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1
Lu, Shuai, Xiaoyu Feng, and Xiaosi Su. "Geochemical characteristics of arsenic in groundwater during riverbank filtration: a case study of Liao River, Northeast China." Water Supply 20, no. 8 (September 4, 2020): 3288–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2020.213.
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Abstract Affected by groundwater exploitation in the riverside, the infiltration of river water to recharge groundwater will cause changes in the groundwater environment, which has an important impact on the geochemical behavior of arsenic in groundwater. In this study, the groundwater environment zones in the process of river water infiltration were divided, and the arsenic content in groundwater in the study area had a good correlation with the environment zones. In the weak oxidation environment zone and the weak reductive environment zone, as the distance from the riverbank increased, the arsenic content gradually increased. In the reduction environment zone, there was a decreasing trend in arsenic content in groundwater. The arsenic content in groundwater varied significantly with the seasons, and its dynamic characteristics were closely related to the water level. The arsenic content in groundwater decreased with the rise in groundwater level, and it responded obviously to the change of water level in the shallows. Overall, arsenic entered the groundwater from the solid phase through adsorption and desorption of exchangeable arsenic and exchangeable iron, and reductive dissolution of iron or manganese oxides bound iron in the medium during riverbank filtration.
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Gwachha, Sushila, Bishwa Nath Acharya, Agni Dhakal, Sujen Man Shrestha, and Tista Prasai Joshi. "Assessment of Arsenic Content in Deep Groundwater of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal." Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 19, no. 1 (July 1, 2020): 69–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v19i1.29785.
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The contamination of groundwater by arsenic is one of the major problems in Nepal. This study was conducted in 20 deep groundwater (>200m) samples of Kathmandu valley to assess the arsenic content of different groundwater zones and to determine the relationship of arsenic with physico-chemical parameters. Samples were collected in the post-monsoon season of 2016. The random sampling method was applied to the collection of water samples.Standard methods as APHA 2005 was followed for the analysis of the water sample.Arsenic concentration showed spatial variation. The maximum concentration of arsenic was found in Central Groundwater Zone at Patan (27040’07.3” and 85019’14”). Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient revealed that moderate positive correlation of arsenic concentration withelectrical conductivity (μS/cm) (r = 0.58and p =0.01) and turbidity (NTU)(r = 0.67 and p = 0.01). Groundwater consumers of the central zone of the valley are at risk of arsenic-based health issues.
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Vu, Thi Duyen, Thi Mai Tran, Thi Kim Trang Pham, Mai Lan Vi, Manh Phu Dao, Hung Viet Pham, and Dieke Postma. "Spatial distribution of arsenic in groundwater in the northwestern Hanoi." Ministry of Science and Technology, Vietnam 63, no. 11 (November 24, 2021): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31276/vjst.63(11db).19-23.
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Arsenic contamination in groundwater is commonly found in alluvial plains of major river basins, in which the Red river delta has also been reported to be contaminated with high levels of arsenic. In this study, groundwater from 50 household wells was collected to study the spatial distribution of arsenic in northwestern Hanoi. The results showed that arsenic concentration in groundwater varied in a wide range of less than 5 to 334 μg/l, of which up 62% of the wells exceeded the WHO guideline value of 10 μg/l for arsenic content in drinking water. Arsenic groundwater in this area is unevenly distributed throughout the area, high arsenic concentrations are found in a narrow band between Red river and Day river. This pattern of arsenic distribution is strongly related to the sediment age, sedimentary processes, and it is also modified by local groundwater flow parts and the occurrence of hydraulic connection between aquifers, which are observed in the study area. Arsenic is released into the groundwater during the reductive dissolution of arsenic-bearing minerals under the presence of organic matter.
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Saha, Sudip, A. H.M. Selim, and Mrinal Kanti Roy. "The geological setting of arsenic enrichment in groundwater of the shallow aquifers of the Tista Floodplain, Rangpur, Bangladesh." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 8, no. 2 (October 22, 2020): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v8i2.31116.
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Arsenic is present in water samples within the studied active floodplain areas of the Tista river, Rangpur Division, Bangladesh. All the water samples contain less arsenic than the WHO prescribed limit of 10 μg/L. 93.33% groundwater samples have higher Mn content than the permissible limit of 0.01 mg/L of WHO. The heavy metal concentrations of water can be expressed as Fe>Mn>Zn>As on the basis of their mean content. The heavy metals are negatively correlated with the well depth which is indicative of the influence of the anthropogenic activities on the concentrations of heavy metals. The arsenic concentration in water samples is higher in the central part of the study area. The coarser grain size, dominance of physical weathering, elevated topography and the effective flushing of groundwater resulted low concentration of arsenic in the groundwater. The EDS study reveals that arsenic occurs as coating materials of the silicate minerals. The river waters also have arsenic content lower than WHOs permissible limit. The factor analysis reveals that the iron and arsenic is released by the chemical weathering of arsenic bearing minerals like pyrite and arsenopyrite. The Fe and Mn derived in the groundwater by the chemical weathering of iron and manganese bearing minerals such as iron rich clay, silicate minerals and iron sulfides.
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Liu, Fan, Guanxing Huang, Jichao Sun, Jihong Jing, and Ying Zhang. "Distribution of arsenic in shallow aquifers of Guangzhou region, China: natural and anthropogenic impacts." Water Quality Research Journal 49, no. 4 (June 23, 2014): 354–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2014.014.
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To elucidate the distribution of arsenic in shallow aquifers of the Guangzhou region (South China), 85 groundwater samples were collected and 18 chemical parameters of them were analyzed. The arsenic concentration of groundwater ranged from below detection limit to 0.13 mg/L. The results showed that those areas with high arsenic concentration were characterized by porous aquifers, low-lying, relief topography and close proximity to fault belt and rivers. The reductive dissolution of Fe (hydr)oxides is the main control mechanism for arsenic enrichment in the river delta region where groundwater is mainly characterized by a reducing environment. This mechanism was well embodied in the areas with these geological and geographical features. Agricultural fertilizer could produce high levels of nitrate in groundwater and the reduction of it could restrain the enrichment of arsenic. Industrial effluents, sewage irrigation and the probable leakage from sewers could promote the arsenic content in groundwater by lateral flow and infiltration. In addition, the effect of ion competition between phosphate and arsenic occurred in sewer leakage areas characterized by middle-high construction leading to the elevation of arsenic concentrations. The arsenic distribution in groundwater was caused by these natural and anthropogenic factors jointly.
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Ren, Minghua, José Alfredo Rodríguez-Pineda, and Philip Goodell. "Arsenic Mineral in Volcanic Tuff, a Source of Arsenic Anomaly in Groundwater: City of Chihuahua, Mexico." Geosciences 12, no. 2 (February 1, 2022): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences12020069.
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Arsenic is a naturally occurring trace element that causes many health effects when present in drinking water. Elevated arsenic concentrations in water are often attributed to nearby felsic volcanic sequences; however, the specific rock units to which the groundwater anomalies can be accredited are rarely identified. The groundwater from wells around the city of Chihuahua, Mexico, contains high arsenic content. Arsenic in groundwater increases toward the base rock containing Tertiary volcanic rocks. Through detailed scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron microprobe (EMP) work, arsenic minerals are identified in the cavities of the Tertiary volcanic tuff from the northeast part of the Tabalaopa Basin, city of Chihuahua. Arsenic minerals, the As–Sr–Al phase (a possible arsenogoyazite–arsenoflorencite group mineral) crystallized in the vesicles of the tuff and the As–Y bearing phase included in biotite, prevail in the studied Tertiary volcanic outcrops. Based on the current study, the arsenic anomaly in the Tabalaopa–Aldama aquifer corresponds to these arsenic phases in the Tertiary volcanic rocks.
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Magalona, Maritess L., Milagros M. Peralta, Marivic S. Lacsamana, Veronica C. Sabularse, Amado B. Pelegrina, and Constancio C. De Guzman. "Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic (As(III) and Total As) and Some Physicochemical Parameters in Groundwater Samples from Selected Areas in Bulacan, Batangas, and Laguna, Philippines." KIMIKA 30, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26534/kimika.v30i2.28-38.
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Numerous cases of arsenic (As) poisoning from contaminated groundwater have been reported worldwide including the Philippines. The maximum contamination limit has been set by World Health Organization (WHO) for arsenic in drinking water at 10 ppb. This study determined the As(III) and total As content of groundwater samples in selected sites of Bulacan, Batangas, and Laguna by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The pH, temperature, conductivity, total solids, turbidity, and salinity of the groundwater samples were also determined during sample collection. Groundwater samples from Laguna were naturally warm, with collection temperatures exceeding 30 oC, compared to water samples from Batangas and Bulacan ((T = 27 to 29.5 ˚C). The pH and turbidity of all samples were found to comply with the limits based on acceptability set by the WHO and the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW). However, some samples had total dissolved solids and salinity beyond the limits set by the WHO and PNSDW guidelines. Moreover, some of the samples tested contained arsenite As(III), the more toxic form of arsenic, above 10 ppb whereas only one water sample tested had less than 10 ppb total arsenic content.
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Armienta, M. A., R. Rodríguez, and O. Cruz. "Arsenic Content in Hair of People Exposed to Natural Arsenic Polluted Groundwater at Zimapán, México." Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 59, no. 4 (October 1, 1997): 583–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900519.
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Trung, Dang Tran, Nguyen Thi Nhan, Than Van Don, Nguyen Kim Hung, Jolanta Kazmierczak, and Pham Quy Nhan. "The controlling of paleo-riverbed migration on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta, Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 42, no. 2 (May 9, 2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/0/0/14998.
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In the Red River Delta, the concentrations of Arsenic in groundwater of alluvial dominated systems are very high, exceeding the WHO’s permissible. The correlation between the Arsenic concentrations in groundwater and the age of Holocene sediment as a key controlling groundwater Arsenic concentration in the Red River delta has been investigated. The evolution of sediments in the Holocene is closely related to paleo-riverbed migration in the past. A combination of methods is implemented including remote sensing, multi-electrode profiling (MEP), gamma-logging, drilling, soil sample and groundwater modeling. The resul has identified the shape, sediment compositions and location of the six paleo-riverbed periods. The age of the paleo-riverbed is determined by drilling, soil sampling and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in the laboratory. The oldest sediments is 5.9±0.4 ka BP in Phung Thuong near the mountain, the youngest one is from 0.4÷0.6 ka BP in H-transect near the Red River and the rest of the other is around 3.5 ka BP. The modeling results by using MODFLOW and MT3D show that the dynamics of paleo-riverbeds controlling Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta. When the river moved to another position, the current river position at that time was filled with younger sediments and became paleo-riverbed formation with reducing conditions, Arsenic content which was adsorbed in the previous stage then released into groundwater. Therefore, Arsenic concentration in groundwater of young Holocene sediments is higher than in older ones which elucidates that paleo-riverbed migration controls on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the study area.
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Trung, Dang Tran, Nguyen Thi Nhan, Than Van Don, Nguyen Kim Hung, Jolanta Kazmierczak, and Pham Quy Nhan. "The controlling of paleo-riverbed migration on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta, Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 42, no. 2 (May 9, 2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/42/2/14998.
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In the Red River Delta, the concentrations of Arsenic in groundwater of alluvial dominated systems are very high, exceeding the WHO’s permissible. The correlation between the Arsenic concentrations in groundwater and the age of Holocene sediment as a key controlling groundwater Arsenic concentration in the Red River delta has been investigated. The evolution of sediments in the Holocene is closely related to paleo-riverbed migration in the past. A combination of methods is implemented including remote sensing, multi-electrode profiling (MEP), gamma-logging, drilling, soil sample and groundwater modeling. The resul has identified the shape, sediment compositions and location of the six paleo-riverbed periods. The age of the paleo-riverbed is determined by drilling, soil sampling and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) in the laboratory. The oldest sediments is 5.9±0.4 ka BP in Phung Thuong near the mountain, the youngest one is from 0.4÷0.6 ka BP in H-transect near the Red River and the rest of the other is around 3.5 ka BP. The modeling results by using MODFLOW and MT3D show that the dynamics of paleo-riverbeds controlling Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the Red River Delta. When the river moved to another position, the current river position at that time was filled with younger sediments and became paleo-riverbed formation with reducing conditions, Arsenic content which was adsorbed in the previous stage then released into groundwater. Therefore, Arsenic concentration in groundwater of young Holocene sediments is higher than in older ones which elucidates that paleo-riverbed migration controls on Arsenic mobilization in groundwater in the study area.
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Liu, Jing, Hua Yang, Yan Zuo, Zhi Min Ren, and De Jun Bian. "Experimental Study of Coagulation Treatment of the Arsenic-Containing Rural Drinking Groundwater." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2197.
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The arsenic-containing rural drinking groundwater was treated by coagulation method in the paper. It was studied that the varieties and dosages of coagulants, pH value and sedimentation time have an effect on removal of arsenic. The experimental results indicated that the rate of arsenic removal is able to reach 95.6% at room temperature and under the condition of neutral pH values, 20 mg of Fe2(SO4)3 as coagulant and 1 h of sedimentation time. The content of arsenic in the treated drinking groundwater can be up to the current national hygiene standards of rural drinking water (<0.05mg /L).
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Liu, Jing, Hua Yang, Yan Zuo, Zhi Min Ren, and De Jun Bian. "Experimental Study of Adsorption Treatment of the Arsenic-Containing Rural Drinking Groundwater." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1129.
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The arsenic-containing rural drinking groundwater was treated by adsorption method in the paper. It was studied that the varieties and dosages of adsorbents, pH value and adsorption time have an effect on removal of arsenic. The experimental results indicated that the rate of arsenic removal is able to reach 91.39% at room temperature and under the condition of neutral pH values, 2.0 g of zeolite as adsorbent and 1 h of adsorption time. The content of arsenic in the treated drinking groundwater can be up to the current national hygiene standards of rural drinking water (<0.05mg /L).
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Sobhanardakani, Soheil. "Health Risk Assessment of Inorganic Arsenic Through Groundwater Drinking Pathway in some Agricultural Districts of Hamedan, West of Iran." Avicenna Journal of Environmental Health Engineering 5, no. 2 (December 29, 2018): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ajehe.2018.10.
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Groundwater resources are an important portion of potable water in Hamedan Province, Iran. Therefore, monitoring the pollutants especially heavy metals in these resources are vital to protect the residents’ health. This study aimed to assess the health risks caused by inorganic arsenic pollution through groundwater drinking pathway in four important agricultural areas of Hamedan Province, Iran. In so doing, a total of 180 groundwater wells were chosen randomly for sampling during the spring and summer seasons in 2015. The samples were filtered (0.45 μm), preserved with HNO3 at a pH level lower than 2, and stored in acid-washed polyethylene bottles at 4°C for further analysis. Finally, arsenic content was determined using inductively coupled plasma- optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The results showed that the mean contents of arsenic (mg/L) in groundwater samples taken during the spring were 0.052 for Asadabad plain, 0.007 for Ghahavand plain, 0.006 for Razan plain, and 0.004 for Toyserkan Plain; whereas, the mean content in groundwater samples taken during the summer from Asadabad, Ghahavand, Razan, and Toyserkan plains were 0.058, 0.009, 0.007, and 0.004, respectively. Moreover, based on the computed values of the noncarcinogenic risk of groundwater samples from Asadabad plain, the hazard quotient (HQ) was greater than 1. Therefore, a non-carcinogenic effect is considered to be possible for the inhabitants of this study area. Accordingly, serious considerations including managing the use of agricultural inputs especially arsenical pesticides or herbicides and treatment of arsenic-contaminated groundwater with some proper methods before water ingestion are recommended.
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Marcheva, Zvezdelina, Tsvetan Kotsev, Assen Tchorbadjieff, and Velimira Stoyanova. "Modeling of arsenic dynamics in groundwater of а river floodplain contaminated with mine tailings: Ogosta River case, NW Bulgaria." Journal of the Bulgarian Geographical Society 48 (January 11, 2023): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jbgs.e99206.
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This study aims to reveal the arsenic dynamics in groundwater of а river floodplain contaminated with mine tailings under temperate climate conditions and natural river hydrodynamics. Arsenic concentrations were monitored in the primary morphological units of the floodplain in the upper stretch of the Ogosta River in NW Bulgaria. Iron, lead-silver, and gold mining heavily affected the river valley in the second half of the 20th century. We used groundwater monitoring data from 21 piezometers for the period 2016-2020. Based on the geochemical and geomorphological conditions in the valley, the piezometers were grouped into three clusters. Regression models were developed for each cluster and representative piezometers to predict arsenic concentrations. In the active floodplain, seasonal fluctuations in arsenic concentrations followed the river and groundwater regime. In this part of the valley floor, we determined two periods of elevated arsenic concentrations during the spring and autumn/winter seasons that coincide with high river water stages. Arsenic content in the groundwater of the higher floodplain was less dependent on the water level fluctuations but followed changes in redox potential, electrical conductivity, and water temperature. The obtained results showed the elaborated models as valuable tools for studying arsenic dynamics in alluvial aquifers of contaminated river floodplains. The suggested models could be coupled with groundwater monitoring systems to monitor arsenic concentrations and identify periods of the year with levels below and above threshold values.
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Marquez, Elia B., Patrick L. Gurian, Alberto Barud-Zubillaga, and Philip C. Goodell. "Correlates of Arsenic Mobilization into the Groundwater in El Paso, Texas." Air, Soil and Water Research 4 (January 2011): ASWR.S6356. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/aswr.s6356.
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This paper addresses the contamination of groundwater by arsenic, a naturally occurring phenomenon that has caused serious cases of arsenic poisoning around the world. While a number of chemical processes are known to be capable of mobilizing arsenic, the extent to which different processes are active in actual geological settings is much less clear. In this work, the El Paso, Texas region is analyzed as a case study to better understand the factors associated with high arsenic levels in groundwater. This study includes two basins that supply drinking water to approximately 2.5 million people. The average arsenic was 8.5 ppb, which is below the current American and WHO Maximum Contaminant Level of 10 ppb. However, arsenic concentrations reached approximately 80 ppb in three different locations. Governmental archival information was combined with field water sampling, and with leaching and analysis of solid phase materials from well cuttings (sediments of the aquifers). The study identifies evidence for both competitive desorption and reductive dissolution operating to mobilize arsenic, with the importance of different mechanisms likely varying throughout the aquifers. A mean of 21% of the solid arsenic content was leached out to solution at pH 9, and mean solid phase arsenic concentration was 4.3 ppm, solid phase iron 7000 ppm, and solid carbon 0.6%, consistent with arsenic desorption out of sediments into the aqueous phase. A potential role of geothermal waters was also identified at a southern hot spot. This information is important to better understand the basic science of the arsenic geochemical cycle and may also provide a rough guide as to where low arsenic waters may be found: groundwater with high potentiometric head and short flow paths, groundwater under the influence of surface water, and lower pH groundwater.
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Zhang, Zhihao, Changlai Xiao, Oluwafemi Adeyeye, Weifei Yang, and Xiujuan Liang. "Source and Mobilization Mechanism of Iron, Manganese and Arsenic in Groundwater of Shuangliao City, Northeast China." Water 12, no. 2 (February 14, 2020): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020534.
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Excessive levels of Fe, Mn and As are the main factors affecting groundwater quality in Songliao plain, northeast China. However, there are few studies on the source and mobilization mechanisms of Fe, Mn and As in the groundwater of Northeastern China. This study takes Shuangliao city in the middle of Songliao plain as an example, where the source and mobilization mechanisms of iron, manganese and arsenic in groundwater in the study area were analyzed by statistical methods and spatial analysis. The results show that the source of Fe and Mn in the groundwater of the platform is the iron and manganese nodules in the clay layer, while, in the river valley plain, it originates from the soil and the whole aquifer. The TDS, fluctuation in groundwater levels and the residence time are the important factors affecting the content of Fe and Mn in groundwater. The dissolution of iron and manganese minerals causes arsenic adsorbed on them to be released into groundwater. This study provides a basis for the rational utilization of groundwater and protection of people’s health in areas with high iron, manganese and arsenic contents.
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Lu, Shuai, Yimeng Yang, Hanling Yin, Xiaosi Su, Kaining Yu, and Chao Sun. "Microbial Community Structure of Arsenic-Bearing Groundwater Environment in the Riverbank Filtration Zone." Water 14, no. 10 (May 12, 2022): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101548.
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Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a global public health problem. Microorganisms have a great effect on the migration and transformation of arsenic. Studying the effect of microbial community structure and function on arsenic release in the groundwater environment of the riverbank filtration zone has important theoretical and practical significance. In this paper, in-situ monitoring technology and molecular biology technology were used to study the microbial community in the process of river water infiltration in the Shenyang Huangjia water source, China. The results showed that the structure, diversity and abundance of the microbial community in groundwater were closely related to the arsenic content. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in groundwater of the study area, and Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Sulfuritalea, Sphingomonas and Hydrogenophaga etc. were the main dominant bacterial genera. In addition to reducing and oxidizing arsenic, these functional microorganisms also actively participated in the biogeochemical cycle of elements such as iron, manganese, nitrogen and sulfur. There was a significant correlation between dominant bacteria and environmental factors. Fe/Mn had a significant positive correlation with As, which brought potential danger to the water supply in high iron and manganese areas.
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Nahar, N. "Causes and distribution of arsenic contamination in Bangladesh: evidence from the literature." Water Policy 11, no. 3 (June 1, 2009): 362–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2009.045.
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In attempting to eliminate disease caused by drinking polluted surface water, millions of tube-wells were drilled in Bangladesh. However, owing to arsenic in groundwater, the availability of safe drinking water has declined from earlier achievement of 97% to 51.2%. This article reviews the causes and distribution of arsenic concentration in rural Bangladesh from a wide variety of literature. Scientists have converged to two hypotheses for causes of arsenic in groundwater: the pyrite oxidation hypothesis and the oxy-hydroxide reduction hypothesis. There is a positive correlation between arsenic content in irrigated groundwater and arsenic contained in soils. There is a significant presence of arsenic in rice and leafy vegetables. Today, arsenic is causing toxicity to human health and creating major social problems. This finding implies that, had there been a precautionary measure taken when a new technology tube-well was being introduced, in the form of testing water for harmful metals, the risk that the rural population is facing now could have been drastically reduced. This lack of precautionary measure, before starting a mass installation of tube-wells for drinking and irrigation should be seen as a “human error” and avoided in future water policy and planning.
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Azcue, José M. "Environmental significance of elevated natural levels of arsenic." Environmental Reviews 3, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/a95-010.
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Globally, arsenic introduced into the biosphere by human activities has greatly surpassed arsenic from natural sources, the supply of the element from these two sources being approximately 60 and 40%, respectively. However, numerous regions of the world have elevated concentrations of arsenic from natural sources. Arsenopyrite may contain up to 6000 μg∙g−1 of arsenic and the weathering of such geological materials can increase the levels of arsenic in groundwater. Long-term consumption of groundwater containing elevated concentrations of arsenic has caused natural chronic arsenic intoxication in local populations in Taiwan, Mexico, Chile, Argentina, and other countries. An endemic disease commonly called blackfoot disease, which is also caused by arsenic in drinking water, was documented in Taiwan in 1963. For more than 80 years local populations had consumed well water with arsenic concentrations as high as 1829 μg∙L−1. The widespread geographical distribution of minerals with high arsenic content suggests that many new regions with natural arsenic contamination will be identified in the near future.Key words: arsenic, natural, cycling, chronic, contamination.
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Antanasijevic, Davor, Natasa Lukic, Viktor Pocajt, Aleksandra Peric-Grujic, and Mirjana Ristic. "Analysis of selected elements in water in the drinking water preparation plants in Belgrade, Serbia." Chemical Industry 65, no. 2 (2011): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind101027001a.
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Belgrade's water supply relies mainly on the River Sava and groundwater supply wells, which are located in the vicinity of the river and Ada Ciganlija. In this paper, the content of aluminum, boron, chromium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, barium and lead was analyzed in raw water as well as drinking water distributed by the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. A total of 14 samples were examined from all water treatment plants that are part of the distribution system. The measurements were conducted using the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) technique. The aim of this research was to examine the effectiveness of drinking water preparation process in the plants belonging to the Water Supply and Sewage of Belgrade. The content of certain elements varies considerably in raw water (river and groundwater): the concentration of boron in river water is two to three times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of arsenic in river water is ten to twenty five times lower than the concentration in groundwater; the concentration of aluminum in all groundwater samples was below the detection limit of the instrument (0.50 ?g/dm3), whilst in the river water the content of aluminum was about 50 ?g/dm3 and the concentration of manganese in the river water was up to 10 times lower than the concentrations in groundwater. In all drinking water samples the concentration of the elements were bellow the maximum allowed levels according to the Serbian regulations. Correlation coefficients determined for boron, manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, arsenic, barium and lead, which were analyzed in raw waters, show that four groups of elements can be distinguished. Boron, manganese, arsenic and barium are related to each other and probably have a common natural origin; copper and lead probably have a common anthropogenic origin; correlation of nickel and cobalt was observed, while zinc was not in correlation with any other element.
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Nazmul Haque, Mohammad, A. H.M. Selim Reza, Sohail Kabir, Md Aminul Ahsan, Sudip Saha, and Ahedul Akbor. "Assessment of heavy metals contamination of the water resources in the vicinity of Barapukuria Coal Mine, Phulbari, Dinajpur, NW Bangladesh." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 8, no. 2 (October 22, 2020): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v8i2.31103.
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The present research work shows that the concentrations of heavy metals can be expressed as Fe>Mn>Zn>Ni>Cr>Pb>Co>As in the groundwater of Phulbari area, Dinajpur, Bangladesh on the basis of their abundance. The Plio-Pleistocene Dupi Tila aquifer sediment is principally composed of quartz, feldspar and lithic grains and is characterized by low ZTR index. Seventeen groundwater samples have higher iron concentrations than the permissible limit of WHO, 2004. The chemical weathering of pyrite release iron in the natural water of the study area. The manganese content of two groundwater samples is higher than the acceptable limit. The high abundance of potassium in 11.11% water samples is indicative of the influence of agricultural activity in the investigated area. The factor analysis reveals the dominance of four factors that comprise 77.276% of the groundwater sample. The contamination index (Cd) for the heavy metals were performed and 88.89% of the groundwater samples have low contamination index. The calcium of the groundwater is resulted from the dissolution of carbonate rocks. The low arsenic concentrations indicate the fast flowing nature of the groundwater and/or low arsenic content of the aquifer sediments. The low cobalt content of the groundwater reflects the low cobalt concentration of the aquifer sediments. The heavy metal chemistry of the groundwater of the study area reveals that the quality of the water is influenced by the geogenic sources as well as the anthropogenic activities like coal mining and agricultural activities.
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Solis, Kurt Louis B., Reygie Q. Macasieb, Roel C. Parangat, Augustus C. Resurreccion, and Joey D. Ocon. "Spatiotemporal Variation of Groundwater Arsenic in Pampanga, Philippines." Water 12, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 2366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092366.
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Several confirmed cases of arsenic (As) poisoning have been reported in Central Luzon, the Philippines, in recent years. There is a growing interest in As research in the Philippines due to the reported As poisoning cases. However, an extensive spatiotemporal As study has not been conducted. In this work, As concentration measurements were conducted in 101 wells in Guagua, Pampanga, in Central Luzon, the Philippines, from November 2018 to November 2019. The wells included 86 public hand pumps, 10 pumping stations, and 5 private, jet-powered pumps. Using hydride generation—inductively coupled plasma—optical emission spectroscopy (HG-ICP-OES), analysis of the wells in 12 barangays in Guagua revealed that 38.7% had average As concentrations beyond the 10 ppb limit with some wells having high Mn (4.0 ppm) and Fe (2.0 ppm) content as well. The high pH and reducing conditions in the wells in Guagua may have contributed to the persistence of As in the groundwater. The mean difference in wet season versus dry season As measurements were −4.4 (As < 10 ppb), −13.2 (10 to 50 ppb As), and −27.4 (As > 50 ppb). Eighty-three wells (82.2%) had higher As concentrations in the dry season, 8 wells (7.92%) had higher As concentrations in the wet season, 7 wells (6.93%) had no significant difference between the wet and dry season, and 3 wells had been decommissioned. These results indicate that there is a significant difference in As concentrations in the wet and dry seasons, and this could have implications in water treatment technology and policy implementation. The work resulted in the first year-long characterization of groundwater As in the Philippines.
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Manna, Biswaranjan, and Uday Chand Ghosh. "Pilot-Scale Performance of Iron and Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater." Water Quality Research Journal 40, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2005.007.
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Abstract Pilot-scale performance in reducing excess iron and arsenic from contaminated groundwater has been systematically reported. Here, a double column unit, the first packed with β-MnO2 and the second with crystalline FeOOH (goethite variety), with filters attached to the outlet of hand-pump tube-wells has been used in the field. Results showed that the filters generate 10,000 to 15,000 BV and 19,000 to 35,000 BV water with iron ≤ 0.3 mg/L and arsenic ≤10 µg/L from groundwater having influent iron and arsenic levels of 3.75 to 7.25 mg/L and 70 to 220 µg/L, respectively. The downflow rate of effluent water was 237.6 to 305.5 L/m2-min. The performance results were achieved with a single charging of the iron and arsenic removal media. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests of the waste (arsenic content: 2.4 g/kg) showed that it is not hazardous to the environment and does not pose any risk to users. Cost evaluation showed $US0.50 to 0.70 per 1000 gallons of treated water and, hence, the technology is cost-effective for countries such as India and Bangladesh.
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Khwamsawat, Kannika, Jukkrit Mahujchariyawong, and Supamas Danwittayakul. "Using ZnO Nanorods Coated Porous Ceramic Monolith to Remove Arsenic from Groundwater." Key Engineering Materials 751 (August 2017): 756–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.751.756.
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Arsenic contaminants in drinking water pose a threat to human health. In this study, we report the use of nanotechnology to enhance the efficiency of arsenic removal. In here, zinc oxide (ZnO) has been selected for this application due to its environmentally friendly to human being. One-dimensional ZnO nanorods were grown on porous ceramic substrate by hydrothermal technique. The monolith nano-adsorbents were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM, Hitachi, SE-8030), while phase compositions and specific surface area were examined by x-ray diffractometer (XRD, PAnalitical, X’Pert PRO). Experiments of arsenic adsorption were conducted by using 200 ppb arsenic concentration solution with a continuously stirring system. After the adsorption, each water sample was then measured the arsenic content by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscope (ICP-OES) as compare to the original water sample to calculate the percentage of arsenic removal. We found that morphology of nano-adsorbent on using the growth solution concentration of 20mM of growth solution concentration and 20 hours of growth time showed the highest density of ZnO hexagonal nanorods with about 100 nm in diameter. The optimization studies obtained 30 minute of adsorption time, pH as 7. This nano-adsorbent exhibited about 98% of arsenic removal. For the comparison with commercial adsorbent (As600), ZnO nano-adsorbent has a better efficiency. The strong competitive ion on the arsenic removal was PO43-. Moreover, the real groundwater after treatment doesn’t have any toxic residue. Therefore, ZnO nanorods coated on porous ceramic can be the candidate material for arsenic removal from groundwater.
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Corsini, Anna, Lucia Cavalca, Gerard Muyzer, and Patrizia Zaccheo. "Effectiveness of various sorbents and biological oxidation in the removal of arsenic species from groundwater." Environmental Chemistry 11, no. 5 (2014): 558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/en13210.
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Environmental context Arsenic contamination of aquifers is a worldwide public health concern and several technologies have been developed to reduce the arsenic content of groundwater. We investigated the efficiency of various materials for arsenic removal from groundwater and found that iron-based sorbents have great affinity for arsenic even if groundwater composition can depress their ability to bind arsenic. Moreover, we showed that the use of microorganisms can enhance the removal of arsenic from groundwater. Abstract The AsIII and AsV adsorption capacity of biochar, chabazite, ferritin-based material, goethite and nano zero-valent iron was evaluated in artificial systems at autoequilibrium pH (i.e. MilliQ water without adjusting the pH) and at approximately neutral pH (i.e. TRIS-HCl, pH 7.2). At autoequilibrium pH, iron-based sorbents removed 200μgL–1 As highly efficiently whereas biochar and chabazite were ineffective. At approximately neutral pH, sorbents were capable of removing between 17 and 100% of AsIII and between 3 and 100% of AsV in the following order: biochar<chabazite<ferritin-based material<goethite<nano zero-valent iron. Chabazite, ferritin-based material and nano zero-valent iron oxidised AsIII to AsV and ferritin-based material was able to reduce AsV to AsIII. When tested in naturally As-contaminated groundwater, a marked decrease in the removal effectiveness occurred, due to possible competition with phosphate and manganese. A biological oxidation step was then introduced in a one-phase process (AsIII bio-oxidation in conjunction with AsV adsorption) and in a two-phase process (AsIII bio-oxidation followed by AsV adsorption). Arsenite oxidation was performed by resting cells of Aliihoeflea sp. strain 2WW, and arsenic adsorption by goethite. The one-phase process decreased As in groundwater to 85%, whereas the two-phase process removed up to 95% As, leaving in solution 6μgL–1 As, thus meeting the World Health Organization limit (10μgL–1). These results can be used in the scaling up of a two-phase treatment, with bacterial oxidation of As combined to goethite adsorption.
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Kabir, M. S., M. A. Salam, D. N. R. Paul, M. I. Hossain, N. M. F. Rahman, Abdullah Aziz, and M. A. Latif. "Spatial Variation of Arsenic in Soil, Irrigation Water, and Plant Parts: A Microlevel Study." Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2186069.
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Arsenic pollution became a great problem in the recent past in different countries including Bangladesh. The microlevel studies were conducted to see the spatial variation of arsenic in soils and plant parts contaminated through ground water irrigation. The study was performed in shallow tube well command areas in Sadar Upazila (subdistrict), Faridpur, Bangladesh, where both soil and irrigation water arsenic are high. Semivariogram models were computed to determine the spatial dependency of soil, water, grain, straw, and husk arsenic (As). An arsenic concentration surface was created spatially to describe the distribution of arsenic in soil, water, grain, straw, and husk. Command area map was digitized using Arcview GIS from the “mouza” map. Both arsenic contaminated irrigation water and the soils were responsible for accumulation of arsenic in rice straw, husk, and grain. The accumulation of arsenic was higher in water followed by soil, straw, husk, and grain. Arsenic concentration varied widely within command areas. The extent and propensity of arsenic concentration were higher in areas where high concentration of arsenic existed in groundwater and soils. Spherical model was a relatively better and appropriate model. Kriging method appeared to be more suitable in creating interpolated surface. The average arsenic content in grain was 0.08–0.45 mg/kg while in groundwater arsenic level it ranged from 138.0 to 191.3 ppb.
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Manna, Biswa Ranjan, Soumen Dey, Sushanta Debnath, and Uday Chand Ghosh. "Removal of Arsenic from Groundwater using Crystalline Hydrous Ferric Oxide (CHFO)." Water Quality Research Journal 38, no. 1 (February 1, 2003): 193–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2003.013.
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Abstract Synthesis of crystalline hydrous ferric oxide (CHFO), a modified iron-based adsorbent, and its arsenic sorption behaviour have been reported. Here, the effects of pH with variation of arsenic concentrations, contact time, pre-drying of CHFO, competition of some other anions and regeneration of arsenicsaturated CHFO are conducted by batch method. The sorption of As(V) is highly dependent on the concentration and pH of the experimental system, while that for As(III) is pH insensitive. As(III) is found to require less contact time to attain equilibrium than that of arsenic(V). Pre-drying of CHFO in the temperature range of 200 to 300°C is found to be effective in removing both As(III) and As(V). Adsorption kinetics follow the first-order Lagergren model. The equilibrium data conform to the Langmuir isotherm. Evaluated Langmuir constants and equilibrium parameter (RL) indicate that CHFO is a better As(III) adsorbent under experimental conditions. Sulphate, phosphate and bicarbonate compete poorly with As(III) sorption. A field test using CHFO-packed fixed-bed column is reported. Effluent water bed volumes of 14,000, 11,000 and 9000 BV (arsenic ≤ 0.01 mg L-1) were obtained in the first, second and third cycle of operation from a groundwater sample (arsenic content: 320.400 μg L-1). Regeneration of the exhausted column was achieved with up to 80 to 85% efficiency using 3 BV of 5 M NaOH solution recycled through the column five times. Arsenic was recovered as As2S3 from the regenerates, to avoid recycling of arsenic into the environment.
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Carrillo, A., and J. I. Drever. "Environmental assessment of the potential for arsenic leaching into groundwater from mine wastes in Baja Cali- fornia Sur, Mexico." Geofísica Internacional 37, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.1998.37.1.2158.
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Arsenolite (As203)was historically produced as a byproduct of gold and silver extraction in southernmost Baja California Peninsula. There are in the San Antonio-El Triunfo area more than 800,000 tonnes of mine waste material with an average content of 4% arsenic oxide. The chemical reaction to produce arsenic trioxide (arsenolite) was the oxidation of arsenopyrite (AsFeS) with gold (ore) to produce iron oxides (Fe203) with gold and releasing SO2and As203 fumes. During the process the arsenic fumes sublimated onto the inner walls of old, mineral processing plants. When the chambers filled up, they were periodically emptied out on big piles of oxidized tailings. But once the plants were abandoned, the chambers remain half filled with approximately 600 tonnes of pure arsenolite. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) indicate that the trace element content in the arsenolite and its banded structure may be due to the use of different ore for gold and silver extraction. A rough but conservative analysis of the potential leaching, based on results of the humidity cell test on mine waste material (arsenolite and arsenolite-bearing oxidized tailings) indicates that from 0.5 to 2.0 mg/l arsenic could be released into the groundwater system of the region.
Real world data from the local aquifer show a close match with the calculations, indicating the close relation between arsenic content in tailings and groundwater.
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Bandyopadhyay, Abhijit. "Cytogenetic Responses of Plant Root Meristematic Cells to the Arsenic (III) Contaminated Groundwater in Eastern Parts of Burdwan District, W.B., India." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 1, no. 01 (August 31, 2015): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v1i1.7116.
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Both geogenic and anthropogenic activities have resulted in arsenic pollution of groundwater especially in the Eastern region of Burdwan district in West Bengal. Response of Allium cepa L. genetic material to the presence of potential cytotoxic and genotoxic substances in aquatic environment was used to evaluate the arsenic contaminated groundwater-induced genotoxicity and hormesis. For in situ monitoring of the cytotoxicity level, the inhibition of mitosis in root meristematic cells was assayed. To study genotoxicity, micronucleus assay and DNA purity assay (by A260/280 ratio) were used. Treatment for 4 days of newly developed roots of Allium cepa L. with water samples with arsenic content 50 μg L-1 exhibited stimulation in mitotic activity whereas samples with arsenic 1000 μg L-1 showed inhibition of mitotic activity apparently indicating hormesis. Inhibition of mitosis was compared with the concentration dependent increase in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell death, decrease in activity of antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase), the absorbance ratio (A260/280) of DNA, or micronuclei in root cells. These findings indicated that contaminated groundwater depending on the magnitude of the arsenic concentration, might either be mitogenic or mitostatic/toxic, which in turn has obvious implications in agriculture and human health.
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Mirza, Nosheen, Qaisar Mahmood, Mohammad Maroof Shah, Arshid Pervez, and Sikander Sultan. "Plants as Useful Vectors to Reduce Environmental Toxic Arsenic Content." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/921581.
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Arsenic (As) toxicity in soil and water is an increasing menace around the globe. Its concentration both in soil and environment is due to natural and anthropogenic activities. Rising arsenic concentrations in groundwater is alarming due to the health risks to plants, animals, and human beings. Anthropogenic As contamination of soil may result from mining, milling, and smelting of copper, lead, zinc sulfide ores, hide tanning waste, dyes, chemical weapons, electroplating, gas exhaust, application of municipal sludge on land, combustion of fossil fuels, As additives to livestock feed, coal fly ash, and use of arsenical pesticides in agricultural sector. Phytoremediation can be viewed as biological, solar-driven, pump-and-treat system with an extensive, self-extending uptake network (the root system) that enhances the natural ecosystems for subsequent productive use. The present review presents recent scientific developments regarding phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated environments and its possible detoxification mechanisms in plants.
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Ciopec, Mihaela, Adina Negrea, Narcis Duteanu, Corneliu Mircea Davidescu, Iosif Hulka, Marilena Motoc, Petru Negrea, Oana Grad, and Delia Berceanu Vaduva. "As(III) Removal by Dynamic Adsorption onto Amberlite XAD7 Functionalized with Crown Ether and Doped with Fe(III) Ions." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 7 (August 15, 2019): 2330–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.7.7333.
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Arsenic content in groundwater�s present a wide range of concentration, ranging from hundreds of micrograms to thousands of micrograms of arsenic per litter, while the maximum permitted arsenic concentration established by World Health Organization (WHO) is 10 mg L-1. According to the WHO all people, regardless of their stage of development and their social economic condition, have the right to have access to adequate drinking water. The most efficient and economic technique used for arsenic removal is represented by adsorption. In order to make this remediation technique more affordable and environmentally friendly is important to new materials with advance adsorbent properties. Novelty of present paper is represented by the usage of a new adsorbent material obtained by physical - chemical modification of Amberlite XAD polymers using crown ethers followed by iron doping, due to well-known affinity of arsenic for iron ions. Present paper aims to test the obtained modified Amberlite polymer for arsenic removal from real groundwater by using adsorption in a fixed bed column, establishing in this way a mechanism for the adsorption process. During experimental work was studied the influence of competing ions from real water into the arsenic adsorption process.
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Rapant, Stanislav, and Katarína Krčmová. "Health risk assessment maps for arsenic groundwater content: application of national geochemical databases." Environmental Geochemistry and Health 29, no. 2 (January 26, 2007): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10653-006-9072-y.
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Fetisova, N. F. "Arsenic speciation and sorption in acid mine drainage and the polluted water of the Kosva river basin, Russia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 962, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/962/1/012050.
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Abstract Acid mine drainage (AMD) of the abandoned coal mines of the Kizelovsky coal basin (the Urals, Russia) is one of the worst natural disasters in the region. Acidic sulphate waters with a high content of metals freely flow into the surface water bodies. Arsenic, found in elevated concentrations in AMD, is an element of concern due to its potential toxicity to humans and animals. The aim of this work is determination of chemical speciation of inorganic arsenic in AMD as well as the surface water and groundwater affected by mine drainage, and assessment the natural removal of As from mine drainage due to adsorption on precipitated hydrous ferric oxide (HFO). Geochemical speciation (PHREEQC) revealed that arsenic occurs in all water samples as As(V). Surface complexation model shows that, HFO induced by the natural attenuation process may remove 46–85% of total arsenic in AMD and only 28% in polluted groundwater (on average).
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Moreno-Bárcenas, Alejandra, Jesús Alejandro Arizpe-Zapata, Julio Alejandro Rivera Haro, Pamela Sepúlveda, and Alejandra Garcia-Garcia. "Jute Fibers Synergy with nZVI/GO: Superficial Properties Enhancement for Arsenic Removal in Water with Possible Application in Dynamic Flow Filtration Systems." Nanomaterials 12, no. 22 (November 11, 2022): 3974. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12223974.
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Groundwater is one of the primary sources of water for both drinking and industrial use in northeastern Mexican territory, around 46% of the total, due to the lack of precipitation during the year and solar radiation index. The presence of arsenic in brackish soil and groundwater is a severe health issue, specifically in semi-arid and arid regions in the north of Mexico. Additionally, it represents the only source of drinking water in communities far from big cities, mainly due to the absence of hydric infrastructure. This work presents a new approach to treating polluted water with arsenic. The system based on activating jute fiber with nanoparticles of zero-valent iron immobilized over graphene oxide will allow nZVI particles to preserve their unique qualities for water sanitization. A dynamic flow test was designed to determine the effectivity of activated jute fibers as a water sanitation system. The results showed a reduction in the total arsenic content from 350 ppb to 34 ppb with a filtrate flow of 20 mL/min. The above represents 90% adsorption by the activated fiber. The analyzed sample corresponds to contaminated groundwater taken from Coahuila, Mexico. This sanitation system could be applied to low-income populations lacking robust infrastructure, such arsenic treatment plants.
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Bajpai, Rajesh, Vertika Shukla, Upasana Pandey, and D. K. Upreti. "Do Lichens have the Ability to Remove Arsenic from Water?" INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT AND ENVIRONMENT 5, no. 01 (January 1, 2019): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18811/ijpen.v5i01.8.
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Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a serious threat to human health. Apart from anthropogenic sources, favorable geological conditions also result in elevation of the arsenic problem in Asia, especially in South East Asia. More than 100 million people in South East Asian countries especially Bangladesh, West Bengal (India), Vietnam, China, drink and cook with arsenic-contaminated water, which causes chronic health problems for a long time. A large number of mechanism for removing As from drinking water includes the use of filters, which differ in their efficiency and applicability. In the present study, we propose the use of biofilters prepared from lichen biowaste for removal of arsenic from contaminated water. Six lichen species were tested for the applicability as biofilters. The physicochemical analysis confirmed the presence of high elemental (C, N, H, O) content in the treated lichen species. It was observed that species having high elemental content were able to remove arsenic more effectively.
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Xiao, Cong, Yuzhu Chen, Teng Ma, and Wen Xiong. "Impact of Pressure on Arsenic Released from Pore Water in Clayey Sediment." Toxics 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2022): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120738.
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Overpumping can cause arsenic to be released from the pore water in clayey aquitards into aquifers. The amount of water pumped during groundwater exploitation may change over time, leading to different soil-compaction rates or patterns. However, the impact of pressure on the release of arsenic during the compaction of a clayey aquitard is poorly understood. We performed a laboratory-compaction experiment using clayey sediment to identify the effects of compaction rates and patterns on arsenic release by analyzing the chemical characteristics and arsenic species present in pore water samples collected at different stages of the compaction experiment. A rapid (PV increased linearly) and a slow (PV increased exponentially) water-release patterns were recognized according to the compaction rate. We observed that arsenic concentrations in the slow pattern (6.7 to 36.4 μg/L) were considerably higher than those in the rapid pattern (7.6 to 16.1 μg/L). Furthermore, concentrations were the highest in the accelerated compaction pattern (16.8 to 47.4 μg/L), followed by those in the constant and decelerated patterns (4.3 to 14.4 μg/L). Overall, compaction rate and pattern did not alter the arsenic-release mechanism; however, they did alter the moisture content of the sediment at each stage, which indirectly led to differences in the released arsenic concentrations. These results suggest that pumping rates and patterns must be considered to prevent arsenic contamination in groundwater-extraction scenarios.
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Chang, Qigang, and Wei Lin. "Impact of the Iron Content of Fe-GAC on Arsenic Breakthrough for Groundwater Remediation." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2011, no. 15 (January 1, 2011): 1673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864711802713009.
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Pawlak, Z., T. Rauckyte, S. Zak, and P. Praveen. "STUDY OF ARSENIC CONTENT IN MINE GROUNDWATER COMMONLY USED FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION IN UTAH." Environmental Technology 29, no. 2 (February 2008): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330802028956.
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Ullah, Habib, Shabbir Hussain, and Asrar Ahmad. "Study on Arsenic Poisoning by Worldwide Drinking Water, its Effects and Prevention." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.vol10.iss2.2019.265.
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The present studies were conducted to evaluate the arsenic poisoning worldwide in drinking water. Arsenicnot only contaminates the surface and groundwater but also enters into food chains like vegetables and food staff.Human beings are directly exposed to arsenic poisoning due to consumption of water resources containing arsenic. Seafoods and fish are two main sources of arsenic in human diet. Consumption of arsenic poisoned water can cause severehealth problems like cancer, hyperkeratosis, gangrene and peripheral vascular diseases. The arsenic is excreted from thebody trough skin, hair, urine, breath etc. Arsenic poisoning can be diagnosed by the measurement of total amount ofarsenic in urine. Symptoms of arsenic poisoning include red or swollen skin, changes in the skin color, abdominal pain,vomiting and nausea, diarrhea, cramping of muscles, finger and toe tingling etc. Arsenic poisoning may be relievedthrough steroid ingestion at its early stage or use of selenium. It is very difficult to remove all the arsenic from waterbodies so the main remedy is to stop drinking water having arsenic content. Arsenic poisoning also affects the plant ‘syield, its reproductive capacity, fertility and fruit production. Arsenic accumulation in plants will damage the cellularmembranes and may lead to the leaking of electrolyte.
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Ullah, Habib, Shabbir Hussain, and Asrar Ahmad. "Study on Arsenic Poisoning by Worldwide Drinking Water, its Effects and Prevention." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 10, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ojs.v10i2.265.
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The present studies were conducted to evaluate the arsenic poisoning worldwide in drinking water. Arsenicnot only contaminates the surface and groundwater but also enters into food chains like vegetables and food staff.Human beings are directly exposed to arsenic poisoning due to consumption of water resources containing arsenic. Seafoods and fish are two main sources of arsenic in human diet. Consumption of arsenic poisoned water can cause severehealth problems like cancer, hyperkeratosis, gangrene and peripheral vascular diseases. The arsenic is excreted from thebody trough skin, hair, urine, breath etc. Arsenic poisoning can be diagnosed by the measurement of total amount ofarsenic in urine. Symptoms of arsenic poisoning include red or swollen skin, changes in the skin color, abdominal pain,vomiting and nausea, diarrhea, cramping of muscles, finger and toe tingling etc. Arsenic poisoning may be relievedthrough steroid ingestion at its early stage or use of selenium. It is very difficult to remove all the arsenic from waterbodies so the main remedy is to stop drinking water having arsenic content. Arsenic poisoning also affects the plant ‘syield, its reproductive capacity, fertility and fruit production. Arsenic accumulation in plants will damage the cellularmembranes and may lead to the leaking of electrolyte.
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Nath, B., Z. Berner, S. Basu Mallik, D. Chatterjee, L. Charlet, and D. Stueben. "Characterization of aquifers conducting groundwaters with low and high arsenic concentrations: a comparative case study from West Bengal, India." Mineralogical Magazine 69, no. 5 (October 2005): 841–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461056950292.
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AbstractPossible relationships between groundwater arsenic concentration and alluvial sediment characteristics in a ∼19 km2 area in West Bengal have been investigated using a combination of hydrogeochemical, lithogeochemical and geophysical techniques. Arsenic hotspots, typically associated with elevated groundwater Fe and Mn, were found to be correlated to some extent with old river channels (abandoned meanders, oxbow lakes), where sandy aquifers included intercalated fine-grained overbank deposits, rich in As, Fe, Mn and Corg. Otherwise no demonstrably significant overall differences in any of lithology, grain-size distribution, mineral composition or Fe, Mn and organic C content of the sediments were found between two representative sites with contrastingly low (<50 μg 1—1) and high (>200 μg 1—1) As groundwater contents.Our results are consistent with microbially mediated redox reactions controlled by the presence of natural organic matter within the aquifer and the occurrence of As-bearing redox traps, primarily formed by Fe and Mn oxides/hydroxides, being the most important factors which control the release of As into shallow groundwaters at the study site.
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Kazmierczak, Jolanta, Dieke Postma, Trung Dang, Hoan Van Hoang, Flemming Larsen, Andreas Elmelund Hass, Andreas Hvam Hoffmann, Rasmus Fensholt, Nhan Quy Pham, and Rasmus Jakobsen. "Groundwater arsenic content related to the sedimentology and stratigraphy of the Red River delta, Vietnam." Science of The Total Environment 814 (March 2022): 152641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152641.
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Mayorga, P., A. Moyano, Hossain M. Anawar, and A. García-Sánchez. "Temporal variation of arsenic and nitrate content in groundwater of the Duero River Basin (Spain)." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 58-60 (2013): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2013.04.001.
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Shar, Abdul Raheem. "Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Cadmium in Groundwater of Talukas Ghorabari and Mirpur Sakro, Sindh, Pakistan." Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry 22, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 100–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.21743/pjaec/2021.06.11.
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The current study was carried out for quantitative and risk assessment of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) from Talukas Ghora Bari and Mirpur Sakro. The concentration of Cd was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy instrument. The As concentration was measured with the help of the Arsenic Kit Method. For analysis of Cd, samples were prepared by the Microwave digestion method, whereas for As analysis, water samples were analyzed directly. The range of Cd content was observed from the studied areas as 1 – 10 μg/L and 1.2 – 11.2 μg/L, respectively. The groundwater water of Talukas Ghorabari and Mirpur Sakro showed the mean Cd content of 5 μg/L and 6.1 μg/L, respectively. The Cd contamination of 56% and 80% was found in Ghorabari and Mirpur Sakro, respectively. The range of As content of 0.00 – 50 μg/L and 10 – 80 μg/L was determined from Ghorabari and Mirpur Sakro, respectively. Hazard Quotient for Cd > 1 was found in 40% of both children and infants in the groundwater of the study area, which may cause non-carcinogenic risk. About 48% of water samples declared HQ values > 1 for adults in the water of Ghorabari. Since 84% of samples showed the HQ values > 1 for children and infants. The HQ values of As for Adults of the Mirpur Sakro were observed in 63.3% samples, whereas for children and infants, HQ values were found in 100% samples. It is therefore strongly recommended that groundwater must be treated before consumption by the people of the area under study.
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Ortiz Letechipia, Jennifer, Julián González-Trinidad, Hugo Enrique Júnez-Ferreira, Carlos Bautista-Capetillo, Cruz Octavio Robles-Rovelo, Ada Rebeca Contreras Rodríguez, and Sandra Dávila-Hernández. "Aqueous Arsenic Speciation with Hydrogeochemical Modeling and Correlation with Fluorine in Groundwater in a Semiarid Region of Mexico." Water 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14040519.
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In arid and semiarid regions, groundwater becomes the main source to meet the drinking water needs of large cities, food production, and industrial activities. For this reason, necessary studies must be carried out to estimate its quantity and quality, always seeking sustainable management, thus avoiding social conflicts or a decrease in the productive activities of humanity. This research explains the behavior of groundwater quality concerning arsenic speciation and its relationship with fluoride. The average total arsenic concentration of 19.95 µg/L and 20.29 µg/L is reported for the study period from 2015 to 2020, respectively, according to the Mexican standard. If the population drinks water directly, it is exposed to possible damage to health. The predominant arsenic species is As (V), with 95% and As (III) with 5%, this finding will allow us to define in greater detail the type of remediation that is required to reduce the content of this element in the water. Regarding the relationship between arsenic and fluorine, very small Pearson correlation coefficients of the order of 0.3241 and 0.3186 were found. The estimation of the space–time variation made it possible to identify the areas with the highest concentration of arsenic and fluorine, allowing the definition of the operating policies of these wells, thereby protecting the health of the inhabitants who consume this water.
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Ma, Wei Fang, Wen Jun Liu, Pan Yue Zhang, and Hao Guo. "Factors Influencing the Removal of As(V) from Groundwater by NF/RO." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 1074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.1074.
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The effect of coexisting sulfate [(SO4)2-], pH, and conversion rate on arsenic (As) removal from groundwater through nanofiltration, reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, and membrane fouling was studied. The results show that As concentration in permeate water was less than 10 μg/L when the feed As concentration was less than 135 μg/L, whereas As concentration after RO was less than 10 μg/L in all cases even if feed As concentration was more than 199 μg/L; these values in permeate water nearly meet the arsenic content level prescribed by China’s drinking water standards. The As rejection rate decreased with the increase in feed As and coexisting ion concentration, whereas the opposite occurred with regard to pH and conversion ratio. The decreasing percentage of the As rejection rate remained the same when arsenic concentration increased by 1 μmol or when (SO4)2- increased by 0.5 mol. The As rejection rate did not change significantly when the feed As concentration exceeded 200 μg/L. The As rejection rate increased when pH increased, and an ideal rejection rate was achieved at pH 6.5. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the main fouling component was CaCO3 which was deposited in the membrane pores and decreased the As rejection rate.
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Várallyay, Szilvia, Diána Szilva, Áron Soós, and Béla Kovács. "Comparative analysis of sample preparation methods to determine the concentration of arsenic in soil- and plant-samples." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 69 (March 23, 2016): 167–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/69/1807.
Full textAbstract:
Arsenic contamination of the fields and groundwater is a global problem. Alföld is the most affected area in Hungary. Irrigation witharsenic contaminated water, and crop production on the contaminated soil can cause a food safety problem, because arsenic is easy taken up by the cell of the plant roots. To prevent this, very important to monitoring the arsenic content of soils and plants. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a fast, easy method to determined the concentration of minerals in the case of plant and soil samples The analytical methods can give reliable, results if the analytical process, including the sample preparation method, is the best. The objective of this study was to compare 3 type of sample preparation method which was dry ashing, wet digestion in open system, and microwave digestion. As a result of our experiement shows the microwave digestion is the appropriate method to determined the arsenic content of soil samples. In the case of plant samples we can use wet digestion in open system or microwave digestion as a samle preparation method.
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Bamuwamye, Michael, Patrick Ogwok, Vivian Tumuhairwe, Richard Eragu, Henriettah Nakisozi, and Patrick Engeu Ogwang. "Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Kampala (Uganda) Drinking Water." Journal of Food Research 6, no. 4 (June 3, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v6n4p6.
Full textAbstract:
Levels of aluminium, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc in tap water, groundwater-fed protected spring and bottled water were determined. The cancer and non-cancer risks associated with ingestion of heavy metals (HM) were also assessed for both children and adults. Forty seven water samples obtained from five divisions of Kampala city were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cancer and non-cancer risks were determined using incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) and non-carcinogenic hazard quotient (HQ), respectively. Lead content was higher than permissible limits (PL) according to East African Standard, World Health Organization, European Union and United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Arsenic showed minor exceedances above guideline values in tap water and groundwater-fed protected spring, whereas mercury, manganese and nickel were higher than PL. Levels of aluminium, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, and zinc were below the PL. The lifetime risk of developing cancer through the oral route was greater than the USEPA acceptable level for both children and adults, revealing that exposure to HM in drinking water posed an unacceptable potential cancer risk. Arsenic contributed ca. 90% of the ILCR in tap water and groundwater-fed protected spring. The combined non-cancer risk of the HM expressed as hazard index (HI) was greater than one, with values for children being higher than those for adults. Lead contribution towards HI was in all cases above 90%. These results demonstrate the presence of alarming non-cancer risks for children.
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Rahman, Md Habibur, Md Mohashin Farazi, Kohinoor Begum, and Md Serazul Islam. "Transfer of Arsenic from Groundwater and Paddy Soil to Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Grain: A Micro Level Study in Chandina, Comilla." Agriculturists 12, no. 2 (January 25, 2015): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i2.21734.
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major food crops in many countries. As the cultivation of rice requires huge volume of water, long term use of Arsenic contaminated groundwater for irrigation may result in the increase of arsenic concentration in the agricultural soil and eventually accumulation in rice grains. A micro level study was conducted to investigate the transfer of arsenic from irrigation water and soil to rice plants in the arsenic affected 8 unions of Chandina upazilla, Comilla district. The level of arsenic in irrigation water (0.12±0.08 and 0.67±0.07 mg l-1) was much above the WHO permissible limit of 0.01 mg l-1 for drinking water and FAO permissible limit of 0.10 mg l-1 for irrigation water. The total soil arsenic concentrations ranged from 3.21±0.80 to 8.74±2.83 mg kg-1 dry weight of soil, which was below the maximum acceptable limit for agricultural soil of 20.0 mg kg-1 as recommended by the European Community. The accumulation of arsenic in the grain ranged from 0.12±0.04 to 0.58±0.06 mg kg-1 in Boro and 0.16±0.04 to 1.06±0.20 mg kg-1 in T. Aman. Except grain sample (T. Aman) of one union, the grains in both Boro and T. Aman of all unions did not exceed 1.0 mg kg-1 dry weight of arsenic (the permissible limit of arsenic in rice according to WHO recommendation). Thus, till now rice has remained harmless for consumption in the study area. The results clearly showed that the arsenic content in the grains of Boro rice is correlated to the intensity of arsenic contamination of irrigation water and soil. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 74-82
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Ye, Meng, Jin Huang, Rui Chen, and Qi Zhuang He. "Removeal of Arsenic(III) from Water by Using a New Class of Zero-Valent Iron Modified Mesoporous Silica Molecular Sieves SBA-15." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.423.
Full textAbstract:
An elevated arsenic (As) content in groundwater imposes a great threat to people worldwide. Thus, developing new and cost-effective methods to remove As from groundwater and drinking water becomes a priority. Using Zero-Valent iron (ZVI) to remove As from water is a proven technology. In this study, ZVI modified SBA-15 mesoporous silicamolecular sieves (ZVI-SBA-15), was prepared, characterized, and used for removing arsenic from water. Wet impregnation, drying, and calcination steps led to iron inclusion within the mesopores. Iron oxide was reduced to ZVI by NaBH4, and the ZVI modified SBA-15 was obtained. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the preparation process of the nitrate to oxide forms. The structure of the materials was confirmed by Powder X-ray diffraction. Its data indicated that the structure of ZVI-SBA-15 retained the host SBA-15 structure. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis revealed a decrease in surface area and pore size, indicating ZVI-SBA-15 coating on the inner surfaces. Transmission electron micrographs also confirmed that modified SBA-15 retained the structure of the parent SBA-15 silica.It has a high uptake capability(more than 90 pecent) make it potentially attractive absorbent for the removal of arsenic from water.