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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Greeting'
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Hobson, Jane Claire. "Texted love : a social-semiotic examination of greeting cards /." View thesis View thesis View thesis, 2002. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030407.164658/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, 2002.Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, School of Communication, Design and Media, University of Western Sydney, February, 2002. Bibliography : leaves [306]-324.
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Yildiz, Afsina. "Recherche cards : live it through the Recherche DVD cards." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371680.
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The purpose of this creative thesis project is to complete video greetings for the business "Recherche Cards," expected to be launched by late August 2007. Recherche DVD cards is a relatively new concept in the greetings industry, and will offer various video and 2D/3D animated greetings. The greetings can be sent online as they are or can be personalized with the client's videos and be mailed on a DVD format. For the clients looking for something exclusive, they can order a custom made card designed just for them. The ordering will take online only at www.recherchecards.com. The following proposal will discuss how it was conceived and brought to completion.Department of Telecommunications
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Баранова, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Баранова, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Baranova, and О. П. Удовиченко. "Привітальні висловлювання в англомовному дискурсі." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16811.
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Suu, Nguyen Phuong, and n/a. "A cross-cultural study of greeting and address terms in English and Vietnamese." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.114406.
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Mastering a new language does not only consist of the ability to
master its system of form but also the ability to use its linguistic
units appropriately. This is because languages differ from one
another not only in their systems of phonology, syntax and lexicon
but also in their speakers' manners of patterning their discourse
and realizing speech acts.
Greeting and addressing people are, to varying extents, formulaic,
culture-specific and routinized in different languages, including
Vietnamese and English. The factors that govern the way one
person greets and addresses another varies across languages and
speech communities. The selection of one linguistic form over
another in greeting and addressing someone largely depends on
Speaker-Hearer relative power paradigm, the context of
interaction and other social factors.
Greetings and address terms by themselves do not carry much
referential meaning but accomplish pragmatic functions. Failure to
use them appropriately may result in communication breakdown
or unwanted hostility, particularly in cross-cultural interactions.
Since communication is meaning-based, conventional, appropriate,
interactional and structured (Richards,1983: 242 ff), speakers of a
foreign language must take into account these elements if they
wish to communicate successfully in the target language.
This study investigates the patterning of greeting and address
terms in Vietnamese and in English, identifying similarities and
differences between them. The factors that govern the way
speakers choose to greet and address are examined.
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Hontas, David. "Equipping selected members of Beth-El Baptist Church of Doraville, Georgia, for church greeting ministry." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2005. http://www.tren.com.
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Adams, Elizabeth E. "Effects of communication apprehension, biological gender, and gender stereotypes on non-occasion greeting card sending /." View online, 1991. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211998878740.pdf.
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Johnson, Rebecca A. "The effect of implicit and explicit rules on customer greeting and productivity in a retail organization." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2005. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433404.
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Schaffer, Judith A. "Using teacher mediated strategies to increase the verbal greeting response of preschool children with developmental delays." The Ohio State University, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1407508347.
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Smith, Shannan. "Evaluating Behavioral Skills Training and In-Situ Training to Teach Greeting Skills to Adults with Developmental Disabilities." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3586.
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Previous research has demonstrated that behavioral skills training (BST) is effective in teaching social skills to individuals with developmental disabilities, but often the skills fail to generalize. One strategy to promote generalization has been the use of in situ training. In an effort to improve upon previous research BST plus in situ training was evaluated to teach greeting skills to adults living in a group home setting. The percentage of correct greeting responses was evaluated in a multiple baseline across participants design. Results showed that BST was only partially effective in teaching greeting skills to the participants. However, In-situ training resulted in a greater increase in correct greeting skills across all participants.
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Rydblom, Oskar. "You still say hello! : A corpus study of the greeting words hi, hey and hello in spoken American English." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-33962.
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This study examines the usage of the three greetings words hi, hey and hello incombination with greeting questions, such as how are you, and terms of address, such asBill, Mr Jones or Dad, in spoken American English. The investigation identifies someof the patterns and rules that govern greetings sequences and to what extent socialfactors like gender, age, social class and social context inform the speaker‘s choice ofgreeting. Theories within the area were then used to identify greetings in the LongmanSpoken American English Corpus that were then entered into a database along withinformation about the speakers. Using filters the greeting pairs where then sorted bydifferent factors, such as gender, to extract quantitative data on the distribution andfrequency of usage.The results showed variation influenced by social factors and formulaic patternsof greeting sequences. The study concludes that hi is the standard and most frequentgreeting in spoken American English, hey is a more vernacular form and hello seems tobe more frequently used when respecting the boundaries of the addressee. Greetingsequences also follow a predictable pattern based on the greeting word used or thegreeting questioned asked. More formal terms of address (for example Mr Lastname)are used in more formal settings or when there is a significant age difference betweenspeakers. If a greeting question (how are you?) is posed it is usually returned, answeredor both, and if answered often with a short reply providing minimal information (fine).Hence, both the choice of greeting word and the use of terms of address and greetingquestions are influenced by social factors like age, gender, social class and formality ofsetting according to observable patterns.hi, hey, hello, greetings, adjacency pairs, politeness, Longman Spoken American English Corpus, corpus linguistics, sociolinguistics, phraseology
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Баранова, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Баранова, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Baranova, and А. Ю. Джим. "Особливості дискурсу привітання." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64610.
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Дискурс – це одне із центральних понять сучасного мовознавства та лінгвістики, це досить складне багатогранне комунікативне явище, що співвідноситься з текстом та включає в себе певний соціальний контекст, який несе інформацію про учасників комунікативного акту.
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Коньок, Ольга Петрівна, Ольга Петровна Конек, Olha Petrivna Konok, and Сусан Алакорн. "Национально-культурные особенности этикета Эквадора." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/65115.
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Redaktion, BIS. "Neujahrsempfang 2011 der Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig." SLUB Dresden, 2011. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A1061.
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Am 22. Januar 2011 wurde zugleich mit dem Neujahrsempfang der Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig das Kunstwerk „Perspektive“ von Lada Nakonechna eingeweiht. Die über 100 Quadratmeter große Bleistiftzeichnung der ukrainischen Künstlerin wurde in dreimonatiger Arbeit erstellt und schmückt nun den vor zehn Jahren neu aufgebauten Alten Lesesaal. Die Stadt Leipzig ist unter den Sponsoren dieser Kunstaktion und hat den Neujahrsempfang zur festlichen Erinnerung an 50 Jahre Städtepartnerschaft zwischen Leipzig und Kiew genutzt.
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Mansi, Faten. "L’ouverture et la clôture de l’interaction dans la visite familière en France et en Jordanie : une approche multimodale." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20077.
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L’objet de cette recherche réside dans l’étude de l’interaction dans des visites familières en France et en Jordanie. Il concerne plus particulièrement l’analyse des deux séquences encadrantes de l’interaction : la séquence d’ouverture et la séquence de clôture. La méthode comparative a été adoptée afin de dégager les échanges et les actes qui composent ces séquences dans les deux pays. Cette étude a montré que la plupart des actes de langages sont attestés dans les deux corpus. Ce qui change, c’est la modalité de production et le fonctionnement des actes dans l’interaction. La formulation des actes lors de l’ouverture et de la clôture reflète les valeurs sociales et le profil socio-culturel des locuteurs français etjordaniens, tels qu’ils apparaissent dans les interactions de tous les joursThe aim of this research is to study interaction in familiar visits in France and Jordan. It focuses particularly on the two framing sequences of interaction: the opening sequence, and the closing sequence. A comparative method was adopted to describe the exchanges and acts that make up these sequences in the two countries. The study showed that most acts are used in each corpus. The differences concern the mode of production and functioning of these acts in the interaction. Their formulation in the opening and closing sequence reflects the social values and the socio-cultural profile of French and Jordanian speakers, as they appear in everyday interaction
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Pérez, Pereñíguez Ana Isabel. "Saludos en el aula de E/LE: El efecto de la instrucción explícita en la toma de consciencia pragmática." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Romanska och klassiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118471.
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El presente estudio se establece en el ámbito de la enseñanza de la competencia pragmática del español como lengua extranjera, más concretamente en el acto de habla expresivo del saludo. Existe una amplia variedad de estudios sobre la instrucción explícita de actos de habla en inglés, aunque el número de estudios basados en el aprendizaje de actos de habla a través de tratamientos pedagógicos en español es reducido y ninguno de ellos se centra en el saludo. El saludo es un acto de habla expresivo que, a pesar de su carácter universal y su extensa variedad de fórmulas, únicamente se expone en las primeras lecciones de E/LE. Acorde con las preguntas de investigación, el propósito de esta investigación es realizar un análisis sobre la enseñanza explícita con atención en la forma del acto de habla del saludo en el contexto sueco. A través de éste se comprueba la eficacia del tratamiento pedagógico y los efectos que tiene a distintos niveles de competencia. Para la recogida de datos se diseñó un tratamiento pedagógico, un cuestionario sociolingüístico y un test (pre y post) sobre conocimientos del saludo. Los participantes del estudio fueron estudiantes de secundaria suecos estudiantes de L3 español, los cuales conforman la muestra experimental y un grupo de control. Asimismo, también tomaron parte estudiantes de secundaria españoles como grupo de control de la lengua meta. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que los participantes con un mayor nivel de competencia son los que se han beneficiado considerablemente del tratamiento pedagógico centrado en el saludo.The following study pertains to the field of Spanish as a foreign language: teaching the pragmatic competence, more specifically in the expressive speech act of greetings. There is a wide variety of studies related to the explicit instruction of speech acts in English, although the number of studies based on the learning of speech acts through educational treatments in Spanish is reduced and none of them focuses on greetings. Despite its universal nature and wide variety of forms, greetings are expressive speech acts only presented during the first lessons of Spanish as a foreign language. In accordance with the research questions, the aim of this research is to analyze the explicit teaching based on focus on form methodology of the greeting speech act in a Swedish context. Within this particular context, the efficiency of the pedagogical treatment as well as its effect on different levels of competence are going to be checked. A pedagogical treatment, a sociolinguistic questionnaire and a test (pre and post) on greeting knowledge have been designed to collect data. Study participants were Swedish high school students of L3 Spanish; they were organized into either experimental sample and control group. Spanish high school students also took part into this study as a control group of the target language. The study results show that participants with a higher level of competence receive the greatest benefit from the pedagogical treatment focused on the greeting.
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Sibadela, Joyce Mukhethoni. "The speech act of greetings in Tshivenda." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53176.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of interpersonal verbal routines such as greetings is a universal phenomenon of human languages. All human speech communities have such formulas, although their character and the incidence of their use may vary enormously from one society to another. For several decades, greetings have been a recurrent object of inquiry for linguists and other human communication. Greetings are part of phatic communion, whereby people create ties of union and avoid silence, which is always alarming and dangerous. Communion among humans will often be marked in speech “phatically”. There is widespread evidence that greetings are an important part of the communicative competence necessary for being a member of any speech community. Greetings regularize patterns among members. Greeting has been often treated as if it was spontaneous emotional reaction to the coming together of people carrying overtly its own social message. Greeting expressions constitute an important part of the polite language. By greeting the speaker, indicates his attitude towards the addressee or starts a conversation with him. Greetings are often patterned expressions, which may vary among different nations. Most greetings perform primarily a phatic communion function; some greetings are used to convey information. Some culture does not operate non-verbal demonstration of respect of difference like bowing, or prostrating and kneeling, it makes up for this by insistence on the proper execution of verbal greetings, for example: Igbo culture does not operate nonverbal, whereas Japanese, Joruba and even Vendas they do practice these non-verbal demonstrations. Cultural performances are influenced by social variables such as the ages, sex and status of the interactants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van interpersoonlike mondelingse roetines, soos die handeling van groet, is ‘n universiele fenomeen van menslike taal. Alle menslike gemeenskappe het formules, alhoewel hulle karakter en die voorkoms van hulle gebruik, mag verskil van een gemeenskap tot ‘n ander. Vir dekades, was groet ‘n herhaalde onderwerp van ondersoek van taalkenners saam met ander aspekte van persoonlike kommunikasie. Die handeling van groet is ‘n deel van fatiese kommunikasie, waarby mense bande skep, en stilte vermy wat angswekkend kan wees. Kommunikasie tussen mense sal altyd na verwys word as faties in taalverskynsels. Daar is wydverspreide bewyse dat die handeling van groet ‘n belangrike deel van kommunikatiewe kompetensie is, wat noodsaaklik is vir 'n lid van enige gemeenskap geld. Groet reguleer voorbeelde van wedersydse verhoudings tussen groepelede. Groet is dikwels hanteer asof dit ‘n spontane emosionele reaksie by die saamkom van mense is wat hulle eie sosiale boodskap oordra. Die spraakhandeling van groet vorm ‘n belangrike deel van beleefdheidtaal. Deur te groet, bewys die persoon sy houding teenoor die ander persoon of begin om met die persoon 'n gesprek te voer. Die spraakhandeling van groet is dikwels voorbeelde van uitdrukkings wat verskil tussen verskillende taalgroepe. Die meeste groetvorme het ‘n primere fatiese gemeenskaps funksie, sommige begroetings word gebruik om informasie te verskaf. Sommige kulture maak nie gebruik van nie-verbale demonstrasies van respek of verskille soos neerbuiging of kniel, dit maak op vir die aandring op behoorlike gebruik van mondelinge begroeting, byvoorbeeld: Igbo kultuur maak nie gebruik van nie-verbale demonstrasies, waar Vendakultuur gebruik maak van hierdie nie-verbale demonstrasies. Kulturele belewenis van die groetvorm word beVnvloed deur sosiale veranderlikes soos ouderdom, geslag en status.
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Seymour, Katherine. "Adult Preferences of Greetings by Dental Staff." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1562895251357168.
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Turjoman, Mona O. "Saudi gender differences in greetings and leave-takings." Virtual Press, 2005. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1325998.
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This research investigates the differences between how men and women greet and take leave of someone of the same sex in Saudi Arabia, a gender segregated society. Age, social status, relationship between participants, and setting were also tested to see if they have any effect on how Saudis greet and take leave of each other.A total of 237 participants: 127 males and 110 females were recorded in naturally occurring conversations. The participants were from all social classes and included three age groups: 18-30, 31-50, and over 50. Relationship between participants included close friends, relatives, acquaintances, and strangers. Data was collected in social and family gatherings, work, school, and the hospital. The data was analyzed in light of Brown and Levinson's (1987) politeness theory. Variables like formulaic expressions, length, and hyperbole were also tested.The results of the study indicate that age had a significant affect on how Saudis greet, take leave/reply to a leave-taking of someone of the same sex. Based on my corpus, social status had no significant affect on how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. The relationship between participants showed a significant correlation with how Saudis greet/reply and take leave/reply of someone of the same sex. Setting had no significant affect of how Saudis greet and take leave of someone of the same sex. But it did show a significant affect of how Saudis reply to greetings and leave-takings of someone of the same sex. Gender did not on any significant affect on how Saudis greet and reply to greetings of someone of the same sex. Whereas, gender showed a significant correlation with how Saudis take leave and reply to a leave-taking.Results of the study indicate that women consistently took longer to greet and take leave of someone of their own sex, regardless of age, social status, relationship between participants, or setting. Women also used more metaphors and superlatives while greeting or taking leave of someone of their own sex. Women were found to repeat their greetings and leave-takings more than men.Department of English
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Свирид, Алла Миколаївна, Алла Николаевна Свирид, and Alla Mykolaivna Svyryd. "Speech etiquette of the greetings and farewells discourse." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/22870.
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Hinther, Rhonda L. Frager Ruth. ""Sincerest revolutionary greetings": Progressive Ukrainians in twentieth-century Canada /." *McMaster only, 2005.
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Soulsby, William Daniel III. "Greetings from the Peanut (Allergy) Gallery: Novel Treatments of Peanut Allergy." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/244785.
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Peanut allergy is among the most prevalent and dangerous forms of allergy in today’s society. Although the physiological mechanism of peanut allergy is well understood as an IgE-mediated immunologic disorder, reasons for unbalanced proportions of this allergy across the world are not completely known. With increasing rates of peanut allergy across the world, especially in the United States, a focus on more effective treatments is essential. Currently, the two most widely used methods of treatment of peanut allergy are injectable epinephrine (EpiPen) in preventing anaphylaxis and over-the-counter antihistamines (i.e. Benadryl). However, neither of these medications is completely effective for treating the wide range of symptoms that allergic patients suffer from. Perhaps, more effective treatments can be found in novel realms, including oral immunotherapy and plasmid DNA immunization, to increase a patient’s tolerance to peanut in cases of accidental ingestion of allergen. Anti-IgE therapy is a new treatment aimed at blocking the ability of IgE to bind to mast cells, stopping IgE from mediating the release of the chemotactic and inflammatory factors that initiate the allergic reaction. Finally, new research in combined therapies for treating anaphylaxis and Chinese herbal medicines may create a new way to target a broader range of symptoms that peanut allergic patients experience during an allergic reaction.
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Shortt, Marie Therese. "Patterning culture : developing a system for the visual notation of greetings." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2015. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/80e3b7e6-e439-4aaf-b27b-e888252b7930.
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This practice-based thesis examines ways in which the cultural patterning of greetings can be understood through their visualisation. The graphic design practice uses a range of digital tools and software to develop an animated graphic notation system for analysing nonverbal aspects of greetings both within and across cultures. The thesis explicates the process of this development and outlines its context and significance. Previous systems of visualisation devised by anthropologists for the study of greetings have stopped short of using contemporary digital technology. Further, although intercultural contact has increased, most existing greetings studies still focus on intracultural greetings.
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Karlström, Andreas. "What’s up with Swedish Students’ Responses to Question-Based Greetings? : A Study of How Second Language Learners of English Master the Formulaic Greetings “How are you?” and “What’s up?”." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-31548.
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The extent to which Swedish learners of English master the formulaic language of greetings and their responses has not been well researched over the years. This study aims to fill the gap by examining how 66 Swedish senior high school students respond to two question-based English greetings: the formal “How are you?” and the informal “What’s up?”. To enable a comparison with greeting responses produced in the native language, another 28 students were greeted in Swedish, with the corresponding phrases “Hur står det till?” and “Läget?”. In addition, 217 students were asked via a questionnaire about their opinions on the most appropriate greeting responses, as well as what greeting phrase they would prefer to use if they were the ones who greeted first. The results indicate that Swedish students have no problem with understanding the formulaic nature of greetings; thus, the high frequency of “pragmatic failure” which has been seen among Polish students greeted with “How are you?” was not found in this study. However, the Swedish students responded somewhat differently than what has been observed in earlier research on native English-speakers, and the answers often came after a moment of hesitation. Swedish students failed to produce responses to the English greetings (especially to “What’s up?”) in an automatic, native-like way. Moreover, the students claimed in their answers to the questionnaire that an appropriate response to “How are you?” and “What’s up?” should include a “thanks” or a “thank you”, but this politeness marker was absent in almost all the cases in the field study.
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Larsson, Daniel, and David Nygren. "Greetings from Karlstad : En marknadsföringsfilm för Karlstads universitet med syfte att locka internationella studenter." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för ekonomi, kommunikation och IT, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-8282.
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Gieseke, JoAnn. "Stability in visualizing relational movement in greetings between people : spatial skills, and cognitive style /." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487779914826396.
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Xia, Yan. "Politeness Strategies in English Adjacency Pairs : A Gender Differentiated Study on Greetings, Compliments and Directives." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för Lärarutbildning, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-7732.
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Carvalho, Bossolani Iderpaulo. "Cosmopolitan Greetings: Mixed-Form inter-American Judicial Review and the Latin American Path to Global Constitutionalism." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/22054.
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In den letzten Jahrzehnten hat sich in Lateinamerika ein neuer Kontext für die Durchsetzung von Menschenrechten herausgebildet. Die organisatorische Entwicklung des Interamerikanischen Menschenrechtsschutzsystems (IAS), die Verabschiedung neuer Verfassungen durch die nationalen Gesetzgeber und die Anwendung innovativer Verfassungsauslegungen durch die maßgeblichen Gerichte in der Region haben zur Entstehung eines kosmopolitischen lateinamerikanischen Konstitutionalismus geführt. In diesem neuen Kontext hat der Interamerikanische Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte (IACtHR) damit begonnen, die gerichtliche Überprüfung innerstaatlicher Gesetze zu praktizieren, d.h. er hat bei mehreren Gelegenheiten nationale Behörden angewiesen, innerstaatliche Gesetze wegen ihrer Unvereinbarkeit mit der Amerikanischen Menschenrechtskonvention (ACHR) für ungültig zu erklären. Angesichts der zunehmenden Konflikte zwischen nationalen und internationalen Menschenrechtsautoritäten zielt diese Studie darauf ab, den legitimsten und effektivsten Ansatz für die Praxis der interamerikanischen Konventionskontrolle zu finden. Ausgehend von der Debatte über die innerstaatliche richterliche Normenkontrolle werden zunächst die Gründe für die Praxis einer starken internationalen Normenkontrolle untersucht. Anschließend adressiert diese Studie Theorien, die versucht haben, die interamerikanische Konventionskontrolle zu schwächen. Diese Theorien haben sich häufig für die Übernahme des nationalen Ermessensspielraums auf der Grundlage der Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofes für Menschenrechte ausgesprochen. Schließlich plädiert die vorliegende Studie für eine kontextbasierte Theorie der interamerikanischen gerichtlichen Überprüfung und versucht, den nationalen Ermessensspielraum mit dem kosmopolitischen Konstitutionalismus Lateinamerikas in Einklang zu bringen.In recent decades, a new human rights enforcement context has emerged in Latin America. The organizational evolution of the Inter-American System for Human Rights Protection (IAS), the adoption of new constitutions by national legislatures, and the adoption of innovative constitutional interpretations by the most authoritative courts in the region have led to the emergence of Latin American cosmopolitan constitutionalism. Within this new context, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR) has started practicing the judicial review of domestic laws, i.e., on several occasions, it has ordered national authorities to invalidate domestic laws due to their incompatibility with the American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR). By reviewing domestic laws, the IACtHR has placed itself in the middle of a dialogue between legislatures and courts that was long seen as an exclusively domestic conversation within Latin American constitutionalism. This strong form of international jurisprudence has made the normative questions relating to judicial review much more complex to address. Given the increasing conflicts between domestic and inter-American human rights authorities, this study aims to find the most legitimate and effective approach to the practice of inter-American judicial review. In line with this, and drawing on the debate about domestic judicial review, it first assesses the reasons behind the practice of strong international judicial review. In order to offer a better form of inter-institutional interaction within the IAS, this study later addresses theories that have sought to weaken the practice of inter-American judicial review based on the principle of subsidiarity. These theories have often advocated for the adoption of the national margin of appreciation based on the European experience with this concept of deference to national authorities. Finally, this study advocates for a context-based theory of inter-American judicial review and tries to reconcile the national margin of appreciation with Latin American cosmopolitan constitutionalism.
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Lindgren, Sara. "Politeness in BELF Communication : A Study on Directness Strategies and Formality in Professional E-Mail Communication." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-104737.
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This paper investigates communication between speakers with different first languages in a business setting, referred to as BELF, Business English as a lingua franca. The present paper investigates politeness strategies in BELF e-mail correspondence, and the interplay between them. Politeness strategies play an important role in e-mail correspondence, and this has been identified through studying formality in greetings and closings, and directness in requests. The dataset consists of 46 naturally-occurring e-mails, which have been grouped into internal or external correspondence to accordingly answer the research question, which aims to investigate whether or not there is a difference in the communicative approach depending on who the receiver is. This has been analysed in terms of the politeness strategies formality and directness, and the results show that the internal and external correspondence are very similar to each other, hence the level of formality and directness rather appears to depend on the sender him/herself. The results furthermore present that greetings are mainly informal, closings mainly formal and requests predominantly direct, for both internal and external correspondence. This would conventionally indicate that the e-mails are impolite; however, in accordance with some recent scholars it has been agreed that, along with the development of e-mails, the requirements for politeness have changed, and the e-mails in the present study are primarily considered polite.
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Saberi, Kourosh. "Routine Politeness Formulae in Persian: A Socio-Lexical Analysis of Greetings, Leave-taking, Apologizing, Thanking and Requesting." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Social and Political Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7887.
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Speakers of Persian, like speakers of other languages, utilise Routine Politeness Formulae (RPF) to negotiate central interpersonal interactions. RPF in Persian have not received any systematic description as to their forms, their functions, their typical conditions of use and their discourse structure rules. Bridging this gap, for the first time, RPF from five frequently-used speech acts – namely, greeting, leave-taking, apologizing, thanking and requesting – are documented in this thesis.
Data were derived from Persian soap operas and from role-plays with native speakers, and were entered into a database for further analysis. The analysis is qualitative and the data are conceived of as phraseological units to be represented as dictionary entries.
The study of the aforementioned speech acts and their related array of RPF reveals the dynamics of interpersonal polite behaviour among Persians, reflecting the following socio-cultural values prevalent in Iranian society: (i) its group-oriented nature, (ii) a tendency towards positive (solidarity) politeness, (iii) sensitivity to remaining in people’s debt, (iv) sensitivity to giving trouble to others, (v) a high premium on reciprocity in interpersonal communications, (vi) the importance of seniority in terms of age and social status, and (vii) differentiation between members of the ‘inner circle’ and the ‘outer circle’. This thesis also reveals the dominance of the strategy of self-lowering and other-elevating. Almost all RPF in Persian allow for the use of this pervasive strategy, which is also manifested by two further sub-strategies: (i) a propensity to exaggerate favours received from others, and (ii) giving precedence to others over oneself. Finally, it is suggested that Islamic teachings have significantly influenced the formation and use of certain RPF.
The dictionary resulting from this work can serve as a resource for researchers in sociolinguistics and pragmatics, and for the teaching of Persian to non-Persian speakers.
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SILVA, VIVIANE BOUSADA CAETANO DA. "SOCIOINTERACTIONAL ASPECTS OF GREETINGS, FAREWELLS AND MAINTENANCE OF CONVERSATION HELD BY NATIVE SPANISH SPEAKERS LEARNING PORTUGUESE L2." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2008. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=11627@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROEste trabalho tem como principal objetivo descrever estruturas de abertura,fechamento e sustentação de conversação em língua portuguesa utilizadas por hispano-falantes aprendizes de português como segunda língua em situações de cumprimentos, despedidas e manutenção de interação dialogada com seus aspectos sócio- interacionais subjacentes. Para tal, a fundamentação teórica deste trabalho se concentra em conceitos da Sociolingüística Interacional em interface com a Análise da Conversação, além do Funcionalismo de base Pragmática. A análise de dados incide sobre um corpus de gravações em áudio de três situações dialogadas em dois grupos de informantes: brasileiros e aprendizes hispânicos de português como segunda língua. Por meio dessa análise, procura-se confrontar os rituais de cumprimentos, despedidas e sustentação de conversação que hispano- falantes aprendizes de português para estrangeiros utilizam com os que brasileiros empregam nos mesmos contextos situacionais, levando-se em consideração dados culturais e interacionais. Os resultados apontam que a interferência do espanhol no nível lingüístico-estrutural tende a diminuir mais rapidamente que no nível sócio-interacional. Portanto, esta pesquisa propõe subsídios para que aprendizes de português falantes de espanhol como língua materna consigam usar naturalmente essas estruturas na língua alvo sem traduções literais nem interferências da cultura subjetiva do espanhol.
This paper intends to describe the structures of opening, closing and maintenance in Portuguese conversation held by native Spanish speakers learning Portuguese as a second language in situations of greetings, farewells and maintenance of dialogued interaction with their underlying socio-interactional aspects. With that aim in view, the theoretical foundation of this work focuses on the concepts of sociolinguistics in connection with conversation analysis and pragmatic-based functionalism. The analyzed data originated from an audio recording corpus of three dialogued situations including two groups of informants: native Brazilian Portuguese speakers and native Spanish speakers learning Portuguese as a second language. By means of this analysis, this paper seeks to compare the rituals of greetings, farewells and maintenance of conversation that native Spanish speakers do with those performed by Brazilians in the same situational context, taking into account cultural and interactional data. The results show that interferences of the Spanish language at the level of linguistic structures tend to decrease more rapidly than at the socio-interactional level. Therefore, this research proposes instruments to cause native Spanish speakers learning Portuguese to effectively use those structures in the target language naturally without either literal translation or inferences of subjective Spanish culture.
Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de describir estructuras de apertura, clausura y sostenimiento de conversación en lengua portuguesa empleadas por hispano hablantes aprendices de portugués como segunda lengua en situaciones de saludos, despedidas y de mantenimiento de interacción dialogada con sus aspectos sociointeraccionales subyacentes. Para ello, la fundamentación teórica de este trabajo se basa en conceptos de la Sociolingüística Interaccional, además del Análisis del Discurso y del Funcionalismo de base Pragmático. El corpus para el análisis de los datos se compone de grabaciones en audio de tres diálogos situacionales en dos grupos de informantes: brasileños y aprendices hispánicos de portugués como segunda lengua. Por medio de ese análisis, se busca confrontar los rituales de saludos, despedidas y sostenimiento de conversación que los hispano hablantes alumnos de portugués para extranjeros utilizan con los que los brasileños usan en los mismos contextos situacionales, teniendo en cuenta datos culturales e interaccionales. Los resultados señalan que la interferencia del español en el nivel lingüístico- estructural disminuye más rápido que en el nivel sociointeraccional. Por lo tanto, esta investigación propone subsidios para que aprendices estudiantes de portugués para extranjeros hablantes de español como lengua materna logren usar naturalmente esas estructuras en lengua extranjera sin traducciones literales ni interferencias de la cultura subjetiva del español.
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Silva, Karina Torres Farias Da. "Do scripted dialogues reflect native speaker discourse? An analysis of English textbooks for adult students in Brazil." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1040048746.
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Mathew, Susan. "Women in the Greetings of Rom 16:1-16: a study of mutuality and women's ministry in the Letter to the Romans." Thesis, Durham University, 2010. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/369/.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the leadership roles of women within the model of mutuality in Pauline churches as specified in Romans 16:1-16. The three major issues focussed in this study are the leadership roles of women in the Pauline churches (Romans 16:1-16), the nature of mutuality reflected in the greetings to men and women, and the way in which the greetings to men and women in Rom 16 relate to the ethos of mutualism in Rom 12-15. Starting from the premise that Romans 16 is an integral part of the letter, the study begins with an overview of previous research in the areas of major focus (Chapter 1). It is followed by the analysis of the form of greetings in the Pauline letters against the backdrop of the Hellenistic use of greetings to understand the significance of the specific form of the greetings in Rom 16:1-16 and its purpose of encouraging mutual relationship (Chapter 2). The analysis of the leadership of women in the Greco-Roman world shows that women’s leadership roles in the Pauline churches were not countercultural; rather they were part of the culture of the Greco-Roman world, where some women of wealth or higher social status exerted some independence (Chapter 3). The women named (Rom 16:1-16) and greeted with descriptive phrases perhaps draw our attention to Paul’s acknowledgment of some women, who worked as his associates, and point to relationships of mutuality in the greetings (Chapter 4). The study of Romans 12-13 helps to clarify the model of mutuality in the body metaphor and the repeated term ‘a0llh/louv’, signifying that Christian experience is not only an individual experience but also has social and ethical aspects (Chapter 5). The contextual application of mutuality in the community as mutual welcoming and mutual up-building (Rom 14-15) is the focus of Chapter 6. The final attempt is to draw together the peculiarities of the Pauline ethos of mutuality which encourages the leadership roles of women in the greetings (Chapter 7). Mutuality of relationships in Romans transcends gender discrimination as Paul accepts and appreciates men and women for their toil with regard to the church and to himself. The women named and greeted with specific roles (Rom 16) are Phoebe, Prisca, Junia, Persis, Mary, Tryphaena and Tryphosa, Rufus’ mother, Nereus’ sister and Julia. The leadership of women in the church is placed within the structures of mutuality in Romans. Mutuality is the model of relationship Paul wants to urge on Roman Christians and the ethical obligations are guided by the dynamic relationships of ‘love mutualism’, which are evident in Romans 12-15. Love mutualism works as mutual service to the other that works within the hierarchies and is dynamic.
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Forsberg, Christoffer, and Lucas Henningson. "Personal visits are better appreciated than sent greetings : A multiple-case study of project business and network risks and opportunities in Africa." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45212.
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The purpose of this thesis is to gain understanding and analyze how Scandinavian firms’ relationships and networks can help them to create opportunities and reduce risks when conducting project business on African markets. Through this purpose we have created a main research questions that aims to answer: In order to answer the main research question a theoretical framework will be built on project business theories in order to understand project business and the opportunities and risks that are known to the project marketer. The Network Model and Uppsala Internationalization Model will also be applied to gain understanding of how to create opportunities and reduce risks through your networks and relationships. The research approach of this thesis will be an abductive approach and the gathering of primary data will be done through qualitative interviews using a multiple case study of two experienced project business actors. The gathered empirical data will interpreted with the help of the theoretical framework. The conclusion of this thesis indicates that project business risks and opportunities many times are interrelated to the same actors and that coordination and communication among the project marketer’s relationships and networks are vital to project business success on African markets. Onwards a theoretical gap and our theoretical contribution within the field will be presented, along with suggestions for further research and implications for practicing project business actors.
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Смирнов, Василь Анатолійович, Василий Анатольевич Смирнов, Vasyl Anatoliiovych Smyrnov, and Д. В. Крісанова. "Визначення швидкості витання частинок полідисперсних зернистих матеріалів." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45563.
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Переробка полідисперсних матеріалів є основним процесом в виробництвах металургійної, хімічної, будівельної промисловості та сільськогосподарстві. Осадження частинок є основним процесом в технологіях переробки полідисперсних матеріалів. Для визначення осадження полідисперсних зернистих матеріалів потрібно мати інформацію про швидкість витання частинок.
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Muñoz, Jara Daisy. "La cortesía verbal : Un estudio contrastivo entre los saludos y peticiones en los idiomas sueco y español." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Spanska, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21730.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the differences and similarities regarding verbal politeness in greetings and requests in Swedish and the Chilean variety of Spanish. A survey with 12 questions, both open-ended and closed-ended, has been distributed to 20 native speakers of the two languages. Thus, the questions have been analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. The results show that the perception that the Swedes and the Chileans have about verbal politeness is similar, since the speakers of both languages see it as a way to show respect towards others. The study also shows that Swedes and Chileans share a similar view upon politeness, i.e. as a social norm that facilitates social interaction between people.
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Gagne, Christophe. "Les interactions verbales en France et en Grande-Bretagne : étude comparative de quatre petits commerces français et britanniques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20051/document.
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Ce travail de thèse s’inscrit dans une perspective comparative et interculturelle. Sa mise en œuvre repose sur l’idée que c’est en observant ce qui se passe dans les interactions du quotidien que l’on peut mieux comprendre le rapport que les cultures entretiennent, et mettre au jour ce que les comportements observés dans chacune des cultures étudiées ont de spécifique. En s’appuyant sur l’analyse minutieuse et détaillée d’enregistrements effectués dans quatre sites commerciaux français et britanniques, l’étude tente de comprendre le comportement langagier des participants en le mettant en relation avec divers éléments du contexte (éléments relevant du micro-contexte : matériel discursif contigu aux énoncés étudiés ; du contexte situationnel : agencement du site, nombre de participants, finalité de l’interaction ; du macro-contexte : place occupée par les interactions de commerce dans les cultures en question, par les sites, valeurs culturelles d’arrière-plan). La finalité de cette étude (qui aborde les rituels d’entrée et de sortie d’interaction ; les remerciements ; la réalisation d’actes de langage directifs : questions, requêtes, offres ; les séquences conversationnelles) est d’obtenir une meilleure compréhension des profils communicatifs relatifs aux cultures française et britanniqueThis thesis, which is of a contrastive and intercultural nature, is informed by the idea that it is by observing the behaviour of interactants in everyday interactions that the relationship between cultures can best be approached, and the specificity of the forms of behaviour encountered explored. Through the careful and detailed analysis of recordings taken in four different shops (French and British), the study aims to understand the linguistic behaviour of the participants by linking it to various contextual elements (micro-contextual elements: discursive material that surrounds the utterances analysed; situational elements: site layout, number of participants, interaction’s finality; macro-contextual ones: status of service encounters and of the types of shops selected, cultural values that underpin explored behaviour). The purpose of the study (which analyses opening and closing rituals; thanking; the way directive speech acts such as questions, offers and requests are performed; conversational sequences) is to provide a better understanding of the communicative styles that can be associated with French and British cultures
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Andrésen, Samuel, and Dahlgren Robin Karlsson. "Det räcker med ett hej. : En kvantitativ och kvalitativ undersökning om betydelsen av hälsningar." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för geografi, medier och kommunikation (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84715.
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I vår samtid är det lätt att ibland känna sig ensam. Pandemin har försvårat möten mellan människor och påverkar väldigt många psykiskt. Men pandemin kommer att passera, och då får vi inte låta återhållsamhet bli det nya normala. Vi behöver bekräfta, se och hälsa på varandra. Människor behöver känna tillhörighet. Den här studien syftar därför till att undersöka människors attityder till hälsningar och vidare använda den kunskapen för att skapa en effektiv visuell kampanj för att främja mer hälsningar i samhället. Genom en enkätundersökning har vi kunnat samla in data som med stöd av tidigare forskning och teoretiskt ramverk hjälpt oss påvisa att hälsningar kan göra en stor positiv skillnad i vardagen för människor. Enkätundersökningen fungerade även som en målgruppsanalys som visade att unga människor, som bor/vistas ofta i stadsmiljö och som nyttjar sociala medier är de som hälsar i lägst utsträckning. Med kunskap om målgruppen och dess attityder kunde vi genom två fokusgruppsdiskussioner och teoretiskt ramverk skapa en annonskampanj som på ett visuellt tilltalande och effektivt sätt uppmanar målgruppen till mer hälsningar.Nowadays it is easy to feel lonely. The pandemic has made meetings between people more difficult which affects many people mentally. But the pandemic will pass, and then we do not want the restrained attitude to become the new normal. We need to confirm, see, and welcome each other. People need to feel a sense of belonging. This study therefore aims to examine people's attitudes towards greetings and further use that knowledge to create an effective visual campaign to promote more greetings in society. Through a survey, we have been able to collect data that, with the support of previous research and theoretical framework, has helped us show that greetings can make a big positive difference in everyday life for people. The survey also served as a target group analysis, and showed that young people, who often live / stay in an urban environment and who use social media, are the ones who greet to the least extent. With knowledge of the target group and its attitudes, we were able to create an advertising campaign through two focus group discussions and a theoretical framework that in a visually appealing and effective way encourages the target group to open up to greet each other more.
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Шевцова, Аліна Владленівна, Алина Владленовна Шевцова, Alina Vladlenivna Shevtsova, and Мірзазаде Санан. "Етикетні формули привітання в українській та азербайджанській мові." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76964.
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Оволодіння іноземною мовою передбачає не тільки
опанування певного лексичного фонду, законів граматики, а й засвоєння
«культурного» аспекту використовуваних одиниць, знання сфер їх застосування,
розуміння стилістичного та емоційного навантаження, які вони несуть.
Знайомство з іноземною мовою і культурою носіїв цієї мови традиційно
починається з мовних формул знайомства, привітання, прощання. Особливості
цієї лексико-семантичної групи в різних мовах визначаються історичними,
традиційними, емоційними і навіть кліматичними факторами.
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Sithebe, Faith Bonsile. "The speech act realisation of requests and greetings by non-native and native speakers of siSwati : communication challenges faced by American Peace Corps Volunteers in their interaction with Swazi people." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17874.
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Thesis (MPhil )--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigates the differences in the communication styles of siSwati and American English speakers. Specifically, it investigates the realization patterns of the speech acts of request and greeting in siSwati, by native and non-native speakers of siSwati. It also investigates how these same speech acts are realised by the non-native speakers of siSwati in their first language, English. The participants were 10 Swazis and 10 American Peace Corps volunteers living in Swaziland, Southern Africa at the time this study was conducted. The data were collected by means of a questionnaire followed up with a semi-structured interview. The data were analysed using the framework of the Cross-cultural Speech Act Realization Project as developed by Blum- Kulka (1989). Common trends were noted in the realization of the two speech acts by native speakers and non-native speakers and conclusions were made based on the similarities and differences observed. Overall, the results suggest (i) that there are marked differences in the way in which American English speakers and Swazi people perform and interpret greetings and requests, and (ii) that such differences emanate from the different cultural orientation of the two groups of people. Since such differences sometimes lead to misunderstandings, there is evident need to make people aware of cultural differences in order for understanding and tolerance to prevail in cross-cultural interactions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die verskille in die kommunikasiestyle van sprekers van siSwati en Amerikaanse Engels. Dit beskou spesifiek die realiseringspatrone van die taalhandelinge versoek en groet in siSwati, deur moedertaal- en nie-moedertaalsprekers van siSwati, en in Engels. Die deelnemers was 10 Swazis en 10 Amerikaanse Vredekorps-vrywilligers woonagtig in Swaziland, Suid-Afrika, ten tye van die studie. Die data is ingesamel deur middel van 'n vraelys wat opgevolg is deur 'n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoud. Die data is geanaliseervolgens die raamwerk van die Kruiskulturele Spraakhandeling-realiseringsprojek, soos voorgestel deur Blum-Kulka (1989). Algemene tendense is opgemerk in die realisering van die twee spraakhandelinge deur moedertaalsprekers en nie-moedertaalsprekers en afleidings is gemaak op grond van die waargenome verskille en ooreenkomste. Oor die algemeen dui die resultate op (i) duidelike verskille tussen die wyses waarop sprekers van Amerikaanse Engels en Swazis versoeke en groethandelinge uitvoer en interpreteer, en (ii) die verskillende kulturele oriënterings van die twee groepe as oorsprong van hierdie tipe verskille. Aangesien laasgenoemde dikwels aanleiding gee tot misverstand, is dit duidelik noodsaaklik dat mense bewus gemaak word van kulturele verskille ten einde begrip en verdraagsaamheid te laat hoogty vier tydens kruiskulturele interaksie.
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Pettersson, Lena. "Writing Business Emails in English as a Lingua Franca - how informal can you be? : An analysis of formality in BELF emails." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-118100.
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As a result of globalisation, the number of companies working globally is increasing at an unprecedented pace. Consequently, the need to communicate with people from other countries is getting bigger. In such intercultural communication, a common language must be used to interact. The language of choice is most often English, which is the business lingua franca (BELF) today. Furthermore, email has become the obvious choice of medium when interacting with foreign business associates. The present study was conducted through intensive and extensive analyses, investigating BELF emails written by 21 individuals with 14 different native languages. The data consists of 209 emails. The study follows Bjørge’s (2007) work on formality in emails written in academic settings. The aim of the study was to determine how formal the participants were in greetings and closings and whether they accommodated their language to the respondent. The results suggest that the level of formality mainly depends on the purpose of the email and, to some extent, how formal the correspondent is. The accommodation to the correspondent seems to be individual. The present study wishes to extend knowledge on email communication in BELF settings. The results are likely to be relevant for teachers and students of Business Communication and English as a Second or Foreign Language along with managers in internationally functioning companies, especially as regards what should be considered in BELF communication.
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Mark, Nathalie. "Lo siento, chicos. No somos tíos en español : Un estudio del doblaje español de Green Street Hooligans." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för moderna språk, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175745.
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En esta tesina trataremos el doblaje español de la película Green Street Hooligans y mediante una investigación cualitativa estudiamos cómo las elecciones generales, entratar el habla de los personajes, y las elecciones específicas, cómo se han manejado los saludos, han afectado la percepción de dos personajes escogidos y la película en sí. Los resultados que han sido revelados es que los rasgos tanto dialectales como idiolectales han sido normalizados a un español estándar y esto ha contribuido en crear un estilo, en la versión española, que es menos vívido, más formal, y menos conectado con los personajes que la versión original. Por eso, la vista que pueden tener los espectadores españoles al ver la película se diferencia mucho de la que pueden tener quienes que venla película en inglés. Esto ya que no van a poder sobreentender la pertenencia a una clase social, origen espacial y el estilo personal de los personajes solamente viendo la versión doblada de la película.
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"Hailing gender: The rhetorical action of greeting cards." THE GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY, 2009. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1464059.
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Chang, Huiyu, and 張慧玉. "The Study of Greeting Angkong Fiesta in Sanxia." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63108292865833148688.
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碩士國立臺北大學
古典文獻與民俗藝術研究所民俗藝術組
100
There is no Angkong’s temple in Sanxia district, and majority of Angkong idols are greeted from outside. Residents had offered sacrifices to Angkong frome one village to another village. Even though greeting Angkong’s pattern have evolved as the time pass by, but Angkong fiesta is still an important yearly activity now. The sources of Angkong’faith are both historical and cultural intension. If I can collect related documents and investigat present situation, the integrated data could be Sanxia’s reference materials. The thesis is based on the faith of Fujian’s family, the Angkong’faith of Taibei area, and religious organization. Furthermore, the reference material would be required including of Huchiu Lin family’s pedigree of a clan, some public record, interview with related persons and so on. According to the pattern of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia, it could be divided into tow kinds. Furthermore , the first kind of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia could be also divided into three types by the method of greeting Angkong . The first type is the Angkong greeted from Sanxia Tsusze Temple , the second type is the Angkong greeted from outside , and the third type is the Angkong greeted from the village in Sanxia .This kind of activity is held by the residents who live in the same village. Majority of Angkong’s fiesta are held on August 15th in Lunar Calendar, and residents will prepare for every activities in the name of Angkong’s birthday on this day. On the operation of fiesta, each area is quite independent, and the activities of contents are changed with good flexibility. The second kind of Angkong’s fiesta in Sanxia is held by the Huchiu Lin family. Huchiu Lin family immigrated from their hometown Anxi county with Angkong. Then they gathered members whose first name are Lin, and Huchiu Lin family organized these persons into a Shenminghuei which is arranged in the named of lichutsunwang. These members will hold Angkong’s fiesta on February 28 each year. Although the scale of Shenminghuei is not very large, but it could be showed that a family is how to organize relatives in the immigrated society and establish interpersonal relationship. The development of Angkonghuei is a example of settlers’ history.
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WANG, LEE-FU, and 王立夫. "Speech Act in Greeting of Taiwan Southern Min." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46027804109965583413.
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碩士玄奘大學
外國語文學系碩士班
96
Speech Act in Greeting of Taiwan Southern Min Student: Lee-Fu Wang Advisor: Dr. Jui-Chun Wu The Graduate Institute of Foreign Languages and Literatures Hsuan Chuang University ABSTRACT This thesis aims to examine speech act in greeting of Taiwan Southern Min (TSM), by observing, recording, and analyzing the real life greeting expressions among the language community at the park, the market, and the residence in Jhunan, Miaoli in order to achieve the target analyzing quantity—one hundred entities per setting, and then to interpret them from linguistic, psychological, and social perspectives, so as to find out: A. What greeting expressions in TSM are more frequently being used? B. How speech acts are being conveyed between the greeter and the greetee? C. Why they can not be isolated from the context of use? With these three phases (linguistic, psychological, and social) we may examine greeting as speech act in Taiwan Southern Min (TSM) across a spectrum of proximity from micro to macro: A. Linguistic phase focuses on linguistic behavior, which represents the micro view. B. Psychological phase focuses on interpersonal interaction, which takes the larger view. C. Social phase focuses on social interaction, which reflects the macro view. Taking a close look at the findings, we may recognize and indicate that: A. The use of prefixes/nick names, conventional greetings, body language, and auditory sounds play a larger role in greeting exchanges that are similar to the analysis proposed by Schleicher (1997). B. They reflect three generalizations (to reestablish social relations, to acknowledge a differential allocation of status, and to perform guarantee for safe passage) in interpreting greeting behavior which Goffman made (1971). C. They correspond to Schegloff and Sacks (1973) introducing adjacency pairs as a part of conversational analysis (CA), Richards and Schmidt (1983) defining Greeting-Greeting adjacency pairs as closed, formulaic, and easily learned sets. The results prove that speech act in greeting of TSM does exactly reflect one’s linguistic, psychological, and social characteristics.
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Fong, Randie Kamuela. "Ho'okipa: A History of Hawaiian Greeting Practices and Hospitality." 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/21099.
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Hobson, Jane Claire, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and of Communication Design and Media School. "Texted love : a social-semiotic examination of greeting cards." 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/30315.
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This thesis surveys patterns of production and use of greeting cards in Australia and analyses a corpus of greeting cards, examining the organisation of semiosis by greeting cards.As a commodity consumed for the express purpose of being given away, individuals using greeting cards enact themselves through a commodified technology of the self simultaneous with a performance that enacts relations with others.Particular focus is given to the 'fun-and- love' card, within the industry category of non-occasion greeting cards. This type of card is situated within a complex of performances which are constitutive of a contemporary nexus of commodification, public-private spheres, gender, interpersonal relations and discources of intimacy.As this is an inquiry into a commodity that is a texted cultural artefact, it is informed by both cultural and textual theories. The organisation of the thesis into two parts reflects its twin concerns: the first is akin to a study of the greeting card as a commodity that is given away, paying attention to practices of production, consumption and use within personal relationships. In symmetry with that exploration, Part Two is contiguous with the 'linguistic turn' that has taken many disciplines in productive directions over the duration of the twentieth century.In doing both these kinds of 'discourse analysis' articulated to an empirico-ethnographic study of a cultural artefact that embodies emotion, the thesis seeks to contribute to dialogues that are concerned with moving forward with respect to theorising relations among sociocultural practices and language and discourse.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Hobson, Jane, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and of Communication Design and Media School. "Texted love : a social-semiotic examination of greeting cards." 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/30762.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis surveys patterns of production and use of greeting cards in Australia and analyses a corpus of greeting cards, examining the organisation of semiosis by greeting cards.As a commodity consumed for the express purpose of being given away, individuals using greeting cards enact themselves through a commodified technology of the self simultaneous with a performance that enacts relations with others.Particular focus is given to the 'fun-and- love' card, within the industry category of non-occasion greeting cards. This type of card is situated within a complex of performances which are constitutive of a contemporary nexus of commodification, public-private spheres, gender, interpersonal relations and discources of intimacy.As this is an inquiry into a commodity that is a texted cultural artefact, it is informed by both cultural and textual theories. The organisation of the thesis into two parts reflects its twin concerns: the first is akin to a study of the greeting card as a commodity that is given away, paying attention to practices of production, consumption and use within personal relationships. In symmetry with that exploration, Part Two is contiguous with the 'linguistic turn' that has taken many disciplines in productive directions over the duration of the twentieth century.In doing both these kinds of 'discourse analysis' articulated to an empirico-ethnographic study of a cultural artefact that embodies emotion, the thesis seeks to contribute to dialogues that are concerned with moving forward with respect to theorising relations among sociocultural practices and language and discourse.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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張妙如. "A study of the animated electronic greeting card design." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/19834841383968521509.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
視覺傳達設計系碩士班
90
Due to the increasing spread of network, people learn, work, amusement, rest and communicate with lots of information by the computer of the network. It is more convenient and economic that people transmit ideas and opinions to each other by the E-mail, and express their regard and greeting by the electronic greeting cards in New Year and special festival. It is an evolution that the design from 2-Dimension to 3-Dimension on the electronic greeting cards that they can present more miscellaneous and composite. Cause network is the most fast prescription multimedia, it can much easier to present the peculiarity on the animated patterns and words. By the point of view with Kansei Engineering, the purpose of this study is to investigate the evaluation of the observers with the animated electronic greeting cards. By surveying the popular websites from Internet, we had investigated the sort “birthday” of animated electronic greeting cards to be our object, and classified these electronic greeting cards. It’s discussed the pattern elements with the representative electronic greeting cards by the focus group and choused the samples from the result of the cluster analysis. The image vocabulary was choused by using the factor analysis and so on. Evaluated the most representative electronic greeting cards with the image vocabulary scales of the questionnaire to be the experiment. Then used the Quantitative Theory TypeⅠto be the experiment analyze and to analyze the emotion image of the animated electronic greeting cards. This study showed that: 1. By results of Quantitative Theory Type I, the correlation coefficient of the pattern element with humor, romantic and jubilant are about 0.8. It shows that the representative samples were according with the operation of the analysis. The highest of the correlation coefficient was the pattern element with humor, next was jubilant and romantic. 2. Three items, “the way of animated”, “the whole color sense” and “the line of the subject” are more important on the Kansei vocabularies. 3. The experiment verification shows that the predictions are about 70%. The predictions of “romantic” and “jubilant” were about 75%, but the prediction of “humor” was about 50%. It shows that different observers have different recognition with “humor”.
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Liang, I.-Hua, and 梁逸華. "The Role of Greeting Call Volunteer in Long-Term Care." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36174882867749714299.
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碩士淡江大學
保險學系保險經營碩士在職專班
100
Proper utilization of volunteers has been one of the directions in developing our nation’s long-term care policy. Under the guiding principle of Social Welfare Privatization policy, government agencies are collaborating with non-profit organizations to deliver welfare services. With assistance from the volunteers, elders in the communities are provided with primary preventive care services that help delaying the possibility of the elders entering into the formal health care system. According to the related literatures and theories, volunteers are driven by various motivations, thus institutions also face various dilemmas in utilizing these volunteers. This research and study focuses on one of the primary preventive care services of “greeting call”. Adopting the use of qualitative interviewing method, a clear perspective of the viewpoint can be gained from the managing institutions and the volunteers’ experience. By clarifying the exact role of greeting call volunteers in the long-term care process, this research and study wishes to produce more opportunities in utilizing volunteers in long-term care. The result of this research and study reveals the following： 1. The risk of the turnover from the greeting call volunteers is minimal, however the improvement of the professional knowledge is essential. 2. The age of the volunteers has the effect on the greeting call service operations. 3. Elders have different demands from the greeting calls, so the ratio allocation of volunteers should be adjusted to increase effectiveness. 4. Volunteers turnover rate can be increased if the role of the volunteer is not clearly defined.
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"From Gatekeeping to Greeting: Fostering Persistence in Online Writing Courses." Doctoral diss., 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14528.
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abstract: Increasing numbers of courses are offered online and increasing numbers of students are pursuing post-secondary studies. At broad-access institutions, such as land grant universities and community colleges, this presents a particular concern around student persistence--that is, the number of students who complete diploma, certificate, or degree requirements from an institution. Such increased access and increased enrollment also present unique challenges to first-year writing instructors, who are often the first professionals with whom first-year students are in contact. Here I explore the many reasons why student persistence should interest first-year writing instructors, in particular, those who are teaching online. Student persistence has important civic, economic, ethical, institutional, and disciplinary implications that first-year instructors cannot ignore. I propose a persistence-based pedagogy that involves six essential elements: designing learner-centered online writing courses, demonstrating mattering by valuing student writing, fostering self-efficacy by making assignments relevant, fostering student connections through collaboration and community, engaging virtual learners by fostering a sense of place and presence, and recognizing the challenges and minimizing the risks of teaching online. Such an undertaking is necessarily transdisciplinary and draws on scholarship in rhetoric and composition, instructional design, educational psychology, applied linguistics, and higher education administration. It connects pedagogical principles advanced nearly fifty years ago with digital pedagogies that are in their infancy and attempts to balance the social epistemic nature of writing instruction with the real-world demands of diverse student populations, increasing course sizes, and ever-changing technologies. Perhaps most importantly, this dissertation focuses on strategies that online writing instructors can adopt regardless of their theoretical leanings, academic training, or institutional requirements. While persistence-based instruction does not change the purpose or outcomes of first-year composition and does not replace proper placement measures or address early-term drop rates, it does provide a framework for facilitating online courses that is rooted in rhetorical theory and composition pedagogy and promotes informed teaching and lifelong learning.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. English 2012