Relevant bibliographies by topics / Greenhouse

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Greenhouse'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 October 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Léveillée-Dallaire, Xavier, Jasmin Raymond, Jónas Þór Snæbjörnsson, Hikari Fujii, and Hubert Langevin. "Performance Assessment of Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers under a Greenhouse in Quebec, Canada." Energies 16, no. 15 (July 25, 2023): 5596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16155596.

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Among the various approaches to agriculture, urban greenhouse farming has gained attention for its ability to address food security and disruptions to global food supply chains. However, the increasing impact of climate change and global warming necessitates sustainable methods for heating and cooling these greenhouses. In this study, we focused on the potential of slinky-coil horizontal ground heat exchangers (HGHEs) to meet the energy demands of urban greenhouses, assuming they are installed beneath the greenhouse to optimize space utilization. Climate data, an energy consumption profile for a greenhouse being designed in La Pocatière (Québec, Canada) and in-situ ground thermal properties assessments were used to build numerical models using FEFLOW and to evaluate the performance of the HGHEs simulated. Four scenarios were simulated and compared to a base case, considering the greenhouse’s maintenance of a constant temperature above an HGHE limited to the greenhouse’s dimensions. Our findings reveal that a minimum of 7.1% and 26.5% of the total heating and cooling loads of a small greenhouse (133 m2 area) can be covered by HGHEs installed at a 1.5 m depth when there is no greenhouse above. When installed under a greenhouse with a constant inside temperature of 21 °C, the coverage for heating loads increases to 22.8%, while cooling loads decrease to 24.2%. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the constant temperature in the greenhouse reduces the system’s reliance on surface temperature fluctuations for both heating and cooling, albeit with reduced efficiency for cooling.
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Rasheed, Na, Lee, Kim, and Lee. "Optimization of Greenhouse Thermal Screens for Maximized Energy Conservation." Energies 12, no. 19 (September 20, 2019): 3592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193592.

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In this work, we proposed a Building Energy Simulation (BES) dynamic climatic model of greenhouses by utilizing Transient System Simulation (TRNSYS 18) software to study the effect of use of different thermal screen materials and control strategies of thermal screens on heat energy requirement of greenhouses. Thermal properties of the most common greenhouse thermal screens were measured and used in the BES model. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of 0.84 and 0.78 showed good agreement between the computed and experimental results, thus the proposed model appears to be appropriate for performing greenhouse thermal simulations. The proposed model was used to evaluate the effects of different thermal screens including; Polyester, Luxous, Tempa, and Multi-layers, as well as to evaluate control strategies of greenhouse thermal screens, subjected to Daegu city, (latitude 35.53 °N, longitude 128.36 °E) South Korea winter season weather conditions. Obtained results show that the heating requirement of greenhouses with multi-layer night thermal screens was 20%, 5.4%, and 13.5%, less than the Polyester, Luxous, and Tempa screens respectively. Thus, our experiments confirm that the use of multi-layered thermal screen can reduce greenhouse heat energy requirement. Furthermore, screen-control with outside solar radiation at an optimum setpoint of 60 W·m−2 significantly influences the greenhouse’s energy conservation capacity, as it exhibited 699.5 MJ · m−2, the least energy demand of all strategies tested. Moreover, the proposed model allows dynamic simulation of greenhouse systems and enables researchers and farmers to evaluate different screens and screen control strategies that suit their investment capabilities and local weather conditions.
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AL-ASADI, H. H. "GREENHOUSE COST INDEX METHODOLOGY BASED ON THE DIVERSE REGIONS OF IRAQ." SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 55, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 1271–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.4.20.

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Greenhouses have become widespread structures that create an ideal microclimate for growing crops worldwide. A greenhouse is a structure that allows people to regulate climatic conditions, such as, temperature and humidity. There are many different designs of greenhouses, but generally, these buildings include large areas of transparent material to capture the light and heat of the sun. They also offer protection from unfavorable weather conditions and pests, providing a popular solution for crop production worldwide, including Iraq, which uses alternative energy sources for climate control. Using machine learning models has helped design different greenhouse types; however, their ability to predict costs and designs based on features is yet to exist. Therefore, to address these issues, this study aimed to develop cost-effective and user-friendly greenhouse systems through two different approaches: Firstly, the use of random forests (RFs) model with the highest precision (0.99) formulated the cost of the greenhouse for new input data to calculate a greenhouse cost estimate based on the system's performance as a benchmark while selecting the greenhouse's features through training and testing, and secondly, the use of the farmer's desired price as a basis for developing a greenhouse design. This scientific approach will enable the farming community to manage the costs of various aspects, such as, building materials, energy sources, climate control devices, water and fertilizer delivery, growing substrates, internal logistics, and labor. The presented research will provide farmers with a practical basis that also considers the constraints, i.e., the economy, climate, law, market, and resource availability. It will empower the farmers to make the right decisions regarding greenhouse systems with their specific requirements and circumstances.
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Park, Seok-Keun, Kil-Su Han, Min-Soon Lee, and Changsun Shin. "Implementation of IoT-based carbon-neutral modular smart greenhouse." Korean Institute of Smart Media 12, no. 5 (June 30, 2023): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30693/smj.2023.12.5.36.

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Recently, in digital agriculture, the types and utilization of greenhouses based on IoT are spreading, and greenhouses are being modernized, enlarged, and even factoryized using smart technology. However, a specific standardization plan has not been proposed according to the equipment for data collection in the smart greenhouse and the size or shape of the greenhouse. In other words, there is a lack of standard data for facility equipment, such as the type and number of sensors and equipment according to the size of the greenhouse, the type of greenhouse construction film and materials suitable for crops and carbon neutrality. Therefore, in this study, the suitability of the implementation, installation and quantity of IoT equipment for data collection was tested, and some standard technologies were presented through the implementation of data collection and communication methods. In addition, impact strength, tensile, tear, elongation, light transmittance, and lifespan issues for PE, PVC, and EVA, which account for about 90% of existing greenhouses, were presented, and the shape, size, and environmental problems of greenhouses made of films were presented. presented in the text. In this research paper, a standardized carbon-neutral modular smart greenhouse using nano-material film was implemented as a solution to environmental problems such as greenhouse size, farm crop type, greenhouse lifespan, and film, and its performance with existing greenhouses was analyzed and presented. Through this, we propose a modularized greenhouse that can be expanded or reduced freely without distinction in the size of the greenhouse or the shape of farmhouse crops, and the lifespan is extended and standardized. Finally, the average characteristics of greenhouses using existing PE, PVC, and EVA films and the characteristics of greenhouses using new carbon-neutral nanomaterials are compared and reviewed, and a plan to implement an expandable IoT greenhouse that supports carbon neutrality is proposed.
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R, Sambasivam, Gogul Ram J. K, and Jayapal M. Leela Krihnan N. Subesh Melwin S. "Automated Greenhouse." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-2, Issue-2 (February 28, 2018): 988–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd9554.

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Whittington, R., M. L. Winston, C. Tucker, and A. L. Parachnowitsch. "Plant-species identity of pollen collected by bumblebees placed in greenhouses for tomato pollination." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 84, no. 2 (April 1, 2004): 599–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p02-192.

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The seasonal variation of pollen collected from different plant species by greenhouse bumblebees was investigated to determine how frequently bumblebees forage outside of commercial tomato greenhouses. Pollen was collected from bumblebees at three greenhouses between February and September 2001 and the plant species identity of pollen collected was determined with light microscopy. A significant amount of non-tomato pollen was collected by bumblebees during one or more months from outside each of the three greenhouses studied. The bees brought back as little as an average of 5% non-tomato pollen between February and September at one greenhouse and as much as 73% during July at another. Therefore, greenhouse tomato growers are probably not obtaining maximum pollination benefit from bumblebee colonies and should address methods to reduce their foraging outside the greenhouse. Key words: Bumblebee, Bombus occidentalis, Bombus impatiens, pollen, greenhouse, tomato
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Koc-San, D., and N. K. Sonmez. "PLASTIC AND GLASS GREENHOUSES DETECTION AND DELINEATION FROM WORLDVIEW-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 21, 2016): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b7-257-2016.

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Greenhouse detection using remote sensing technologies is an important research area for yield estimation, sustainable development, urban and rural planning and management. An approach was developed in this study for the detection and delineation of greenhouse areas from high resolution satellite imagery. Initially, the candidate greenhouse patches were detected using supervised classification techniques. For this purpose, Maximum Likelihood (ML), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification techniques were applied and compared. Then, sieve filter and morphological operations were performed for improving the classification results. Finally, the obtained candidate plastic and glass greenhouse areas were delineated using boundary tracing and Douglas Peucker line simplification algorithms. The proposed approach was implemented in the Kumluca district of Antalya, Turkey utilizing pan-sharpened WorldView-2 satellite imageries. Kumluca is the prominent district of Antalya with greenhouse cultivation and includes both plastic and glass greenhouses intensively. When the greenhouse classification results were analysed, it can be stated that the SVM classification provides most accurate results and RF classification follows this. The SVM classification overall accuracy was obtained as 90.28%. When the greenhouse boundary delineation results were considered, the plastic greenhouses were delineated with 92.11% accuracy, while glass greenhouses were delineated with 80.67% accuracy. The obtained results indicate that, generally plastic and glass greenhouses can be detected and delineated successfully from WorldView-2 satellite imagery.
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Koc-San, D., and N. K. Sonmez. "PLASTIC AND GLASS GREENHOUSES DETECTION AND DELINEATION FROM WORLDVIEW-2 SATELLITE IMAGERY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B7 (June 21, 2016): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b7-257-2016.

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Greenhouse detection using remote sensing technologies is an important research area for yield estimation, sustainable development, urban and rural planning and management. An approach was developed in this study for the detection and delineation of greenhouse areas from high resolution satellite imagery. Initially, the candidate greenhouse patches were detected using supervised classification techniques. For this purpose, Maximum Likelihood (ML), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classification techniques were applied and compared. Then, sieve filter and morphological operations were performed for improving the classification results. Finally, the obtained candidate plastic and glass greenhouse areas were delineated using boundary tracing and Douglas Peucker line simplification algorithms. The proposed approach was implemented in the Kumluca district of Antalya, Turkey utilizing pan-sharpened WorldView-2 satellite imageries. Kumluca is the prominent district of Antalya with greenhouse cultivation and includes both plastic and glass greenhouses intensively. When the greenhouse classification results were analysed, it can be stated that the SVM classification provides most accurate results and RF classification follows this. The SVM classification overall accuracy was obtained as 90.28%. When the greenhouse boundary delineation results were considered, the plastic greenhouses were delineated with 92.11% accuracy, while glass greenhouses were delineated with 80.67% accuracy. The obtained results indicate that, generally plastic and glass greenhouses can be detected and delineated successfully from WorldView-2 satellite imagery.
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Liang, Zongmin, Guifeng He, Yanfeng Li, Zixuan Gao, Xiaoying Ren, Qinan Wu, Shumei Zhao, and Jing Xu. "Analysis of Wind Pressure Coefficients for Single-Span Arched Plastic Greenhouses Located in a Valley Region Using CFD." Agronomy 13, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020553.

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The wind pressure coefficient is essential for calculating the wind loads on greenhouses. The wind pressure on single-span arched greenhouses built in valleys differs from those in plain regions. To promote our understanding of wind characteristics and ensure the structural safety of greenhouses in valley areas, an analysis of the distribution law of wind pressure on greenhouses is required. Firstly, we carried out a survey on greenhouse distribution and undulate terrain distribution near greenhouses in Tibet and measured the air density in Lhasa, Tibet. Then, employing the validated realizable k-ε turbulence model and the verification of grid independence, the wind pressure on greenhouses with different greenhouse azimuths was investigated. According to the survey results, values, such as the distance between the greenhouse and the mountain in addition to the greenhouse azimuth, were also obtained for calculating the wind pressure on greenhouses placed in valleys. A calculation model considering the relationship between the mountain distance and the wind pressure coefficient is proposed, whose results fit well with the results from computational fluid dynamics. The relative errors between the two different results are within 15%. Research shows that there is a canyon wind effect in the valley area, and its effect on wind pressure should be considered in greenhouse design. This research is valuable for the design of plastic greenhouses built in Tibet or other valley regions.
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Shi, Yu Liang, Ming Dong Chen, and Min Li. "Comparing of Temperature Variation with Different Types Greenhouse." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2128.

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Greenhouse temperature of the three different types was measured under sunny winter weather conditions. The variation regularity of greenhouses temperature with outdoor temperature was studied according to the monitoring data of experimental greenhouse, which was different roof and floor structure. The results showed that the greenhouse temperature of the herringbone roof construction higher than the greenhouse of the serration roof construction; the greenhouse temperature of the serration roof construction is higher than the greenhouse of arch roof construction. Through analysis of temperature variation on the different type greenhouse, it will provide theoretical basis to construct greenhouse in different areas.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Quevedo-Martinez, Edgar Arturo. "A market assessment of greenhouse products and associated rural development in semi-arid regions of Mexico." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10828.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 103 p. : ill. (some col.), col. map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 68-69).
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Морозова, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova, and M. S. Naidenko. "Greenhouse Effect." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16015.

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Joneus, Filip, and Andreas Ellingsen. "Smart Greenhouse." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42371.

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Although automated greenhouse systems are widely used in industrial horticulture, the availability of similar, but simpler and affordable systems for residential greenhouses is low. The purpose of this project is, therefore, to design and develop a smart greenhouse system that supports standalone and remote monitoring and control of residential greenhouses. More specifically, this thesis focused on the design and implementation of the user interface and communication model of a smart greenhouse system. This project proposes a system architecture that can be used for converting a regular greenhouse into a smart greenhouse. The purpose of this is to enable users to monitor and control vital crop factors based on their needs. The resulting system is a userfriendly mobile application, a cloud-based storage service, and a responsive greenhouse system. Further development could focus on user experience and publish/subscribe distribution to achieve low power consumption.
Automatiska växthussystem används i stor utsträckning inom industriell trädgårdsodling men tillgängligheten för liknande, enklare och prisvärda system för bostadshus är låg. Syftet med detta projekt är därför att designa och utveckla ett smart växthussystem som stödjer monitorering och kontroll av mindre privata växthus. Denna avhandling fokuserar specifikt på design och implementering av ett användargränssnitt och en kommunikationsmodell för ett smart växthussystem. Detta projekt föreslår en systemarkitektur som kan användas för att konvertera ett vanligt växthus till ett smart växthus. Syftet med detta är att göra det möjligt för användare att övervaka och kontrollera viktiga grödofaktorer baserat på deras behov. Det resulterande systemet är en användarvänlig mobilapplikation, en molnbaserad lagringstjänst och ett responsivt växthussystem. En vidareutveckling av systemet kan fokusera på användarvänlighet och publish/subscribe distribution för att uppnå låg energiförbrukning.
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Suta, Adin, and Karl-Filip Selander. "Automated Greenhouse." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Inst.), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226686.

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In agriculture, growing plants is usually done with soil asthe growing medium. An alternative method for soil is usinga hydroponic system with plants submerged in water.In this thesis, a hydroponic system was built with the purposeof finding out suitable constants and loop-time of aPID controller to reach optimal pH value for plant growthof a nutrient solution, without intoxicating it. An Arduinouno micro controller was used to turn on and off a waterpump, oxygen pump and lights at certain intervals. ApH sensor was used to measure pH-levels in a tank, givingthe output from the pH-sensor as the input for thePID-controller. Depending on the output of the PID, twoservos opened valves to release either an alkaline or acidicsolution into the water reservoir. The results of the testsconducted show that it is possible to find working constantsand loop-time for the PID to successfully reach optimal pHof the water reservoir without intoxicating it.
Att odla plantor görs i regel med jord som odlingsmedium,men som alternativ kan man använda ett hydroponiskt systemmed vatten som odlingsmedium istället för jord. I dennaavhandling, har ett hydroponiskt system byggts medsyfte att hitta lämpliga konstanter och looptid till en PIDkontroller för att neutralisera pH:t i en näringsvätska utanatt medföra en giftig miljö för växterna. En Arduino unomikrokontroller har använts för att sätta på och stänga aven vattenpump, syrepump och ljus i bestämda tidsintervall.En pH-sensor användes för att mäta pH-nivåerna i envattentank, utdatan från pH-sensorn blev indatan för PIDkontrollern.Beroende på utdatan från PID-kontrollern såöppnas två servo motorer ventiler för att antingen släppaut en basisk eller en sur lösning till vattentanken. Resultatenfrån testerna visar att det är möjligt att hitta fungerandekonstanter och looptid för en PID-kontroller för attframgångsrikt neutralisera pH:t i vattnet utan att förgiftadet.
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Lacroix, René. "A framework for the design of simulation-based greenhouse control." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41652.

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The main objectives were: (1) to develop tools to aid in the design of enclosed agro-ecosystems, and (2) to use these tools to develop a prototype simulation-based control system. Three tools were developed: (1) a conceptual framework, (2) a (simulated) greenhouse system and (3) a simulation approach within OS/2.
Part of the conceptual framework was dedicated to "conscious control", defined as a form of control practised by an entity that uses models of itself in its decision-making processes. The greenhouse system was composed of six modules (a simulation manager, a weather generator, a greenhouse model, a crop model, a Pavlovian controller and a cognitive controller), which were implemented under OS/2 as separate processes.
The greenhouse system was used to develop a prototype simulation-based controller. Primarily, the role of the controller was to determine temperature setpoints that would minimize the heating load. The simulation model used by the controller was an artificial neural network. The controller adapted temperature setpoints to anticipated meteorological conditions and reduced greenhouse energy consumption, in comparison with a more traditional controller.
Generally, the results showed the feasibility and illustrated some of the advantages of using simulation-based control. The research resulted in the definition of elements that will allow the creation of a methodological framework for the design of simulation-based control and, eventually, a theory of conscious control.
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Bjørnerem, Vegard Stølen. "Low Greenhouse GasEmission Ship." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11441.

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The fleet consists of 6 LNG carriers where 3 have a loading capacity of 44 000 tons while the remaining 3 ships can lift 33 00 tons of LPG. Since the ships are set to operate at speeds between 14 and 20 knots it is necessary to upgrade the prime movers as the service speeds range from 14.5 to 16.7 knots. BW Clipper will prove to be far more effective in terms of fuel consumption compared to the other ships due to higher initial service speed and a relatively efficient engine. The fleet will operate within tramp shipping fulfilling 18 contracted orders and serving the spot market in between ordered shipments. The duration and the profitability of the orders influenced the net income. It is favorable to be committed to profitable contracted orders in recession while it is unfavorable to be bound to low rate contracted orders in prosperity. The ships were assigned to two to four contracted orders each. The fuel prices are changing rapidly and the magnitude of the variations can be vast. This impacts the shipping companies as the fuel costs are a large item of expenditure in the shipping industry. For the period between second half of 2006 and end 2007 I estimated the IFO 180 price to be 353 USD/ton, while it was 383 USD/ton in a defined prosperity level and 138 USD/ton in a defined recession level. The freight rates for the actual level, the prosperity level and the recession level were estimated to 36.5 USD/ton, 63 USD/ton and 25.7 USD respectively. The spot market potential was fully utilized at the prosperity level, 88% in the actual level while only 57.5% was utilized in the recession level.
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Li, Chi-cheong Markus, and 李志昌. "The trading of greenhouse gas." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42575485.

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McGinley, Susan. "Parasitic Wasps: Protecting Greenhouse Tomatoes." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622306.

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Kordesch, Wendy E. C. "Middle Eocene greenhouse climate instability." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2016. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/402327/.

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Understanding warm climate states is increasingly important as projections of anthropogenic climate change indicate atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations in the coming century not previously seen on Earth for tens of millions of years. The Eocene (~56-34 Ma) is a critical period in the long-term Cenozoic climate evolution, encompassing the transition from widespread greenhouse warmth and high atmospheric carbon dioxide levels pervasive during the early Eocene to an icehouse world with major Antarctic ice sheets and cooler temperatures. Increasingly, it has become apparent that global climate during this transition was not gradual; the middle Eocene is characterized by significant short-term climate variability with recent findings including both transient warming and cooling events. However, the timing, and nature of many of the climate fluctuations during this interval are poorly constrained. To this end, this thesis aims to better characterize the long-term background trends and investigate the nature of short-term transient perturbations during the greenhouse climate of the middle Eocene. In Chapter 2, new nine million year long benthic foraminiferal stable isotope records (~46 to 38 Ma) generated from recently drilled equatorial Pacific sediments with excellent age control are presented. These are the first records to document that the seven enigmatic equatorial Pacific Carbon Accumulation Events (CAEs) are not associated with transient global cooling and/or glaciation events, as previously hypothesized. Further, new carbonate accumulation records in Chapter 3 provide the first robust evidence for the presence of CAEs 3 and 4 in the Atlantic basin. Together, these findings constrain the feasibility of potential CAE forcing mechanisms and imply that there are only two viable mechanisms; (1) solute flux from continental weathering, and (2) increased organic carbon burial from marine assemblage changes. A new compilation (including new and published records) of carbonate accumulation records from a paleodepth transect (2-4 km) in the Atlantic and Pacific basins provides the first multi-basin look at deep-sea carbonate burial at high temporal resolution across the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum global warming event (~40 Ma). New CCD and lysocline interpretations reveal for the first time that multiple rapid fluctuations (< 100 kyrs) and extreme lysocline shoaling (reaching > 2 km water depth) are superimposed on long-term trends. This finding implies multiple pulses of carbon input to the ocean–atmosphere system during the MECO and provides critical time constraints to potential forcing mechanisms, which have so far remained elusive. In the final Chapter 4, new lithological and geochemical data from the Atlantic and Pacific Basins are presented which reveal the global nature of the transient ‘C19r event’ (~41.5 Ma) and confirm that the event meets the criteria to be defined as a ‘hyperthermal’. Further, analyses of the stable isotope datasets suggests that the C19r event was not exceptional and is one (albeit the most extreme) of a large number of transient ‘warming’ events throughout the middle Eocene, adding to the growing body of data implying that hyperthermal occurrence is pervasive outside of the very warm late Paleocene and early Eocene.
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Li, Chi-cheong Markus. "The trading of greenhouse gas." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42575485.

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Books on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Greenhouse gardener. New York: Arco, 1985.

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Shelton, David. Greenhouse gardener. London: Octopus, 1985.

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G, Stanhill, and Enoch Herbert Z, eds. Greenhouse ecosystems. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999.

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Ray, Waite, and Royal Horticultural Society, eds. The small greenhouse. 3rd ed. London: Cassell, [for the] Royal Horticultural Society, 1989.

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The commercial greenhouse. 3rd ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning, 2008.

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Ray, Waite, ed. The small greenhouse. 4th ed. London: Royal Horticultural Society, 1991.

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The commercial greenhouse. 2nd ed. Albany, NY: Delmar, 1996.

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Greenhouse gardening. Ramsbury, Marlborough, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press, 2012.

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Belogolovskiĭ, Vladimir. Greenhouse. Ekaterinburg: Tatlin, 2009.

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G, Channon A., Martin, R. A., B. Sc., and Newbold J. W, eds. The complete book of the greenhouse. 5th ed. London: Ward Lock, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouses and protected cropping structures." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 11–29. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0002.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on greenhouses and protected cropping structures. Topics covered are glasshouses and plastic greenhouses, closed and semi-closed greenhouse structures, passive solar greenhouses, sustainable greenhouse design, cladding materials, screen houses, net houses, shade houses, rain covers and other structures, screen and shade nets, low tunnels and high tunnels, hot beds and cold frames greenhouses, floating mulches, row covers, cloche covers, direct covers and frost cloth, greenhouse site planning, windbreaks, outdoor hydroponic systems, and controlled-environment agriculture.
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Morgan, Lynette. "Greenhouses and protected cropping structures." In Hydroponics and protected cultivation: a practical guide, 11–29. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789244830.0011.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on greenhouses and protected cropping structures. Topics covered are glasshouses and plastic greenhouses, closed and semi-closed greenhouse structures, passive solar greenhouses, sustainable greenhouse design, cladding materials, screen houses, net houses, shade houses, rain covers and other structures, screen and shade nets, low tunnels and high tunnels, hot beds and cold frames greenhouses, floating mulches, row covers, cloche covers, direct covers and frost cloth, greenhouse site planning, windbreaks, outdoor hydroponic systems, and controlled-environment agriculture.
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Whyte, Ian D. "The Greenhouse Effect and Greenhouse Gases." In Climatic Change and Human Society, 63–87. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003173496-4.

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Harkiolakis, Nicholas. "Greenhouse Gases." In Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1309–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28036-8_393.

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Gerth van Wijk, Roy, Liu Liu, and Nicolette W. de Jong. "Greenhouse Workers." In Kanerva’s Occupational Dermatology, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40221-5_212-1.

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Kaltenegger, Lisa. "Greenhouse Effect." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_673-3.

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Reddy, P. Parvatha. "Greenhouse Technology." In Sustainable Crop Protection under Protected Cultivation, 13–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-952-3_2.

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Buder, Irmgard. "Greenhouse Gases." In Encyclopedia of Sustainable Management, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02006-4_298-1.

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Kaltenegger, Lisa. "Greenhouse Effect." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1018. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_673.

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Sonneveld, Cees, and Wim Voogt. "Greenhouse Horticulture." In Plant Nutrition of Greenhouse Crops, 1–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2532-6_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Kruger, Sunita, and Leon Pretorius. "Comparison of the Indoor Climate in Multi-Span and Detached Greenhouses With Various Ventilator Configurations." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-67304.

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This paper investigates and compares the indoor climate of detached and connected greenhouses. More specifically, the effect of additional greenhouses on indoor climate of first greenhouse was studied. The indoor velocity and temperature distributions in the greenhouses were numerically analyzed using computation fluid dynamics. The initial two greenhouses were first separated by a distance of 4m between them, and equipped with continuous side ventilators opened at 45°. Secondly, the distance between the first and second four span greenhouse was increased to 8m. Lastly a second row of side ventilators were added above the first row of ventilators. Results found that a connected greenhouse with multiple spans might be detrimental to the spans in the middle, as the air movement is significantly reduced. Adding a separate greenhouse on the leeward side with side ventilators also influences the flow to some extent, especially in the third and fourth spans of the first greenhouse. If this distance is increased, the influence is especially noticeable at the back vents of the first greenhouse, where strong currents of air are sucked in. A second row of side ventilators affects the flow, resulting in an increased heterogeneity in the first two spans. Flow is still homogeneous throughout the third and fourth spans, although the air velocity is slightly lower compared to a greenhouse containing only a singe side ventilator. The presence of a second greenhouse can reduce the advantage double side ventilators might have on the indoor climate of the first four span greenhouse.
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Hernandez Castillo, Gianella. "Greenhouse Gases." In MOL2NET 2017, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 3rd edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-03-04592.

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Calderon, Alisson, António Mota, Christophe Hopchet, Cristina Grabulosa, Mathias Roeper, Abel Duarte, Benedita Malheiro, et al. "Balcony Greenhouse." In TEEM 2017: 5th International Conference Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3144826.3145361.

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Bhuvaneswari, Thangavel, and Joshua Tan Hong Yao. "Automated greenhouse." In 2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Manufacturing Automation (ROMA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/roma.2014.7295887.

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Hegazy, Anwar, Alison Subiantoro, and Stuart Norris. "Closed Greenhouse Heating in an Arid Egyptian Winter Using Earth-Air Heat Exchangers." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-69509.

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Abstract In cold climate regions, closed greenhouses with minimal ventilation minimize the energy requirement for heating compared to open-ventilated greenhouses. In this paper, a model of a closed greenhouse with Earth-Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) heating is presented and simulations are performed using climate data of a representative day of the coldest month of the year (i.e. January) at the case study location, Hurghada, Egypt. A comparison is made between a closed greenhouse with and without EAHE heating. The simulations show that without heating the greenhouse interior temperature drops below the minimum temperature for cultivation (20°C) during the early and late hours of the day. Furthermore, at midday the temperature inside the greenhouse exceeded the maximum temperature for cultivation (30°C). The results showed that EAHE enabled the greenhouse interior to be maintained at a temperature suitable for plant cultivation, cooling during the day and warming at night. Further, the variability in relative humidity was reduced from 35% to 15%, simplifying the control of the humidity within the greenhouse. Additional simulations that cover the winter period (November to February), demonstrated that the EAHE is a viable sustainable method for temperature regulation without any requirement for additional heating.
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Amin, Majdi T., and J. Kelly Kissock. "Dynamic Modeling and Verification of an Energy-Efficient Greenhouse With Aquaponics." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59180.

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This paper describes the application of ‘passive house’ design principles to greenhouses, in order to provide the required thermal environment for fish and plant growth while eliminating the need for conventional cooling and heating systems. To do so, an experimental energy-efficient greenhouse with water-filled tanks that mimic an aquaponic system was designed and constructed using the ‘passive house’ design principles. The greenhouse was extensively instrumented and resulting data were used to verify and calibrate a TRNSYS dynamic simulation model of the greenhouse. The calibrated simulation model was utilized to design commercial-scale greenhouses with aquaponic systems in multiple climates. After relatively minor design and control modifications, the simulations indicate that these designs can provide the required thermal environment for fish and plant growth, while eliminating the need for conventional cooling and heating systems. The work demonstrates that the passive house standard can be applied to improve conventional greenhouse energy efficiency, and that it can be easily adapted to provide excellent performance in diverse climates.
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Azhar, Muhammad Raees Armughan, Muhammad Hamid, Muhammad Hamza Irfan, Muhammad Awais, Umar Shahbaz Khan, and Ayesha Zeb. "Automated greenhouse system." In 2019 2nd International Conference on Communication, Computing and Digital systems (C-CODE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/c-code.2019.8681013.

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E. Reiss, D.R. Mears, and A.J. Both. "Greenhouse Floor Heating." In 2003, Las Vegas, NV July 27-30, 2003. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.15028.

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E. Reiss, A.J. Both, and D.R. Mears. "Greenhouse Floor Heating." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.17092.

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Nemčík, Ján, Edvin Mako, and Tibor Krajčovič. "Smart Indoor Greenhouse." In ECBS 2021: 7th Conference on the Engineering of Computer Based Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3459960.3461558.

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Reports on the topic "Greenhouse"

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Meade, Roger. Operation Greenhouse. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1805714.

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Rayner, S. (Limiting the greenhouse effect). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6328050.

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Fulkerson, W. (Limiting the greenhouse effect). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6328067.

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Booth, W. H., and S. Caesar. Greenhouse Earth: A Traveling Exhibition. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6914254.

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Jacoby, H. D., and R. G. Prinn. Greenhouse gas indices. Final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/656485.

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Schwartz, Stephen E. Tutorial Papers on Greenhouse Effect. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1571401.

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Seginer, Ido, Daniel H. Willits, Michael Raviv, and Mary M. Peet. Transpirational Cooling of Greenhouse Crops. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7573072.bard.

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Background Transplanting vegetable seedlings to final spacing in the greenhouse is common practice. At the time of transplanting, the transpiring leaf area is a small fraction of the ground area and its cooling effect is rather limited. A preliminary modeling study suggested that if water supply from root to canopy is not limiting, a sparse crop could maintain about the same canopy temperature as a mature crop, at the expense of a considerably higher transpiration flux per leaf (and root) area. The objectives of this project were (1) to test the predictions of the model, (2) to select suitable cooling methods, and (3) to compare the drought resistance of differently prepared seedlings. Procedure Plants were grown in several configurations in high heat load environments, which were moderated by various environmental control methods. The difference between the three experimental locations was mainly in terms of scale, age of plants, and environmental control. Young potted plants were tested for a few days in small growth chambers at Technion and Newe Ya'ar. At NCSU, tomato plants of different ages and planting densities were compared over a whole growing season under conditions similar to commercial greenhouses. Results Effect of spacing: Densely spaced plants transpired less per plant and more per unit ground area than sparsely spaced plants. The canopy temperature of the densely spaced plants was lower. Air temperature was lower and humidity higher in the compartments with the densely spaced plants. The difference between species is mainly in the canopy-to-air Bowen ratio, which is positive for pepper and negative for tomato. Effect of cooling methods: Ventilation and evaporative pad cooling were found to be effective and synergitic. Air mixing turned out to be very ineffective, indicating that the canopy-to-air transfer coefficient is not the limiting factor in the ventilation process. Shading and misting, both affecting the leaf temperature directly, proved to be very effective canopy cooling methods. However, in view of their side effects, they should only be considered as emergency measures. On-line measures of stress: Chlorophyll fluorescence was shown to accurately predict photosynthesis. This is potentially useful as a rapid, non-contact way of assessing canopy heat stress. Normalized canopy temperature and transpiration rate were shown to correlate with water stress. Drought resistance of seedlings: Comparison between normal seedlings and partially defoliated ones, all subjected to prolonged drought, indicated that removing about half of the lowermost leaves prior to transplanting, may facilitate adjustment to the more stressful conditions in the greenhouse. Implications The results of this experimental study may lead to: (1) An improved model for a sparse canopy in a greenhouse. (2) A better ventilation design procedure utilizing improved estimates of the evaporation coefficient for different species and plant configurations. (3) A test for the stress resistance of transplants.
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Punning, J. M., M. Ilomets, A. Karindi, M. Mandre, V. Reisner, A. Martins, A. Pesur, H. Roostalu, and H. Tullus. Estonian greenhouse gas emissions inventory report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/362596.

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Kostalova, M., J. Suk, and S. Kolar. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Czechoslovakia. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10140597.

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Blandford, David, and TIm Josling. Greenhouse Gas Reduction Policies and Agriculture. Geneva, Switzerland: International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.7215/ag_ib_20090801.

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