Dissertations / Theses: 'Groundwater flow'

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Uliana, Matthew Martin. "Delineation of regional groundwater flow paths and their relation to structural features in the Salt and Toyah basins, Trans-Pecos Texas /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000.
Vita. Two folded maps in pocket. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-213). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

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Marklund, Lars. "Topographic Control of Groundwater Flow." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Mark- och vattenteknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11153.

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Gravity is the main driving force for groundwater flow, and both landscape topography and geology distribute the effects of gravity on groundwater flow. The groundwater table defines the distribution of the potential energy of the water. In humid regions where the bedrock permeability is relatively low and the soil depth is sufficiently shallow, the groundwater table closely follows the landscape topography and, thus, the topography controls the groundwater circulation in these regions. In this thesis, I investigate multi-scale topography-controlled groundwater flow, with the goal of systematizing the spatial distribution of groundwater flow and assessing geological parameters of importance for groundwater circulation. Both exact solutions and numerical models are utilized for analyzing topography-controlled groundwater flow. The more complex numerical models are used to explore the importance of various simplifications of the exact solutions. The exact solutions are based on spectral representation of the topography and superpositioning of unit solutions to the groundwater flow field. This approach is an efficient way to analyze multi-scaled topography-controlled groundwater flow because the impact of individual topographic scales on the groundwater flow can be analyzed separately. The results presented here indicate that topography is fractal and affects groundwater flow cells at wide range of spatial scales. We show that the fractal nature of the land surface produces fractal distributions of the subsurface flow patterns. This underlying similarity in hydrological processes also yields a single scale-independent distribution of subsurface water residence times which have been found in distributions of solute efflux from watersheds. Geological trends modify the topographic control of the groundwater circulation pattern and this thesis presents exact solutions explaining the impact of geological layering, depth-decaying and anisotropic hydraulic conductivity on the groundwater flow field. For instance, layers of Quaternary deposits and decaying permeability with depth both increase the importance of smaller topographic scales and creates groundwater flow fields where a larger portion of the water occupies smaller and shallower circulation cells, in comparison to homogeneous systems.
Gravitationen är den mest betydelsefulla drivkraften för grundvattenströmning. Topografin och geologin fördelar vattnets potentiella energi i landskapet. Grundvattenytans läge definierar vattnets potentiella energi, vilket är ett randvillkor för grundvattnets strömningsfält. I humida områden med en relativt tät berggrund och tillräckligt tunna jordlager, följer grundvattenytan landskapets topografi. Därav följer att grundvattenströmningen är styrd av topografin i dessa områden. I denna avhandling belyser jag den flerskaliga topografistyrda grundvattenströmningen. Min målsättning har varit att kvantitativt bestämma grundvattenströmningens rumsliga fördelning samt att undersöka hur olika geologiska parametrar påverkar grundvattencirkulationen. Jag har använt såväl numeriska modeller som analytiska lösningar, för att undersöka hur topografin styr grundvattenströmningen. De numeriska modellerna är mer komplexa än de analytiska lösningarna och kan därför användas för att undersöka betydelserna av olika förenklingar som finns i de analytiska lösningarna. De analytiska lösningarna är baserade på spektralanalys av topografin, samt superponering av enhetslösningar, där varje enhetslösning beskriver hur en specifik topografisk skala påverkar grundvattnets strömningsfält. Detta är ett effektivt tillvägagångssätt för att undersöka flerskaliga effekter av topografin, eftersom påverkan av varje enskild topografisk skala kan studeras separat. Resultaten som presenteras indikerar att topografin är fraktal och att den ger upphov till cirkulationsceller av varierande storlek som även dessa är av en fraktal natur. Denna grundläggande fördelning i grundvattnets strömningsfält ger upphov till att grundvattnets uppehållstid i marken följer ett självlikformigt mönster och kan förklara uppmätta tidsvariationer av lösta ämnens koncentrationer i vattendrag efter regn. Geologiska trender påverkar hur grundvattenströmningen styrs av topografin. De exakta lösningar som presenteras här, beskriver hur geologiska lager samt djupavtagande och anisotropisk hydraulisk konduktivitet påvekar grundvattnets strömning. Exempelvis är betydelsen av mindre topografiska skalor viktigare i områden med kvartära avlagringar och en berggrund med djupavtagande konduktivitet, än i områden med homogen bergrund utan kvartära avlagringar. Dessutom är en större andel strömmande vatten belägen närmare markytan i de förstnämnda områdena.
QC 20100802

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Poley, David Gordon 1966. "A groundwater monitoring program based upon a groundwater flow model." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278296.

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This thesis concerns a groundwater modeling study south of Tucson, Arizona where 10,000 acre-feet of Central Arizona Project water may be annually recharged. South and west of the site are the Santa Cruz River and the Tohono O'odham Indian Nation. Well fields to the immediate east, west and south supply water to the City of Tucson and to farming and copper mining corporations. Operation of the corporate well fields has lead to a water table depression just west of the site. The purpose of the model is to understand of the most probable groundwater flow regime in light of aquifer recharging and groundwater mining. The model serves to compare groundwater conditions with previous investigations. Lack of data precluded the construction of a model capable of producing reliable predictive results. Hydrogeologic data gathered provide a foundation for future modeling studies. Insufficient data serve as indicators of present groundwater monitoring deficiencies.

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Hansen, Douglas Dale. "Analytic modeling of leakage in confined aquifer systems /." Diss., ON-CAMPUS Access For University of Minnesota, Twin Cities Click on "Connect to Digital Dissertations", 2002. http://www.lib.umn.edu/articles/proquest.phtml.

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Radell, Mary Jo. "Three-dimensional groundwater flow model use and application Bishop Basin, Owens Valley, California /." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1989. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1989_192_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Esposito, David M. "Criteria and methods of analysis for regulation for interference between wells." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_140_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Doolen, Matthew Louis. "Sensitivity Analysis Methods and Results for Tucson Water's Central Wellfield Groundwater Flow Model, Tucson Basin, Southeastern Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0087_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Jacobson, Elizabeth A. "A statistical parameter estimation method using singular value decomposition with application to Avra Valley aquifer in southern Arizona." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_230_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Colarullo, Susan J. "Identification of an optimal ground water management strategy in a contaminated aquifer." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1988_602_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Lang, Patrick Timothy. "Simulation of groundwater flow to assess the effects of groundwater pumping and canal lining in the Mesilla Basin of Dona Ana County, New Mexico and El Paso County, Texas." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0225_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Mayenna, Amena Moth. "Crank-Nicolson Galerkin model for nonlinearly coupled macrophase and microphase transport in the subsurface." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2008/a_mayenna_063008.pdf.

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Liao, Boshu. "Analytical and numerical analysis of LNAPL migration and LNAPL thickness estimation in unconfined aquifers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32846.

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Garcia, Christina Amanda. "Vertical tritium transport from the shallow unsaturated zone to the atmosphere, Amargosa Desert Research Site, Nevada." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1446436.

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Holland, Martin. "Groundwater resource directed measures in karst terrain with emphasis on aquifer characterisation in the cradle of humankind near Krugersdorp, South Africa." Pretoria: [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08122008-093747.

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Shafike, Nabil Girgis. "Groundwater flow simulations and management under imprecise parameters." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1994_103_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Jones, Michael Allen, and Michael Allen Jones. "MODXX- A new modular groundwater flow model." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626897.

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MODXX is a computer program for groundwater flow modeling, based on the U. S. Geological Survey standard, MODFLOW (McDonald and Harbaugh, 1988). All capabilities of MODFLOW are preserved, and existing MODFLOW simulations will run as MODXX simulations. In addition, MODXX offers an assortment of new options and features for advanced users. MODXX also provides a more flexible modular platform to programmers by permitting the formulation of a wider variety of problems and the use of wider variety of solution techniques.

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Schreuder, Willem A. "Parallel numerical solution of groundwater flow problems." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3207719.

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Herbert, A. W. "Groundwater flow and transport in fractured rock." Thesis, University of Bath, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305317.

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Bota, Liciniu, and Liciniu Bota. "Modeling of groundwater flow and surface/groundwater interaction for upper Cienega Creek Basin." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626917.

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The modular three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) was used to study the hydrology of Upper Cienega Creek. The geological and hydrological characteristics of the basin indicate that the groundwater is contained in an unconfined aquifer. The study focuses on the interaction between groundwater and surface water in Upper Cienega Creek Basin and the surrounding basins (Sonoita and Bobocamari). The steady state analysis simulated the predevelopment conditions of the aquifer, and the transient state analysis, conducted between 1989 and 2002, predicted the response of the aquifer to future stresses. The location of pumpage and the volume of water pumped during the entire transient period resulted in a minimum reduction (1%) of the Cienega Creek stream flow. However, a drawdown of 200 ft located in Sonoita and Elgin area was predicted in the transient simulation. Capture calculations show that the reduction in evapotranspiratiou partially balanced the volume of water lost as result of pumping.

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Doyle, Jessica. "Integrating environmental tracers and groundwater flow modeling to investigate groundwater sustainability, Gibsons, BC." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45015.

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Environmental tracers can provide information on groundwater age, recharge conditions and flow processes. This information is useful for evaluating groundwater sustainability and vulnerability by identifying groundwater provenance and information for water budgets. Gibsons, British Columbia is a growing coastal community relying on groundwater to supply drinking water to two thirds of its 4,300 residents. The Town of Gibsons is proud of its untreated groundwater resource and proactive about keeping it protected and sustainable for future generations. Samples of noble gases, tritium, and stable isotopes of oxygen and hydrogen were collected from the aquifer. Tracer results improved the site conceptual model by identifying a previously unknown contribution of mountain block recharge (MBR) and by providing recharge elevation estimates using noble gas thermometry. The updated conceptual model including the mountain block was integrated into a regional three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model calibrated to both hydraulic heads and to recharge elevation, a non-traditional approach to model calibration. This is the first study to use recharge elevation as a calibration target, which proved to be imperative for constraining bedrock geometry and minimizing model non-uniqueness. Tracer and modeling results indicate that groundwater in the Gibsons aquifer contains a mixture of approximately 45% MBR and 55% bench recharge. The MBR component is pre-modern (> 50 years) groundwater that recharged at elevation and cold temperatures (~5°C) and has evolved hydrogeochemistry and high concentrations of excess air (EA; >0.005 ccSTP/g) and ⁴Heterr (>10-⁹ ccSTP/g). Bench recharge is modern (< 10 years) groundwater recharged at low elevations and warm temperatures (~9°C), and has non-evolved hydrogeochemistry and low concentrations of EA (0.001-0.003 ccSTP/g) and ⁴Heterr (<10-⁹ ccSTP/g). Effects of increased pumping due to population growth and decreased recharge rates caused by climate change were assessed by conducting a sensitivity analysis of groundwater flow. Based on the study results, it is recommended to carry out long-term groundwater monitoring; sustainable groundwater use and community involvement are required to ensure groundwater sustainability.

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Groves, Christopher. "Lithologic Controls on Karst Groundwater Flow, Lost River Groundwater Basin, Warren County, Kentucky." TopSCHOLAR®, 1987. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1554.

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The Lost River Groundwater Drainage Basin in Warren County, Kentucky, is a karst drainage system encompassing 55 square miles (143 square kilometers) developed within the Mississippian St. Louis and Ste. Genevieve Limestones. Near the contact between these two formations are two bedded chert units, the Lost River Chert Bed (Elrod, 1899) within the Ste. Genevieve and the Corydon Chert Member (Woodson, 1983) of the St. Louis, which appear to be perching layers to shallow karst groundwater flow. Groundwater may be seen flowing on top of these beds in various cave streams and at swallets and springs throughout the basin. In order to compare the vertical positions of these layers to shallow karst groundwater flow, geologic structure maps of the Lost River Chert Bed and the Corydon Chert Member were prepared for the basin, along with a contour map of the water table (at or near which shallow karst groundwater flow is assumed to take place) over the same area. These surfaces were digitized, then contoured and compared using SURFACE II and DISSPLA computer graphics systems. Correlation was accepted for points where the water table is either 20 feet (6.1 meters above or below the top of the two chert layers. The water table (at baseflow conditions) was found to correlate with the Lost River Chert Bed over 42.6% of the basin, as well as 40.7% for the Corydon Member. Shallow karst groundwater flow is found to correlated with bedded chert layers over 83.3% of the study area, and therefore it is concluded that chert layers have a dominant effect on the vertical position of groundwater flow within the Lost River Groundwater Drainage Basin.

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Winstanley, Daniel John. "Application of hydrogeochemistry to delineate flow in fractured granite near Oracle, Arizona." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1985_41_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Tang, Yi. "Quasi-three-dimensional analysis of groundwater flow and dissolved multicomponent solute transport in saturated porous media." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19289.

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Barlow, Paul M. "The use of temperature as a ground-water tracer in glacial outwash." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1987_522_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Lutz, Alexandra. "Groundwater resource sustainability in West Africa." abstract only (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3275835.

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Vlatsa, Dimitra A. "Stochastic control of groundwater systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19426.

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Mulenga, Sixtus Chileshe. "Groundwater flow through Konkola (Bancroft) copper mine, Zambia." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/42835.

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This thesis describes the results of field based research on the Konkola (Bancroft) underground copper mine groundwater flow problem, in Zambia. Konkola is one of the wettest mines in the world, pumping an average of 360,000 m^/d of water. To understand how groundwater flows into and through the mine and subsequently formulate a long-term cost-effective groundwater management solution, an integrated study of historical and current dewatering and mining records, structural geology, surface hydrology, rock chemistry and groundwater chemistry, was carried out. The results enabled the development of a numerical model, to be used to make groundwater discharge and water level drawdown predictions for future groundwater management decisions. The results obtained clearly reveal that; mine water can be divided into that which originates from surface recharge close to the mine and that which originates from regional aquifers at depth. This has enabled the origin of water in the mine to be essentially established. A considerable percentage of the water entering the mine comes via the Hangingwall Aquifer with its connection to the surface sources of recharge. Flow to the mine is dominated by flow through fractures and fissures which form zones of high conductivity. The flow in these zones can be modelled by finite difference networks. Significant reduction of water inflow into the mine can be achieved by implementing a water-exclusion groundwater management solution.

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Stolp, Bernard Jan. "Determining mean transit times of groundwater flow systems." Thesis, The University of Utah, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3614458.

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Water is the elementary component of life on Earth, and quantifying this resource is critical to understanding ecosystem viability on planetary, continental, and local scales. In a simplified partition of the Earthfs freshwater resources, 75% is ice at the north and south poles, 25% is groundwater, and 0.01% exists in lakes and streams. Mean transit time is a robust description of groundwater volume within the discrete aquifers that together make up the 25% of Earthfs freshwater. Mean transit time can be estimated using environmental tracer concentrations in springs and gaining streams. That is because springs and streams are locations where groundwater flow paths naturally converge. Converging flowpaths create discharge that is a flow]weighted mixture of water from the contributing aquifer. The age of that flow-weighted mixture is a good measure of the mean transit time of water as it discharges from the contributing aquifer. Mean transit time can be directly used to estimate the volume of groundwater storage in the aquifer.

Although simple in principle, there are several important topics that need to be considered when collecting and dating a broad mixture of flow paths. They include 1) the necessity for a basic conceptual perception of the investigated aquifer, 2) the non-conservative aspect of most age-dating environmental tracers once exposed to the atmosphere, and 3) the importance of estimating a transit-time distribution. These specific topics are discussed in this dissertation.

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Griffin, D. J. K. "Upscaling techniques for groundwater flow and transport simulation." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360322.

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Don, Fransiskuge Perera Eranda Chinthaka. "Surface-groundwater flow modelling in the swash zone." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/55223/.

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This research work is aimed at developing a coupled surface-groundwater flow model which can be used to simulate both surface and groundwater flow at the swash zone. The coupled model is then used to investigate the effects of seepage on swash hydrodynamics as well as morphodynamics. The surface flow model was originally developed by Briganti et al. (2012), which solved a system of equations consisting of the Nonlinear Shallow Water Equations and the bed-evolution (Exner) equation with bed shear stress computed using a boundary layer model without seepage developed in Briganti et al. (2011). In this work, a groundwater flow model which solves Laplace's equation following the approach of Li and Barry (2000) is incorporated into the surface flow model, which allows computation of seepage into the bed (infiltration) and out of it (exfiltration). The seepage is then included into the boundary layer models to incorporate the effects of seepage on the bed shear stress. To assess the performance of the surface flow model, dam-break cases are simulated and compared against analytical and quasi-analytical solutions from literature. Firstly, the dam-break case on a fixed bed is simulated and compared against Ritter solution (Stoker, 1957) and then the dam-break case on a mobile bed is verified against Zhu (2012)'s quasi-analytical Riemann solver. Both models show good agreement with their respective reference results. Subsequently, the verification of the groundwater flow model is conducted by simulating phreatic surface flow through a rectangular dam and comparing the results against those of Kazemzadeh-Parsi and Daneshmand (2012). Next, the coupled surface-groundwater flow model is validated by reproducing surface and groundwater flow in the prototype-scale BARDEX II experiment. Firstly, the groundwater flow cases (higher and lower lagoon levels than the initial sea level) without surface water waves are simulated. The comparison of time-averaged numerical phreatic surface elevations against the experimental data shows excellent agreement. Next, the surface water waves are included and the simulations are repeated for the previous two cases. The groundwater comparisons again yield good agreement and the hydrodynamics of the surface waves show reasonably close agreement. Increase in exfiltration is observed to result in an increase in boundary layer thickness, which subsequently results in smaller velocity gradients and a decrease in bed shear stress using exfiltration included BBL model of Cheng and Chiew (1998). Conversely, the increase in infiltration causes a decrease in boundary layer thickness, which results in an increase in bed shear stress using infiltration included BBL model of Chen and Chiew (2004). The model results also show that the boundary layer effect by infiltration is opposed by the 'continuity effect' in the swash zone (Baldock and Nielsen, 2009). The model results show that an increase in infiltration rates is observed to increase slip velocity, and also compares well against the empirical equation derived in Chen and Chiew (2004). Furthermore, the rate of increase (decrease) of bed shear stress due to infiltration (exfiltration) compares favourably against the empirical trend line of Nielsen et al. (2001) and experimental data of Conley (1993). Additionally, the boundary layer model bed shear stress is compared against single swash event bed shear stress results from Kikkert et al. (2013) experiment and shows reasonably good agreement. The boundary layer models can be used to account for seepage effects on bed shear stressfor a larger range of ventilation parameters than Nielsen et al. (2001), which would improve morphodynamical modelling on permeable beds in the swash zone. Finally, the performance of the coupled surface-groundwater model is further investigated by simulating the BARDEX II experiment with a mobile bed. The swash zone water depth compares well with the BARDEX II experimental results. Although the corresponding dataset for velocity is shown to be rather unreliable during backwash, during uprush, the comparison is very close. Using both Meyer-Peter-Müller (MPM) and Grass sediment transport models, similar morphodynamical patterns are observed. The bed change comparisons against experimental results show that the model predicts the same order as well as the same pattern of erosion. However, deposition in the upper swash zone is not predicted by the model which could be due to the presence of significant amounts of suspended sediment which would lead to onshore sediment transport (Pritchard and Hogg, 2005, Zhu and Dodd, 2015) which is not accounted for in the simplified numerical model. The model is shown to be robust and flexible and it is capable of simulating both surface and groundwater flow simultaneously on fixed or evolving bed.

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Humphrey, Steven. "A stochastic approach to a groundwater flow model of southern Honey Lake Valley in Lassen County, CA and Washoe County, NV." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456995.

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Pruneda, Erik Brian. "Use of stream response functions and stella software to determine impacts of replacing surface water diversions with groundwater pumping withdrawals on instream flows within the Bertrand Creek and Fishtrap Creek watersheds, Washington State, USA." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2007/e_pruneda_121907.pdf.

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McBrayer, Mickey Charles. "Calibration of groundwater flow models for modeling and teaching /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Cahn, Lorie Selma. "Development of guidelines for design of sampling programs to predict groundwater discharge." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26178.

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The objective of this study is to develop guidelines for the design of sampling programs to predict groundwater discharge. A method for choosing a preferred sampling strategy from a set of alternatives is presented. A framework is outlined, in the form of an objective function, that incorporates both the cost of collecting data and the worth of data. A monetary value is assigned to the worth of hydraulic conductivity data by examining the economic losses associated with the uncertainty in predictions of groundwater discharge. The method is applied to the problem of designing a sampling program that measures hydraulic conductivity for predicting discharge from a rapid infiltration pond. Hydraulic conductivity data are generated for hypothetical hill slopes using a stochastic finite element model. A set of sampling strategies are selected. For each sampling strategy, the value and location of measurements and the uncertainty in the spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity are incorporated using conditional simulations. Estimates of pond discharge are calculated from the stream function solution and compared to the actual value of pond discharge for the hypothetical site. The root mean square error is used to quantify the uncertainty in discharge predictions. A set of alternative sampling strategies are compared using the objective function. Prediction uncertainty, measured by the root mean square error, is sensitive to both the structure of the heterogeneities and the location of measurements. Sampling schemes that lead to good estimates of the ensemble mean and standard deviation will not necessarily lead to good predictions of discharge. The goal of sampling schemes should be to collect data in key locations of the flow domain and to identify the spatial variation in hydraulic conductivity in a cost effective manner. For predicting discharge from a rapid infiltration pond, locating one or two initial boreholes below the pond is the preferred strategy for a majority of the cases tested. When the measurements are spaced evenly throughout the flow domain, important shallow layers may be missed that have a large influence on pond discharge. Increasing the number of boreholes does not necessarily lead to more certain predictions of pond discharge or to lower values of the objective function. Considerable uncertainty in discharge predictions can exist even with a relatively large number of measurements. While an optimal strategy exists, there is potential for significant variation in prediction uncertainty at individual sites.
Science, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
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Festger, Adam Douglas. "Analysis of hydraulic capture zones and efficiency under time-varying flow and pumping conditions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2000. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_2000_30_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Wolf, Leah Michelle. "A field study of non-reactive transport behavior and evaluation of diffusion mediated processes." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0264_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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周浩賢 and Ho-yin Paul Chow. "Prediction of fluctuation in groundwater flow regime at the pos selim landslide in response to rainfall using a numerical modellingapproach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40722302.

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Chow, Ho-yin Paul. "Prediction of fluctuation in groundwater flow regime at the pos selim landslide in response to rainfall using a numerical modelling approach." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40722302.

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39

Lee, Cheng-Haw. "Flow in fractured rock." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184962.

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In fractured rocks of low permeability, the hydraulic properties of the rock mass are strongly influenced by the connectivity and fracture geometry of the fracture system, the stiffness and deformational properties of fracture surfaces and the geostatic stresses. This dissertation demonstrates through theoretical analysis the sensitivity of fracture connectivity and flow rate to fracture radius, fracture density and measurement scale. Percolation factor and percolation frequency are suggested as indices of connectivity and flow rate. Models of hydromechanical coupling, normal closure and simple geometrical joint systems are proposed to study fracture porosity and fracture permeability and are compared with measured values from published papers. Fracture surface characteristics are expressed as indices of JRC and JCS. The relation between fracture aperture and geostatic stress is also examined. Based on the percolation process, a three dimensional discrete fracture model with statistical parameters of fracture geometry is developed to investigate the relations between the connectivity and flow rate and the percolation factor and percolation frequency. This model has the capability to generate a fracture network and to solve for steady state flow. The flow through each fracture is discretized by the boundary element method. By performing numerical simulation, the percolation threshold was found to be in the range of 0.9 to 2.4 for orthogonal joint sets. There is a rapid increase in flow rate with increasing fracture density or fracture length as the percolation factor reaches the percolation threshold. The percolation factor and percolation frequency are scale-dependent. A fracture network with large fractures and a high fracture density has a high percolation frequency and a high percolation factor. A network with high percolation frequency and percolation factor has a high flow rate. A constitutive model linking the initial conducting aperture, mechanical conducting aperture, JRC, JCS, geostatic stress and fracture geometries can be used to predict fracture porosity and fracture permeability in terms of depth. Preliminary comparison with field data shows that models comprising three orthogonal sets and disc-type fracture models can be used to simulate observed behavior. Fracture porosity and fracture permeability based on a model of three orthogonal sets can be used to predict flow through volcanic rocks. For sedimentary rocks a model incorporating a model of three orthogonal sets and one parallel set can be used with varying levels of confidence.

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Jones, Lawson Elliott. "A real-time aquifer management tool." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20743.

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McCarthy, Kathleen Ann. "The transport of volatile compounds across the capillary fringe /." Full text open access at:, 1992. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,190.

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Johnson, Benjamin Waldon. "Development of a one dimensional subsurface contaminant transport model with stochastic applications." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Johnson2009_09007dcc806b6301.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed August 10, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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Guldan, Nathan M. "Relationships between groundwater recharge dates, nitrate levels, and denitrification in a central Wisconsin watershed /." Link to Abstract, 2004. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/abstracts/2004/Guldan.pdf.

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Metheny, Maura Agnew. "Evaluation of groundwater flow and contaminant transport at the Wells G&H Superfund Site, Woburn, Massachusetts, from 1960 to 1986 and estimation of TCE and PCE concentrations delivered to Woburn residences." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1080248307.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 346 p.; also includes maps, graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 315-325). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

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45

Zhu, Junlin. "Effective properties for flow in heterogeneous porous media." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39416.

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46

Blazer, Derek Jason. "Systematic method for steady-state groundwater flow model calibration." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1999. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0189_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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47

Halihan, Todd. "Permeability structure in fractured aquifers /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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48

Xiao, Liang. "Evaluation of groundwater flow theories and aquifer parameters estimation." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4366.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This thesis deals with some fundamental aspects of groundwater models. Deterministic mathematical models of groundwater are usually used to simulate flow and transport processes in aquifer systems by means of partial differential equations. Analytical solutions for the deterministic mathematical models of the Theis problem and the transient confined-unconfined flow in a confined aquifer are investigated in the thesis. The Theis equation is a most commonly applied solution for the deterministic mathematical model of the Theis problem. In the thesis, a most simplified similarity transformation method for derivation of the Theis equation is proposed by using the Boltzmann transform. To investigate the transient confined-unconfined flow towards a fully penetrating well in a confined aquifer, a new analytical solution for the deterministic mathematical models of interest is proposed in the thesis. The proposed analytical solution considers a change of hydraulic properties (transmissivity and storativity) during the confined-unconfined conversion. Based on the proposed analytical solution, a practical method to determine distance of the conversion interface from pumping well and diffusivity of the unconfined region is developed by using a constant rate test. Applicability of the proposed analytical solution is demonstrated by a comparison with previous solutions, namely the MP and the Chen models. The results show that the proposed analytical solution can be used to assess the effect of the change of diffusivity on the transient confined-unconfined flow. The MP model is only accepted if the transmissivity during the confined-unconfined conversion is constant. The Chen model, given as a special case of the proposed analytical solution, is limited to the analysis of the transient confined-unconfined flow with a fixed diffusivity. An important application of groundwater models is to estimate parameters, such as hydraulic properties and flow dynamics, of groundwater systems by assessing and analysing field data. For instance, the pumping and the hydrochemistry and environmental tracer tests are two effective ways to obtain such data. To evaluate hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by derivative interpretation of drawdown data from pumping tests, a new diagnostic analysis method is proposed based on a lg-lg drawdown derivative, dlgs/dlgt, and the differentiation algorithm namely Lagrange Interpolation Regression (LIR) in the thesis. Use of a combined plot of dlgs/dlgt and a semi-lg drawdown derivative (ds/dlgt) is made to identify various flow segments during variable discharge tests with infinite conditions, constant rate tests in bounded aquifers and tests involving double-porosity behaviours. These can be applied to further characterize pumped aquifers. Compared to traditional diagnostic analysis method using plot of ds/dlgt alone, the combined drawdown derivative plot possesses certain advantages identified as: (1) the plot of dlgs/dlgt is strikingly sensitive for use in unveiling differences between pumping and its following recovery periods in intermittent variable discharge tests; (2) storativity (S) of pumped aquifers can be evaluated by using the combined plot; and (3) quantitative assessments of double-porosity behaviours can also be achieved. Based on two case studies, advantages and disadvantages of uses of the LIR and other existing differentiation methods in calculations of numerical drawdown derivative are demonstrated in practice. The results suggest that the LIR is a preferred method for numerical differentiation of drawdown data as it can be used to effectively minimise noisy effects. The proposed derivative approach provides hydrologists with an additional tool for characterizing pumped aquifers. Use of hydrochemistry and environmental tracer tests to assess flow dynamics of groundwater systems is demonstrated via a case study in the dolomite aquifer of South Africa. An emphasis is on determining mean residence times (MRTs) of the dolomite aquifer by means of an appropriate box model with time series of 14C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (14C-DIC) and initial 14C activities of spring samples during 1970s and 2010s. To obtain the calibrated 14C MRTs, 13C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13C-DIC) of the spring samples are applied to estimate mineral dissolution in the dolomite aquifer and calculate the initial 14C activities. The results indicate that the spring samples have about 50%-80% initial 14C activities. By using the appropriate box model, the calibrated 14C MRTs of the spring system are given within a range from ≤ 10 to 50 years. Additionally, the flow dynamics, including the recharge source and area, the effect of climate change on the temporal trend of the groundwater MRTs and the groundwater flow circulation, of the dolomitic spring system are also discussed for further possible management interventions in the dolomite aquifer.

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Dissanayake, Pujitha Bandara Gamagedera. "Stochastic approach of modelling large-scale moisture transport in partially saturated porous media." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575096.

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Jin, Wei. "Evolution of stagnation points in two-dimensional groundwater flow /." Search for this dissertation online, 2003. http://www.lib.umi.com/cr/ksu/main.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Groundwater flow'

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