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Journal articles on the topic 'GREENER APPROACH'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Patni, Neha, Shruti Agarwal, and Pallav Shah. "Greener Approach towards Corrosion Inhibition." Chinese Journal of Engineering 2013 (August 29, 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/784186.

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Corrosion control of metals is technically, economically, environmentally, and aesthetically important. The best option is to use inhibitors for protecting metals and alloys against corrosion. As organic corrosion inhibitors are toxic in nature, so green inhibitors which are biodegradable, without any heavy metals and other toxic compounds, are promoted. Also plant products are inexpensive, renewable, and readily available. Tannins, organic amino acids, alkaloids, and organic dyes of plant origin have good corrosion-inhibiting abilities. Plant extracts contain many organic compounds, having polar atoms such as O, P, S, and N. These are adsorbed on the metal surface by these polar atoms, and protective films are formed, and various adsorption isotherms are obeyed. Various types of green inhibitors and their effect on different metals are mentioned in the paper.

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Alam, Prawez, Faiyaz Shakeel, Abuzer Ali, Mohammed H. Alqarni, Ahmed I. Foudah, Tariq M. Aljarba, Faisal K. Alkholifi, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, and Amena Ali. "Simultaneous Determination of Caffeine and Paracetamol in Commercial Formulations Using Greener Normal-Phase and Reversed-Phase HPTLC Methods: A Contrast of Validation Parameters." Molecules 27, no. 2 (January 9, 2022): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020405.

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There has been no assessment of the greenness of the described analytical techniques for the simultaneous determination (SMD) of caffeine and paracetamol. As a result, in comparison to the greener normal-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique, this research was conducted to develop a rapid, sensitive, and greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach for the SMD of caffeine and paracetamol in commercial formulations. The greenness of both techniques was calculated using the AGREE method. For the SMD of caffeine and paracetamol, the greener normal-phase and reversed-phase HPTLC methods were linear in the 50–500 ng/band and 25–800 ng/band ranges, respectively. For the SMD of caffeine and paracetamol, the greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach was more sensitive, accurate, precise, and robust than the greener normal-phase HPTLC technique. For the SMD of caffeine paracetamol in commercial PANEXT and SAFEXT tablets, the greener reversed-phase HPTLC technique was superior to the greener normal-phase HPTLC approach. The AGREE scores for the greener normal-phase and reversed-phase HPTLC approaches were estimated as 0.81 and 0.83, respectively, indicated excellent greenness profiles for both analytical approaches. The greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach is judged superior to the greener normal-phase HPTLC approach based on numerous validation parameters and pharmaceutical assays.

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3

Hendricks, Robert C., Dennis M. Bushnell, and Dale T. Shouse. "Aviation Fueling: A Cleaner, Greener Approach." International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2011 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/782969.

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Projected growth of aviation depends on fueling where specific needs must be met. Safety is paramount, and along with political, social, environmental, and legacy transport systems requirements, alternate aviation fueling becomes an opportunity of enormous proportions. Biofuels—sourced from halophytes, algae, cyanobacteria, and “weeds” using wastelands, waste water, and seawater—have the capacity to be drop-in fuel replacements for petroleum fuels. Biojet fuels from such sources solve the aviation CO2emissions issue and do not compete with food or freshwater needs. They are not detrimental to the social or environmental fabric and use the existing fuels infrastructure. Cost and sustainable supply remain the major impediments to alternate fuels. Halophytes are the near-term solution to biomass/biofuels capacity at reasonable costs; they simply involve more farming, at usual farming costs. Biofuels represent a win-win approach, proffering as they do—at least the ones we are studying—massive capacity, climate neutral-to-some sequestration, and ultimately, reasonable costs.

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4

Shah, Pranay S., and Karan M. Nigudkar. "KERS - A Greener Approach to Braking." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering 4, no. 9 (September 25, 2017): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23488360/ijme-v4i9p102.

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5

Birdwhistell, Kurt R., Andy Nguyen, Eric J. Ramos, and Robert Kobelja. "Acylation of Ferrocene: A Greener Approach." Journal of Chemical Education 85, no. 2 (February 2008): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed085p261.

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6

Alqarni, Mohammed H., Faiyaz Shakeel, Wael A. Mahdi, Ahmed I. Foudah, Tariq M. Aljarba, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, and Prawez Alam. "A Greener Stability-Indicating High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Approach for the Estimation of Topiramate." Materials 15, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 1731. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051731.

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Despite various reported analytical methods for topiramate (TPM) analysis, greener analytical approaches are scarce in literature. As a consequence, the objective of the current research is to design a normal-phase stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatography (SI-HPTLC) methodology for TPM analysis in marketed tablet dosage forms that is rapid, sensitive, and greener. TPM was derivatized densitometrically and analyzed at 423 nm in visible mode with anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid as the derivatizing agent. The greener SI-HPTLC technique was linear in the 30–1200 ng band−1 range. In addition, the suggested SI-HPTLC methodology for TPM analysis was simple, rapid, cheaper, precise, robust, sensitive, and environmentally friendly. The greener SI-HPTLC method was able to detect TPM along with its degradation products under acid, base, and oxidative degradation conditions. However, no TPM degradation was recorded under thermal and photolytic stress conditions. TPM contents in commercial tablet dosage forms were recorded as 99.14%. Using 12 different principles of green analytical chemistry, the overall analytical GREEnness (AGREE) score for the greener SI-HPTLC method was calculated to be 0.76, confirming the proposed normal-phase SI-HPTLC method’s good greener nature. Overall, these results demonstrated that the suggested SI-HPTLC technique for TPM measurement in pharmaceutical products was reliable and selective.

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7

Morton, Chester M., Richard J. Pope, Richard A. Reinhold, Bart Kraakman, Steve Mess, and Chad Dunn. "Columbus Discovers a Greener Odor Control Approach." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2010, no. 3 (January 1, 2010): 671–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864710802768046.

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8

Gangurde, S. A., K. S. Laddha, and S. V. Joshi. "A GREENER APPROACH TO SYNTHESIS OF DIACEREIN." INDIAN DRUGS 56, no. 04 (April 28, 2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.56.04.11784.

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Diacerein, also known as diacetylrhein (1,8-diacetoxy-3-carboxyanthraquinone), is a slow-acting active pharmaceutical ingredient of the anthraquinone class used to treat joint diseases such as osteoarthritis (swelling and pain in the joints). It works by inhibiting interleukin-1 beta and demonstrates anti-arthritic activity without inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. Diacerein-containing medications are registered in some European Union and Asian countries and are included as a treatment option on several international therapeutic guidelines. Different approaches have been reported for the synthesis of this compound. Many approaches have been reported for preparation of diacerein specially employing reagents like hexavalent chromium compounds which are toxic and effluent-unfriendly. We report herein synthesis of diacerein, a potent antiarthritic ingredient, by employing a greener chemical method and also synthesis of acetyl vanillic acid by employing similar scheme having same functional groups.

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9

Zahran, Magdy Kandil, and Hanan Basioni Ahmed. "A greener approach for full flax bleaching." Journal of the Textile Institute 101, no. 7 (June 21, 2010): 674–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00405000902745547.

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10

McCarthy, Sean M., and Scott W. Gordon-Wylie. "A Greener Approach for Measuring Colligative Properties." Journal of Chemical Education 82, no. 1 (January 2005): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed082p116.

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11

Haq, Nazrul, Faiyaz Shakeel, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Prawez Alam, Saleh A. Alanazi, and Sultan Alshehri. "Greener Stability-Indicating HPLC Approach for the Determination of Curcumin in In-House Developed Nanoemulsion and Curcuma longa L. Extract." Separations 10, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10020098.

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Despite the fact that several analytical methodologies have been reported for the determination of curcumin (CCM) in a wide range of sample matrices, the greener liquid chromatographic approaches to determine CCM are scarce in the literature. Therefore, this research is designed to develop and validate a greener stability-indicating “high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)” methodology to determine CCM in an in-house developed nanoemulsion, Curcuma longa L. extract, and commercial tablets. CCM was measured on a Nucleodur (150 mm × 4.6 mm) RP C18 column with 5 µm-sized particles. Ethanol and ethyl acetate (83:17 v/v) made up the greener eluent system, which was pumped at a flow speed of 1.0 mL/min. At a wavelength of 425 nm, CCM was detected. The greener HPLC methodology was linear in the 1–100 µg/mL range, with a determination coefficient of 0.9983. The greener HPLC methodology for CCM estimation was also rapid (Rt = 3.57 min), accurate (%recoveries = 98.90–101.85), precise (%CV = 0.90–1.11), and sensitive (LOD = 0.39 µg/mL and LOQ = 1.17 µg/mL). The AGREE approach predicted the AGREE score of 0.81 for the established HPLC technique, indicating an outstanding greenness profile. The utility of the greener HPLC methodology was demonstrated by determining CCM in the in-house developed nanoemulsion, Curcuma longa extract, and commercial tablets. The % amount of CCM in the in-house developed nanoemulsion, Curcuma longa extract, and commercial tablets was found to be 101.24%, 81.15%, and 78.41%, respectively. The greener HPLC methodology was able to detect its degradation product under various stress conditions, suggesting its stability-indication characteristics. These results suggested that CCM in developed nanoemulsion, plant extract samples, and commercial tablets may be routinely determined using the greener HPLC methodology.

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12

Alqarni, Mohammed H., Faiyaz Shakeel, Tariq M. Aljarba, Maged S. Abdel-Kader, Hala H. Zaatout, Sultan Alshehri, and Prawez Alam. "Determination of Colchicine in Pharmaceutical Formulations, Traditional Extracts, and Ultrasonication-Based Extracts of Colchicum autumnale Pleniflorum (L.) Using Regular and Greener HPTLC Approaches: A Comparative Evaluation of Validation Parameters." Plants 11, no. 13 (July 3, 2022): 1767. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11131767.

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In the literature, there is a scarcity of greener analytical approaches for colchicine (CLH) analysis. As a result, efforts were made in this study to develop and validate a greener reversed-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique for CLH analysis in traditional extracts (TE) and ultrasonication-based extracts (UBE) of commercial Unani formulations, commercial allopathic formulations, and Colchicum autumnale Pleniflorum (L.) obtained from Egypt and India. This new technique was compared to the regular normal-phase HPTLC method. The greenness profile of both methods was estimated using the Analytical GREENness (AGREE) approach. In the 100–600 and 25–1200 ng/band ranges, regular and greener HPTLC procedures were linear for CLH analysis, respectively. For CLH analysis, the greener HPTLC method was more sensitive, accurate, precise, and robust than the regular HPTLC method. For CLH analysis in TE and UBE of commercial Unani formulations, commercial allopathic formulations, and C. autumnale obtained from Egypt and India, the greener HPTLC method was superior in terms of CLH content compared to the regular HPTLC method. In addition, the UBE procedure was superior to the TE procedure for both methods. The AGREE scores for regular and greener reversed-phase HPTLC methods were found to be 0.46 and 0.75, respectively. The AGREE results showed excellent greener profile of the greener HPTLC method over the regular HPTLC technique. Based on several validation criteria and pharmaceutical assay findings, the greener HPTLC method is regarded as superior to the regular HPTLC approach.

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13

Mariani, David. "Are human health and environmental health inextricably linked?" Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 35 (May 11, 2023): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2023.2594.

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ONE HEALTH approach, coined by FAO, perfectly sums up a concept that is strongly emerging in the international scientific community. The environment (especially greenery and trees) plays a decisive role in human health and in wellbeing. A change in the development model that takes these issues into account, starting with the design of greener and more sustainable cities, appears necessary and urgent, given that in 2050 approximately 70% of the world’s population will live in large cities.

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14

Greener, Mark. "Inclisiran: A new approach to lowering lipids." Independent Nurse 2021, no. 10 (October 2, 2021): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/indn.2021.10.6.

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15

Bashaw, Walter G., Karen Harrison, Ashley Owens, Neal D. Stubblefield, and Carl V. Huber. "BIO-FILTERS: A “GREENER” APPROACH TO ODOR CONTROL." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2004, no. 13 (January 1, 2004): 254–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864704784137774.

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16

Gazzi, Thais P., Luiz A. Basso, Diógenes S. Santos, and Pablo Machado. "A greener approach toward gadolinium-based contrast agents." RSC Adv. 4, no. 19 (2014): 9880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00272e.

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17

Arora, Deepika, Jaya Dwivedi, Sudesh Kumar, and Dharma Kishore. "Greener approach toward the generation of dimedone derivatives." Synthetic Communications 48, no. 2 (December 14, 2017): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00397911.2017.1387924.

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18

Ghosh, S., S. Mohanty, A. Akcil, L. B. Sukla, and A. P. Das. "A greener approach for resource recycling: Manganese bioleaching." Chemosphere 154 (July 2016): 628–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.04.028.

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19

Varma, Rajender S. "Greener approach to nanomaterials and their sustainable applications." Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering 1, no. 2 (May 2012): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2011.12.002.

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20

Cendon, Eva, Anita Mörth, and Andrea Mangiatordi. "Making European collaboration greener: The ONE meeting approach." European Journal of University Lifelong Learning 6, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.53807/06027d4f.

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21

Foudah, Ahmed I., Faiyaz Shakeel, Mohammed H. Alqarni, Abuzer Ali, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, and Prawez Alam. "Determination of Thymol in Commercial Formulation, Essential Oils, Traditional, and Ultrasound-Based Extracts of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare Using a Greener HPTLC Approach." Molecules 27, no. 4 (February 9, 2022): 1164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27041164.

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In the literature, greener analytical approaches for determining thymol in its commercial formulations, plant-based phytopharmaceuticals, and biological fluids are scarce. As a result, the goal of this study is to develop and validate a normal-phase “high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)” method for determining thymol in commercial formulations, essential oils, traditional extracts (TE), and ultrasound-based extracts (UBE) of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare obtained from various geographical regions. The greener mobile phase for thymol analysis was a binary combination of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (85:15, v/v). The derivatized densitometric analysis of thymol was carried out under visible mode at 530 nm utilizing anisaldehyde-sulfuric acid as a derivatizing/visualizing agent. In the 10–2000 ng/band range, the greener normal-phase HPTLC method was linear. Furthermore, for thymol analysis, the proposed analytical approach was simple, quick, inexpensive, accurate, precise, robust, sensitive, and greener. The thymol contents in commercial formulation were computed as 7.61% w/w. In general, the thymol contents were maximum in essential oils of T. vulgaris and O. vulgare compared to the other sample matrices studied. The thymol contents of TE of T. vulgaris and O. vulgare of different geographical regions were significantly low compared to their UBE extract. Using 12 distinct components of green analytical chemistry, the overall “analytical GREEnness (AGREE)” scale for the proposed analytical approach was computed 0.79, showing the good greener nature of the proposed analytical approach. Overall, the greener normal-phase HPTLC technique was found to be reliable for determining thymol in commercial formulations and plant-based phytopharmaceuticals.

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Zarei, Mohammad Hossein, Ruth Carrasco-Gallego, and Stefano Ronchi. "To greener pastures." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 39, no. 11 (December 9, 2019): 1193–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-12-2018-0703.

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Purpose While humanitarian supply chains (HSCs) inherently contribute to social sustainability by alleviating the suffering of afflicted communities, their unintended adverse environmental impact has been overlooked hitherto. This paper draws upon contingency theory to synthesize green practices for HSCs, identify the contingency factors that impact on greening HSCs and explore how focal humanitarian organizations (HOs) can cope with such contingency factors. Design/methodology/approach Deploying an action research methodology, two-and-a-half cycles of collaboration between researchers and a United Nations agency were completed. The first half-cycle developed a deductive greening framework, synthesizing extant green practices from the literature. In the second and third cycles, green practices were adopted/customized/developed reflecting organizational and contextual contingency factors. Action steps were implemented in the HSC for prophylactics, involving an operational mix of disaster relief and development programs. Findings First, the study presents a greening framework that synthesizes extant green practices in a suitable form for HOs. Second, it identifies the contingency factors associated with greening HSCs regarding funding environment, stakeholders, field of activity and organizational management. Third, it outlines the mechanisms for coping with the contingency factors identified, inter alia, improving the visibility of headquarters over field operations, promoting collaboration and resource sharing with other HOs as well as among different implementing partners in each country, and working with suppliers for greener packaging. The study advances a set of actionable propositions for greening HSCs. Practical implications Using an action research methodology, the study makes strong practical contributions. Humanitarian practitioners can adopt the greening framework and the lessons learnt from the implementation cycles presented in this study. Originality/value This is one of the first empirical studies to integrate environmental sustainability and HSCs using an action research methodology.

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23

Espro, Claudia, and Daily Rodríguez-Padrón. "Re-thinking organic synthesis: Mechanochemistry as a greener approach." Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry 30 (August 2021): 100478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cogsc.2021.100478.

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Ferguson, Jamie L., John D. Holbrey, Shieling Ng, Natalia V. Plechkova, Kenneth R. Seddon, Alina A. Tomaszowska, and David F. Wassell. "A greener, halide-free approach to ionic liquid synthesis." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (December 8, 2011): 723–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-07-21.

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Conventionally, ionic liquids with anions generated from simple organic acids are prepared following a metathetic procedure from a halide salt, usually a chloride. Here, we describe an efficient means of generating hydroxide solutions of the cations of interest, allowing many ionic liquids to be produced by simple acid–base reactions, completely avoiding the use of halides.

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25

Montes, Ingrid, David Sanabria, Marilyn García, Joaudimir Castro, and Johanna Fajardo. "A Greener Approach to Aspirin Synthesis Using Microwave Irradiation." Journal of Chemical Education 83, no. 4 (April 2006): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed083p628.

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Albert, Océane, Thomas C. Nardelli, Barbara F. Hales, and Bernard Robaire. "Identifying Greener and Safer Plasticizers: A 4-Step Approach." Toxicological Sciences 161, no. 2 (August 2, 2017): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfx156.

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Ghosh, Pranab, and Amitava Mandal. "Greener approach toward one pot route to pyrazine synthesis." Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews 5, no. 2 (June 2012): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2011.585182.

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Shome, Sanchari, and Surya Prakash Singh. "Reactions in Water – A Greener Approach Using Ruthenium Catalysts." Chemical Record 19, no. 9 (December 7, 2018): 1935–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcr.201800142.

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Gomez, Federico J. V., Magdalena Espino, María A. Fernández, and María F. Silva. "A Greener Approach to Prepare Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents." ChemistrySelect 3, no. 22 (June 11, 2018): 6122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201800713.

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Hammad, Hagar, Yara Hossam, Mohamed Mahmoud, and Irene S. Fahim. "Egypt's Approach and Initiatives Towards Greener Future: Policy Paper." iRASD Journal of Energy & Environment 4, no. 2 (December 17, 2023): 101–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.52131/jee.2023.0402.0039.

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Climate change as a matter had little attention of public debate, especially in developing countries, until the recent floods caused by the dragon storms in the Middle East and the forest fires in the Mediterranean. Egypt, being strategically crucial in Africa, the Mediterranean, and the Arab world, with strong connections to other countries, aimed to go from promises to action and to discover real answers to climate change by building on past COPs. The administration assumed a more prominent role by coordinating the 27th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP27). People started to realize that this is not something only happening elsewhere in the world. Egypt took the initiative; Challenges have been assessed to reach suitable mitigation approaches, and Egypt's first NDC has been issued to meet the global agenda. Egypt's vision was to accelerate global climate action at the UNFCCC 27th Conference of the Parties (COP 27) through emissions reduction, advanced adaptation, and enhanced flow of appropriate finance, prioritizing developing countries worldwide.

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Sajid, Sajid, Salem Alzahmi, Nouar Tabet, Yousef Haik, and Ihab M. Obaidat. "Fabricating Planar Perovskite Solar Cells through a Greener Approach." Nanomaterials 14, no. 7 (March 28, 2024): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14070594.

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High-quality perovskite thin films are typically produced via solvent engineering, which results in efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Nevertheless, the use of hazardous solvents like precursor solvents (N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylformamide (DMF), gamma-butyrolactone (GBL)) and antisolvents (chlorobenzene (CB), dibutyl ether (DEE), diethyl ether (Et2O), etc.) is crucial to the preparation of perovskite solutions and the control of perovskite thin film crystallization. The consumption of hazardous solvents poses an imminent threat to both the health of manufacturers and the environment. Consequently, before PSCs are commercialized, the current concerns about the toxicity of solvents must be addressed. In this study, we fabricated highly efficient planar PSCs using a novel, environmentally friendly method. Initially, we employed a greener solvent engineering approach that substituted the hazardous precursor solvents with an environmentally friendly solvent called triethyl phosphate (TEP). In the following stage, we fabricated perovskite thin films without the use of an antisolvent by employing a two-step procedure. Of all the greener techniques used to fabricate PSCs, the FTO/SnO2/MAFAPbI3/spiro-OMeTAD planar device configuration yielded the highest PCE of 20.98%. Therefore, this work addresses the toxicity of the solvents used in the perovskite film fabrication procedure and provides a promising universal method for producing PSCs with high efficiency. The aforementioned environmentally friendly approach might allow for PSC fabrication on an industrial scale in the future under sustainable conditions.

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Fann, Jean-Christophe, and Jasenka Rakas. "Methodology for Environmental Sustainability Evaluation Of Airport Development Alternatives." International Journal of Applied Logistics 4, no. 4 (October 2013): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijal.2013100102.

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This study develops a new approach for the evaluation of greener airport systems. The proposed concepts demonstrate how to implement greener practices from the early stages of an airport infrastructure project in an economically rational and stakeholder-focused manner. Objectives of the proposed methodology are two-fold: (1) to promote greener design practices among airport planners, designers, and managers, and (2) to institute active communication among all airport stakeholders. The study contributes to the state of the knowledge in airport environmental management by proposing the combination of five distinct considerations: (1) the evaluation of environmental sustainability with a focus on the planning and design stages of airport facilities, (2) a procedure for screening and ranking alternatives, (3) examples of applicable performance criteria, objectives and indicators with sample scoring procedures, (4) a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach combined with cost and utility functions, and (5) a flexible implementation strategy to enable end-users to adjust the complexity of the evaluation. This study is intended to open a discussion for the development of a methodological tool that fulfills aims of promoting greener airport design, while at the same time satisfactorily addressing stakeholder concerns.

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Bohra, Hassan, and Mingfeng Wang. "Direct C–H arylation: a “Greener” approach towards facile synthesis of organic semiconducting molecules and polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 23 (2017): 11550–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta00617a.

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Sharotri, Nidhi, and Dhiraj Sud. "A greener approach to synthesize visible light responsive nanoporous S-doped TiO2 with enhanced photocatalytic activity." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 3 (2015): 2217–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nj01422g.

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Byrne, Fergal P., Bart Forier, Greet Bossaert, Charly Hoebers, Thomas J. Farmer, and Andrew J. Hunt. "A methodical selection process for the development of ketones and esters as bio-based replacements for traditional hydrocarbon solvents." Green Chemistry 20, no. 17 (2018): 4003–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc01132j.

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Sharma, Shobhana, Poonam Yadav, Seema, Suman Kumari, and Mamta Ranka. "MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS OF SCHIFF BASE AND MIXED LIGAND COMPLEXES OF Cr(III): COMPARISON WITH CONVENTIONAL METHOD AND ANTIMICROBIAL STUDIES." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 16, no. 02 (2023): 884–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2023.1628228.

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The Sustainable/Greener approach is prioritized over the conventional approach because of its environment-friendly, less time-consuming, less energy-consuming, less hazardous compounds synthesis, and low expenditure. Using a greener approach involving the use of microwave, Cr complexes were synthesized from Schiff base and various bidentate ligands and compared with conventional methods. Condensing 2-amino pyridine and isatin produced Schiff base. Complexes of Cr(III) were synthesized by using some bio-potent secondary ligands with Schiff base. Both Schiff base and complexes were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, magnetic moment analysis, elemental investigation, etc. The synthesized compounds will be further used for biological evaluation that can be further used in drugs and agrochemical design.

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Kaur, Khushwinder, Shivani Uppal, Ravneet Kaur, Jyoti Agarwal, and Surinder Kumar Mehta. "Energy efficient, facile and cost effective methodology for formation of an inclusion complex of resveratrol with hp-β-CD." New Journal of Chemistry 39, no. 11 (2015): 8855–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj00924c.

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Alqarni, Mohammed H., Prawez Alam, Aftab Alam, Abuzer Ali, Ahmed I. Foudah, Sultan Alshehri, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, and Faiyaz Shakeel. "A Greener HPTLC Approach for the Determination of β-Carotene in Traditional and Ultrasound-Based Extracts of Different Fractions of Daucus carota (L.), Ipomea batatas (L.), and Commercial Formulation." Agronomy 11, no. 12 (November 30, 2021): 2443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122443.

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Various analytical approaches for determining β-carotene in vegetable crops and commercial dosage forms have been documented. However, neither the qualitative nor quantitative environmental safety and greener aspects of the literature analytical methodologies of β-carotene analysis have been assessed. As a result, the goal of this research is to develop and validate a reversed-phase “high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)” approach for determining β-carotene in traditional (TE) and ultrasound-assisted (UBE) extracts of different fractions of Daucus carota (L.), Ipomea batatas (L.), and commercial formulation. The greener mobile phase for β-carotene analysis was a ternary mixture of ethanol, cyclohexane, and ammonia (95:2.5:2.5, v v v−1). The detection of β-carotene was done at a wavelength of 459 nm. In the 25–1000 ng band−1 range, the greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach was linear. Other validation factors for β-carotene analysis, including as accuracy, precision, robustness, and sensitivity, were likewise dependable. The contents of β-carotene were found to be maximum in hexane: acetone (50:50%) fractions of TE and UBE of D. carota and I. batatas compared to their acetone and hexane fractions. The amount of β-carotene in hexane: acetone (50:50%) portions of TE of D. carota, I. batatas and commercial formulation A was estimated to be 10.32, 3.73, and 6.73 percent w w−1, respectively. However, the amount of β-carotene in hexane: acetone (50:50%) portions of UBE of D. carota, I. batatas and commercial formulation A was estimated to be 11.03, 4.43, and 6.89 percent w w−1, respectively. The greenness scale for the proposed HPTLC strategy was calculated as 0.81 using the “analytical GREEnness (AGREE)” method, indicating that the proposed HPTLC methodology has good greenness. The UBE approach for extracting β-carotene outperformed the TE procedure. These results indicated that the greener reversed-phase HPTLC approach can be utilized for the determination of β-carotene in different vegetable crops, plant-based phytopharmaceuticals, and commercial products. In addition, this approach is also safe and sustainable due to the utilization of a greener mobile phase compared to the toxic mobile phases utilized in literature analytical approaches of β-carotene estimation.

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Alam, Prawez, Faiyaz Shakeel, Mohammed H. Alqarni, Ahmed I. Foudah, Tariq M. Aljarba, Aftab Alam, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Sultan Alshehri, and Muzaffar Iqbal. "Determination of Cordycepin Using a Stability-Indicating Greener HPTLC Method." Separations 10, no. 1 (January 8, 2023): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/separations10010038.

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A wide range of analytical techniques have been reported to determine cordycepin (CDN) in various sample matrices. Nevertheless, greener analytical approaches for CDN estimation are scarce in the literature. As a result, this study was designed to develop and validate a stability-indicating greener “high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)” technique for CDN determination in a laboratory-developed formulation. The greener eluent system for CDN detection was ethanol–water (75:25 v/v). At a wavelength of 262 nm, CDN was measured. The greenness scale of the proposed analytical technology was derived using the “Analytical GREENness (AGREE)” approach. The proposed stability-indicating HPTLC assay was linear for CDN analysis in the 50-1000 ng/band range with a determination coefficient of 0.9978. The proposed analytical technique for CDN analysis was simple, rapid, accurate, precise, robust, selective, stability-indicating, and greener. The AGREE score for the proposed stability-indicating HPTLC technique was calculated to be 0.79 using the AGREE calculator. The current protocol was able to detect CDN degradation products under various stress conditions, indicating its stability-indication characteristics and selectivity. The AGREE quantitative score indicated that the stability-indicating current protocol had outstanding greener characteristics. The amount of CDN in the laboratory-developed formulation was determined to be 98.84%, indicating the suitability of the current protocol in the assay of CDN in the formulations. These results suggested that CDN in a laboratory-developed formulation may be regularly determined using the stability-indicating greener HPTLC strategy.

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Beškovnik, Bojan. "An approach to greener overseas transport chain planning in FVL." Pomorstvo 35, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31217/p.35.1.16.

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The article deals with a very topical issue of environmental suitability of complex transport chains. Overseas transport chains in finished vehicle logistics (FVL) consist of a series of transport routes in which they successively combine rail, road and sea transport. It is necessary to know the input parameters and their impact on the operation of FVL, especially with the aim of evaluating the air pollutants produced and the energy efficiency (EE) achieved. The article gives a systematic approach in defining input parameters and their evaluation for efficient green transport chain planning. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated on an ongoing FVL of the export flow of luxury vehicles from Europe to Asian markets. Transport chains from four production sites in Central Europe to two loading ports in Koper and Bremerhaven, and in maritime RO-RO transport to four Asian unloading ports are analyzed. The results of the study show the need for more comprehensive planning of export FVL, including environmental assessment at the planning stage. Significant savings in energy consumption and reduction in GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions can be achieved by shifting cargo flows to the southern transportation route. The article enriches the current research on sustainable operation of FVL and provides applied results for infrastructural adaptation of the southern transport route.

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Branny, Artur, Maja Steen Møller, Silviya Korpilo, Timon McPhearson, Natalie Gulsrud, Anton Stahl Olafsson, Christopher M. Raymond, and Erik Andersson. "Smarter greener cities through a social-ecological-technological systems approach." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 55 (April 2022): 101168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2022.101168.

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Blackburn, Richard S., and Stephen M. Burkinshaw. "A greener approach to cotton dyeings with excellent wash fastness." Green Chemistry 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2002): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b111026h.

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Yoon, Tehshik P., Michael A. Ischay, and Juana Du. "Visible light photocatalysis as a greener approach to photochemical synthesis." Nature Chemistry 2, no. 7 (June 23, 2010): 527–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.687.

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Mishra, Prabhakar, Brij Kishore Tyagi, Natarajan Chandrasekaran, and Amitava Mukherjee. "Biological nanopesticides: a greener approach towards the mosquito vector control." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 25, no. 11 (July 18, 2017): 10151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9640-y.

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Silveiro, Clara, Vasco D. B. Bonifácio, José V. Prata, Alexandra I. Costa, and Patrícia D. Barata. "Towards Greener Mechanosynthesis of Functional Calixarenes." Chemistry Proceedings 3, no. 1 (November 14, 2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-24-08405.

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The awareness of sustainability led to increasing global demand for processes that use lower energy, produce reduced waste, use fewer organic solvents, and offer improved selectivity. In this context, mechanochemistry re-emerged as a powerful green methodology. The conventional synthesis and functionalization of calixarenes, both on the upper and lower rim, has been the subject of numerous studies but only a few were reported using a mechanochemical approach. Herein, we present new mechanically assisted key synthetic steps towards a more sustainable route to calix[4]arenes functionalized in the lower rim.

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Nthunya, Lebea N., Sebastiaan Derese, Leonardo Gutierrez, Arne R. Verliefde, Bhekie B. Mamba, Tobias G. Barnard, and Sabelo D. Mhlanga. "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using one-pot and microwave-assisted methods and their subsequent embedment on PVDF nanofibre membranes for growth inhibition of mesophilic and thermophilic bacteria." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 10 (2019): 4168–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj06160b.

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Kapitanov, Illia V., Andrew Jordan, Yevgen Karpichev, Marcel Spulak, Lourdes Perez, Andrew Kellett, Klaus Kümmerer, and Nicholas Gathergood. "Synthesis, self-assembly, bacterial and fungal toxicity, and preliminary biodegradation studies of a series ofl-phenylalanine-derived surface-active ionic liquids." Green Chemistry 21, no. 7 (2019): 1777–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00030e.

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Neves de Farias, Larissa Bello, Gregorio Guadalupe Carbajal-Arízaga, Luis Guilherme Giannina Sante, Luciane Effting, Juliana Aparecida Correa da Silva Fernandes, and Alesandro Bail. "Nanoflakes of chloride zinc–iron–aluminum-based layered double hydroxides obtained from industrial waste: a green approach to mass-scale production." RSC Advances 11, no. 29 (2021): 17760–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra01201k.

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Singh, Dileep Kumar, and Rajesh Kumar. "Clauson–Kaas pyrrole synthesis using diverse catalysts: a transition from conventional to greener approach." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 19 (June 27, 2023): 928–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.19.71.

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Pyrrole is an important aromatic heterocyclic scaffold found in many natural products and predominantly used in pharmaceuticals. Continuous efforts are being made to design and synthesize various pyrrole derivatives using different synthetic procedures. Among them, the Clauson–Kaas reaction is a very old and well-known method for synthesizing a large number of N-substituted pyrroles. In recent years, due to global warming and environmental concern, research laboratories and pharmaceutical industries around the world are searching for more environmentally friendly reaction conditions for synthesizing compounds. As a result, this review describes the use of various eco-friendly greener protocols to synthesize N-substituted pyrroles. This synthesis involves the reaction of various aliphatic/aromatic primary amines, and sulfonyl primary amines with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in the presence of numerous acid catalysts and transition metal catalysts. The goal of this review is to summarize the synthesis of various N-substituted pyrrole derivatives using a modified Clauson–Kaas reaction under diverse conventional and greener reaction conditions.

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Wijaya, Salsabila Amarra, and Tirta Nugraha Mursitama. "The Implementation of Triple Bottom Line on CSR Effort Toward Sustainable Development: Case Study Starbucks Greener Nusantara." E3S Web of Conferences 388 (2023): 03018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338803018.

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This research discusses Starbucks Indonesia's Greener Nusantara program as a Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in responding to the phenomenon of plastic waste that is currently an issue of sustainable development. This research aims to describe and examine the implementation of Starbucks Greener Nusantara's CSR program at Starbucks Coffee Banjarmasin toward sustainable development from the perspective of the Triple Bottom Line. This research focuses on Archie B. Carroll's pyramid of CSR and is measured through the perspective of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Theory by John Elkington. This research used the descriptive qualitative approach with a case study and triangulation methods to prove the primary data obtained from observation and interviews and secondary data analysis obtained from relevant books and journals and websites, news, reports, and documents. This research shows that the Starbucks Greener Nusantara program has implemented CSR through the economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic aspects. However, this program has not fully achieved the people (social) aspect of the TBL, and the Greener Nusantara program still requires more promotion to the local community at Starbucks Coffee Banjarmasin outlets. The practical implications of this research are to improve the main objectives of the Greener Nusantara program and achieve profit (economic), people (social), and planet (environment) sustainability at Starbucks Coffee Banjarmasin. This research also encourages further action among governments, MNCs, society, and other actors to collaborate to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and encourage companies to measure their overall CSR success periodically.

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