Journal articles on the topic 'Green space networks'
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1
Cai, Zhenrao, Dan Gao, Xin Xiao, Linguo Zhou, and Chaoyang Fang. "The Flow of Green Exercise, Its Characteristics, Mechanism, and Pattern in Urban Green Space Networks: A Case Study of Nangchang, China." Land 12, no. 3 (March 13, 2023): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12030673.
Abstract:
An urban green space network provides safe and green exercise routes for residents. This study selected Nanchang as the study area. Using fitness application data, we explored the mobility of people exercising in the network, i.e., the flow of green exercise. Spatial analysis based on social networks, GIS, and the gravity model was used to analyze the nodes, network characteristics, and mechanism of the flow of green exercise. The results show that there were differences in the hierarchy and attractiveness of nodes. Distance had an important influence on green exercise. It was found that walkers moved between adjacent parks, runners visited more parks and corridors, while cyclists covered longer distances and preferred to explore suburban green spaces. The length of the exercise route in green spaces had a positive effect on mobility. Because of the many combinations of patches and corridors, three flow subnetworks were formed. In addition, the green space network expanded the scope of exercise services in the central node. The management of green spaces should pay attention to the social value of urban green space networks and create a hierarchical and interconnected green space for exercisers.
2
Huang, Bo-Xun, Shang-Chia Chiou, and Wen-Ying Li. "Landscape Pattern and Ecological Network Structure in Urban Green Space Planning: A Case Study of Fuzhou City." Land 10, no. 8 (July 22, 2021): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080769.
Abstract:
During the process of urbanization, many green spaces are fragmented for other uses. The key problems for researchers and planners are reducing the fragmentation of green spaces, constructing urban ecological networks, and maintaining sustainable environments to cope with the rapid urbanization process. This paper analyzes Fuzhou, China as a case study of the effects of urbanization, and reviews three epochs in Fuzhou: 2000, 2010, and 2021. First, the integration degree of landscape pattern index and spatial syntactic attribute value is used to quantify the urbanization situation of Fuzhou and the degree of green space fragmentation in the process of urbanization. Second, it adopts the network analysis method to construct an urban ecological network featuring “one city and two rings”. Finally, urban green spaces are assessed by the corridor structure analysis, and the improvement of the urban green space ecological network is quantitatively evaluated by comparing the green space ecological network with the green space planning system. The results show that the urbanization of Fuzhou city center is apparent and the fragmentation of urban green space is a serious issue from 2000 to 2021. The green space planning in Fuzhou is ineffective in improving the existing green space. According to the results, the street integration of space syntax aptly reflects the process of urbanization. In conclusion, the planned ecological network increases the shape complexity of green patches and landscape connectivity and reduces landscape fragmentation, thus improving the urban ecological environment quality and facilitating the sustainability of urban green spaces.
3
Li, Zhiming, Xiyang Chen, Zhou Shen, and Zhengxi Fan. "Evaluating Neighborhood Green-Space Quality Using a Building Blue–Green Index (BBGI) in Nanjing, China." Land 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2022): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11030445.
Abstract:
High-quality urban green space (UGS) is an integral part of a livable city. The scientific evaluation of UGS has great value for improving the quality and efficiency of green spaces. In this study, we integrated the water and walking networks into the existing green index model and proposed a new green index: the building blue–green index (BBGI). Using this method, we analyzed the quality of green spaces within 300 m of 2138 buildings located in 13 communities in the Mochou Lake subdistrict in Nanjing, China. The results revealed that the green-space quality of high-rise, low-density buildings was greater than that of low-rise, high-density buildings. In addition, buildings close to water had higher green-space quality, while impervious surfaces reduced green-space quality. Furthermore, the connectivity and orientation of the road network indicated that even if a community was close to large parks and water bodies, there would still be lower green-space quality. This study’s findings highlight the usefulness of evaluation methods for green-space quality that combine blue and green spaces. We also propose feasible measures for improving neighborhood green-space planning and land management.
4
Mu, Bo, Chang Liu, Guohang Tian, Yaqiong Xu, Yali Zhang, Audrey L. Mayer, Rui Lv, Ruizhen He, and Gunwoo Kim. "Conceptual Planning of Urban–Rural Green Space from a Multidimensional Perspective: A Case Study of Zhengzhou, China." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 3, 2020): 2863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072863.
Abstract:
The structure and function of green-space system is an eternal subject of landscape architecture, especially due to limited land and a need for the coordinated development of PLEs (production, living, and ecological spaces). To make planning more scientific, this paper explored green-space structure planning via multidimensional perspectives and methods using a case study of Zhengzhou. The paper applies theories (from landscape architecture and landscape ecology) and technologies (like remote sensing, GIS—geographic information system, graph theory, and aerography) from different disciplines to analyze current green-space structure and relevant physical factors to identify and exemplify different green-space planning strategies. Overall, our analysis reveals that multiple green-space structures should be considered together and that planners and designers should have multidisciplinary knowledge. For specific strategies, the analysis finds (i) that green complexes enhance various public spaces and guide comprehensive development of urban spaces; (ii) that green ecological corridors play a critical role in regional ecological stability through maintaining good connectivity and high node degree (Dg) and betweenness centrality index (BC) green spaces; (iii) that greenway networks can integrate all landscape resources to provide more secured spaces for animals and beautiful public spaces for humans; (iv) that blue-green ecological networks can help rainwater and urban flooding disaster management; and (v) that green ventilation corridors provide air cleaning and urban cooling benefits, which can help ensure healthy and comfortable urban–rural environments. In our view, this integrated framework for planning and design green-space structure helps make the process scientific and relevant for guiding future regional green-space structure.
5
Xiu, Na, Maria Ignatieva, and Cecil Konijnendijk van den Bosch. "THE CHALLENGES OF PLANNING AND DESIGNING URBAN GREEN NETWORKS IN SCANDINAVIAN AND CHINESE CITIES." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1210047.
Abstract:
During the 20th century, a variety of concepts were developed aimed to provide frameworks for green space planning and design in urban areas. Both China and Scandinavia represent important experience in green space planning and management. However, none of the current concepts is generated based on the explicit combination of both a Western and Eastern context. In this paper, based on the analysis of various green space planning concepts and their development, a novel “hybrid’ approach is introduced. This “Green Network’ concept focuses on green and blue connectivity in urban areas and comprises the network of green spaces and the surface water system within and around settlements. The concept offers a platform for integrating best practices from Scandinavian and Chinese open space planning and can provide a guiding tool for sustainable urban development.
6
Fuller, Richard A., and Kevin J. Gaston. "The scaling of green space coverage in European cities." Biology Letters 5, no. 3 (February 25, 2009): 352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0010.
Abstract:
Most people on the planet live in dense aggregations, and policy directives emphasize green areas within cities to ameliorate some of the problems of urban living. Benefits of urban green spaces range from physical and psychological health to social cohesion, ecosystem service provision and biodiversity conservation. Green space coverage differs enormously among cities, yet little is known about the correlates or geography of this variation. This is important because urbanization is accelerating and the consequences for green space are unclear. Here, we use standardized major axis regression to explore the relationships between urban green space coverage, city area and population size across 386 European cities. We show that green space coverage increases more rapidly than city area, yet declines only weakly as human population density increases. Thus, green space provision within a city is primarily related to city area rather than the number of inhabitants that it serves, or a simple space-filling effect. Thus, compact cities (small size and high density) show very low per capita green space allocation. However, at high levels of urbanicity, the green space network is robust to further city compaction. As cities grow, interactions between people and nature depend increasingly on landscape quality outside formal green space networks, such as street plantings, or the size, composition and management of backyards and gardens.
7
Huang, Yao Zhi, Qing Yu Li, and Yin Bo Zhou. "Ecological Solution Research for Water Network Protection of Small Towns in Southern Jiangsu." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 3749–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.3749.
Abstract:
Water network play an important role in the natural and human environment, green network is basis for achieving ecology; town is main focus of environment which is hot research issue. Systematic layout of the water network, green and urban space is core contents for ecology planning in water networks. The article research ecology through water networks and green, therefore, distribution problem such as water, green land and construction land could be solved properly; we can achieve comprehensive development on the premise of ecological function, thus, human and natural's networks and ecological combination can be achieved at the same time.
8
Zhou, Yuan, Jing Yao, Mingkun Chen, and Mi Tang. "Optimizing an Urban Green Space Ecological Network by Coupling Structural and Functional Connectivity: A Case for Biodiversity Conservation Planning." Sustainability 15, no. 22 (November 10, 2023): 15818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152215818.
Abstract:
Strengthening and optimizing the spatial structure and functional connectivity of green space ecological networks can not only relieve the tight urban space and provide biodiversity protection but also promote the virtuous cycle of the urban ecosystem and provide a new method for the resilient development of the urban landscape. In this study, the central area of Chengdu was taken as the study area; Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) with landscape metrics were combined to determine the optimal distance threshold and identify the ecological sources. Graph theory and circuit theory were applied to construct and optimize the green space ecological network with structural or functional connectivity, respectively. Based on the coupling effect, the optimization of the ecological network was put forward, and the network analysis method was used to evaluate the connectivity of three different types of ecological networks. The results were as follows: (1) The ecological network with structural connectivity was composed of 74 stepping stones, 43 protective sources, and 315 ecological corridors. The connectivity of green space structures gradually decreased from west to east and from periphery to center. (2) In the optimal ecological network with functional connectivity, 176 important ecological corridors were protected, and 40 pinch points and 48 protective sources were identified. The number of important corridors in the east and south was the largest, and the network structure was relatively complex. The barriers were divided into three different levels of ecological restoration areas. (3) The green ecological network with structural and functional connectivity has the best network connectivity. A green space ring network optimization pattern of one center, two belts, multi-points, multi-corridors, and multi-zones connected in a series was proposed. It was suggested to build a multi-level forest ecosystem in Longquan Mountain, develop eco-fruit agriculture and eco-tourism, enrich the biodiversity of the ecological source, and improve its anti-interference ability to the external environment. It is also important to increase ecological strategic points and stepping stones to strengthen the links between different ecological restoration areas, properly handle the use of cultivated land in different regions, strictly observe the red line of cultivated land, and maintain the integrity and diversity of ecological sources. Therefore, the optimization method of the green space ecological network in this study provides technical support for the effective determination of ecological protection areas, the accurate implementation of green space ecological networks, and a scientific planning strategy for decision-makers.
9
Jiang, Yunfang, Shidan Jiang, and Tiemao Shi. "Comparative Study on the Cooling Effects of Green Space Patterns in Waterfront Build-Up Blocks: An Experience from Shanghai." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 8684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228684.
Abstract:
Different structural patterns of waterfront green space networks in built-up areas have different synergistic cooling characteristics in cities. This study’s aim is to determine what kinds of spatial structures and morphologies of waterfront green spaces offer a good cooling effect, combined with three different typical patterns in Shanghai. A multidimensional spatial influence variable system based on the cooling effect was constructed to describe the spatial structural and morphological factors of the green space network. The ENVI-met 4.3 software, developed by Michael Bruse at Bochum, German, was used to simulate the microclimate distribution data, combined with the boosted regression tree (BRT) model and the correlation analysis method. The results showed that at the network level, the distance from the water body and the connectivity of green space had a stronger cooling correlation. The orientation of green corridors consistent with a summer monsoon had larger cooling effect ranges. In terms of spatial morphology, the vegetation sky view factor (SVF) and Vegetation Surface Albedo (VSAlbedo) had an important correlation with air temperature (T), and the green corridor with a 20–25 m width had the largest marginal effect on cooling. These results will provide useful guidance for urban climate adaptive planning and design.
10
Cozza, Cassandra. "La riqualificazione dei margini urbani per la vivibilità locale e la riconnessione delle reti." TERRITORIO, no. 103 (December 2023): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2022-103007oa.
Abstract:
Urban fringes are strategic resources for contemporary cities. They contain uncertain spatialities which could host significant open space enhancements through design actions aimed at climate adaptation and mitigation, to improve local livability and reconnect cross-scalar networks. They are places of multiple relations where different conditions – natural and agricultural green spaces and corridors, infrastructural networks with nodes and connections, decentralized historical and rural fabrics, slow mobility networks, marginal areas, abandoned spaces and leftovers – come together. This section collects papers and design experiments which investigate fringe renewal in relation to various spatial elements: architecture, abandoned spaces, open spaces, green areas and forestation.
11
Alfaris, Seema K. "The Green Network Panoramic Vision." Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal 6, no. 2 (September 10, 2022): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v6n2y2022.pp89-98.
Abstract:
Most cities worldwide suffer from the unequal distribution of urban areas and country areas around them and the growth of dangerous environmental issues. One of the primary causes of the imbalance is the continued expansion of building blocks and urban development against the open spaces and green areas either in or out of cities. Furthermore, the natural landscape, in general, has a significant impact on protecting the climate from rising temperatures and pollutants. So the aim of this research is to identify a panoramic vision of a green network and get to use sustainable land in a strong and socially solid society. As a result, the research problem reads: there is dispersion and disintegration in urban open space planning and its development. To solve the research problem, a hypothesis is proposed stating that “the absence of a panoramic vision of green networks and disconnection with the surrounding region is one of the most important causes of dispersion in those spaces”. Erbil city is one of the Iraqi cities in the northern part, was chosen as a case study to examine the green network components or elements. The results showed that Erbil has many aspects of the green network. This study offers some suggestions to fulfill the missing parts of it.
12
Guedaouria, Hadja, Mebarka Daoudi, Youcef Benmoussa, and Abdelhak Maazouzi. "Irrigation Network Requirements for Watering Urban Green Space in Semiarid Region." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 973, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/973/1/012013.
Abstract:
Abstract The presence of green spaces in cities is a vital thing as it contributes to raising the quality of urban life, increasing environmental diversity, improving the social aspect of the individual and society, increasing economic income and adding an aesthetic aspect to cities. In this work, a powerful design steps of drip and sprinkler irrigation networks is presented to watering an area about 300m^2of green space at semiarid region in Algeria. The first step consists of the hydraulic sizing of drip irrigation system for different dripper flow (from 4 l/h to 23 l/h), the next step concerned the sprinkler irrigation using two models of sprinkler the first one is IPN-5-F characterized by radius 1.5m, flow 0.09 m^3/h and arc 360° and the second one is IPN-12H characterized by radius 3m. The dripper with flow 15l/h and the sprinkler 12’ are the suitable in terms of the irrigation hours and the energy requirement to run the solar pump. The values of irrigation frequency in drip and sprinkler irrigation are closed from 1 for drip to two days for sprinkler, in other hand the flow rate in drip irrigation network is negligent comparing with sprinkler irrigation network. In these conditions, it is useful to install only one pump with the greater debit for the two networks of irrigation using pressure reducer in manifold pipes of drip irrigation network.
13
Asprogerakas, E., and A. Tasopoulou. "Climate change and green networks. Spatial planning provisions at the Greek metropolitan areas." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 899, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/899/1/012053.
Abstract:
Abstract Climate change has recently emerged in the scientific dialogue as an important environmental issue. Several policies from the global to the local level have been formulated to frame the actions and measures that will enhance the resilience of societies and space. The focus is on outlining goals, objectives, and strategies both for mitigating climate change impacts and for adapting to reduce its effects and ameliorate vulnerability. The Greek National Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change (2016) includes certain adaptation measures that relate to the design, increase and integration of open / green spaces, and recognises spatial planning as a framework for the effective coordination of adaptation policies. This work focuses on the recording and evaluation of relevant policies that are formed at the metropolitan level in Greece, with emphasis on the organisation of green networks, as provided by strategic spatial planning. The study reveals that the effective contribution of spatial planning lies largely in the way it is utilised as a governance tool for policy coordination and management and the efficient integration of the planning system, from the national to the local level.
14
Song, Jiyoon, Jessica Hemingway, and Chang Sug Park. "Perspective Swap from Central Europe to East Asia: How Relevant Is Urban Environmental Acupuncture in Small-Scale Green Space Development in the Context of the Republic of Korea?" Land 13, no. 3 (February 27, 2024): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13030298.
Abstract:
A lack of green space, driven by intense urbanization, has resulted in adverse effects on human life and ecosystems. These adverse effects include, but are not limited to, urban heat islands, disruption to ecological networks, and fragmentation of human and animal habitats. Despite the critical need to improve climate resilience through green infrastructure expansion, not enough is being done to improve conditions globally. This study investigates the Urban Environmental Acupuncture (UEA) concept, exploring its potential application in Korea to implement green infrastructure in dense urban areas. Korea was selected as a case study due to its high population density and the urgent long-term need to safeguard urban green spaces. Semi-structured interviews with experts working in park and green space policy among Korean local governments were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis based on research questions. The results point to challenges in applying the UEA concept related to Korea’s urban green space policies, including land acquisition difficulties, insufficient information and research, and difficulties in continuous management with micro green spaces. Moreover, we provide strategies to overcome the challenges of UEA implementation within Korea. The findings and proposed strategies offer insight to those facing similar conditions such as high population density and limited delegated land for green space expansion.
15
Ababneh, Alaa. "Smart urban management of green space." Journal of Design for Resilience in Architecture and Planning 4, no. 3 (December 17, 2023): 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47818/drarch.2023.v4i3101.
Abstract:
This paper aims to explore the concept and applications of smart urban green spaces within the context of sustainable cities. It emphasizes the importance of urban green spaces in providing ecological, social, and economic benefits, such as carbon sequestration, air and water purification, and improved well-being. The paper delves into integrating advanced technologies, including the Internet of Things (IoT), sensor networks, and data analytics, to create smart urban green spaces that optimize resource efficiency and enhance maintenance and operations. Sustainable practices, such as water conservation and biodiversity preservation, are examined for their role in ensuring the long-term viability and resilience of green spaces. The challenges and potential barriers to implementing smart urban green spaces, such as funding and governance issues, are discussed, as well as strategies for overcoming them. Additionally, the paper presents case studies and examples from around the world to showcase successful initiatives in creating smart urban green spaces. By exploring these concepts and applications, this paper contributes to the understanding and advancement of smart urban management of green spaces for sustainable cities.
16
Kwon, Oh-Sung, Jin-Hyo Kim, and Jung-Hwa Ra. "Landscape Ecological Analysis of Green Network in Urban Area Using Circuit Theory and Least-Cost Path." Land 10, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10080847.
Abstract:
Quantitative securing of green space in already developed cities has many practical limitations due to socio-economic limitations. Currently, South Korea is planning a green network to secure and inject effective green space, but it is difficult to reflect it in the actual space plan due to the abstract plan. This study utilizes circuit theory and least-cost path methods for presenting a green network that is objectified and applicable to spatial planning. First, an analysis of the Least-cost Path revealed 69 least-cost paths between 43 core green areas of the study site. Most least-cost paths have been identified as passing through small green areas and streams in the city. Using the circuit theory, it was also possible to distinguish areas other than least-cost paths from areas with high potential for development, areas where target species are concentrated within corridors. In particular, areas with relatively high green network improvement effects were derived within and around corridors. This study is most significant in establishing and evaluating existing urban green networks, overcoming the limitations discussed at the linear level and expanding to the area level. To increase the utilization of this study in the future, field surveys and monitoring studies on target species need to be supplemented.
17
Zandieh, Razieh, Javier Martinez, and Johannes Flacke. "Older Adults’ Outdoor Walking and Inequalities in Neighbourhood Green Spaces Characteristics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 9, 2019): 4379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224379.
Abstract:
Outdoor walking has considerable benefits for healthy ageing and older adults are recommended to walk regularly. However, older adults living in high-deprivation areas walk less than those living in low-deprivation areas. Previous research has shown that the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., proximity, attractiveness, size, and number) may influence outdoor walking. This study examines spatial inequalities in the characteristics of neighbourhood green spaces in high- versus low-deprivation areas and their possible influences on disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. For this purpose, it included a sample of 173 participants (≥65 years) and used secondary data and a geographic information system (GIS) to objectively measure neighbourhood green spaces characteristics. Geographic positioning system (GPS) technology was used to objectively measure outdoor walking levels. Data on participants’ personal characteristics were collected by questionnaire. The results indicate that one characteristic of neighbourhood green spaces (i.e., size) is positively related to outdoor walking levels. They show that inequalities in neighbourhood green spaces’ size in high- versus low-deprivation areas may influence disparities in older adults’ outdoor walking levels. Despite inequalities in other neighbourhood green space characteristics (e.g., proximity, attractiveness, and number) in high- versus low-deprivation areas, no relationship was found between these neighbourhood green space characteristics and participants’ outdoor walking levels. Enhancing the distribution or creation of large neighbourhood green spaces (e.g., through creating green space networks) may enhance outdoor walking among older residents, especially in high-deprivation areas.
18
Ding, Zhenhui, Jiajie Cao, and Yan Wang. "The Construction and Optimization of Habitat Networks for Urban–Natural Symbiosis: A Case Study of the Main Urban Area of Nanjing." Forests 14, no. 1 (January 11, 2023): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14010133.
Abstract:
Maintaining ecological balance relies on biodiversity, and habitat network construction plays an imperative role in preserving biodiversity in regional areas. Nevertheless, there is a problem with the current habitat network construction, which focuses exclusively on ecological benefits without taking other benefits into account as well. In this paper, six species of birds with varying habitat types and varying adaptabilities to city life are selected as target species to build a habitat network based on the InVEST model, Circuit Theory, and Linkage Mapper, focusing on nuclei, patches, corridors, and islands for the harmonious coexistence of human-green space-birds in the most densely populated area of Nanjing, and to refine landscape design techniques for habitat creation. Below is a summary of the main results. Firstly, there is a direct relationship between species distribution and migration capabilities and the urbanization adaptation capabilities of species. Meanwhile, habitat quality has a significant impact on bird species distribution. Furthermore, the habitat network in Nanjing’s main urban area has a distributed and partially degraded core area, a single connectivity structure with poor functionality, and significant fragmentation of habitat patches. Finally, as a result of the above results, two perspectives of ecological landscape planning and design are proposed to optimize the relevant green space landscape in Nanjing’s central urban areas based on biodiversity and satisfying the tripartite symbiosis of humans, green space, and birds in the city. By planning and implementing habitat networks, it is possible to enhance the habitat quality of urban green spaces to a certain extent and provide new ideas for the overall planning of urban–natural systems.
19
Zhang, Junjie, Junji Liu, Hong Yang, Junping Quan, Li Wang, Qixiao He, and Fanmiao Li. "Satisfaction Evaluation for Underpass Green Spaces in Mountainous Cities under the Perspective of Environmental Perception." Buildings 13, no. 6 (June 9, 2023): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061489.
Abstract:
The overpasses and the terrain under them in Chongqing, a mountainous city in China, are complex and diverse, and some spaces under the overpasses are integrated and reconstructed into the underpass green space for citizens to stroll about or have a rest. From the perspective of visitor perception, this paper constructs a perception evaluation system of the environmental characteristics of underpass green space in mountainous cities from the following five environmental perception dimensions: path organization, security, aesthetic value, physical environment, activities and cultural. The IPA-Kano model is used to quantify environmental perception, and the main environmental factors affecting the improvement of recreation satisfaction of underpass green space in three types of terrain are explored, with a view to improving the environment and service functions of underpass green spaces in high-density interchange networks in mountainous cities, and enhancing the attractiveness of underpass green spaces. It can be found from the study that: (1) Among the five environmental perception dimensions, visitors pay more attention to the physical environment quality of the underpass green space and their physical and psychological activity experience, while their demands for visual senses are relatively low. Due to the deficiency or lack of leisure facilities, sports facilities, children’s playgrounds and amusement equipment, the dimension of “activities and cultural perception” of the underpass green space has the lowest scores of all. (2) The existing sites, facilities and landscape resources of the underpass green space, different terrain types and underpass environment are the important reasons that affect the performance of environmental perception factors and their priority ranking results. (3) The improvement of security of the arrival path or sports facilities is beneficial to improve visitor satisfaction of underpass green space of three types of terrain. The number of environmental factors to be optimized of the three types of terrain are ranked as: mountainous green space > flat green space > concave green space. Among them, four environmental factors have a high priority in two kinds of underpass green space, which are the distribution and quantity of leisure facilities, the effect of noise reduction and sound insulation, the adequacy of activity venues and the distribution and quantity of sports facilities. Finally, according to the particularity of the underpass environment and the characteristics of three types of terrain, this paper puts forward some suggestions for optimizing the service function of underpass green space from five perceptual dimensions.
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Li, Xiaoxia, Guozhu Xia, Tao Lin, Zhonglin Xu, and Yao Wang. "Construction of Urban Green Space Network in Kashgar City, China." Land 11, no. 10 (October 18, 2022): 1826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101826.
Abstract:
With the new round of western development being pushed forward and territorial spatial planning being put into place, northwest China’s urbanization rate has sped up. Urbanization will inevitably affect the city’s general landscape pattern and features, aggravating the landscape’s fragmentation and destroying the urban ecological environment. That threatens the well-being of the residents and the city’s biodiversity. Urban green space provides a habitat for the creatures in the city, and its connectivity provides corridors. Researchers and planners have developed green space networks to protect urban biodiversity and satisfy urban residents’ needs for recreation and ecologically friendly open space. This study uses RS, GIS, SeNtinel Application Platform (SNAP), and Conefor Sensinode. Applying the landscape connectivity index, least-cost path model, and corridor curvature analysis to identify potential recreation and biodiversity conservation corridors with a reasonable width, identifies good quality green space patches and corridors, or which ones need improvement. The results show that: (1) The patches selected by the possible connectivity index (PC) calculated with a threshold of 100 m in the urban area of Kashgar have higher recreational attributes. (2) There are 24 effective recreational corridors in Kashgar, with a total length of 43.44 km, and 53 effective biodiversity conservation corridors, a total of 78.23 km. Suppose recreational and ecological functions are considered to build a comprehensive green space network. The 50 m recreational corridor is mainly distributed in the center, and the 30 m biodiversity conservation corridor is primarily distributed on edge. (3) We can determine the location of the new green space suitable for protection or development by analyzing the corridor curvature. Through the constructed green space network, we can find that green space planning has severe fragmentation, unfair distribution, and other problems. Based on these issues, optimizing urban green space can promote the connectivity of urban green space. Furthermore, studying the width of corridors suitable for dense urban areas is conducive to protecting urban biodiversity and resident well-being.
21
Elhanafy, Heba. "The State of Public Space in Lusaka." Journal of Public Space 7, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v7i1.1537.
Abstract:
Lusaka, a city of around three million people, faces massive urban growth challenges. Designed on the Garden City planning paradigm principles, the city currently lacks open public recreational spaces. The lack of public space is often linked to the high land value alongside the high demand for housing, the lack of national government prioritization of public space provision policies, and a general lack of financial resources available to Lusaka's local council.This article explores the state of formal public spaces in Lusaka, its urban history, development patterns, and the effects of these factors on everyday life and social interactions. It also outlines different private sector attempts to make up for the lack of public spaces through the provision of private green spaces (e.g., green private entertainment centres, private play parks, private back yards, and front yards) and the commercial units and malls that cover some public space functions. It asks questions on where kids play (e.g., private play parks, mall play parks, etc.) and highlights the design elements preventing streets from becoming lively public spaces (e.g., walls and roads).The article also examines Lusaka's plans for creating green and open spaces networks inside the city and their applicability. It studies public space provision plans in Lusaka's Development Plan 2030 and older public space provision attempts. It highlights the urgency and the importance of taking serious steps towards public space provision in the city now. The article used field research, mapping, desktop research, and interviews.
22
Rizzo, Biancamaria. "Policy-Making in Metropolitan Areas: The Aniene River as a Green Infrastructure between Roma and Tivoli." International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal 19, no. 1 (September 15, 2017): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ipcj-2017-0003.
Abstract:
The European policies acknowledge greenways and “Green Infrastructure” as strategically planned and delivered networks comprising the broadest range of green spaces and other environmental features. The Aniene River, linking the eastern suburbs of Rome to the City of Tivoli, has been envisaged in a multi-level approach as a Green-Blue Infrastructure able to hinder land use fragmentation and provide new continuity to remainders of open space. In turn, landscape is taken into account as a biodiversity reservoir, the scenery of outstanding cultural heritage and the relevant backdrop of ordinary life.
23
Huang, Siying, Jinjin Zhu, Kunbei Zhai, Yang Wang, Hongxu Wei, Zhihui Xu, and Xinren Gu. "Do Emotional Perceptions of Visible Greeneries Rely on the Largeness of Green Space? A Verification in Nanchang, China." Forests 13, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 1192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081192.
Abstract:
Experiencing nature can induce the perception of happiness because of mental stress alleviation and well-being restoration. The largeness of green space may not always mean the frequency of experiencing greenery. It is arguing about the probability of positive sentiments in response to an experience of interacting with green nature. In this study, 38 green spaces were investigated in Nanchang City, China, where the green space area was evaluated by the largeness of the landscape metrics of the Normalized Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Green View Index (GVI) data were further obtained using Open Street Maps (OSM). The semantic segmentation method was used by machine learning to analyze a total of 1549 panoramic photos taken in field surveys to assess the Panoramic Green View Index (PGVI) proportion. The photos of 2400 people’s facial expressions were obtained from social networks at their check-in visits in green spaces and rated for happy and sad scores using FireFACE software. Split-plot analysis of variance suggested that different categories of NDVI largeness had a significant positive effect on posted positive sentiments. Multivariate linear regression indicated that PGVI was estimated to have a significant contribution to facial expression. Increasing the amount of PGVI promoted happy and PRI scores, while at the same time, neutral sentiments decreased with increasing PGVI. Overall, increasing the PGVI in green spaces, especially in parks with smaller green spaces, can be effective in promoting positive emotions in the visitor experience.
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Jiang, Mingyu, Hua Shao, Xingyu Zhu, and Yang Li. "Green Space Reverse Pixel Shuffle Network: Urban Green Space Segmentation Using Reverse Pixel Shuffle for Down-Sampling from High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images." Forests 15, no. 1 (January 19, 2024): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f15010197.
Abstract:
Urban green spaces (UGS) play a crucial role in the urban environmental system by aiding in mitigating the urban heat island effect, promoting sustainable urban development, and ensuring the physical and mental well-being of residents. The utilization of remote sensing imagery enables the real-time surveying and mapping of UGS. By analyzing the spatial distribution and spectral information of a UGS, it can be found that the UGS constitutes a kind of low-rank feature. Thus, the accuracy of the UGS segmentation model is not heavily dependent on the depth of neural networks. On the contrary, emphasizing the preservation of more surface texture features and color information contributes significantly to enhancing the model’s segmentation accuracy. In this paper, we proposed a UGS segmentation model, which was specifically designed according to the unique characteristics of a UGS, named the Green Space Reverse Pixel Shuffle Network (GSRPnet). GSRPnet is a straightforward but effective model, which uses an improved RPS-ResNet as the feature extraction backbone network to enhance its ability to extract UGS features. Experiments conducted on GaoFen-2 remote sensing imagery and the Wuhan Dense Labeling Dataset (WHDLD) demonstrate that, in comparison with other methods, GSRPnet achieves superior results in terms of precision, F1-score, intersection over union, and overall accuracy. It demonstrates smoother edge performance in UGS border regions and excels at identifying discrete small-scale UGS. Meanwhile, the ablation experiments validated the correctness of the hypotheses and methods we proposed in this paper. Additionally, GSRPnet’s parameters are merely 17.999 M, and this effectively demonstrates that the improvement in accuracy of GSRPnet is not only determined by an increase in model parameters.
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Nguyen, Phi-Yen, Thomas Astell-Burt, Hania Rahimi-Ardabili, and Xiaoqi Feng. "Green Space Quality and Health: A Systematic Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 21 (October 20, 2021): 11028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182111028.
Abstract:
(1) Background: As cities densify, researcher and policy focus is intensifying on which green space types and qualities are important for health. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether particular green space types and qualities have been shown to provide health benefits and if so, which specific types and qualities, and which health outcomes. (2) Methods: We searched five databases from inception up to June 30, 2021. We included all studies examining a wide range of green space characteristics on various health outcomes. (3) Results: 68 articles from 59 studies were found, with a high degree of heterogeneity in study designs, definitions of quality and outcomes. Most studies were cross-sectional, ecological or cohort studies. Environment types, vegetation types, and the size and connectivity of green spaces were associated with improved health outcomes, though with contingencies by age and gender. Health benefits were more consistently observed in areas with greater tree canopy, but not grassland. The main outcomes with evidence of health benefits included allergic respiratory conditions, cardiovascular conditions and psychological wellbeing. Both objectively and subjectively measured qualities demonstrated associations with health outcomes. (4) Conclusion: Experimental studies and longitudinal cohort studies will strengthen current evidence. Evidence was lacking for needs-specific or culturally-appropriate amenities and soundscape characteristics. Qualities that need more in-depth investigation include indices that account for forms, patterns, and networks of objectively and subjectively measured green space qualities.
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Liu, Qi, Li Hou, Sana Shaukat, Usman Tariq, Rabia Riaz, and Sanam Shahla Rizvi. "Perceptions of spatial patterns of visitors in urban green spaces for the sustainability of smart city." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 17, no. 8 (August 2021): 155014772110340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501477211034069.
Abstract:
Urban green spaces are really vital for the well-being of human in urban areas. In urban planning for green space site selection, the study of the bond among the usage of green spaces and their categories that really influence their use can provide useful references. A spatial and temporal research on the allocation of visitors in 157 green areas was carried out in Shanghai to know which green spaces are denser or crowdsourced by utilizing social media big data. We evaluated the association with statistical testing and Kernel Density Estimation among the spatial pattern of the visitor spread in urban green areas. We used check-in data from social media to test this study comparing the number of humans who visit various green parks. We have classified green areas into various categories and our main findings are focused on their characteristics: (1) famous category of green parks according to visitors’ preferences, (2) Differences in the number of visitors by daytime, and (3) crowdsourced area based upon number of check-ins. The main aim of this article is to remind policy makers of the value of providing local people access to green areas and to empower cities with a framework for contacting green parks with the purpose of increasing the comfort of urban people with the architecture of smart city.
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Rasli, Fateen Nabilla, and Kasturi Devi Kanniah. "Kuala Lumpur Green Space Fragmentation Index Analysis and Green Corridors Suggestion using Geographic Information System." Journal of Advanced Geospatial Science & Technology 3, no. 2 (August 30, 2023): 176–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jagst.v3n2.66.
Abstract:
More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas, and the United Nations has projected that nearly all future global population growth will occur in urban areas. Urbanization has caused rapid industrial, transportation and residential development at the expense of environmental deterioration. Activities involving large-scale land clearances are conducted to satisfy human needs for expansion. The clearances have caused green area fragmentation and patches, especially in the rapidly developing urban areas. This study is aimed at detecting the current coverage of green space in the metropolitan city of Kuala Lumpur (KL), the capital city of Malaysia and monitor its fragmentation using a very high spatial resolution satellite data. Green cover which includes trees, grass, and shrubs of KL was first extracted from the SPOT 6 data using Object Oriented method which can classified the green covers. The fragmented green spaces in KL were analyzed using a range of fragmentation indices namely Number of Patches, Edge Density, Class Area, Total Landscape Area, Mean Patch Size and Mean Shape Index using the Patch Analyst tool embedded in the ArcGIS software version 10.0 to study the patterns of green patches. The connectivity of the green patches was studied and proposed to overcome the fragmentation problems. Kuala Lumpur (KL) was chosen as the case study as it is a rapidly developing city with a significant loss of green space. The urban green spaces were more fragmented as there were more built-up areas. Results of the green cover extraction reveal that the KL city centre had the lowest percentage of green cover (2.09 %) area to the urban area compared to the other five zones (Sentul Manjalara 5.03 %, Wangsa Maju Maluri 6.09 %, Damansara Penchala 11.22 %, Bukit Jalil Seputeh 7.07 % and Bandar Tun Razak Sg Besi 7.42 %). Since KL’s urban growth predominantly consists of compact building blocks, the highest land use was believed to be for commercial purposes. Around 66% of industrial and commercial activities are concentrated in the KL city centre, resulting in a diverse green space structure and a growing gap between patches in the city centre zone. The green patches were then connected to create green corridors in the city centre. Several parameters were involved in the analysis, including area, distance, types of land use (green areas and place of interest for the origin and destination), slopes under 7% value (topology with flat surfaces) and road networks. The origin and destination points were analyzed using the network analysis method in Quantum GIS to produce routes with the shortest path algorithm. Results showed that six routes were suitable for designing green corridors in the KL city centre area connecting green spaces and places of interest. All six routes were analyzed every 400 meters using Google Earth Street View to see the surrounding facilities. The Green Corridor Route 6 was the most appropriate for people, as it included parks and places of interest for city dwellers. The green corridor could then be promoted as a walkable area to minimize carbon emissions in the urban area, reducing the urban heat island phenomenon and increasing green connectivity for a better urban life.
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Jing, Binbin, and Zhengjie Huang. "Green Wave Control Model Simultaneously Considering Passenger Cars and Buses in Closed Road Networks." Applied Sciences 14, no. 13 (July 2, 2024): 5772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14135772.
Abstract:
Existing green wave control methods for passenger cars and buses mainly focus on maximizing bandwidths at the arterial level. There is little research on green wave control for both at the closed road network level, which makes it difficult to improve the efficiency of the entire area. To address this, a green wave control model that considers both passenger cars and buses in closed road networks is presented in this paper. The objective function of the model is to maximize the sum of the weighted bandwidths of passenger cars and buses on each segment of the road network. The relationships between car green bands, bus green bands, offsets, phase sequences, red time, green time, etc. are analyzed on the level of arterials and road networks, respectively, using time–space diagrams. Based on these analyses, the key constraints of the model are constructed accordingly. In addition, 0/1 variables and a sufficiently large positive number M are introduced to relax some of the constraints to ensure that the presented model has feasible solutions. The results of the numerical example demonstrate that compared with the fixed phase sequence schemes 1, 2, and 3, the total weighted bandwidth generated by the presented model increased by 9.5%, 16.4%, and 17%, respectively. Compared with the model without constraint relaxation, the presented model can still find a global, optimal solution when the common cycle time is fixed, while the model without constraint relaxation has no feasible solution.
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Wan, Jixin, and Huosai Shi. "Research on Urban Renewal Public Space Design Based on Convolutional Neural Network Model." Security and Communication Networks 2021 (November 17, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9504188.
Abstract:
By establishing a database of urban space cases, machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms can be used to train computers to learn how to design urban spaces. Based on the basic concepts of machine learning and deep learning and their procedural logic, this paper explores the generation mode of traffic road network, neighborhood space form, and building function layout of urban space and uses the northern extension of the central green axis of the city as an application case to confirm its feasibility in order to seek a set of artificial intelligence-based urban space generation design method and provide a new idea for the innovative development of urban design methods.
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Karna, Ni Putu Feggy Cintya, I. Ketut Sukadana, and I. Nyoman Sutama. "Pengaturan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Berdasarkan Peraturan Daerah Kota Denpasar Nomor 27 Tahun 2011." Jurnal Interpretasi Hukum 1, no. 1 (August 20, 2020): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/juinhum.1.1.2183.44-48.
Abstract:
In this era, urban areas have become a problem that is quite difficult to overcome, especially in the matter of utilization of green open space caused by land demand continuing to increase. The problems discussed in this study are the coverage of green open space and the legal consequences of constructing buildings in green open space in the city of Denpasar. The type of the research used in this study is normative legal research with two types of sources of legal materials, primary and secondary. Data collection was carried out using a literature study which was then analyzed qualitatively. The results show that green open spaces in cities belong to the spaces in the form of areas or paths dominated by plants functioning as protection of certain habitats, city facilities, infrastructure safety networks, and/or agricultural cultivation as regulated in Regional Regulation of Denpasar City Number 27 of 2011 concerning the Spatial Planning for the City of Denpasar in 2011-2031. Furthermore, the legal consequences for violations of erecting buildings in green open spaces or controlling spatial use of urban areas are in the form of administrative sanctions for supervision activities which result in obstruction of the implementation of the spatial utilization program, both carried out by the permit recipient and the licensor. Types of administrative sanctions for the community consist of warnings and/or reprimands, temporary suspension of administrative services, temporary suspension of development activities and/or use of space, revocation of permits relating to spatial use, restoration of functions or rehabilitation of spatial functions, demolition of buildings not in accordance with the plan spatial planning, licensing/whitening, and the imposition of fines. There are also other sanctions in the form of imprisonment for a maximum of 6 (six) months or a maximum fine of IDR. 50,000,000.00, - (fifty million rupiah).
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Mahfud, Ali. "Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Maron Genteng Banyuwangi dan Pandangan Aspek Keagamaan." MOMENTUM : Jurnal Sosial dan Keagamaan 8, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 116–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/mmt.v8i2.32.
Abstract:
Abstract: The metamorphosis of public organizations in response to internal and external demands is manifested in the form of reform, revitalization and the formation of government networks. The government is required to always adjust to the development of the environment. This adjustment is an effort to respond to the development of society and the global environment. External factors require public organizations to be more flexible in governance. This article wants to discuss the efforts of the Banyuwangi Regency government and the collaboration that was carried out in order to fix green open space in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java. The approach used in writing this paper is a socio-legal approach that combines normative approaches with research results, assessment results, and other references and is reinforced by empirical research conducted through interviews and observations. This research found the existence of efforts by the city government to develop regulations related to the regulation of green open space as well as various collaborative efforts between government, civil society and the private sector in the implementation of the development of green open spaces in Banyuwangi Regency. The preparation of legal instruments and the establishment of government networks is actually part of the new public governance paradigm that seeks to optimize the roles of government and stake holders in the development of green open spaces. This study also found that the role of the community as a civil society was considered important in promoting democratic governance, the effectiveness of regulations that were oriented to the public interest.
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Park, Gon. "Assessment of Green Infrastructure for Conservation Planning using Cadastral Data in Seoul, South Korea." International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/essd.v3iss2.377.
Abstract:
Green infrastructure has been used for environmental conservation and management with many similar concepts such as green-space network, green-link network, and green-ways network based on the objectives of the cities for greening. Seoul established the 2030 Seoul City Master Plan that contains green-link network projects to connect critical green areas within the city. However, the plan does not have detailed analysis for the green infrastructure to incorporate land-cover information to many structural classes. This study maps green infrastructure networks of Seoul for complementing their green plans with identifying and ranking green areas. Hubs and links that are the main elements of green infrastructure have been identified through incorporating cadastral data of 967,502 parcels to 135 of land use maps using Geographic Information System. The study extracted 1,365 of green areas that represent an area of 24,530 ha within the city and buffered these areas to identify districts as critical green areas that have hubs and links. At a city scale, the study used 103,553 of parcel data for ranking extracted 20 districts, and 17,860 of parcel data for ranking extracted 42 links connecting the districts. At a district scale, this study used 87,826 of parcel data for analyzing the status of potential links within the districts and ranking these districts for green infrastructure. This assessment analyzes the main elements of green infrastructure and suggests site prioritization for green infrastructure under variable scenarios of green and developed areas in a metropolitan city.
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MacKinnon, Maggie, Maibritt Pedersen Zari, and Daniel K. Brown. "Improving Urban Habitat Connectivity for Native Birds: Using Least-Cost Path Analyses to Design Urban Green Infrastructure Networks." Land 12, no. 7 (July 21, 2023): 1456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12071456.
Abstract:
Habitat loss and fragmentation are primary threats to biodiversity in urban areas. Least-cost path analyses are commonly used in ecology to identify and protect wildlife corridors and stepping-stone habitats that minimise the difficulty and risk for species dispersing across human-modified landscapes. However, they are rarely considered or used in the design of urban green infrastructure networks, particularly those that include building-integrated vegetation, such as green walls and green roofs. This study uses Linkage Mapper, an ArcGIS toolbox, to identify the least-cost paths for four native keystone birds (kererū, tūī, korimako, and hihi) in Wellington, New Zealand, to design a network of green roof corridors that ease native bird dispersal. The results identified 27 least-cost paths across the central city that connect existing native forest habitats. Creating 0.7 km2 of green roof corridors along these least-cost paths reduced cost-weighted distances by 8.5–9.3% for the kererū, tūī, and korimako, but there was only a 4.3% reduction for the hihi (a small forest bird). In urban areas with little ground-level space for green infrastructure, this study demonstrates how least-cost path analyses can inform the design of building-integrated vegetation networks and quantify their impacts on corridor quality for target species in cities.
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Xiao, Zhetao, Yunlu Tian, and Lijun Hao. "Evolution of Green Space Based on Remote Sensing Images in Zhengdong New District." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (March 20, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3599045.
Abstract:
With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the socioeconomic development and environmental damage in Zhengdong New District of Zhengzhou City seriously threaten the development of green space. The paper focused on Zhengdong New District and selected four important nodes in 2007, 2011, 2015, and 2019 to interpret the remote sensing image, explore the local spatial evolution through the method of land use transfer model construction, extract the green space area conversion analysis information of the study area, and analyze the influence factors of its transformation. The research shows that from 2007 to 2019, the internal structure of green space in Zhengdong New District that were cultivated land, woodland, grassland, and water bodies, its showed different trends, and the dynamic changes were different. Among them, the area of cultivated land continued to decrease, the area of construction land continued to increase, the total area of woodland increased, the area of grassland and water bodies fluctuated, and the total green space was greatly reduced; the conversion of land types in Zhengdong New District mainly focused on the conversion of cultivated land to construction land, woodland, and grassland. The results shows that the green space of Zhengdong New District is affected by social, economic, natural, and other factors and various factors interact with each other. However, social and economic development factors are obviously stronger than natural and administrative factors on the evolution of green space area.
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Jaca Madariaga, Maite, ENARA ZARRABEITIA BILBAO, ROSA MARIA RIO BELVER, and MARIE FRANCINE MOENS. "GREEN HYDROGEN: A SOCIAL MEDIA INTELLIGENCE ANALYSIS." DYNA 99, no. 3 (May 1, 2024): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/11069.
Abstract:
Given the current state of climate change and the fight against it, green hydrogen has the potential to be the energy vector of the future within a context of decarbonisation. In this way, fossil fuels might be replaced by green hydrogen in those sectors that are most difficult to decarbonise. Therefore, in recent years it is becoming more and more common to hear about green hydrogen in society and the great advantages of using it, although, it also has some disadvantages, mostly related to higher costs and higher energy consumption. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to use social media intelligence for the topical issue of green hydrogen; i.e. the objective is to gather and analyse the social perception of it. For this purpose, taking the social media platform Twitter as our source of information, we extracted 625,794 green hydrogen tweets for the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. On the one hand, a social network analysis was carried out, obtaining different metrics and identifying the main communities that have been talking about green hydrogen in the digital sphere over the last three years. On the other hand, using artificial neural networks, a sentiment classification model was applied to the tweets with the aim of detecting the emotion generated by society. Accordingly, results were obtained and interpreted through a novel methodological combination. The network analysis revealed that the conversation taking place is not polarized and is a reflection of the digital agora that brings together citizens, media actors and actors from the economic-political space. In addition, the sentiment analysis conducted shows that the overall digital discussion is positive. Keywords: Green hydrogen, social media, text mining, artificial neural networks, social network analysis, social perception, technology and social change, Twitter
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Huang, Shengzhi, Han Hu, and Qing Zhu. "I2-FaçadeNet: An Illumination-invariant Façade Recognition Network Leveraging Sparsely Gated Mixture of Multi-color Space Experts for Aerial Oblique Imagery." Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing 90, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14358/pers.23-00033r2.
Abstract:
Façade image recognition under complex illumination conditions is crucial for various applications, including urban three-dimensional modeling and building identification. Existing methods relying solely on Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images are prone to texture ambiguity in complex illumination environments. Furthermore, façades display varying orientations and camera viewing angles, resulting in performance issues within the RGB color space. In this study, we introduce an illumination-invariant façade recognition network (I2-FaçadeNet) that leverages sparsely gated multi-color space experts for enhanced façade image recognition in challenging illumination environments. First, RGB façade images are converted into multi-color spaces to eliminate the ambiguous texture in complex illumination. Second, we train expert networks using separate channels of multi-color spaces. Finally, a sparsely gated mechanism is introduced to manage the expert networks, enabling dynamic activation of expert networks and the merging of results. Experimental evaluations leveraging both the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing benchmark data sets and the Shenzhen data sets reveal that our proposed I2 -FaçadeNet surpasses various depths of ResNet in façade recognition under complex illumination conditions. Specifically, the classification accuracy for poorly illuminated façades in Zurich improves by nearly 8%, while the accuracy for over-illuminated areas in Shenzhen increases by approximately 3%. Moreover, ablation studies conducted on façade images with complex illumination indicate that compared to traditional RGB-based ResNet, the proposed network achieves an accuracy improvement of 3% to 4% up to 100% for overexposed images and an accuracy improvement of 3% to 10% for underexposed images.
37
Meng, Lingchao, Kuo-Hsun Wen, Richard Brewin, and Qiong Wu. "Knowledge Atlas on the Relationship between Urban Street Space and Residents’ Health—A Bibliometric Analysis Based on VOSviewer and CiteSpace." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 18, 2020): 2384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062384.
Abstract:
In order to draw and analyze the current status of the research on the relationship between international urban street space (public space, public open space) and residents’ health, we explore the hotspots and frontiers of this research field and the overall evolution path from 1999 to 2019. This study uses 4552 related research articles included in the core database of Web of Science as the basis for data analysis, and uses the advantages of VOSviewer and CiteSpace’s bibliometric visualization software to study countries, institutions, literature keywords, and literature co-citation networks, combined with the Alluvial Generator analysis of landmark literature. In this research area, the research content is constantly enriching, including urban street networks, health systems, green spaces, road traffic, thermal comfort, and vulnerable people. The research methods are also constantly enriching. By analyzing and sorting out the current research status, research hotspots and possible future trends in this field of research, the paper hopes to provide more reference for research implementation.
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Sun, Yu, Xintong Ma, Yifeng Liu, and Lingquan Meng. "Salary Satisfaction of Employees at Workplace on a Large Area of Planted Land." Land 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2023): 2075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12112075.
Abstract:
Salary satisfaction (SS) perception by employees can be affected by psychological impacts from the workplace setting. Landscape attributes of green and blue spaces (GBS) may account for this effect, but relevant evidence is rarely verified. In this study, a total of 56 Chinese industrial parks were chosen as study sites, where employee satisfaction was assessed by rating facial expression scores (happy, sad, and neutral emotions) in photos obtained from social networks (Sina Weibo and Douyin). The structures of the GBSs were characterized remotely by largeness of size, height, and visible ratio of green view (GVI) in a 2 km radius buffer area around the workplace. Street view images from Baidu map were selected for estimating GVI using a pre-trained deep learning model and botanical experts evaluating woody plants’ diversity. The results indicated that SS can be estimated with the maximum likelihood analysis model against the happy score, which ranged within 8.37–18.38 (average: 13.30 ± 2.32) thousand RMB. A regression model indicated SS was lowered by a larger green space area in agreement with a reduced happy score. Further, sad scores in highland areas with tall plants and a strong depression on the happy score was associated with a greater plant diversity. Interesting from this study, the designed apparent size of green space should be considered in green space construction near a workplace to prevent perceptional decline towards SS, while blue space is irrelevant in this relationship. Similarly, the diversity of woody plants should be planned to control its negative impact on the perception of positive emotions, with plant diversity beyond a comfortable level perhaps further decreasing SS.
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Damian, Felicia Anisoara, Simona Moldovanu, and Luminita Moraru. "Color space influence on ANN skin lesion classification using statistics texture feature." Annals of the ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati Fascicle II Mathematics Physics Theoretical Mechanics 44, no. 1 (November 12, 2021): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/ann-ugal-math-phys-mec.2021.1.08.
Abstract:
This study aims to investigate the ability of an artificial neural network to differentiate between malign and benign skin lesions based on two statistics terms and for RGB (R red, G green, B blue) and YIQ (Y luminance, and I and Q chromatic differences) color spaces. The targeted statistics texture features are skewness (S) and kurtosis (K) which are extracted from the histograms of each color channel corresponding to the color spaces and for the two classes of lesions: nevi and melanomas. The extracted data is used to train the Feed-Forward Back Propagation Networks (FFBPNs). The number of neurons in the hidden layer varies: it can be 8, 16, 24, or 32. The results indicate skewness features computed for the red channel in the RGB color space as the best choice to reach the goal of our study. The reported result shows the advantages of monochrome channels representation for skin lesions diagnosis.
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Arienzo, Loredana. "Green RF/FSO Communications in Cognitive Relay-Based Space Information Networks for Maritime Surveillance." IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking 5, no. 4 (December 2019): 1182–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tccn.2019.2926707.
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Wang, Zhe, Yin-Pei Teng, Shuzhao Wu, and Huangxin Chen. "Does Green Finance Expand China’s Green Development Space? Evidence from the Ecological Environment Improvement Perspective." Systems 11, no. 7 (July 19, 2023): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11070369.
Abstract:
It is important to explore the intrinsic mechanism of green finance’s role in widening the green development space for China, in order to optimize the structure of green financial development and accelerate the construction of a modernized economic system. Taking ecological environment improvement as a new research perspective, this paper presents the impacts and mechanisms of green finance on the green development space of the economy and society through the fixed-effect model and moderating-effect model, based on panel data from 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2011 to 2020. The findings show that green finance development in China significantly expands the green development space of the economy and society, and this conclusion did not change after robustness tests such as replacing the main variables, adjusting the study interval, and considering endogeneity. In terms of its mechanism of action, ecological environment improvement plays an important mediating and regulating role in the process of green finance, essentially magnifying the green development space of the economy and society. In terms of a heterogeneity analysis, the effect of green finance on the expansion of the green development space is the largest in the eastern region, followed by the northeastern region, and the smallest in the central and western regions. In addition, the positive effect of green finance is relatively larger in regions with a higher urbanization level, government fiscal expenditure level, foreign investment level, and advanced industrial structure. The main contribution of this paper is to the field of green development, revealing the important role of the ecological benefits of green finance, which can help to achieve high-quality sustainable development in the economy and society.
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Summaniti, Luxsana. "Efficiency Accessibility of Eco-Friendly Circulation Network by Bicycle Way and Pedestrian Way Approach to Green University Maejo University, Chiang Mai Province." Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies (JARS) 12, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.56261/jars.v12i2.53107.
Abstract:
Research is a morphological spatial study. Purpose was to find an accessibility efficiency of circulation network based on green university concept, Space Syntax theory and Geo-Informatics System (GIS) to analyze eco-friendly circulation networks of pedestrian way and bicycle way. It found that circulation networks are linear and curve linear patterns. An Intanin road is the main road that has the highest accessibility efficiency of global integration value ([HH]), local integration value ([HH] R3) and connectivity integration value measured 2.8330, 4.0373 and 28, respectively. The correlation of connectivity and [HH], connectivity and [HH] R3 are quite low. These values show that people have difficulty in understanding and remembering the route of circulation networks. However, the circulation network has the advantage of having very high correlation of [HH] R3 and [HH] measured 0.8716 which mean that people have great alternatives of route choice in circulation network. Otherwise, it found that an accessibility efficiency of circulation network and existing pedestrian routes of user have not related with an existing university pedestrian network. Results from, characteristic of university pedestrian network are fragment and cannot linkage.
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Chang, Shihui, Kai Su, Xuebing Jiang, Yongfa You, Chuang Li, and Luying Wang. "Impacts and Predictions of Urban Expansion on Habitat Connectivity Networks: A Multi-Scenario Simulation Approach." Forests 14, no. 11 (November 3, 2023): 2187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14112187.
Abstract:
Urban expansion is leading to the loss and fragmentation of habitats, which poses a threat to wildlife. People are hopeful that, through scientific urban planning and the adoption of innovative models for human communities, such a situation can be improved. Thus, a case study was carried out in Nanning City, China, to extract habitats, build an ecological resistance surface, and construct a habitat connectivity network (HCN). To simulate changes to unused land in the future, we put forth the A (the parcel is divided into strips), B (the parcel is divided into two strips), C (the central area of the parcel is planned as a quadrangle), and D (opposite to Scenario C, the peripheral area is green space) scenarios of human communities that guarantee a 30% ratio of green space, and established the corresponding HCNs. The results indicate that: (1) Currently, the habitats cover approximately 153.24 km2 (34.08%) of the entire study area. The ecological corridors in this region amount to a total of 5337, and the topological indicators and robustness indicate a strong stability of the current HCN. (2) With urban expansion, once continuous habitats are being fragmented into smaller green spaces, it is estimated that the habitats will shrink by 64.60 km2. The topological indicators and robustness reveal that the stability of the HCNs becomes lower as well. Multiple scenario simulations demonstrated that Scenario D is better than Scenarios B and C, while Scenario A performed the worst. (3) Furthermore, we observed a stronger negative impact of urban expansion on local connectivity. This indicates that the influence of urban expansion on the local HCNs is often more pronounced and may even be destructive. Our findings can advise urban planners on decisions to minimize the impact of urban expansion on wildlife.
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Hardiansyah, Gusti, Dewi Ratnasari Indrianingrum, M. Sofwan Anwari, Zuhry Haryono, Farah Diba, Hanna Artuti Ekamawanti, and Adi Yani. "Carbon Sequestration in the Green Open Spaces along Primary Road of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia`." Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) 14, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jpsl.14.1.190.
Abstract:
Global climate change caused by greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is currently a focus for various countries worldwide, including Indonesia. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main source of emissions, with a significant portion originating in urban areas. This is due to the high levels of air pollution from motor vehicles and rapid industrial growth. Urban green spaces are areas within cities that consist of non-built-up spaces filled with naturally grown or cultivated vegetation. These green spaces exist directly alongside the transportation infrastructure, which helps reduce air pollution, especially CO2, through the vegetation that makes up these areas. One type of urban green space is a green corridor, which forms elongated paths or areas. This study assessed the carbon sequestration of 17 primary road networks in Pontianak City using three allometric models. Plot positions for data collection were determined using purposive sampling, with each side accounting for 5% of the total zigzag plots. This research focused on vegetation at different growth stages, such as saplings, poles, and trees. The results were estimated at 256.86 tons ha-1 (Hardiansyah and Ridwan formula), 269.96 tons ha-1 (Chave formula), and 193 tons ha-1 (Brown formula).
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Klassen, Shamika, Sara Kingsley, Kalyn McCall, Joy Weinberg, and Casey Fiesler. "Black Lives, Green Books, and Blue Checks." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6, GROUP (January 14, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3492846.
Abstract:
The Negro Motorist Green Book was a publication that offered resources for the Black traveler from 1936 to 1966. More than a directory of Black-friendly businesses, it also offered articles that provided insights for how best to travel safely, engagement with readers through contests and invitations for readers to share travel stories, and even civil rights advocacy. Today, a contemporary counterpart to the Green Book is Black Twitter, where people share information and advocate for their community. By conducting qualitative open coding on a subset of Green Book editions as well as tweets from Black Twitter, we explore similarities and overlapping characteristics such as safety, information sharing, and social justice. Where they diverge exposes how spaces like Black Twitter have evolved to accommodate the needs of people in the Black diaspora beyond the scope of physical travel and into digital spaces. Our research points to ways that the Black community has shifted from the physical to the digital space, expanding how it supports itself, and the potential for research to strengthen throughlines between the past and the present in order to better see the possibilities of the future.
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Osseni, Abdel A., Hubert O. Dossou-Yovo, François G. H. Gbesso, and Brice Sinsin. "GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Analysis for Selecting Suitable Areas for Urban Green Spaces in Abomey-Calavi District, Southern Benin." Land 12, no. 8 (August 5, 2023): 1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12081553.
Abstract:
Green spaces contribute to a significant improvement in quality of life and maintain the sustainability of cities. In Benin, despite the political willingness regarding greening, municipalities are experiencing technical issues in finding suitable spaces to achieve this goal. This study should therefore be applicable to many other towns in Benin. It aims at identifying suitable areas for green spaces to integrate landscaping into urban planning in Abomey-Calavi district. Multi-criteria analysis combining GIS and the hierarchical classification approach was performed. Six factors (land use, altitude, slope, distance from main roads, proximity to urban centres and distance from flood zones, water bodies) were combined using the ArcGIS “Spatial Analysis” extension to generate a map of green space suitability. The results show large areas of land, of which 23.27% is very suitable and 26.06% is suitable for landscaping in this municipality. The ranking of the factors revealed that elevation, proximity to road networks, large conurbations and distance from wetlands accounted for 18%, compared with 14% for the other factors regarding the study environment. However, the use of these results must take into account the existing inhabited areas for a good site selection. These outputs provide guidance for decision-makers in choosing suitable sites for green spaces and integrating them into sustainable development.
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Ouzir, Malika. "Green infrastructure, a thermal regulator for the arid city. Case study of the city of Bou-saada." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 103, no. 1 (2023): 419–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd2301419o.
Abstract:
From a sustainable development perspective, becoming aware of the preservation of green spaces and the creation of green infrastructure is a great challenge for the Algerian arid city, especially in the arid environment. Green infrastructure is multifunctional open space networks aimed at sustainable resource management and environmental improvement. We chose the city of Bou-saada as a case study to demonstrate the need for green infrastructure. This city, with a semi-arid climate, presents a very varied, complex and fragile historical, archeological and natural richness subjected to strong anthropogenic pressures. The overall objective of this research is to assess green infrastructure in the city of Bou-saada using a qualitative barometer. This method uses several themes around the concept of multifunctionality and thermal comfort, also using some subthemes to break down the themes. Green infrastructure in the city of Bou-saada can withstand the drought and heat emanating from this area, provide shade and reduce heat, prevent soil degradation and desertification by stabilizing the soil and mitigating wind-induced erosion. Through this research, we have also looked at several issues such as safeguarding the natural heritage, combating desertification, and siltation.
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Xiong, Yu, Jinyou He, Hua Zhang, Baohua Wang, and Kunrong Yang. "A machine learning method for green energy saving in space division multiplexing elastic optical networks." Optical Fiber Technology 53 (December 2019): 102024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2019.102024.
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Rong, Bo, Mohamed Cheriet, Jon Montalban, Lei Shu, and Yi Qian. "Special Issue on Green IoT for Future Space–Air–Ground–Ocean-Integrated Networks and Applications." IEEE Internet of Things Journal 10, no. 11 (June 1, 2023): 9249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2023.3246846.
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SONG, Ziliang, Yuhang LIU, Ziqiu HUANG, and Wenping LIU. "Characteristics of Urban Green Space Recreation Services Networks and Response Disparities Across Different Travel Modes." Landscape Architecture 31, no. 2 (February 1, 2024): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/j.fjyl.202311030497.