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Journal articles on the topic 'Green Synthesis of Nitrogen Containing Heterocyclic Compounds'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

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1

Popovics-Tóth, Nóra, and Erika Bálint. "Multicomponent Synthesis of Potentially Biologically Active Heterocycles Containing a Phosphonate or a Phosphine Oxide Moiety." Acta Chimica Slovenica 69, no. 4 (December 15, 2022): 735–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17344/acsi.2022.7648.

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Several multicomponent synthetic approaches were elaborated for plenty of novel nitrogen or oxygen heterocycles containing a phosphonate or a phosphine oxide moiety. All multicomponent reactions were optimized through a model reaction in respect of the heating mode, molar ratio of the starting materials, atmosphere, catalyst, temperature, reaction time and solvent applied, and then, the extended preparation of small libraries of structurally-related compounds was performed. Most of the reactions could be considered as “green syntheses”, as they were carried out in the absence of any catalyst and/or solvent using microwave (MW) irradiation or even at ambient temperature. The scaling-up of a MW-assisted synthesis was also elaborated in a continuous flow MW system. Altogether more than 150 heterocyclic organophosphorus compounds were synthesized, among them several derivatives showed moderate or promising activity against the HL-60 cell line and Bacillus subtilis bacteria.

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2

Banewar, Vishal. "Green Synthesis andIn VitroBiological Evaluation of Heteroaryl Chalcones and Pyrazolines of Medicinal Interest." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/542973.

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Pyrazolines are well known and important nitrogen containing 5-membered heterocyclic compounds. In the present investigation, a series of various heteroaryl chalcones and pyrazolines were synthesized by condensing formylquinolines with diverse ketones. The newly synthesized 2-pyrazolines were characterized on the basis of elemental analysis and spectroscopic data. All of the newly synthesized target compounds were selected by the NCI forin vitrobiological evaluation. These active compounds exhibited broad spectrum of various biological activities. Most of the compounds showed potent activity.

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3

Campos, Joana F., and Sabine Berteina-Raboin. "Greener Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles in Water, PEG, and Bio-Based Solvents." Catalysts 10, no. 4 (April 14, 2020): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10040429.

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The solvents used in chemistry are a fundamental element of the environmental performance of processes in corporate and academic laboratories. Their influence on costs, health safety, and nature cannot be neglected. Quantitatively, solvents are the most abundant constituents of chemical transformations; therefore, acting on solvents and replacing standard solvents with safer products can have a great ecological impact. However, not all green solvents are suitable for the wide scope of organic chemistry reactions. A second point to consider is that 50% of pharmaceutical drugs are nitrogen heterocycles compounds. It therefore appeared important to provide an overview of the more ecological methodologies for synthesizing this class of compounds. In this review, all publications since 2000 that describe green reactions leading to the formation of nitrogen heterocycles using safe solvents were considered. We chose water, PEG, and bio-based solvents for their negligible toxicity. The synthesis of five-, six-, and seven-membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles using green reactions reported in the literature to date is described.

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4

García-Báez, Efrén V., Itzia I. Padilla-Martínez, Feliciano Tamay-Cach, and Alejandro Cruz. "Benzothiazoles from Condensation of o-Aminothiophenoles with Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives: A Review." Molecules 26, no. 21 (October 28, 2021): 6518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216518.

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Nowadays, organic chemists are interested in the field of heterocyclic chemistry due to its use in the synthesis of a great variety of biologically active compounds. Heterocyclic compounds are widely found in nature and are essential for life. Among these, some natural nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds have been used as chemotherapeutic agents. Their attachment to sugar molecules either as thioglycosides or as nucleosides analogues plays an important role in vital biological processes as well as in synthetic organic chemistry. Molecules containing benzothiazole (BT) nuclei are of this interesting class of compounds because some of them have been found to have a wide variety of biological activities. In this sense, we selected this topic to review and to then summarize the procedures related to the condensation reactions of o-aminothiophenoles (ATPs) as well as their disulfides with carboxylic acids, esters, orthoesters, acyl chlorides, amides, and nitriles. The condensation reactions with carbon dioxide (CO2) are included. Conventional methods with the use of acid and metal catalysts as well as recent green techniques, such as microwave irradiation, the use of ionic liquids, and ultrasound (US) chemistry, which have proven to have many advantages, were found in the review.

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5

Vlocskó, R. Bernadett, Guoshu Xie, and Béla Török. "Green Synthesis of Aromatic Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles by Catalytic and Non-Traditional Activation Methods." Molecules 28, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 4153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104153.

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Recent advances in the environmentally benign synthesis of aromatic N-heterocycles are reviewed, focusing primarily on the application of catalytic methods and non-traditional activation. This account features two main parts: the preparation of single ring N-heterocycles, and their condensed analogs. Both groups include compounds with one, two and more N-atoms. Due to the large number of protocols, this account focuses on providing representative examples to feature the available methods.

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6

Kaur, Navjeet. "Ionic Liquid Promoted Eco-friendly and Efficient Synthesis of Six-membered Npolyheterocycles." Current Organic Synthesis 15, no. 8 (December 17, 2018): 1124–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179415666180903102542.

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Background: The synthesis of N-polyheterocycles by environmentally benign method is highly attractive but challenging proposition. New strategies have been developed for the preparation of polycyclic heterocycles in the last decades. In this review article, the synthesis of nitrogen containing six-membered polycyclic heterocyclic compounds is presented with the application of ionic liquids. This contribution focuses on the literature related to the total synthesis of six-membered N-polyheterocycles. Objective: Ionic liquids not only acted as environmentally benign reaction media but also as catalysts which afforded the very promising replacements of traditional molecular solvents in organic chemistry due to their stability, non-flammability, non-volatility and ease of recyclability. Ionic liquids are utilized in metal catalyzed reactions in place of organic solvents in the last years. It has attracted considerable attention in recent years. Ionic liquids acted as alternatives of organic solvents and these ILs are environment friendly. Conclusion: In the area of green chemistry ionic liquid assisted synthesis is a very promising technique which afforded a flexible platform for the formation of heterocycles. The influence of ILs on the development of efficient and new synthetic protocols over the last decade for the construction of N-polyheterocycles is featured in this review article. These synthetic strategies will continue to attract more attention and will find a wide range of applications in organic synthesis. In conclusion, ionic liquids assisted syntheses have become an efficient and powerful tool in organic chemistry quickly.

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7

Kumar, Avinash, Sunanda Saxena, Ajay Verma, and Shashi Bhooshan Tiwari. "SYNTHESIS OF DIFFERENT OXADIAZOLES: A CRITICAL REVIEW." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine 8, no. 5 (May 30, 2023): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/ijpsm.2023.v08i05.014.

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Oxadiazoles are an interesting class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds containing two atoms of nitrogen and one atom of oxygen [1]. Their lipophilicity is a key property that affects a drug's ability to arrive at the focus by trans-membrane diffusion, and their action against benign tuberculosis by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis is highly promising. This review was emphasized on the synthesis of different oxadiazoles with scheme. For the same, a detailed literature survey was done. Antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, antiepileptic, antiallergic, anticancer, anti-tubercular, and insecticidal actions are just few of the many biological effects shown by 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. The Green Chemistry Program was launched in 1991 by the Environmental Protection Agency and the National Science Foundation. A joint effort between J.C. To lessen or do away with chemical dangers and environmental degradation, Warner has developed twelve key principles of green chemistry. It is necessary to create new medications for the treatment of pain and inflammation without the frequent adverse effects of NSAIDs (gas, bloating, heartburn, ulcer, stomach discomfort). In conclusion, the oxadiazole derivatives are more effective than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in treating pain and inflammation-induced arthritis. The compounds of 1,3,4-oxadiazole were synthesized using microwave assistance technique.

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8

Bayat, Mohammad, and Shima Nasri. "Modified Kappa-Carrageenan as a Heterogeneous Green Catalyst for the Synthesis of Nitrogen and Sulfur-Containing Indenone-Fused Heterocyclic Compounds." Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry 55, no. 3 (January 15, 2018): 650–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhet.3083.

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9

Sharma, Pratibha, Raakhi Gupta, and Raj Kumar Bansal. "Recent advances in organocatalytic asymmetric aza-Michael reactions of amines and amides." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 17 (October 18, 2021): 2585–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.17.173.

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Nitrogen-containing scaffolds are ubiquitous in nature and constitute an important class of building blocks in organic synthesis. The asymmetric aza-Michael reaction (aza-MR) alone or in tandem with other organic reaction(s) is an important synthetic tool to form new C–N bond(s) leading to developing new libraries of diverse types of bioactive nitrogen compounds. The synthesis and application of a variety of organocatalysts for accomplishing highly useful organic syntheses without causing environmental pollution in compliance with ‘Green Chemistry” has been a landmark development in the recent past. Application of many of these organocatalysts has been extended to asymmetric aza-MR during the last two decades. The present article overviews the literature published during the last 10 years concerning the asymmetric aza-MR of amines and amides catalysed by organocatalysts. Both types of the organocatalysts, i.e., those acting through non-covalent interactions and those working through covalent bond formation have been applied for the asymmetric aza-MR. Thus, the review includes the examples wherein cinchona alkaloids, squaramides, chiral amines, phase-transfer catalysts and chiral bifunctional thioureas have been used, which activate the substrates through hydrogen bond formation. Most of these reactions are accompanied by high yields and enantiomeric excesses. On the other hand, N-heterocyclic carbenes and chiral pyrrolidine derivatives acting through covalent bond formation such as the iminium ions with the substrates have also been included. Wherever possible, a comparison has been made between the efficacies of various organocatalysts in asymmetric aza-MR.

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10

Aronica, Laura Antonella, and Gianluigi Albano. "Supported Metal Catalysts for the Synthesis of N-Heterocycles." Catalysts 12, no. 1 (January 9, 2022): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12010068.

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Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are important scaffolds for a large number of compounds with biological, pharmaceutical, industrial and optoelectronic applications. A wide range of different methodologies for the preparation of N-heterocycles are based on metal-catalyzed cyclization of suitable substrates. Due to the growing interest in Green Chemistry criteria over the past two decades, the use of supported metal catalysts in the preparation of N-heterocycles has become a central topic in Organic Chemistry. Here we will give a critical overview of all the solid supported metal catalysts applied in the synthesis of N-heterocycles, following a systematic approach as a function of the type of support: (i) metal catalysts supported on inorganic matrices; (ii) metal catalysts supported on organic matrices; (iii) metal catalysts supported on hybrid inorganic-organic matrices. In particular, we will try to emphasize the effective heterogeneity and recyclability of the described metal catalysts, specifying which studies were carried out in order to evaluate these aspects.

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11

Depa, Navaneetha, and Harikrishna Erothu. "SYNTHESIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS: A REVIEW." RASAYAN Journal of Chemistry 15, no. 03 (2022): 1709–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31788/rjc.2022.1536924.

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Heterocyclic chemistry has a broad spectrum of applications in our day-to-day life. Heterocyclic compounds contain hetero atoms like oxygen, nitrogen, and sulphur in their structure. Among these atoms, a wide variety of heterocyclic moieties with nitrogen as hetero atoms have considerable physiological properties and useful medical applications. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are considered a significant category due to their broad therapeutic applications like antibacterial, antimalarial, anticancer, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, etc., this review article focuses on novel moieties of indole, pyrazole, and triazole compounds and its biological importance

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12

Campanati, M., A. Vaccari, and O. Piccolo. "Environment-friendly synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds." Catalysis Today 60, no. 3-4 (July 2000): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0920-5861(00)00345-x.

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13

Caiazzo, Aldo, Shadi Dalili, C. Picard, M. Sasaki, T. Siu, and A. K. Yudin. "New methods for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds." Pure and Applied Chemistry 76, no. 3 (January 1, 2004): 603–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200476030603.

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Due to frequent occurrence of nitrogen-containing groups among the biologically active compounds, chemoselective functionalization of organic molecules with nitrogen-containing functional groups is an important area of organic synthesis. We have proposed and implemented a new strategy toward design of nitrogen-transfer reactions on inert electrode surfaces with a particular focus on the generation and trapping of highly reactive nitrogen-transfer agents. A wide range of structurally dissimilar olefins can be readily transformed into the corresponding aziridines. The resulting aziridines are precursors to a range of catalysts via nucleophilic ring-opening with diaryl- and dialkyl phosphines. Another strategy explored in the context of oxidative nitrogen transfer is cycloamination of olefins using NH aziridines.

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14

Dighe, Varsha A., and Rohini R. Pujari. "Synthesis of some Sulphur and Nitrogen containing Heterocyclic Compounds." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 7, no. 1 (2017): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2231-5691.2017.00004.1.

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15

Moiseev, I. K., M. N. Zemtsova, and N. V. Makarova. "Synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds based on?-haloketones (review)." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 30, no. 7 (July 1994): 745–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01169628.

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16

Omar, Rebaz, Pelin Koparir, and Metin Koparir. "SYNTHESIS OF 1,3-THIAZOLE DERIVATIVES." INDIAN DRUGS 58, no. 01 (April 30, 2021): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.58.01.12427.

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Many heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atom are used in drug development. Thiazole is one of the most important heterocyclic compounds in drug design, which contains sulfur and nitrogen atom. Different site reactions in thiazole compounds extend to new drug synthesis and plays an important role in medicinal chemistry. Thiazole and derivatives are found to possess widely biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-consulsant, anti-HIV, anti-hypertensive, anti-Alzheimer, anti-oxidant and anthelmintic. The aim of this review is to corroborate procedures which are available for the synthesis 1,3-thiazole derivatives

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17

Cano, Jessica R. Gutiérrez, Julio López, Miguel A. Vázquez, David Cruz Cruz, and Clarisa Villegas Gómez. "Trienamines for the Organocatalytic Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles." Current Organic Chemistry 23, no. 10 (August 16, 2019): 1078–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272823666190617164651.

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Nitrogen-containing heterocycles (NCH), constitute an important group of molecules, which are widely extended in whole chemical space. These compounds are of great interest due to their diverse biological activities. Currently, many compounds derived from NCH are used as powerful drugs for the treatment of diseases ranging from bactericides to anticancer agents. During last decade, the enantioselective synthesis of numerous heterocyclic compounds has been achieved through the use of chiral organocatalysts. The present contribution explores the application of the aminocatalysis towards the synthesis of NCH, particularly through the trienamine catalysis.

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18

Kashman, Yoel, Amira Rudi, and Doron Pappo. "Recent heterocyclic compounds from marine invertebrates: Structure and synthesis." Pure and Applied Chemistry 79, no. 4 (January 1, 2007): 491–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200779040491.

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A large variety of unique heterocyclic natural marine products, without terrestrial counterparts, have been isolated from marine invertebrates, mainly sponges, ascidians, and soft corals. Many of these compounds display interesting biological activity. In this review, we report our recent studies on nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds ("alkaloids"), as well as some containing sulfur and oxygen, which have been isolated from Red Sea and Indo-Pacific organisms, and discuss progress on the synthesis of these natural products and structural analogs.

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19

De Salvo, Alex, Raffaella Mancuso, and Xiao-Feng Wu. "Carbonylative synthesis and functionalization of indoles." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 20 (April 30, 2024): 973–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.20.87.

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Carbonylation processes have become widely recognized as a versatile, convenient, and low-cost method for the synthesis of high-value compounds. Given the great importance of heterocyclic compounds, the carbonylative approach has become increasingly important for their synthesis. In this mini-review, as a class of benzo-fused nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, we summarized and discussed the recent achievements on the synthesis and functionalization of indole derivatives via carbonylative approaches.

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20

Chainikova, Ekaterina, Rustam Safiullin, Leonid Spirikhin, and Alexey Erastov. "Synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds by photooxidation of aromatic azides." Tetrahedron Letters 54, no. 17 (April 2013): 2140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.02.036.

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21

Demchenko, A. M., V. A. Yanchenko, V. V. Kisly, and M. S. Lozinskii. "Use of Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide in Synthesis of Nitrogen-containing Heterocyclic Compounds." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 41, no. 5 (May 2005): 668–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10593-005-0200-x.

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22

Chanderiya, Aayushi, Gowhar A. Naikoo, Ratnesh Das, Israr U. Hassan, Sushil K. Kashaw, and Sadanand Pandey. "Recent Advances in Metal Nanoparticles for the Synthesis of N-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 5 (2021): 949–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23140.

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Heterocyclic compounds are indispensable organic structures because of their promising potential applications in medicinal, pharmaceutical and other related fields of chemistry. Exploring these heterocyclic compounds by evaluating metal nanoparticles as efficient nanocatalysts have attracted the researchers over the past decades, due to their stability, recyclability, reusability rather than conventional catalysts. Most of the nano-catalyzed organic reactions are taking place in benign and under green conditions. In this mini-review, we have documented synthesis of some of the recent N-containing heterocyclic compounds by utilizing advanced nanoparticles as effective catalysts. It has been concluded that exercising these nanocatalysts for the synthesis of N-containing heterocyclic compounds not only enhanced the yield of the product but has extensively increased the selectivity of the desired products via greener approach.

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23

Yang, Anran, Xue Miao, Liu Yang, Chao Xu, Wei Liu, Mo Xian, and Huibin Zou. "N-Amidation of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds: Can We Apply Enzymatic Tools?" Bioengineering 10, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10020222.

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Amide bond is often seen in value-added nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which can present promising chemical, biological, and pharmaceutical significance. However, current synthesis methods in the preparation of amide-containing N-heterocyclic compounds have low specificity (large amount of by-products) and efficiency. In this study, we focused on reviewing the feasible enzymes (nitrogen acetyltransferase, carboxylic acid reductase, lipase, and cutinase) for the amidation of N-heterocyclic compounds; summarizing their advantages and weakness in the specific applications; and further predicting candidate enzymes through in silico structure-functional analysis. For future prospects, current enzymes demand further engineering and improving for practical industrial applications and more enzymatic tools need to be explored and developed for a broader range of N-heterocyclic substrates.

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24

Naito, Takeaki. "Heterocycle synthesis via radical reactions." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 4 (January 1, 2008): 717–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880040717.

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A novel synthetic method for the preparation of nitrogen-containing heterocycles via the route involving domino-type radical addition/cyclization reaction of oxime ethers is described. Alkyl radical addition/cyclization of oxime ethers carrying an appropriate leaving group proceeded smoothly to form the alkylated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds. Additionally, tin-mediated radical addition/cyclization/elimination (RACE) reaction of oxime ethers is newly found and successfully applied to an asymmetric total synthesis of (-)-martinellic acid.

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25

Frank, Éva, and György Szőllősi. "Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles as Significant Molecular Scaffolds for Medicinal and Other Applications." Molecules 26, no. 15 (July 30, 2021): 4617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154617.

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26

Zhu, Yannan, and You Huang. "Organocatalyzed [3+3] Annulations for the Construction of Heterocycles." Synthesis 52, no. 08 (February 5, 2020): 1181–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690810.

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Six-membered heterocyclic systems are widely distributed in many natural products and pharmaceuticals, and the construction of highly functionalized six-membered heterocyclic compounds is an important topic in modern organic synthesis. Organocatalyzed [3+3] annulations represents an important method for assembling a substantial variety of six-membered cycles that contain one or more heteroatoms. This review describes the development of organocatalyzed [3+3] annulations for the synthesis of six-membered heterocycles, including organocatalysis using secondary amines, tertiary amines, phosphines, chiral phosphoric acids and N-heterocyclic carbenes.1 Introduction2 Secondary Amine Catalyzed [3+3] Annulations2.1 Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles2.2 Synthesis of Oxygen Heterocycles2.3 Synthesis of Sulfur Heterocycles3 Tertiary Amine Catalyzed [3+3] Annulations3.1 Catalysis through Multiple Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions3.2 Catalysis of Tertiary Amines as Lewis Bases4 Phosphine-Catalyzed [3+3] Annulations4.1 Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles4.2 Synthesis of Oxygen Heterocycles4.3 Synthesis of Heterocycles Containing Two or More Heteroatoms5 Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed [3+3] Annulations5.1 Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles5.2 Synthesis of Heterocycles Containing Two or More Heteroatoms6 N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed [3+3] Annulations6.1 Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles6.2 Synthesis of Oxygen Heterocycles6.3 Synthesis of Heterocycles Containing Two or More Heteroatoms7 Conclusion and Outlook

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27

Shaikh, Ansar R., Mazahar Farooqui, R. H. Satpute, and Syed Abed. "Overview on Nitrogen containing compounds and their assessment based on ‘International Regulatory Standards’." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6-s (December 21, 2018): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6-s.2156.

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Heterocyclic compounds have a role in most fields of sciences such as medicinal chemistry, biochemistry also another area of sciences. More than 90% of new drugscontain heterocycles and the interface between chemistry and biology, at which so much new scientific insight, discovery and application is taking place is crossed by heterocyclic compounds. Compounds derived from heterocyclic rings in pharmacy, medicine, agriculture, plastic, polymer and other fields.Most active heterocycles that have shown considerable biological actions as antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antiallergic, herbicidal, anticancer activity. There is always a strong need for new and efficient processes in synthesizing of new Heterocycles.Alum have been used as a novel catalyst in the synthesis of Schiff’s bases. Synthesized Schiff’s bases are free from use of ICH class 1 and Class 2 solvents and also free from structural alerts genotoxic impurities. This review highlights on various aspects of heterocyclic compounds with its biological activity & regulatory assessment based on the ‘International Regulatory Standards’. Keywords: Heterocycles. Nitrogen containing compounds Biological activity, History, Regulatory assessment, International Regulatory Standards

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28

Shitara, Kazuhiro, Yoshiro Sato, and Reiko Nakagawa. "Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds containing germanium and nitrogen as hetero-atoms. I." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 339, no. 3 (February 1988): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-328x(00)99387-2.

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29

Testova, N. V., E. A. Paukshtis, and K. G. Ione. "Some peculiarities in synthesis of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds on zeolite catalysts." Reaction Kinetics & Catalysis Letters 44, no. 1 (June 1991): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02068413.

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30

Ovchinnikov, I. V., A. S. Kulikov, M. A. Epishina, N. N. Makhova, and V. A. Tartakovsky. "Synthesis of N-trinitroethyl derivatives of linear and heterocyclic nitrogen-containing compounds." Russian Chemical Bulletin 54, no. 5 (May 2005): 1346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-005-0408-z.

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31

Shitara, Kazuhiro, and Yoshiro Sato. "Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds containing germanium and nitrogen as hetero-atoms. II." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 346, no. 1 (May 1988): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(88)87001-3.

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32

Li, Wenjuan, and Fengying Wang. "Advances in the Synthesis of Benzoazole Compounds." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v4i2.3866.

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Benzozole compounds are a kind of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds, which are widely used in medicine and materials, and can also be used as an important intermediate to prepare high molecular compounds. In this paper, the existing synthesis methods of benzozozole compounds are summarized, according to the reaction mechanism, which lays a foundation for the establishment of a greener, more economical and more convenient synthesis method in the future.

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33

Arshadi, Sattar, Esmail Vessally, Ladan Edjlali, Ebrahim Ghorbani-Kalhor, and Rahim Hosseinzadeh-Khanmiri. "N-Propargylic β-enaminocarbonyls: powerful and versatile building blocks in organic synthesis." RSC Advances 7, no. 22 (2017): 13198–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ra00746a.

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34

Swami, Suman, Satya Narayan Sahu, and Rahul Shrivastava. "Nanomaterial catalyzed green synthesis of tetrazoles and its derivatives: a review on recent advancements." RSC Advances 11, no. 62 (2021): 39058–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05955f.

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Tetrazoles are indispensable nitrogen containing heterocyclic scaffolds that offer a broad spectrum of applications in various domains such as medicinal chemistry, high energy material science, biochemistry, pharmacology etc.

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35

Harith M. Al-ajely. "Synthesis and pharmaceutical applications of Oxazine compounds derived from Pyronic, Salicylic, Antharanilic acids and Phenols." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 2, no. 2 (May 30, 2021): 074–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2021.2.2.0250.

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It is well known from FDA reports that More than 75% of the heterocyclic compounds are drugs and 90 of heterocyclic compounds are cancer drugs. The nitrogen-based heterocycles occupy an exclusive position as a valuable source of therapeutic agents in medicinal chemistry. Most drugs approved by the FDA and currently available in the market are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic moieties, More over heterocyclic compounds are important class of organic chemistry due to their widely spread in nature. Also there are many route for their action and many mechanistic pathways for their preparation and different metabolic actions. This comes from the easily building or removal of any functional group within the molecules. Changing just on group cause to change the metabolic pathway of the drug action and site of attack of the desired target accordingly. This great characteristic value make them much more important in drug discovery programs of many researchers and also encouraged us and drew attentions of other researchers to develop new ways for their synthesis. As a result different pharmacological and medical applications. Oxazie compounds are sub branch of heterocyclic compounds. These compounds having two hetero atoms, Oxygen and nitrogen within their structures make them much more important toward therapeutic studies. We are here in our investigation will focus on the methodologies and the therapeutic action of the titled compounds as well as other various applications.

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36

Burdzhiev, Nikola T., and Elena R. Stanoeva. "Synthesis of New Polysubstituted Pyrrolidinones with Potential Biological Activity." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0315.

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The reaction of succinic anhydride and N-benzylidene-benzylamine gave rise to the corresponding substituted trans-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid, which was transformed stereoselectively into two series of compounds. The first one consists of carboxamides, and the second one includes aminomethyl derivatives. The compounds prepared incorporate both a pyrrolidinone part and other nitrogen containing heterocyclic fragments of pharmacological interest.

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37

Zhang, Jie, Ping Liu, and Peipei Sun. "Synthesis of Oxygen- or Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds via Radical Addition Cascade Cyclization." Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry 41, no. 1 (2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.6023/cjoc202006010.

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38

Snegur, L. V., V. I. Boev, V. N. Babin, M. Kh Dzhafarov, A. S. Batsanov, Yu S. Nekrasov, and Yu T. Struchkov. "The synthesis and structure of ferrocenylalkyl onium derivatives of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds." Russian Chemical Bulletin 44, no. 3 (March 1995): 537–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00702405.

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39

Norouzi, Masoomeh, Parisa Moradi, and Maryam Khanmoradi. "Aluminium-based ionic liquid grafted on biochar as a heterogeneous catalyst for the selective synthesis of tetrazole and 2,3-dihydroquinazolin 4(1H)-one derivatives." RSC Advances 13, no. 50 (2023): 35569–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d3ra06440a.

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2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one and tetrazole are a class of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds that play an important role in drug design and are an important part of many biological and industrial compounds.

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40

Zheng, Xunan, Wei Liu, and Dawei Zhang. "Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Oxazole-Based Molecules via van Leusen Oxazole Synthesis." Molecules 25, no. 7 (March 31, 2020): 1594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071594.

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Oxazole compounds, including one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a five-membered heterocyclic ring, are present in various biological activities. Due to binding with a widespread spectrum of receptors and enzymes easily in biological systems through various non-covalent interactions, oxazole-based molecules are becoming a kind of significant heterocyclic nucleus, which have received attention from researchers globally, leading them to synthesize diverse oxazole derivatives. The van Leusen reaction, based on tosylmethylisocyanides (TosMICs), is one of the most appropriate strategies to prepare oxazole-based medicinal compounds. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of the synthesis of oxazole-containing molecules utilizing the van Leusen oxazole synthesis from 1972, aiming to look for potential oxazole-based medicinal compounds, which are valuable information for drug discovery and synthesis.

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41

Khrustalev, D., A. Yedrissov, Y. Shishlova, O. Tyagunova, B. Ilyassov, and A. Kurbanova. "A New Method for the Synthesis of Bromine-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds for Photovoltaic Polymers." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal, no. 1 (February 20, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18321/ectj788.

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With the development and improvement of systems for converting sunlight into electric and thermal energy, more and more work is emerging on the development of the newest and most promising direction in solar energy, namely the creation of solar cells based on photosensitive polymers. Recently the power conversion efficiency of organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices has overcome the barrier of 17%, and thus we can expect a new wave of scientific interest in the development of new, more efficient OPV devices. Unfortunately, during searching for highly efficient chemical structures of OPV polymers, the researchers missed an important point: all photovoltaic polymers consist of aromatic and heteroaromatic «building blocks», which, in turn, are synthesized based on outdated techniques using highly toxic, dangerous for life and environment precursors. The development of «green», environmentally friendly, economically viable methods for the synthesis of photovoltaic polymers and building blocks for their production, will make the energy obtained from OPV truly «green». In this work, we present an alternative, «green» method for synthesizing halogen-containing aromatic and heteroaromatic, expensive building blocks most commonly used in the synthesis of photovoltaic polymers, which can be used to obtain photovoltaic polymers of various structures. We present the original methods for the synthesis of 4,4-dibromo-1,1- biphenyl (1), 4,7-dibromo-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (2), 2-bromothiophene (3) and 2,5-dibromothiophene (4). All these methods differ from the previously described routes by their simplicity and convenience of their implementation, the absence of corrosive and irritant reagents, good yield and compliance with the principles of «Green Chemistry».

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Arcadi, Antonio, Valerio Morlacci, and Laura Palombi. "Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Scaffolds through Sequential Reactions of Aminoalkynes with Carbonyls." Molecules 28, no. 12 (June 12, 2023): 4725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124725.

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Sequential reactions of aminoalkynes represent a powerful tool to easily assembly biologically important polyfunctionalized nitrogen heterocyclic scaffolds. Metal catalysis often plays a key role in terms of selectivity, efficiency, atom economy, and green chemistry of these sequential approaches. This review examines the existing literature on the applications of reactions of aminoalkynes with carbonyls, which are emerging for their synthetic potential. Aspects concerning the features of the starting reagents, the catalytic systems, alternative reaction conditions, pathways and possible intermediates are provided.

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Tang, Jie, Dan Chen, Gen Zhang, Hongwei Yang, and Guangbin Cheng. "A “Green” Primary Explosive: Design, Synthesis, and Testing." Synlett 30, no. 08 (February 5, 2019): 885–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611696.

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This account presents the synthesis and the characterization of triazine-tetrazine nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. Some compounds were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The physical and chemical properties were obtained by EXPLO5 v6.01, gas pycnometer, BAM Fallhammer, BAM Friction tester, and several detonation tests. The results show that the new metal-free polyazido compound 3,6-bis-[2-(4,6-diazido-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-diazenyl]-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (4) with high heat of formation (2820 kJ mol–1/6130.2 kJ kg–1) and excellent detonation velocity and pressure (D = 8602 m s–1, P = 29.4 GPa) could be used as ingredient in secondary explosives. 3,6-Bis-[2-(4,6-diazido-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-hydrazinyl]-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (3) can detonate research department explosive (RDX, cyclonite) as a primer (Δf H m = 2114 kJ mol–1/4555.2 kJ kg–1, D = 8365 m s–1, P = 26.8 GPa), whose initiation capacity is comparable to that of the traditional primary explosive Pb(N3)2. Therefore, the metal-free compound 3 can potentially replace lead-based-primary explosives, which would be advantageous for the environment.1 Introduction2 Strategies to Form High-Nitrogen Compounds with High Heat of Formation3 Metal-Free Strategies to Prepare Primary Explosives4 Concluding Remarks

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Li, Yanan, Tao Liu, and Jianan Sun. "Recent Advances in N-Heterocyclic Small Molecules for Synthesis and Application in Direct Fluorescence Cell Imaging." Molecules 28, no. 2 (January 11, 2023): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28020733.

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Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are ubiquitous in natural products and drugs. Various organic small molecules with nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as nitrogen-containing boron compounds, cyanine, pyridine derivatives, indole derivatives, quinoline derivatives, maleimide derivatives, etc., have unique biological features, which could be applied in various biological fields, including biological imaging. Fluorescence cell imaging is a significant and effective imaging modality in biological imaging. This review focuses on the synthesis and applications in direct fluorescence cell imaging of N-heterocyclic organic small molecules in the last five years, to provide useful information and enlightenment for researchers in this field.

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Sharma, Praveen Kumar, Andleeb Amin, and M. Kumar. "Synthetic Methods of Medicinally Important Heterocycles-thiazines: A Review." Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal 14, no. 1 (September 14, 2020): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874104502014010071.

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Heterocyclic compounds containing N and S atoms have unique properties so that they can be used as potential reactive materials in pharmacokinetic systems. In medicinal chemistry, the therapeutic applications of nitrogen sulphur heterocycles are well known. Especially, Thiazines attract the attention of chemists due to their great bioactive behavior. The present study is a review of the work carried out by the research community for the synthesis of novel, effective, medicinally important heterocyclic compounds-thiazines.

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Azad, Iqbal, Firoj Hassan, Mohammad `Saquib, Naseem Ahmad, Abdul Rahman Khan, Abdillah G.Al-Sehemi, and Malik Nasibullah. "A Critical Review on Advances in the Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrroles." Oriental Journal of Chemistry 34, no. 4 (August 17, 2018): 1670–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/340401.

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Nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds are biologically significant molecules. This is especially true for pyrrole a five membered nitrogen containing aromatic molecule, which is present as a key structural motif in a large number of drugs and lead molecules. This review aims to provide an overview of the multi-component reaction (MCR) based methodologies used for the synthesis of pyrrole and its derivatives, focusing particularly on eco-friendly methods that avoid the use of hazardous reagents, solvents and catalysts are deemed especially relevant to the disciplines of medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.

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47

Elkanzi, N. A. A. "Synthesis and Studies of Some New Fused/Spiro Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Nitrogen and Sulfur." Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements 183, no. 8 (July 4, 2008): 2040–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426500701841821.

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48

Kelarev, Victor I., and V. N. Koshelev. "Synthesis of five- and six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds from carboxylic acids iminoesters." Russian Chemical Reviews 64, no. 4 (April 30, 1995): 317–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc1995v064n04abeh000153.

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Sharad K. Awate, Suresh V. Patil, Ravindra S. Dhivare, and Renukacharya G. Khanapure. "Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Potencies of N-Substituted Iminothiazodin-4-One Derivatives." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2020): 589–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1861.

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The biggest and most multifaceted class of organic compounds includes heterocyclic compounds. Currently, several heterocyclic compounds are identified, and persistently gratefulness to tremendous synthetic work and synthetic usefulness, the number is increasing exponentially. In most fields of science, including medicinal, pharmaceutical, and agro-chemistry, heterocyclic compounds have a function, and biochemistry is also another area. In this research article, the green approach is administered for achieving the nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur centered five-membered heterocyclic derivatives. By taking the whole thing into account of hetero-chemistry, the moderately effective analog for gram-positive and gram-negative strains was shown for the five-membered heterocyclic compound series of N-substituted iminothiazodine-4-one and N-(benzylideneamino)thiazol-4(5H). The compound 6b showed very much active potency in accordance with the type standard drug the 6c compound against gram-positive Bacillus subtilis bacteria compared to the standard drugs and 6b indicated very active potency against the gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterial strain. The 5a and 6a compounds showed very strong activity against the fungal strain of Candida albicans and 6b or 6c were more active and highly potent than the standard drugs against Aspergillus niger species. In the view of this research, drive states that all the synthesized compounds might be used for the development for further heterocyclic entities.

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M.S, Al-Ajely, and Shaban I.M. "SYNTHESIS OF SOME DIAZINE AND TRIAAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM FURFURAL." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 7, no. 4 (April 30, 2019): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i4.2019.877.

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The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds especially when their structure containing nitrogen ,oxygen and sulfur atoms are growing up due to their wide spread in nature ,many mechanistic pathways to reach the target with nearly negligible loss of their dose and there are numerous me thods to derivatives their structures There for the development in hetero cyclic synthesis will provide new metabolic pathways when these compounds have succeeded to be used as drug ,Moreover it was known for long time that about 95 % of cancer drugs are heterocyclic compounds .There are also many methods found in the literature for the synthesis of both triazoles and trdiazines from different routes In this investigation furfural was used as precursor for the synthesis of some new diazine and triazole derivatives (3-11).The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR ,and 1HNMR and are discussed.

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