Relevant bibliographies by topics / GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD

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Academic literature on the topic 'GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Embarek, Nadia, and Nabahat Sahli. "A Novel Green Synthesis Method of Poly (3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) Catalyzed by Treated Bentonite." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, no. 2 (February 16, 2020): 290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.2.6568.290-303.

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The present work focuses on the preparation and characterization of poly(3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane) (PGPTMS) under mild conditions. Ring-opening polymerization of the 3-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) is initiated with the bentonite of Maghnite-H+ (Mag-H+), an ecologic and low-cost catalyst. The evolution of epoxy ring-opening was studied in bulk and in solution using CH2Cl2 as solvent, as well as the influences of several factors such as the amount of Mag-H+, polymerization time and temperature on the yield of polymer were investigated. The best polymer yield (30 %) was obtained in bulk polymerization at room temperature (20 °C) for a reaction time 8 h, and it’s increases with time and reaches 68 % for 7 days. The structures of the obtained polymers (PGPTMS) were confirmed respectively by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The thermal properties of the prepared polymers were given by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the Tg of PGPTMS is recorded at -31.27 °C, and it is thermally stable with a degradation start temperature greater than 300 °C, all decomposition stopped at 600 °C. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
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Huston, Matthew, Melissa DeBella, Maria DiBella, and Anisha Gupta. "Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 21, 2021): 2130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082130.

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Nanotechnology is considered one of the paramount forefronts in science over the last decade. Its versatile implementations and fast-growing demand have paved the way for innovative measures for the synthesis of higher quality nanomaterials. In the early stages, traditional synthesis methods were utilized, and they relied on both carcinogenic chemicals and high energy input for production of nano-sized material. The pollution produced as a result of traditional synthesis methods induces a need for environmentally safer synthesis methods. As the downfalls of climate change become more abundant, the scientific community is persistently seeking solutions to combat the devastation caused by toxic production methods. Green methods for nanomaterial synthesis apply natural biological systems to nanomaterial production. The present review highlights the history of nanoparticle synthesis, starting with traditional methods and progressing towards green methods. Green synthesis is a method just as effective, if not more so, than traditional synthesis; it provides a sustainable approach to nanomaterial manufacturing by using naturally sourced starting materials and relying on low energy processes. The recent use of active molecules in natural biological systems such as bacteria, yeast, algae and fungi report successful results in the synthesis of various nanoparticle systems. Thus, the integration of green synthesis in scientific research and mass production provides a potential solution to the limitations of traditional synthesis methods.
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Bekele, Bulcha, Anatol Degefa, Fikadu Tesgera, Leta Tesfaye Jule, R. Shanmugam, L. Priyanka Dwarampudi, N. Nagaprasad, and Krishnaraj Ramasamy. "Green versus Chemical Precipitation Methods of Preparing Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Investigation of Antimicrobial Properties." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (September 17, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9210817.

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Comparison of green and chemical precipitation method syntheses of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was performed, and antimicrobial properties were investigated. Avocado, mango, and papaya fruit extracts were carried out for the green synthesising methods, while the chemical precipitation method was chosen from chemical synthesis methods. Zinc nitrate was used as a salt precursor, whereas leaf extract was served as a reducing agent for green synthesising methods. In addition, sodium hydroxide, polyvinyl alcohol, and potassium hydroxide were used as reducing agents in the case of chemical precipitation synthesis methods. ZnO NPs were characterised by characterizing techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activities of prepared nanoparticles were evaluated on Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The particle sizes of the prepared samples which were evaluated by the Scherrer equation were in the range of 11-21 nm for green synthesis, while 30-40 nm for chemical precipitation synthesis methods. Small agglomerations were observed from SEM results of prepared ZnO NPs from both methods. Prepared ZnO NPs were showed strong antimicrobial properties. From the result, the inhibition zone was in the range of 15-24 mm for the green route and 7–15 mm for chemical precipitation methods, where the standard drugs have 25 mm of the zone of inhibition. A green synthesised method of preparing ZnO NPs gives promising antimicrobial properties compared to chemical synthesis and is also eco-friendly and safe compared to the chemical synthesis.
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Reyes, Luis, Jesús Valdez, José Luis Cavazos, and Idalia Gómez. "Synthesis of TiNi by a green method." Bioinspired, Biomimetic and Nanobiomaterials 6, no. 4 (December 2017): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jbibn.16.00035.

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Latif, Duha M. A. "Synthesis and Study NiO Charactrization of Extract from Green Tea Plant Prepared by Chemical Method." Neuroquantology 18, no. 5 (May 30, 2020): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2020.18.5.nq20172.

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Baláž, Matej, Zdenka Bedlovičová, Nina Daneu, Patrik Siksa, Libor Sokoli, Ľudmila Tkáčiková, Aneta Salayová, et al. "Mechanochemistry as an Alternative Method of Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles with Antibacterial Activity: A Comparative Study." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (April 28, 2021): 1139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051139.

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This study shows mechanochemical synthesis as an alternative method to the traditional green synthesis of silver nanoparticles in a comparative manner by comparing the products obtained using both methodologies and different characterization methods. As a silver precursor, the most commonly used silver nitrate was applied and the easily accessible lavender (Lavandula angustofolia L.) plant was used as a reducing agent. Both syntheses were performed using 7 different lavender:AgNO3 mass ratios. The synthesis time was limited to 8 and 15 min in the case of green and mechanochemical synthesis, respectively, although a significant amount of unreacted silver nitrate was detected in both crude reaction mixtures at low lavender:AgNO3 ratios. This finding is of particular interest mainly for green synthesis, as the potential presence of silver nitrate in the produced nanosuspension is often overlooked. Unreacted AgNO3 has been removed from the mechanochemically synthesized samples by washing. The nanocrystalline character of the products has been confirmed by both X-ray diffraction (Rietveld refinement) and transmission electron microscopy. The latter has shown bimodal size distribution with larger particles in tens of nanometers and the smaller ones below 10 nm in size. In the case of green synthesis, the used lavender:AgNO3 ratio was found to have a decisive role on the crystallite size. Silver chloride has been detected as a side-product, mainly at high lavender:AgNO3 ratios. Both products have shown a strong antibacterial activity, being higher in the case of green synthesis, but this can be ascribed to the presence of unreacted AgNO3. Thus, one-step mechanochemical synthesis (without the need to prepare extract and performing the synthesis as separate steps) can be applied as a sustainable alternative to the traditional green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using plants.
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Brătulescu, George. "Green and conventional synthesis of sulfanilic acid." Annals of the University of Craiova Series Chemistry 28, no. 1 (September 15, 2022): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aucchem.2022.1.02.

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Synthesis of sulfanilic acid was achieved by conventional and green protocols. The starting reagents were the same in both methods. The activation technique of the reaction was different. Conventional synthesis was thermally activated and green synthesis was activated by microwaves. Energophage, chronophage and polluting features constitute important disadvantages of conventional method. The green method performs much better than the conventional procedure: short time, few hazardous wastes and easy experimental setup. The zwitterionic structure of the sulfanilic acid was demonstrated by spectroscopy.
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Fernández-Sánchez, Lilia, and Mirella Gutiérrez-Arzaluz. "Synthesis of copper hydroxyphosphate under the principles of green chemistry." Applied Chemical Engineering 5, no. 2 (July 8, 2022): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/ace.v5i2.1637.

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This work aims to present two syntheses according to the green chemistry principles of Cu2(OH)PO4. The first one is a mechanochemical synthesis which was carried out with Cu3(PO4)2 and NaOH at room temperature and without solvent (principles five and six), the second one employed an aqueous suspension of copper phosphate (principle six). The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Using an analysis and evaluation scale based on green principles, the synthesis method reported in this study was compared with the traditional hydrothermal synthesis method, which was found to be a polluting process, while the synthesis method reported in this study was a clean process. It was concluded that clean processes lead to time savings, low energy costs and environmental care.
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Sandeep, Sharma, Saxena Santosh Kumar, and Meena Krisn Pratap. "Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles by Murraya Koenigii leaves." 2 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 08–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.46632/jame/2/2/2.

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Nanotechnology becomes the most interesting area for researchers from last two decades. There are several methods to synthesis nanoparticles but the use of green method for synthesis reduces or eliminates the generation of hazardous byproducts. Green synthesis method is environment friendly alternative to conventional synthesis techniques. Green chemistry is about reducing risk, energy, environmental impact, hazard, cost, materials and waste. The green method or biological method involves the use of microorganisms, plants etc. for synthesis of nanoparticles. In our present research work we use Murraya koenigii leaves powder extract as reducing and capping agent. Plant sources containing the phytoconstituents viz., Tannins, Alkaloids, Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Citric acid etc. Metallic and metal oxides nanoparticles of various shapes, sizes, contents and physicochemical properties can be synthesized using green synthesis method. The synthesized Iron oxide Nanoparticles were characterized be different analytical techniques. The surface morphology revealed by SEM, elemental composition by EDX, Different functional groups revealed by FTIR spectroscopy and particle size measured by particle size analyzer.
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Bhosale, Rohit Rajendra, A. S. Kulkarni, S. S. Gilda, N. H. Aloorkar, R. A. Osmani, and B. R. Harkare. "Innovative Eco-friendly Approaches for Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 7, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 2328–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2014.7.1.3.

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Nanotechnology is an escalating field that has made its contribution to all spheres of human life. The green synthesis of nanoparticles has paved for better methodologies and approaches in the medicinal field. Nowadays silver, gold and other metallic nanoparticles are used as an efficient carrier for drug molecules for developing novel drug delivery systems. In course of synthesizing these nanoparticles various chemicals, solvents and reagents are used which harms our eco system directly or indirectly. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have been widely used as a novel therapeutic agent extending its use as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory agent. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) prepared by green synthesis have many advantages over conventional methods involving chemical agents associated with environmental toxicity. Green synthetic methods include polysaccharide method, irradiation method, biological method, polyoxometallates method and tollens method. Green synthesis of nanoparticles is found to be an emerging branch of nanotechnology. The use of environmentally benign materials like plant leaf extract for the synthesis of nanoparticles offers numerous benefits of eco-friendliness and compatibility for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications as they do not use toxic chemicals in the synthesis protocols. Rapid and green synthetic methods using various plant extracts have shown a great potential in silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) synthesis. This review article describes the bio-inspired synthesis of nanoparticles that provides advancement over chemical and physical methods as it is cost effective, eco-friendly and more effective in a variety of applications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Nasseh, Marjan. "Improved Reverse Micelle method for the green synthesis of pH sensitive solid CaCO3 micro/nano scale particles." Thesis, Nasseh, Marjan (2021) Improved Reverse Micelle method for the green synthesis of pH sensitive solid CaCO3 micro/nano scale particles. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/65262/.

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Cancer is the second most frequent cause of death in the world today and a huge global problem for the society. Current drug delivery systems used in the treatment of cancer suffer from a number of problematic issues, like poor plasma half-life and poor release profile of therapeutic agents. To overcome these limitations, recent research has focused on using calcium carbonate(CaCO3) micro/nanoparticles as carrier-based systems to improve drug therapies and clinical outcomes. The present study investigates and evaluates a newly developed Reverse Micelle method for generating micro/nanometre scale CaCO3 powders for potential use as a drug carrier platform. XRD spectroscopy revealed the CaCO3 was in the form of calcite and it had a mean crystallite size of 9.3nm. However, the study found the Reverse Micelle method had a preference to produce larger micrometre scale particles instead of only nanometre scale particles. Both SEM and particle analysis revealed 45.46% of the particles were between 8 and 16μm and the mean particle size was 10μm.The resulting calcite ultra-powders were found to have a relatively low specific surface area of around 0.577 m2 g−1 and also found to display poor adsorption behaviour towards Rhodamine B. To explain this behaviour, the study suggests water present in the washing and centrifuging stage promotes the dissolution and re-crystallisation, thus, promoting further growth of the calcite particles. In addition, the FT-IR analysis suggests surfactant residue, persistent even after extensive washing, is responsible for the poor adsorption behaviour of the calcite powders. However, in spite of the shortcomings, the present research has established the Proof of Concept for the innovative Reverse Micelle method. And the results from the research were used to apply for an Australian Innovation Patent, which was subsequently granted. Thus, validating the Proof of Concept and the quality of the research carried out as part of the present work.
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Nate, Zondi. "Green synthesis of copper and silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity." Thesis, Vaal University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10352/424.

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M. Tech. (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences), Vaal University of Technology
The present study includes the use of a green synthetic method to prepare copper and silver nanoparticles using chitosan, aqueous extracts of Camellia sinensis, Combretum molle and Melia azedarach linn leaves. This study aims to investigate the influence of capping and precursor concentration on the properties of silver nanoparticles with emphasis on the medicinal plants chosen. The effect of capping agent on the properties of copper nanoparticles is also investigated. The phytochemical properties of plant extracts and the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized particles were also studied; this was achieved by using microdilution bioassay. Decoction method was used to extract secondary metabolites from plant leaves. Preliminary phytochemical screening carried out on the aqueous extracts of the plant leaves showed the presence of tannins, proteins, flavonoids, phenols, and carbohydrates. The total phenolic and flavonoids content of the aqueous extract was determined using spectroscopic methods. The highest phenolic content was found in the aqueous extract of Combretum molle (135 mg/g), and the highest flavonoid content was found in the aqueous extract of Camellia sinensis (0.4 mg/g). Characterization was done by a combination of spectroscopic, microscopy and XRD techniques. Both the size and shape of the synthesized silver nanoparticles were dependent on the identity of the capping molecule, precursor and capping agent concentration as depicted from their TEM and XRD results. Silver nanoparticles were found to be predominantly spherical. The capping agent concentration was also found to influence the degree of agglomeration, with an increase in capping agent concentration giving lesser agglomeration. FTIR spectral analysis showed that silver nanoparticles interact with bioactive compounds found in the plants through the hydroxyl functional group. Other shapes including diamond were observed for the effect of precursor concentration. The XRD micrographs revealed a face-centered cubic geometry and the phase remained the same with an increase in precursor concentration. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were all blue shifted compared to the bulk material. The TEM results revealed that copper nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes were successfully synthesized. All the prepared copper and silver nanoparticles showed satisfactory antifungal and antibacterial activity against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The capping molecules used in this study also showed some antibacterial and antifungal activity against the selected strains. However nanoparticles performed better than these capping molecules. Both silver and copper nanoparticles were found to be more active against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria. Amongst all the prepared silver nanoparticles Combretum molle capped nanoparticles were found to be the most active nanoparticles. Also with copper nanoparticles, it was found that Combretum molle capped nanoparticles were the most active nanoparticles. Between the two metal nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles showed high antibacterial and antifungal activity compared to copper nanoparticles. The antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles was assessed using 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl. Silver nanoparticles were found to have some antioxidant activity. However, the capping molecules were found to be more active than the synthesized nanoparticles. This observation is attributed to the presence of some bioactive compounds in the plant extracts.
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Bayat, M., and M. Khatibzadeh. "A Review On Green Methods for Synthesis of Silver Nano Particles." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35238.

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Metal nano particles are one of the most attractive aspects of nano materials in recent years. The reason for this growing attraction is because of their special physical and chemical properties, which are more enhanced from bulk material. Hence they find wide application in various fields like catalysis, photonics, optoelectronics, information storage, antibacterial applications, etc. While considering metal nano particles, electrical conductivity is one of the most important properties that can be used for humans’ benefit and should be enhanced. Silver nano particles can be used in the electronics industry as conductive fillers because of their unique properties such as high electrical and thermal conductivity, high resistance to oxidation. It is impressive that eco friendly methods are being developed for synthesizing these nano particles, using different kinds of plant extracts and water soluble component as capping agents, which results in different forms of particle morphologies. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/35238
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Kalabegishvili, T., A. Faanhof, E. Kirkesali, M. V. Frontasyeva, S. S. Pavlov, and I. Zinicovscaia. "Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles by Blue-Green Algae Spirulina Platensis." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34969.

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The synthesis of gold nanoparticles by one of the many popular microorganisms – blue-green algae Spirulina platensis was studied. The complex of optical and analytical methods was applied for investigation of experimental samples after exposure to chloroaurate (HAuCl4) solution at different doses and for different time intervals. To characterize formed gold nanoparticles UV-vis Spectrometry, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive analysis of X-rays (EDAX) were used. It was shown that after 1.5 – 2 days of exposure the extracellular formation of nanoparticles of spherical form and the distribution peak within the interval of 20-30 nm took place. To determine gold concentrations in the Spirulina platensis biomass neutron activation analysis (NAA) was applied. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34969
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Nethavhanani, Takalani. "Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by a green process and the investigation of their physical properties." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6295.

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Magister Scientiae - MSc (Physics)
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a wide and direct semiconductor with a wurtzite crystal structure. Its multifunctionality as the ideal candidate in applications such as blue-UV light emitting diodes, transparent conducting oxide, selective gas sensor and efficient catalyst support among others, has attracted a significant interest worldwide. Nano-scaled ZnO has been synthesized in a plethora of shapes. A rich variety of physical and chemical methodologies have been used in the synthesis of undoped or doped ZnO. However, such methods either necessitate relatively high vacuum infrastructures, elevated temperatures, or the use of toxic reagents. The "green chemistry" synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles which is based on using natural plant extract as an effective 'reducing agent' of metal precursor, has been reported to be a cleaner and environment-friendly alternative to the physical and chemical methods. The thesis is based on the synthesis and the main physical properties of pure ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a completely green chemistry process using the natural extract of Aspalathus Linearis to bio-reduce the zinc acetate precursor. The obtained ZnO nanopowdered samples were annealed at different temperatures from 300 °C to 600 °C. The samples were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared. Highly pure quasi-spherical ZnO nanoparticles with an average crystallite size of 24.6 nm (at 300 °C), 27.2 nm (at 400 °C), 27.6 nm (at 500 °C), and 28.5 nm (at 600 °C) were found. The results also showed that the average crystallite size increased with an increase in annealing temperature. It was successfully demonstrated that the natural plant extract of Aspalathus Linearis can be used in the bio-reduction of zinc acetate dihydrate to prepare highly pure ZnO nanoparticles.
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Ahn, Jae-Wan. "Three Essays on Housing Markets, Urban Land Use, and the Environment." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555457869257077.

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Mans, Daniel J. "Exocyclic Stereocontrol via Asymmetric Hydrovinylation in the General Synthesis of Pseudopterogorgia Natural Products Stereoselective X-Y-Mediated Cyclization Studies of an Allene-Ynamide and an Allene-Aldehyde." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1203969383.

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林一夫. "Synthesis of Polyhedral Gold Nanoparticles Using a Green Chemistry Method." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3m8wc2.

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碩士
國立嘉義大學
應用化學系研究所
106
In this study, we used bovine serum albumin (BSA) both as the capping agent and reducing agent to synthesize polyhedral gold nano- particles in aqueous solutions based on a simple one-pot strategy. The method used was in compliance with the green chemistry principles. The syntheses of gold nanoparticles were influenced by metal ions. To synthesize polyhedral gold nanoparticles, metal ions were added to the mixtures of BSA and chloroauric acid (HAuCl4). The resulting polyhedral gold nanoparticles included triangular plates, hexagonal plates, spherical particles, octahedrons, decahedrons, and icosahedrons. Among the metal ions screened, copper (Ⅱ) ion and iron (Ⅲ) ion had significant effects on both the morphology and growing rate of gold nanoparticles. Thus, the influences of several factors that affected the synthesis of polyhedral gold nanoparticles in the presence of copper (Ⅱ) and iron (Ⅲ) ions were investigated. The factors studied included the BSA concentration, metal ion concentration, temperature, reaction time, pH of solution, and amount of various diols added. The proceedings of synthesis were monitored based on the UV-Vis spectra of the reaction mixtures. The shapes and size of gold nano- particles synthesized were confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). When the molar ratio of Cu2+ and HAuCl4 was 1 to 8.33, icosahedral gold nanoparticles were the major product at 60 ℃. In this reaction condition, the average yield was 50.92 %, and the average size of nanoparticle was 141.86 ± 12.16 nm. In addition, flower-shaped gold nanoparticles was synthesized by refluxing the reaction mixture in the presence of 1, 5-pentane and Fe3+. The average diameters of the resulting gold nano- particles were 139.49 ± 15.07 nm. Since the polyhedral gold nano- particles synthesized were highly uniform and the toxicity of the capping agent used was low, this one-pot strategy had the great potential to synthesize the polyhedral gold nanoparticles with high biocompatibility which can then be used in biomedicine and bioanalysis.
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HSIEH, CHIN-LIANG, and 謝錦良. "Study on Preparation of Nano Bismuth by Pulse Spark Discharge Green Synthesis Method." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6p8433.

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博士
國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系
107
In the past, the preparation of metal nanoparticles has been carried out by a chemical method, and a suspension agent is added to control the particle size and concentration of the nanoparticles. In this dissertation, an electric discharge machine (EDM) or a Micro EDM is used to melt metal materials into nanometer-scale particles by arc discharge. No chemical is added during the manufacturing process, and pure water is used as the medium. Electro-hydraulic, set process parameters and discharge pulse width time (TON-TOFF), can prepare nano-grade metal particles suspended in dielectric liquid, the process is simple and fast, can be mass-produced, low cost, environmental pollution Smaller, this method contributes greatly to the preparation of nanomaterials. In this dissertation, the study of nano-small is carried out by using pulsed spark discharge (Pulsed Spark Discharge) method to prepare nano-Bi colloidal solution in deionized water (DI-water) by adjusting the TON, TOFF and discharge current IP of the EDM. The value causes the Bismuth wire to generate a pulsed spark discharge in deionized water to prepare a nano-Bi colloidal solution, then the Transmission Electron Microscope(TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), Zetasizer, Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and other instruments were used to analyze the results of the nano-Bi colloidal prepared under different discharge parameters, so as to obtain the optimized parameters of the preparation of nano-Bi by pulse spark discharge machine. The results of this dissertation show that the nano-Bismuth colloidal solution was successfully prepared by EDM and the absorption peak of UV–Vis was found at 234~237 nm. In addition, in order to find out the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) control parameter while using the Micro EDM to prepare the Bismuth colloid, the mathematical model of Micro EDM was successfully derived, the PID parameters were found by Matlab software-assisted analysis and put them into the Micro EDM for experiment, compared with the discharge success rate of the online adaptation method (36%), and the Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) method. (36.451%), the discharge success rate of preparing nano silver was increased to 84.4773%, and the discharge success rate of preparing nano-Bismuth colloid solution can reach 74.1876%.
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SINGH, GYAN PRAKASH. "SYNTHESIS OF YELLOWISH GREEN BIOCOMPATIBLE HYDROXYAPATITE PHOSPHOR VIA SURFACTANT ASSISTED AQUEOUS PRECIPITATION METHOD." Thesis, 2013. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/16130.

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Terbium doped hydroxyapatite (THA), Tb:Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 phosphors synthesized via surfactant (CTAB) assisted aqueous precipitation method. It is basically a room temperature synthesis excluding the sintering at 550o C, which was performed just for the removal of residual organic template. The phase, morphology, luminescent properties of THA powders were examined by usingX-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), excitation and emission spectra. XRD analysis reveals the nanocrystalline nature of THA with crystallite size 48 nm. SEM images indicate the formationof ‘micro-cubes’ with uniform size distribution. Excitation spectra measured for THA samples by monitoring 541nm emission wavelength. Emission spectra measured for the THA samples by exciting the samples at 377 nm wavelength.The intensities of the emission peaks were found to be increasing with the increase ofterbium concentration. The Commission Internationale deI’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates calculated for the synthesized THA phosphor, which indicate thatthe terbium doped hydroxyapatitephosphor exhibits yellowish green emission under 377 nm excitation.
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Books on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Das, Nirmalendu, Alok Roy, Bimal Bhushan Chakraborty, Debasish Borah, and Anuradha Roy Choudhury. Recent Advances in Material Synthesis. Edited by Sudip Choudhury. Glasstree, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.20850/9781716589263.

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The area of material synthesis is a rapidly developing field of research which enables scientists not only to discover the high yield, cost effective or environment friendly methods , but also providing them some new opportunities to work in the world of nano science. The green approaches in one hand are the alternative way to synthesize the material by minimizing the wastes as well as toxic substances, on the other hand the synthesis of nanoparticles has gained tremendous attention owing to their many fold applications in various fields. This book is designed to give the readers an outline of some of the very special topics from current prospective of different approaches for material synthesis.
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Inamuddin, Rajender Boddula, Mohammed Muzibur Rahman, and Abdullah M. Ahmed Asiri. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Solid State Synthetic Methods. Elsevier, 2020.

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Inamuddin, Rajender Boddula, Mohammed Muzibur Rahman, and Abdullah M. Ahmed Asiri. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science: Solid State Synthetic Methods. Elsevier, 2020.

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Franks, Benjamin. Anarchism. Edited by Michael Freeden and Marc Stears. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199585977.013.0001.

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This chapter identifies some of the conceptual problems in providing a stable, inclusive interpretation of anarchism. It rejects accounts of anarchism constructed on the supposed universal minimum of ‘anti-statism’, as these synthesize radically antipathetic movements, in particular free-market individualisms along with the main socialist variants of anarchist communism and syndicalism. These purportedly comprehensive versions overlook the distinctive conceptual arrangements of social and individualist anarchisms. These separate ideological forms support radically different practices and generate conflicting interpretations of ‘anti-statism’. Instead, a conceptual analytical approach is best suited to identifying stable, intersecting families of anarchism (such as Green anarchism, anarcha-feminism and post-anarchism), as this method is sensitive to the malleable and variable conception of the political agent, which is a feature of the main constellations of social anarchism.
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Book chapters on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Ahmed, Aamir, and Sandeep Arya. "Green Synthesis of Nanomaterials via Electrochemical Method." In Advances in Green Synthesis, 205–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67884-5_11.

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Tandon, Lavanya, Divya Mandial, Rajpreet Kaur, and Poonam Khullar. "Seed Growth Method for the Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles." In Green Chemistry and Biodiversity, 47–64. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429202599-5.

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Rao, Raksha, Keerthana Kamath, R. Priyanka, Irfana Shajahan, and Hari Prasad Dasari. "Synthesis of Praseodymium-Doped Ceria-Based Electrolyte Material by Hydrothermal Method." In Green Energy and Technology, 433–41. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8278-0_28.

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Liu, Zengshe, and Sevim Z. Erhan. "Synthesis of Soy Polymers Using a "Green" Processing Method." In ACS Symposium Series, 70–87. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2009-1004.ch007.

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Mazurenko, Y. A., and A. I. Gerasimchuk. "Electrochemical Synthesis of Volatile Metal Complexes, as Precursors for Functional Material Synthesis by the CVD Method." In Green Industrial Applications of Ionic Liquids, 511–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0127-4_30.

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Vecoven, Audrey, and Allen W. Apblett. "Modified Powder Processing as a Green Method for Ferrite Synthesis." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 261–77. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118144527.ch25.

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Dewi, Rizki Fitriana, and Anton Prasetyo. "Eco-friendly Synthesis of SrBi4Ti3,95Fe0,05O15 via Molten Salt Method." In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Green Technology (ICGT 2022), 118–26. Dordrecht: Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-148-7_13.

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Moneeb, Ahmed, Cory Perkins, Allen W. Apblett, Abdullah Al-Abdulrahman, and Abdulaziz Bagabas. "Green Synthetic Method for Synthesis of Calcium Molybdate Based on a Bimetallic Complex." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 15–25. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119423799.ch2.

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Tripathi, Gyanendra, Aqsa Jamal, Tanya Jamal, Maryam Faiyaz, and Alvina Farooqui. "Phyco-Nanotechnology: An Emerging Nanomaterial Synthesis Method and Its Applicability in Biofuel Production." In Green Nano Solution for Bioenergy Production Enhancement, 169–200. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9356-4_7.

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Puspitasari, Poppy, Yuke Nofantyu, Avita Ayu Permanasari, Riana Nurmalasari, and Andika Bagus Nur Rahma Putra. "Synthesis and Characterization of Zinc Ferrite as Nanofluid Heat Exchanger Deploying Co-precipitation Method." In Nanotechnologies in Green Chemistry and Environmental Sustainability, 169–85. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003320746-10.

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Conference papers on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Tan, Y. J., N. F. Rohimi, R. Roslan, N. Salim, S. N. H. Mustapha, and S. Zakaria. "Synthesis and characterization of polybenzoxazine thermoset via solventless method." In GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE: ADVANCED AND EMERGING APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Green Design and Manufacture 2018. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5066866.

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Shydlovska, Olga, and Yevhen Kharchenko. "Review of Green Methods of Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.i.8.

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Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a very promising area of research. Silver nanoparticles are the most interesting type of nanoparticle in nanotechnology because they have varied properties, such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and antibiofilm forming properties. This review aims to establish which of the most common approaches for the biological synthesis of nanoparticles is the best. In this work, the methods of synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts, bacteria, and yeast are considered. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages. The most common method of synthesis of silver nanoparticles is the method using plant extracts, however, stabilizing substances from plant extracts have their own direct biological activity, which can be both enhanced and suppressed by silver nanoparticles. Green synthesis of nanoparticles thanks to microorganisms makes it possible to use a wide range of bacterial strains, but it is important to remember of the pathogenicity of the strains and their danger to humans. From this perspective, the use of yeast for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is the most promising method, as it allows obtaining a large amount of nanomaterial. The synthesis, thanks to yeast method, allows us to control the size and shape of the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles obtained from yeast lysates have effective antibacterial and antifilm-forming activity.
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Karim, N. A., Muhammad M. Ramli, C. M. R. Ghazali, N. H. Osman, G. Denesh, and C. A. I. Nadia. "Synthesis of graphene oxide from synthetic graphite utilizing oil palm trunk waste via modification of hummers’ method." In PROCEEDINGS OF GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE 2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044867.

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Mawaddah, Mitha Ocdyani, Agung Bagus Pambudi, Adelia Riska Pratiwi, and Fredy Kurniawan. "Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using photo-induced reduction method." In THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON CHEMISTRY: Green Chemistry and its Role for Sustainability. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5082487.

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Monka, Nataliya, Anna Nakonechna, Viktor Zvarych, Volodymyr Novikov, and Vira Lubenets. "Green method for the synthesis of crotonolactone and its thiosulfonate derivatives." In Chemical technology and engineering. Lviv Polytechnic National University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/cte2019.01.271.

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Basyrova, L. R., R. N. Maksimov, V. A. Shitov, and E. O. Aleksandrov. "Synthesis of transparent Lu3Al5O12 ceramic by solid-state reaction method." In 3RD ELECTRONIC AND GREEN MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2017 (EGM 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5002900.

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Rohova, Maryna, Vladyslav Kovalenko, Volodymyr Tkachenko, Inna Lych, and Iryna Voloshyna. "Green Biosynthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.iv.12.

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Currently there is a growing need for the development of an environmentally friendly process of synthesis of nanoparticles, during which no toxic chemicals are used. That is why an important area of research in nanotechnology sphere is the synthesis of metal nanoparticles by microorganisms such as bacteria and yeast (detoxification often occurs by reduction of metal ions/formation of metal sulfides). Bacteria are the organism of choice due to their fast growth, high efficiency and low cost. Metal nanoparticles exhibit antimicrobial properties, but the properties of nanoparticles depend on their size and shape, making them specific for different applications. Nevertheless, the desired size and shape of nanoparticles can be obtained by optimizing the synthesis process through manipulating their reaction conditions. Microbial synthesis of nanoparticles is an alternative to chemical and physical methods, as it is non-toxic and biocompatible. Despite the relevance of the application of the “green synthesis” method in the field of nanotechnology, biosynthesis by bacterial organisms has certain disadvantages, such as a high probability of pathogenicity, labour-intensive cultivation, and pollution problems. Ultimately, there is a need to explore more potential microorganisms for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. The paper provides a review of literature data on the biosynthesis of zinc nanoparticles using lactic acid microorganisms. It was shown that bacteria are capable of synthesizing both extracellular and intracellular nanoparticles in the wavelength range of 315-392 nm. Data on the manifestation of antimicrobial properties by zinc nanoparticles against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial microorganisms and micromycetes.
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Li, Yongqiu, Jin Xu, Keyou Wang, and Guojie Li. "An Improved Characteristics Method Based on Step-Synthesis for Natural Gas Systems Simulation." In 2022 Power System and Green Energy Conference (PSGEC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/psgec54663.2022.9881162.

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Samhitha, S. Shiva, B. Ajay Kumar, G. Raghavendra, and P. Hima Bindu. "Saraca indica as reducing agent for synthesis of modified copper oxide nanoparticles at low temperatures using green synthesis method." In NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS: NCPCM2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0061021.

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Tshai, Kim Hoe, Noorhana Yahya, Fai Kait Chong, and Vooi Voon Yap. "Optimization of green synthesis of ammonia by magnetic induction method using response surface methodology." In 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES (ICFAS 2014): Innovative Research in Applied Sciences for a Sustainable Future. AIP Publishing LLC, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4898470.

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Reports on the topic "GREEN SYNTHESIS METHOD"

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Harriss-White, Barbara. The Green Revolution and Poverty in Northern Tamil Nadu: a Brief Synthesis of Village-Level Research in the Last Half-Century. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2020.001.

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Between 1972 and 2014, in Northern Tamil Nadu (NTN), India, the Green Revolution (GR) in agriculture was studied through five rounds of village-level studies (VLS). Over the decades, the number of villages dwindled; from 11, rigorously and randomly selected (together with a ‘Slater’ village first studied in 1916), through to a set of three villages in a rural–urban complex around a market town, to one of the original eleven, in the fifth round. During the reorganisation of districts in 1989, the villages sited on the Coromandel plain shifted administratively from North Arcot, a vanguard GR district, to Tiruvannamalai, described then as relatively backward. A wide range of concepts, disciplines, scales, field methods and analytical approaches were deployed to address i) a common core of questions about the economic and social implications of technological change in agriculture and ii) sets of other timely questions about rural development, which changed as the project lengthened. Among the latter was poverty.
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