Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Greenhouse gas inventories and fluxes'
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Welch, Bertie. "Trace greenhouse gas fluxes in upland forests." Thesis, Open University, 2018. http://oro.open.ac.uk/55812/.
Full textDinsmore, Kerry J. "Atmosphere-soil-stream greenhouse gas fluxes from peatlands." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4040.
Full textSkoglund, Björn. "Diffusive gas fluxes in neotropical rainforest streams." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105692.
Full textNkongolo, Nsalambi Vakanda. "Quantification of greenhouse gas fluxes from soil in agricultural fields." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1474.
Full textStorer, Kate Elizabeth. "Interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil greenhouse gas fluxes." Thesis, University of York, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5022/.
Full textHermans, Renee Elisabeth Maria. "Impact of forest-to-bog restoration on greenhouse gas fluxes." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/27319.
Full textPitt, Joseph. "Novel methods to constrain regional greenhouse gas fluxes using aircraft data." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/novel-methods-to-constrain-regional-greenhouse-gas-fluxes-using-aircraft-data(e9aea30c-dd81-43c6-917b-27e22b32352f).html.
Full textAdams, Christopher Alan. "Carbon Burial and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes of New Intertidal and Saltmarsh Sediments." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.514279.
Full textGirkin, Nicholas T. "Tropical forest greenhouse gas emissions : root regulation of soil processes and fluxes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/52949/.
Full textVardag, Sanam Noreen [Verfasser], and Ingeborg [Akademischer Betreuer] Levin. "Greenhouse gas measurements with the Fourier Transform Infrared analyser – Our tool to study greenhouse gas fluxes / Sanam Noreen Vardag ; Betreuer: Ingeborg Levin." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/118061478X/34.
Full textIshtiaq, Khandker S. "Robust Modeling and Predictions of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from Forest and Wetland Ecosystems." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2287.
Full textJohansson, Elisabeth. "Constructed wetlands and deconstructed discourses : greenhouse gas fluxes and discourses on purifying capacities /." Linköping : Univ, 2002. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/arts253s.pdf.
Full textBrill, Katie Ellen. "Impacts of inundation and season on greenhouse gas fluxes from a low-order floodplain." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/19213.
Full textMaster of Science
Ventura, Robert E. "Wetlands and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes: Causes and Effects of Climate Change – A Meta-Analysis." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/107.
Full textMustamo, P. (Pirkko). "Greenhouse gas fluxes from drained peat soils:a comparison of different land use types and hydrological site characteristics." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 2017. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526214610.
Full textTiivistelmä Turve alkaa hajota nopeammin ojituksen jälkeen happipitoisuuden lisääntyessä maassa. Metaanin (CH4) päästöt ovat yleensä vähäisiä ojituksen jälkeen, kun taas hiilidioksidin (CO2) ja typpioksiduulin (N2O) päästöt erityisesti viljellyiltä turvemailta voivat olla merkittäviä. Ojitus ja sen jälkeinen maankäyttö vaikuttavat maan fysikaalisiin ominaisuuksiin ja siten alueen hydrologiaan ja maan lämmönjohtavuuteen, mikä vaikuttaa kasvihuonekaasujen muodostumiseen. Tässä tutkimuksessa mittasimme CH4- ja N2O-päästöjä ja respiraatiota (talvella lumigradientti-menetelmällä ja kasvukauden aikana kammiomenetelmällä) turvemaa-alueella Pohjois-Suomessa. Koealue sisälsi turvepellon, turvemetsän, turvetuotantoalueen ja luonnontilaisen suon. Mittasimme alueilla myös maan fysikaalisia ominaisuuksia. DRAINMOD-mallia käytettiin saatujen hydraulisen johtavuuden mittausarvojen mallinnukseen sopivuuden tarkasteluun. Maan mineraaliaineksen osuuden, ojituksen ja lämpötilan vaikutusta turpeen lämmönjohtavuuteen tutkittiin ja testattiin eräiden tunnettujen lämmönjohtavuusmallien toimivuutta. Respiraatio oli suurinta turvepellolla ja turvetuotantoalue ja pelto olivat merkittäviä N2O-lähteitä. Suo oli sulan maan aikana merkittävä CH4-lähde. Talvella turvetuotantoalue ja pelto olivat CH4-lähteitä. Tutkimus viittasi siihen, että pohjavedenpinnan nostaminen turvepellolla 60 cm tasosta 40 cm tasoon voisi vähentää kasvihuonekaasupäästöjä. Maankäyttö ennusti hydraulista johtavuutta paremmin kuin fysikaaliset parametrit. DRAINMOD-malliin tarvittiin vähintään kertaluokkaa suurempia arvoja kuin kentällä mitatut. Tutkimus viittasi maankäytön ja macrohuokosten mahdollisesti merkittävään vaikutukseen turvemaa-alueiden hydrologiassa. Lämmönjohtavuus oli korkein näytteissä, joissa mineraalimaan osuus ja kiintotiheys olivat korkeita, erityisesti sulissa näytteissä. Brovka & Rovdan- malli oli paras näiden näytteiden kuvaamiseen mutta myös de Vries-malli toimi kohtalaisen hyvin sulille näytteille. Lämmönjohtavuus oli vähemmän merkittävä maan lämpötilojen kannalta kuin maan vesipitoisuus ja kasvillisuuspeite
Hawthorne, Iain. "Impacts of biochar application to a Douglas-fir forest soil on greenhouse gas fluxes and water quality." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61373.
Full textScience, Faculty of
Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of
Graduate
Shrestha, Paliza. "Greenhouse gas fluxes and root productivity in a switchgrass and loblolly pine intercropping system for bioenergy production." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23769.
Full textMaster of Science
Menichino, Nina Marie. "The effects of restoration on biodiversity, water quality and greenhouse gas fluxes in a rich fen peatland." Thesis, Bangor University, 2015. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-effects-of-restoration-on-biodiversity-water-quality-and-greenhouse-gas-fluxes-in-a-rich-fen-peatland(de08dda4-6ffe-4932-9559-0a72c3c69480).html.
Full textHarley, James Fraser. "From source to sea : spatial and temporal fluxes of the greenhouse gases N2O, CO2 and CH4 in the river Tay catchment." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7527.
Full textBeijer, Martin, and Madeleine Skoglund. "Summer CO2 fluxes : A field study from three large lakes in Sweden." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157304.
Full textÖkande halter av CO2 i atmosfären är en bidragande faktor till klimatförändringar. För att få en bättre förståelse för de så behövs kunskap om naturliga flöden, inte enbart antropogena källor, som t.ex. förbränning av fossila bränslen som störst fokus kretsar kring. Den nuvarande kunskapsnivån om större nordiska sjöars CO2 utsläpp är begränsad, och det finns en tydlig brist i data från dessa typer av system. Målet med denna uppsats var att utforska CO2 flöden från Roxen, Glan och Vättern, tre stora sjöar i Sverige. Syftet med studien var också att jämföra olika sätt att samla in empiriskt material samt undersöka om det fanns skillnader mellan sjöarna samt de olika studerade perioderna. Flytande kammare användes för att samla in prover som mättes direkt genom en sensor, men de användes också för att ta manuella gasprover som sedan beräknade flödet av CO2 med hjälp av modeller i efterhand. Resultatet visade både på skillnader i tid och rum mellan perioderna och sjöarna. Resultatet visade även att det fanns en skillnad mellan de olika metoderna vi använde oss av, där sensor (direkta mätningar) var mellan -36 to 152 mmol m-2 d-1 och flödesberäkningarna från CC-modellen (Cole & Caraco 1998) var –29 to 58 mmol m-2 d-1.
Ensor, Breanne Leigh. "Spatial and Temporal Trends in Greenhouse Gas Fluxes from a Temperate Floodplain along a Stream-Riparian-Upland Gradient." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71424.
Full textMaster of Science
Levy-Booth, David. "Microbial functional groups involved in greenhouse gas fluxes following site preparation and fertilization of wet low-productivity forest ecosystems." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51781.
Full textForestry, Faculty of
Graduate
Kostinek, Julian Alexander Daniel [Verfasser], and André [Akademischer Betreuer] Butz. "Quantification of greenhouse gas fluxes by a new airborne laser absorption spectrometer / Julian Alexander Daniel Kostinek ; Betreuer: André Butz." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1203067550/34.
Full textArias-Navarro, Cristina [Verfasser], Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Butterbach-Bahl, and Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Rennenberg. "Spatial variability of greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes in tropical systems of East Africa: Effects of land use and topography." Freiburg : Universität, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1154385752/34.
Full textRodjom, Abbey M. "Greenhouse Gas Fluxes of Soil in a Miscanthus x giganteus Crop Grown for Cellulosic Bioenergy on Abandoned Agricultural Land." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1524837572902621.
Full textHallgren, Erik, and Olle Åman. "Methane fluxes in lakes at different spatiotemporal scales." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-159818.
Full textSjöar släpper ut växthusgasen metan (CH4) i atmosfären. Globala utsläpp från sjöar beräknas avge mer CH4 än havet, trots att sjöar har en mycket mindre global areal. Sjöar är därför viktiga komponenter för globala budgetar av CH4. Dessvärre är noggranna globala uppskattningar av sjöar svårt att göra, delvis på grund av den spatial och temporala variationen av CH4, vilket gör regionala och globala bedömningar fyllda med osäkerheter. Trots detta undersöker få studier metanflödets spatiala och temporala variabilitet. Denna studie undersöker den spatiala och temporala variabiliteten av CH4-flöden från sjöar i olika skalor. Mätningar genomfördes under två fältkampanjer i sjöarna Venasjön och Parsen som ligger i Söderköpings kommun, Sverige. För att undersöka variabiliteten i en liten skala utvecklade vi den redan använda floating chamber (FC) metoden för flödesmätningar genom att bygga två grids med sju FCs, ungefär 1m mellan varje kammare. En grid placerades vid den grunda delen vid inflödet av varje sjö och den andra vid respektive sjös djupaste del. Genom att mäta griden flera gånger varje fältkampanj kunde den spatiala och temporala variationen av flöden i olika skalor undersökas. Sammantaget fann vi signifikanta skillnader i båda sjöarnas CH4-flöden mellan fältkampanjer och grids. Våra resultat tyder också på småskaliga variationer av CH4-flöden i sjöar. Vårt hopp är att dessa resultat kan ytterligare bekräfta betydelsen av att undersöka sjöflödena i små spatiala och temporära skalor
Adjuik, Toby A. "Effects of Hydrochar, Digestate, Synthetic Fertilizer on Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Miscanthus x giganteus Grown as Advanced Biofuel Feedstock." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1557220009015982.
Full textJimmy, Sjögren, and Enhäll Elin. "Methods of measuring GHG fluxes at a full-scale Swedish WWTP: : A focus on nitrous oxide, methane and carbon dioxide in the SHARON treatment." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-138803.
Full textThieme, Christoph-Josef [Verfasser], Eckart [Akademischer Betreuer] Priesack, Eckart [Gutachter] Priesack, and Urs [Gutachter] Schmidhalter. "Measurements and modelling of energy and greenhouse gas fluxes from complex cropland ecosystems / Christoph-Josef Thieme ; Gutachter: Eckart Priesack, Urs Schmidhalter ; Betreuer: Eckart Priesack." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1185069674/34.
Full textFörster, Christoph [Verfasser], Hans Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmid, and Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Drösler. "Influence of management and restoration on greenhouse gas fluxes of a prealpine bog / Christoph Förster. Betreuer: Hans Peter Schmid. Gutachter: Matthias Drösler ; Hans Peter Schmid." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1082979961/34.
Full textDo, Phai Duy. "Quantifying organic carbon fluxes from upland peat." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/quantifying-organic-carbon-fluxes-from-upland-peat(f66901b0-b930-469e-8c33-2e480c4becd1).html.
Full textShrestha, Paliza. "Water Quality Performance And Greenhouse Gas Flux Dynamics From Compost-Amended Bioretention Systems & Potential Trade-Offs Between Phytoremediation And Water Quality Stemming From Compost Amendments." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/851.
Full textVanselow-Algan, Marion [Verfasser], and Eva-Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] Pfeiffer. "Impact of summer drought on greenhouse gas fluxes and nitrogen availability in a restored bog ecosystem with differing plant communities / Marion Vanselow-Algan. Betreuer: Eva-Maria Pfeiffer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1049281756/34.
Full textVanselow-Algan, Marion Verfasser], and Eva-Maria [Akademischer Betreuer] [Pfeiffer. "Impact of summer drought on greenhouse gas fluxes and nitrogen availability in a restored bog ecosystem with differing plant communities / Marion Vanselow-Algan. Betreuer: Eva-Maria Pfeiffer." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-66903.
Full textTchiofo, Lontsi Rodine [Verfasser], Edzo Akademischer Betreuer] Veldkamp, Edzo [Gutachter] Veldkamp, and Dirk [Gutachter] [Hölscher. "The environmental impact of selective logging in southern Cameroon: soil disturbance, nutrient budget and greenhouse gas fluxes / Rodine Tchiofo Lontsi ; Gutachter: Edzo Veldkamp, Dirk Hölscher ; Betreuer: Edzo Veldkamp." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205544836/34.
Full textTchiofo, Lontsi Rodine [Verfasser], Edzo [Akademischer Betreuer] Veldkamp, Edzo Gutachter] Veldkamp, and Dirk [Gutachter] [Hölscher. "The environmental impact of selective logging in southern Cameroon: soil disturbance, nutrient budget and greenhouse gas fluxes / Rodine Tchiofo Lontsi ; Gutachter: Edzo Veldkamp, Dirk Hölscher ; Betreuer: Edzo Veldkamp." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205544836/34.
Full textTchiofo, Lontsi Rodine Verfasser], Edzo [Akademischer Betreuer] Veldkamp, Edzo [Gutachter] Veldkamp, and Dirk [Gutachter] [Hölscher. "The environmental impact of selective logging in southern Cameroon: soil disturbance, nutrient budget and greenhouse gas fluxes / Rodine Tchiofo Lontsi ; Gutachter: Edzo Veldkamp, Dirk Hölscher ; Betreuer: Edzo Veldkamp." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1205544836/34.
Full textChan, Wai Nam 1964. "Quantificação e redução de emissões de gases de efeito estufa em uma refinaria de petroleo." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263805.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: Queima de combustíveis fósseis é a principal contribuição humana para o aquecimento global. Neste trabalho foram investigadas oportunidades de redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) para uma refinaria brasileira de petróleo, através das seguintes etapas: levantamento das estratégias de enfrentamento do problema adotadas por algumas empresas; seleção de uma metodologia de estimativa de emissões de GEE para companhias de óleo e gás; elaboração do inventário da refinaria nacional através do programa aplicativo SANGEA; e proposição de opções para gestão das emissões de GEE dessa refinaria. Combustão e práticas de flaring e venting são os maiores contribuintes das emissões de GEE da cadeia produtiva. Quatro opções de mitigação estão sendo exploradas pelas empresas: aumento da eficiência energética, redução de flaring e venting, mudança para fontes energéticas menos intensivas em carbono e seqüestro de carbono. Neste estudo foi mostrado que o SANGEA é uma ferramenta de estimativa adequada, pois a emissão total de GEE obtida apresentou uma diferença de 1% em relação ao valor estimado pela Petrobrás. Melhoria da eficiência energética é a principal oportunidade de redução de emissões. Para a refinaria estudada foram descritos futuros projetos da área energética que apresentaram um potencial de emissão evitada de 270.000 t CO2 /ano. Por outro lado, a instalação de novas unidades para adequação dos teores de enxofre da gasolina e do diesel resultará na emissão adicional de 208.000 t CO2 /ano. Portanto, o sucesso dos esforços para economizar energia pode ser anulado pelas exigências ambientais para adequação da qualidade dos produtos. Isto ressalta a necessidade dos formuladores de política estabelecer um balanço entre as novas exigências para combustíveis (com impactos locais) e a política de abatimento de CO2 (com impactos globais)
Abstract: Fossil fuel burning is the main human contribution to global warming. In this study, opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were investigated for a Brazilian oil refinery, according to the following steps: survey of climate change strategies adopted by some companies; selection of a methodology for calculating GHG emissions for the petroleum industry; development of an inventory for a national oil refinery by applying SANGEA software; and proposal of options for managing GHG emissions in this refinery. Combustion, flaring and venting are the largest contributors to GHG emissions in the production chain. Four mitigation options are being explored by companies: increasing energy efficiency, flaring and venting reduction, switching to less carbon-intensive sources of energy and carbon sequestration. It was demonstrated that SANGEA is a suitable estimation tool since the calculated total GHG emission showed 1% difference compared to Petrobras estimated value. Energy efficiency improvement is the main opportunity to reduce emissions. For the case study refinery future energy saving opportunities were described and their avoided emission estimation is 270,000 metric tonnes per year of CO2. On the other hand, new process units are required to comply with the gasoline and diesel stricter sulfur specifications, producing an additional emission of 208,000 metric tones per year of CO2. Thus, the successful energy saving efforts can be nullified by environmental requirements for fuel quality. This underlines the need for policy makers to strike a balance between new fuel requirements (with local impacts) and CO2 abatement policy (with global impacts)
Mestrado
Energia, Sociedade e Meio Ambiente
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
Schützenmeister, Klaus [Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Gansert, and Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Jungkunst. "Effects of earthworms and tree species (Fagus sylvatica L., Fraxinus excelsior L.) on greenhouse trace gas fluxes in mixed deciduous broad-leaved forests / Klaus Schützenmeister. Gutachter: Dirk Gansert ; Hermann Jungkunst. Betreuer: Dirk Gansert." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1067626654/34.
Full textMüller, Anke Katrin [Verfasser], Edzo [Akademischer Betreuer] Veldkamp, Marife [Akademischer Betreuer] Corre, and Klaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Butterbach-Bahl. "Soil greenhouse gas fluxes under elevated nutrient input along an elevation gradient of tropical montane forests in southern Ecuador / Anke Katrin Müller. Gutachter: Edzo Veldkamp ; Marife Corre ; Klaus Butterbach-Bahl. Betreuer: Edzo Veldkamp." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1060246465/34.
Full textFender, Ann-Catrin [Verfasser], Dirk [Akademischer Betreuer] Gansert, Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Leuschner, and Hermann [Akademischer Betreuer] Jungkunst. "The rhizosphere effects of Fagus sylvatica L. and Fraxinus excelsior L. saplings on greenhouse gas fluxes between soil and atmosphere / Ann-Catrin Fender. Gutachter: Dirk Gansert ; Christoph Leuschner ; Hermann Jungkunst. Betreuer: Dirk Gansert." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1044248874/34.
Full textKreba, Sleem. "LAND USE IMPACT ON SOIL GAS AND SOIL WATER TRANSPORT PROPERTIES." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/31.
Full textDebouk, Haifa. "Assessing the effect of global change on plant functional structure, greenhouse gases, and soil functions in grasslands." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/436894.
Full textEl objetivo principal de esta tesis fue investigar el efecto de los grupos funcionales de plantas sobre la estabilidad de la vegetación, los flujos de GEI y las funciones del suelo, y cómo las condiciones climáticas regulan sus interacciones. La estructura funcional de las plantas en pastos influyó la estabilidad de la vegetación, los flujos de GEI, la actividad y fertilidad del suelo, y ese efecto está regulado por el clima. El calentamiento causó la dominancia de especies oportunistas sobre las más conservadoras; reduciendo así la riqueza específica. Los rasgos funcionales tuvieron una mayor influencia en la productividad y estabilidad de las comunidades frente al efecto de la diversidad. Los flujos de GEI aumentaron en verano y disminuyeron con la altitud. La interacción entre grupos funcionales incrementó la absorción de CH4 y N2O respecto a grupos individuales. Las interacciones entre grupos funcionales favorecieron también las funciones de suelo relacionadas con el ciclo de N.
The main objective of this thesis is to investigate how plant functional types (PFT) affect vegetation stability, greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and soil functions, and how these interactions are regulated by climatic conditions. We found that plant functional structure strongly influences vegetation stability, GHG fluxes, and soil activity and fertility in grassland, but this relationship is regulated by climate. Warming lead to the dominance of acquisitive fast growing species over conservative species; thus reducing species richness. The functional traits structure in grasslands had greater influence on the productivity and stability of the community under warming, compared to diversity effects. GHG fluxes decreased with altitude- the colder the grassland site the lower the fluxes-, and increased during summer. The interaction between PFTs enhanced CH4 and N2O uptake compared to single PFTs. Also, PFT evenness and pairwise interactions between PFTs enhanced soil functions related to the N cycle.
Koks, Josephus [Verfasser], Edzo [Akademischer Betreuer] Veldkamp, Alexander [Gutachter] Knohl, and Heinz [Gutachter] Flessa. "Tropical forest conversion to rubber and oil palm plantations: landscape-scale and inter-annual variability of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and the contribution of tree-stem emissions to the soil GHG budget in Jambi province, Sumatra, Indonesia / Josephus Koks ; Gutachter: Alexander Knohl, Heinz Flessa ; Betreuer: Edzo Veldkamp." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1213096316/34.
Full textGillespie, Lauren. "Impact of tree diversity and climate change on soil microbial functioning in European forests along a latitudinal gradient." Thesis, Montpellier, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MONTG004.
Full textForest soil microorganisms are important drivers of biogeochemical cycling, influencing thus soil C sequestration, soil fertility, and the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Microbial activity is strongly affected by plant communities, their composition and diversity, and the abundance of particular species. Climate change factors such as the predicted increased droughts are susceptible to modify these plant effects. In this PhD thesis, I aimed to understand how tree species mixing and increased drought interactively influence the activity of soil microbial communities. I compared forest communities dominated by one single tree species with communities co-dominated by three different tree species in four different European forest types along a climatic gradient.By measuring different microbial processes, such as the respiration induced by different carbon substrates or denitrification activity, in soil samples collected in the different European forests, I tested the relative influence of tree species mixing through litter traits and absorptive root traits on microbial functioning. Generalized mixed-effects linear models and structural equation models showed that the soil microbial functioning was not consistently affected by tree species mixing, but it potentially had cascading effects via litter quality and the colonization rate of roots by ectomycorrhizal fungi.I then used a microcosm experiment set up in the European Ecotron in Montpellier to test how repeated drying-rewetting (DRW) cycles affect taxonomic and catabolic diversity of soil microbial communities and their functioning, and whether tree species mixing modifies these effects. I found that tree species mixing had no influence on the composition of soil microbial communities. However, despite a wide range of soil and forest types, our results showed a robust and consistent association between mixed tree species forests and higher resistance of soil microbial respiration and denitrification, as well as with lower soil microbial stress levels in response to repeated DRW cycles, a scenario expected to become more common with ongoing climate change.These results help to better understand the underlying mechanisms of how tree species mixing and DRW, predicted to become more frequent under future climatic change, affect soil microbial communities and their functioning. The data suggest that microbial communities from mono-specific forest stands resist less to increased drought than those from mixed tree species forests which may thus mitigate drought effects
D'Angelo, Benoît. "Variabialité spatio-temporelle des émissions de GES dans une tourbière à Sphaignes : effets sur le bilan carbone." Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2058/document.
Full textPeatlands cover only 2 to 3% of the land area but store between 10 and 25% of the soil carbon. The outcome of the anthropic and climatic pressure on these ecosystems is uncertain regarding their functions and storage. A better understanding of these ecosystems is needed to determine the factors and their interactions on greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. This work consist in monitoring GHG emissions and controlling factors in a Sphagnum peatland to estimate its carbon balance. Experimentation on mesocosms were carried out to explore the effect of hydrology on the fluxes and a monitoring on 4 sites was made to study the daily variability. Results show that La Guette peatland was a carbon source (-220 ± 33 gC m-2 an-1) in spite of the high water table level. The importance of the spatial variability measured in the site was also demonstrate. The hydrology effect was confirmed by the mesocosms experiments and high water table level shows that gas transport might have an effect. Finally the study of the daily variability show that the temperature sensitivity of the respiration might be different between day and night and that synchronizing soil temperatures and respiration can improve the respiration representation
Liu, Tzu-Hua, and 劉子華. "Comparative Analyses for City Greenhouse Gas Inventories." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94804106195985791047.
Full text國立交通大學
環境工程系所
103
Greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction has become an essential task for cities. Domestic and foreign cities are thus reporting their GHG inventories. However, these inventory reports are difficult to compare directly because of different guidelines, calculation methods, and selections of activity data. Therefore, this study was initiated to develop a method to compare the inventories and analyze their differences for discovering the benchmarks and exemplars in major sectors. GHG Inventory reports from domestic and foreign cities were collected. Inventory information and data were grouped by sector. Various differences were observed for every sectors. Adjusted and common emissions were determined by excluding the emissions from the items that were not commonly reported or had small quantities. Both adjusted and common emissions were used as bases for following benchmark analyses. First, the characteristics of cities and various GHG-related factors, including population density, employed population, average income, and electricity emission factors, were compared and analyzed. The amount of degree days, for analyzing climate effects on energy usages, were calculated, and regressive equations for domestic cites were established and applied to revise the benchmarks for those cities. Then, comparative analyses for each sector for their characteristics and GHG-related factors were implemented. For the industrial sector, its energy usage, employed population, gross production and water usage were analyzed. For the residential and commercial sector, its energy usage, employed population, gross production, water usage, number of households and the ratio for high-rise buildings were compared. For the transportation sector, its road area or length density, number of vehicles, vehicle kilometers traveled were analyzed. According to the results obtained from these comparative analyses and a preliminary aggregative analysis, the commercial employed population, population, number of households were selected as outputs, and the common emission was used as input, to establish indicators for evaluating the performance of major sectors in studied cities. Equations were established for determining the average and benchmark emissions of each city, the former is the typical target should be achieved and the latter is the goal to be pursued. Paradigm cities and sectors were identified based on the average and benchmark emissions. With the average and benchmark emissions and the paragons, how far their gaps to the emissions and paragons of each city were determined and discussed. Sectors with poor performance were also identified and possible policies or actions for reducing GHG emissions were suggested. The results are expected to facilitate the GHG reduction planning for cities in Taiwan.
Glenn, Aaron James. "Greenhouse gas fluxes and budget for an annual cropping system in the Red River Valley, Manitoba, Canada." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/4286.
Full textWang, Jonathan. "Methane Fluxes at a Temperate Upland Forest in Central Ontario." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33579.
Full textMüller, Anke Katrin. "Soil greenhouse gas fluxes under elevated nutrient input along an elevation gradient of tropical montane forests in southern Ecuador." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0023-9920-3.
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