Academic literature on the topic 'Groundwater flow – Mathematical models'

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Journal articles on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Fowler, A. C., and C. G. Noon. "Mathematical models of compaction, consolidation and regional groundwater flow." Geophysical Journal International 136, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-246x.1999.00717.x.

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Emikh, V. N. "Mathematical models of groundwater flow with a horizontal drain." Water Resources 35, no. 2 (March 2008): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0097807808020097.

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Boyraz, Uğur, and Cevza Melek Kazezyılmaz-Alhan. "Solutions for groundwater flow with sloping stream boundary: analytical, numerical and experimental models." Hydrology Research 49, no. 4 (June 9, 2017): 1120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2017.264.

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Abstract Protecting groundwater resources plays an important role in watershed management. For this purpose, studies on groundwater flow dynamics incorporating surface water–groundwater interactions have been conducted including analytical, numerical, and experimental models. In this research, a stream–aquifer system was considered to understand the physical behavior of surface water–groundwater interactions. Interactions in a stream–aquifer system were incorporated into the mathematical modeling by defining the stream head as a boundary condition for the groundwater flow equation. This boundary was chosen as a sloping stream boundary, which is an approach in representing the natural conditions of the stream and may be used to define continuous interactions between stream and aquifer. A semi-analytical solution for transient 2D groundwater flow was developed for the considered problem. Isotropic, homogeneous, and finite aquifer assumptions were made in order to define the aquifer characteristics. Then, a series of laboratory experiments was conducted to simulate this stream–aquifer system. Finally, a numerical model was developed by using Visual MODFLOW to verify analytical and experimental results. Numerical results matched with both analytical solutions and the experimental observations.
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Yakirevich, Alexander. "Water Flow, Solute and Heat Transfer in Groundwater." Water 12, no. 7 (June 28, 2020): 1851. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12071851.

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Groundwater is an essential and vital water resource for drinking water production, agricultural irrigation, and industrial processes. The better understanding of physical and chemical processes in aquifers enables more reliable decisions and reduces the investments concerning water management. This Special Issue on “Water Flow, Solute and Heat Transfer in Groundwater” of Water focuses on the recent advances in groundwater dynamics. In this editorial, we introduce 12 high-quality papers that cover a wide range of issues on different aspects related to groundwater: protection from contamination, recharge, heat transfer, hydraulic parameters estimation, well hydraulics, microbial community, colloid transport, and mathematical models. By presenting this integrative volume, we aim to transfer knowledge to hydrologists, hydraulic engineers, and water resources planners who are engaged in the sustainable development of groundwater resources.
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Vinda, Ram Raj, Raja Ram Yadava, and Naveen Kumar. "Uniform Horizontal Groundwater Flow against Dispersion in a Shallow Aquifer: Two Analytical Models." Hydrology Research 23, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1992.0001.

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Analytical solutions converging rapidly at large and small values of times have been obtained for two mathematical models which describe the concentration distribution of a non reactive pollutant from a point source against the flow in a horizontal cross-section of a finite saturated shallow aquifer possessing uniform horizontal groundwater flow. Zero concentration or the conditions in which the flux across the extreme boundaries are proportional to the respective flow components are applied. The effects of flow and dispersion on concentration distribution are also discussed.
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Smith, W. R., G. C. Wake, J. E. McIntosh, R. P. McIntosh, M. Pettigrew, and R. Kao. "Mathematical analysis of perifusion data: models predicting elution concentration." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 261, no. 1 (July 1, 1991): R247—R256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1991.261.1.r247.

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System models are constructed and analyzed for combined convective flow and for dispersion in distorting concentrations of a chemical signal as it passes through a packed column. We derive general analytical solutions for these models. The results have applications to analyses such as in biological experiments involving hormonal stimulation of perifused cells, elution chromatography, adsorption columns, and studies of groundwater flow. The models reveal that the column distorts an incoming signal (such as a change in solute concentration in the flowing liquid) at the inlet. This distortion is greatest at low values of the Peclet number of the flow and is small at larger values. We explore the effects of the approximations inherent in the mathematical models of the system. Specification of the boundary conditions of the problem are shown to be particularly important. With the use of incorrect models, it is possible to obtain accurate interpolations to data obtained from perfusion experiments. However, the parameters derived (in particular the dispersion constant and the peak concentration of a solute concentration pulse) may be considerably in error. This may lead to errors when these parameter estimates are used to predict results in other experimental situations.
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Gu, Lei Lei, Jing Li Shao, Yue Sun, and Yun Zhang Zhao. "Groundwater Flow Simulation and Resource Evaluation of the Affected Zone along the Yellow River (Henan Section)." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2713.

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The purpose of this paper is to build a three-dimensional groundwater flow model of the affected zone along the Yellow River, and to conduct equilibrium analysis and resource evaluation to the groundwater of the research area according to the simulation results. In the beginning, the groundwater flow numerical simulation model (1999.1-2009.12) is established and verified through the GMS software on the basis of the establishment of hydrogeological conceptual and mathematical models. Results of the simulation model show that the perennial average of the resources of shallow groundwater recharge is 29.32×108m3/a, the average recharge modulus is 22.35×104m3/km2•a and the safe yield of groundwater resource is 27.04×108m3/a.
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Aniszewski, A. "Incorporation of advection and adsorption in modeling ground water quality." Water Supply 1, no. 2 (March 1, 2001): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0042.

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A one-dimensional model of groundwater flow, incorporating advection and adsorption of conservative pollutants has been presented. Based on earlier laboratory experiments on physical models and adopting the numerical solution of the presented mathematical model, the adsorption parameters k1 and n have been calculated for a non-linear function describing this process. Empirical relationships for the adsorption parameters characteristic of the aquifer and the ground water flow have been developed. These relationships should allow for better forecasting and estimation of groundwater quality at the intake.
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Παναγόπουλος, A., E. Δρακοπούλου, and V. Περλέρος. "APPLICATION OF THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL MODFLOW ON A KARSTIC AQUIFER: THE CASE OF VIOTIKOS KIFISOS BASIN." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 36, no. 4 (January 1, 2004): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.16701.

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MODFLOW is a very well verified code of mathematical modeling for simulation of saturated groundwater flow in porous medium. Groundwater flow simulation in discontinuity media (i.e. media characterized by dominance of secondary and tertiary porosity as opposed to primary porosity), such as karstic aquifers, utilizing specialized models is problematic. Due to existing impedes the use of the conventional model MODFLOW was attempted for the simulation of the karstic system of the Viotikos Kifisos river aiming predominantly at assessing the potential, restrictions, particularities and conditions under which such a modelling code could be implemented, especially when relatively restricted volume of raw data is available. Compilation and calibration of the model suggest that MODFLOW may in general be implemented and can provide useful results. As in every mathematical model, knowledge of the assumptions made and the intrinsic restrictions involved is required, along with in-depth evaluation of its capabilities. The mathematical model of Viotikos Kifisos basin forms a valuable tool for management of its water resources and study of regional groundwater evolution.
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de Rooij, G. H. "Is the groundwater reservoir linear? A mathematical analysis of two limiting cases." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 1 (January 6, 2014): 83–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-83-2014.

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Abstract. Storage–discharge relationships of the groundwater reservoirs of several catchments in a temperate-humid climate were reported in the literature to be seemingly non-linear. Once recharge was adequately accounted for during model calibration they turned out to be linear. The question was posed if this linearity was a fundamental property of groundwater reservoirs in general. A mathematical analysis based on analytical solutions for several cases involving parallel flow in horizontal aquifers shows that this is not the case when the surface water level is close to the aquifer bottom. When the aquifer is of constant thickness, linear-reservoir behaviour arises when the forcings remain constant for a sufficiently long time. This can range from a few weeks for aquifers with a dense drainage network of streams or ditches to years or centuries for large aquifers drained by rivers many kilometers apart. The characteristic time of the groundwater reservoir depends on whether or not the aquifer is leaky and recharge is non-zero. It is concluded that groundwater reservoirs can only be linear if their thickness can be assumed independent of the hydraulic head, and if they have a dense drainage network. Even then, they behave non-linearly up to several weeks after a change in recharge. Models that conceptualize the catchment as a configuration of coupled reservoirs will normally assign the groundwater discharge surplus generated because of the initially non-linear behaviour of the groundwater to their fast-responding reservoirs, thereby exaggerating the importance of fast-responding flow routes in a catchment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Khatibi, Rahman Haghi. "Mathematical open channel flow models and identification of their friction parameters." Thesis, University of London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263145.

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This thesis l concerned with the mathematical modelling of open channel flows governed by the Saint-Venant equations, which are used as a prediction or identification tools. A survey of the literature in these fields identified the problems in need of Immediate research. Numerical test runs were then devised which led to projecting a clear picture as follows. The performance of twn widely used Implicit finite difference schemes, the 4-point box and 6-point staggered schemes were compared In a wide range of circumstances. it is concluded that both schemes produce 'very close results, but the staggered scheme is prone to convergence problems In some extreme cases. It was also noted that a sharp change in geometric configuration of compound channels produced discontinuous features on the aim ulated depth and discharge hydrographs. The inability of the staggered scheme In handling a head-discharge relationship as a downstream boundary condition was tackled by proposing and implementing a scheme of second order accuracy. As model data are generally corrupted withh errors and noise, their effects together with that of other factors on the Identified friction parameters we Investigated. The results demonstte the paramount Importance of the effect of a choice of objective function on the Identified parameters. While the individual values of the identified M2nning n may vary from one flood event to another, their mean is shown both numerically and rigorously to be dependent upon the choice of objective function. It is shown that an objective function formulated by using absolute errors performs ideally and produces reliable results even in the presence of autocorrelated Gaucian noise samples. The mean of the Identified parameters is also found to be adversely affected if the observation station is affected by localized disturbances. Sensitivity of objective functions to the variation In the value of the friction parameter Is also found to be an Important factor, as Insensitivity leads to ill-conditioning.
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Liao, Boshu. "Analytical and numerical analysis of LNAPL migration and LNAPL thickness estimation in unconfined aquifers." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32846.

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Ritzi, Robert William. "The use of well response to natural forces in the estimation of hydraulic parameters." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1989_119_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Sheng, Jopan. "Multiphase immiscible flow through porous media." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53630.

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A finite element model is developed for multiphase flow through soil involving three immiscible fluids: namely air, water, and an organic fluid. A variational method is employed for the finite element formulation corresponding to the coupled differential equations governing the flow of the three fluid phase porous medium system with constant air phase pressure. Constitutive relationships for fluid conductivities and saturations as functions of fluid pressures which may be calibrated from two-phase laboratory measurements, are employed in the finite element program. The solution procedure uses iteration by a modified Picard method to handle the nonlinear properties and the backward method for a stable time integration. Laboratory experiments involving soil columns initially saturated with water and displaced by p-cymene (benzene-derivative hydrocarbon) under constant pressure were simulated by the finite element model to validate the numerical model and formulation for constitutive properties. Transient water outflow predicted using independently measured capillary head-saturation data agreed well with observed outflow data. Two-dimensional simulations are presented for eleven hypothetical field cases involving introduction of an organic fluid near the soil surface due to leakage from an underground storage tank. The subsequent transport of the organic fluid in the variably saturated vadose and ground water zones is analysed.
Ph. D.
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El, Didy Sherif Mohamed Ahmed 1951. "Two-dimensional finite element programs for water flow and water quality in multi-aquifer systems." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/191110.

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Multiple aquifer systems similar to those that exist at coal gasification sites are complicated groundwater situations. In these types of systems, the aquifers are separated by aquitards through which interaction between aquifers can occur. The movement of the products of combustion into the coal seam and adjacent aquifers is a serious problem of interest. This dissertation presents two-dimensional finite element models for water flow and water quality in multiple aquifer systems. These models can be applied for general problems as well as the problems associated with the burned cavities in coal gasification sites. The Galerkin weightedresidual method is used in both models. Eight-noded isoparametric elements are used. Spatial numerical integration is performed using Gaussian quadrature. A weighted finite difference scheme is used, in both of them, for time integration. The two models are written in FORTRAN V for the CDC CYBER 175. They are applicable to one- or two-dimensional problems involving steady-state or transient flow. Each aquifer can have different initial conditions and boundary conditions. Boundary conditions, pumping rates, and the recharge can be specified as a function of time. The output of the flow program-nodal heads and velocity components is used as an input to the quality program. The numerical models were validated for simple problems that have available analytical solutions.
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Vionnet, Leticia Beatriz, and Leticia Beatriz Vionnet. "Investigation of stream-aquifer interactions using a coupled surface water and groundwater flow model." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187414.

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A finite element numerical model is developed for the modeling of coupled surface-water flow and ground-water flow. The mathematical treatment of subsurface flows follows the confined aquifer theory or the classical Dupuit approximation for unconfined aquifers whereas surface-water flows are treated with the kinematic wave approximation for open channel flow. A detailed discussion of the standard approaches to represent the coupling term is provided. In this work, a mathematical expression similar to Ohm's law is used to simulate the interacting term between the two major hydrological components. Contrary to the standard approach, the coupling term is incorporated through a boundary flux integral that arises naturally in the weak form of the governing equations rather than through a source term. It is found that in some cases, a branch cut needs to be introduced along the internal boundary representing the stream in order to define a simply connected domain, which is an essential requirement in the derivation of the weak form of the ground-water flow equation. The fast time scale characteristic of surface-water flows and the slow time scale characteristic of ground-water flows are clearly established, leading to the definition of three dimensionless parameters, namely, a Peclet number that inherits the disparity between both time scales, a flow number that relates the pumping rate and the streamflow, and a Biot number that relates the conductance at the river-aquifer interface to the aquifer conductance. The model, implemented in the Bill Williams River Basin, reproduces the observed streamflow patterns and the ground-water flow patterns. Fairly good results are obtained using multiple time steps in the simulation process.
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Xiao, Liang. "Evaluation of groundwater flow theories and aquifer parameters estimation." University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4366.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This thesis deals with some fundamental aspects of groundwater models. Deterministic mathematical models of groundwater are usually used to simulate flow and transport processes in aquifer systems by means of partial differential equations. Analytical solutions for the deterministic mathematical models of the Theis problem and the transient confined-unconfined flow in a confined aquifer are investigated in the thesis. The Theis equation is a most commonly applied solution for the deterministic mathematical model of the Theis problem. In the thesis, a most simplified similarity transformation method for derivation of the Theis equation is proposed by using the Boltzmann transform. To investigate the transient confined-unconfined flow towards a fully penetrating well in a confined aquifer, a new analytical solution for the deterministic mathematical models of interest is proposed in the thesis. The proposed analytical solution considers a change of hydraulic properties (transmissivity and storativity) during the confined-unconfined conversion. Based on the proposed analytical solution, a practical method to determine distance of the conversion interface from pumping well and diffusivity of the unconfined region is developed by using a constant rate test. Applicability of the proposed analytical solution is demonstrated by a comparison with previous solutions, namely the MP and the Chen models. The results show that the proposed analytical solution can be used to assess the effect of the change of diffusivity on the transient confined-unconfined flow. The MP model is only accepted if the transmissivity during the confined-unconfined conversion is constant. The Chen model, given as a special case of the proposed analytical solution, is limited to the analysis of the transient confined-unconfined flow with a fixed diffusivity. An important application of groundwater models is to estimate parameters, such as hydraulic properties and flow dynamics, of groundwater systems by assessing and analysing field data. For instance, the pumping and the hydrochemistry and environmental tracer tests are two effective ways to obtain such data. To evaluate hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by derivative interpretation of drawdown data from pumping tests, a new diagnostic analysis method is proposed based on a lg-lg drawdown derivative, dlgs/dlgt, and the differentiation algorithm namely Lagrange Interpolation Regression (LIR) in the thesis. Use of a combined plot of dlgs/dlgt and a semi-lg drawdown derivative (ds/dlgt) is made to identify various flow segments during variable discharge tests with infinite conditions, constant rate tests in bounded aquifers and tests involving double-porosity behaviours. These can be applied to further characterize pumped aquifers. Compared to traditional diagnostic analysis method using plot of ds/dlgt alone, the combined drawdown derivative plot possesses certain advantages identified as: (1) the plot of dlgs/dlgt is strikingly sensitive for use in unveiling differences between pumping and its following recovery periods in intermittent variable discharge tests; (2) storativity (S) of pumped aquifers can be evaluated by using the combined plot; and (3) quantitative assessments of double-porosity behaviours can also be achieved. Based on two case studies, advantages and disadvantages of uses of the LIR and other existing differentiation methods in calculations of numerical drawdown derivative are demonstrated in practice. The results suggest that the LIR is a preferred method for numerical differentiation of drawdown data as it can be used to effectively minimise noisy effects. The proposed derivative approach provides hydrologists with an additional tool for characterizing pumped aquifers. Use of hydrochemistry and environmental tracer tests to assess flow dynamics of groundwater systems is demonstrated via a case study in the dolomite aquifer of South Africa. An emphasis is on determining mean residence times (MRTs) of the dolomite aquifer by means of an appropriate box model with time series of 14C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (14C-DIC) and initial 14C activities of spring samples during 1970s and 2010s. To obtain the calibrated 14C MRTs, 13C values of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13C-DIC) of the spring samples are applied to estimate mineral dissolution in the dolomite aquifer and calculate the initial 14C activities. The results indicate that the spring samples have about 50%-80% initial 14C activities. By using the appropriate box model, the calibrated 14C MRTs of the spring system are given within a range from ≤ 10 to 50 years. Additionally, the flow dynamics, including the recharge source and area, the effect of climate change on the temporal trend of the groundwater MRTs and the groundwater flow circulation, of the dolomitic spring system are also discussed for further possible management interventions in the dolomite aquifer.
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Cuifeng, Wei. "Improved Finite Analytic Methods for Solving Advection-dominated Transport Equation in Highly Variable Velocity Field." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4922.

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Solute transport studies frequently rely on numerical solutions of the classical advection-diffusion equation. Unfortunately, solutions obtained with traditional finite difference and finite element techniques typically exhibit excessive numerical diffusion or spurious oscillation when advection dominates, especially when velocity field is highly variable. One recently developed technique, the finite analytic method, offers an attractive alternative. Finite analytic methods utilize local analytic solutions in discrete elements to obtain the algebraic representations of the governing partial differential equations, thus eliminating the truncation error in the finite difference and the use of approximating functions in the finite element method. The finite analytic solutions have been shown to be stable and numerically robust for advection-dominated transport in heterogeneous velocity fields. However, the existing finite analytic methods for solute transport in multiple dimensions have the following disadvantages. First, the method is computationally inefficient when applied to heterogeneous media due to the complexity of the formulation. Second, the evaluation of finite analytic coefficients is when the Peclet number is large. Third, the method introduces significant numerical diffusion due to inadequate temporal approximation when applied to transient problems. This thesis develops improved finite analytic methods for two-dimensional steady as well as unsteady solute transports in steady velocity fields. For steady transport, the new method exploits the advantages of the existing finite analytic and finite difference methods. The analytically difficult diffusion terms are approximated by finite difference and numerically difficult advection and reaction terms are treated analytically in a local element in deriving the numerical schemes. The new finite analytic method is extended to unsteady transport through application of Laplace transformation. Laplace transformation converts the transient equation to a steady-state expression that can be solved with the steady version of the improved finite analytic method. Numerical inversion of the transformed variables is used to recover solute concentration in the physical space-time domain. The effectiveness and accuracy of the new finite analytic method is demonstrated through stringent test examples of two dimensional steady-state transport in highly variable velocity fields. The results clearly demonstrated that the improved finite analytic methods are efficient, robust and accurate.
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Zhang, Dongxiao. "Conditional stochastic analysis of solute transport in heterogeneous geologic media." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186553.

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This dissertation develops an analytical-numerical approach to deterministically predict the space-time evolution of concentrations in heterogeneous geologic media conditioned on measurements of hydraulic conductivities (transmissivities) and/or hydraulic heads. Based on the new conditional Eulerian-Lagrangian transport theory by Neuman, we solve the conditional transport problem analytically at early time, and express it in pseudo-Fickian form at late time. The stochastically derived deterministic pseudo-Fickian mean concentration equation involves a conditional, space-time dependent dispersion tensor. The latter not only depends on properties of the medium and the velocity but also on the available information, and can be evaluated numerically along mean "particle" trajectories. The transport equation lends itself to accurate solution by standard Galerkin finite elements on a relatively coarse grid. This approach allows computing without using Monte Carlo simulation and explicitly the following: Concentration variance/covariance (uncertainty), origin of detected contaminant and associated uncertainty, mass flow rate across a "compliance surface", cumulative mass release and travel time probability distribution across this surface, uncertainty associated with the latter, second spatial moment of conditional mean plume about its center of mass, conditional mean second spatial moment of actual plume about its center of mass, conditional co-variance of plume center of mass, and effect of non-Gaussian velocity distribution. This approach can also account for uncertainty in initial mass and/or concentration when predicting the future evolution of a plume, whereas almost all existing stochastic models of solute transport assume the initial state to be known with certainty. We illustrate this approach by considering deterministic and uncertain instantaneous point and nonpoint sources in a two-dimensional domain with a mildly fluctuating, statistically homogeneous, lognormal transmissivity field. We take the unconditional mean velocity to be uniform, but allow conditioning on log transmissivity and hydraulic head data. Conditioning renders the velocity field statistically nonhomogeneous with reduced variances and correlation scales, renders the predicted plume irregular and non-Gaussian, and generally reduces both predictive dispersion and uncertainty.
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Kalin, Robert M. "The hydrogeochemical evolution of the groundwater of the Tucson Basin with application to 3-dimensional groundwater flow modelling." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186609.

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This work examines the hydrogeochemical evolution of Tucson basin groundwater, including isotope hydrology, geochemistry and age determinations. Results of mineralogic investigation on basin fill were used to constrain water-rock geochemical reactions. Examination of 45 years of water quality data shows that groundwater mining has affected water quality. Stable isotopes of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, and chlorine and radiocarbon, tritium and radon determinations refine the interpretation of hydrogeochemical evolution of Tucson basin groundwater as modelled with NETPATH. Two distinct sampling periods, the first in 1965 and the second between 1984 and 1989, resulted in the determination of groundwater ages for water mined two decades apart. Isotope hydrology and geochemical modelling suggest that much of the water presently mined from the Tucson basin has a component recharged during the last 50 years. Increased sulfate concentrations suggest that heavy pumping in the northeastern basin may have induced increased leakage from lower units. Results of geochemical modelling indicate an average of 5 percent mountain-front recharge to the Ft. Lowell Formation along the northern aquifer margin. An increase in dissolved solids along the basin margin implies that this component to recharge has increased in the past decade. The radiocarbon age of the basin groundwater was compared with the temporal movement of water as modelled with MODFLOW and PATH3D. In general, the hydrologic simulation agrees with both the distribution of tritium and the exponentially modelled water age, as determined with bomb-derived radiocarbon, for areas of the Tucson basin that contain water less than 50 years in age. Hydrologic modelling failed to predict the antiquity of recently sampled water in the central basin but is similar to age determinations on waters collected in 1965.
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Books on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Atangana, Abdon. Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266.

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Groundwater mechanics. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1989.

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Rajan, M. T. Regional groundwater modeling. New Delhi: Capital Pub. Co., 2004.

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Analytic element modeling of groundwater flow. San Diego: Academic Press, 1995.

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Dudgeon, C. R. Non-Darcy flow of groundwater. Manly Vale, N.S.W: University of New South Wales, Water Research Laboratory, 1985.

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I, El-Kadi Aly, ed. Groundwater models for resources analysis and management. Boca Raton: CRC Lewis Publishers, 1995.

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NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on Advances in Analytical and Numerical Groundwater Flow and Quality Modelling (1987 Lisbon Portugal). Groundwater flow and quality modelling. Dordrecht, Holland: D. Reidel Pub. Co., 1988.

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Christianus Bernardus Maria Te Stroet. Calibration of stochastic groundwater flow models: Estimation of noise statistics and model parameters. [Delft: Eburon], 1995.

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Hermance, John F. A mathematical primer on groundwater flow: An introduction to the mathematical and physical concepts of saturated flow in the subsurface. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1999.

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Luckner, Ludwig. Migration processes in the soil and groundwater zone. Chelsea, Mich: Lewis Publishers, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Kovarik, Karel. "Mathematical Models of Groundwater Flow." In Numerical Models in Groundwater Pollution, 61–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56982-1_5.

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Mutandanyi, Tshanduko, and Abdon Atangana. "Modeling Soil Moisture Flow." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 319–52. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-19.

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Ramotsho, Amanda, and Abdon Atangana. "Application of the New Numerical Method with Caputo–Fabrizio Fractal-Fractional Derivative on the Self-Similar Leaky Aquifer Equations." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 167–79. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-10.

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Magingi, Awodwa, and Abdon Atangana. "Modelling a Conversion of a Confined to an Unconfined Aquifer Flow with Classical and Fractional Derivatives." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 413–35. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-22.

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Ramotsho, Amanda, and Abdon Atangana. "Application of the New Numerical Method with Atangana–Baleanu Fractal-Fractional Derivative on the Self-Similar Leaky Aquifer Equations." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 181–98. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-11.

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Manundu, Siphokazi Simnikiwe, and Abdon Atangana. "The Dual Porosity Model." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 515–53. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-26.

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Deyi, Mpafane, and Abdon Atangana. "Groundwater Contamination Transport Model with Fading Memory Property." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 279–87. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-16.

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Mathobo, Mashudu, and Abdon Atangana. "Analysis of General Groundwater Flow Equation with Fractal-Fractional Differential Operators." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 243–59. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-14.

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Makahane, Rendani Vele, and Abdon Atangana. "Transfer Function of the Sumudu, Laplace Transforms and Their Application to Groundwater." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 107–16. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-7.

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Chaka, Disebo Venoliah, and Abdon Atangana. "Modelling Groundwater Flow in a Confined Aquifer with Dual Layers." In Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Flow Models, 489–513. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003266266-25.

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Conference papers on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Alzoubi, Mahmoud A., and Agus P. Sasmito. "Development and Validation of Enthalpy-Porosity Method for Artificial Ground Freezing Under Seepage Conditions." In ASME 2018 5th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2018-83473.

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Groundwater flow has an undesirable effect on ice growth in artificial ground freezing (AGF) process: high water flow could hinder the hydraulic sealing between two freeze pipes. Therefore, a reliable prediction of the multiphysics ground behavior under seepage flow conditions is compulsory. This paper describes a mathematical model that considers conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. The model has been derived, validated, and implemented to simulate the multiphase heat transfer between freeze pipes and surrounded porous ground structure with and without the presence of groundwater seepage. The paper discusses, also, the influence of the coolant’s temperature, the spacing between two freeze pipes, and the seepage temperature on time needed to create a closed, frozen wall. The results indicate that spacing between two pipes and seepage velocity have the highest impact on the closure time and the frozen body width.
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Kenzhekhanov, Shaken, Xiaolong Yin, and Iskander Gussenov. "Microfluidic Study of Polymer Permeability Reduction Mechanisms." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210405-ms.

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Abstract Polymer solutions see broad applications in hydraulic fracturing, enhanced oil recovery, conformance control, and groundwater remediation. However, due to the high viscosity of polymer solutions, flows after polymer injection are often subjected to significant pressure build-up, the mechanism of which is not well studied, especially on the effect of distribution of fluids in the pores. In this study, we used microfluidics micromodels to visualize the distribution of fluids in porous media. NOA81 micromodels with close-to-real-rock pore dimensions were fabricated and used for simulating flooding experiments. Relative permeability was measured at steady-state flow rates and injection pressures. Then, fluid distribution was analyzed using microscopy image analysis. We observed that the distribution of fluids in a porous medium has a direct impact on the pressure drop. The relative permeability of water and oil after polymer flow was disproportionally low, which is consistent with core flooding experiments. The increase in the pressure drop due to polymer trapping can be correlated to occupancy, orientation and alignment of pore channels. A mathematical model was developed to describe the correlation between pore-scale fluid distributions and the end-point relative permeability; it can be used for understanding and enhancing oil/water flows during/after polymer injections.
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Santaeufemia, Pablo S., Nathan G. Johnson, Christopher McComb, and Kenji Shimada. "Improving Irrigation in Remote Areas: Multi-Objective Optimization of a Treadle Pump." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35463.

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Water-lifting technologies in rural areas of the developing world have enormous potential to stimulate agricultural and economic growth. The treadle pump, a human-powered low-cost pump designed for irrigation in developing countries, can help farmers maximize financial return on small plots of land by ending their dependency on rain-fed irrigation systems. The treadle pump uses a suction piston to draw groundwater to the surface by way of a foot-powered treadle attached to each suction piston. Current treadle pump designs lift water from depths up to 7 meters at a flow-rate of 1–5 liters per second. This work seeks to optimize the design of the Dekhi style treadle pump, which has gained significant popularity due to its simplicity. A mathematical model of the working fluid and treadle pump structure has been developed in this study. Deterministic optimization methods are then employed to maximize the flow rate of the groundwater pumped, maximize the lift height, and minimize the volume of material used for manufacturing. Design variables for the optimization included the dimensions of the pump, well depth, and speed of various parts of the system. The solutions are subject to constraints on the geometry of the system, the bending stress in the treadles, and ergonomic factors. Findings indicate that significant technical improvements can be made on the standard Dekhi design, such as increasing the size of the pump cylinders and hose, while maintaining a standard total treadle length. These improvements could allow the Dekhi pump to be implemented in new regions and benefit additional rural farmers in the developing world.
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Gilding, B. H. "MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF SATURATED AND UNSATURATED GROUNDWATER FLOW." In Proceedings of the Summer School. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814368438_0001.

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Fehling, Anna. "CHALLENGES OF USING GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELS TO MANAGE GROUNDWATER USE IN WISCONSIN." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-378750.

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Little, Richard, John Avis, Nicola Calder, Nava Garisto, Paul Gierszewski, Helen Leung, Laura Limer, et al. "A Preliminary Postclosure Safety Assessment of OPG’s Proposed L&ILW Deep Geologic Repository, Canada." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16289.

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Ontario Power Generation (OPG) is proposing to build a Deep Geologic Respository (DGR) for Low and Intermediate Level Waste (L&ILW) near the existing Western Waste Management Facility at the Bruce site in the Municipality of Kincardine, Ontario. The Nuclear Waste Management Organization (NWMO), on behalf of OPG, is currently preparing an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) and Preliminary Safety Report (PSR) for the proposed repository. This involves investigation of the site’s geological and surface environmental characteristics, conceptual design of the DGR, and technical studies to demonstrate the operational and long-term safety of the proposed facility. A preliminary postclosure safety assessment (SA) was undertaken in 2008 and 2009. Consistent with the guidelines for the preparation of the EIS for the DGR and the regulatory guide on assessing the long-term safety of radioactive waste management, the SA evaluated the DGR’s performance and its potential impact on human health and the environment through pathway analysis of contaminant releases, contaminant transport, receptor exposure and potential effects. Consideration was given to the expected long-term evolution of the repository and site following closure (the Normal Evolution Scenario) and four disruptive (“what if”) scenarios (Human Intrusion, Severe Shaft Seal Failure, Open Borehole, and Extreme Earthquake), which considered events with uncertain or low probability that could disrupt the repository system. Conceptual and mathematical models were developed and then implemented in a range of software tools including AMBER, to provide estimates of impacts such as dose, FRAC3DVS, for detailed 2D and 3D groundwater flow and transport calculations, and T2GGM, a code that couples the Gas Generation Model (GGM) and TOUGH2 and models the generation of gas in the repository and its subsequent 2D transport through the geosphere. Calculations have been undertaken to assess the impact of radionuclides on human and non-human biota and the impact of non-radioactive species on humans and the environment. The results indicate that the DGR system provides a high level of postclosure safety.
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Bonilla, Javier, Luis Jose Yebra, Eduardo Zarza, and Sebastian Dormido. "Chattering in dynamic mathematical two-phase flow models." In 2009 European Control Conference (ECC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/ecc.2009.7075015.

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Zdechlik, Robert. "GIS AS A SUPPORTING TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTING GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018v/1.5/s02.038.

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Zdechlik, Robert. "GIS AS A SUPPORTING TOOL FOR CONSTRUCTING GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELS." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593//sgem2018v/1.5/s02.038.

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Laevsky, Y. M., M. V. Vasilieva, A. V. Grigoriev, and A. A. Kalinkin. "Mathematical Models of Fluid Flow in Fractured-Porous Media." In 7th EAGE Saint Petersburg International Conference and Exhibition. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201600183.

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Reports on the topic "Groundwater flow – Mathematical models"

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Flach, G. P., and T. Hang. Impacts of Updated GSA Groundwater Flow Models on the FTF, HTF and SDF PAs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1426653.

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Ross, M., L. Aitssi, R. Martel, and M. Parent. From geological to groundwater flow models: an example of inter-operability for semi-regular grids. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/221893.

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Bitew, Menberu, and Rhett Jackson. Characterization of Flow Paths, Residence Time and Media Chemistry in Complex Landscapes to Integrate Surface, Groundwater and Stream Processes and Inform Models of Hydrologic and Water Quality Response to Land Use Activities; Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1171150.

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Lohne, Arild, Arne Stavland, Siv Marie Åsen, Olav Aursjø, and Aksel Hiorth. Recommended polymer workflow: Interpretation and parameter identification. University of Stavanger, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/usps.202.

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Injecting a polymer solution into a porous medium significantly increases the modeling complexity, compared to model a polymer bulk solution. Even if the polymer solution is injected at a constant rate into the porous medium, the polymers experience different flow regimes in each pore and pore throat. The main challenge is to assign a macroscopic porous media “viscosity” to the fluid which can be used in Darcy law to get the correct relationship between the injection rate and pressure drop. One can achieve this by simply tabulating experimental results (e.g., injection rate vs pressure drop). The challenge with the tabulated approach is that it requires a huge experimental database to tabulate all kind of possible situations that might occur in a reservoir (e.g., changing temperature, salinity, flooding history, permeability, porosity, wettability etc.). The approach presented in this report is to model the mechanisms and describe them in terms of mathematical models. The mathematical model contains a limited number of parameters that needs to be determined experimentally. Once these parameters are determined, there is in principle no need to perform additional experiments.
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Russo, David, Daniel M. Tartakovsky, and Shlomo P. Neuman. Development of Predictive Tools for Contaminant Transport through Variably-Saturated Heterogeneous Composite Porous Formations. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7592658.bard.

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The vadose (unsaturated) zone forms a major hydrologic link between the ground surface and underlying aquifers. To understand properly its role in protecting groundwater from near surface sources of contamination, one must be able to analyze quantitatively water flow and contaminant transport in variably saturated subsurface environments that are highly heterogeneous, often consisting of multiple geologic units and/or high and/or low permeability inclusions. The specific objectives of this research were: (i) to develop efficient and accurate tools for probabilistic delineation of dominant geologic features comprising the vadose zone; (ii) to develop a complementary set of data analysis tools for discerning the fractal properties of hydraulic and transport parameters of highly heterogeneous vadose zone; (iii) to develop and test the associated computational methods for probabilistic analysis of flow and transport in highly heterogeneous subsurface environments; and (iv) to apply the computational framework to design an “optimal” observation network for monitoring and forecasting the fate and migration of contaminant plumes originating from agricultural activities. During the course of the project, we modified the third objective to include additional computational method, based on the notion that the heterogeneous formation can be considered as a mixture of populations of differing spatial structures. Regarding uncertainly analysis, going beyond approaches based on mean and variance of system states, we succeeded to develop probability density function (PDF) solutions enabling one to evaluate probabilities of rare events, required for probabilistic risk assessment. In addition, we developed reduced complexity models for the probabilistic forecasting of infiltration rates in heterogeneous soils during surface runoff and/or flooding events Regarding flow and transport in variably saturated, spatially heterogeneous formations associated with fine- and coarse-textured embedded soils (FTES- and CTES-formations, respectively).We succeeded to develop first-order and numerical frameworks for flow and transport in three-dimensional (3-D), variably saturated, bimodal, heterogeneous formations, with single and dual porosity, respectively. Regarding the sampling problem defined as, how many sampling points are needed, and where to locate them spatially in the horizontal x₂x₃ plane of the field. Based on our computational framework, we succeeded to develop and demonstrate a methdology that might improve considerably our ability to describe quntitaively the response of complicated 3-D flow systems. The results of the project are of theoretical and practical importance; they provided a rigorous framework to modeling water flow and solute transport in a realistic, highly heterogeneous, composite flow system with uncertain properties under-specified by data. Specifically, they: (i) enhanced fundamental understanding of the basic mechanisms of field-scale flow and transport in near-surface geological formations under realistic flow scenarios, (ii) provided a means to assess the ability of existing flow and transport models to handle realistic flow conditions, and (iii) provided a means to assess quantitatively the threats posed to groundwater by contamination from agricultural sources.
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Tanny, Josef, Gabriel Katul, Shabtai Cohen, and Meir Teitel. Micrometeorological methods for inferring whole canopy evapotranspiration in large agricultural structures: measurements and modeling. United States Department of Agriculture, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7594402.bard.

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Original objectives and revisions The original objectives as stated in the approved proposal were: (1) To establish guidelines for the use of micrometeorological techniques as accurate, reliable and low-cost tools for continuous monitoring of whole canopy ET of common crops grown in large agricultural structures. (2) To adapt existing methods for protected cultivation environments. (3) To combine previously derived theoretical models of air flow and scalar fluxes in large agricultural structures (an outcome of our previous BARD project) with ET data derived from application of turbulent transport techniques for different crops and structure types. All the objectives have been successfully addressed. The study was focused on both screenhouses and naturally ventilated greenhouses, and all proposed methods were examined. Background to the topic Our previous BARD project established that the eddy covariance (EC) technique is suitable for whole canopy evapotranspiration measurements in large agricultural screenhouses. Nevertheless, the eddy covariance technique remains difficult to apply in the farm due to costs, operational complexity, and post-processing of data – thereby inviting alternative techniques to be developed. The subject of this project was: 1) the evaluation of four turbulent transport (TT) techniques, namely, Surface Renewal (SR), Flux-Variance (FV), Half-order Time Derivative (HTD) and Bowen Ratio (BR), whose instrumentation needs and operational demands are not as elaborate as the EC, to estimate evapotranspiration within large agricultural structures; and 2) the development of mathematical models able to predict water savings and account for the external environmental conditions, physiological properties of the plant, and structure properties as well as to evaluate the necessary micrometeorological conditions for utilizing the above turbulent transfer methods in such protected environments. Major conclusions and achievements The major conclusions are: (i) the SR and FV techniques were suitable for reliable estimates of ET in shading and insect-proof screenhouses; (ii) The BR technique was reliable in shading screenhouses; (iii) HTD provided reasonable results in the shading and insect proof screenhouses; (iv) Quality control analysis of the EC method showed that conditions in the shading and insect proof screenhouses were reasonable for flux measurements. However, in the plastic covered greenhouse energy balance closure was poor. Therefore, the alternative methods could not be analyzed in the greenhouse; (v) A multi-layered flux footprint model was developed for a ‘generic’ crop canopy situated within a protected environment such as a large screenhouse. The new model accounts for the vertically distributed sources and sinks within the canopy volume as well as for modifications introduced by the screen on the flow field and microenvironment. The effect of the screen on fetch as a function of its relative height above the canopy is then studied for the first time and compared to the case where the screen is absent. The model calculations agreed with field experiments based on EC measurements from two screenhouse experiments. Implications, both scientific and agricultural The study established for the first time, both experimentally and theoretically, the use of four simple TT techniques for ET estimates within large agricultural screenhouses. Such measurements, along with reliable theoretical models, will enable the future development of lowcost ET monitoring system which will be attainable for day-to-day use by growers in improving irrigation management.
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