision quality was based on the deviation of the proposed solution from the optimal solution. FINDINGS: The results of the experiment confirm the significant synergistic potential of increasing direct participation in decision-making for complex, multi-stage problems. A significant proportion of teams made better decisions as a result of increasing direct participation – replacing autocratic decisions with consultative and group decisions. The quality of consultative decisions was roughly in the middle of autocratic and group decisions. By using group decision-making, teams made better decisions than the average individual decision and came closer to the decision quality achieved by the best team members. This effect was universal, observed both in the strongest and weakest teams. It should be remembered that, while group decision-making has the potential for synergy, it is not always achieved. Group decision-making markedly reduced the risk of making highly misguided decisions, and it can be reasoned that direct participation protects against serious mistakes more than it guarantees the best possible results. IMPLICATIONS: Team leaders should be familiar with different decision-making styles, their advantages and disadvantages, and the scope of their application. This research suggests that increasing team members’ participation to a consultative role and even better, a full participatory role, increases the quality of the decision. With the growing complexity of organizations that have to deal with accelerating change, technology development and increased competition, creating structures that can flexibly respond to the challenges of the environment requires the participation of team members at all managerial levels. The use of consultative and group decision-making styles for complex and multi-stage problems supports this process. The group decision-making style can bring better quality, but it has its limitations and it is not always possible to use it. It requires a team of highly competent people who identify themselves with the interests of the organization. Otherwise, the consultative form will bring better results. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: For the first time, an empirical study analyses the case of consultative decision-making, in which the team leader consults the individual opinions independently to finally come up with a final “team” decision. This approach is widely used by team leaders and managers in the field. This study shows that this approach constitutes an improvement over the individual (autocratic) one but still falls short of the group decision-making approach. Finally, this study which has been done with the largest number of participant teams (598 teams, 2,673 individuals), professionally active post-graduate students and over a 24-year period allows a sound statistical confirmation of the proposed decision quality improvement when moving from individual to consultative and group decision-making styles.
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Morone, Andrea, Simone Nuzzo, and Tiziana Temerario. "Decision process and preferences over risk under the “endogenous decision rule”: results from a group experiment." Economics and Business Letters 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/ebl.10.2.2021.107-115.
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Recent literature on individual vs. group decision-making, in risky contexts, has brought about divergent results, mainly depending on the institutional rules through which groups take decisions. Some studies where group decisions relied on majority rule showed no appreciable difference between individuals and groups’ preferences, others where unanimity among group members was required found collective decisions to be less risk-averse than individual ones. We elicited groups’ preferences over risk using what we defined “endogenous-decision-rule”, i.e. leaving groups free to endogenously solve the potential disagreement among their members. Our results unambiguously show that individuals are more risk seeker than groups when facing gambles with positive expected payoff difference and more risk-averse in the opposite case.
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Gibson, Terry David, Aka Festus Tongwa, Sarwar Bari, Guillaume Chantry, Manu Gupta, Jesusa Grace Molina, Nisha Shresha, et al. "Drawing the case studies together: synthesis of case studies and group discussions." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 28, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 93–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-07-2018-0223.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to individually examine the findings from eight case studies presented in this special issue and comparatively identify the findings regarding local learning and action. Design/methodology/approach Underlying research questions regarding power and powerlessness in regard to addressing underlying risk factors affecting local populations form the basis for the discussion. Proceedings of a collaborative workshop conducted with the contributing authors are analysed qualitatively to identify learning relating to the research questions emerging from the case studies individually and collectively. Findings A number of strategies and tactics for addressing underlying risk factors affecting local populations were identified from the case studies, including collaboration and cohesion. Campaigning, lobbying, communications and social mobilisation in an attempt to bridge the gap between local concerns and the decision-making of government and other powerful actors. Innovation and local mobilisation to address shortcomings in government support for disaster reduction and development. Communications as a first base to influence behaviour of both communities and government. Social change through empowerment of women to act in disaster reduction and development. Research limitations/implications The outcomes of the action research conducted by the authors individually and collectively highlight the necessity for bridging different scales of action through a range of strategies and tactics to move beyond local self-reliance to influence on underlying risk factors. The action research process employed may have wider applications in gathering and formalising local-level experience and knowledge. Practical implications The case studies and their analysis present a range of practical strategies and tactics to strengthen local resilience and address underlying risk factors which are replicable in other contexts. Originality/value Practitioners are activists and do not often engage in critical reflection and analysis. The method presented here offers a means of achieving this in order to generate learning from local-level experience. The findings contribute to the consideration of cross-scale action to address underlying risk factors which impact local communities.
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Coffey, John W. "Facilitating Idea Generation and Decision-Making with Concept Maps." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 03, no. 02 (June 2004): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021964920400078x.
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This paper contains a description of the creation of Concept Maps in facilitated sessions to promote idea generation and group decision-making. A number of issues pertain to facilitated Concept Mapping, including the number of facilitators, the optimal or manageable size of groups, the sorts of group interactions that are encountered and their impacts on the proceedings, and the sorts of outcomes that can be expected. This article describes these basic issues as well as attributes, concerns, and skills required of facilitators. It presents two case studies illustrating methodological issues pertaining to the facilitation process and the sorts of outcomes that can be achieved.
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Andersen, Sarah C., Kathrine L. Møller, Simon W. Jørgensen, Lotte B. Jensen, and Morten Birkved. "SCALABLE AND QUANTITATIVE DECISION SUPPORT FOR THE INITIAL BUILDING DESIGN STAGES OF REFURBISHMENT." Journal of Green Building 14, no. 4 (September 2019): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.14.4.35.
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Decision-making within the building industry often involves various criteria of very different natures. Some are qualitative, others quantitative, some are objective, others subjective, but ultimately, they should all be aggregated and handled holistically in order to support decision-making. This process can also be referred to as multicriteria decision-making (MCDM). Some aspects of MCDM are often conducted unconsciously and non-transparently. By implementing mathematical methods that have been proved applicable for MCDM, multi-criteria decision-making processes can be handled more consciously and transparently and thus be made reproducible. The calculation method presented allows quantitative sustainability and qualitative indicator values to be accounted for with the level of importance desired. The MCDM method used is Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). As the model has already been described well in the scientific literature and is used frequently, the aim is to illustrate how TOPSIS can be applied for transparent decision-making within the building industry in the context of urban renewal and refurbishment schemes through case studies of various scales and descriptions. The case studies focused on in this paper incorporate a variety of specific prechosen criteria, including environmental performance, functional parameters and technical parameters. The case studies cover different parameters of refurbishment in a major hospital compound in Denmark due to be taken out of operation. One central design decision is whether to refurbish or demolish the old hospital buildings. The results reveal that decision support is first of all dependent on how the decision-making tool is applied and what choices are made in relation to the actual calculations. However, by implementing a mathematically based MCDM method like that being assessed in the case studies presented, the decisions and their arguments become transparent and are easily communicated within a project group. As a result, the tool is considered to be universally applicable across most decision-making contexts within the building industry.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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Huang, Hai-Shen Information Technology & Electrical Engineering Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "An empirical study on the impact of organisational culture and GSS on group decision outcomes." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38720.
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This study examines the impact of organisational culture and GSS (Group Support Systems) on small group decision-making as measured by group decision outcomes. Laboratory experiments were designed to investigate how two types of groups selected on the basis of having apparently different organisational cultures make decisions on a preference task, in situations where they were given one of two different means of support (face-to-face GSS support or manually structured support) to aid their decision-making. Organisational culture and GSS are the independent variables, whilst the dependent outcome variables were perceived decision quality, decision process satisfaction, decision satisfaction, unified commitment, collaborative climate, and group cohesiveness. The research results showed that manually-supported groups, those who were given simple physical decision-support aids and worked face-to-face, had higher perceived decision quality and decision process satisfaction but no significant differences in unified commitment, decision satisfaction, collaborative climate, and group cohesiveness were found when compared to face-to-face GSS???supported groups who were given electronic aids. One of the two groups drawn from environments where organisational culture was expected to be quite different, that is the Kensington Campus group had higher perceived decision quality, decision process satisfaction, unified commitment, and group cohesiveness but no significant differences in decision satisfaction and collaborative climate when compared with groups drawn from a campus of the same university, ADFA (Australian Defence Force Academy) Campus, one which is attended only by military students. Whilst compared with those of manually structured support on group outcomes, the impacts of GSS on group outcomes weakened when they performed a preference task, organisational culture was found to have a significant impact on group outcomes when both face-to-face GSS and manual settings were considered.
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Lopes, Milton E. "Decision interaction processes and decision product quality: a comparative study of a group support system: CyberQuest™ and the nominal group technique." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38273.
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This study's objective was to compare a Group Support System (GSS), i.e., CyberQuest, with the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). Its basic assumption was that discussion outcomes are enhanced by decision interaction processes, the quality of group facilitation, the intensity of group interaction, the effectiveness of the group meeting, and the level of group satisfaction.
The GSS of choice in the study was CyberQuest, which was developed at Virginia Tech by Professor John Dickey. Like most GSS, its purpose is to increase the effectiveness of individual and multiple decision makers. Unlike most GSS which for the most part feature various computerized problem solving tools, CyberQuest adds hypermedia hardware/software systems to stimulative and innovative group facilitation procedures and methodologies.
The unit of analysis was a group meeting. Eight groups of randomly selected Town officials and citizens were asked to develop policy recommendations that address the need to encourage the retention and growth of a mix of retail services in Blacksburg, Virginia. Four groups were exposed to CyberQuest. Four were not; instead they were exposed to a modified version of the NGT. Prior to the administration of the experiment, an expert panel was polled to determine the criteria by which the policy was to be judged.
The results of the experiment were not entirely favorable to CyberQuest sessions. There was no statistically significant difference between CyberQuest and NGT in decision product quality, quality of facilitation, or meeting effectiveness. Only group interaction and group satisfaction gave evidence of any statistically significant difference. There was sufficient evidence to conclude that the former was of greater intensity in CyberQuest driven sessions. On the other hand, there was evidence to conclude that the latter was greater in NGT driven sessions.Ph. D.
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Tan, Hung-Jen. "The meanings of public participation in planning : three case studies in Taiwan." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324452.
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Poliakoff, Nan Karen. "Eliciting the language of decision making through collaborative revision of compositions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28999.
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Written and oral second language pedagogy have undergone a major shift from the traditional focus on form and end-product to a focus on the process of creating meaning. However, recent research indicates that a reliance on process alone is insufficient, and that specific linguistic and knowledge-related demands must be made within a process if second language learners are to develop proficiency in oral and written expository discourse. Interactive decision-making activities in the classroom may present such demands, but the pre-constructed, somewhat artificial tasks typically included in adult ESL classes are generally directed toward the limited goal of stimulating more talk, without verifying their value for generating the language that is cognitively linked to decision-making. While collaborative revision of compositions has been used to aid decision-making during writing, its potential as a language learning activity has not previously been explored.
The current study examines collaborative revision of compositions as a tool for eliciting oral decision-making language in the ESL classroom. Eight adult ESL students participated in two collaborative composition-related tasks and two interactive "constructed decision" activities. Using repeated measures ANOVA, the composition related activities were found to be at least as effective as the constructed decision activities for eliciting decision-making language as measured by five categories of decision-making moves. Qualitative examination of the discourse indicated that the composition activities also offer a context for conscious reinforcement of principles of grammar and rhetoric.
The present results indicate that this activity may offer a natural alternative to pre-constructed decision-making tasks, and in doing so provides a context for the integration of oral and written language learning. In addition, by evaluating the discourse of activities in language terms, this research may help provide a bridge between processes and products not only for writing but for communicative language teaching.Education, Faculty of
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Hunsberger, Carol. "Exploring links between citizen environmental monitoring and decision making three Canadian case examples /." Thesis, Waterloo, Ont. : University of Waterloo, 2004. http://etd.uwaterloo.ca/etd/cahunsbe2004.pdf.
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Thesis (MES)--University of Waterloo, 2004."A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Environmental Studies in Environment and Resource Studies." Includes bibliographical references.
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Stair, Charissa Ruth. "Using Brownfields to Think Green: Investigating Factors that Influence Community Decision-Making and Participation." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/584.
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Brownfield restoration and remediation is a growing concern across the United States. Brownfields are vacant or abandoned properties with real or perceived contamination. Successfully restoring these properties requires strong stakeholder collaboration, including the local community. The purpose of this study was to explore the complexities of creating a community garden on a residential brownfield site located in a low-income, high-minority neighborhood and to gain a better understanding of how a community based project develops and impacts individuals from the community. Specifically, the study investigated who chose to participate in the project, what motivated individuals to become involved and remain committed, and how individual's understanding of the project's risks and plans changed throughout his/her involvement. The case study followed 17 participants through the first year of the Emerson Street Garden, a brownfield restoration project in the King Neighborhood of northeast Portland, Oregon. Findings showed that individuals were attracted to different styles of outreach materials based on their own personality and preferences. The desire to improve the community was an important motivation for all the participants but personal motivation was not connected to knowledge retention. While the Emerson Working Group was successful at distributing knowledge to all its members, individual's flexibility to new ideas was critical for continued involvement in the working group. In conclusion, the study found that a "one-size-fits-all" method for engaging community members in urban restoration and renewal projects does not exist; however, there are best practices that can be applied to most situations. Implications for practice and further research are discussed.
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Wang, Tianyi. "Fan Participation in the Age of Social Media – the Case of Kris Wu’s Fan Group." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385704.
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This thesis aims to explore how fans use social media to participate in activities relatedto the idol, and what is the level of participation of different fans in the fan group. Thisthesis used qualitative research methods – online observations and semi-structured indepth interviews to collect the empirical data, through focusing on the fan group of KrisWu. The theories of Jenkins and Carpentier are also applied to explore and describe theparticipatory practices of fans. By employing the theory of Jenkin’s participatoryculture to the first part of the analysis, the research results show that for the fans, socialmedia plays an important role in their participation, providing fans with a newenvironment to communicate and organize activities. Fan activities can be categorizedinto three major types: online consumption behaviors, fan text productions, and onlinesupporting activities. By applying the political and critical approach of participation, aswell as Carpentier’s four-level analytical model to the second part of the analysis, thisstudy finds that there are three sub-processes related to online fan communities – themanagement subprocess, the activity organization subprocess, and the subprocess oftext production and distribution. In each fan group, there are four different roles of fans– leaders, creators, supporters, and less active fans. Besides, through analyzing theidentities and decision-making moments, it can be said that although each fan isrelatively equal in the whole participatory process, there are still certain power relationsbetween each role of fans, especially in the process of fan group management.
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Spence, James Michael. "A Comparison of Major Factors that Affect Hospital Formulary Decision-Making by Three Groups of Prescribers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157518/.
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The exponential growth in medical pharmaceuticals and related clinical trials have created a need to better understand the decision-making factors in the processes for developing hospital medication formularies. The purpose of the study was to identify, rank, and compare major factors impacting hospital formulary decision-making among three prescriber groups serving on a hospital's pharmacy and therapeutics (P&T) committee. Prescribers were selected from the University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center which is a large, multi-facility, academic oncology hospital. Specifically, the prescriber groups studied were comprised of physicians, midlevel providers, and pharmacists. A self-administered online survey was disseminated to participants. Seven major hospital formulary decision-making factors were identified in the scientific literature. Study participants were asked to respond to questions about each of the hospital formulary decision-making factors and to rank the various formulary decision-making factors from the factor deemed most important to the factor deemed least important. There are five major conclusions drawn from the study including three similarities and two significant differences among the prescriber groups and factors. Similarities include: (1) the factor "pharmacy staff's evaluation of medical evidence including formulary recommendations" was ranked highest for all three prescriber groups; (2) "evaluation of medications by expert physicians" was ranked second for physicians and midlevel providers while pharmacists ranked it third; and (3) the factor, "financial impact of the treatment to the patient" was fifth in terms of hospital formulary decision-making statement and ranking by all three prescriber groups. Two significant differences include: (1) for the hospital-formulary decision making statement, "I consider the number of patients affected by adding, removing, or modifying a drug on the formulary when making hospital medication formulary decisions," midlevel providers considered this factor of significantly greater importance than did physicians; and (2) for the ranked hospital formulary decision-making factor, "financial impact of treatment to the institution," pharmacists ranked this factor significantly higher than did physicians. This study contributes to a greater understanding of the three prescriber groups serving on a P&T committee. Also, the study contributes to the body of literature regarding decision-making processes in medicine and specifically factors impacting hospital formulary decision-making. Furthermore, this study has the potential to impact the operational guidelines for the P&T committee at the University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center as well as other hospitals.
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Roen, Tomas Alfred. "Changes in global governance : the case of the G20." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17947.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The 2008 global economic crisis marks the beginning of considerable systemic changes in global governance. The ‘Group of 20’ (G20), which entered the centre stage of global governance in response to the crisis, may be seen as both a result of and as a vehicle for those changes. Representing some 85 per cent of the global economy the group has the potential to alter the international order almost by stealth. Hence, there is good reason for undertaking a deeper examination of its role in and impact on global governance. This study critically examines some of the changes in global governance embodied – and brought about – by the G20. By using analytical tools from the critical theory of Robert Cox and constructivism, it studies changes in three dimensions of global governance: the material, the institutional and the ideational, so as to achieve a holistic understanding of the nature of the changes taking place within global governance. In so doing, the study sheds light on the role of the G20 in global governance, the impact of the group on global cooperation and the nature of the shift in global governance that it represents.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die 2008 globale ekonomiese krisis kan as die begin van aansienlike sistemiese veranderinge in globale regeerkunde beskou word. Die 'Groep van 20' (G20), wat in reaksie op die krisis ’n sentrale rol in globale regeerkunde ingeneem het, kan as beide 'n resultaat en drywer van hierdie veranderinge gesien word. Die groep verteenwoordig ongeveer 85 persent van die globale ekonomie, en het dus die potensiaal om grootskaalse verandering in die internasionale orde te weeg te bring. Dit is dus belangrik om die groep se rol in globale regeerkunde meer deeglik te ondersoek. Deur gebruik te maak van analitiese metodes wat gebasseer is op die kritiese teorie van Robert Cox asook konstruktivisme, ondersoek hierdie studie veranderinge in drie dimensies van globale regeerkunde. Materiële en institusionele veranderinge, asook veranderinge binne die dimensie van idees, word geïdentifiseer met die oog op 'n meer holistiese begrip van die aard van die veranderinge. Die studie werp daardeur lig op die rol van die G20 in globale regeerkunde, die groep se impak op globale samewerking, en die aard van die magsverskuiwing in globale regeerkunde wat dit verteenwoordig.
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Sisley, J. D. "Group decision making : A preference mapping approach." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373203.
Full textBooks on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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McCutcheon, Gail. Developing the curriculum: Solo and group deliberation. White Plains, N.Y: Longman Publishers USA, 1995.
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McCutcheon, Gail. Developing the curriculum: Solo and group deliberation. White Plains, N.Y: Longman Publishers USA, 1995.
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McCutcheon, Gail. Developing the curriculum: Solo and group deliberation. Troy, NY: Educator's International Press, Inc., 2002.
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Sofia, Cristina. Gruppi e opinion leadership: Impatti sociali sulle politiche locali. Milano, Italy: FrancoAngeli, 2004.
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Schafer, Mark. Groupthink versus high-quality decision making in international relations. New York: Columbia University Press, 2010.
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A, Guidry John, ed. Engaging the community in decision making: Case studies tracking participation, voice and influence. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2009.
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Reesi, Lepa, ed. Engaging interest groups in decision-making processes. Tallinn: PRAXIS Center for Policy Studies, 2004.
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Reesi, Lepa, ed. Engaging interest groups in decision-making processes. Tallinn: PRAXIS Center for Policy Studies, 2004.
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Lockett, Alan Geoffrey. An application of judgmental modelling in the social services. Manchester: Manchester Business School, 1993.
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author, Fan Peng 1980, ed. Zhongguo shi gong shi xing jue ce: "kai men" yu "mo he". Beijing: Zhongguo ren min da xue chu ban she, 2013.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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Schaefer-Di Maida, Stefanie, Julian Laabs, Maria Wunderlich, Robert Hofmann, Henny Piezonka, Patric-Alexander Kreuz, Shikharani Sabnis, Jan Piet Brozio, Caitriona Dickie, and Martin Furholt. "Scales of Political Practice and Patterns of Power Relations in Prehistory." In Perspectives on Socio-environmental Transformations in Ancient Europe, 257–339. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53314-3_9.
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AbstractPolitical practices are fundamental for co-existence in human groups, yet the systematic investigation of such practices within prehistoric societies is still very much pending. Relevant discussions are often limited to cases of obvious asymmetric power relations and the alleged establishment of elites. In order to fill this complex gap in the current discussion we take a systematic approach exploring the nature and organisation of prehistoric power relations, decision-making and conflict resolution. We investigate changes in political practices through a diachronic set of case studies from prehistoric west Eurasia, examining the impact of these changes on the overall transformative processes of prehistoric sociality.Here, we explore a set of parameters in five case studies from prehistoric Eurasia in order to characterise power relations and to reconstruct political negotiation and decision-making processes that constitute political practices. The case studies exhibit socio-political complexity in a variety of forms, encompassing a wide range of situations from Mesolithic Siberia, LBK Vráble Slovakia, Neolithic Pile-dwellings Switzerland, Copper Age Tripolye Ukraine, Neolithic and Bronze Age Schleswig-Holstein, to Iron Age Greece. As archaeological proxies, eight parameters have been identified as markers of political practice to be used as a comparative framework: community site, conformity/diversity, (critical) resource access and distribution, network configurations, organisation of decision-making, property rights, (violent) conflict and resolution, and knowledge.In this chapter we aim to develop a systematic approach for the analysis of political practices in order to enable the identification of patterns of power relations within the prehistory of Eurasia. This way we will develop a long-term perspective on transformations of these practices at a geographical macro scale.
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Kioupkiolis, Alexandros, and Νaya Tselepi. "Transformative Commons and Education in Greece. Τhree Case Studies." In Educational Commons, 235–55. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51837-9_13.
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AbstractThis chapter offers a summary account of three case studies conducted in Greece by the research team of Aristotle University, in 2021–2023, in the context of the Horizon 2020 research project SMOOTH. The studies considered practices of commoning in diverse educational settings from the perspective of their transformative effects and their contribution to the democratic empowerment of young students in the classroom and beyond. In two cases, in the private institutions of the School of Nature (kindergarten) and the Big Bang School (elementary school) in Thessaloniki, activities of educational commons were experimentally pursued by the researcher and the staff as part of the research project. At the other site, the informal Solidarity School Mesopotamia in Moschato, Athens, the case study combined observation of existing practices with limited intervention through focus groups and interviews. Despite their critical divergences, the studies corroborate our main research thesis: the enactment of educational commons, however limited and constrained, addresses inequalities and can instil radical democratic habits in young students. Beyond this broad finding, the three studies pivot around different aspects and dynamics of educational commoning, which this chapter sets out to highlight and critically discuss. The commons-based organization and the alter-political nature of the Solidarity School generate considerable transformative effects which are reflected markedly in the ambiance of teaching and learning. A culture of equal freedom, solidarity and civic engagement refashions the hegemonic habitus of consumerist individualism, passivity and submission to socio-political hierarchies. The two other studies at the School of Nature and the Big Bang School, in which the methodology of sociocracy proved to be a good practice fostering educational commons, further developed core insights of relevant research: the role of teachers as ‘companions’ promoted children’s autonomy, while collective decision-making with consent educated young people in peer governance, cultivating collective consciousness and building a sense of equal power.
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Danielson, Mats, and Love Ekenberg. "Real-Life Case Studies." In Real-Life Decision-Making, 85–98. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003406709-7.
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Tomás, Catarina, Carolina Gonçalves, Juliana Gazzinelli, and Aline Almeida. "Children, Citizenship, and Commons: Insights from Three Case Studies in Lisbon on the 3 C's." In Educational Commons, 195–211. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51837-9_11.
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AbstractListening to children in educational settings is vital for establishing inclusive and equitable environments. This approach recognizes children as active agents and contributors to their education, enabling them to express their needs and participate in decision-making processes. By involving children in educational discourse, pedagogical practices can better align with their interests, resulting in more effective, engaging, and democratic learning experiences. The synergy between Childhood Studies and Educational Sciences underscores the necessity of heeding children’s voices to enhance educational quality and foster active citizenship. This chapter presents the findings of the SMOOTH subproject—RED_Rights, Equity, and Diversity in Educational Contexts. It conducted three case studies in Lisbon, Portugal, involving focus groups with children from diverse educational contexts, involving both formal and non-formal settings, between September and October 2022. These studies aimed to explore diverse dimensions of the educational commons concept, including children’s roles as commoners, commoning practices, and communal aspects related to goods and values within educational and community settings. The findings apprise children’s perspectives as citizens and commoners, highlighting their creativity, self-awareness, interests, and active participation in activities. Additionally, they shed light on emotional and expressive reactions and highlight intersectionality issues within these contexts. This research underscores the vital importance of listening to children, ultimately enhancing educational quality, and promoting active citizenship.
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Munier, Nolberto, Eloy Hontoria, and Fernando Jiménez-Sáez. "Group Decision-Making: Case Study – Highway Construction." In Strategic Approach in Multi-Criteria Decision Making, 173–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02726-1_9.
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Munier, Nolberto. "Group Decision-Making Case Study: Highway Construction." In Strategic Approach in Multi-Criteria Decision Making, 169–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44453-1_9.
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Daley, Alison Moriarty. "Birth Control Decision-Making." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner, 133–38. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch28.
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Kamat, Abhijit. "Case Studies: Decision-Making in Practice." In Down Syndrome Screening, 247–64. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-7758-1_12.
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Sikdar, Subhas K., Debalina Sengupta, and Rajib Mukherjee. "Case Studies in Sustainability Decision Making." In Measuring Progress Towards Sustainability, 185–220. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-42719-5_8.
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Beckman, Gary D., and Karl Androes. "Understanding and Engaging Case Studies." In Strategic Decision Making in the Arts, 32–42. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003414483-4.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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Martin, Diana Adela, and Gunter Bombaerts. "Exploring ethical decision-making in group settings with real-life case studies." In 2021 IEEE International Symposium on Ethics in Engineering, Science and Technology (ETHICS). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ethics53270.2021.9632713.
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Granados, C., V. Tena, JA Tame, and C. Mendiola. "DEVELOPMENT OF CASE STUDIES TO IMPROVE ATTITUDINAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP COMPETENCIES: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY WITH STUDENTS FROM TEC DE MONTERREY." In The 7th International Conference on Education 2021. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2021.7150.
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The way in which entrepreneurship is taught has a high impact on students' entrepreneurial capacity. In this sense, there have been several studies that analyze the impact that different forms of teaching have on the development of entrepreneurship skills. Different research indicates, in a general sense, that the more education concerning entrepreneurship, the more entrepreneurship skills are developed. Other studies report that students that were involved in a more practical and reflective educational model, reported greater intentions of undertaking an entrepreneurial experience. However, none of these studies use the development of “case studies” as a means of developing entrepreneurship skills. In this sense, this research project proposes an experimental study, with a control group of 30 students and three intervention groups of 90 students (from fifth semester forward), in order to measure the impact that the development of real entrepreneurs case studies (either of success or failure) had on students. All of this, in order to improve the attitudinal competencies of: (i) problem analysis mentality before proposing early solutions, ii) mentality of testing low-cost solutions before investing, and (iii) data-driven decision-making mentality rather than intuition. Results suggest that there were noticeable improvements in the soft skills learned by the students. There was a percentage change in the results of the intervention groups in comparison with the control group (even when the control group also registered improvements). Further studies may test this intervention in different settings or measure other soft/hard skills using the same intervention. Keywords: educational innovation, higher education, entrepreneurship, competencies, experiential learning, case studies
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Castells Sanabra, Marcel·la, CLAUDIA BARAHONA-FUENTES, CLARA BORÉN, ROSA M. FERNANDEZ-CANTI, ANNA MUJAL-COLILLES, ROGER CASTELLS-MARTÍNEZ, and ELISABET MAS DE LES VALLS. "QUANTIFYING AND IDENTIFYING CAUSES OF ABSENTEEISM IN MARITIME STUDIES: A CASE STUDY AT BARCELONA SCHOOL OF NAUTICAL STUDIES." In Maritime Transport Conference. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Iniciativa Digital Politècnica, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/mt.13181.
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Absenteeism at the university level can be attributed to a multitude of factors. Some of these factors are academic self-perception, attitudes towards teachers, or academic performance. Others are more closely associated with work-related absenteeism, including stress, group size, commitment, and job satisfaction. In Spain, an increase of absenteeism has been noted at university level, particularly after the Covid crisis, making it one of the primary challenges that require attention. Due to the particularities and specific requirements of the Maritime Education and Training (MET) system, this study aims to quantify the current level of absenteeism and identify its main causes at the Barcelona School of Nautical Studies (FNB-UPC). This study represents the initial phase of the teaching innovation project ASAP-UPC, which focuses on redesigning teaching methodologies to minimise absenteeism in polytechnic study programs. Students and lecturers are asked about their interest in attending classes, skill development throughout their FNB-UPC experience, and their perception of the skills required for a maritime career. Information is gathered through both online surveys and in-person interviews. Results indicate that absenteeism occurs not only in class attendance but also in participation in various university activities, partly due to the change in habits caused by the pandemic. A significant number of students express dissatisfaction with in-person classes, claiming that they are overly theoretical and lack the expected balance between theory, experimental practice, and problem-solving components. These findings hold significance for FNB-UPC lecturers and decision-making bodies, as they highlight areas that can be improved to offer a more useful experience to our students. Moreover, the outcomes of this research can potentially be applied to other Maritime Education and Training Institutions (METIs).
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Liu, Xinyang, and Pingfeng Wang. "Value of Information for Continuous Monitoring Systems in Recurrent Maintenance Decision Scenarios." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-71021.
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Abstract Monitoring systems play a crucial role in improving system failure resilience and preventing tragic consequences brought by unexpected system failure and saving the consequential high cost. Continuous monitoring systems have been applied to diversified systems for well-informed operations. Although plenty research has devoted to predicting system states using the continuous data flow, there still lacks a systematic decision-making framework for system designers and engineering system owners to maximize their benefits on adopting monitoring systems. This paper constructs such a decision-making framework, with which system owners can evaluate the operation cost change under specific operation modes considering the effectiveness of continuous monitoring systems in predicting system failures. Two case studies have been conducted to illustrate the value evaluation of the monitoring information and the system maintenance process with the aid of different prognostic results based on the monitoring data. The first case study considers a health-state prediction with fixed accuracy while the second one incorporates the accuracy improvement as the monitoring data accumulates. Results show that the value of monitoring systems will be influenced by the deviation among the equipment group, the accuracy of system-state prediction, and different types of cost involved in the operating process. And the adjustment of maintenance actions based on monitoring and prognosis information will help improve the value of monitoring systems.
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Silva, Luciano, Heraldo Borges, and Bruno Futema. "Space Syntax in an idiorrhythmical conglomerate: the case of Jardim Piratininga, São Paulo, Brazil." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6286.
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This article is the result of a partnership between the research group Urban Issues: Design, Architecture, Planning and Landscape - Q.URB, and the Group of Studies of the Urban Form in Brazil - FU.bá, both of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of Mackenzie Presbiterian University. It aims to contribute to urban design alternatives in the Jardim Piratininga neighborhood, located in the East Zone of the Municipality of São Paulo, and to offer subsidies for future Urban Intervention Projects (PIU), since this area was defined, by the 2012 Strategic Master Plan, as Special Zone of Social Interest - ZEIS. It is hypothesized that the study area, considered as an emerging urban fabric stratum and lacking in a large part of its area of basic urbanization infrastructures, holds in itself the potential for a future re-adaptation and complementation of its roadway. The methodology that will be used in the analytical approach of the urban form, known as Space Syntax, seeks to provide: support for decision making; tools to calibrate these decisions; evaluate proposed scenarios; as well as combining other methods and tools. This methodology seeks to confirm something we already know - the need to complete ‘mesh design’ in urbanized areas that have, in contemporary cities, a different constitution from that observed in more sedimented and stable areas (traditional city). As a result, possibilities of transformation of the roadway will be presented according to diverse scenarios, but based on the dynamics of the place itself, and also with the surrounding urban fabric.
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Bjerkås, Johnny, Karsten Fischer, Ferdinando Perna, Anke S. Wendt, Devendra Kumar, Waldemar Szemat-Vielma, Mohammad Jahangir, and David Simons. "Liberating Subsurface Models for Use in Well Construction: A Step-Change in Decision Making." In SPE Offshore Europe Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215592-ms.
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Abstract Recently, significant advances have been made in integrating subsurface and drilling domains through digital means. One of the key technologies facilitating this integration is the Open Group Subsurface Data Universe (OSDU) data platform that aims to standardize data management and facilitate data sharing across the oil and gas industry. By leveraging the OSDU Data Platform, subsurface models and data can be liberated from traditional silos and made accessible for various applications in well construction. Access to accurate live subsurface data throughout the well construction process reduces project uncertainties, resulting in better plans, more efficient operations, and reduced emissions. Subsurface data form the basis for well planning and informed decisions during drilling. The most typical subsurface data relevant for the well construction process are well targets, formation tops, mechanical earth models, and geological risks. Traditionally, the data exchange between subsurface and drilling departments has often been individually triggered and executed manually which may have been time-consuming, prone to errors, and may have led to delays in decision-making and to operational inefficiencies. The liberation of data to a cloud store and the enabling of direct access to the data using dedicated cloud services provides a significant opportunity for a step-change in efficiency, data management, cost optimization, and project adherence. The shared environment facilitates a seamless and quick turnaround of relevant data during the well construction process, especially as plans evolve. Improved integration allows for the subsurface and drilling teams to collaborate effectively, make agile adjustments to plans, identify risks, and access the most relevant data in real-time. As new information becomes available, it can be promptly integrated into the planning process allowing for sensitivity evaluations of well trajectory geometries, and drilling practices in the context of the subsurface constrains (faulting, weak formations, and data acquisition requirements). This leads to improved turnaround times, faster decision-making, and a more responsive approach to evolving well construction requirements. Ultimately this cross-domain integration drives successful drilling campaigns by optimizing well paths and placements, mud weights, mud properties, drilling parameters and a decreased environmental impact. In this paper, we describe the motivation and the procedures for successful data liberation and workflow integration. Benefits obtained by using the OSDU and dedicated cloud services are outlined with the focus on the integration of domains and organizations, i.e., from subsurface to drilling and from operator to service provider. The impact of this integration is demonstrated by the results of several case studies.
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Senefonte, Helen C. de Mattos, Thiago H. Silva, and Ricardo Lüders. "Predicting mobility patterns based on profiles of social media users: tourists case study." In Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2023.234454.
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Studies based on traditional data sources like surveys, for instance, offer poor scalability. The experiments are limited, and the results are restricted to small regions (such as a city or a state). The use of location-based social network (LBSN) data can mitigate the scalability problem by enabling the study of social behavior in large populations. When explored with Data Mining and Machine Learning techniques, LBSN data can be used to provide predictions of relevant cultural and behavioral data from cities or countries around the world. The main goal of this work is to predict and explore user behavior from LBSNs in the context of tourists’ mobility patterns. To achieve this goal, we propose PredicTour, which is an approach used to process LBSN users’ check-ins and to predict mobility patterns of tourists with or without previous visiting records when visiting new countries. PredicTour is composed of three key blocks: mobility modeling, profile extraction, and tourist’ mobility prediction. In the first block, sequences of check-ins in a time interval are associated with other user information to produce a new structure called "mobility descriptor”. In the profile extraction, self-organizing maps and fuzzy C-means work together to group users according to their mobility descriptors. PredicTour then identifies tourist’ profiles and estimates their mobility patterns in new countries. When comparing the performance of PredicTour with three well-known machine learning-based models, the results indicate that PredicTour outperforms the baseline approaches. Therefore, it is a good alternative for predicting and understanding international tourists’ mobility, which has an economic impact on the tourism industry, particularly when services and logistics across international borders should be provided. The proposed approach can be used in different applications such as recommender systems for tourists, and decision-making support for urban planners interested in improving both the tourists’ experience and attractiveness of venues through personalized services.
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Lobut, Beyza, and Emre Artun. "Machine-Learning Based Selection of Candidate Wells for Extended Shut-In Due to Fluctuating Oil Prices." In SPE EuropEC - Europe Energy Conference featured at the 84th EAGE Annual Conference & Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214353-ms.
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Abstract Fluctuations in oil prices adversely affect decision making situations in which performance forecasting must be combined with realistic price forecasts. In periods of significant drops in the prices, shutting in wells for extended durations such as 6 months or more may be considered for economic purposes. For example, prices during the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic forced operators to consider shutting in all or some of their active wells. In the case of partial shut-in, selection of candidate wells may evolve as a challenging decision problem considering the uncertainties involved. In this study, a mature oil field with a long (50+ years) production history with 150+ wells is considered. Reservoirs with similar conditions face many challenges related to economic sustainability such as frequent maintenance requirements and low production rates. We aimed to solve this decision-making problem through unsupervised machine learning with the help of the data obtained during production. Average reservoir characteristics at well locations, well performance statistics and well locations are used as potential features that could characterize similarities and differences among wells. After a multivariate data analysis that explored correlations between all parameters, K-means clustering algorithm was used to identify groups of wells that are similar with respect to aforementioned features. Using the field’s reservoir simulation model, scenarios of shutting in different groups of wells were simulated. 3 years of forecasted reservoir performance was used for economic evaluation that assumed an oil price drop to $30/bbl for 6, 12 or 18 months. Results of economic analysis were analyzed to identify which group of wells should have been shut-in by also considering the sensitivity to different price levels. It was observed that well performances can be easily characterized in the 3-cluster case as low, medium and high performance wells. Analyzing the forecasting scenarios showed that shutting in all or high- and medium-performance wells altogether during the downturns results in better economic outcomes. The results were most sensitive to the oil price during the high-price era. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of unsupervised machine learning in well classification, particularly for the problem studied. Operating companies may use this approach for selecting wells for extended durations of shut-in in periods of low oil prices.
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Drossinou Korea, Maria. "Steps towards the adulthood of students with autism and individual sessions of special education and training (SET) at the University." In 9th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade - Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.09.07065d.
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On a theoretical basis, it is known that people with autism face more difficulties and the same is true among university students. According to psychological and pedagogical theories these difficulties are characterized as complex cognitive, emotional and social and can have long-term consequences, such as dropping out of university and unemployment. Understanding the challenges students with autism face can help institutions better support this group while allowing them to take small steps toward adulthood through the opportunities offered by higher education. In the methodology we met fifteen students with autism following the targeted individual structured integration interventions of special education and training they received at the University using the pedagogical principles of Targeted, Individual Structured Integration Interventions of Special Education and Training (TISIPIf [SET]). They participated in semi-structured interviews and discussions about their metacognitive skills and experiences of support in higher education. In the context of the implementation of the Action “Supporting Social Care Interventions for Students of the Agricultural University of Athens, with OPS Code 5045556”, thirteen [13] response protocols were received from [ten men and three women with MA aged 25.8 years]. From the University of Peloponnese, two protocols were completed by a man and a woman with MA aged 23.2 years]. The interviews were subjected to fundamental thematic analysis. In the results from the discussions and interviews of the students with autism, three main themes were identified that were given meaning in the present study as small steps towards adulthood. Relationships with others [1], independence in decision-making [2] and support in their individual study method [3]. While each of these included positive and negative elements, the relationships were described as connecting all data of metacognitive skills leading to adulthood. When relationships with professors and fellow students were supportive, complex cognitive, emotional, and social difficulties were said to be “nonexistent”. But when characterized by stigmatizing attitudes, students faced much greater difficulties at university.
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Ibrahim, Marzia, and Anusha Sharma. "The National Coalition on the Education Emergency - Building Macro-Resilience in Response to the Pandemic." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.7438.
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The pandemic has caused the near collapse of the already weak Indian public education system. Prolonged school closures along with caste, gender, and economic marginalisation are forcing children to endure malnutrition, physical and mental health challenges, child labour, and early marriages, in addition to learning deprivation. The system’s response has not reached the grassroots. NGOs across the country provide services at the ground level, but national-level coordination is insufficient. This paper studies the National Coalition on the Education Emergency (NCEE), established by individuals and groups from across India, as a case of building macro-resilience, emphasising principles of equity, universal access, humane education, decentralised decision-making, and public investment. Through a critical examination of the work done by the NCEE on curating curricular resources (OERs), conducting and compiling research studies, developing policy tracking tools, networking with partners and collaborators, creating larger awareness, social mobilisation, advocacy and interacting with governments to inform their programs and policies, the paper will discuss challenges in the Indian education system and the attempts to address them within a federal state structure. It looks at why an integrated nationwide response to the crisis is necessary.
Reports on the topic "Group decision making – Case studies"
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Mai Phuong, Nguyen, Hanna North, Duong Minh Tuan, and Nguyen Manh Cuong. Assessment of women’s benefits and constraints in participating in agroforestry exemplar landscapes. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21015.pdf.
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Participating in the exemplar landscapes of the Developing and Promoting Market-Based Agroforestry and Forest Rehabilitation Options for Northwest Vietnam project has had positive impacts on ethnic women, such as increasing their networks and decision-making and public speaking skills. However, the rate of female farmers accessing and using project extension material or participating in project nurseries and applying agroforestry techniques was limited. This requires understanding of the real needs and interests grounded in the socio-cultural contexts of the ethnic groups living in the Northern Mountain Region in Viet Nam, who have unique social and cultural norms and values. The case studies show that agricultural activities are highly gendered: men and women play specific roles and have different, particular constraints and interests. Women are highly constrained by gender norms, access to resources, decision-making power and a prevailing positive-feedback loop of time poverty, especially in the Hmong community. A holistic, timesaving approach to addressing women’s daily activities could reduce the effects of time poverty and increase project participation. As women were highly willing to share project information, the project’s impacts would be more successful with increased participation by women through utilizing informal channels of communication and knowledge dissemination. Extension material designed for ethnic women should have less text and more visuals. Access to information is a critical constraint that perpetuates the norm that men are decision-makers, thereby, enhancing their perceived ownership, whereas women have limited access to information and so leave final decisions to men, especially in Hmong families. Older Hmong women have a Vietnamese (Kinh) language barrier, which further prevents them from accessing the project’s material. Further research into an adaptive framework that can be applied in a variety of contexts is recommended. This framework should prioritize time-saving activities for women and include material highlighting key considerations to maintain accountability among the project’s support staff.
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Connell, Michael. Iranian Operational Decision Making: Case Studies from the Iran-Iraq War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada585872.
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Margerum, Richard. Regional Transportation and Land Use Decision Making in Metropolitan Regions: Findings from Four Case Studies. Portland State University Library, February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/trec.60.
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Gaskins, James Y. A Case Study of Small Group Decision-Making as Influenced by the Abilene Paradox: The 'Challenger' Mishap. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada202102.
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English, M., S. Schexnayder, J. Altman, and M. Schweitzer. Making a difference: Ten case studies of DSM/IRP interactive efforts and related advocacy group activities. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10160467.
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Kim, Hyekyung, Jingjing Zhang, Joshua Sperling, Erik Shuster, Nicolas Stauff, Anthony Armaly, William Jenson, et al. Fossil Fuel Transitions Framework: Case studies of the decision-making process for energy and economic development pathways. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2352471.
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A, Bengolea, Chamorro F, Ozon N, Catalano HN, and Izcovich A. Effectiveness and safety of utilizing imaging techniques to guide treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism. Epistemonikos Interactive Evidence Synthesis, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/ies.2b03926263.v1.
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Objective The objective of this systematic review is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of imaging to determine the duration of anticoagulant treatment in patients with thrombosis of any cause (idiopathic, resolved secondary or chronic) who have completed a period of 3 to 6 months of oral anticoagulant treatment. Methods In order to identify randomized clinical trials that evaluate our question of interest, we performed exhaustive searches in Epistemonikos and PubMed, from the date of creation of each source until February 2024. Additionally, we considered additional sources to identify trials that may not have been identified through electronic search. Two reviewers independently selected included studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We performed a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) and prepared summary tables of findings as recommended by the GRADE group. The results of this review were presented to a team of clinical experts from the medical clinic service of the German Hospital of Buenos Aires, who analyzed and made judgments for each of the proposed criteria within the framework of the evidence for the decision. After making judgments for each criterion, the experts formulated the clinical recommendation for the problem of interest. Result Through the search strategy, 514 references were identified and examined by title and abstract. Of these, 17 references were included for full-text evaluation. Finally, 2 randomized clinical trials were included. The evidence on the use of CT or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with thromboembolic events of any type is very uncertain. The evidence on the use of tomography or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with idiopathic thromboembolic events secondary to transient and/or chronic risk factors (patients with cancer) is very uncertain. Clinical recommendation The medical clinic service of the German Hospital [link_recommendation|recommendation](does not recommend using image-guided strategies to suspend anticoagulant treatment in patients with thromboembolisms) (CONDITIONAL RECOMMENDATION AGAINST, VERY LOW CERTAINTY IN THE EVIDENCE). Conclusions In this systematic review, we explored the usefulness of using imaging (tomography or venous Doppler) to determine the continuity of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with venous thrombosis. However, the evidence derived from the included studies has very low certainty.
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A, Bengolea, Chamorro F, Ozon N, Catalano HN, and Izcovich A. Effectiveness and safety of utilizing imaging techniques to guide treatment in patients with venous thromboembolism. Epistemonikos Interactive Evidence Synthesis, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/ies.2b03926263.
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Objective The objective of this systematic review is to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of imaging to determine the duration of anticoagulant treatment in patients with thrombosis of any cause (idiopathic, resolved secondary or chronic) who have completed a period of 3 to 6 months of oral anticoagulant treatment. Methods In order to identify randomized clinical trials that evaluate our question of interest, we performed exhaustive searches in Epistemonikos and PubMed, from the date of creation of each source until February 2024. Additionally, we considered additional sources to identify trials that may not have been identified through electronic search. Two reviewers independently selected included studies, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We performed a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) and prepared summary tables of findings as recommended by the GRADE group. The results of this review were presented to a team of clinical experts from the medical clinic service of the German Hospital of Buenos Aires, who analyzed and made judgments for each of the proposed criteria within the framework of the evidence for the decision. After making judgments for each criterion, the experts formulated the clinical recommendation for the problem of interest. Result Through the search strategy, 514 references were identified and examined by title and abstract. Of these, 17 references were included for full-text evaluation. Finally, 2 randomized clinical trials were included. The evidence on the use of CT or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with thromboembolic events of any type is very uncertain. The evidence on the use of tomography or venous Doppler to determine the duration of anticoagulation in patients with idiopathic thromboembolic events secondary to transient and/or chronic risk factors (patients with cancer) is very uncertain. Clinical recommendation The medical clinic service of the German Hospital [link_recommendation|recommendation](does not recommend using image-guided strategies to suspend anticoagulant treatment in patients with thromboembolisms) (CONDITIONAL RECOMMENDATION AGAINST, VERY LOW CERTAINTY IN THE EVIDENCE). Conclusions In this systematic review, we explored the usefulness of using imaging (tomography or venous Doppler) to determine the continuity of treatment with oral anticoagulants in patients with venous thrombosis. However, the evidence derived from the included studies has very low certainty.
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Schreiner, Clara. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0006533.
Full textAbstract:
This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), in association with the Korean Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. The case study includes the experience of the city of Rio de Janeiro in smart city initiatives, focusing mainly on Rio Operations Center Project-COR. The methodology was based on field research, site visits, publications, and interviews held with representatives of local government of the City of Rio de Janeiro. The report addresses the city backdrop, the main urban challenges, the history of digital initiatives, and their evolution over time. For the Rio Operations Center, the general model of participation, organizational aspects, the keys functions, the monitored events, the mechanisms for access, dissemination of information, and the decision-making process are described, as well as the typologies of existing systems and their integration with COR. The study concludes that it is a successful model with a high degree of maturity, and that sharing the experience of Rio de Janeiro with other cities is very important. However, the model needs to continue evolving and rely on strong institutional support so that Rio de Janeiro's population can increasingly enjoy the benefits of technological innovations applied to the city's daily challenges.
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Kwon, Heeseo Rain, HeeAh Cho, Jongbok Kim, Sang Keon Lee, and Donju Lee. International Case Studies of Smart Cities: Orlando, United States of America. Inter-American Development Bank, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0007015.
Full textAbstract:
This case study is one of ten international studies developed by the Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements (KRIHS), in association with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), for the cities of Anyang, Medellin, Namyangju, Orlando, Pangyo, Rio de Janeiro, Santander, Singapore, Songdo, and Tel Aviv. At the IDB, the Competitiveness and Innovation Division (CTI), the Fiscal and Municipal Management Division (FMM), and the Emerging and Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) coordinated the study. This project was part of technical cooperation ME-T1254, financed by the Knowledge Partnership Korean Fund for Technology and Innovation of the Republic of Korea. At KRIHS, the National Infrastructure Research Division coordinated the project and the Global Development Partnership Center provided the funding. As an international destination for theme parks, sporting events and conventions, Orlando approaches the smart city operation through Orlando Operations Center (OOC), an integrated facility established in 2001 by the Mayor after the 1997 hurricane. The major features of the integrated operation include the sharing of fiber optic networks and CCTV cameras, and close cooperation between transport, police and fire departments for road, criminal and disaster incident, and the emergency operation center within the OOC taking the lead in case of special event management and large-scale natural disasters. Along with the OOC, the city hall also utilizes smart city functions such as red light violation enforcement through detectors, bus management through AVL technology, GPS garbage truck tracking, and GIS water management. Orlando has experienced significant benefits in terms of shortened decision-making and response time, reduced operation cost, and improved environmental impacts, as well as enhanced service quality and communication with citizen.