Relevant bibliographies by topics / Group cohesion

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Group cohesion'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Group cohesion"

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Greer, Lindred L. "Group Cohesion." Small Group Research 43, no. 6 (September 20, 2012): 655–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496412461532.

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Ohlert, Jeannine, Chloé Kleinknecht, and Jens Kleinert. "Group cohesion reworded: measuring group cohesion perceptions in sport." Sportwissenschaft 45, no. 3 (April 14, 2015): 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12662-015-0364-1.

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Steen, Sam, Elaina Vasserman-Stokes, and Rachel Vannatta. "Group Cohesion in Experiential Growth Groups." Journal for Specialists in Group Work 39, no. 3 (June 10, 2014): 236–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01933922.2014.924343.

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Prapavessis, Harry, and Albert V. Carron. "The Effect of Group Cohesion on Competitive State Anxiety." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 18, no. 1 (March 1996): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.18.1.64.

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One purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cohesion and competitive state anxiety (A-state). If a cohesion-competition A-state relationship was obtained, the second purpose was to determine whether the perceived psychological benefits and/or psychological costs of cohesiveness mediate that relationship. In order to examine these issues, a sample of interactive sport-team athletes (N = 110) completed the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ; Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985) and items related to the perceived psychological benefits and costs of membership in cohesive groups. In addition, athletes completed the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory–2 (CSAI-2; Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990) prior to competition. Results showed that cohesion was related to A-state responses (p < .004). Specifically, individuals holding higher perceptions of task cohesion reported less cognitive A-state. Results also showed that psychological costs associated with membership on cohesive teams mediates the cohesion–A-state relationship.
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Summers, Irvin, Terry Coffelt, and Roy E. Horton. "Work-Group Cohesion." Psychological Reports 63, no. 2 (October 1988): 627–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.2.627.

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Work-group cohesion has been closely related to a number of variables as the present survey suggests. The content can be useful in teaching, developing research, instrument development, and exploring the hypothesized relations.
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Byrnes, Hilary F., Brenda A. Miller, Beth Bourdeau, and Mark B. Johnson. "Impact of Group Cohesion Among Drinking Groups at Nightclubs on Risk From Alcohol and Other Drug Use." Journal of Drug Issues 49, no. 4 (September 8, 2019): 668–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022042619859257.

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Although protective strategies are implemented within drinking groups, alcohol and other drugs (AOD) use may increase when protective strategies are in place. Being in a cohesive group could lead to a false sense of security, leading to more risk taking. This study examines whether club patrons perceiving greater group cohesion implement fewer protective strategies and use more AOD. The sample includes 815 club patrons (44.2% female; M age = 27.7, SD = 6.0 years) arriving in 324 groups, from seven clubs hosting electronic music dance events, across 30 evenings. Anonymous surveys, biological measures of alcohol (entry and exit) and drugs (exit only), were used. Results show that group cohesion relates to fewer strategies to keep themselves and their group safe and fewer actions responding to group AOD problems. Group cohesion was unrelated to AOD use. Findings suggest that prevention strategies should incorporate influences of group cohesion in engaging patrons in group safety strategies at clubs.
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Martin, Luc J., Albert V. Carron, Mark A. Eys, and Todd Loughead. "Children’s perceptions of cohesion." Sport & Exercise Psychology Review 7, no. 1 (February 2011): 11–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpssepr.2011.7.1.11.

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The general purpose of the two studies reported here was to examine perceptions of team cohesiveness in children aged 9 to 12 years. In Study 1, focus groups were used to examine individual perceptions of cohesion from the perspective of group integration – the group as a totality. In Study 2, open-ended questionnaires were used to examine individual perceptions of cohesion from the perspective of individual attractions to the group. The results showed that children as young as nine years understand the phenomenon known as cohesion. They can discuss the group as a totality, the characteristics of cohesive and non-cohesive teams, and identify the major factors attracting them to and maintaining their involvement in the group. Also, the ability to clearly distinguish between task and social cohesion is present. The results provide insight into the world of child sport and emphasise the importance of group cohesion, affiliation, and other social constructs in children’s involvement and adherence to sport groups.
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Evans, Charles R., and Kenneth L. Dion. "Group Cohesion and Performance." Small Group Research 22, no. 2 (May 1991): 175–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1046496491222002.

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Burlingame, Gary M., Addie Fuhriman, and Jennifer E. Johnson. "Cohesion in group psychotherapy." Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training 38, no. 4 (2001): 373–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.373.

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Burlingame, Gary M., Debra Theobald McClendon, and Jennifer Alonso. "Cohesion in group therapy." Psychotherapy 48, no. 1 (2011): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0022063.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Group cohesion"

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von, Zimmermann Jorina Helena. "The mechanics of group cohesion." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10041803/.

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Human history is inherently social and the study of groups is fundamental for understanding what it means to be human. Why do we form groups? How do we make sure that groups remain cohesive social entities and do not fall apart? It is the central aim of this thesis to explore the relationship between individuals and groups with a focus on the mechanisms which produce group cohesion. Researchers from different disciplines agree that studying group cohesion is paramount for understanding group dynamics. Here, group cohesion is not approached in relation to its structural properties, but the focus is directed towards its affective and social components. One of the premises is that cohesion plays a crucial role in the process of group formation. While group cohesion is often discussed in relation to social identity and other higher order cognitive processes, findings from the behavioural coordination literature suggest that there is also a physical dimension to group cohesion. Synchronous actions experienced between pairs or small groups of people have been reported to have pro-social consequences, such as increased liking or cooperation, and to create feelings of unity and similarity between people. However, to this date not many researchers have analysed the role of behavioural coordination or synchrony for the emergence and maintenance of cohesion in larger groups. This thesis aims to contribute to a now growing field, looking at this relationship. Novel data is presented, which shows that synchronous behaviour can have positive effects on levels of intragroup affiliation and unity. Group synchrony is portrayed as an important mechanism, which can enhance and signal cohesion in groups. The positive and negative social consequences of group cohesion are discussed and a novel and innovative research paradigm is presented, which has been developed to aid with the scientific investigation of intra- and intergroup dynamics.
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Bott, Kristie Lynn, and Michele Dawn Reed. "The effects of new members on perceived group cohesion." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1929.

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Soboroff, Shane Drew. "Group size and the trust, cohesion, and commitment of group members." Diss., University of Iowa, 2012. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3536.

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This research investigated the relationship between group size and the process of trust, cohesion, and commitment formation in joint-task groups. Specifically, the theory proposes that groups with greater six members will produce lower trust, cohesion, and commitment than those smaller than six members. Theory was developed linking group size to these processes through the mechanism of anticipated mutual perception, the amount an individual considers what others are thinking about them. Two experimental studies test the impact of anticipated mutual perception on interpersonal influence and trust, cohesion, and commitment. Study 1 tested the impact of being able to see a partner and closeness to a partner on a partner's level of influence over participants. Participants were more influenced by partners they could see than by partner's who were separated from the participant by place or time. Status differences also affected influence, even when partners were absent, having left information for use by participants. Study 2 investigated how group size affected participant reports of interpersonal trust, cohesion, and commitment to other group members. Results suggest that members of larger groups had lower commitment to other group members, and that groups larger than six members were negatively associated with levels of trust reported by group members. Further, measures used to isolate aspects of anticipated mutual perception were shown to affect the development of interpersonal trust, cohesion, and commitment, in support of the theory. Group cohesion was found to vary with expectations of competence. These expectations significantly predicted measures of shared awareness capturing aspects of anticipated mutual perception, possibly offsetting negative effects of increasing group size. Study 2 also found evidence that group members prefer to work with groups made up of 4-6 members, consistent with the theory. This research has implications for the ways in which organizations structure group work. This research suggests that the size of the group as well as the characteristics of individuals and their interaction partners may affect how people form cohesive relationships. Trust is an important aspect of groups that promotes cooperation, commitment, and collective identity formation. Further, this research supports a growing literature on the ways that micro-interaction promotes commitment to organizations by promoting or detracting from attributions of positive sentiment to smaller, nested groups within those organizations.
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Geidner, Nicholas William. "The Role of Perceived Voluntary Group Cohesion on Participation in Voluntary Groups." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306774369.

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Raymond, Martin R. (Martin René). "The relationship between team success and within-group differences in group cohesion." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35221.

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This study investigated the within-group differences in ice-time and experience with the team in task cohesion perceptions of college hockey players and their relationship with team performance success. One hundred and seventy-one male hockey players between the age of seventeen and twenty-two years, representing ten teams, answered the two task portions of the Group Environment Questionnaire, as well as a question concerning their feelings regarding the amount of ice-time received during games. The data was analysed using a 3 x 2 ANOVA for success by ice-time and success by experience with the team for each of the two measures of task cohesion. The results showed the more successful teams to be most cohesive, but significant (p $<$.05) within-group differences were only found among the veterans and rookies of the least successful teams. It was concluded that within-group differences in cohesion exist in teams of low levels of success, but that highly and moderately successful teams do not experience the phenomenon. Teams success may be the determinant of the existence of within-group differences in task cohesion.
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Kozma, Radoslav. "Siberian jay friendship test : A study on group cohesion." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Populationsbiologi och naturvårdsbiologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-154100.

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Group and family living is an integral part of many animals’ ecology. Thus the behavior became associated with plenty of advantages as well as disadvantages. However, rarely has the actual concept of the group been investigated. Questions such as, “What constitutes a ‘group’?” and “Do the individuals within these ‘groups’ associate with each other frequently enough to actually enjoy the benefits of group living?” are seldom asked. With these questions in mind, the aim of this study was to use Siberian jay (Perisoreus infaustus) individuals in their territories to explore and shed more light on the issue of the extent of group living. A working definition of a ‘group’ was made and subsequently the birds were observed in their natural habitat in northern Sweden during several seasons. Consequently, a pair-wise coherence index (CI) was created to quantify the levels of association between the individuals within each territory in order to investigate which possible factors affect the extent of the observed cohesion. Results of the study indicate that pair-wise cohesion was strongly dependent on the kinship of the birds. Moreover, it was found that the alpha and kin birds had significantly higher coherence values than the non kin birds. Thus, within a territory, it was the alpha and the kin birds that formed the core of the group with the non kin birds being much less associated with the other individuals. This was in contrast to the hypothesis, which predicted alpha birds to form the core of the group solely, with kin birds having significantly lower coherence. Interestingly, no effect of habitat type and season was found on the cohesion of the territorial group. Moreover, further evidence of sub-grouping was found even on the kinship level, thus suggesting yet more complex interplay between group cohesion and the group members.  All in all, with the non kin birds having low coherence values, the study casts light on the fact that even if individuals are present in a territory, they might not necessarily be a tight unit and as such be unable to fully benefit from group living.
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Reed, Kelly Layne. "An exploration study of the relationship between effectiveness of filial therapy training groups and group cohesion." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9832/.

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This study examined the relationship of group cohesion among heterogeneous and homogeneous groups on individual treatment outcome of child-parent relationship therapy (CPRT). CPRT is a filial therapy model that targets the parent-child relationship as a means for preventing or improving child and/or family problems. This study included 30 parents or caregivers from 9 groups which met for 10 sessions. Participants qualified for this study if their groups ended with at least 3 group members and 2 leaders, all pretest and posttest data on their child between the ages of 2-11 was completed, and if they attended at least 6 of the 10 sessions. Correlation coefficients, t-tests, and effect sizes were calculated. Results demonstrated no statistically significant differences between pretests and posttests on the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) for all 30 participants; however, differences in measured effect (η2) between children identified with borderline and clinical behavior problems and children with normal behavior problems suggest that CPRT is more effective among children who demonstrate significant behavior problems. Perceived and observed group cohesion measurements demonstrated no significant difference at the individual outcome level. This finding suggests that group cohesion may not be related to individual outcome. Although there was no significant relationship between group cohesion and individual outcome for this study, results of the group measurements regarding engagement and group cohesiveness, coupled with previous studies on CPRT effectiveness, suggest that CPRT should be utilized in homogeneous groups.
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Chapman, Christopher L. "Clinical Prediction in Group Psychotherapy." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2144.

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Prior research in individual therapy has provided evidence that therapists are poor predictors of client outcome without the aid of objective measures and often misjudge clients' perceptions of the therapeutic relationship. The focus of the current research was to conduct a similar study in a group setting. Therapists from a university counseling center and a state psychiatric hospital were recruited to test their accuracy in predicting client outcome, quality of therapeutic relationship and their own use of empirically supported group interventions. Results indicated that therapists are poor predictors of all three, providing support for the implementation of measure-based feedback systems to inform therapists about key information that may affect the effectiveness of group psychotherapy.
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DiPillo, Kaija A. "Diversity, Cohesion, and Groupthink in Higher Education: Group Characteristics and Groupthink Symptoms in Student Groups." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1558780869354439.

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Khatamian, Far Parisa. "Group cohesion and collaborative information behaviour: An exploration of student experiences of university group work." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2363.

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Modern organisations heavily rely on using interdisciplinary teams to accomplish intellectually demanding tasks. The advent of the World Wide Web, the advancements in communication technological tools and easy access to high volumes of information through the Web provide expanded capacity for individuals to work together and fulfil their shared goal but true collaboration is far from straightforward. Teamwork skills are identified as a desirable and distinguishing attribute of the graduates whom employers seek to employ. Accordingly, higher education institutions lay particular emphasis on developing students’ collaborative skills by designing and incorporating group projects into courses. The findings of relevant research demonstrate that employers are still not satisfied with the newly-hired graduates’ performance and students also reflect negative attitudes towards university group work. In this regard, scholars attempt to gain a through and deep understanding of individuals’ collaborative information behaviour when working in group settings and identify the factors that can impact on this process. This research, guided by the primary question of ‘How does group cohesion shape students’ collaborative information behaviour over the duration of group tasks?’ sought to explore the development of cohesion in student groups which has been widely recognised as an influential element in motivating group members to work collectively. Through a series of supporting research questions addressing the role that task cohesion, social cohesion and perceived cohesion play in students’ collaborative information behaviour, the work also aimed to find out how different dimensions of cohesion can have an impact on the way students make sense of the group task components, search for information and use information to accomplish group projects. This study took a qualitative approach and used Straussian grounded theory methodology to collect and analyse the data. Data collection was conducted by taking an in-depth interview approach through 10 semi-structured focus group sessions with student participants recruited from an Australian university who were undertaking project units as part of their degrees across any number of discipline areas over two successive semesters. Data was analysed using open, axial and selective coding following the Strauss and Corbin approach. Constant comparison of similarities and differences in the data enabled the researcher to elaborate on the identified concepts in terms of their properties and dimensions. This study resulted in rich description of how different dimensions of group cohesion emerged and developed in student groups over the duration of completing the group task and its association with students’ collaborative and individual information behaviour practices. Results suggest that task cohesion exerted more meaningful impact on group process and outcomes in comparison with other aspects of cohesion. It was found that students’ collaborative information behaviour activities are shaped by their perceptions of group task cohesion developed through adopting shared leadership style, the level of task complexity and interdependence and group members’ composition in terms of similarity in aspirations and academic capability. With regard to social cohesion, familiarity was identified as a factor which had immediate impact on students’ feelings of attraction and liking towards the group which did not persist over time as it fell under the influence of group members’ commitment and active involvement in group task activities. Task cohesion was then recognised as an antecedent of social cohesion in student groups and participants’ interpretation of social cohesion was based on experiencing comfortable feeling with group members instead of developing collective sense of closeness and friendship. Experiencing such a feeling within the group plays a more influential role in motivating students to communicate easily and sharing their ideas In terms of perceived cohesion, the findings of this study indicated that students in this particular sample did not intend to develop a sense of belonging and attachment to the group. They were of the mindset that once they complete their group task, the group would be disbanded so there is no potential benefit of developing such a feeling in university group context. This study highlighted the role of task design and its features on students’ collaboration as well as their choice of communication method throughout the group’s lifespan. At the early stages of the group project, the level of collaboration for identification of needed information to create a shared focus and define the project’s problem statement was heavily dependent upon the nature of the assessment task and its perceived complexity. Individual information searching was also identified as a common characteristic among all the research participants in this study but the structure of the assessment task determined the level of collaboration among members in regard to sharing information and evaluating the retrieved information in terms of relevancy and credibility. The evaluation and use of information sources to fulfil group task requirements was seen to be a collaborative activity in similar research studies but the findings from this study showed that groups assigned a highly structured task did not feel a need to have regular communication because their sub-tasks were not so much related to each other. This finding suggests that the outcomes of collaboration are not what most academics expect them to be as too little emphasis placed on the role of the task and more on the scale of the work to be delivered. The key finding of this research is that the group ‘task’ drives the behaviours of students, as individuals and as a group member, and that assigning students a project to do as a group that is too large to be done individually will not drive genuine collaboration. This research suggests an addition to the Input, Mediator, Output, Input (IMOI) model that includes a Task Calibration step by academic staff, to define the primary outcome of any given assessment task as either ‘collaboration’ or ‘product’, rather than the hope that collaboration takes place in order to deliver a big product. This shows that true collaboration would not take place by assigning students a large-scale group project; instead the tasks should be designed and structured in a way to drive and reward collaboration
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Books on the topic "Group cohesion"

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Salo, Mikael. The relation between sociometric choices and group cohesion. Alexandria, VA: U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 2006.

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The group effect: Social cohesion and health outcomes. London: Springer, 2009.

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Office, Home. Building cohesive communities: A report of the Ministerial Group on Public Order and Community Cohesion. London: Home Office, 2001.

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Office, Home. Building cohesive communities: A report of the Ministerial Group on Public Order and Community Cohesion. London: Home Office, 2001.

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Widmeyer, W. Neil. The measaurement of cohesion in sport teams: The group environment questionaire. London, Ontario, CANADA: Sports Dynamics, 1985.

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Pauw, H. C. Social cohesion: Is it possible in a diverse society? Port Elizabeth, South Africa: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008.

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Wilmot, James, Dexter Phillip, and Chidester David, eds. Whatholdsustogether: Social cohesion in South Africa. Pretoria: Human Sciences Research Council, 2003.

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Johnson, Catherine. Improving social skills, self-esteem and group cohesion: An action research case study. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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Woodward, Roland. Therapy evaluation decisions by therapeutic community staff in relation to resident perception of group cohesion. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1989.

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Woodward, Roland. Therapy evaluation decisions by therapeutic community staff in relation to resident perception of group cohesion. [Guildford]: [University of Surrey], 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Group cohesion"

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Oliver, Emily J. "Group cohesion." In Sport Psychology, 105–18. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-01429-0_8.

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Gersbach, James. "Group cohesion." In The War Cry in the Graeco-Roman World, 37–54. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003280439-4.

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Horák, Miroslav, and Nahanga Verter. "Group Cohesion." In Substance Use Disorders Treatment in Therapeutic Communities, 277–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16459-0_15.

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Dion, Karen Kisiel, and Mai B. Phan. "Ethnic Group Ties, Inter-group Threat, and Ethnic Self-identity." In Multiculturalism and Social Cohesion, 49–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9958-8_2.

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Bruhn, John. "The Concept of Social Cohesion." In The Group Effect, 31–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0364-8_2.

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Harpine, Elaine Clanton. "Group Cohesion: The Therapeutic Factor in Groups." In Group-Centered Prevention Programs for At-Risk Students, 117–40. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7248-4_9.

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Carchiolo, V., M. Grassia, A. Longheu, M. Malgeri, and G. Mangioni. "Group Cohesion Assessment in Networks." In Complex Networks XI, 16–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40943-2_2.

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Dion, Kenneth L., Karen Kisiel Dion, and Rupa Banerjee. "Discrimination, Ethnic Group Belonging, and Well-Being." In Multiculturalism and Social Cohesion, 69–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9958-8_3.

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Dong, Linying, and Bharat Shah. "Emotional Communication Efficacy, Group Cohesion, and Group Performance." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Human-centric Computing 2011 and Embedded and Multimedia Computing 2011, 539–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2105-0_47.

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Bruhn, John. "Social Cohesion as a Mediator of Health Outcomes." In The Group Effect, 145–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0364-8_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Group cohesion"

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Renoust, Benjamin, Guy Melancon, and Marie-Luce Viaud. "Measuring Group Cohesion in Document Collections." In 2013 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence (WI) and Intelligent Agent Technologies (IAT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wi-iat.2013.53.

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Cimpan, Bogdan. "GROUP COHESION IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." In 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b23/s7.044.

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Renoust, Benjamin, Guy Melançon, and Marie-Luce Viaud. "Assessing group cohesion in homophily networks." In ASONAM '13: Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2013. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2492517.2492619.

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Guerrero, Katerine, and Jorge Finke. "Dynamics of group cohesion in homophilic networks." In 2017 IEEE 56th Annual Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2017.8263988.

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Gouardères, Eric, and Guy Gouardères. "Enhancing Group Cohesion in Virtual Communities of Practice." In 2011 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conferences on Web Intelligence (WI) and Intelligent Agent Technologies (IAT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wi-iat.2011.186.

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Sharma, Garima, Shreya Ghosh, and Abhinav Dhall. "Automatic Group Level Affect and Cohesion Prediction in Videos." In 2019 8th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction Workshops and Demos (ACIIW). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aciiw.2019.8925231.

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Amelio, A., and C. Pizzuti. "Analyzing Voting Behavior in Italian Parliament: Group Cohesion and Evolution." In 2012 International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2012.33.

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Walsh, Kenneth R., Sathiadev Mahesh, and Cherie C. Trumbach. "Achieving Group Cohesion using Information Technology Tools: A Systems Perspective." In 2008 40th Southeastern Symposium on System Theory (SSST). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssst.2008.4480259.

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Tong, Hui. "Study on the Group Cohesion Force in Collaborative Knowledge Building Activity." In 2019 10th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itme.2019.00125.

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Lin, Yuan, and Nicole Abaid. "Bats Versus Bugs: Collective Behavior of Prey Decreases Predation in a Biologically-Inspired Multi-Agent System." In ASME 2013 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2013-3816.

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In this paper, we establish an agent-based model to study the impact of collective behavior of a prey species on the hunting success of predators inspired by insectivorous bats and swarming insects, called “bugs”. In the model, we consider bats preying on bugs in a three-dimensional space with periodic boundaries. The bugs follow one of the two regimes: either they swarm randomly without interacting with peers, or they seek to align their velocity directions, which results in collective behavior. Simultaneously, the bats sense their environment with a sensing space inspired by big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) and independently prey on bugs. We define order parameters to measure the alignment and cohesion of the bugs and relate these quantities to the cohesion and the hunting success of the bats. Comparing the results when the bugs swarm randomly or collectively, we find that collectively behaving bugs tend to align, which results in relatively more cohesive groups. In addition, cohesion among bats is induced since bats may be attracted to the same localized bug group. Due to the fact that bats need to hunt more widely for groups of bugs, collectively behaving bugs suffer less predation compared to their randomly swarming counterparts. These findings are supported by the biological literature which cites protection from predation as a primary motivator for social behavior.
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Reports on the topic "Group cohesion"

1

Salo, Mikael. The Relation between Sociometric Choices and Group Cohesion. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada460549.

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Oliver, Laurel W. The Relationship of Group Cohesion to Group Performance: A Research Integration Attempt. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada199069.

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Bradford, Joe, Itzhak Shainberg, and Lloyd Norton. Effect of Soil Properties and Water Quality on Concentrated Flow Erosion (Rills, Ephermal Gullies and Pipes). United States Department of Agriculture, November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613040.bard.

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Concentrated flow erosion in rills, pipes, ephermal gullies, and gullies is a major contributor of downstream sedimentation. When rill or gullies form in a landscape, a 3- to 5-fold increase in soil loss commonly occurs. The balance between the erosive power of the flow and the erosion resistance of the bed material determines the rate of concentrated flow erosion. The resistance of the bed material to detachment depends primarily on the magnitude of the interparticle forces or cohesion holding the particles and aggregates together. The effect of soil properties on bed material resistance and concentrated flow erosion was evaluated both in the laboratory and field. Both rill erodibility and critical hydraulic shear were greater when measured in 9.0 m long rills under field conditions compared with laboratory mini-flumes. A greater hydraulic shear was required to initiate erosion in the field compared to the mini-flume because of the greater aggregate and clod size and stability. Once erosion was initiated, however, the rate of erosion as a function of hydraulic shear was greater under field conditions because of the greater potential for slaking upon wetting and the greater soil surface area exposed to hydraulic shear. Erosion tests under controlled laboratory conditions with the mini-flume allowed individual soil variables to be studied. Attempts to relate rill erosion to a group soil properties had limited success. When individual soil properties were isolated and studied separately or grouped separately, some trends were identified. For example, the effect of organic carbon on rill erodibility was high in kaolinitic soils, low in smectitic soils, and intermediate in the soils dominated by illite. Slow prewetting and aging increased the cohesion forces between soil particles and decreased rill erodibility. Quick prewetting increased aggregate slaking and increased erodibility. The magnitude of the effect of aging depended upon soil type. The effect of clay mineralogy was evaluated on sand/clay mixtures with montmorillonite (M), Illite (I), and kaolinite (K) clays. Montmorillonite/sand mixtures were much less erodible than either illite or kaolonite sand mixtures. Na-I and Na-K sand mixtures were more erodible than Ca-I and Ca-K due to increased strength from ionic bonding and suppression of repulsive charges by Ca. Na-M was less erodiblethan Ca-M due to increased surface resulting from the accessibility of internal surfaces due to Na saturation. Erodibility decreased when salt concentration was high enough to cause flocculation. This occurred between 0.001 mole L-1 and 0.01 mole L-1. Measuring rill erodibility in mini-flumes enables the measurement of cohesive forces between particles and enhances our ability to learn more about cohesive forces resisting soil detachment under concentrated water flow.
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Blazakis, Jason, and Colin Clarke. From Paramilitaries to Parliamentarians: Disaggregating Radical Right Wing Extremist Movements. RESOLVE Network, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2021.2.

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The global far right is extremely broad in nature and far from monolithic. While the “far right” is often used as an umbrella term, using the term runs the risk of over-simplifying the differences and linkages between white supremacist, anti-immigration, nativist, and other motivating ideologies. These beliefs and political platforms fall within the far-right rubric, and too often the phrase presents a more unified image of the phenomena than is really the case. In truth, the “far right” and the individual movements that comprise it are fragmented, consisting of a number of groups that lack established leadership and cohesion. Indeed, these movements include chauvinist religious organizations, neo-fascist street gangs, and paramilitary organs of established political parties. Although such movements largely lack the mass appeal of the interwar European radical right-wing extreme, they nevertheless can inspire both premeditated and spontaneous acts of violence against perceived enemies. This report is intended to provide policymakers, practitioners, and the academic community with a roadmap of ongoing shifts in the organizational structures and ideological currents of radical right-wing extremist movements, detailing the difference between distinct, yet often connected and interlaced echelons of the far right. In particular, the report identifies and analyzes various aspects of the broader far right and the assorted grievances it leverages to recruit, which is critical to gaining a more nuanced understanding of the potential future trajectory of these movements.
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Sarofim, Samer, and Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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Sarofim, Samer, and Aly Tawfik. Creating Safer Communities for the Use of Active Transportation Modes in California: The Development of Effective Communication Message Strategy for Vulnerable Road Users. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2030.

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Despite increased efforts to improve safety in recent years (e.g., the Focus Cities Program in California), California continues to have a high rate of pedestrian and bicyclist fatalities. Currently, the state currently lacks a cohesive messaging strategy to improve behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclist traffic safety practices. To fulfill this need, this research showcases the differential effect of message framing on attitudes and intended behaviors related to pedestrian and cyclists traffic safety practices. This project investigated factors & risky behaviors contributing to accidents involving vulnerable road users, preventive measures to decrease accidents involving vulnerable road users, and more. The qualitative analysis presented a significant lack of coherent, long-term, evidence-based communication strategies that aimed at enhancing the safety of vulnerable road users in California. Quantitatively, this research also experimentally investigated various messages, employing different time horizons and regulatory focus message framings. Findings indicate that the messages with a limited time horizon tend to be associated with better safety perceptions and attitudes than messages with an expansive time horizon. California transportation authorities, professionals, and advocacy groups will be able to use this information to effectively allocate the communication effort and spending to induce attitudinal and behavioral change that can impact the safety of active transportation modes.
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7

Ginzberg, Idit, and Walter De Jong. Molecular genetic and anatomical characterization of potato tuber skin appearance. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587733.bard.

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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) skin is composed of suberized phellem cells, the outer component of the tuber periderm. The focus of the proposed research was to apply genomic approaches to identify genes that control tuber skin appearance - smooth and shiny skin is highly preferred by the customers while russeted/netted skin potatoes are rejected. The breeding program (at Cornell University) seeks to develop smooth-skin varieties but has encountered frequent difficulties as inheritance of russeting involves complementary action by independently segregating genes, where a dominant allele at each locus is required for any degree of skin russeting. On the other hand, smooth-skin varieties frequently develop unsightly russeting in response to stress conditions, mainly high soil temperatures. Breeding programs in Israel aimed towards the improvement of heat tolerant varieties include skin quality as one of the desired characteristics. At the initiation of the present project it was unclear whether heat induced russeting and genetically inherited russeting share the same genes and biosynthesis pathways. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that russeting might result from increased periderm thickness, from strong cohesion between peridermal cells that prevents the outer layers from sloughing off, or from altered suberization processes in the skin. Hence, the original objectives were to conduct anatomical study of russet skin development, to isolate skin and russeting specific genes, to map the loci that determine the russet trait, and to compare with map locations the candidate russet specific genes, as well as to identify marker alleles that associated with russet loci. Anatomical studies suggested that russet may evolve from cracking at the outer layers of the skin, probably when skin development doesn’t meet the tuber expansion rate. Twodimensional gel electrophoresis and transcript profiling (cDNA chip, potato functional genomic project) indicated that in comparison to the parenchyma tissue, the skin is enriched with proteins/genes that are involved in the plant's responses to biotic and abiotic stresses and further expand the concept of the skin as a protective tissue containing an array of plantdefense components. The proteomes of skin from heat stressed tubers and native skin didn’t differ significantly, while transcript profiling indicated heat-related increase in three major functional groups: transcription factors, stress response and protein degradation. Exceptional was ACC synthase isogene with 4.6 fold increased level in the heat stressed skin. Russeting was mapped to two loci: rusB on chromosome 4 and rusC on chromosome 11; both required for russeting. No evidence was found for a third locus rusA that was previously proposed to be required for russeting. In an effort to find a link between the russeting character and the heat-induced russeting an attempt was made to map five genes that were found in the microarray experiment to be highly induced in the skin under heat stress in the segregating russet population. Only one gene was polymorphic; however it was localized to chromosome 2, so cannot correspond to rusB or rusC. Evaluation of AFLP markers tightly linked to rusB and rusC showed that these specific alleles are not associated with russeting in unrelated germplasm, and thus are not useful for MAS per se. To develop markers useful in applied breeding, it will be necessary to screen alleles of additional tightly linked loci, as well as to identify additional russet (heat-induced and/or native) related genes.
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RESEARCH PRIORITIES: Western Balkans Snapshot. RESOLVE Network, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/rp2020.1.wb.

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Amidst the evolving threat of violent extremism (VE) worldwide, the Western Balkans face substantial challenges to social cohesion and stability. As elsewhere, narratives of religious, far right, and nationalist militancy resonate with vulnerable youth populations in Western Balkan countries where a history of ethnic, religious, and civil strife created a situation vulnerable to terrorist recruitment at home and abroad. Individuals who traveled to fight alongside violent extremist organizations abroad are returning to their home countries following the territorial losses of extremist groups in Syria and Iraq. At the same time, ethno-nationalist extremism continues to gain traction and expand across the region. While some of these topics have received increased attention in the current body of literature, others remain under-researched. Existing research topics also require more field research and deeper conceptual foundation. The resulting gaps in our collective understanding point to the need for further research on evolving social and VE dynamics in the Western Balkans. More rigorous and grounded research, in this regard, can help inform and improve efforts to prevent and counter violent extremism (P/CVE) in the region. In 2019, the RESOLVE Network convened local and international experts to discuss research gaps and develop a preliminary list of research priorities for P/CVE moving forward in the Western Balkans. The topics identified in this Research Priorities Snapshot reflect their collective expertise, in-depth understanding, and commitment to continued analysis of VE trends and dynamics in the region.
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