Academic literature on the topic 'Ground magnetic anomalies-interpretation'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ground magnetic anomalies-interpretation"
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Bavusi, M., A. Loperte, V. Lapenna, U. Moscatelli, and S. Minguzzi. "Magnetic and ground penetrating radar for the research of Medieval buried structures in Marche Region." Advances in Geosciences 24 (April 29, 2010): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-24-89-2010.
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Abstract. A magnetic and Ground Penetrating Radar joint survey was carried out in the framework of the R.I.M.E.M. project that has the aim of supporting the archaeological prospections and drive the selection of the excavation areas related to the Late Roman Period and Early Middle Ages in the Central and Southern Italy. In particular, this papers deals with the magnetic surveys acquired near "Madonna della Valle" and GPR and magnetic joint surveys carried out in "Monastero"site. Most of magnetic maps carried out in "Madonna della Valle" site shown the absence of structured magnetic anomalies, despite of the presence of archaeological signs. Several hypothesis were given to explain this evidence. Joint interpretation performed in "Monastero" site shown more intense magnetic anomalies related with shallower reflections due to probably to buried pipes. Other reflections are related with magnetic anomalies compatible with archaeological targets, but some significant reflections do not correspond to any magnetic anomaly, indicating magnetic method could be "blind" respect the archaeological target. New field surveys including the electrical resistivity tomography could be carried out in order to overcome these acquisition and interpretation difficulties.
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Wagner, Steffen, and H. Lindner. "Interpretation of geomagnetic anomalies in Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica." Antarctic Science 3, no. 3 (September 1991): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102091000378.
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The geomagnetic field pattern in the vicinity of Georg Forster station, Antarctica, is discussed. Induced magnetization is assumed to model the regional minimum in the total field intensity (MAGSAT) located here, and an associated anomalous body at a depth of 50 km is calculated and interpreted. This model is, however, discounted in favour of a cross section derived from a meridional ground magnetic profile recorded over a distance of about 200 km. The most striking features of the profile are positive anomalies over the ice shelf which are explained by dykes of basic rocks emanating from the lower crust and from the mantle. The derived crustal structure reflects a transition from continental crust to transitional type crust.
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Pro, Carmen, Bento Caldeira, Maria Teresa de Tena, Cristina Charro, Rui Jorge Oliveira, José Fernando Borges, and Victorino Mayoral. "Exploring the Consistency of Data Collected in Archaeological Geophysics: A Case Study from the Iron Age Hillfort of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Extremadura, Spain)." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 20, 2020): 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121989.
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Different geophysical methods applied at the settlement of Villasviejas del Tamuja (Botija, Spain) have identified robust anomalies located at the same position, but some anomalies are reflected by only one method. Furthermore, analysing the spatial correlation of these anomalies is of fundamental importance for obtaining a correct archaeological interpretation. In this work, we analysed the main results of electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic gradiometry methods in a particular area of the archaeological site. In this analysis, we performed graphical and numerical spatial correlation analyses of the anomalies and observed strong agreement among the results provided by each method. Certain anomalies were reflected only in the magnetic and ERT studies. The results highlight the importance of applying several geophysical methods and performing spatial correlational analyses. Furthermore, the methodology that we have applied to evaluate the spatial correlation offers interesting results.
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Ndlovu., Thabisani, Mashingaidze R. T., and Mpofu P. "Analytic Signal and Euler Depth Interpretation of Magnetic Anomalies: Applicability to the Beatrice Greenstone Belt." Journal of Geography and Geology 7, no. 4 (December 2, 2015): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jgg.v7n4p108.
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We apply the Analytic Signal and Euler depth filtering techniques on magnetic data to identify a magnetic causative body location-depth relationship, two parameters of importance in both geophysical exploration and ore body modelling. We identify a dipping magnetic contact from the interpreted Euler depth anomalies, showing a good agreement with both the Total Field Magnetic (TFM) map and the Analytic Signal (AS) map. The Euler depth anomalies correlate well with the locations and edges of shallow causative bodies. The deeper Euler interpreted sources explain the magnetic high on the regional aeromagnetic map which is coincident with neither geological contacts nor the more recent dolerite intrusions. This suggests that the magnetic highs on the regional aeromagnetic map are due to deep seated sources, otherwise invisible on the regional geological map. The results show the usefulness and relevancy of these two filters not only in interpreting routine TFM data from the study area, but up to a regional scale. While the aeromagnetic data shows that the magnetisation pattern is predominantly divorced from the geological map, the ground magnetic data interpretation points to a more recent magnetisation of the belt, enabling conclusions to be drawn about the geological history and structural geology otherwise not evident on the geological map.
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Yang, Tao, Jintian Gao, Zuowen Gu, Baatarkhuu Dagva, and Batsaikhan Tserenpil. "Petrophysical Properties (Density and Magnetization) of Rocks from the Suhbaatar-Ulaanbaatar-Dalandzadgad Geophysical Profile in Mongolia and Their Implications." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/791918.
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Petrophysical properties of 585 rock samples from the Suhbaatar-Ulaanbaatar-Dalandzadgad geophysical profile in Mongolia are presented. Based on the rock classifications and tectonic units, petrophysical parameters (bulk density, magnetic susceptibility, intensity of natural remanent magnetization, and Köenigsberger ratio) of these rocks are summarized. Results indicate that (1) significant density contrast of different rocks would result in variable gravity anomalies along the profile; (2) magnetic susceptibility and natural remanent magnetization of all rocks are variable, covering 5-6 orders of magnitude, which would make a variable induced magnetization and further links to complex magnetic anomalies in ground surface; (3) the distribution of rocks with different lithologies controls the pattern of lithospheric magnetic anomaly along the profile. The petrophysical database thus provides not only one of the keys to understand the geological history and structure of the profile, but also essential information for analysis and interpretation of the geophysical (e.g., magnetic and gravity) survey data.
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Cholifah, Latifatul, Nurul Mufidah, Eden Lazuardi, Bagus Jaya Santosa, Sungkono Sungkono, and Arif Haryono. "Identification of the Grindulu Fault in Pacitan, East Java using Magnetic Method." Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA) 10, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jpfa.v10n1.p22-33.
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Magnetic method in geophysical surveys is common for its non-destructive use of sub-surface structure delineation. In this study, ground-based measurements of magnetic intensity were performed using a set of instruments in some regions of Pacitan, a city in the southern area of East Java province. Based on these measurements, data acquisition was used to identify the Grindulu faulting zone in the region of interest, potentially vulnerable to geohazards. The data were first corrected using the IGRF and diurnal corrections. A filtering technique of upward continuation at a height of 900 m was then applied to separate local anomalies from regional ones as the targeted sources in the present case. These separate anomalies and their corresponding reductions to the poles as further filtering processes were analyzed for predicting the location and direction of the fault. The results, extracted from data analysis and interpretation, show that the main path of the Grindulu is directed along the NE-SW fault line or N60oE. The resulting anomalies also reflect that the Grindulu is a normal fault with surrounding minor faults lying across the Grindulu, calling for increased awareness of vulnerability in the city to seismic threats.
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Batbaatar, Erdene, Munkhjargal Todbileg, Otgonbayar Sansar, and Baatar Bataa. "The geophysical signature of Oyut deposits, Oyu Tolgoi, Mongolia." Mongolian Geoscientist 26, no. 52 (June 23, 2021): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i52.1323.
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The well-known Oyu Tolgoi Cu-Au group deposits can be divided into three main deposits: Hugo Dummett deposit (Hugo North and Hugo South), Oyut deposits (South Oyu, Southwest Oyu and Central Oyu), and Heruga deposit in the south. These deposits sit along 26 km long, north-northeast trending belt termed as the Oyu Tolgoi trend. This paper reviews investigations on geophysical signatures of the South Oyu, Southwest Oyu and Central Oyu deposits and compares geophysical models of the mineral deposits with their lithology, alteration, mineralization, and structures. A variety of datasets including induced polarization, ground magnetic, gravity survey are used in the study and generated inversion products of ground magnetic and gravity data with integrated interpretation. Typical responses from the Oyut deposits are: up to 0.1 mGal positive gravity anomaly above background, 100–200 nT low or high magnetic anomaly compared to background depending on the geological situations, and from 12 mV/V to 30 mV/V chargeability anomalies and low resistivity signatures from 100 ohm.m to 400 ohm.m. The interpreted geological-geophysical models of porphyry Cu-Au deposits presents in this study have emphasis on integrated interpretation of geophysical techniques, and inversions of gravity and magnetic data in gold rich porphyry copper system.
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Ezeh, C. C., O. S. Okanya, A. O. Usman, and O. P. Odoh. "Evaluation of Aeromagnetic Data Over Some Parts of Lower Benue Trough, Nigeria Using Spectral Analysis." Journal La Multiapp 3, no. 1 (March 7, 2022): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.37899/journallamultiapp.v3i1.555.
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We obtained, processed, and interpreted spectral analyses of aeromagnetic data across a portion of the Lower Benue Trough with the goal of estimating the depth to magnetic basement, modeling a conspicuous magnetic anomaly, identifying the basement topography, and evaluating basin configurations. Qualitative interpretation based on visual examination of the total magnetic intensive anomalies map, residual contour map, and first vertical derivative map reveals major faults trending east-west (E-W) and minor faults trending northeast-southwest (NE-SW), which is consistent with the structure of the lower Benue Trough. The western portion of the research region indicates structural change near the towns of Afikpo and Ishiagu, indicating areas of documented intrusive igneous body activity. According to the quantitative interpretation of the aeromagmatic data, the average sedimentary thickness is between (2.3 and 3.2 kilometers) and Quantitative interpretation utilizing spectral analysis identifies two distinct depth sources in the region: shallower sources ranging from 1.09 to 1.6 kilometers in the southern portion of the research area, and deeper sources ranging from 1.61 to 4.90 kilometers in the northern section. Additionally, the research reveals that the depths to the centroid and magnetic bodies (sedimentary thicknesses) vary between 5.02 and 10.65 kilometers and 0.23 and 3.5 kilometers, respectively. It was recommended that a ground magnetic survey be used in conjunction with this work to provide a more conclusive result.
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Liang, Shengjun, Siyuan Sun, and Hongfei Lu. "Application of Airborne Electromagnetics and Magnetics for Mineral Exploration in the Baishiquan–Hongliujing Area, Northwest China." Remote Sensing 13, no. 5 (February 27, 2021): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13050903.
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Airborne electromagnetics is an effective and efficient exploration tool in shallow mineral exploration for its high efficiency and low cost. In 2016, airborne electromagnetic and airborne magnetic surveys have been carried out at the border of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Gansu Province, the Northwest China. With an integrated system, the airborne electromagnetics and airborne magnetic data were collected simultaneously by AreoTEM-IV system from Aeroquest International Limited in Vancouver, BC, Canada, and the CS3 Cesium Vapor magnetometer from Scintrex in Concord, ON, Canada. About 3149 line-km of both data with 250 m line space were acquired. After data processing, the comprehensive analysis and interpretation of resistivity and magnetic anomalies has been carried out to infer lithological structure and outline the potential ore deposits. Verified by the ground surveys, seven outlined anomalies are consistent with the known ore sites, and one new gold deposit and several mineralization clues were found. The prospective reserves of gold are expected to exceed 10 tons. Besides, some prospecting target areas were outlined as the possible locations of copper–nickel deposits. The successful case shows the airborne magnetic data accords with geological structures, and the airborne electromagnetic method is effective in finding metal mineral resources, which can help to quickly identify potential ore targets with no surface outcrop.
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Lee, Madeline, Yuleika Madriz, Richard Gloaguen, and Suzanne McEnroe. "UAV magnetics over the Bjerkreim-Sokndal Intrusion, Rogaland, Norway: A first look." Leading Edge 42, no. 2 (February 2023): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle42020090.1.
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The Bjerkreim-Sokndal layered intrusion in Rogaland Anorthosite Province in southwestern Norway has been the focus of decades of research due to its complex geology, the presence of prominent remanent magnetic anomalies, and current economic interest in critical minerals. In 2021, collaborative geophysical fieldwork was conducted by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and Helmholtz Institute Freiberg for Resource Technology. Despite challenging environmental conditions, more than 100 line-km of magnetic data were collected by a custom multirotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) along the eastern margin of the Bjerkreim lobe of the Bjerkreim-Sokndal Intrusion. Data collection was focused over two areas. The first is an area in the south near the prominent Heskestad magnetic anomaly that is associated with large reversed magnetic remanence in a magnetite-ilmenite-gabbronorite unit. The second is an area in the north near Lake Teksevatnet that hosts mineralized zones and the Lauvneset magnetic anomaly. Initial analysis of the UAV-acquired magnetic data shows additional details on the geologic contacts of key units, especially where in-situ measurements are difficult to collect. UAV surveys help in the construction of an anomaly's geometry through incremental source-sensor separations at various flight altitudes above ground. The UAV data set is an intermediate step between ground and airborne surveys for multiscale interpretation and potentially extreme magnetic scales (from microscopic to planetary).
Book chapters on the topic "Ground magnetic anomalies-interpretation"
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Piotrowski, Marcin, and Patrycja Piotrowska. "Nieinwazyjne badania archeologiczne na stanowisku 2 w Żelaznej Nowej." In Ocalone Dziedzictwo Archeologiczne, 145–52. Wydawnictwo Profil-Archeo; Muzeum im. Jacka Malczewskiego w Radomiu, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33547/oda-sah.10.zn.13.
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Non-invasive archaeological research was carried within the complex of sites 2–3 in Żelazna Nowa, and the analysis of the results. The basic goal of the research was to determine the range of the necropolis in site 2, to reveal its topography, and to assess the state of its preservation. The research was performed using a non-invasive geophysical survey with the magnetic method. An additional objective was to map sites 2 and 3 and present them against a broader geographic background. The maps were created using numeric altitude data from laser scanning (LIDAR) and aerial photography. Site 2, the focus of the research, occupies a well-defined lentoid elevation stretching along the E-W axis, and it encompasses at least three distinct zones. The first zone is the necropolis in the western part of the site, confirmed by archaeological excavations. Geophysical research allows for concluding that the necropolis extended over an area larger than 1 ha. Its southern and eastern boundaries are discernible on the map of magnetic anomalies (Figs. 13.2–7). The second zone is a stretch of land to the east of the necropolis, distinguished by a distinct concentration of archaeological features. The third zone is an area where settlement features also occur, but in much lesser concentrations than in zone 2. Zones 2 and 3 (the eastern one) are distinguished by considerable numbers of artefacts, potsherds in particular, occurring on the surface. In addition, traces of hearths damaged by ploughing were recorded in zone 3 in the form of black spots of various sizes discernible from the level of the ground, and especially from the air (Fig. 13.8). A distinct concentration of features in zone 2 may stem from its transitional nature between the cemetery and the settlement, perhaps with the two partly overlapping at some stages of their development. However, the relatively clear results of the magnetic research only allow for preliminary interpretation of the identified features. The data need to be verified by archaeological excavations. The non-invasive research, especially the magnetic survey, should undoubtedly be extended. It is also worth taking aerial photographs again, in different weather conditions and especially at the time of year when the crops start to grow. This can be expected to reveal previously undetected features, in particular those of settlement nature.
Conference papers on the topic "Ground magnetic anomalies-interpretation"
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Alward, Wassem, Mohammed Al-Jubouri, Ling Zongfa, Xu Xiaori, Xu Wei, and Zhao Yufang. "Automated Well Log Interpretation Through Machine Learning." In Gas & Oil Technology Showcase and Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214055-ms.
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Abstract Well logs present a concise, in-depth representation of formation parameters. These logs allow interpreters to identify different rock types, distinguish porous from non-porous rocks, and quickly identify pay zones in subsurface formations. The ability to interpret well logs is largely dependent on the interpreter's ability to recognize patterns, past experiences, and knowledge of each measurement. Traditionally, logs were manually corrected for anomalies and normalized at the field scale, which is a time-consuming and often subjective approach. This is especially true for mature fields where log data has been collected from multiple sources. However, the future of petrophysical evaluation is moving towards increased efficiency, accuracy, and objectivity through smart automation. In this paper, we demonstrate the application of machine learning algorithms to automate well-log processing and interpretation of standard log measurements as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) using data acquired in one of the fields in Iraq. Standard logs such as density, sonic, neutron, gamma ray, etc are classified using machine learning (ML) algorithm into a set of classes that are converted to zones to drive petrophysical interpretation. This novel application of ML algorithm uses cross-entropy clustering (CEC), Gaussian mixture model (GMM), and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) which identifies locally stationary zones sharing similar statistical properties in logs, and then propagates zonation information from training wells to other wells. The training phase involves key wells which best represent the formation and associated heterogeneities to automatically generate classes (clusters), the resulting model is then used to reconstruct inputs and outputs with uncertainty and outlier flags for cross-checking and validation. The model is then applied to predict the same set of zones in the new wells that require interpretation and predict output curves. The main advantage is reducing the turnaround time of the interpretation and eliminating subjective inconsistencies often encountered with standard interpretation approaches. For multi-dimensional data such as NMR, several ML methods such as Parallel Analysis, Factor Analysis, and Cluster Analysis were applied to (a) determine the optimal number of modes to retain in the input NMR T2 distributions, these modes are the underlying poro-fluid constituents affecting NMR data over the entire interval b) decompose T2 distribution into these modes c) compute poro-fluid constituents volumes and cluster it into the same number of groups as the number of factors. This workflow helps to extract maximum information from multi-dimensional NMR data and eliminates the need for any a-priory assumptions, such as T2 cut-offs. We present the results of these methods applied to data acquired across the cretaceous successions in the south of Iraq to speed up the petrophysical analysis process, reduce analyst bias, and improve consistency results between one well to another within the same field.