Academic literature on the topic 'Grief or loss group program'
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Journal articles on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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Law, Moira A., Pamela Pastirik, and Isdore Chola Shamputa. "Expressive Arts for Grieving Youth: A Pilot Project." OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine 08, no. 01 (January 28, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.2301009.
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The experience of loss due to death, illness, and social mitigation was inevitable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health services are chronically difficult to access in Canada, and this barrier is further exacerbated when trying to access certified art therapists to deliver expressive arts therapy. This pilot project attempted to provide an alternative to this service through an interprofessional alliance with a professional artist and certified counselors. A small group (n = 6) of vulnerable youth who had suffered the recent loss of a loved one and were at risk for mental health issues participated in an expressive arts therapy program, over a four-week period in the late Spring of 2021. Expressive arts activities such as clay mask making to express the emotions of grief, provided opportunities for the youth to learn healthy ways of coping with grief and loss. A mixed-methods approach involving quantitative data was collected with a battery of well-validated instruments to assess changes in depressive symptomatology, social and emotional loneliness and satisfaction with life. These measures were complemented with qualitative data collected during a focus group at the end of the program. Measures conducted before and after the program found decreases in loneliness, coupled with youth expressing the shared experience was comforting, reduced feelings of isolation, and increased a sense of belonging. Preliminary evidence supports that expressive arts programs for vulnerable youth may help to stabilize mood, decrease feelings of isolation/loneliness, and may generate a supportive community of peers, providing a safe space for the expression of grief through creative outlets.
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Cordell, Antoinette S., and Nancy Thomas. "Perinatal Loss: Intensity and Duration of Emotional Recovery." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 35, no. 3 (November 1997): 297–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/dbc8-cpvr-k5ax-v79x.
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This article seeks to expand our concept of the intense grief process that parents endure in suffering the loss of a baby. It is based on our experience of eighteen years in counseling bereaved parents in our perinatal support group program at Children's Medical Center, Dayton, Ohio. There are unique characteristics of parental grief that are not accounted for in our theories to date. Full emotional expression has been emphasized as helpful although it has been recognized in recent research findings that it may not be necessary for all individuals. Here we address how to conceptualize the continuous alternation of denial and acceptance as parents grieve and the lack of definitive resolution. We apply Berenson's Map of Emotions to this issue in developing a working clinical model of the mourning process.
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Myers-Coffman, Katherine, Felicity A. Baker, Brian P. Daly, Robert Palisano, and Joke Bradt. "The Resilience Songwriting Program for Adolescent Bereavement: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study." Journal of Music Therapy 56, no. 4 (2019): 348–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmt/thz011.
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Abstract Music therapy research with youth who are grieving often reports on a combination of interventions, such as lyric analysis, improvisation, and/or songwriting. Unfortunately, the lack of theoretical transparency in how and why these interventions affect targeted outcomes limits interpretation and application of this important research. In this exploratory study, the authors evaluated the impact of an 8-session, theory-driven group songwriting program on protective factors in adolescent bereavement, and also sought to better understand adolescents' experiences of the program. Using a single-group, pretest-posttest convergent mixed methods design, participants were enrolled from three study sites and included 10 adolescents (five girls and five boys), ages 11–17 years, who self-identified as grieving a loss. Outcomes measured included grief, coping, emotional expression, self-esteem, and meaning making. Qualitative data were captured through in-session journaling and semi-structured interviews. There were no statistically significant improvements for grief, self-esteem, coping, and meaning making. Individual score trends suggested improvements in grief. The majority of the participants reported greater inhibition of emotional expression, and this was statistically significant. Thematic findings revealed that the program offered adolescents a sense of togetherness, a way to safely express grief-related emotions and experiences verbally and nonverbally, and opportunities for strengthening music and coping skills. These findings suggest that engaging in collaborative therapeutic songwriting with grieving peers may decrease levels of grief, enhance creative expression, and provide social support. More research is needed on measuring self-esteem, emotional expression, coping, and meaning making outcomes in ways that are meaningful to adolescents.
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Koblenz, Jessica. "Growing From Grief." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 73, no. 3 (March 10, 2015): 203–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815576123.
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Currently, there are 2.5 million children in the United States who suffered the loss of a parent. Grieving children are more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety compared with their nongrieving peers. Adults ( N = 19) who experienced a loss during childhood were interviewed to assess what was most helpful and most harmful in coping through the years following the death. The qualitative descriptions were coded and analysis of common themes determined. Five theoretical constructs were found: adjustment to catastrophe, support, therapy, continuing a connection with the deceased parent, and reinvestment. The findings have clinical applications for bereaved children, their families, and clinical programs targeting this population. The unique insights provide an emotionally salient expression of their experiences and provide a framework for how best to support this group.
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Turunen, Tuija, and Raija-Leena Punamäki. "Professionally Led Peer Support Group Process After the School Shooting in Finland." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 73, no. 1 (March 10, 2015): 42–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222815575700.
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Background Traumatic grief is a risk factor for psychological and physiological impairment. In a school shooting incident in Finland, several people lost their lives, and a large number of bereaved family members were at risk for traumatic grief. Psychosocial support for these bereaved was therefore essential, and this article describes a program that was developed for that purpose. Method Professionally led peer support group process was provided for the relatives of the deceased in the school shooting in Kauhajoki, Finland, 2008. The 2-year-long process consisted of five weekend gatherings with psychoeducative and group-work elements. The content of the process was based on the existing knowledge of and recommendations for enhancing recovery after a traumatic loss. Results On the average, 50 relatives of the deceased in the school shooting participated in the process. The process was based on the principles of (a) timing of the group work and interventions according to stages of bereavement, (b) psychoeducation, awareness rising, and recognizing the signs of posttraumatic symptoms, (c) attachment theory-based elements in parents' and siblings' grief and group work, and (d) encouraging cohesion and strength of families' natural networks and support systems. Conclusion Professionally led peer support group process is a trauma-theory-based intervention, which reaches a large number of the bereaved with similar loss. Via group work, psychoeducation, and shared rituals, the bereaved have an opportunity to share and express emotions and experiences, as well as increase their skills in psychological recovery after a violent death of a family member.
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Oudshoorn, Abe, Cheryl Forchuk, Jodi Hall, Tracy Smith-Carrier, and Amy Van Berkum. "An evaluation of a Housing First program for chronically homeless women." Journal of Social Inclusion 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 34–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36251/josi136.
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Housing First is rapidly developing as a promising practice for ending homelessness. However, concerns have been raised regarding application for particular populations, such as women. Using a critical feminist lens, this evaluation assessed a Housing First program delivered in a mid-sized city in Ontario, Canada. The evaluation included interviews with program participants, program providers, and community key informants. Ultimately, the program proved successful in housing a small group of chronically homeless women, demonstrating that Housing First works with women, and works best when designed with the unique needs of women taken into consideration. The program achieved moderate fidelity to the Housing First model, and a number of recommendations are provided to better meet the unique needs of women. In particular, the issue of unresolved grief and loss in the context of child apprehension was identified as a root cause of ongoing trauma. Consideration is also given to the intersection between mental health services and Housing First programs.
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Berrett-Abebe, Julie, Elyse Levin-Russman, Marie Elena Gioiella, and Jeffrey M. Adams. "Parental experiences with a hospital-based bereavement program following the loss of a child to cancer." Palliative and Supportive Care 15, no. 3 (November 7, 2016): 348–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951516000821.
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AbstractObjective:The death of a child from cancer is an intense and life-changing loss for a parent. Guided by the principles of patient- and family-centered care, hospital-based caregivers developed a program to provide bereavement support for parents through phone calls and mailings. The aim of the present qualitative phenomenological study was to understand how parents experienced participating in this bereavement program.Method:A total of eight parents from six families participated in a focus-group evaluation of the two-year hospital-based bereavement program. Two social work clinicians/researchers independently analyzed the transcript of the focus group to define themes.Results:Four themes were identified: (1) lived experience of grief, (2) importance of relationships with the hospital-based team, (3) bereavement support from hospital-based providers, and (4) extending bereavement care.Significance of Results:Participants indicated the value of ongoing communication and connection with members of the healthcare team, who were often central to a family's life for years during their child's cancer treatment. Parents also provided suggestions for extending bereavement support through continued contact with providers and informal annual gatherings, as well as through a peer (parent-to-parent) support program.
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Corral Trujillo, M. E., R. A. Cerda González, H. G. Martínez Sandoval, A. Carrazco Chapa, K. M. López Serna, J. C. Riega-Torres, L. Pérez Barbosa, C. M. Skinner Taylor, and D. Á. Galarza-Delgado. "AB1839-HPR PERINATAL GRIEF IN WOMEN WITH AUTOIMMUNE RHEUMATIC DISEASES." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (May 30, 2023): 2150.2–2151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.4639.
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BackgroundPerinatal loss (PL), defined as a loss from any gestational age or in the neonatal period [1] lead women to the process of grieving. Perinatal Grief (PG) involves suffering and reaction such as sadness, disbelief and anger [2].PL and PG symptoms affect many women around the world; women with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs) have greater risk of PL. The Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS) can help health providers prevent complicated grief in their patients [3].ObjectivesDetermine which PL and sociodemographic variables are associated factors to a complicated grief in women with ARDs.MethodsDescriptive, cross-sectional, comparative study at the Hospital Universitario “Dr. José Eleuterio González” in México. We included women from the Pregnancy and Rheumatic Diseases Clinic (CEER) that answer a virtual survey with the PGS. The demographic, ARD and PL data were obtained from the clinical records. For the control group, women without ARD were invited to fill a virtual survey with the PGS, sociodemographic and PL data.The PGS is a Likert-type scale that consists of 27 items with four response options. The questions are distributed in four subscales: active grief (10 items), guilt (8 items), depression (6 items), acceptance (3 items). Scores greater than 50 points suggests a complicated grief comorbidity.The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine normality; to analyze the differences between groups, Mann–Whitney U, Chi-square tests and T-test were employed. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The statistical analysis was performed with the statistical program SPSS version 25.ResultsA total of 50 women were included: 25 with ARD and 25 without ARD. The median age for the group with ARD was 42 (38.5-51) and 34 (26-42.5) for the without ARD group. In the ARD group the most frequent diagnosis were systemic lupus erythematosus (7/14%), rheumatoid arthritis (6/12%) and Antiphospholipid Syndrome (4/8%).For the PGS, twenty (40%) of the 50 women got a score >50; 11 (55%) were women without ARD and 9(45%) have ARD. The PL, suffered by these 20 women were 18 during the pregnancy (17/85% on the first trimester and 1/5% on the second trimester) and 2 (10%) after birth. No statistically differences were found in the total score and subscales of the PGS between groups. The sociodemographic and PL data and the PGS score for both groups are included intable 1.ConclusionEven though there were no significant differences between groups; we hypothesize that the greater number of PL in women with ARD serves as a protective factor and prevents that the PG evolve to a complicated grief. On the other hand, having the PL during the first trimester of the pregnancy can be a risk factor for complicated grief. Our limitation was the sample size for both groups.References[1] Côté-Arsenault D and Denney-Loelsch E (2016) “Have no regrets”: Parents’ experiences and developmental task in pregnancy with lethal fetal diagnosis. Social Sciences and Medicine 154, 100–109.[2] Bonanno GA and Kaltman S (2001) The varieties of grief experience. Clinical Psychology Review 21, 705–734.[3] Mota González C, Calleja Bello N, Aldana Calva E, Gómez López ME, Sánchez Pichardo MA. Escala de duelo perinatal: validación en mujeres mexicanas con pérdida gestacional. Revista latinoamericana de psicología. 2011 Sep;43(3):419-28.Table 1.Clinical characterizationPatients with ARD N=25Patients without ARD N=25P=0.05Years of education0.114>9 years21 (84%)15 (60%)<9 years4 (16%)10 (40%)Marital Status0.225Single2 (8%)2 (8%)Married/Common law20 (80%)15 (60%)Divorced3 (12%)8 (32%)Perinatal Losses0.387113 (52%)17 (68%)>112 (48%)3 (32%)Number of pregnancies, median (IQR)4 (2.5-5)3 (2-3.5)0.38Number of living children, median (IQR)2 (1-3)1 (0.5-2)0.123PGS score, median (IQR)43(37.5-60.0)46 (39.5-62.5)0.587PGS active grief subscale13 (10-18)14 (12-18.5)0.355PGS depression subscale12 (10-19)12 (10-22)0.782PGS guilt subscale12 (9-18.5)12 (8-17)0.815PGS acceptance subscale6 (6-8)7 (6-8)0.347Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.
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Lewin, Linda C., and Kathleen J. Farkas. "Living with the loss of a child: Mothers in the criminal justice system." Palliative and Supportive Care 10, no. 4 (May 22, 2012): 265–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147895151100099x.
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AbstractObjective:Bereaved mothers have expressed the need to maintain a bond with their children who have died, to retain control over the funeral rituals, and to express their loss to others who are empathetic. This study describes grief over the loss of a child in women who have been or are currently incarcerated, and the influence of the women's family members.Method:This descriptive qualitative study consisted of open-ended interview questions to encourage the women to describe their experience in their own words. A purposive sample (N = 10) was recruited from a prison re-entry program and a county jail.Results:All of the participants described maladaptive responses such as the use of alcohol and drugs, restricted family support, and dysfunctional coping. None of the participants had received focused bereavement services.Significance of Results:The descriptive perspective from the participants can inform clinicians who work with women who have a history of involvement with the criminal justice system, and recommends that they should inquire about the women's children and experiences with loss. Community re-entry and jail/prison counselors should provide access to confidential and group-based therapeutic support, including Compassionate Friends.
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Frimoth, Margaret R. "Partnership Commitment During a Global Pandemic." Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies 8, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/ijps.v8i1.3737.
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Riane Eisler challenges us to identify and embrace partnership relationships in every aspect of our lives — personal, social, cultural, environmental, and economic. Her trove of written work and public appearances shape a vision of our greater selves working together to achieve more than the sum of our separate lives. Now, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, the reality of overwhelming separation, grief, loss, and social distancing begs the question: Is it truly possible to achieve partnership values? Sometimes, we need to step away from news reports and social media to seek comfort in the stories that make positive differences in our lives. In this article, the author shares a story, more than three decades in the making, of a small group of committed volunteers who tackle a most difficult and disturbing form of oppression — child sexual abuse. An annual camp program, first requested by child survivors themselves, is deeply linked to partnership system ideologies. The Victory Over Child Abuse (VOCA) Camp story actualizes partnership values by firmly wrapping them around a tenacious vision of intentionally safe community. When communities commit to partnership systems, healing and non-violence become the norm, social transformation is possible, and children are safe.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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Roe, Gary N. "Loss and grief a guide for small groups /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Tozeland, Judith C. "Working through grief and loss with children and their families, group and individual approaches." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0004/MQ32269.pdf.
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Croll, Linda R. McFadyen. "A family-focused approach for the treatment of grief and loss, group and family therapy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0012/MQ32087.pdf.
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Shahbaz, Amy Renee. "Spiritual experience: The relationship with the grief process." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2118.
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There were four major purposes of this study: (1) to evaluate the level of grief experience by bereaved individuals who attend either a grief support group or grief psycho-educational group in the Inland Empire, (2) to evaluate the level of spirtuality experienced by bereaved individuals who attend either a grief support or grief psycho-educational group in the Inland Empire, (3) to correlate the level of grief reactions with the level of spiritual experience within bereaved individuals, and (4) to describe demongraphic and grief/spiritual-related factors that may influence a bereaved individual's spiritual experience and grief process.
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Selleck, Claire D. "“We Just Didn’t Talk About It:” Strategies of Stigmatized Grief Management." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3900.
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This study explores the experiences of people who have lost loved ones due to socially stigmatized deaths. Drawing from eight individual interviews, the author argues that the stigma associated with death due to drug overdose, suicide, substance abuse, or murder can cause traumatic or prolonged grief and can complicate the way the bereaved talk about grief as a part of their healing process. With the mortality rate in the U.S. rising, there is an epidemic of disenfranchised grief affecting millions of bereaved individuals. Using Coordinated Management of Meaning and Communication Privacy Management theories, the author uncovers strategies the traumatically bereaved employ to manage interactions and relationships with others. A qualitative analysis of participant interviews revealed that social stigma, whether experienced or anticipated, affects the way the bereaved communicate and can cause self-silencing. Findings indicate a need for safe, supportive, and non-judgmental spaces for the traumatically bereaved to share their stories.
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Rigsby, Andrea Danielle Gropper Sareen Annora Stepnick. "Success of women in a worksite weight loss program attempting to lose weight as part of a group compared to women attempting to lose weight as individuals." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SPRING/Nutrition_and_Food_Science/Thesis/Rigsby_Andrea_4.pdf.
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Fourie, Anna Margaretha. "Riglyne vir 'n groepsterapeutiese program gerig op adolessente in 'n rouproses (Afrikaans)." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30436.
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Die doel van hierdie navorsingstudie is om riglyne vir 'n groepsterapeutiese program te ontwikkel waarin adolessente in rou (in besonder na die afsterwe van 'n betekenisvolle ander) die geleentheid kry om hul emosies rondom sterwe en rou te verwerk. In 'n omvattende literatuurstudie is bestaande teorieë aangaande die ontwikkelingsfase adolessensie, rou-, verdriet- en verliesreaksies asook terapeutiese groepe en groepsprogramme, bespreek. Die navorsingsprosedures is vervolgens bespreek gedurende die eerste en laaste sessies is vir die doel van evaluering 'n persoonlike vraelys, die Beck Depressie-vraelys en spesifieke T.A.T.-kaarte aan die groeplede voorgelê. Die groepsprosedures is op oudioband opgeneem vir analise en interpretasie van prosesnotas. Die verwerking van die data wat ingesamel is, is kwalitatief ontleed. Elf Afrikaanssprekende adolessente is op 'n hoërskoolkamp genader om vrywillig aan die program deel te neem. Vyf het aan die program deelgeneem. Die studie het die volgende resultate opgelewer: - Groepsterapie en die -programme beinvloed die emosionele verliese van adolessente in rou.
- Groepsterapie en die -programme dra by tot die konstruktiewe vermindering van gevoelens van rou, verlies en gepaardgaande depressie by adolessente.
- Groepsterapie dra by tot 'n adolessent se hernude ingesteldheid op hoop en die toekoms.
- Group therapy and the -programme influence the emotional losses of adolescents in the process of mourning.
- Group therapy and the -programme alleviate feelings of grief, loss and depression in adolescents.
- Group therapy contributes to an adolescents' renewed feelings of hope and the future.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 1997.
Psychology
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Zunker, Christie L. "Maintaining healthy eating behaviors with women after a weight management program a grounded theory approach /." Thesis, Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2009. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2009p/zunker.pdf.
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Weinhold, Kellie Rose. "Efficacy of a Worksite Trial of the Diabetes Prevention Program among Employees with Prediabetes." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397656305.
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Meikle, Evette M. "Implementation and process of the Grief Recovery Program in a group therapy modiality versus an individual therapy modality." 2003. http://www.grief-recovery.com.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Mount Saint Vincent University, 2003."The Grief Recovery© Program is an educational and counseling program designed by the Grief Recovery Institute"--Abstract; accessible on the Internet: http://www.grief-recovery.com. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-72).
Books on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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E, Piper William, ed. Short-term group therapies for complicated grief: Two research-based models. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2011.
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D, McCallum Mary Ph, and Azim Hassan F. A, eds. Adaptation to loss through short-term group psychotherapy. New York: Guilford Press, 1992.
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R, Jimerson Shane, and Gaasch Ann, eds. Grief support group curriculum: Facilitator's handbook. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner-Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2000.
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1946-, Aaker David A., ed. The bereavement ministry program: A comprehensive guide for churches. Notre Dame, Ind: Ave Maria Press, 1998.
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Wolfelt, Alan. The understanding your suicide grief support group guide: Meeting plans for facilitators. Fort Collins, Colo: Companion Press, 2009.
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James, John W. The grief recovery handbook: A step-by-step program for moving beyond loss. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
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Jean, Marnocha, ed. Bereavement support group program for children: Leader manual. Muncie, Ind: Accelerated Development, 1990.
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R, Jimerson Shane, and Gaasch Ann, eds. Teens together grief support group curriculum: Adolescence edition : grades 7-12. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner-Routledge, 2001.
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Russell, Friedman, ed. The grief recovery handbook: The action program for moving beyond death, divorce, and other losses. New York: HarperPerennial, 1998.
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R, Jimerson Shane, and Gaasch Ann, eds. Mourning child grief support group curriculum: Middle childhood edition : grades 3-6. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner-Routledge, 2001.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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Roberts, Jane. "Grief and Loss." In The Group Therapist's Notebook, 228–41. 2nd edition. | New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315457055-28.
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Katz, Allan J., and Mary Hickam Bellofatto. "Grief, Loss, and Mourning." In Experiential Group Therapy Interventions with DBT, 21–28. New York : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351183345-3.
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Neimeyer, Robert A., Evgenia (Jane) Milman, and Edith Maria Steffen. "The Meaning in Loss Group." In New Techniques of Grief Therapy, 26–45. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351069120-3.
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Stein, Cy A. "Life Is Loss (. . . and How I Tolerated It when I Became a House Officer)." In Loss and Grief, 196—C16.P44. Oxford University PressNew York, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197524534.003.0017.
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Abstract It was not until my internship and residency program, at age thirty-two, that I suffered the greatest loss of my life. This involved what I perceived as a complete loss of agency due to my perception of a catastrophic diminution in my status as a valued member of society and my inability to derive much pleasure in life when my days and nights were devoted solely to working and sleeping. My unrelenting schedule and the acute and chronic sleep deprivation caused marital problems and robbed me of any quality time with our new baby. When I express these thoughts to many physicians who are my contemporaries, they are incredulous. “But,” many of my flabbergasted contemporaries will insist, “internship and residency were where I learned so much, and where I acquired the technical skills and ways of thinking that allowed me to become a practicing physician. It was an invaluable experience that cannot not be replicated. And if this experience were to be modified in any way, God help us all!”
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"The Adolescent Grief and Loss (AGL) Group." In Counseling Adolescents Through Loss, Grief, and Trauma, 113–28. New York, NY : Routledge, 2016.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203699638-9.
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"Group Therapy: An Ideal Modality." In Counseling Adolescents Through Loss, Grief, and Trauma, 97–111. New York, NY : Routledge, 2016.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203699638-8.
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"Loving Outreach to Survivors of Suicide (LOSS) Program: A Postvention Service for Survivors of Suicide." In Grief After Suicide, 419–26. Routledge, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203886045-34.
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Strouse, Sharon. "Dreamscaping with Pairs in a Group Setting: A Dance of Co-Creation." In Prescriptive Memories in Grief and Loss, 167–78. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315166711-13.
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Darrow, Lusijah S., and Janet Childs. "Centre for Living with Dying Grief Program." In Experiential Action Methods and Tools for Healing Grief and Loss-Related Trauma, 8–11. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429297496-3.
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Rosenstein, Donald L., and Justin M. Yopp. "“Of Course I’m Depressed, but Do I Have Depression?”." In The Group. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190649562.003.0010.
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What’s the difference between being very shy and having social phobia? Or between a “neat freak” and a person who suffers from obsessive-compulsive disorder? Or a particularly fidgety schoolboy and a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? Distinctions between the outer bounds of “normal” and “pathological” are ubiquitous in modern life and not easy to make. People who experience loss respond in different ways, with varying degrees of intensity, and for different lengths of time. Mental health professionals find these responses difficult to predict. For example, leaders in the bereavement field have disagreed sharply and for a long time about how to define normal and abnormal grief. This professional disagreement about grief and bereavement made headlines when the American Psychiatric Association (APA) considered changing its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). Every fifteen to twenty years, the APA revises the DSM—which establishes the criteria clinicians use to diagnose psychiatric disorders—to incorporate the latest scientific research and contemporary expert opinion. Before the most recent edition (DSM-5) came out, the APA considered two grief-related proposals that sparked very heated debate. The most controversial proposal suggested modifying how professionals diagnose major depression. The previous edition of the DSM specified that clinicians could not consider someone to have major depression if that person had lost a loved one less than two months earlier. The APA intended this “bereavement exclusion” to keep mental health professionals from mistaking grief for clinical depression. Clinical researchers Sidney Zisook, MD, at the University of California at San Diego and Katherine Shear, MD, at the Columbia University School of Social Work led one side of the debate. They argued that professionals should diagnose clinical depression even in the context of bereavement as they would following any other stressful life event such as divorce or the loss of a job. Zisook and Shear thought that people could experience both grief and depression simultaneously. Perhaps most importantly, they said, people who had clinical depression during early bereavement were no less deserving of treatment for their depression.
Conference papers on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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Fitriyani, Ayu Laela, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, and Bhisma Murti. "Effect on Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Organophosphate Pesticides Exposure among Rice Farmers in Sukoharjo, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.48.
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ABSTRACT Background: Chronic exposure to organophosphate pesticides can increase the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression and anxiety. Unsafe behavior from farmers will endanger the health of farmers, especially in the form of neuropsychiatric disorders (depression and anxiety). This study aimed to analyze the effects of pesticide exposure and psychosocial determinants on depression and anxiety. Subjects and Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Sukoharjo, Central Java. The study population was rice farmers. A sample of 200 rice farmers who use organophospate pesticide was selected by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variable was neuropsychiatry (anxiety and depression). The independent variables were exposure to organophospate pesticide, had family history of depression, loss and grief, post trauma, work stress, and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by a multiple linear regression. Results: The risk of depression increased with high exposure to organophospate pesticide (b= 0.15; 95% CI= 0.05 to 0.26; p= 0.005), had family history of depression (b= 5.10; 95% CI= 2.60 to 7.60; p<0.001), loss and grief (b= 2.94; 95% CI= 0.76 to 5.11; p= 0.008), post trauma (b= 2.57; 95% CI= 0.24 to 4.89; p= 0.031), and work stress (b= 0.16; 95% CI= 0.05 to 0.27; p= 0.005). The risk of depression decreased with the use of PPE (b= -0.69; 95% CI= -1.32 to -0.076; p= 0.028). The risk of anxiety increased with high exposure to organophospate pesticide (b= 0.13; 95% CI= 0.02 to 0.24; p= 0.025), post trauma (b= 5.96; 95% CI= 3.48 to 8.44; p<0.001), loss and grief (b= 3.39; 95% CI= 1.07 to 5.71; p<0.001), had family history of depression (b= 2.95; 95% CI= 0.29 to 5.62; p= 0.004), and work stress (b= 0.19; 95% CI= 0.07 to 0.30; p=0.002). The risk of anxiety decreased with the use of PPE (b= -0.09; 95% CI= -1.57 to -0.024; p=0.008). Conclusion: The risk of depression increases with high exposure to organophospate pesticide, family history of depression, loss and grief, post trauma, and work stress. The risk of depression decreases with the use of PPE. The risk of anxiety increases with high exposure to organophospate pesticide, post trauma, loss and grief, had family history of depression, and work stress. The risk of anxiety decreases with the use of PPE. Keywords: Neuropsychiatry disorder, depression, anxiety Correspondence: Ayu Laela Fitriyani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ayulf030395@gmail.com. Mobile: +625796333986. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.48
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Bhat, Raj Nath. "Language, Culture and History: Towards Building a Khmer Narrative." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.3-2.
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Genetic and geological studies reveal that following the melting of snows 22,000 years ago, the post Ice-age Sundaland peoples’ migrations as well as other peoples’ migrations spread the ancestors of the two distinct ethnic groups Austronesian and Austroasiatic to various East and South–East Asian countries. Some of the Austroasiatic groups must have migrated to Northeast India at a later date, and whose descendants are today’s Munda-speaking people of Northeast, East and Southcentral India. Language is the store-house of one’s ancestral knowledge, the community’s history, its skills, customs, rituals and rites, attire and cuisine, sports and games, pleasantries and sorrows, terrain and geography, climate and seasons, family and neighbourhoods, greetings and address-forms and so on. Language loss leads to loss of social identity and cultural knowledge, loss of ecological knowledge, and much more. Linguistic hegemony marginalizes and subdues the mother-tongues of the peripheral groups of a society, thereby the community’s narratives, histories, skills etc. are erased from their memories, and fabricated narratives are created to replace them. Each social-group has its own norms of extending respect to a hearer, and a stranger. Similarly there are social rules of expressing grief, condoling, consoling, mourning and so on. The emergence of nation-states after the 2nd World War has made it imperative for every social group to build an authentic, indigenous narrative with intellectual rigour to sustain itself politically and ideologically and progress forward peacefully. The present essay will attempt to introduce variants of linguistic-anthropology practiced in the West, and their genesis and importance for the Asian speech communities. An attempt shall be made to outline a Khymer narrative with inputs from Khymer History, Art and Architecture, Agriculture and Language, for the scholars to take into account, for putting Cambodia on the path to peace, progress and development.
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Blyukher, Boris. "Incorporating Total Quality Management Into Safety Program: General Approach." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1384.
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An increasing number of articles in professional journals in safety field address the natural fit between safety and quality. As a group, safety professionals strive to improve organizational performance through application of loss control and safety management techniques. The total quality management (TQM) philosophy also emphasizes improvement of overall organizational performance via application of quality management concepts and techniques. This paper presents a conceptual model and framework for developing a comprehensive safety program with incorporating elements of TQM which contribute to potential hazards and accidents reduction. These methods are demonstrated on the example of safety program for Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory (SSC). The goal of this program is to analyze various components interfaces and interrelationships to ensure that they meet specified safety criteria. The proposed program is based on a proven managerial approach to provide timely documentation for design and operations associated with systems, facilities, and equipment. As a result of this program, provisions and actions for quality assurance, reliability, safety, and hazard prevention and control have been put in place to reduce all identifiable potential hazards to a low risk level.
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Brown, Jason A., Robert A. Osterrieder, Robert J. Lutz, Maurice Dingler, and Lewis A. Ward. "Westinghouse Owners Group Risk-Informed Regulation Efforts: Options 2 and 3." In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22597.
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The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has initiated efforts to incorporate risk-informed methods to redefine the scope of the existing 10 CFR 50 regulations (Option 2) and to change the technical requirements of the regulations (Option 3). The overall objectives of these efforts are to enhance plant safety, provide a framework for risk-informed regulations, add flexibility to plant operations, and reduce regulatory burden. The Westinghouse Owners Group (WOG) has a variety of active programs in the risk-informed area, including a program in the Option 2 and Option 3 areas. These two programs will be summarized including the benefits and the technical approach. The purpose of Option 2 is to make changes to the overall scope of structures, systems and components (SSCs) covered by 10 CFR 50 requiring special treatment by formulating new risk-informed safety classification categories that are linked to current definitions of safety-related and important-to-safety. This initiative would permit possible changes to the current special treatment requirements based on risk insights. The Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) has developed an Option 2 implementation guideline (NEI 00-04 Draft Revision B). The WOG has initiated a program to validate the NEI guideline and to provide an initial cost-benefit assessment of the revised categorization and treatment under Option 2 via trial application to two systems at both Surry Unit 1 and Wolf Creek. The WOG Option 2 program includes consideration of all of the components in the selected systems, regardless of whether or not they are modeled in the respective plant probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) studies. As a result, quantitative risk measures are not available for many of the components being considered. In this case, the WOG program will provide valuable input to the NEI guideline. Additionally, the WOG program extends the use of both of the dominant methodologies for risk-informed ISI (RI-ISI) to address repair and replacement activities of pressure-retaining items per Code Cases under development within ASME. Therefore, feedback is provided on the consideration of passive components for extending both the WOG and Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) RI-ISI methodologies for piping to all pressure-retaining items. In the Option 3 area, the WOG Large Break Loss-of-Coolant Accident (LBLOCA) Redefinition program is a risk-informed approach to improve select regulations (10 CFR 50.46, Appendix A, and Appendix K) such that the plant licensing basis is focused on LOCA break sizes up to a new maximum size. The new maximum break size will replace the existing requirement to consider break sizes up to and including double ended breaks of the largest primary system piping. Plants will retain the capability to mitigate a break of the largest primary system piping as evaluated using realistic success criteria and assumptions. The WOG is also providing input to the development of a risk-informed 10 CFR 50.44 based on insights from the WOG Severe Accident Management Guidance and plant-specific PRA studies.
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Detar, Heather L., Daniel T. McLaughlin, and Robert J. Lutz. "Probabilistic Model for Debris-Induced Loss of Long Term Core Cooling." In 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48780.
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Generic Safety Issue (GSI) 191 deals with the potential for generation and transport of debris following a design basis accident that is in excess of quantities assumed in the original design basis and licensing of Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) plants. In addition to physical modifications to the sump screens to comply with the Generic Letter requirements, some plants have also changed Emergency Operating Procedures (EOPs) to include contingency actions to prevent debris-induced loss of long term core cooling. ASME Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) standard RA-Sb-2005 requires that the plant PRA be maintained and updated to reflect the current plant design and operation. Development of PRA models to quantify the potential for debris-induced loss of long term core cooling supports the PRA updated to reflect the as-built as-operated plant. The PWR Owners Group (PWROG) has undertaken a program to develop a generic PRA model for this issue. The generic PRA model was developed to address the overall plant risk, including new physical and procedural modifications. The model also addresses applications, such as Maintenance Rule screening and the assessment of the risk significance of deviations from the licensing basis analyses. The new PRA model probabilistically treats several facets of the potential for debris-induced challenges to long term core cooling; including debris generation and transport as a function of Reactor Coolant System (RCS) break size and location. The PRA model will permit plant operators to easily incorporate the potential for inadequate core cooling during emergency core cooling recirculation from the containment sump into their PRA Level 1 and Level 2 models. The methodology is based on realistically modeling the conditions that may lead to a debris-induced loss of long term core cooling. The PWROG model also includes consideration of water management strategies being implemented by several PWR plant operators.
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Stevenson, Paul R., Richard L. Haessler, Alex McNeill, Mark A. Pyne, and Raymond A. West. "Lessons Learned From Implementation of Westinghouse Owners Group Risk-Informed Inservice Inspection Methodology for Piping." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89740.
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Risk-informed inservice inspection (ISI) programs have been in use for over seven years as an alternative to current regulatory requirements in the development and implementation of ISI programs for nuclear plant piping systems. Programs using the Westinghouse Owners Group (WOG) (now known as the Pressurized Water Reactor Owners Group - PWROG) risk-informed ISI methodology have been developed and implemented within the U.S. and several other countries. Additionally, many plants have conducted or are in the process of conducting updates to their risk-informed ISI programs. In the development and implementation of these risk-informed ISI programs and the associated updates to those programs, the following important lessons learned have been identified and are addressed. • Concepts such as “loss of inventory,” which are typically not modeled in a plant’s probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) model for all systems. • The importance of considering operator actions in the identification of consequences associated with a piping failure and the categorization of segments as high safety significant (HSS) or low safety significant (LSS). • The impact that the above considerations have had on the large early release frequency (LERF) and categorization of segments as HSS or LSS. • The importance of automation. • Making the update process more efficient to reduce costs associated with maintaining the risk-informed ISI program. The insights gained are associated with many of the steps in the risk-informed ISI process including: development of the consequences associated with piping failures, categorization of segments, structural element selection and program updates. Many of these lessons learned have impacted the results of the risk-informed ISI programs and have impacted the updates to those programs. This paper summarizes the lessons learned and insights gained from the application of the WOG risk-informed ISI methodology in the U.S., Europe and Asia.
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Rudland, D., P. Scott, R. Kurth, and A. Cox. "Continuing Development of PRO-LOCA for the Prediction of Break Probabilities for Loss-of-Coolant Accidents." In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77053.
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As part of a possible risk-informed revision of the design-basis break size requirements for operating commercial nuclear power plants as specified in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), the NRC began development of a probabilistic piping fracture mechanics code called PRO-LOCA. The initial development of this code and its background was published at a prior PVP conference. Since that time, the development of the PRO-LOCA code has continued through an international group program entitled Maximizing Enhancements in Risk Informed Technology (MERIT). The MERIT program includes participation from Canada, Korea, Sweden, UK, and the US (NRC and EPRI). The PRO-LOCA code, which aides in predicting piping break frequencies as a function of break size, incorporates many enhancements in technology since some of the earlier probabilistic codes (e.g., PRAISE) were developed. These enhancements include improved crack stability analyses, leak rate models, crack initiation and growth models, and material property data. In addition, degradation mechanisms such as primary water stress corrosion cracking (PWSCC) for dissimilar welds in pressurized water reactors (PWRs) are included in the PRO-LOCA code. This paper reviews the ongoing development of the PRO-LOCA code by giving a brief description of the recent updates made to the models embedded in the code. Some of these capabilities include improvements to crack initiation and growth models, welding residual stress distribution inputs, the addition of weld overlays, past and future inspections, the addition of importance sampling, and bootstrap methods for predicting confidence limits on output. The current version of the PRO-LOCA code was used for a sensitivity analyses in order to demonstrate the effects of welding residual stress uncertainty on the probability of leak and rupture. Plans for the continuing development of the PRO-LOCA code conclude this paper.
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Pace, Raymond M., and Jason Ritzel. "Elimination of BWR Mark I Program Primary Containment Drywell-to-Wetwell Differential Pressure." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21001.
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Abstract The Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) Mark I (Mk I) Containment Program was implemented by the Owner’s Group circa 1970 to mitigate the effects of small, intermediate and design bases, Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA), pipe break accidents on the torus, supports, internal structures and attached piping [1 & 2]. One of the significant mitigation attributes implemented during the Mk I Program is Normal Operation (NO) with a drywell-to-wetwell Differential Pressure (dP) maintained by the plant Nitrogen Make-up System used to inert the Primary Containment (PC) [3]. The differential pressure served to reduce the downcomer water leg in the vent system resulting in significantly reduced vent system thrust and pool swell loads. The vent system is designed to transport the mixture of drywell atmosphere, steam, and water forced from the drywell by the increasing pressure post-accident, quenching it in the pool of water maintained in the suppression chamber (torus). Based on plant experience, to sustain PC dP requires frequent venting of the Torus or nitrogen make-up to the drywell requiring Standby Gas System operation and cycling of PC vent and purge valves which places additional burden on the charcoal filters. The venting also places burden on Control Room Operators to perform the required actions and maintain Technical Specification (TS) limits. Elimination of the dP benefits plant operation by minimizing cycling of PC Isolation Valves, reduction of burden on Control Room operators due to the wider pressure control envelop, reduction in Standby Gas System cycles extending charcoal filter life and a reduction of the nitrogen make-up [4]. Overall, the Utility estimates that elimination of the dP will provide an estimated cost savings of $0.5 M per year.
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Peterson, Kirsten L., Marc D. Compere, Yosef S. Allam, and Bernard J. Van Wie. "A Fluid Flow Characterization Device for an Educational Desktop Learning Module." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88525.
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This paper presents the design and testing of a fluid loss characterization device for use in engineering education as a classroom or laboratory demonstration in a core curriculum fluid dynamics course. The design is specifically tailored for clear demonstration of the abstract concept of fluid loss in a way that supports collaborative, hands-on, active, and problem-based learning. This stand-alone device is intended as a prototype for a Desktop Learning Module (DLM) cartridge. The DLM module framework was developed by engineering educators at Washington State University as part of a collaborative NSF-sponsored program. The fluid loss characterization device was sponsored by the Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Honors Program in Daytona Beach, Florida. The purpose of the experiment is to have students determine the loss coefficients and friction factors of different piping components in a fluid flow system. The experiment involves measuring volumetric flowrate changes in the system due to the introduction of minor and major losses. A pump circulates water at a specified rate tunable by the students to achieve a steady state flow condition. Height sensors report tank heights and a flow meter shows volumetric flow rate which is verifiable with student’s data collection. A graphical computer interface allows students to control pump rate and also reports tank height in real time. The computer and height sensors are not critical to the learning objectives and may be replaced with rulers and a potentiometer for motor control. The educational goals are for students to gain a better understanding of the transition between Bernoulli’s flow equation and the Energy equation, to study major and minor losses, and experimentally determine volumetric flowrate. Fluid flow loss concepts can be reinforced by experimentally verifying these concepts immediately after presenting them on the whiteboard. Educational assessments measuring gains with pre- and post-tests and a conceptual test one week later were performed with a control group and experimental group. Results are presented that allow direct comparison between a hands-on activity versus conventional lecture-based instruction alone. The results indicate no statistically significant differences in gains between control and treatment groups; however the trend indicates improved ability to describe abstract concepts on the material 1 week later in the experiment group. The most promising results show that a greater percentage of students who were actively involved with the demonstration increased their scores from post- to conceptual assessment. This agrees with previously published results on CHAPL [1]. The majority of passive observers showed decreased scores. These results warrant more devices be built and tested to engage the entire class in the hands-on collaborative experiment.
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Francisco, Alice Aparecida Rodrigues Ferreira, Jader Brito Ramos dos Santos, Otávio Augusto Soares Machado, João Luiz Lopes de Moura, and Karen Y. Wonders. "IMPLEMENTING AN EXERCISE ONCOLOGY PROGRAM FOR BREAST CANCER PATIENTS IN BRAZIL: THE MAPLE TREE CANCER ALLIANCE EXPERIENCE." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1045.
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Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) has already been extensively studied in the field of exercise oncology, with a 300% growth rate for publications in the past 12 years, after the American Society for Sports Medicine published the first roundtable for exercise in cancer survivors. However, even with numerous studies demonstrating effectiveness, there is a lack of information for health-care professionals, including breast surgeons and clinical oncologists, and also for patients and caregivers. Despite this, specialized programs and exercise professionals trained to support this population are rare, and it is not different in Brazil. Maple Tree Cancer Alliance (MTCA) is a nonprofit organization working with cancer patients since 2011 in the United States. In 2019, an international process was started, and the first unit outside the United States started operating in 2020 in Brazil. The exercise protocol developed by the MTCA includes resistance training and aerobic modalities, prescribed in a phase system, according to the kind of treatment the person is doing for cancer, and also according to cardiovascular fitness and previous experiences. Patients were followed for a period of 12–48 weeks, and assessments were done before starting, every 12 weeks. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the first-year experience for MTCA in Brazil, until December 2021. Methods: Every patient starting the MTCA program performs an initial assessment, to get information about the disease, treatment, cardiovascular fitness, and corporal measures. The assessments are repeated in a 12-week interval. Parameters like weight, body mass index (BMI), body weight (with bioimpedance), muscle strength, flexibility, cardiovascular fitness, and postural evaluation are scored and compared with previous analysis during the patient’s participation. Results: During the first year of operating in Brazil, the MTCA performed 107 physical assessments. Of these, 86 were BC patients, either during (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormone therapy) or post-treatment (80.37%). In all, 20 patients did not continue the exercise program (23.25%), and there were 2 deaths (2.32% — all patients in this group started the program as metastatic BC). The mean age was 50.69 years old (26– 79 years old). We observed in the BC patients, as reported in the literature, higher rates of overweight and obesity: mean BMI was 28.57 kg/m2 (ranging from 19.1 to 47 kg/m2 ). Overweight and obese patients correspond to 75.6% according to the first assessment measure. Comparing initial assessment and the first reassessment, 40 patients have completed the first phase of MTCA training, 45% lost weight, 47.5% gained, and 7.5% were stable. The mean weight gain was 3.49 kg and the mean weight loss was 1.9 kg. Treatment phase was not considered in this observation. We also observed some resistance for health-care professionals in authorizing the participation in exercise for metastatic patients. It is important to score that the same benefits are seen in this group of patients, especially with regard to treatment side effects, and we already have a recently published guideline for exercise in bone metastasis scenery. Conclusion: Many challenges were faced in the first-year experience for MTCA in Brazil. Despite legal bureaucracy, engaging patients, clinicians, and breast surgeons in exercise oncology is certainly difficult, especially for metastatic patients. We could observe a high rate of BC patients and survivors in overweight and obesity, and with resistance to nutritional education and to change their life habits. It is important that health-care professionals encourage their patients to participate in exercise protocols, but also in nutritional education. Patient reports are unanimous for a better quality of life and less side effects after engaging in the exercise program. As an ongoing work, we hope to decrease the dropout rate and improve weight loss and also deliver the standard exercise program from MTCA to other cities in Brazil.
Reports on the topic "Grief or loss group program"
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Dry Specimens (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/vsjs5869.
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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measures and documents seismic performance of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Three primary tasks support the earthquake loss-modeling effort. They are: (1) the development of ground motions and loading protocols that accurately represent the diversity of seismic hazard in California; (2) the execution of a suite of quasi-static cyclic experiments to measure and document the performance of cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies to develop and populate loss models; and (3) nonlinear response history analysis on cripple wall-supported buildings and their components. This report is a product of Working Group 4: Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls. This present report focuses on non-stucco or “dry” exterior finishes. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present report involves two of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at University of California San Diego (UC San Diego). Details representative of era-specific construction–specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction–are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish style, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses all eight specimens in the second phase of testing and three of the six specimens in the fourth phase of testing. Although conducted in different testing phases, their results are combined here to co-locate observations regarding the behavior of all dry finished specimens. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto eleven cripple walls. Each specimen was 12 ft in length and 2-ft or 6-ft in height. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions on the top, bottom, and corners of the walls. Parameters addressed in this report include: dry exterior finish type (shiplap horizontal lumber siding, shiplap horizontal lumber siding over diagonal lumber sheathing, and T1-11 wood structural panels), cripple wall height, vertical load, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol (including instrumentation), and measured as well as physical observations are summarized. Results from these experiments are intended to support advancement of numerical modeling tools, which ultimately will inform seismic loss models capable of quantifying the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100 Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens I (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/dqhf2112.
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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4: Testing and focuses on the first phase of an experimental investigation to study the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls with sill anchorage. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves the first of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the UC San Diego. Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish materials, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the first phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens. Phase 1 including quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load testing of six 12-ft-long, 2-ft high cripple walls. All specimens in this phase were finished on their exterior with stucco over horizontal sheathing (referred to as a “wet” finish), a finish noted to be common of dwellings built in California before 1945. Parameters addressed in this first phase include: boundary conditions on the top, bottom, and corners of the walls, attachment of the sill to the foundation, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. In addition, this report discusses the rationale and scope of subsequent small-component test phases. Companion reports present these test phases considering, amongst other variables, the impacts of dry finishes and cripple wall height (Phases 2–4). Results from these experiments are intended to provide an experimental basis to support numerical modeling used to develop loss models, which are intended to quantify the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100, Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component - Test Program: Comparisons (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/lohh5109.
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This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER) and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4 (WG4): Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofit and existing cripple walls. Amongst the body of reports from WG4, in the present report, a suite of four small cripple wall test phases, in total 28 specimens, are cross compared with varied exterior finishes, namely stucco (wet) and non-stucco (dry) exterior finishes. Details representative of era specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction are of predominant focus in the present effort. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto cripple walls of 12 ft in length and 2 ft or 6 ft in height. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions and tested with the same vertical load. Parameters addressed in this report include: wet exterior finishes (stucco over framing, stucco over horizontal lumber sheathing, and stucco over diagonal lumber sheathing); and dry exterior finishes (horizontal siding, horizontal siding over diagonal sheathing, and T1-11 wood structural panels) with attention towards cripple wall height and the retrofit condition. The present report provides only a brief overview of the test program and setup; whereas a series of three prior reports present results of test groupings nominally by exterior finish type (wet versus dry). As such, herein the focus is to cross compare key measurements and observations of the in-plane seismic behavior of all 28 specimens.
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Schiller, Brandon, Tara Hutchinson, and Kelly Cobeen. Cripple Wall Small-Component Test Program: Wet Specimens II (PEER-CEA Project). Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ldbn4070.
Full textAbstract:
This report is one of a series of reports documenting the methods and findings of a multi-year, multi-disciplinary project coordinated by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER and funded by the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The overall project is titled “Quantifying the Performance of Retrofit of Cripple Walls and Sill Anchorage in Single-Family Wood-Frame Buildings,” henceforth referred to as the “PEER–CEA Project.” The overall objective of the PEER–CEA Project is to provide scientifically based information (e.g., testing, analysis, and resulting loss models) that measure and assess the effectiveness of seismic retrofit to reduce the risk of damage and associated losses (repair costs) of wood-frame houses with cripple wall and sill anchorage deficiencies as well as retrofitted conditions that address those deficiencies. Tasks that support and inform the loss-modeling effort are: (1) collecting and summarizing existing information and results of previous research on the performance of wood-frame houses; (2) identifying construction features to characterize alternative variants of wood-frame houses; (3) characterizing earthquake hazard and ground motions at representative sites in California; (4) developing cyclic loading protocols and conducting laboratory tests of cripple wall panels, wood-frame wall subassemblies, and sill anchorages to measure and document their response (strength and stiffness) under cyclic loading; and (5) the computer modeling, simulations, and the development of loss models as informed by a workshop with claims adjustors. This report is a product of Working Group 4 (WG4): Testing, whose central focus was to experimentally investigate the seismic performance of retrofitted and existing cripple walls. This report focuses stucco or “wet” exterior finishes. Paralleled by a large-component test program conducted at the University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) [Cobeen et al. 2020], the present study involves two of multiple phases of small-component tests conducted at the University of California San Diego (UC San Diego). Details representative of era-specific construction, specifically the most vulnerable pre-1960s construction, are of predominant focus in the present effort. Parameters examined are cripple wall height, finish style, gravity load, boundary conditions, anchorage, and deterioration. This report addresses the third phase of testing, which consisted of eight specimens, as well as half of the fourth phase of testing, which consisted of six specimens where three will be discussed. Although conducted in different phases, their results are combined here to co-locate observations regarding the behavior of the second phase the wet (stucco) finished specimens. The results of first phase of wet specimen tests were presented in Schiller et al. [2020(a)]. Experiments involved imposition of combined vertical loading and quasi-static reversed cyclic lateral load onto ten cripple walls of 12 ft long and 2 or 6 ft high. One cripple wall was tested with a monotonic loading protocol. All specimens in this report were constructed with the same boundary conditions on the top and corners of the walls as well as being tested with the same vertical load. Parameters addressed in this report include: wet exterior finishes (stucco over framing, stucco over horizontal lumber sheathing, and stucco over diagonal lumber sheathing), cripple wall height, loading protocol, anchorage condition, boundary condition at the bottom of the walls, and the retrofitted condition. Details of the test specimens, testing protocol, including instrumentation; and measured as well as physical observations are summarized in this report. Companion reports present phases of the tests considering, amongst other variables, impacts of various boundary conditions, stucco (wet) and non-stucco (dry) finishes, vertical load, cripple wall height, and anchorage condition. Results from these experiments are intended to support advancement of numerical modeling tools, which ultimately will inform seismic loss models capable of quantifying the reduction of loss achieved by applying state-of-practice retrofit methods as identified in FEMA P-1100,Vulnerability-Base Seismic Assessment and Retrofit of One- and Two-Family Dwellings.
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Abufhele, Alejandra, David Bravo, Florencia Lopez-Boo, and Pamela Soto-Ramirez. Developmental losses in young children from pre-primary program closures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003920.
Full textAbstract:
The learning and developmental losses from pre-primary program closures due to COVID-19 may be unprecedented. These disruptions early in life, when the brain is more sensitive to environmental changes, can be long-lasting. Although there is evidence about the effects of school closures on older children, there is currently no evidence on such losses for children in their early years. This paper is among the first to quantify the actual impact of pandemic-related closures on child development, in this case for a sample of young children in Chile, where school and childcare closures lasted for about a year. We use a unique dataset collected face-to-face in December 2020, which includes child development indicators for general development, language development, social-emotional development, and executive function. We are able to use a first difference strategy because Chile has a history of collecting longitudinal data on children as part of their national social policies monitoring strategy. This allows us to construct a valid comparison group from the 2017 longitudinal data. We find adverse impacts on children in 2020 compared to children interviewed in 2017 in most development areas. In particular, nine months after the start of the pandemic, we find a loss in language development of 0.25 SDs. This is equivalent to the impact on a childs language development of having a mother with approximately five years less education. Timely policies are needed to mitigate these enormous losses.
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Zimmerman, Ephraim, and Staphanie Perles. Vegetation monitoring in relation to white-tailed deer browsing in First State National Historical Park: 2021 summary report. National Park Service, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2299655.
Full textAbstract:
Baseline information on canopy regeneration and plant community composition is needed in order to better understand white-tailed deer browsing impacts at First State National Historical Park (FRST). In 2021, the Pennsylvania Natural Heritage Program (PNHP) established 20 permanent vegetation monitoring plots following methods developed by the NPS Eastern Rivers and Mountains Network (ERMN) to assess and monitor trends in vegetation (Perles et al. 2014b; Perles et al. 2017). These protocols provided an efficient method of assessing the current status of native and non-native vegetation and deer browsing impact. This report documents the methodology used to quantify the vegetative composition of natural areas at FRST and provides a summary of the data collected in the first year of monitoring. This first year’s activities (2021) included the initial baseline vegetation assessment and summary of results from the baseline data analysis. A variety of metrics used to assess the impact of deer browsing on the vegetation were calculated and are presented. A second survey is proposed for 2024. PNHP used the NPS ERMN database and analysis methods (Perles et al. 2014b) to summarize the condition in year 1 (2021). In year 4 (2024), PNHP will investigate changes in the condition of browse-sensitive understory plants and tree seedlings. Plots occurred in a variety of settings, ranging from younger successional communities to more mature forest stands. Seventy-five percent (75%) of the plots occurred in Mature or Late Successional forests. Disturbances and stressors, such as deer browsing can strongly influence future forest structure as open woodlands mature. A large population of white-tailed deer may severely impact succession from the open woodlands towards closed canopy forest. In closed canopy, later successional forests, a large deer population may inhibit canopy tree recruitment leading to regeneration failure. Given that FRST managers desire to maintain the landscape as forest, it is important to maintain an adequate number of seedlings and saplings of tree species to ensure the persistence of canopy of native tree species as Mature and Late Successional Forests continue to age. The 20 permanent sampling plots occurred within 5 plant communities described by Ebert (2016) and were classified using agglomerative hierarchical clustering (HAC analysis) and indicator species analysis. The most common plant communities within the group of sampling plots were the Mixed oak – beech forest and Mesic mixed tulip – oak-hickory-beech forest. The remaining plots were found in successional Tuliptree woodland, Successional woodland, and Thicket types. All plots were assigned to these types described in Ebert (2016) and crosswalked to the National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). A total of 128 plant species were recorded from the 20 plots at FRST. Eighteen (18) species were found in over ½ of the plots surveyed, of which eight (8) were non-native. In all, 29 plants occurring in the plots (23% of total species richness) were considered introduced (non-native). Non-native plant cover ranged from 0–98% as measured in the monitoring plot quadrats. Indicators of deer browsing varied by plant community type at FRST. In general, the drier Mixed oak – beech forests showed substantially greater impact of deer browsing and fewer seedlings of canopy species in the understory. FRST monitoring protocols focus on a few plant species considered as preferred food for white-tailed deer. Sustained browsing may be affecting long-term viability of these species within the parks. Based on the status of these regeneration metrics in FRST, we suggest that the forest in FRST are in imminent regeneration failure. We define imminent failure as parks that are experiencing severe regeneration failure and are at risk of forest loss due to very low seedling and sapling abundance, as well as species mismatches between canopy and regeneration layers. Given the poor regeneration of canopy species across all community types at FRST, managers should seek opportunities to conduct adaptive management in the park’s forests, especially mixed oak – beech forest, to experiment with and monitor the effects of fire, browse exclosures, and canopy thinning to encourage native canopy tree regeneration.