Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grid impact

Academic literature on the topic 'Grid impact'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Grid impact"

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PÁL, Daniel, Ľubomír BEŇA, and Maksym OLIINYK. "THE IMPACT OF ELECTRIC VEHICLES ON SMART GRID." Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 1335-8243, no. 1338-3957 (June 9, 2021): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2021-0006.

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This publication examines the impact of electric vehicles on the grid. Electric cars are becoming more and more popular in the world. The annual sales quantity of electric cars in the world has an upward trajectory which has some serious implications on the electric grid as well. Both passenger and freight transport are being influenced by this current trend. In addition to various methods of transport, electric cars have the potential to transform traditional grids into smart ones. The primary objective of this study is to examine to what extent the voltage at the nodes changes when electric cars are connected to the network and also sets out to provide us with some overview of the effects on active power loss in the network.
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Zhao, Yi, Li Liu, and Wen Yao Sun. "A Study on the Impact of Microgrid Stability Containing Distributed Power." Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (March 2013): 865–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.865.

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The grid is one of the most important ways of distributed power generation.Micro-grid existence provides a new approach to solve the contradiction between the large power grids and distributed power.This paper studies the stability of Micro-grid contained DG. It establishes the simulation model of typical Micro-grid and studied the impact of transient stability in micro-grid by different fault types and different fault points. Look for the general rules of Micro-grid stability impact by different control mode and different disturbance. Dynamic response curve of Voltage and frequency in micro-grid is reached .Analysis of simulation results, this paper gets the general rule on the effect of stability of Micro-grid.
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Huang, Liang, Chao Wu, Dao Zhou, and Frede Blaabjerg. "Impact of Grid Strength and Impedance Characteristics on the Maximum Power Transfer Capability of Grid-Connected Inverters." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (May 10, 2021): 4288. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094288.

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Continuously expanding deployments of distributed power generation systems are transforming conventional centralized power grids into mixed distributed electrical networks. The higher penetration and longer distance from the renewable energy source to the main power grid result in lower grid strength, which stimulates the power limitation problem. Aimed at this problem, case studies of inductive and resistive grid impedance with different grid strengths have been carried out to evaluate the maximum power transfer capability of grid-connected inverters. It is revealed that power grids with a higher short circuit ratio (SCR) or lower resistance-inductance ratio (R/X) provide higher power transfer capability. Moreover, under the resistive grid conditions, a higher voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) is beneficial to increase the power transfer capability. Based on mathematical analysis, the maximum power curves in the inductive and resistive grids can be found. Moreover, a performance index is proposed in this paper to quantify the performance of the system with different parameter values. Finally, the effectiveness of the analysis is verified by simulation.
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Koroma, Mohamed, and Ibrahim Abdulai Sawaneh. "The Impact and Application of Smart Grid on Global Energy Delivery." Asian Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 3, no. 3 (October 4, 2020): 78–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/ajir20237.

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This paper presents a detailed survey of global energy delivery and smart grid approaches. Particularly in the sense that shows the impacts on the production of energy resources globally. How can energy losses be reduced, primarily by implementing smart grid approaches? Power transfers and reduction of energy sources can be made by smart grids with information technology (I.T) such as sensors digital meters and communication networks. Energy from photovoltaic and wind power are some of the energy delivery systems that have gained attention since they are cheap and environment-friendly and do not emit greenhouse gas. Presently available grid is insufficient to serve future systems. For this reason, an intelligent grid system is required to support future needs for society. This paper expounds on the impacts of the existing power delivery system and suggests a smart grid for global energy delivery on a better management system.
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Then, Daniel, Christian Spalthoff, Johannes Bauer, Tanja M. Kneiske, and Martin Braun. "Impact of Natural Gas Distribution Network Structure and Operator Strategies on Grid Economy in Face of Decreasing Demand." Energies 13, no. 3 (February 4, 2020): 664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030664.

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Currently, natural gas provides more than a third of the energy used in European residential buildings. As part of the general decline of fossil fuels, this gas consumption is predicted to drop in several countries by 25–100% by 2050. We model a decline in gas consumption in 57 urban German distribution grids looking for the influence of grid-specific factors and different distribution network operator (DNO) strategies on grid charges. We find a functional relationship between grid length and customer amount described by a power law, with an exponent correlated with structural grid parameters. The disordered structure inherent to grids typically results in a decline in grid costs much slower than the corresponding demand. We introduce a simplified yearly cash flow calculation model based on the power law and validate it against mixed integer linear optimization. A comparison of the total costs of operation and resulting grid charges for several scenarios and strategies estimates the effects on DNO business models. Depending on a combination of DNO’s strategy and customers’ exit pattern, grid charges may increase, accelerating the substitution of gas-bound technologies that might develop into a self-reinforcing feedback loop, leading to grid defection.
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Latõšov, Eduard, Ieva Pakere, Lina Murauskaite, and Anna Volkova. "Impact of Grid Gas Requirements on Hydrogen Blending Levels." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 688–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0052.

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Abstract The aim of the article is to determine what amount of hydrogen in %mol can be transferred/stored in the Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian grid gas networks, based on the limitations of chemical and physical requirements, technical requirements of the gas network, and quality requirements. The main characteristics for the analysis of mixtures of hydrogen and natural gas are the Wobbe Index, relative density, methane number, and calorific value. The calculation of the effects of hydrogen blending on the above main characteristics of a real grid gas is based on the principles described in ISO 6976:2016 and the distribution of the grid gas mole fraction components from the grid gas quality reports. The Wärtsila methane number calculator was used to illustrate the effects of hydrogen blending on the methane number of the grid gas. The calculation results show that the maximum hydrogen content in the grid gas (hydrogen and natural gas mix), depending on the grid gas quality parameters (methane number, gross heat of combustion, specific gravity, and the Wobbe Index), is in the range of 5–23 %mol H2. The minimum hydrogen content (5 %mol H2) is limited by specific gravity (>0.55). The next limitation is at 12 %mol H2 and is related to the gross heat of combustion (>9.69 kWh/m3). It is advisable to explore the readiness of gas grids and consumers in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania before switching to higher hydrogen blend levels. If the applicability and safety of hydrogen blends above 5 %mol is approved, then it is necessary to analyse the possible reduction of the minimum requirements for the quality of the grid gas and evaluate the associated risks (primarily related to specific gravity).
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Ding, Jianguo, Attia Qammar, Zhimin Zhang, Ahmad Karim, and Huansheng Ning. "Cyber Threats to Smart Grids: Review, Taxonomy, Potential Solutions, and Future Directions." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 17, 2022): 6799. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186799.

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Smart Grids (SGs) are governed by advanced computing, control technologies, and networking infrastructure. However, compromised cybersecurity of the smart grid not only affects the security of existing energy systems but also directly impacts national security. The increasing number of cyberattacks against the smart grid urgently necessitates more robust security protection technologies to maintain the security of the grid system and its operations. The purpose of this review paper is to provide a thorough understanding of the incumbent cyberattacks’ influence on the entire smart grid ecosystem. In this paper, we review the various threats in the smart grid, which have two core domains: the intrinsic vulnerability of the system and the external cyberattacks. Similarly, we analyze the vulnerabilities of all components of the smart grid (hardware, software, and data communication), data management, services and applications, running environment, and evolving and complex smart grids. A structured smart grid architecture and global smart grid cyberattacks with their impact from 2010 to July 2022 are presented. Then, we investigated the the thematic taxonomy of cyberattacks on smart grids to highlight the attack strategies, consequences, and related studies analyzed. In addition, potential cybersecurity solutions to smart grids are explained in the context of the implementation of blockchain and Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques. Finally, technical future directions based on the analysis are provided against cyberattacks on SGs.
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Barbato, Alessio, Clara Iacovano, and Francesco Cicci. "Impact of Grid Density on the Analysis of the In-Cylinder Flow of an Optical Engine." E3S Web of Conferences 197 (2020): 06018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019706018.

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The evaluation of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) flows by 3D-CFD strongly depends on a combination of mutually interacting factors, among which grid resolution, closure model, numerics. A careful choice should be made in order to limit the extremely high computational cost and numerical problems arising from the combination of refined grids, high-order numeric schemes and complex geometries typical of ICEs. The paper focuses on the comparison between different grid strategies: in particular, attention is focused firstly on near-wall grid through the comparison between multi-layer and single-layer grids, and secondly on core grid density. The performance of each grid strategy is assessed in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. A detailed comparison is presented against PIV flow measurements of the Spray Guided Darmstadt Engine available at the Darmstadt University of Technology. As many research groups are simultaneously working on the Darmstadt engine using different CFD codes and meshing approaches, it constitutes a perfect environment for both method validation and scientific cooperation. A motored engine condition is chosen and the flow evolution throughout the engine cycle is evaluated on two different section planes. Pros and cons of each grid strategy are highlighted and motivated.
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Clement-Nyns, Kristien, Edwin Haesen, and Johan Driesen. "The impact of vehicle-to-grid on the distribution grid." Electric Power Systems Research 81, no. 1 (January 2011): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2010.08.007.

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Held, Lukas, Alexandra Märtz, Dominik Krohn, Jonas Wirth, Martin Zimmerlin, Michael R. Suriyah, Thomas Leibfried, Patrick Jochem, and Wolf Fichtner. "The Influence of Electric Vehicle Charging on Low Voltage Grids with Characteristics Typical for Germany." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (December 10, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040088.

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The increasing number of electric vehicles poses new challenges to the power grid. Their charging process stresses the power system, as additional energy has to be supplied, especially during peak load periods. This additional load can result in critical network situations depending on various parameters. These impacts may vary based on market penetration, the energy demand, the plug-in time, the charging rate, and the grid topology and the associated operational equipment. Hence, the impact of electric vehicles (EVs) on the power grid was analysed for twelve typical German low voltage grids by applying power flow calculations. One main result was that thermal and voltage-related network overloads were highly dependent on market penetration and grid topology.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grid impact"

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Azcarate, Lara Francisco Javier. "Dualmode transportation - impact on the electric grid." Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/85823.

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Continual increase in transport demand and uneven road capacity results in chaotic traffic congestion, brings with it high levels of air pollution, an elevated number of accidents, and an insatiable demand for oil to satisfy the motorized vehicles on roads. The dualmode transportation system is a transformational solution to address all of these problems simultaneously. This project will quantify the amount of energy needed to electrify a portion of the actual ground transportation (personal vehicle and freight) in a specific electric region grid and analyze the impact that it represents. A model that gives a close approximation of the electric energy demand that would be generated by converting existing traffic data into electricity demand was developed. This model allows for sensitivity testing of all conversion factors, data variation and variations in the different types of propulsion technology that may be used in the new system. Results show that inclusion of the new transportation system into the electric grid of Texas will not require significantly more energy than the current available resource.
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Odnegård, Joakim. "Fault Impact Mitigation in Grid Connected Converters." Thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-107494.

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The present thesis deals with fault impact mitigation in grid connected converters used for High Voltage Direct Current transmission. Certain critical fault cases require additional obstructing protection actions to ease the impact on the converter valves. DC sided faults drives high fault currents through the converters. Single phase to ground faults at the converter AC bus results in overvoltages across the converter valve arms. The phenomenon of these faults are described both for symmetric and asymmetric configurations. Different available solutions are explained and evaluated. Simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC show the impact of the protection measures. A three phase short circuit introduced on the tertiary winding of the transformer is an effective temporary measure against the destructive fault cases. It is shown in this report that a tertiary shortcircuit will greatly reduce the overvoltages after converter bus faults and redirect a large part of the fault currents after DC faults. With the lower voltage on the tertiary winding, it is a suitable connection point for short circuit devices.
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Engdahl, Annelie. "How grid connected solar cells impact on the low voltage grid of Duckarp." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33952.

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To limit the ongoing climate change and to meet the UN target for an increased temperature of maximum 2 degrees, governments worldwide strive for sustainable and fossil free power generation. Hence, Photovoltaic Solar Cells (PVs) are of great interest. The potential from sun is infinite; the annual solar radiation corresponds to 6.000 times the human energy demand (IEA, 2011). In Sweden, the power generation from sun is 0.6 ‰ (Swedenergy, 2016). It is a very small, but strongly growing, share. In the municipality of Kristianstad, south of Sweden, the vision of power generation from sun is clear: by 2040, 5 % of the electricity consumption in the area is to come from PVs (Kristianstad kommun, 2016). Along with an increased interest from subscribers, more grid connected PVs are to be expected. An increased share of grid-connected PVs, influences the power grid. The power quality must comply with legal requirements and maintain a certain voltage. This might be a problem in rural power grids where the distances are far; the grid is getting weaker and the voltage deviation grows. Never the less, the law requires the concession holder to compensate the subscriber in relation to the decreased losses in the grid. With power generation closer to the subscriber, the distances are shorter and the grid losses is decreased. Mellersta Skånes Kraft (MSK) is a power distribution company located in Scania, south of Sweden. In the feeding 6 kV grid, a major part of the conductors are over-head lines, meaning a lot of interruptions caused by stormy weather and fallen trees. Hence, MSK is planning for isolated conductors to decrease the number of interruptions.  At present, MSK have a few, sporadically placed, grid connected PVs and the power generation of today, regarding power quality, is not a problem. However, MSK sees an increased interest in PVs and more power generation the next few years are to be expected. The question is, how several grid-connected PVs will impact the power grid. In this dissertation, the rural low voltage grid of Duckarp, Kristianstad municipality, has been studied. The grid is connected to the very last transformer in a radial grid. Two cases have been modulated: one with existing PVs of today, and one with PVs at all subscribers connected to the transformer T-640, Duckarp. As the feeding 6 kV grid is to be rebuilt, the study included the choice of cable cross section area in the 6 kV grid as well. The study included grid strength, voltage deviation, load in cables and transformer, and grid losses including compensation to subscriber.   The study shows, that with present PVs and with the condition that a tap changing transformer is used, the grid is strong and capable of keeping the voltage required. Due to voltage deviation, more grid connected PVs make the grid weaker and require higher cable cross section areas on the feeding 6 kV grid. The load is not a problem, but still there is a risk of a high proportion of harmonics in the neutral and in the transformer. This, due to the low voltage grid being located in the weakest part of the grid. The reduced losses, due to local power generation, corresponds to a compensation to subscriber of 0.02 SEK/kWh. Building strong power grids is expensive and alternative solutions, so-called smart grids, are of interest; Line Voltage Regulator (LVR), reactive power generation in the inverter, battery storage, or load regulations to mention some. But when there is an ongoing reconstruction of the grid, as in the case studied, it is appropriate to build a strong power grid to meet a future expansion of grid-connected PVs.
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Jimenez, Arismendi Eduardo A. "The impact of grid geometry on displacement calculations." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1102.

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Reservoir simulation models are becoming increasingly sophisticated in tandem with the rapid development of geological modeling methods. Widely used commercial simulators usually model flow through heavily faulted and structurally complex geometries with the flexibility provided by corner-point geometry. However, the nonorthogonality component present within these frameworks may compromise the solution accuracy of the model and the subsequent operational decisions involved. We propose a systematic methodology to evaluate the impact of complex gridding introducing a new streamline formulation for corner-point geometry. Based on a new time-like variable, the new formulation provides a significantly simpler and more robust development to handle the complexity in structurally demanding and faulted systems. It retains the simplicity and speed of streamline-based flow models and provides an efficient way to visualize nonorthogonal effects. Applied to various geometries showing challenging features of geology and flow, the displacement fronts obtained from streamline-derived analytic calculation identified the discrepancies characteristic between known solutions and results from two widely used commercial simulators.
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Felix, Isbi. "Dynamic analysis of the impact of grid connection of "La Higuera" hydropower plant to the transmission grid." Thesis, KTH, Elektriska energisystem, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118929.

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Studies regarding the development of a new hydropower plant exploiting the water resources offered by the upper Tinguiririca river, located about 150 km south-east of the capital Santiago in Chile, has been done by Pacific Hydro Ltd from Australia and Lahmeyer International from Germany. These studies have resulted in proposals to construct two Hydropower Stations, �La Higuera� and �Confluencia�. Both hydropower stations will have a total installed capacity of 300 MW. When setting up a new hydropower plant, it is important to foresee how the hydropower plant would affect the existing transmission grid in different situations during operation as well as how events in the grid may affect the La Higuera and/or Confluencia hydropower stations. In this report three kind of analysis are highlighted, which are static analysis, large signal stability and rotor angle stability. To perform these analyses a simulation tool named DigSilent is used. DigSilent is used to perform these analyses in a simulated network of the studied transmission system. These two hydropower stations as shown in the results will improve the existing transmission system by enhancing the stability margins in the presence of a fault. When performing the simulation of the existing transmission system with the newly installed hydropower plant we could see that it had a poor damping after a disturbance; this might be due to the large distance between production plants and the existing loads. This phenomenon can be alleviated if a power system stabilizer (PSS) is integrated in the hydropower plant. The final conclusion is that the integration of the two hydropower plants will improve the existing transmission system in Chile.
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Wagner, Thibaut. "Impact of remote controlled switches on distribution grid recovering processeas." Thesis, KTH, Elektriska energisystem, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-119572.

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Remote controlled switches (RCS) are used to enhance the recovering process of distribution grids. Commonly installed on MV-lines to sectionize feeders, they are a cheap and efficient way to improve the B criterion as well as the incident localisation speed. This document explains and models the impact of Remote controlled equipment on B criterion and reactivity depending on grid structure and organisation (II and III). This model is then used to define an optimal remote controlled switcher number per feeder on each specific area (V). It leads to two main results: French territory is not homogeneously equipped and a lot of areas need a strong RCS policy. RCS efficiency on distributor performance is also proved to be high even for well-equipped areas.
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Sambasivan, Shiv Kumar. "A sharp interface Cartesian grid hydrocode." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/593.

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Dynamic response of materials to high-speed and high-intensity loading conditions is important in several applications including high-speed flows with droplets, bubbles and particles, and hyper-velocity impact and penetration processes. In such high-pressure physics problems, simulations encounter challenges associated with the treatment of material interfaces, particularly when strong nonlinear waves like shock and detonation waves impinge upon them. To simulate such complicated interfacial dynamics problems, a fixed Cartesian grid approach in conjunction with levelset interface tracking is attractive. In this regard, a sharp interface Cartesian grid-based, Ghost Fluid Method (GFM) is developed for resolving embedded fluid, elasto-plastic solid and rigid (solid) objects in hyper-velocity impact and high-intensity shock loaded environment. The embedded boundaries are tracked and represented by virtue of the level set interface tracking technique. The evolving multi-material interface and the flow are coupled by meticulously enforcing the boundary conditions and jump relations at the interface. In addition, a tree-based Local Mesh Refinement scheme is employed to efficiently resolve the desired physics. The framework developed is generic and is applicable to interfaces separating a wide range of materials and for a broad spectrum of speeds of interaction (O(km/s)). The wide repertoire of problems solved in this work demonstrates the flexibility, stability and robustness of the method in accurately capturing the dynamics of the embedded interface. Shocks interacting with large ensembles of particles are also computed.
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Lorenzo, Kevin. "Harmonics propagation and impact of Electric Vehicles on the electrical grid." Thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-153678.

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This thesis addresses the issues of (inter)harmonics propagation on electrical grids. More specifically it concerns two different kinds of studies. The first one is the harmonic impact of the integration of new technologies such as Electric Vehicle charging parks which generate harmonic voltages. The second one is the propagation on these grids of communication signals such as the pricing signal. These two kinds of voltages behave a priori the same way since they are superimposed to the fundamental feeding voltage, with a higher frequency. However, their main structural difference is that, while harmonic voltages generated by electric cars are unwanted on electrical grid, the pricing signal is intended at certain points of the grid. For the first kind of studies, concerning harmonics generated by Electric Vehicles, the aim of this project was to determine the problems that may appear on electrical grids when electric car parks are connected thereto. To do so, laboratory measurements on several Electric Vehicle models, separately or simultaneously, were performed. From their results, different models of EVs have been drawn up enabling to perform simulations on an existing car park. Some measurements were then carried out on this car park in order to conclude on its impact on the Power Quality of the grid. The second study is about the pricing signal propagation. It focuses on different ways of modeling grid components, especially loads, in simulation tools at the specific frequency of this signal. For Medium Voltage grids, several load models can be found in the literature and are compared in this report. For Low Voltage grids, a model based on the results of recent measurements is suggested in the report.
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GUSTAFSSON, EMIL, and FREDRIK NORDSTRÖM. "Impact of electric vehicle charging on thedistribution grid in Uppsala 2030." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-211708.

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Planning of distribution grids is based on statistically estimating the maximum load that will occur given a certain range of criteria (location, household types, district / electric heating etc.) Charging of electric vehicles is not one of these criteria. However, given the expected `boom' in sales of Chargeable Electric Vehicles (CEVs), and the lengthy planning process of distribution grids (>10 years) the knowledge gap is becoming a more pressing issue. This research has been conducted to investigate if Vattenfall, a Swedish electric utility company with distribution assets in both Sweden and Germany, needs to take action to react to the expected increase in CEVs in the near term. The study has been conducted with Uppsala Municipality as a showcase and 2030 as the time frame. The findings of this study show that Vattenfall should incorporate CEV usage into distribution planning to avoid overload of power stations in Uppsala by 2030. The ndings shows that 1) we can expect a 'boom' in sales of CEVs in the near future and that 73% of cars in trac in Uppsala may be CEVs by 2030 and 2) that CEV charging is expected to have a signi- cant impact on the distribution grid, with certain power stations in Uppsala seeing a peak load increase of up to 30%. The recommended actions are the following: • Monitor specific areas with a high concentration of cars and low energy consumption per household that already have substations with capacity below the recommended dimensions • Monitor CEV sales to reevaluate current projections on CEV development in Uppsala • Monitor trends of car ownership and evaluate whether this will aect CEV charging behaviour • Reconstruct Velander constants, used for grid planning, to take the CEV load into consideration • Investigate smart charging solutions, to shift the CEV load peak to a different time of the day
Dimensionering av distributionsnat baseras pa att statistiskt uppskatta den maximala lasten som kommer att intraa pa natet, givet olika faktorer (geograskt lage, hushallstyp, fjarrvarme / elvarme etc.). Laddning av elbilar ar inte en av de faktorer som man tar hansyn till. Givet en vantat kraftig okning av laddningsbara bilar, samt den langa planeringshorisonten for distributionsn at (>10 ar), blir dock fragan hur elbilar kommer att paverka elnatet valdigt aktuell. Denna studie har bedrivits for att avgora hur Vattenfall, ett statligt, svenskt elbolag med distributionsnat i Sverige och Tyskland, behover agera for att anpassa sig till den forvantade okningen av elbilar. Den har studien har genomforts som en fallstudie pa Uppsala Kommun med ar 2030 som tidsram. Resultaten fran studien visar att Vattenfall bor ta hansyn till laddning av elbilar vid dimensionering av distributionsnat for att undvika overbelastning pa natstationer i Uppsala ar 2030. Resultaten visar dels att 1) man kan forvanta sig en kraftig okning av forsaljning av laddningsbara fordon inom en snar framtid och uppemot 73 % av alla bilar i trak i Uppsala kommer att vara laddningsbaraar 2030 samt att 2) laddningsbara fordon kommer att ha en signikant paverkan pa distributionsnatet med okningar pa upp till 30 % av maxlasten for vissa natstationer. Foljande atgarder rekommenderas saledes: • Overvaka specika omraden med hog biltathet och lag energianvandning per hushall som ar anslutna till natstationer som ar underdimensionerade • Folj utvecklingen av forsaljning av laddbara fordon for att omvardera genom forda projektioner over laddningsbara bilar i Uppsala • Overvaka trender inom bilagande och utvardera hur detta paverkar laddningsbeteende • Gor om Velanderkonstanter sa att de tar hansyn till lasten fran laddbara fordon vid planering av elnat •  Utvardera smarta laddningslosningar for att ytta last fran elbilsladdning till en annan tidpunkt pa dygnet
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Mattaparthi, Sai Venkata Akshay. "The Impact of Hexagonal grid on thePrincipal Component of Natural Images." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17236.

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The visual processing in the real world is different from the digital world. Monkey’s and a human’s visual world is richer and more colourful affording sight of flies, regardless of whether they are immobile or airborne. The study of the evolutionary process of our visual system indicates the existence of variationally spatial arrangement; from densely hexagonal in the fovea to a sparse circular structure in the peripheral retina. Normally we use a rectangular grid for the processing of images. But as per the perspective of the human eyes, the new approach is to change the grid from rectangular to hexagonal. Applying hexagonal grid in image processing is very advantageous and easy for mimicking human visual system. The main advantages for using the hexagonal structure in image processing is its resemblance to the arrangement of photoreceptors in the human eyes. The visual processing in the real world is different from the digital world. Monkey’s and a human’s visual world is richer and more colourful affording sight of flies, regardless of whether they are immobile or airborne. The study of the evolutionary process of our visual system indicates the existence of variationally spatial arrangement; from densely hexagonal in the fovea to a sparse circular structure in the peripheral retina. Normally we use a rectangular grid for the processing of images. But as per the perspective of the human eyes, the new approach is to change the grid from rectangular to hexagonal. Applying hexagonal grid in image processing is very advantageous and easy for mimicking human visual system. The main advantages for using the hexagonal structure in image processing is its resemblance to the arrangement of photoreceptors in the human eyes.
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Books on the topic "Grid impact"

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Vittal, Vijay. Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6.

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Tegehall, P. E. Impact of cracking beneath solder pads in printed board laminate on reliability of solder joints to ceramic ball grid array packages. Noordwijk: ESA Publications Division, 2003.

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Harned, Douglas S. Extending the semi-impact MHD method: grid-point models and improved accuracy. New York: Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University, 1986.

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Tegehall, P. E. Impact of reworking ceramic area array packages on the integrity of the printed board laminate. Noordwijk, The Netherlands: ESA Publications Division, ESTEC, 2005.

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Davidson, Ann. The impact of the 'National Grid for Learning' on learning and teaching in Perth and Kinross. Edinburgh: Napier University, 1999.

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Ahmed, Vaqar. Impact on HRD on foreign remittances in South Asia: Global research insight for development (GRID) Islamabad-Pakistan. Islamabad: SAARC Human Resource Development Centre, 2014.

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Ann, Davidson. The impact of the 'National Grid for Learning' on learning and teaching in Perth and Kinross: [appendices]. Edinburgh: Napier University, 1999.

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Masiello, Ralph. Research evaluation of wind generation, solar generation, and storage impact on the California grid: PIER final project report. Sacramento, Calif.]: California Energy Commission, 2010.

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Singer, P. G. The impact of the process of privatisation on the role and functions of the corporate personnel department: A case study of National Grid Company. [s.l.]: typescript, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grid impact"

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Sharma, Harpreet, and Sachin Mishra. "Impact of solar grid-based virtual power plant on grid flexibility." In Intelligent Circuits and Systems, 92–97. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003129103-16.

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Carballo, Juan-Antonio, and Sani R. Nassif. "Impact of Technology in Power-Grid-Induced Noise." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 45–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45716-x_5.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Power Converter Topologies for Grid Interface of Wind Energy." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 55–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_3.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Introduction." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 1–17. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_1.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Power Electronic Concepts." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 19–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_2.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Control of Wind Generators." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 65–97. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_4.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Dynamic Models for Wind Generators." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 99–113. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_5.

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Vittal, Vijay, and Raja Ayyanar. "Impact of Increased Penetration of DFIG Wind Generators on System Dynamic Performance." In Grid Integration and Dynamic Impact of Wind Energy, 115–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9323-6_6.

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Li, Zerong, Lei Han, Dejing Che, and Qingxia Wang. "Impact of Rail Transit System on Grid Power Quality." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 223–30. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7986-3_23.

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Freitag, Stefan. "Impact of Advanced Virtualization Technologies on Grid Computing Centres." In Managed Grids and Cloud Systems in the Asia-Pacific Research Community, 251–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6469-4_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grid impact"

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Ponciano, Lesandro, and Francisco Brasileiro. "On the impact of energy-saving strategies in opportunistic grids." In 2010 11th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (GRID). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/grid.2010.5698003.

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Wang, Ping, Wei Huang, and Carlos A. Varela. "Impact of virtual machine granularity on cloud computing workloads performance." In 2010 11th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (GRID). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/grid.2010.5698018.

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Adelin, Arnaud, Philippe Owezarski, and Thierry Gayraud. "On the impact of monitoring router energy consumption for greening the Internet." In 2010 11th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Grid Computing (GRID). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/grid.2010.5697988.

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Lu, Charlie Tsung-hsing. "Review on the Ball Drop-off Mechanisms of Lead-free Ball Grid Array Package." In Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/impact.2008.4783838.

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Wu, Mei-Ling. "Vibration Failure Assessment Methodology for the Fatigue Life of Ball Grid Array BGA Solder Joints." In Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/impact.2008.4783844.

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Hu, Hong, Rui Yin, Shanshan Wang, Yuanyuan Sun, Guanglu Wu, Bing Zhao, Jianhua Li, Haoyin Ding, Lu Cao, and Lin Yu. "Grid Impedance Impact Analysis of the Weak Grid-Tied VSC." In 2021 IEEE Green Technologies Conference (GreenTech). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/greentech48523.2021.00091.

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Hutter, S. "Customer's impact on the distribution grid." In 22nd International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2013). Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2013.0626.

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Mishev, Ilya, and Ruslan Rin. "Grid Quality Measures for PEBI Grids." In SPE Reservoir Simulation Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/203961-ms.

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Abstract Combining the Perpendicular Bisector (PEBI) grids with the Two Point Flux Approximation (TPFA) scheme demonstrates a potential to accurately model on unstructured grids, conforming to the geological and engineering features of real grids. However, with the increased complexity and resolution of the grids, the PEBI conditions will inevitably be violated in some cells and the approximation properties will be compromised. The objective is to develop accurate and practical grid quality measures that quantify such errors. We critically evaluated the existing grid quality measures and found them lacking predictive power in several areas. The available k-orthogonality measures predict error for flow along the strata, although TPFA provides an accurate approximation. The false-positive results are not only misleading but can overwhelm further analysis. We developed the so-called "truncation error" grid measure which is probably the most accurate measure for flow through a plane face and accurately measures the error along the strata. We also quantified the error due to the face curvature. Curved faces are bound to exist in any real grid. The impact of the quality of the 2-D Delaunay triangulation on TPFA approximation properties is usually not taken into account. We investigate the impact of the size of the smallest angles that can cause considerable increase of the condition number of the matrix and an eventual loss of accuracy, demonstrated with simple examples. Based on the analysis, we provide recommendations. We also show how the size of the largest angles impacts the approximation quality of TPFA. Furthermore, we discuss the impact of the change of the permeability on the TPFA approximation. Finally, we present simple tools that reservoir engineers can use to incorporate the above-mentioned grid quality measures into a workflow. The grid quality measures discussed up to now are static. We also sketch the further extension to dynamic measures, that is, how the static measures can be used to detect change in the flow behavior, potentially leading to increased error. We investigate a comprehensive set of methods, several of them new, to measure the static grid quality of TPFA on PEBI grids and possible extension to dynamic measures. All measures can be easily implemented in production reservoir simulators and examined using the suggested tools in a workflow.
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Shih, Sean, Michael YC Lee, Tse-Wei Liao, D. S. Liu, Meng-Kai Shih, David Tarng, and C. P. Hung. "Copper Trace Thermomechanical Reliability Analysis of Ball Grid Array Package." In 2018 13th International Microsystems, Packaging, Assembly and Circuits Technology Conference (IMPACT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/impact.2018.8625799.

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Kleiwegt, Eline, and Zofia Lukszo. "Grid impact analysis of electric mobility on a local electricity grid." In 2012 9th IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control (ICNSC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnsc.2012.6204937.

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Reports on the topic "Grid impact"

1

Hodge, Brian S., Kara Clark, Nicholas W. Miller, and Slobodan Pajic. Concentrating Solar Power Impact on Grid Reliability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1464923.

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Novacheck, Josh, and Marty Schwarz. Evaluating the Grid Impact of Oregon Offshore Wind. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1827315.

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Novacheck, Josh, and Marty Schwarz. Evaluating the Grid Impact of Oregon Offshore Wind. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1879230.

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Clark, Kara, Nicholas W. Miller, and Slobodan Pajic. Executive Summary: Concentrating Solar Power Impact on Grid Reliability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1462340.

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Werth, D., and R. Nichols. Advanced Cloud Forecasting for Solar Energy’s Impact on Grid Modernization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1395968.

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Patton, A. D., D. G. Robinson, and C. Singh. The Impact of Restructuring Policy Changes on Power Grid Reliability. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1517.

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Hadley, Stanton W. Impact of Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles on the Electric Grid. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/974613.

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Desai, Jal, Mark Ruth, Paul Lemar, Mahabir Bhandari, John Storey, Kiran Srivastava, Jonathan Rogers, and Harrison Schwartz. Modeling the Impact of Flexible CHP on the Future Electric Grid In California. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1649545.

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Veeramany, Arun, Stephen D. Unwin, Garill A. Coles, Jeffery E. Dagle, W. David Millard, Juan Yao, Clifford S. Glantz, and Sri Nikhil Gup Gourisetti. Framework for Modeling High-Impact, Low-Frequency Power Grid Events to Support Risk-Informed Decisions. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1228355.

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Rahman, S. A study of the economic impact of operating photovoltaic systems in the electric utility grid. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6303513.

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