Academic literature on the topic 'Grinding and polishing'

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Journal articles on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

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Hsieh, Long-Chang, and Tzu-Hsia Chen. "THE SYSTEMATIC DESIGN OF PLANETARY-TYPE GRINDING DEVICES FOR OPTICAL FIBER FERRULES AND WAFERS." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 40, no. 4 (November 2016): 619–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-2016-0049.

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The traditional planetary grinding device can only polish one optical fiber ferrule. The other grinding device with donut polishing trace is also proposed for polishing wafer. This grinding device has a problem, that is, “the polishing qualities of different points on the wafer are not the same”. Hence, this paper proposes a new planetary grinding device for polishing more optical fiber ferrules and more wafers. Based on the kinematics of planetary gear train, the equations of polishing trace and velocity are derived. Then, the velocity deviation percentage (Vdp) is calculated, which is an important design parameter. Area ratio (AR) is defined as polishing area divided by grinding pad area. The area ratio (AR) is another important design parameter for designing planetary grinding devices. In this paper, two design examples are used to illustrate the design process. The research results of this paper can provide an experience for the systematic design of planetary grinding devices.
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Dai, Zhe Min, and De Sheng Li. "The Analysis of Grinding and Polishing for the Tile Planetary Disc Griding Machine." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 1235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.1235.

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In this study, the polishing machine’s mathematical model of the movement has been established by analysis the several polishing machines’ grinding and polishing process for tile. Then according to the model to simulate the trajectory and compare the grinding grain uniformity and the size of the grinding area. The results show that the disc grinding machine in improving of the efficiency of grinding and grinding grain uniformity is better than the other motions.
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Zhao, Xin, and Xiao Ling Yang. "Effect of Hardness on Polishing Performance of Plastic Mold Steels in Prehardened Condition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.16.

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In this paper, the comparisons of the polishing performance between prehardened P20 and S45C steels under the different hardness were carried out by using surface grinding, manual polishing and PVA grinding wheel polishing tests. The results show that the surface roughness of the two kind steels decrease with the increase of hardness and the roughness of S45C is lower than that of P20 during the surface grinding test. After polishing process, the surface roughness of the two kind steels decrease with the increase of hardness as well. However, the surface roughness of S45C is higher than that of P20 after both manual polishing and PVA grinding wheel polishing tests.
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Bao, Jiahui, Xiaoqiang Peng, Hao Hu, and Tao Lai. "A Method of Restraining the Adverse Effects of Grinding Marks on Small Aperture Aspheric Mirrors." Micromachines 13, no. 9 (August 28, 2022): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13091421.

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The grinding method is used as the preliminary processing procedure for small aperture aspheric mirrors. Regular grinding marks produced in the grinding process significantly affect the mid-spatial frequency error; however, because of their small radius of surface curvatures and high steepness, they are difficult to polish using traditional methods. Therefore, in this study, the ultra-precision grinding and polishing process of fused quartz material was investigated, and the influence of grinding marks was analyzed, which achieved the purpose of restraining the grinding marks in the grinding process. The generation mechanisms of horizontal and vertical grinding marks were analyzed by means of simulation and experiment, and the relationship between different grinding process parameters and surface quality was explored. A magnetorheological finishing (MRF) spot method was used to explore the effects of grinding marks on subsurface damage (SSD). The elastic adaptive polishing method was used to polish an aspheric lens with high steepness and small caliber. Based on the principle of an elastic adaptive polishing mathematical model, the grinding marks were suppressed, and the mid-spatial frequency error of the lens was reduced by optimizing the polishing path and composition of the polishing fluid. The final roughness reached 10 nm Ra. In this paper, the source of wear marks and their influence on the mid-spatial frequency error of small aperture aspheric mirrors are analyzed, and the grinding marks were suppressed by elastic adaptive polishing.
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Jin, Zhu Ji, Ze Wei Yuan, Ren Ke Kang, and B. X. Dong. "Study on Two Kinds of Grinding Wheels for Dynamic Friction Polishing of CVD Diamond Film." Key Engineering Materials 389-390 (September 2008): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.389-390.217.

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This paper investigates two kinds of grinding wheels prepared by the combination of mechanical alloy and hot-press sintering (MA-HPS). Scanning electro microscopy, Optical microscope, Talysurf surface profiler, X-Ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize two kinds of grinding wheels and identify the removal mechanism. It was found that FeNiCr matrix-TiC (FMT) grinding wheel yielded higher removal rate than TiAl abrasiveless carbophile (TAC) grinding wheel, which conversely owned good polishing quality; diamond was removed by transformation diamond to non-diamond carbons and then removed by mechanically or diffusion to grinding wheel during polishing process with FMT grinding wheel. While TAC grinding wheel polishing CVD diamond film mainly depended on the reaction between diamond carbon and titanium.
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Kheur, Mohit, Tabrez Lakha, Saleha Shaikh, Supriya Kheur, Batul Qamri, Lee Wan Zhen, Nadin Al-Haj Husain, and Mutlu Özcan. "A Comparative Study on Simulated Chairside Grinding and Polishing of Monolithic Zirconia." Materials 15, no. 6 (March 16, 2022): 2202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15062202.

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This study evaluated the effects of different simulated chairside grinding and polishing protocols on the physical and mechanical properties of surface roughness, hardness, and flexural strength of monolithic zirconia. Sintered monolithic zirconia specimens (15 mm × 3 mm × 3 mm) were abraded using three different burs: diamond bur, modified diamond bur (zirconia specified), and tungsten carbide bur, along with a group of unprepared specimens that served as a control group. The study was divided into two phases, Phase 1 and Phase 2. Surface roughness, surface hardness, and flexural strength were assessed before and after the grinding procedure to determine the ‘best test group’ in Phase 1. The best abrasive agent was selected for Phase 2 of the study. The specimens in Phase 2 underwent grinding with the best abrasive agent selected. Following the grinding, the specimens were then polished using commercially available diamond polishing paste, a porcelain polishing kit, and an indigenously developed low-temperature sintered zirconia slurry. The physical and mechanical properties were again assessed. Results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test. Specimens were observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for their microstructure and crystalline phases, respectively. Grinding with diamond burs did not weaken zirconia (p > 0.05) but produced rougher surfaces than the control group (p < 0.05). Tungsten carbide burs did not significantly roughen the zirconia surface. However, specimens ground by tungsten carbide burs had a significantly reduced mean flexural strength (p < 0.05) and SEM revealed fine surface cracks. Phase transformation was not detected by XRD. Polishing with commercially available polishing agents, however, restored the surface roughness levels to the control group. Dental monolithic zirconia ground with tungsten carbide burs had a significantly reduced flexural strength and a smooth but defective surface. However, grinding with diamond burs roughened the zirconia surface. These defects may be reduced by polishing with commercially available polishing agents. The use of tungsten carbide burs for grinding dental zirconia should not be advocated. Grinding with diamond abrasives does not weaken zirconia but requires further polishing with commercially available polishing agents.
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Lin, Jyh-Woei. "Aluminum Tube Polishing Fire Problem: A Case Study." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 8, no. 2 (April 7, 2023): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2023.8.2.3022.

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Aluminum was a type of hard and soft material, because of its high toughness, and it was easy to generate grinding heat, so polishing was relatively difficult because of polish fire. Aluminum has been used as a processing material due to its excellent properties such as lightness, corrosion resistance, non-magnetism, alloy strength, electrical conductivity, weight, and heat dissipation. However, some problems arose when grinding aluminum tubes. Thereby, two grinding methods have been performed to reduce polish fire. An elastic polishing wheel with special heat dissipation was used. There were many grinding wheels on the market, which were adjusted according to the material. For example, the finer-grained elastic polishing wheel was used because of the elastic grinding wheel being elastic, but such wheel was afraid of vibration during high-precision polishing. Therefore, these two grinding methods have shown that the polish fire was reduced and lead to the problem of good processing efficiency with the best solution.
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Mizobuchi, Akira, Takeshi Hamada, Atsuyoshi Tashima, Keita Horimoto, and Tohru Ishida. "Polishing Performance of a Recycled Grinding Wheel Using Grinding Wheel Scraps for the Wet Polishing of Stainless-Steel Sheets." International Journal of Automation Technology 16, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 60–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2022.p0060.

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The surfaces of large austenitic stainless-steel sheets, which have side lengths of at least 1 m a sheet thickness of at least 6 mm, used for food tanks and sliding plates in seismic isolation devices, must be finished to a mirror surface. Polishing is performed to improve the surface quality of such sheets and dry machining is typically applied. The problems associated with dry machining are the exhaust heat of machining and treatment of chips. A transition to wet machining is required to solve these problems. In our laboratory, we have developed a wet polishing machine and researched the selection of grinding wheels to develop wet polishing technology for large stainless-steel sheets. In this study, to reduce tool cost and reuse resources, we attempted to manufacture a recycled grinding wheel using snippets of grinding wheel scraps. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution was used as the bonding agent for the recycled grinding wheel to reduce environmental load. To overcome the ease of dissolution of PVA in water, we attempted to improve the water resistance of the PVA aqueous solution by incorporating an organic titanium compound. This is one of our efforts to contribute to sustainable development goals. The results are summarized below. (1) A recycled grinding wheel was fabricated by kneading crushed pieces of grinding wheel scrap with a bonding agent. (2) The maintenance of the shape of the recycled grinding wheel was controlled by the concentration of the bonding agent. (3) The recycled grinding wheel with a PVA bonding agent was vulnerable to water. In contrast, the recycled grinding wheel to which the organic titanium compound was added exhibited improved water resistance. (4) The polishing of stainless-steel sheets using the plain PVA recycled wheel was relatively ineffective, but polishing using the recycled wheel with the titanium additive was comparable to polishing with a new grinding wheel.
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Huang, Zhi, Xu Ke, Shi Hang Cheng, and Fen Qing Heng. "Kinematics Analysis of Abrasive Belt Grinding Robot for Aero-Engine Blade and its Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1165–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1165.

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This paper presents an abrasive belt grinding robotic system solution for traditional aero-engine blade manual grinding situation. In order to overcome the limitation of traditional polishing robot teaching programming way and improve the efficiency of the robot offline programming and simulation of interactive, based on OpenGL robot programming and motion simulation platform with interactive features is constructed with VC++6.0. The result shows that the system is able to realistically simulate the movement of industrial robots grinding and polishing process, and it provides a reference for the other abrasive belt grinding and polishing robot off-programming and kinematics simulation development technology.
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Shi, Shuang Ji, Jia Zhi Lin, Zhu Ji Jin, Xiao Guang Guo, Ping Zhou, and Ren Ke Kang. "Study of Grinding Wheel for Polishing Diamond by Dynamic Friction Polishing." Advanced Materials Research 1017 (September 2014): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1017.304.

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Diamond is widely used in the fields of precise and ultraprecise machining because of its superlative characters. Due to high hardness and great brittleness of diamond, the grinding of diamond needs a kind of high effective and stable polishing method. Dynamic friction polishing (DFP) is deemed to be an innovative method by means of a synergistic reaction of mechanical effect and chemical change. The condition of high pressure and high temperature puts forward a high requirement for mechanical property of the grinding wheel in DFP, other than that, the graphitization of diamond catalyzed by catalytic metal is also a focus of research. In this paper, the transition metals with unpaired d electrons were selected as polishing materials, and powder metallurgy technique was used to prepare alloy grinding wheel for polishing diamond by dynamic friction polishing.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

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Tse, Shuetfung. "Models of micro positioning and methods for surface grinding process control /." View abstract or full-text, 2008. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202008%20TSE.

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Zhang, Xiaohong. "Chemical mechanical polishing and grinding of silicon wafers." Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/475.

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Pena-Diaz, Hernan R. "Experimental validation of an atomization model for fluids used in the grinding process." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18999.

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Hekman, Keith Alan. "Precision control in compliant grinding via depth-of-cut manipulation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16627.

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Agarwal, Reena. "Degradation of polymers in chemical mechanical polishing." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11828.

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Mess, Francis McCarthy. "Wear model for chemo-mechanical polishing of single crystal silicon." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/15984.

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Milton, Gareth Edward Mechanical &amp Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "An automated micro-grinding system for the fabrication of precision micro-scale profiles." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/32285.

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Production of micro-scale components is an important emergent field. One underdeveloped area is the production of micro-scale 3D surfaces, which has important applications in micro-optics and fibre optic sensors. One particular application is the production of micro-lenses. With scales of less than 200 ??m these lenses can improve light coupling efficiencies in micro-optic systems. However, current lens production techniques have limitations in accuracy and versatility. Creating these surfaces through mechanical micro-grinding has the potential to improve the precision and variety of profiles that can be produced, thus improving transmission efficiencies and leading to new applications. This work presents a novel micro-grinding method for the production of microscale asymmetric, symmetric and axisymmetric curved components from brittle materials such as glasses. A specialised micro-grinding machine and machining system has been designed, constructed and successfully tested and is presented here. This system is capable of producing complex profiles directly on the tips of optical fibre workpieces. A five degree of freedom centring system is presented that can align and rotate these workpieces about a precision axis, enabling axisymmetric grinding. A machine vision system, utilising a microscope lens system and sub-pixel localisation techniques, is used to provide feedback for the process, image processing techniques are presented which are shown to have a sensing resolution of 300 nm. Using these systems, workpieces are centred to within 500 nm. Tools are mounted on nanometre precise motion stages and motion and infeed are controlled. Tooling configurations with flat and tangential grinding surfaces are presented along with control and path generation algorithms. The capabilities and shortcomings of each are presented along with methods to predict appropriate feed rates based on experimental data. Both asymmetric and axisymmetric flat and curved micro-profiles have been produced on the tips of optical fibres using this system. These are presented and analysed and show that the system, as described, is capable of producing high quality micro-scale components with submicron dimensional accuracy and nanometric surface quality. The advantages of this technique are compared with other processes and discussed. Further development of the system and technique are also considered.
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Apelt, T. A. "Inferential measurement models for semi-autogenous grinding mills." Thesis, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technologies, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12117.

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Wizinowich, Peter Lindsay. "New technologies for polishing and testing large optics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184849.

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Two new technologies, for polishing and testing large optics, are presented in this dissertation. The first is a new approach to generating and polishing aspheric surfaces which utilizes a full size stressed lap. The lap specifications are chosen to automatically generate a specific amount of spherical aberration. The required comatic distortion of the lap is induced by a system of levers and springs which are stretched and relaxed as the lap moves. A lap was constructed to grind and polish a 20cm glass blank. The resultant polished surface, in agreement with the predicted asphericity, has 28 microns of spherical aberration at its edge, appropriate for a F/2.0 convex paraboloid. The average radial profile has a residual peak-to-valley error of 200nm and an rms error of 60nm. This experiment serves as a first successful test of the stressed lap concept and as a demonstration of a new method for generating aspheric secondary mirrors. The second new technology is concerned with testing large optics where vibrations can be a serious problem. A modification to the usual phase shifting interferometry reduction algorithm permits measurements to be taken fast enough to essentially freeze out vibrations. Only two interferograms are needed with an exact phase relationship; and these can be recorded very rapidly on either side of the interline transfer of a standard CCD video camera, prior to charge transfer readout. The third required interferogram is a null. An analysis of potential phase errors was performed for this "2 + 1" algorithm. In the developed implementation, two frequencies, dν/ν≈10⁻⁸, are generated with orthogonal polarizations. A Pockels cell rapidly switches the frequency entering the interferometer, resulting in a phase shift over the long path difference of the interferometer. The two time critical interferograms are acquired with a 1ms separation resulting in a reduction in sensitivity to vibration of one to two orders of magnitude. Laboratory tests were performed to compare this "2 + 1" system with a commercial phase shifting package. Similar phase determination accuracies were found when vibrations were low. However, the "2 + 1" system also succeeded when vibrations were large enough to wash out video rate fringes.
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Hives, Paul, of Western Sydney Nepean University, and of Mechatronic Computer and Electrical Engineering School. "Automation and modelling of robotic polishing." THESIS_XXX_MCEE_Hives_P.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/297.

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This research effort highlights emerging areas in the field of robotic polishing and includes an extensive literature survey conducted by the author. This survey shows that areas in need of further investigation for achieving automated polishing are surface measurement, CAD/CAM integration and polishing mechanics. The work conducted has been based on the use of an available robot end-effector for polishing unknown three-dimensional surfaces. A model for determining the mass of material removed during the polishing process is based on hardness testing, surface grinding and milling theory. Using this model the material removed during the polishing process is compared to results from practical experiments. Polishing trajectory for a robot-end effector to follow has been produced using CAD files in Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) format. Using these files and two types of polishing patterns, the surface roughness of polished surfaces has been compared for simple planar polygonal surfaces.
Master of Engineering (Hons)
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Books on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

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Krar, Stephen F. Grinding technology. 2nd ed. Albany: Delmar Publishers, 1995.

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Barstow, Philippa. French polishing. London: B.T. Batsford, 1993.

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Kibbe, Richard R. Grinding machine operations. New York: Wiley, 1985.

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International, Grinding Conference (3rd 1988 Fontana Wis ). Third International Grinding Conference. Dearborn, Mich. (P.O. Box 930, Dearborn 48121): Society of Manufacturing Engineers, 1988.

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Lynch, Alban J. The history of grinding. Littleton, Colo: Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration, 2005.

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Metzger, J. L. Superabrasive grinding. London: Butterworths, 1986.

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D, Marinescu Ioan, Tönshoff H. K, and Inasaki Ichiro, eds. Handbook of ceramic grinding and polishing. Park Ridge, N.J: Noyes Publications, 2000.

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Andrew, Colin. Creep feed grinding. London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1985.

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Andrew, Colin. Creep feed grinding. New York, NY: Industrial Press, 1985.

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Panʹkov, L. A. Obrabotka instrumentami iz shlifovalʹnoĭ shkurki. Leningrad: "Mashinostroenie," Leningradskoe otd-nie, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

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Fiedler, Knut Holger. "Processing (Grinding and Polishing)." In The Properties of Optical Glass, 245–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57769-7_7.

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Xu, Xiao Cun, Zhe Jun Yuan, and Bing Lin. "Optimize Parameters of Floating Polishing with Tri-Polishing-Disk." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIV, 305–8. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-459-6.305.

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Yates, John T. "Single Crystal Orientation, Grinding, and Polishing." In Experimental Innovations in Surface Science, 230–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2304-7_71.

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Dong, Li Hua, C. H. Fan, Ju Long Yuan, Z. W. Wang, and H. Yang. "Study on the Grinding Mechanism of Polishing Film." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIII, 330–34. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-986-5.330.

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Yin, Shao Hui, Takeo Shinmura, and D. Wang. "Magnetic Field-Assisted Polishing for Ferromagnetic Metallic Material." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIII, 320–24. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-986-5.320.

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Kawai, Akihito. "Dicing, Grinding, and Polishing (Kiru Kezuru and Migaku)." In Handbook of 3D Integration, 241–60. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527670109.ch18.

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Zhai, Wen Jie, Chang Xiong Liu, and Pei Lian Feng. "Hydrodynamic Analysis of Circular Translational Polishing under Mixed Lubrication." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIV, 264–68. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-459-6.264.

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Ji, Shi Ming, Xian Zhang, Li Zhang, Qiao Ling Yuan, Y. H. Wan, and Ju Long Yuan. "Form and Texture Control of Free-Form Surface Polishing." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIII, 113–17. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-986-5.113.

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Zhan, J. M., Zhi Qiang Cao, and J. Zhao. "Path Planning for Robot in Free-Form Surfaces Polishing." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIII, 426–30. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-986-5.426.

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Dong, Li Hua, Chun Hua Fan, Jian Huang, and Hong Xia Luo. "Experimental Study of Precision Polishing of Hard and Brittle Material." In Advances in Grinding and Abrasive Technology XIV, 274–78. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-459-6.274.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

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Clarke, Fred W. "Bound Abrasive Grinding and Polishing." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1986.tua3.

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The use of bound abrasive tools has historical roots in gem stone processing methods extending back for centuries. The broad use of bonded diamond tools for the manufacture of optical components runs only for about the last fifty years. The rapid development in the 1930's of powder metalurgy technology and its application to manufacture of optical tooling represented for the optical shop its most significant advance in methods since Newton's introduction of pitch for polishing tools. The advantage derives in that the "bound" particle is fixed in its system orientation. At work, it is maintained in its position or path and can be driven at elevated speeds; neither of which operating conditions is practically available to "loose" abrasives. The utility of bonded diamond tooling in optical shop operations is most readily perceived in the high rates of stock removal and great dimensional stability.
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Brown, N. J. "Free Abrasive Grinding and Polishing." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1986.tua4.

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Wolfs, Franciscus, Edward Fess, Scott DeFisher, Josh Torres, and James Ross. "Freeform grinding and polishing with PROSurf." In SPIE Optifab, edited by Julie L. Bentley and Sebastian Stoebenau. SPIE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2195899.

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Brown, Norman J. "Lapping: Polishing and Shear Mode Grinding." In Science of Optical Finishing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/sciof.1990.sma3.

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It is the thesis of this paper that shear mode grinding (SMG), (ductile grinding, nanogrinding, fractureless grinding) is just a particular form of polishing. It may be unique in that it can involve a hard wheel of very precise dimensions compared to the soft laps usually used in polishing. Such a wheel would permit the fabrication of a precision surface on a brittle material such as glass at a precisely located and oriented position on a part. The technological and economic consequences of such a process seem important but the technical obstacles to implementing the technique are for the moment formidable. It is in production in Japan. This paper provides a bit of understanding of that process obtained by making an end run around the obstacles to view the process from the vantage point of lapping.
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Namba, Y., and Y. Takehara. "Ultraprecision grinding of optical components." In The European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_europe.1998.cthc7.

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Grinding has been used in the optics industry as a typical figuring process for optical glass components. Conventional grinding requires a final polishing process for getting optical-quality surfaces. This paper present a new technology for making optical surfaces using ultraprecision grinding without a polishing process.
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Fess, Edward M., Scott DeFisher, Frank Wolfs, and Dave Mohring. "Grinding, Polishing, and Metrology of Freeform Optics." In Freeform Optics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/freeform.2013.fw1b.5.

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Parks, Robert E., and Reid Greenberg. "Load distributions beneath grinding and polishing laps." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.thf4.

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Abstract:
It is well known that when two hard bodies are rubbed together with an abrasive slurry introduced to promote wear, the two wearing surfaces become complementary mating spherical surfaces. In addition, it is known empirically that the radii of the surfaces depend on the relative motion between the two bodies. We assume the wear rates of the surfaces obey Preston's equation, that is, wear is proportional to the relative velocity times the pressure between the surfaces. We then calculate the pressure between the surfaces as a function of the shapes of the surfaces and their relative motion.
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8

Fess, Edward, James Ross, and Greg Matthews. "Grinding and polishing of conformal windows and domes." In SPIE Defense + Security, edited by Brian J. Zelinski. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2269471.

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9

Chivas, Robert, and Scott Silverman. "Adaptive grinding and polishing of packaged integrated circuits." In 2014 IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irps.2014.6861143.

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10

Hinn, Markus, and Alex Pisarski. "Efficient grinding and polishing processes for asphere manufacturing." In SPIE Optifab, edited by Julie L. Bentley and Matthias Pfaff. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2028888.

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Reports on the topic "Grinding and polishing"

1

Suratwala, T., P. Miller, J. Menapace, L. Wong, R. Steele, M. Feit, P. Davis, and C. Walmer. FY07 LDRD Final Report A Fracture Mechanics and Tribology Approach to Understanding Subsurface Damage on Fused Silica during Grinding and Polishing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/926036.

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