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1
Arumugam, Muruganantham, Prabakaran Kulandaisamy, Sivakumar Karthikeyan, Kongeswaran Thangaraj, Venkatramanan Senapathi, Sang Yong Chung, Subagunasekar Muthuramalingam, Muthuramalingam Rajendran, Sathish Sugumaran, and Siva Manimuthu. "An Assessment of Geospatial Analysis Combined with AHP Techniques to Identify Groundwater Potential Zones in the Pudukkottai District, Tamil Nadu, India." Water 15, no. 6 (March 13, 2023): 1101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061101.
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Groundwater is critical to the socioeconomic development of any region. Infiltration of surface water into the ground is influenced by a variety of factors such as soil pores, folds, fractures, faults, and joints, all of which contribute to groundwater recharge. Groundwater is an important source of freshwater in the drought-prone Pudukkottai district of Tamil Nadu, India. Therefore, the search for groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) is critical. The present study focuses on the investigation of potential groundwater zones using geospatial techniques. Geology, land use and land cover, geomorphology, soil, drainage density, lineament, and groundwater levels were obtained from state and non-state associations. ArcGIS version 10.8 was used to create all thematic layers and classified grids. The intensive use of groundwater in arid and semiarid regions is becoming a problem for the public to meet their freshwater needs. The condition of arid and semi-arid regions due to intensive groundwater extraction has become one of the most important environmental problems for the public. In this study, a powerful groundwater potential mapping technique was developed using integrated remote sensing data from GIS-AHP. Using AHP techniques, thematic layers for geology, geomorphology, and soil followed by drainage, drainage density and lineament, lineament density, slope, water level, and lithological parameters were created, classified, weighted, and integrated into a GIS environment. According to the results of the study, it is estimated that 14% of the groundwater potential in the study area is good, 49% is moderate and 36% is poor. A groundwater level map was used to verify the groundwater potential. In addition, the model was validated with a single-layer sensitivity analysis, which showed that geology was the most influential layer and water level was the least influential thematic layer. The low-potential areas identified on the groundwater potential map can be used for further study to identify ideal locations for artificial recharge. In low potential areas, the groundwater potential map can be used to find ideal locations for artificial recharge. The water table in the area must be raised by artificial recharge structures such as infiltration basins, recharge pits, and agricultural ponds. Artificial recharge structures such as infiltration basins, recharge pits, and agricultural ponds can be used for groundwater development in the low potential zones. The GWPZ map was successfully validated with three proxy data, such as the number of wells, groundwater level, and well density, obtained from well inventory information. The results of this study will improve our understanding of the geographic analysis of groundwater potential and help policy makers in this drought-prone area to create more sustainable water supply systems.
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Dabral, S., B. Bhatt, J. P. Joshi, and N. Sharma. "Groundwater suitability recharge zones modelling – A GIS application." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-347-2014.
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Groundwater quality in Gujarat state is highly variable and due to multiplicity of factors viz. influenced by direct sea water encroachment, inherent sediment salinity, water logging, overexploitation leading to overall deterioration in ground water quality, coupled with domestic and industrial pollution etc. The groundwater scenario in the state is not very encouraging due to imbalance between recharge and groundwater exploitation. Further, the demand for water has increased manifold owing to agricultural, industrial and domestic requirement and this has led to water scarcity in many parts of the state, which is likely to become more severe in coming future due to both natural and manmade factors. Therefore, sustainable development of groundwater resource requires precise quantitative assessment based on reasonably valid scientific principles. Hence, delineation of groundwater potential zones (GWPZ), has acquired great significance. <br><br> The present study focuses on the integrated Geospatial and Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques to determine the most important contributing factors that affect the groundwater resources and also to delineate the potential zones for groundwater recharge. The multiple thematic layers of influencing parameters viz. geology, geomorphology, soil, slope, drainage density and land use, weightages were assigned to the each factor according to their relative importance as per subject experts opinion owing to the natural setup of the region. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to these factors and potential recharge zones were identified. The study area for the assessment of groundwater recharge potential zones is Mahi-Narmada inter-stream region of Gujarat state. The study shows that around 28 % region has the excellent suitability of the ground water recharge.
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Khan, Mohd Yawar Ali, Mohamed ElKashouty, and Fuqiang Tian. "Mapping Groundwater Potential Zones Using Analytical Hierarchical Process and Multicriteria Evaluation in the Central Eastern Desert, Egypt." Water 14, no. 7 (March 25, 2022): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14071041.
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Exploring alternative freshwater resources other than those surrounding the Nile is critical to disperse Egypt’s population to other uninhabited desert areas. This study aims to locate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the water-scarce desert between the Qina and Safga-Bir Queh regions to build groundwater wells, thereby attracting and supporting people’s demand for water, food, and urban development. Multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) and analytical hierarchical process (AHP) techniques based on remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to map GWPZs. The outcome of the GWPZs map was divided into six different classes. High and very-high aquifer recharge potentials were localized in the middle and western parts, spanning 19.3% and 17% (16.4% and 15.7%) by MCE (AHP). Low and very low aquifer recharge potentials were distributed randomly in the eastern part over an area of 29% and 14.3% (26.9% and 6.1%) by MCE (AHP). Validation has been undertaken between the collected Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) and with the calculated GWPZs, indicating that the highest and lowest TDS concentrations of most aquifers are correlated with low to very low and high to very high aquifer potential, respectively. The study is promising and can be applied anywhere with similar setups for groundwater prospect and management.
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Uc Castillo, José Luis, Diego Armando Martínez Cruz, José Alfredo Ramos Leal, José Tuxpan Vargas, Silvia Alicia Rodríguez Tapia, and Ana Elizabeth Marín Celestino. "Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZs) in a Semi-Arid Basin through Remote Sensing, GIS, and AHP Approaches." Water 14, no. 13 (July 5, 2022): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14132138.
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Groundwater occurrence in semi-arid regions is variable in space and time due to climate patterns, terrain features, and aquifer properties. Thus, accurate delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZs) is essential for sustainable water resources management in these environments. The present research aims to delineate and assess GWPZs in a semi-arid basin of San Luis Potosi (SLP), Mexico, through the integration of Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information System (GIS), and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Seven thematic layers (geology, lineament density, land use and land cover, topographic wetness index (TWI), rainfall, drainage density, and slope) were generated in raster format. After the AHP procedure and rank assignment, the thematic layers were integrated using the raster calculator to obtain the GWPZs map. The results indicated that 68.21% of the area is classified as low groundwater potential, whereas 26.30% is classified as moderate. Validation was done by assessing the water residence time data from 15 wells distributed in the study area. Furthermore, the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve was obtained, indicating a satisfactory accuracy prediction (AUC = 0.677). This study provides valuable information for decision-makers regarding the conservation and sustainable management of groundwater resources.
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M., Ramachandra, Raghu Babu K., Rajasekhar M., and Pradeep Kumar B. "Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones using AHP and Geospatial Techniques in Western Part of Cuddapah Basin, Andhra Pradesh, India." Hydrospatial Analysis 3, no. 2 (February 2, 2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj3.19030202.
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Present study is carried out for delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones (GWPZ) in Western part of Cuddapah basin, Southern India using Remote Sensing (RS), Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Various categorized thematic maps: geology, geomorphology (GM), slope, soils, lineament density (LD), drainage density (DD) and gorundwater levels fluctuations (GWLF) were used for mapping and delineation of GWPZs. Suitable and normalized weights were assigned based on AHP to identify GWPZ. The GWPZ map was categorized into five GWPZs types: very poor, poor, moderate, good and very good. About 1.48% (6.05 km2) area is classified in ‘very good’, 25.95% (106.07 km2) in ‘good’, 47.11% (192.53 km2) in ‘moderate’, 22.12% (90.38 km2) in ‘poor’ and 3.34% (13.66 km2) in ‘very poor’ category. The acquired outcomes were validated with water levels fluctuations in pre- and post-monsoon seasons. GIS-based multi-criteria decision making approach is useful for preparation of precise and reliable data. The AHP approach, with the aptitudes of the geospatial data, various data bases can be combined to create conceptual model for identification and estimation of GWPZs.
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Pocco, Víctor, Samuel Chucuya, Germán Huayna, Eusebio Ingol-Blanco, and Edwin Pino-Vargas. "A Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Technique Using Remote Sensors to Evaluate the Potential of Groundwater in the Arid Zone Basin of the Atacama Desert." Water 15, no. 7 (March 30, 2023): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15071344.
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One of the most notable problems in the Atacama desert is the low occurrence of rainfall, which leads to a shortage of surface and groundwater for different users in the region. Therefore, the task of carrying out new exploration studies of potential groundwater zones (GWPZs) is of vital importance for decision-makers in water resources. The main objective of this research is to determine potential sources of groundwater using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making technique with remote sensors. A method of exploration using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques applied to remote sensing data is provided. The AHP method allows calculating the influence of multiple factors, and along with the GIS environment, a map of groundwater exploitation potential can be produced. The results indicating GWPZs showed four classifications of groundwater potential. The distribution shows 15.02%, 23.93%, 59.80%, and 1.25% of the total area with high, moderate, low, and very low potential, respectively. The results were validated with existing wells in the study area, offering an acceptance of 86.9%. This reveals the effectiveness and accuracy of the AHP-based GIS approach as a strategy for analyzing groundwater potential in arid zones. Similarly, the tested high GWP areas are helpful for the development and management of water resources in the Caplina basin.
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Masroor, Md, Haroon Sajjad, Pankaj Kumar, Tamal Kanti Saha, Md Hibjur Rahaman, Pandurang Choudhari, Luc Cimusa Kulimushi, Swades Pal, and Osamu Saito. "Novel Ensemble Machine Learning Modeling Approach for Groundwater Potential Mapping in Parbhani District of Maharashtra, India." Water 15, no. 3 (January 19, 2023): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030419.
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Groundwater is an essential source of water especially in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. The demand for water due to exponential increase in population has created stresses on available groundwater resources. Further, climate change has affected the quantity of water globally. Many parts of Indian cities are experiencing water scarcity. Thus, assessment of groundwater potential is necessary for sustainable utilization and management of water resources. We utilized a novel ensemble approach using artificial neural network multi-layer perceptron (ANN-MLP), random forest (RF), M5 prime (M5P) and support vector machine for regression (SMOReg) models for assessing groundwater potential in the Parbhani district of Maharashtra in India. Ten site-specific influencing factors, elevation, slope, aspect, drainage density, rainfall, water table depth, lineament density, land use land cover, geomorphology, and soil types, were integrated for preparation of groundwater potential zones. The results revealed that the largest area of the district was found under moderate category GWP zone followed by poor, good, very good and very poor. Spatial distribution of GWP zones showed that Poor GWPZs are spread over north, central and southern parts of the district. Very poor GWPZs are mostly found in the north-western and southern parts of the district. The study calls for policy implications to conserve and manage groundwater in these parts. The ensembled model has proved to be effective for assessment of GWP zones. The outcome of the study may help stakeholders efficiently utilize groundwater and devise suitable strategies for its management. Other geographical regions may find the methodology adopted in this study effective for groundwater potential assessment.
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Li, Shuhang, Mohamed Abdelkareem, and Nassir Al-Arifi. "Mapping Groundwater Prospective Areas Using Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Data Driven Frequency Ratio Techniques and Detecting Land Cover Changes in the Yellow River Basin, China." Land 12, no. 4 (March 29, 2023): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12040771.
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Groundwater is an essential resource that meets all of humanity’s daily water demands, supports industrial development, influences agricultural output, and maintains ecological equilibrium. Remote sensing data can predict the location of potential water resources. The current study was conducted in China’s Yellow River region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR). Through the use of a GIS-based frequency ratio machine learning technique, nine layers of evidence influenced by remote sensing data were generated and integrated. The layers used are soil characteristics, aspect, and roughness index of the terrain, drainage density, elevation, lineament density, depressions, rainfall, and distance to the river from the location. Six groundwater prospective zones (GWPZs) were found to have very low (13%), low (30%), moderate (25%), high (16%), very high (11%), and extreme potentiality (5.26%) values. According to well data used to validate the GWPZs map, approximately 40% of the wells are consistent to very high to excellent zones. Information about groundwater productivity was gathered from 150 well locations. Using well data that had not been used for model training, the resulting GWPZs maps were validated using area-under-the-curve (AUC) analysis. FR models have an accuracy rating of 0.759. Landsat data were used to characterize the study area’s changes in land cover. The spatiotemporal differences in land cover are detected and quantified using multi-temporal images which revealed changes in water, agricultural, and anthropogenic activities. Overall, combining different data sets through a GIS can reveal the promising areas of water resources that aid planners and managers.
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Allafta, Hadi, Christian Opp, and Suman Patra. "Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques: A Case Study of the Shatt Al-Arab Basin." Remote Sensing 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13010112.
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Rapid population growth has raised the groundwater resources demand for socio-economic development in the Shatt Al-Arab basin. The sustainable management of groundwater resources requires precise quantitative evaluation, which can be achieved by applying scientific principles and modern techniques. An integrated concept has been used in the current study to identify the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the Shatt Al-Arab basin using remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). For this purpose, nine groundwater occurrence and movement controlling parameters (i.e., lithology, rainfall, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, soil, land use/land cover, distance to river, and lineament density) were prepared and transformed into raster data using ArcGIS software. These nine parameters (thematic layers) were allocated weights proportional to their importance. Furthermore, the hierarchical ranking was conducted using a pairwise comparison matrix of the AHP in order to estimate the final normalized weights of these layers. We used the overlay weighted sum technique to integrate the layers for the creation of the GWPZs map of the study area. The map has been categorized into five zones (viz., very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor) representing 4, 51, 35, 9, and 1% of the study area, respectively. Finally, for assessing the effectiveness of the model, the GWPZs map was validated using depth to groundwater data for 99 wells distributed over the basin. The validation results confirm that the applied approach provides significantly solid results that can help in perspective planning and sustainable utilization of the groundwater resources in this water-stressed region.
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Trabelsi, Fatma, Salsebil Bel Hadj Ali, and Saro Lee. "Comparison of Novel Hybrid and Benchmark Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Groundwater Potentiality: Case of a Drought-Prone Region of Medjerda Basin, Northern Tunisia." Remote Sensing 15, no. 1 (December 27, 2022): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15010152.
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Water scarcity is a severe problem in Tunisia, particularly in the northern region crossed by the Medjerda River, where groundwater is a conjoint water resource that is increasingly exploited. The aim of this study is to delineate the groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the Lower Valley of the Medjerda basin by using single benchmark machine learning models based on artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), and support vector regression (SVR), and by developing a novel hybrid method, NB-RF-SVR, to reach the highest accuracy of groundwater potential prediction. Each model produced a spatial groundwater potential map (GPM) with the input of 26 groundwater-related factors (GRF) selected by the frequency ratio model and 70% of the transmissivity training data. The models’ effectiveness was assessed using the AUC-ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, MAE, and RMSE metric indicators. The validation findings revealed that all the models performed successfully for the GWPZ mapping, where the AUC values for the ANN, RF, SVR, and NB-RF-SVR models were estimated as 71%, 79%, 87%, and 92%, respectively. The relative importance of the GWPZs revealed that land use followed by geology and elevation were the most important factors. Finally, these outcomes can provide valuable information for decision makers to effectively manage groundwater in water-stressed regions.
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Abdekareem, Mohamed, Fathy Abdalla, Nassir Al-Arifi, Abdullah O. Bamousa, and Farouk El-Baz. "Using Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Frequency Ratio Technique for Revealing Groundwater Prospective Areas at Wadi Al Hamdh Watershed, Saudi Arabia." Water 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2023): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061154.
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For socioeconomic development in arid regions, there is an increasing need for groundwater resources due to rapid population expansion. It is necessary to apply innovative approaches for managing the sustainability of groundwater resources. Thus, remote sensing, geologic, climatic, and hydrologic data are integrated through the GIS-based frequency ratio and overlay analysis for assessing the spatial distribution of groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) of Wadi Al Hamdh, Saudi Arabia. Twelve factors controlling groundwater’s existence and infiltration were identified, normalized using the frequency ratio technique and combined through GIS techniques. To accomplish this, 313 well locations in the study area were used for training (70%) and 137 well locations were utilized for validation (30%). Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and field data, the model predictions were validated and showed very good performance (AUC: 0.893). The five zones on the GWPZs map correspond to 2.24, 5.81, 13.39, 53.90, and 24.65% of the entire area. These are: excellent, good, moderate, low, and very low perspectivity. As a good example, the applied approaches provided very good results that are significant to planning and sustainable development as well as managing groundwater resources in arid regions.
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Sun, Tong, Wuqun Cheng, Mohamed Abdelkareem, and Nasir Al-Arifi. "Mapping Prospective Areas of Water Resources and Monitoring Land Use/Land Cover Changes in an Arid Region Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques." Water 14, no. 15 (August 6, 2022): 2435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14152435.
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Groundwater is a vital water resource for economic, agricultural, and domestic purposes in arid regions. To reduce water scarcity in arid regions, recently, remote sensing and GIS techniques have been successfully applied to predict areas with prospective water resources. Thus, this study attempted to spatially reveal groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) and to conduct change detection on the desert fringes of Wadi Asyuti, a defunct tributary of Egypt’s Nile basin in eastern Sahara. Eleven influential groundwater factors generated from remote sensing imagery, and geological, hydrological, and climatic conditions were combined after giving a weight to each factor through a GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) coupled with the weighted overlay technique (WOT). The results revealed six distinctive zones with scores ranging from very low (10.59%) to excellent (3.03%). Thirty-three productive groundwater wells, Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) coherence change detection (CCD), a land use map derived from Sentinel-2, and the delineated flooding zone derived from Landsat-8 data were used to validate the delineated zones. The GWPZs indicated that 48% of the collected wells can be classified as consistent to excellent. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and image classification were applied to the multi-temporal Landsat series and Sentinel-2 along with the InSAR CCD data derived from Sentinel-1 images to reveal dramatic changes in land use/land cover (LU/LC) in terms of agricultural and other anthropogenic activities in the structurally downstream area, which is the most promising area for future developments. Overall, the integration of radar and multispectral data through the GIS technique has the ability to provide valuable information about water resources in arid regions. Thus, the tested model is a promising technique, and such information is extremely significant for the guidance of planners and decision makers in the area of sustainable development.
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Kumar, B. Pradeep, K. Raghu Babu, M. Rajasekhar, and M. Ramachandra. "Assessment and Modeling of Groundwater Potential Zones by using Geospatial and Decision-making approaches: A case study in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India." Hydrospatial Analysis 5, no. 1 (July 29, 2021): 34–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj3.2021050104.
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Freshwater scarcity is a major issue in Rayalaseema region in Andhra Pradesh (India). Groundwater is the primary source of drinking and irrigation water in Anantapur district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Therefore, it is important to identify areas having groundwater potential; however, the current methods of groundwater exploration consume a lot of time and money. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-based spatial model is used to identify groundwater potential zones in Anantapur using remote sensing and GIS-based decision support system. Thematic layers considered in this study were geology, geomorphology, soils, land use land cover (LULC), lineament density (LD), drainage density (DD), slope, and rainfall. According to Saaty’s AHP, all these themes and individual features were weighted according to their relative importance in groundwater occurrence. Thematic layers were finally combined using ArcGIS to prepare a groundwater potential zone map. The high weighted value area was considered a groundwater prospecting region. Accordingly, the GWPZ map was classified into four categories: very good, good, moderate, and poor. The very good GWPZ area is 77.37 km2 (24.93%) of the total study area. The northeastern and southeastern sections of the study area, as well as some medium patches in the center and western regions, are covered by moderate GWPZs, which cover an area of 53.07 km2 (17.10%). However, the GWP in the study area’s central, southwestern, and northern portions is poor, encompassing an area of approximately 79.31 km2 (25.56%). Finally, RS and GIS techniques are highly effective and useful for identifying GWPZs.
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Li, Yang, Mohamed Abdelkareem, and Nasir Al-Arifi. "Mapping Potential Water Resource Areas Using GIS-Based Frequency Ratio and Evidential Belief Function." Water 15, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15030480.
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Groundwater is a critical freshwater resource that is necessary for sustaining life. Thus, targeting prospective groundwater zones is crucial for the extraction, use, and management of water resources. In this study, we combined the remote sensing, GIS-based frequency ratio (FR), and evidential belief function (EBF) techniques into a model to delineate and quantify prospective groundwater zones. To accomplish this, we processed Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM), Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), Sentinel-2, and rainfall data to reveal the geomorphic, hydrologic, and structural elements and climatic conditions of the study area, which is downstream of the Yellow River basin, China. We processed, quantified, and combined twelve factors (the elevation, slope, aspect, drainage density, lineament density, distance to rivers, NDVI, TWI, SPI, TRI, land use/cover, and rainfall intensity) that control the groundwater infiltration and occurrence using the GIS-based FR and EBF models to produce groundwater potential zones (GWPZs). We used the natural breaks classifier to categorize the groundwater likelihood at each location as very low, low, moderate, high, or very high. The FR model exhibited a better performance than the EBF model, as evidenced by the area under the curve (AUC) assessment of the groundwater potential predictions (FR AUCs of 0.707 and 0.734, and EBF AUCs of 0.665 and 0.690). Combining the FR and EBF models into the FR–EBF model increased the accuracy (AUC = 0.716 and 0.747), and it increased the areas of very high and moderate potentiality to 1.97% of the entire area, instead of the 0.39 and 0.78% of the FR and EBF models, respectively. The integration of remote sensing and GIS-data-driven techniques is crucial for the mapping of groundwater prospective zones.
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Gaurav, Nikhilesh, and Geeta Singh. "Delineation of Groundwater, Drought and Flood Potential Zone Using Weighted Index Overlay Analysis and GIS for District Patna, Bihar, India." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 813–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2022.v21i02.046.
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For groundwater evaluation, delineation, discovery, and resource management in drought and flood zones, the geographical information system (GIS) has a wide range of uses. For the study area, various thematic layers were prepared, such as a digital elevation map (DEM), geomorphology, LULC, soil, drainage density, precipitation, and slope. The thematic layers were combined using the WIOA technique. The possible areas for groundwater have been demarcated into four zones: 1-poor, 2-moderate, 3-good, and 4-very good. In the eastern parts of the district, very strong (GWPZs) were found, while in the west and mid regions, moderate and bad categories were found. Drought and flood potential danger areas were divided into four zones: 1-no risk, 2-low risk, 3-moderate risk, and 4-high risk. In the middle part of the region, there was a higher risk of drought and a reduced risk of flooding in the eastern part of the area, an elevated risk of flooding in the eastern part of the area, and a lower to no risk of flooding in the western and central regions. The groundwater, drought, and flood potential zonation map built in the present study will be useful for scholars, and implementers in exploring appropriate water exploration locations and implementing resource utilization.
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Harish, Ballu, and Mahammad Haseena. "Identification of ground water recharge potential zones by using remote sensing and geographic information system." International Journal of Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20205493.
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<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ground water is the most precious and important resource around the world and is decreasing day by day. In connection, there is a need to bound the potential groundwater zones. The geographical information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques have become important tools to locate groundwater potential zones.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This research has been carried out to identify ground water potential zones in Nuthankal Mandal with help of GIS and remote sensing techniques. In order to evaluate the ground water potential zones, different thematic maps such as geology, slope, soil, drainage density map, land use and land cover and surface water bodies i.e., lakes and other using remotely-sensed data as well as toposheets and secondary data, collected from concern department. The prepared layers are further used for mapping and identification of ground water potential zones.</p><p><strong>Results</strong>: In this study ground water potential zones are demarked with the help of composite maps, which are generated using GIS tools. The accurate information to obtain the parameters that can be considered for identifying the ground water potential zone such as geology, slope, drainage density and lineament density are generated using the satellite data and survey of India (SOI) Topo-sheets, the groundwater potential zones are classified into five categories like very poor, poor, moderate, good & very good. The use of suggested methodology is demonstrated for a selected study area in Nuthankal Mandal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: This groundwater potential information was also used for identification of suitable locations for extraction of water.</p>
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Sarkar, Somnath, and Professor (Dr ). Vibhash Chandra Jha. "Application of AHP and Geospatial Techniques to Delineate Groundwater Potential Zones of Dubrajpur Block, Birbhum District, West Bengal, India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 3 (March 31, 2023): 772–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49509.
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Abstract: Exploration of ground water potential zones is very much essential in a country like India because it is ground water that satisfies the need of drinking water in most of the rural areas of the country. Ground water is also used for different other domestic, agriculture as well as industrial purposes. In present days, Remote Sensing and GIS techniques are successfully being used to delineate ground water potential zones of an area by geographers and planners which gives more or less absolutely correct results and it is also very much cost and time effective. The present study attempts to delineate various groundwater potential zones of Dubrajpur Block of Birbhum District, West Bengal, India. In the present work, groundwater potential zonation mapping has been carried out by overlaying nine thematic layers such as geology, rainfall, drainage density, pond frequency, slope, lineament density, soil texture, geomorphology and landuse/landcover and by giving appropriate weightages to each significant parameter with respect to its influence on groundwater. On the basis of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) model and GIS technology, five groundwater potential zones have been extracted in the study area comprising very good, good, moderate, poor and very poor groundwater potential zones.
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Duguma, Timketa Adula, and Gemechis Adula Duguma. "Assessment of Groundwater Potential Zones of Upper Blue Nile River Basin Using Multi-Influencing Factors under GIS and RS Environment: A Case Study on Guder Watersheds, Abay Basin, Oromia Region, Ethiopia." Geofluids 2022 (April 4, 2022): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1172039.
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Groundwater is the most crucial resource for human beings and plays an important role in combating climate change and is substantial to human existence on the globe. Overall increased demand for water in different sectors, population growth, and unreliable rainfall necessitates the planning and management of groundwater. In this study, groundwater potential zones are delineated by combining remote sensing and geographical information system techniques in the Guder watersheds of the Upper Blue Nile Basin. Groundwater potential zones are prepared by using various multi-influencing factors like geomorphology, land use/cover, lithology, soil type, soil texture, drainage density, slope, lineament, rainfall, and elevation. These influencing factors’ features were given appropriate weightage according to Saaty’s AHP method, expert judgment, and their relative significance for groundwater occurrence. The groundwater potential zone was classified into different categories as very poor, poor, moderate, good, and very good according to quantile classification. This study reveals that about 33.6% of the Guder River Basin represents a good andvery good GWPZ category with an equal value of 16.8%,; while values 23.3%, 20.2%, and 22.9% were denoted by very poor, poor, and moderate groundwater potential zone, respectively. GWPZ was validated by field-collected data such as well discharge and soil depth. An accepted similarity was observed between delineated GWPZ and the basin’s soil depth graphically. The results of this study were also verified by correlation and kappa statistics values of 0.73and 77%, respectively. The study is certain with a sensible dimension of consistency in pairwise comparison between influencing and the overall weightage. The very high GWPZs are found in the northern part starting from the center longitude of the study area, more along with the northwestern, southern, and southwestern of the Guder subbasin. Low to very low groundwater potentiality has been seen at different distances from the center due to the presence of escapements, hills and steep side slopes, slopes, and rock surfaces. The study also revealed that the zone of high groundwater potential has high soil depth, and the zone of low groundwater showed low soil depth as the capacity of the aquifer to store water may depend on the depth of soil profile. This study attests to the GIS and remote sensing techniques as an effective model for delineation of GWPZs and can be applied at other basins of Ethiopia.
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Sangawi, Azad, Diary Ali Mohammed Al-Manmi, and Bakhtiar Qader Aziz. "Integrated GIS, Remote Sensing, and Electrical Resistivity Tomography Methods for the Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones in Sangaw Sub-Basin, Sulaymaniyah, KRG-Iraq." Water 15, no. 6 (March 10, 2023): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15061055.
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In the Sangaw region, groundwater is the primary supply of water for drinking, residential purposes, livestock, and summer farming activities. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to delineate groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in the Sangaw sub-basin, Sulaymaniyah, KRG-Iraq, by integrating geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS), analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) techniques. Seven different thematic layers, including geology, rainfall, slope, lineament density, land use/land cover, drainage density, and topographic position index, were chosen as the prediction factors. The analytical method of an analytical hierarchy process pair-wise matrix was used to evaluate the normalized weight of these thematic layers. All the layers and their corresponding classes were assigned ranks and weights based on their impact on groundwater potential. Using ArcGIS, these thematic maps were combined to precisely determine the groundwater potential map within the research area. Five different potential zones were generated for the resulting map, namely, very low (55.4 km2), low (90.4 km2), moderate (68.1 km2), high (100 km2), and very high (62.4 km2). The findings revealed that almost 43.2% of the study region is characterized by high to very high groundwater potential zones. In contrast, the very low to low groundwater potential covers around 38.7%, and the moderate groundwater potential occupies 18.1% of the study region. The final map was then validated using results from the two-dimensional inverse sections of eight electrical resistivity tomography profiles. The validation data confirmed that groundwater potential classes strongly overlap with the subsurface water-bearing or non-bearing lithology, and groundwater productivity zones in the given area. The novelty of this research lies in the application of electrical resistivity tomography validation to the groundwater potential mapping approach, which illustrates the robustness of the overall methodology for data-scarce areas. Furthermore, this is one of the very few groundwater potential studies in Iraq and the first in the Sangaw sub-basin, which can assist decision-makers with groundwater prospecting and management, and enable further exploration in the region.
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M, Santhosh, and Thirukumaran V. "Demarcation of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Geospatial Technology in Edappadi Block, Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India." International Journal of Geography and Geology 10, no. 2 (December 28, 2021): 36–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.10.2021.102.36.49.
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Groundwater is one of the world's most valuable resources, which contributes 85% of drinking water supplies. It is imperative to explore ground-water zone for the utilization to the people. Edappadi block in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, is rocky terrain largely depends on groundwater for drinking and irrigation. One of the most useful tools for locating ground water potential zones is remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS). Different types of thematic maps, such as lithology, geomorphology, drainage density, slope, lineament, and land use/land cover, can be easily created by visual interpretation of IRS-1C, LISS-III data and maps are prepared using GIS. The water potential zones are determined using a rank and weightage approach. In order to demarcate the water potential zones, the vector overlay method is used. Lithology is given more weight than geomorphology, followed by lineament density, lineament frequency, lineament intersection, slope and land use/land cover. Based on the overall results, the potential zone of groundwater in the research region is divided into five groups: Excellent, Very Good, Good, Moderate, and Poor.
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Osadcha, N. M., V. I. Osadchyi, V. V. Osypov, S. V. Biletska, L. A. Kovalchuk, and V. A. Artemenko. "METHODOLOGY FOR THE NITRATE VULNERABLE ZONES DESIGNATION IN SURFACE AND GROUND WATER." Ukrainian Geographical Journal, no. 4 (2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ugz2020.04.038.
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The article presents the national methodology for the identification of vulnerable areas to pollution of surface and ground water by nutrients compounds. The designation of nitrate vulnerable zones is an effective tool to reduce the impact of agricultural activities on water pollution by nutrients and is used for managing of diffuse pollution within river basins to achieve “good” ecological status. The analysis of heterogeneity of natural conditions in Ukraine and intensity of agricultural activity allows to determine 3 types of zones which differ in vulnerability: 1. Zones of high risk of water pollution, where nitrogen surplus in soil and washing and periodic washing regime are favorable for the nitrate leaching; 2. Zones of potential water pollution, where a deficient nitrogen balance in soil is observed in conditions of washing and periodic washing regime; 3. Zones of short-term pollution, where positive nitrogen balance in soil is noted by the unwashed water regime. The content of dissolved forms of mineral nitrogen (Nminer) in water and the presence of eutrophication process in the water body were recommended to use as criterias for designation of vulnerable zones. For the small rivers with a Strahler coefficient < 5, the nitrate vulnerable zones designation is recommended using the criterion of the nitrogen mineral forms content with a threshold value of 11,3 mgN/l. For the rivers with a Strahler coefficient ≥ 5, reservoirs, estuaries and coastal waters the designation is carried out on the basis of eutrophication. For the groundwater, it is based on the content of nitrogen mineral forms less than 9,7 mgN/l. This method was developed in Ukraine for the first time.
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Chandran, Lini R., V. Ardra, Y. MuhammedIrfan, M. S. Sruthy, and V. S. UnniNair. "Identification of groundwater recharge potential zones in a study region of South Kerala." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1197, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1197/1/012009.
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Abstract Groundwater is considered as a precious natural resource which serves as the main source of agriculture and domestic purposes. Kerala state is blessed with around 3000mm rainfall annually because of two prominent monsoon. But the available water is insufficient to meet the demand of people. Increase in population and water demand cause threat to overall water balance. Ground water resource must be managed well to overcome these problems. Ground water recharging is a major requirement for sustainable utilization of water resources. It also becomes highly relevant to assess the water recharge zones and to preserve water quality. This study proposes identification of suitable water recharge sites in Karamana river basin, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Karamana river supplies majority of drinking water in Thiruvananthapuram district. Since its quality is deteriorating day by day, appropriate locations for recharging groundwater is identified using GIS technique. Various thematic maps like soil, slope, drainage, geomorphology and land utilization that affect the groundwater recharge is integrated and weighted overlay analysis is adopted to find the groundwater recharge potential map. Weights are assigned using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) by constructing a pairwise comparison matrix. The result depicts the groundwater recharge potential zones which is divided into very high, high, moderate, low and very low potential areas.
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Farahani, Meysam Davoodabadi, and Hamid Aghajani. "Identification of Potential Groundwater Zones Using RS and GIS." Journal of Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 1, no. 04 (August 28, 2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jrset.vol1iss04pp5-8.
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Exploration of groundwater resources requires recognition of regions and their potential sources. Because of high importance in the karstic regions and their significant role in providing needed water, efforts to explore new sources of Karst is inevitable. Checking discontinuities is always an important issue in karst studies. Because of high discontinuities in rock masses, permeable areas will be created, they cause appropriate groundwater paths to flow methodology: Recognition of these regions is possible through geophysical methods based on physical characteristics of these areas such as density or resistivity. Using geophysical methods in water and geotechnical methods have less history to oil field investigations and mining exploration but have been accelerated in recent years. Results: In this research, we have tried to investigate the usage of various geophysical methods, such as how to detect and identify underground water using these methods.Conclusion: We can note of geophysical applied methods for groundwater potentiometric such as geoelectric methods, ground penetrating radar, electromagnetic, gravimetry, magnetic and seismic surveys.
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Pandey, N. K., A. K. Shukla, S. Shukla, and M. Pandey. "Assessment of underground water potential zones using modern geomatics technologies in Jhansi district, Uttar Pradesh, India." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-8 (November 28, 2014): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-8-377-2014.
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Ground water is a distinguished component of the hydrologic cycle. Surface water storage and ground water withdrawal are traditional engineering approaches which will continue to be followed in the future. The uncertainty about the occurrence, distribution and quality aspect of the ground water and the energy requirement for its withdrawal impose restriction on exploitation of ground water. The main objective of the study is assessment of underground water potential zones of Jhansi city and surrounding area, by preparing underground water potential zone map using Geographical Information System (GIS), remote sensing, and validation by underground water inventory mapping using GPS field survey done along the parts of National Highway 25 and 26 and some state highway passing through the study area. Study area covers an area of 1401 km<sup>2</sup> and its perimeter is approximate 425 km. For this study Landsat TM (0.76–0.90 um) band data were acquired from GLCF website. Sensor spatial resolution is 30 m. Satellite image has become a standard tool aiding in the study of underground water. Extraction of different thematic layers like Land Use Land Cover (LULC), settlement, etc. can be done through unsupervised classification. The modern geometics technologies viz. remote sensing and GIS are used to produce the map that classifies the groundwater potential zone to a number of qualitative zone such as very high, high, moderate, low or very low. Thematic maps are prepared by visual interpretation of Survey of India topo-sheets and linearly enhanced Landsat TM satellite image on 1 : 50,000 scale using AutoCAD, ArcGIS 10.1 and ERDAS 11 software packages.
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M V, Ranghaswami, Sarojini Devi B, and Mayilswami C. "Delineation of Ground Water Recharge Zones in Hard Rock Terrain of Tamil Nadu." Madras Agricultural Journal 98, JUNE (2011): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29321/maj.10.100263.
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Ground water resources diminish at alarming rates in hard rock regions as it is the primary source of irrigation as well as domestic purpose. Periodic replenishment of ground water in these areas is only through rainfall. Delineation of potential groundwater recharge zones in hard rock areas is of vital importance to enhance the recharge. Conventionally, suitable zone for groundwater recharge is deciphered using hydrogeological, geophysical and geomorphological maps, which is often time consuming and uneconomical. But, the analysis of unconfined aquifer response in terms of rise in water level due to precipitation in hard rock areas is one of the rapid and cost-effective methods. Cross-correlation of rise in water level and precipitation is established for Parambikulam-Aliyar-Palar (PAP) basin of TamilNadu, India to delineate groundwater recharge zones. The entire area is classified into various recharge zones depending on coefficient of correlation. Thus, decisions on construction of recharge structures / optimal pumping in these areas can be decided for sustainable ground water resource management to meet future demands.
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Khadka, Dak Bahadur, and Mahesh Bhattarai. "Delineation of Ground Water Potential Zoning Using GIS and Remote Sensing by AHP of Sunsari District (Koshi Basin) Area of Nepal." Journal of Engineering Research and Reports 24, no. 3 (February 10, 2023): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v24i3807.
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This study assesses the groundwater potential in Sunsari district of Nepal by using a multi-criteria decision analysis tool along with remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS).The study has taken precipitation, Land use/cover (LULC), slope, geology, drainage density, lineament density, soil, and canal density as key influencing factors for determining the groundwater potential of the study area. The Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) technique was adopted in deriving the relative weights of these criteria and sub-criteria based on a review of the literature according to their relative importance in recharging the groundwater. The final thematic map of groundwater potential zones was prepared based on a groundwater potential index computed by aggregating the selected thematic layer with appropriate weights. The groundwater potential zones are classified into three zones based on the score of the groundwater potential index. The generated groundwater potential zones were further validated with ground truth data using a confusion matrix with a kappa coefficient and analysis of the receiver operating curve (ROC). The validation indicated fair predictability of groundwater potential zone with the AHP and GIS model. The areas under “Poor”, “Moderate” and “Good” are 13.6%, 36.0%, and 50.4% of the study area, respectively. The areas under the “Good” potential category are concentrated in the lower southern and western parts of the study area, while the east central part with highly dense built-up area falls under the “Poor” potential category. Also, the area just north of the central part is under the “Moderate” zone. There is a good coherence of precipitation and LULC with groundwater potential zones and less coherence of other factors.
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Eko Aryanto, Daniel, and Gagoek Hardiman. "Assessment of groundwater recharge potential zone using GIS approach in Purworejo regency, Central Java province, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 12002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183112002.
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Floods and droughts in Purworejo regency are an indication of problems in groundwater management. The current development progress has led to land conversion which has an impact on the problem of water infiltration in Purworejo regency. This study aims to determine the distribution of groundwater recharge potential zones by using geographic information system as the basis for ground water management. The groundwater recharge potential zone is obtained by overlaying all the thematic maps that affect the groundwater infiltration. Each thematic map is weighted according to its effect on groundwater infiltration such as land-use - 25%, rainfall - 20%, litology - 20%, soil - 15%, slope - 10%, lineament - 5%, and river density - 5% to find groundwater recharge potential zones. The groundwater recharge potential zones thus obtained were divided into five categories, viz., very high, high, medium, low and very low zones. The results of this study may be useful for better groundwater planning and management.
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Tomecka-Suchoń, Sylwia. "Ground penetrating radar use in flood prevention." Acta Geophysica 67, no. 6 (September 16, 2019): 1955–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11600-019-00353-8.
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Abstract The main goal of the work is to create an automatic method of locating weak zones within flood embankments structure based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The presented research shows the possibilities of using advanced methods of GPR signal processing and its analysis with the help of signal attributes for detecting zones threatening the stability of the structure of flood embankments. Obtained results may help in quick detection of potential weak zones of the embankments and consequently give means to ameliorate them, which may prevent damage to the embankments during rise in the level of river water. The presented analyses were carried out on GPR data obtained for the flood banks of the Rudawa River (Kraków, Poland) in the area of their visible degradation. The use of signal attributes, such as Energy, instantaneous frequency, similarity, curvature gradient, dominant frequency, allowed initial indication of anomalous zones threatening the stability of embankment. Advanced processing supported by the use of advanced filters such as GLCM, Grubbs filter threshold and Convolve Prewitt helped in the analysis of the structure of the embankments. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) in the supervised and unsupervised variants were used to perform the automatic classification of weakened zones within the embankments. The results demonstrated the usefulness of GPR geophysical method through integration of ANN in the analysis of the data.
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Babu, Md Abu Hamjalal, Md Risadul Islam, Fahim Farzana, Muhammad Jasim Uddin, and Md Sirajul Islam. "Application of GIS and Remote Sensing for Identification of Groundwater Potential Zone in the Hilly Terrain of Bangladesh." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 3, no. 3 (September 15, 2020): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.03032.
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Groundwater is the most significant assets on the planet and is declining continuously. The integration of GIS system and remote sensing turned into substantial tools in the field of subsurface water study, which assists in surveying, observing and monitoring the groundwater capitals. With this backdrop, using GIS and remote sensing application, a study was conducted to identify the potential groundwater zones in the hilly district Khagrachhari. The ground water potential zones were identified based on different thematic maps such as drainage, density, lineament density, slope, land use or land cover, soil and geology by using weighted overlay analysis. The groundwater potential zones were investigated orderly into four classes known as poor, moderate, good and very good. This groundwater potential information will work as a guideline to the concerned local authority to identify effectively the suitable locations for the extraction of groundwater.
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Das, Rajib Tarani, and Swades Pal. "Delineation of potential ground water-bearing zones in the Barind tract of West Bengal, India." Environment, Development and Sustainability 20, no. 2 (December 20, 2016): 543–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-016-9897-1.
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Bhunia, Gouri Sankar, Nandini Chatterjee, and Dilip Kumar Pal. "Identification of groundwater potential zone of Nawada district, Bihar (India) – a study based on remote sensing and GIS platform." Hydrology Research 45, no. 4-5 (September 21, 2013): 631–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2013.258.
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A study was conducted to delineate the groundwater potential zones of Nawada district of Southern Bihar using satellite-derived information layers, namely, elevation, slope, drainage density, land use, fractional impervious surface (FIS) and also using existing thematic maps (lithology, soil, pre- and post-monsoon water level) based on the weighted linear combination method. On the basis of the relative contribution of each datum towards groundwater potential, the weight of each thematic map has been computed. The normalized weights of the individual themes and their different features were obtained through Saaty's analytical hierarchy process. Results showed that zones of ‘very high’ and ‘high’ groundwater potential are present in the central and northeastern part of the study area. ‘Very low’ and ‘low’ groundwater potential zones are found in the southeastern and very small pockets of the eastern corner of the district. Thus surface investigation of groundwater has proved that an integrated approach involving remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technique can be successfully used in identifying potential groundwater zones in a short time and at low cost, while the yield could be ascertained with some sample ground truth ‘test drillings’.
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Upadhyay, Ritambhara K., Gaurav Tripathi, Bojan Đurin, Sanja Šamanović, Vlado Cetl, Naval Kishore, Mukta Sharma, et al. "Groundwater Potential Zone Mapping in the Ghaggar River Basin, North-West India, Using Integrated Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques." Water 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2023): 961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15050961.
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The immense dependence of the growing population on groundwater has resulted in depletion at a fast pace can be seen nowadays. Identifying a groundwater potential zone can be proved as an aid to provide insight to the decision-makers and local authorities for planning purposes. This study evaluated the delineation of groundwater potential zones using integrated remote sensing and GIS approach. Various thematic layers such as geology, geomorphology, lineament, slope, drainage, soil, land use/land cover, and rainfall were considered in this study as these have influence on the occurrence of groundwater and its cycle, and maps have been prepared in GIS domain. Afterward, appropriate weights were assigned to these layers based on multi-criteria decision analysis, i.e., Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Groundwater potentiality has been delineated in different zones (low, moderate, high, and very high) in the study region based on weighted overlay analysis. The study reveals zones with different groundwater prospects viz. low (1.27%), moderate (15.65%), high (75.54%), and very high (7.29%). The ground survey data provided by CGWB (Central Ground Water Board) of nearly 100 wells/dug wells/borewells/piezometers have been used for validation purposes, showing comparable results with the groundwater prospects zones. It also confirms that the majority of these wells fall under very high or high groundwater potential zones. They were also found to be thereby indicating that there is the existence of a permeable reservoir with considerable water storage in the subsurface. One of the most important issues for users and governments is groundwater depletion. Planning for the available groundwater resource is made easier by identifying the potential for groundwater (low to high).
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KRISHNAMURTHY, J., N. VENKATESA KUMAR, V. JAYARAMAN, and M. MANIVEL. "An approach to demarcate ground water potential zones through remote sensing and a geographical information system." International Journal of Remote Sensing 17, no. 10 (July 1996): 1867–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01431169608948744.
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Tripathi, Shashank, Atul Tiwari, and Arjun Singh. "Delineation of Ground Water Potential Zones in Chinhat Block, District Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh — An Integrated Approach." Journal of the Geological Society of India 95, no. 4 (April 2020): 417–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12594-019-1451-y.
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Bell, F. G. "Engineering geology of Quaternary soils: II Methods of treatment." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 7, no. 1 (1991): 39–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1991.007.01.02.
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AbstractThe various soils of Quaternary age present a wide range of engineering problems such as low density, low strength, high compressibility, high permeability, collapsibility and high swell/shrink potential, as well as difficulties caused by the presence of high water tables and zones of high pore water pressures. This introductory paper describes a number of methods of ground treatment that can be used to alleviate these problems including exclusion techniques, grouting, ground freezing, drainage and groundwater lowering techniques, electro-osmosis and electro-chemical stabilization techniques, compaction and reinforcement, and methods of chemical and thermal stabilization.
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Albhadili, Suaad, Inass Almallah, and Saher Almulla. "Mapping Ground Water Potential Recharge Zones of Wadi Al-Batin Alluvial Fan, Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques, Southwestern Iraq." Iraqi Bulletin of Geology and Mining 19, no. 1a (June 17, 2023): 99–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.59150/ibgm1901a07.
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Groundwater potential recharge (GWPR) zones are an important process in managing water resources. Six thematic layers were used to produce GWPR mapping for Wadi Al-Batin alluvial fan, Southwestern Iraq with GIS environment and analytical hierarchical process (AHP), including geology, lineaments density, slope gradient, drainage density, soil, and slope aspect. Based on the importance, the thematic layers are ranked, which control the GWPR. Drainage density, lineament density, slope aspect, and slope gradient maps are classified into five classes, whereas, geology and soil are classified into six classes. The classes are weighted based on the magnitude of groundwater recharge potential. The AHP technique divides the entire into three zones based on GWPR values: high, moderate, and low. The final GWPR map demonstrated that the western and northwestern parts of the alluvial fan have greater groundwater recharge potentials with 70% of the total area due to the increase in the infiltration rates as a result of the gravely and sandy soils besides the agricultural land use in the present areas. However, the other part of the fan ranged between moderate and low with 25% and 5% of the total area, indicating suitable zones for groundwater artificial recharge processes.
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Vaddadi, Natraj, Chaiwiwat Vansarochana, and Venkatesh Raghavan. "Identification of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones Using GIS Based Multi-Criteria and AHP Technique: A Case Study of Pune City, Western Maharashtra." Environment and Natural Resources Journal 21, no. 3 (March 13, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32526/ennrj/21/202200257.
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With dwindling supply of surface water, Ground water is increasingly being used as a source of fresh water in many cities across the world. Consequently, there is an increasing need to evaluate groundwater potential of an area. Over the past few decades, Remote Sensing and GIS have been used for systematic investigations on potential recharge of aquifers. As in major cities of the world, the demand for water in Pune City is also increasing every year and demand outstrips the supply of surface water. This study delineated potential zones for artificial recharge across Pune City by using Multi-criteria analysis and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques. Artificial recharge techniques especially the use of rainwater harvesting (RWH) are being deployed globally to augment supply of fresh water. Ground-water recharge is directly influenced by surface characteristics such as rainfall, geology, soil types, Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), drainage, lineaments/fractures, etc. Hence, six such parameters, namely, LULC, Slope, Soil texture, Rainfall, Drainage density, and Geology were considered to generate a groundwater recharge potential map. Based on the analysis, the study area was zoned into five classes, namely, low, moderate, good, very good and high groundwater potentials. About 45% of the city shows good to high potential for recharge. The results reveal that the high and good potential recharge zones lie to the western part of the city, whereas the central part (inner city) and the eastern part show medium to low potential for recharge. The results can help to identify areas for recharge and formulate a framework for systematic recharge of the existing aquifers in the area under study.
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Epuh, E. E., K. A. Sanni, and M. J. Orji. "Application of Remote Sensing, GIS and Hydrogeophysics to Groundwater Exploration in parts of Lagos Metropolis: A case study of Oshodi/Isolo LGA." March 2019 3, no. 1 (March 2019): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2019.01.0091.
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Productivity through groundwater is quite high as compared to surface water, but groundwater resources have not yet been properly exploited. The present study is used to delineate various groundwater potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in Lagos metropolis using remote sensing and GIS and hydrogeophysics techniques. Landsat 8, SRTM, geological, soil, and rainfall data were used in the study to prepare various thematic maps, viz., geomorphological, slope, soil, lineament density, rainfall and land use maps. On the basis of relative contribution of each of these maps towards groundwater potential, the weight of each thematic map have been selected and assigned to each map. Hydrogeophysics investigation using Vertical Electric Sounding (VES) was applied to validate the remote sensing and GIS results. All the thematic maps have been registered with one another through ground control points and integrated using the weighted overlay method in GIS for computing groundwater potential index. Based on the methological approach, the ground water potential zones were delineated. The results showed that there are five categories of groundwater potential zones within the study area in which percentage values were contained in each of the categories thereby making major portion of the study area “high” and “moderate” prospect while a few scattered areas have “low” prospect. The very high potential areas are mainly concentrated along the River Alluvium while the “very low” prospect are majorly where there is sand and clay. The best groundwater potential zone is in the southern part due to the presence of fractures, swamp soils which have high infiltration ability and the presence of waterbody which is chiefly accountable for the groundwater recharge in any area. The VES data showed the depth of the aquifer for good water and the polluted aquifer within the study area.
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Tomar, Kartikay, Kaustubh Tripathi, Jeevesh Tripathi, and Devashish Maurya. "Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS for Gautam Buddha Nagar." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 4576–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43556.
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Abstract: With an escalatory growth of human population in the 21st century there has been a significant increase in demand of water for human survival. With the limitation of Surface water sources now ground water that contributes to the total annual supply of water consumption and outshines as one of the major sources. The objective of this paper is to review and analyze the area of Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh using remote sensing and Geographic Information System for identification of groundwater potential zones. There is various expertise which are used for different water zones for its mapping and its analysis. Parameters like density, soil, land use\cover, geology, drainage, rainfall, contour and terrain are used for controlling groundwater zones. These Groundwater mapping methods are explained and extracted from data sources of satellite images. These techniques include methods which are advance and conventional. For identification and mapping of groundwater potential analysis the thematic layers are used. The significance of each layer is discussed for the location groundwater potential zones using the conditions present. For effective exploration and identification of appropriate locations for water extraction this groundwater potential information will be helpful. For analysis exploration and study of a location remote sensing data is a fast, cost-effective and economical way of doing it. With the Integration of these data for the exploration of groundwater resources has been seen as a breakthrough in the field of its research, and plays a significant role for providing assistance in monitoring, accessing, and preservation of groundwater resources. In the present paper, the assessment of groundwater availability in Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India have been conducted using these techniques. Various maps were prepared like base map, DEM, drainage density map, contour map, land use map, lineament density map and groundwater potential zones using the data of remote sensing and the existing maps. Raster data was transformed from base map and DEM using feature to raster converter tool in ArcGIS 10.3 version
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Shakak, N. "Integrationof Remote Sensing and Geographic information system in Ground Water Quality Assessment and Management." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W3 (April 30, 2015): 1483–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w3-1483-2015.
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Spatial variations in ground water quality in the Khartoum state, Sudan, have been studied using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing technique. Gegraphical informtion system a tool which is used for storing, analyzing and displaying spatial data is also used for investigating ground water quality information. Khartoum landsat mosac image aquired in 2013was used, Arc/Gis software applied to extract the boundary of the study area, the image was classified to create land use/land cover map. The land use map,geological and soil map are used for correlation between land use , geological formations, and soil types to understand the source of natural pollution that can lower the ground water quality. For this study, the global positioning system (GPS), used in the field to identify the borehole location in a three dimentional coordinate (Latitude, longitude, and altitude), water samples were collected from 156 borehole wells, and analyzed for physico-chemical parameters like electrical conductivity, Total dissolved solid,Chloride, Nitrate, Sodium, Magnisium, Calcium,and Flouride, using standard techniques in the laboratory and compared with the standards.The ground water quality maps of the entire study area have been prepared using spatial interpolation technique for all the above parameters.then the created maps used to visualize, analyze, and understand the relationship among the measured points. Mapping was coded for potable zones, non-potable zones in the study area, in terms of water quality sutability for drinking water and sutability for irrigation. In general satellite remote sensing in conjunction with geographical information system (GIS) offers great potential for water resource development and management.
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Raza, Irfan, Bakhtawar Farooq, Shahzada Khurram, Perveiz Khalid, Muhammad Irfan Ehsan, and Shahbaz Muhammad. "Delineation of Ground Water Recharge Potential Zones in Lahore District, Punjab, Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques." International Journal of Economic and Environmental Geology 13, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.46660/ijeeg.v13i4.47.
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Lahore is the provincial capital of Punjab and the second most populous city in Pakistan. Aquifer rechargerates have been continuously decreasing over a long period of time, which has caused a significant decline in the watertable level. Rapid population growth, urban development, and industrialization have all raised the demand for watersupplies. Due to significant infrastructural development, a considerable portion of the land is now impervious andrainfall now drains as surface runoff rather than recharging the aquifer level. Average annual rainfall, one of theprimary sources used to replenish the Lahore aquifer, is insufficient to prevent the depletion of the water table, andRiver Ravi stays almost dry except in rainy seasons. Geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS)techniques are used to find suitable areas for replenishment in the Lahore aquifer system in order to enhancesustainability and prevent decreasing groundwater levels. Distance from the water channel, land use/land cover(LULC), slope, geology, drainage density, rainfall, lineament density, and soil type are the eight layers that have beenintegrated with the GIS overlay analysis. Thematic maps are generated using both conventional and remote sensingdata. These maps are eventually converted to raster data. Very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor are the fivezones that have been delineated. A good to very good
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Epuh, E. E., M. J. Orji, H. A. Iyoyojie, and O. E. Daramola. "Groundwater potential mapping in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria, using multi-criteria analysis and hydrogeophysics." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 1 (April 3, 2020): 278–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i1.31.
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The assessment of the potential groundwater recharge area is extremely important for water quality protection and proper management of ground water systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate systematic groundwater studies using the integration of remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) and hydrogeophysics as a tool to identify groundwater potential areas in Ikorodu, Lagos. In this study, various thematic maps (layers) derived from satellite image classification such as: Land use/ Land cover map, soil map, rainfall map, geological map, slope map derived from SRTM Digital Elevation Model, lineament density map obtained as a result if lineament analysis of the principal component of the image, were all integrated using the weighted overlay tool in the spatial analyst toolbox of ArcGIS 10.5. Ranks and weights of classes and sub-classes of the thematic layers were assigned based on their influences on groundwater occurrence. The vertical electrical sounding data obtained from the study area were used to validate the results of the groundwater potential map and also determine the areas with brackish water, saline water and freshwater and the most probable drillable depth for exploration. The results show that the groundwater potential zones of the study area could be classified into five zones with the following percentage for spatial distribution: “very high” potential zone (0.6%), “high” (4.2%), “moderate” (15.8%), “low” 71.7% and very low potential zone (7.7%). The South-Western region of Ikorodu, close to Oriwu has the highest concentration of groundwater. Imota is characterized with Moderate and Low ground water potentials. From the query results, the aquiferous layers were identified, their yield and potentials determined and the depths to which boreholes can be sunk for the drilling of fresh water were found to be between 20m and 120m respectively.
Keywords: Groundwater, Remote sensing, GIS, Hydrogeophysics.
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Blackwell, M. S. A., D. V. Hogan, and E. Maltby. "The use of conventionally and alternatively located buffer zones for the removal of nitrate from diffuse agricultural run-off." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 12 (June 1, 1999): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0542.
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Interest in the use of buffer zones for the protection of surface water bodies from diffuse agricultural pollution is increasing in the UK. Current protocol for buffer zone location recommends they are established adjacent to the water body, typically in the riparian zones of rivers and streams. In many situations this may be the most efficient location to deliver benefits such as habitat provision and river bank stability, though this may not necessarily be the case for effective reduction of diffuse pollution. In the UK many of these riparian locations are by-passed by drains and ditches, rendering them ineffective as buffer zones for reducing pollutant concentrations in ground water and surface water. Alternative wetland buffer zone locations have often been found to be more effective for nitrate removal. These include areas of both footslope seepage and overland flow often associated with small ditch systems, which traditionally would not be considered as buffer zones. Examples are presented of two alternative wetland buffer zones in south-west England, one situated in an area of footslope discharge, and the other on an overland flow zone associated with a ditch system. The potential efficiency of both buffer zones is examined with regard to nitrate removal.
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Əhməd qızı Xanməmmədova, Həmidə. "Economic and geographical characteristics of natural conditions and resources of Shabran region in terms of economic development." SCIENTIFIC WORK 65, no. 04 (April 23, 2021): 394–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/65/394-397.
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The article assesses the natural conditions and resources of Shabran region in terms of economic development and analyzes its economic and geographical characteristics. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the region has a very high natural resource potential. In particular, its coastal strip creates favorable conditions for the development of the tourism complex, and mineral water fields create favorable conditions for the development of medical tourism. Although the total area is 108.8 thousand , 52.2 thousand or more than 48% of the total area is agricultural land. Analysis of the complex of natural conditions shows that the region has a natural resource potential that can affect the development of a very high economic complex. In the near future, we have recommended the inclusion of this potential in the development cycle of the economy as a key strategic direction. Also, specialization of the agriculture in accordance with the natural potential of the altitude zones should be considered as a necessary condition. Key words: natural conditions, resource potential, elevation zones, water resources, minerals, vegetation, ground cover
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M.Ganesh, K., G. Jai Sankar, M. Jagannadha Rao, and A. C.S.V. Prasad. "Multi criterion Analysis for Ground water Potential Zones along River Gostani and surroundings of Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.31 (August 24, 2018): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.31.18295.
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The present study is to make an analysis of the groundwater potential zones along Gostani river and the nearby areas. The data is collected from the field concern department and through internet to make a study. For the study seven parameters have been taken into consideration like geology, geomorphology, drainage, slope, soil, land use / land cover and lineaments. Thematic maps prepared and reclassified under Geographical Information System (G.I.S) environment. Weightage for each theme and its classes have been allocated by making use of weighted overlay analysis and then Analytical Hierarchical Process in Arc G.I.S. so as to find out the result.
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Mohanta, N. K., D. C. Jhariya, Y. K. Mawale, and M. Sahu. "Development of different hydrogeological influencing thematic layers and groundwater potential zones of Deo river watershed of Mayurbhanj district, Odisha, India." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1032, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1032/1/012049.
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Abstract Water is one of the most abundant renewable resources, and it is essential to all living things. Groundwater is one of the major sources of Water in the planet Earth. Continuous uses of water without any conservation cause lowering of Ground water level and thus living forms are facing many problems now-a-days. Due to increase in industrialisation in the state of Odisha water problem is rising its head. Using Remote Sensing and Geographic information system (GIS) methods, this research aids in the delineation of water potential zones in the Deo river watershed in Mayurbhanj district, odisha. For this, different thematic layers have been prepared and interpreted. This study may be helpful to monitor and conserve groundwater in near future.
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Srivastava, Pankaj K., and Amit K. Bhattacharya. "Delineation of ground water potential zones in a hard Rock Terrain of Bargarh District, Orissa using IRS data." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 28, no. 2-3 (June 2000): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02989897.
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Jain, Pradeep K. "Remote sensing techniques to locate ground water potential zones in upper Urmil River Basin, district Chhatarpur — Central India." Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing 26, no. 3 (September 1998): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03026671.
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Al-Ruzouq, R., A. Shanableh, and T. Merabtene. "Geomatics for Mapping of Groundwater Potential Zones in Northern Part of the United Arab Emiratis - Sharjah City." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-7/W3 (April 29, 2015): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-7-w3-581-2015.
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In United Arab Emirates (UAE) domestic water consumption has increased rapidly over the last decade. The increased demand for high-quality water, create an urgent need to evaluate the groundwater production of aquifers. The development of a reasonable model for groundwater potential is therefore crucial for future systematic developments, efficient management, and sustainable use of groundwater resources. The objective of this study is to map the groundwater potential zones in northern part of UAE and assess the contributing factors for exploration of potential groundwater resources. <br><br> Remote sensing data and geographic information system will be used to locate potential zones for groundwater. Various maps (i.e., base, soil, geological, Hydro-geological, Geomorphologic Map, structural, drainage, slope, land use/land cover and average annual rainfall map) will be prepared based on geospatial techniques. The groundwater availability of the basin will qualitatively classified into different classes based on its hydro-geo-morphological conditions. The land use/land cover map will be also prepared for the different seasons using a digital classification technique with a ground truth based on field investigation.
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Firmansyah, Teguh, Zahidah Hasan, Eddy Afrianto, and Izza M. Apriliani. "PEMETAAN DAERAH PENANGKAPAN POTENSIAL IKAN LAYUR (Trichiurus sp) DI PERAIRAN PANGANDARAN, JAWA BARAT." Jurnal Airaha 7, no. 01 (June 21, 2018): 006–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/ja.v7i01.81.
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Fishing activity by catching gill nets by Pangandaran fishermen is using traditional methods inherited by ancestors especially in determining fishing ground such as seeing the color of water surface, small ripple, fish jump, the presence of foam, and see the existence of birds. Such activities make fishing activities less than optimal because the level of uncertainty is high and will impact on high operational costs such as the use of fuel wasted and trip time becomes longer. Knowledge of fishing zones is essential for fishing activities because by knowing potential fishing areas will result optimal catch and reduced effort. Information about potential fishing areas can be obtained through analysis of the distribution of a-chlorophyll in water. The research was doing from October to November 2017. The research used survey method with 7 experimental fishing activities in Pangandaran Waters. From the results of this activity can known that category distribution of fishing ground catchment area in Pangandaran spread from medium to potential category.