Relevant bibliographies by topics / Green ratings

Academic literature on the topic 'Green ratings'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Green ratings"

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Newell, Graeme, John MacFarlane, and Roger Walker. "Assessing energy rating premiums in the performance of green office buildings in Australia." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 352–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-10-2013-0061.

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Purpose – Green office buildings have recently taken on increased significance in institutional property portfolios in Australia and globally. The key issue from an institutional investor perspective is the assessment of whether green office buildings add value. Using an extensive portfolio of green office buildings, the purpose of this paper is to empirically assess the level of energy rating premiums in the property performance of green office buildings in Australia. Design/methodology/approach – Using a portfolio of over 200 green office buildings in Australia benchmarked against a comparable portfolio of non-green office buildings, the level of energy rating premiums in the property performance of green office buildings in Australia is empirically evaluated. Hedonic regression analysis is used to account for differences between specific office buildings and to explicitly identify the “pure” green effect in identifying the level of energy rating premiums in several commercial property performance characteristics (e.g. office value, rent). Findings – The empirical results show the added-value premium of the 5-star National Australian Built Environment Rating Scheme (NABERS) energy rating scheme and the Green Star scheme in the property performance of green office buildings in Australia, including office values and rents. Energy rating premiums for green office buildings are evident at the top energy ratings and energy rating discounts at the lower energy ratings. The added-value “top-end” premium of the 5-star vs 4-star NABERS energy rating category is clearly identified for the various property performance parameters, including office values and rents. Practical implications – This paper empirically determines the presence of energy rating premiums at the top energy ratings in the performance of green office buildings, as well as energy rating discounts at the lower energy ratings. This clearly highlights the added value dimension of energy efficiency in green office buildings and the need for the major office property investors to prioritise the highest energy rating to facilitate additional property performance premiums. This will also see green office buildings become the norm as the market benchmark rather than non-green office buildings. Social implications – This paper highlights energy performance premiums for green office buildings. This fits into the context of sustainability in the property industry and the broader aspects of corporate social responsibility in the property industry. Originality/value – This paper is the first published property research analysis on the detailed determination of energy rating premiums across the energy rating spectrum for green office buildings in Australia. Given the increased focus on energy efficiency and green office buildings, this research enables empirically validated and practical property investment decisions by office property investors regarding the importance of energy efficiency and green office buildings, and the priority to achieve the highest energy rating to maximise property performance premiums in office values and rents.
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Sato, Keiko, and Takaaki Inoue. "Perception of color emotions for single colors in red-green defective observers." PeerJ 4 (December 8, 2016): e2751. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2751.

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It is estimated that inherited red-green color deficiency, which involves both the protan and deutan deficiency types, is common in men. For red-green defective observers, some reddish colors appear desaturated and brownish, unlike colors seen by normal observers. Despite its prevalence, few studies have investigated the effects that red-green color deficiency has on the psychological properties of colors (color emotions). The current study investigated the influence of red-green color deficiency on the following six color emotions: cleanliness, freshness, hardness, preference, warmth, and weight. Specifically, this study aimed to: (1) reveal differences between normal and red-green defective observers in rating patterns of six color emotions; (2) examine differences in color emotions related to the three cardinal channels in human color vision; and (3) explore relationships between color emotions and color naming behavior. Thirteen men and 10 women with normal vision and 13 men who were red-green defective performed both a color naming task and an emotion rating task with 32 colors from the Berkeley Color Project (BCP). Results revealed noticeable differences in the cleanliness and hardness ratings between the normal vision observers, particularly in women, and red-green defective observers, which appeared mainly for colors in the orange to cyan range, and in the preference and warmth ratings for colors with cyan and purple hues. Similarly, naming errors also mainly occurred in the cyan colors. A regression analysis that included the three cone-contrasts (i.e., red-green, blue-yellow, and luminance) as predictors significantly accounted for variability in color emotion ratings for the red-green defective observers as much as the normal individuals. Expressly, for warmth ratings, the weight of the red-green opponent channel was significantly lower in color defective observers than in normal participants. In addition, the analyses for individual warmth ratings in the red-green defective group revealed that luminance cone-contrast was a significant predictor in most red-green-defective individuals. Together, these results suggest that red-green defective observers tend to rely on the blue-yellow channel and luminance to compensate for the weak sensitivity of long- and medium-wavelength (L-M) cone-contrasts, when rating color warmth.
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Liu, Heying, and Chan Lyu. "Can ESG Ratings Stimulate Corporate Green Innovation? Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (September 30, 2022): 12516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912516.

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Green innovation serves as both a catalyst for businesses to pursue sustainable development and a crucial step in achieving green circular economic development. Green innovation is the practice of organizations considering environmental, social, and governance (ESG) aspects and the ESG advantages resulting from this process may become a driving force for enterprises to undergo a green transformation. Therefore, based on data related to Chinese A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2020, we study the relationship between ESG rating performance and corporate green innovation and its boundary mechanism. The results show that ESG ratings can improve the green innovation level of listed enterprises, and the relationship between ESG ratings and green innovation was also found to be strengthened by the institutional environment and redundant organizational resources. This study previously confirmed the positive impact of enterprises’ ESG ratings on their green innovation, which has important implications for realizing the effective combination of ESG advantages and green innovation, promoting the construction of an ecological civilization, and realizing the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind.
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Reith, András, and Melinda Orova. "Do green neighbourhood ratings cover sustainability?" Ecological Indicators 48 (January 2015): 660–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.09.005.

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Lippi, Andrea. "The Relationship Between Board Composition and the Ratings Given to Green Bonds: An Empirical Analysis." Journal of Management and Sustainability 11, no. 1 (March 28, 2021): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v11n1p126.

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Due to the growing number of green bond issues, a lack of mandatory standards and thus the growing phenomenon of greenwashing, an increasingly greater role is assumed by external auditors who are called upon to certify the ‘greenness’ of green bonds. These include rating agencies, which may be called on to express a green rating for each issue of green bonds. Based on a unique dataset made up of 66 green bond issues together with their respective green ratings from 2015 to 2020, the aim of this paper is to test the relationship between issuers’ board compositions and the green rating assigned to each bond issue. The results obtained confirm some conclusions already present in the existing literature and also open a new field of research concerning the green bond market, which has so far been little analysed, especially with reference to corporate governance.
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Poleshchuk, O. M. "State of plant species rating assessments approaches in fuzzy conditions of their monitoring." Forestry Bulletin 26, no. 5 (October 2022): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/2542-1468-2022-5-128-134.

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The paper analyzes the models of rating assessment of green spaces in large cities, developed by the author. Both models are based on the formalization of the state of plant species using linguistic variables that model the evaluation actions of experts in fuzzy conditions. The first model, developed earlier by the author, allows you to find the ratings of green spaces by comparing their states with each other. Thus, the resulting rating of the state of a plant species provides information about the advantages of one species over another, but does not provide complete information about the real state of green spaces. At the same time, it is possible that all plant species from the considered population, regardless of the rating, are not resistant to harmful urban environment. The second model, developed in this article, allows you to find the ratings of plant species based on their ideal state. For this, the distance between the linguistic variables that formalize the real state of a plant species and its ideal state is determined. Since the states of green spaces are compared with the ideal state, and not among themselves, the resulting rating of one plant species does not depend on the data obtained in the evaluation of other species. The developed models allow their alternative application depending on the goals and objectives.
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Capeluto, Isaac Guedi. "The Unsustainable Direction of Green Building Codes: A Critical Look at the Future of Green Architecture." Buildings 12, no. 6 (June 6, 2022): 773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12060773.

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Buildings are a major contributor to global energy consumption and energy-related carbon dioxide emissions. In light of the climate crisis, changes in the way we design, construct and use buildings are needed to reduce their environmental impact. Green Building Codes (GBCs) and rating systems have been developed around the world as a basis for green building practices. However, several studies raised doubts about the actual performance of certified buildings. Moreover, they use a per unit area approach to assess the use of resources rather than per capita, penalizing small buildings or those with high occupancy, ignoring the concepts of equity and shared common effort which are central to sustainable design. In this paper we propose adjustments to GBCs to encourage new ways of designing and evaluating green buildings. We introduce the Occupancy Correction Factor (OCF) which prioritizes smaller and more densely occupied buildings reducing land use, total operational energy consumption and embodied energy. Results show changes in their energy ratings of one to three levels both up and down, compared to their original ratings. In addition, we propose the prioritization of high-efficiency Low-Energy and Nearly Zero-Energy buildings over Net Zero Energy buildings, encouraging innovative urban design to enhance solar access and electricity production potential on-site or nearby.
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Frydrych, Sylwia. "Credit Ratings of Issuers of Green Debt Instruments." EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL XXIV, Issue 4 (November 1, 2021): 172–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35808/ersj/2570.

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Zuo, Jian, Bo Xia, Qing Chen, Stephen Pullen, and Martin Skitmore. "GREEN BUILDING RATING FOR OFFICE BUILDINGS – LESSONS LEARNED." Journal of Green Building 11, no. 2 (March 2016): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.11.2.131.1.

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Office buildings constitute a significant proportion of the non-residential building stock. In recent years, various rating tools have been developed to foster green office building development. The Green Building Council of Australia (GBCA) has developed the Green Star - Office rating tools for this purpose. There are an increasing number of stakeholders adopting these tools to showcase their efforts in sustainable development. This research focuses on the challenges and barriers in obtaining GBCA ratings in Australian Office buildings. To accomplish this, the scoring sheets from the rating of 264 certified office buildings were collected and critically analysed. The findings indicated that credits related to the attributes of innovation, ecology and energy are comparatively difficult to achieve. It was also found in this study that a large number of projects did not apply for the specific credits of refrigerant global warming potential, re-use of façade, topsoil and fill removal from site, and individual comfort control. This study provides a useful reference to both the property developer and the Green Building Council of Australia for green building developments in the future. In particular, the findings provide useful inputs to the development of the next generation of green building rating tools.
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Zheng, Junming, Yanzhen Huang, Yashan Chen, Lei Guan, and Qunyue Liu. "Subjective Preference and Visual Attention to the Attributes of Ornamental Plants in Urban Green Space: An Eye-Tracking Study." Forests 13, no. 11 (November 9, 2022): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13111871.

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Visual attributes of greenery strongly affect the attention and preferences of people. We invited 90 volunteers to participate in a study on the subjective rating and eye tracking on the landscape attributes of greenery to determine the relationship between subjective preference and visual attention to the visual attributes of greenery. The results showed that the subjective ratings of Tree + shrub + grass (IV-A), blue flower (II-A), red flower (II-B), pink flower (II-C), broad-leaved tree (I-C), and bamboo (I-E) were relatively high, belonging to the high rating group. The random forest model showed that the fixation count could indicate a subjective preference. People generate visual attention by fixating on attractive visual attributes with high subjective ratings.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Green ratings"

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Van, Der Walt Johannes Tinus. "Development of a sustainability index for South African dwellings incorporating green roofs, rainwater harvesting and greywater re-use." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20138.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South African water service providers experience major problems with providing adequate water services to consumers. Water service providers in South African urban areas rely on traditional centralised infrastructure, such as bulk supply networks, to provide water services. Alternative supply and stormwater drainage methods should be encouraged to help mitigate these problems. The researcher thus aims to quantify the potential impact that three alternative methods may have on a given dwelling in terms of its dependence on traditional bulk water services. The three alternatives considered in this thesis are the construction of green roofs, rainwater harvesting and greywater re-use. An efficiency of dwelling water use index (EDWI) was developed during this research project. It was designed in such a way as to show what portion of municipal water services could be replaced within the given dwelling by using the proposed techniques. The final EDWI-rating is obtained by using the EDWI-software tool developed as a part of this research. The derived EDWI-rating ranges from 0 to 100, with a rating of 100 indicating a dwelling requiring only the removal of a portion of sewage by a municipality, but no external water supply. Such a dwelling would also not require any water from a municipal network to meet domestic demand and all stormwater from its roof would be utilised within the plot boundaries. Results presented in this thesis illustrate how different geographical regions require different system specifications to obtain optimal EDWI-ratings, thereby lowering their dependence on the respective municipal water services. Validation of the EDWI-system proved difficult as no similar index could be found during the literature review. It was therefore decided to benchmark the EDWI-system using three model dwellings with nine configurations producing a total of 27 analyses. The EDWI-system provides a conceptual foundation for sustainable water services to South African households in serviced urban areas. Future work could further improve the EDWI-system by testing its practical application so that it may be extended to act as a national barometer, used to compare decentralised water services in terms of sustainability.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING:Suid-Afrikaanse waterdiensverskaffers ondervind groot probleme met die voorsiening van voldoende waterdienste aan verbruikers. Waterdiensverskaffers in Suid-Afrikaanse stedelike gebiede maak staat op tradisionele gesentraliseerde infrastruktuur, soos grootmaatvoorsienings netwerke, om waterdienste te verskaf. Alternatiewe voorsienings- en stormwater dreineringsmetodes moet aangemoedig word om hierdie probleme aan te spreek. Die studie poog dus om die potensiële impak wat drie alternatiewe moontlikhede kan hê op 'n gegewe woning in terme van sy afhanklikheid van die tradisionele waterdienste te kwantifiseer. Die drie alternatiewe moontlikhede wat in hierdie studie ingesluit word is die konstruksie van groendakke, reënwater oes en grys water hergebruik. 'n Huishoudelike water gebruik doeltreffendheids indeks (EDWI) is ontwikkel gedurende hierdie navorsingsprojek. Die indeks is ontwerp om aan te dui watter gedeelte van munisipale waterdienste deur die voorgestelde tegnieke vervang kan word. Die finale EDWI-gradering is verkry deur gebruik te maak van die EDWI-programmatuur wat ontwikkel is gedurende die navorsing. Die afgeleide EDWI- gradering wissel tussen 0 en 100, met 'n telling van 100 wat ‘n woning voorstel wat slegs die verwydering van 'n gedeelte van die riool deur die munisipaliteit vereis, maar wat geen eksterne watervoorsiening benodig nie. So 'n woning vereis dus geen water van ‗n munisipale netwerk nie, en alle stormwater van die dak word binne die erf gebruik. Resultate wat in hierdie studie voorgelê word illustreer hoe verskillende geografiese streke ander stelsel spesifikasies vereis om optimale EDWI-gradering te verkry. Die navorser kon geen indeks kry wat soortgelyk is aan die EDWI-stelsel om dit mee te vergelyk nie. Dit was gevolglik besluit om die indeks te standardiseer deur gebruik te maak van drie model huise met nege samestellings van alternatiewe, waardeur 27 ontledings ontwikkel was. Die EDWI-stelsel bied 'n konseptuele grondslag vir volhoubare waterdienste vir Suid-Afrikaanse huishoudings in gedienste stedelike gebiede. Toekomstige navorsing kan die EDWI-stelsel verder verbeter deur die praktiese toepassing te toets. Die stelsel kan uitgebrei word om ‗n nationale barometer vorm wat gebruik kan word om desentralisasie van waterdienste te meet in konteks van volhoubaarheid.
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Tilghman, M. Tench. "Constructing a successful residential green rating guideline." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014121.

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Lindgren, Jessica. "Extern granskning av gröna obligationer : Huruvida regulatoriska förändringar vad gäller betygsättning av gröna obligationer kan gynna marknaden för gröna obligationer." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Affärsrätt, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-175188.

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Genom styrning av finansiella medel har gröna obligationer fått en viktig roll i utvecklingen mot ett miljömässigt hållbart samhälle. Extern granskning av gröna obligationer styrs idag genom frivilliga marknadsstandarder, varav GBP är den vanligaste. Dessutom har EU nyligen presenterat en egen frivillig standard med särskild tillsyn. Bättre tillgång till klimatrelaterad information samt tydliga och gemensamma definitioner av gröna aktiviteter är förutsättningar för att investerare mer effektivt ska flytta kapital till miljömässigt hållbara verksamheter för att stötta omställningen till en mindre fossilbaserad ekonomi. I den här uppsatsen visas att dagens betygsättning, olika bedömningsmetoder till trots, torde vara relativt pålitlig, men att det finns utrymme att önska högre jämförbarhet och därmed ökad investerartillit. Tydligare marknadsstandarder kan vara en viktig aspekt för att öka betygens pålitlighet allt eftersom marknaden för gröna obligationer expanderar. Analysen visar att lagstiftning som leder till ökad mängd publicerad granskning genom gröna betyg torde gynna transparensen samtidigt som ryktesrisken vid intressekonflikter bör innebära motvillighet gentemot felaktig bedömning. Samtidigt kan överdriven reglering begränsa möjligheterna för innovation, utveckling och expansion av marknaden som helhet. Det torde därmed vara i lagstiftarens intresse att inte införa alltför sträng reglering, eftersom risk att inte kunna uppnå den finansiering av klimatmålen som önskas då uppstår. Eftersom gröna obligationer är ett internationellt fenomen behöver världens länder arbeta tillsammans mot gemensamma standarder i syfte att nå klimatmålen.  I det fall tvingande reglering ska införas bör den vara på som lägst EU-nivå. För marknadsbalans mellan aktörerna och jämförbarhet mellan obligationerna är det viktigt att regleringen inte upplevs otydlig. Regleringen måste dessutom vara generell och så pass flexibel att den kan möta teknologisk utveckling och förändrade förhållanden på marknaderna utan att processen blir för långdragen. Så länge målet är att ha en europeisk kapitalmarknad där aktörerna kan tillhandahålla finansiella tjänster nationsövergripande krävs finansiell tillsyn som inte stannar vid nationsgränserna. På sikt torde Esma vara lämpligast att överse samtliga granskare av gröna obligationer verksamma på den europeiska marknaden. För detta krävs utökad reglering som ger Esma ökad behörighet såväl som ökade resurser för att effektivt kunna utföra tillsynsarbetet.
Through the management of financial resources, green bonds have received an important role in the development towards an environmentally sustainable society. External review of green bonds is today subject to voluntary market standards, of which GBP is the most common. In addition, the EU has recently presented its own voluntary standard, which includes supervision. Better access to climate-related information and clear and harmonised definitions of green activities are prerequisites for investors to move capital more efficiently to environmentally sustainable businesses to support the transition to a less fossil-based economy. With this paper it is shown that the current rating, despite different assessment methods, should be relatively reliable, but that there is room to wish for higher comparability and thus increased investor confidence. Clearer market standards can be an important aspect in increasing the reliability of ratings as the market for green bonds expands. The analysis shows that legislation that leads to an increased number of published reviews through green ratings should promote transparency, while the risk of rumors in the event of conflicts of interest should imply reluctance to make incorrect assessments. At the same time, excessive regulation may limit the opportunities for innovation, development and expansion of the market as a whole. Thus, it should be in the interest of the legislator not to introduce a regulation which is too strict, as the risk of not being able to achieve the desired financing of the climate goals then arises. As green bonds are an international phenomenon, all countries need to work together towards common standards in order to achieve the purpose of the climate goals. In the event that mandatory regulation is to be introduced, it should at least be at EU level. For market balance between the market participants as well as comparability between the bonds, it is important that the regulation is not perceived as unclear. In addition, regulation must be general and flexible enough to meet technological developments and new market conditions without the process becoming too lengthy. As long as the goal is to have a European capital market where market participants can provide financial services nationwide, financial supervision that does not stop at national borders is required. In the long run, ESMA should be the most appropriate authority to oversee all examiners of green bonds operating in the European market. This requires increased regulation that gives ESMA increased authority, as well as increased resources in order to be able to carry out the supervisory work effectively.
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Eisenman, Ana Athalia Plaut. "Sustainable streets and highways: an analysis of green roads rating systems." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/43702.

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As sustainability increasingly becomes a concern to society, it is in state transportation agencies' best interests to embrace and adopt initiatives that will both educate their employees and the communities they serve on how transportation systems and system operations can be viewed within such a context. One of the strategies some state departments of transportation (SDOTs) have adopted for providing a more sustainable approach to highway design is a "green streets and highways rating system." Adopting a strategy such as the one proposed in this thesis for the Georgia Department of Transportation will enable an agency to compare projects based on sustainability goals and outcomes. Such a rating system can provide several benefits to a state department of transportation. As a public relations tool, publishing the sustainability rating results of completed projects can promote an "environmentally friendly" image of the agency. In some cases, this could be used to garner increased support for an agency's program. Comparing the ratings of proposed projects during the early programming process may also help in the selection of more sustainably effective and efficient projects. Additionally, a project in the project planning phase could use the green rating criteria to identify those areas where changes in design could result in more environmentally sensitive designs. A green streets and highways rating tool is an important means of fostering an environmental ethic in a transportation agency, one that could become more important in years to come.
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Engman, Reed Martina. "Plan for evaluation of Austin Energy Green Building’s Multifamily Rating Program." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för tillämpad fysik och elektronik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-95143.

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Austin Energy Green Building (AEGB) started their multifamily rating program in 1999. It is a green building program where participants can receive different ratings, 1-5 stars, depending on how many requirements the building fulfills. AEGB wants to evaluate the projected energy and demand savings from the multifamily program to be able to report to Austin Energy at the end of the fiscal year. Buildings going through the multifamily rating program can either use a prescriptive approach or a performance approach. For the prescriptive approach the savings are evaluated with the help of a deemed savings value. For the performance approach the participant needs to turn in an energy model of the proposed buildings with modeled projected energy and demand savings. The purpose of this degree project was to develop a plan for evaluation of the projected savings from the multifamily rating program.  AEGB will need to be able to compare the projected energy and demand savings with the actual energy and demand savings from the buildings that have gone through the program. Focus has been on finding a suitable evaluation approach, based on the available data. Criteria for inclusion were determined. Evaluation of all buildings is not be possible and therefore a sample size needed to be determined for the population. The projected energy savings data was analyzed. A way to account for apartments without full year use data was studied as well as common criteria for uncertainty analysis. It was suggested that one year of full energy use data was enough as criterion for buildings to be a part of the population to be evaluated, which gave a population size of 29 buildings.  of the buildings received a 1-3 star rating and they account for about  or  of the projected energy savings. If a simple random sample is used with a confidence level of  and  relative precision the sample will be 21 buildings. If the relative precision is changed to  the sample will contain 11 buildings. Another option is to use stratified random sample, and sample sizes were calculated by star rating and size of the buildings. A number of different ways of accounting for vacant units were found however the latest vacancy rate for multifamily buildings in Austin was . This corresponds to about  in lost projected energy savings for the buildings that have gone through AEGB’s multifamily program. Lastly, post occupancy evaluation (POE) will be recommended for this evaluation effort of AEGB’s multifamily program.
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Ozolins, Peter Charles. "Assessing Sustainability in Developing Country Contexts: The Applicability of Green Building Rating Systems to Building Design and Construction in Madagascar and Tanzania." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27563.

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Buildings have significant and complex impacts both in their construction and in their use. Green building rating systems have been developed and promoted in more economically-advanced countries to offer guidelines to reduce negative impacts and to promote sustainable practices of building construction and operations. The green building rating system called Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), established in 1995 by the U.S. Green Building Council, is increasingly accepted as a meaningful measure for sustainability in building design and construction in the U.S. The Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) rating system in the U.K. and the Green Star rating system in Australia serve similar roles in their respective areas. How applicable are these green building rating systems to countries with different building cultures, climates and economic parameters? The research is based on my work as an architect and participant observer using case study analysis of several buildings that I have designed in Madagascar and Tanzania. The research indicates that several important aspects particular to the developing country contexts of Madagascar and Tanzania â such as labor and security - are not addressed by existing green building rating systems that have been developed in the context of more economically-advanced countries. Such rating systems typically give prominence to aspects such as mechanical systems and indoor air quality that are of limited relevance to the contexts of Madagascar and Tanzania. The results have implications for the development of green building rating systems that address the particular contexts of developing countries. By taking into account parameters such as those found in Madagascar and Tanzania and similar developing countries, the benefits of using an accepted measure of sustainability can be more effectively extended to the developing country sector.
Ph. D.
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Chance, Shannon Massie. "University leadership in energy and environmental design: How postsecondary institutions use the LEED® green building rating system." W&M ScholarWorks, 2010. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550154037.

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Ytterfors, Sanna. "Hur kan en checklista för miljöegenskaper viden fastighetsvärdering utformas?- Med fokus på samhällsfastigheter." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-145522.

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Fastighetsmarknaden har visat på ett växande behov av ett hjälpmedel för fastighetsvärderare som underlättar implementeringen av byggnaders gröna egenskaper i värderingsprocessen, samt för att investerare ska kunna se specifika gröna egenskapers effekt på fastighetsvärdet. Användningen av ett flertal olika miljöklassningssystem på marknaden skapar svårigheter vid jämförelse. RICS har tagit fram ett utkast på en hållbarhetschecklista för att komplettera värderingsutlåtandet med en utökad beskrivning av fastigheterna med en systematisk redovisning av egenskaper relevanta ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv. Dess syfte är att tydliggöra skillnader och öka utbudet av tillgänglig transaktionsdata med en påföljande ökad transparens på fastighetsmarknaden. Studien syftar till att undersöka hur en hållbarhetschecklista kan tas fram, se ut och fungera, samt om den kan implementeras i ett projekt för en samhällsfastighet. Genom att använda mig av utkastet från RICS och intervjua aktörer på fastighetsmarknaden har en lista tagits fram som jämförts med miljöklassningssystemen och implementerats på ett specifikt projekt. Utfallet har sedan analyserats och legat till grund för de slutsatser som dragits. Resultatet av studien visar att den lista som utgår från RICS ”Sustainability Checklist” med relevanta hållbarhetsaspekter kan implementeras även på samhällsfastigheter då dessa innehar liknande egenskaper som de kommersiella fastigheterna, med vissa skillnader, som övergripande beror av: budgetrestriktioner, lokala förhållanden samt regleringar från kommunen och övriga parter. Även val av miljöklassningssystem har en viss påverkan på utfallet i fallstudien, då ett nära samband finns mellan parametrarna i hållbarhetschecklistan och miljöcertifieringssystemen, och där de kommersiella fastighetsutvecklarna i högre grad har valt att certifiera sina byggnader med de internationella systemen som är mer komplexa och innehar ett högre antal parametrar. Emellertid bygger en framgångsrik implementering av listan på att värderarens roll ändras till mer informerande, vilket också ställer krav på kunskapsnivå och utbudet av utbildning och vägledning för professionella värderare, en uppgift som ska upptas av professionella värderingsorgan. Slutligen fastställs att listan bör bearbetas ytterligare, med utveckling och förtydligande av vissa aspekter för att underlätta insamling av information samt underlätta för värderare att i praktiken kunna använda den som ett komplement i värderingsarbetet.
The real estate market has shown an increased demand among real estate appraisers for a tool to facilitate the implementation of green building features into the valuation process, and for investors to discern a specific green feature’s impact upon value. The wide range of green building rating systems used on the real estate market today causes difficulties in comparison. To supplement the valuation report with an extended description of the properties including a systematic presentation of relevant features from a sustainability perspective, RICS (2012) has formed a draft of a ”sustainability checklist”, which purpose is to highlight differences, increase the supply of information and enhance transparency in the property market. The study aims to investigate the development, design and function of a sustainability checklist, and whether it can be implemented on public properties. A list was created based on the draft from RICS ”Sustainability Checklist”, and interviewed players in the real estate market, which were implemented on a specific project consisting of a public building. The result of the study was analysed and has formed the basis of the conclusions drawn. The result of the study conducted within this thesis shows that the list based on RICS ”Sustainability Checklist” with sustainability aspects included can be implemented also on public buildings, as these buildings possess similar features as the commercial buildings. Some main differences can be seen, overall resulting from: budget constraints, local conditions and regulations from the municipality and other parties. Also, the choice of a certain green building rating system influence the effect on the outcome, whereas a close relationship can be find between certain aspects within the sustainability checklist and green building rating systems, and the commercial real estate developers increasingly chose to certify their buildings with the international systems, which are more complex and contain a higher number of aspects. However, in order to achieve a successful implementation of the list among appraisers within the real estate market, the role of the valuer must change to more informative, which also make demands on the level of knowledge and the provision of training and guidance for professional appraisers, a task to be undertaken by professional valuators. Furthermore, it is also established within this study that the list should be further processed and modified in order to facilitate the gathering of information and to simplify for the appraiser to use it as a supplement within the valuation process.
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Nariman, Mostafavi Seyed. "Literature Review and Analysis of Greenhouse Gases in the LEED Rating Program : A review of the currently available literature with regards to greenhouse gas calculations for green buildings." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-108292.

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Sanchez, Cheryl. "Sex ratios of juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas) in three developmental habitats along the coast of Florida." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5703.

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The concept of temperature dependent sex determination (TSD) has been somewhat of an evolutionary enigma for many decades and has had increased attention with the growing predictions of a changing climate, particularly in species that are already threatened or endangered. TSD taxa of concern include marine turtles, which go through various life stages covering a range of regions. This, in turn, creates difficulties in addressing basic demographic questions. Secondary sex ratios (from life stages post-hatchling) were investigated by capturing juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas), 22.6-60.9 cm in straight carapace length (SCL), from three developmental areas along the east coast of Florida (a region known to have important juvenile aggregations) by analyzing circulating testosterone levels. All three aggregations exhibited significant female biases with an overall ratio of 3.2:1 (female: male). The probability of a turtle being female increased as the size of the individual decreased. Ratios obtained in this study were slightly less female-biased, but not significantly different, than those observed in the late 1990s. However, they were significantly more biased than those found in a late 1980s pilot study. The shift to significantly female-biased ratios may be beneficial to a recovering population, an evolutionary adaptation, and is common among juvenile aggregations. A more skewed female bias in smaller size classes may be indicative of recent, warmer periods during incubation on the nesting beaches. This female bias could become more exaggerated if temperatures meet future climate warming predictions.
M.S.
Masters
Biology
Sciences
Biology
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Books on the topic "Green ratings"

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Guide to rating green buildings. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

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Reeder, Linda. Guide to Green Building Rating Systems. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118259894.

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Go green rating scale for early childhood settings. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2010.

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Boise, Phil. Go green rating scale for early childhood settings. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2010.

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Boise, Phil. Go green rating scale for early childhood settings. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2010.

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Industry, Confederation of Indian. Green company rating system: Pilot version : reference guide. Hyderabad: CII-Sohrabji Godrej Green Business Centre, 2012.

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Boise, Phil. Go green rating scale for early childhood settings. St. Paul, MN: Redleaf Press, 2010.

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Freed, Eric Corey. Green sense for the home: Rating the real payoff from 50 green home projects. Newton, CT: Taunton Press, 2010.

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Freed, Eric Corey. Green $ense for the home: Rating the real payoff from 50 green home projects. Newton, CT: Taunton Press, 2010.

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Freed, Eric Corey. Green $ense for the home: Rating the real payoff from 50 green home projects. Newton, CT: Taunton Press, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Green ratings"

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Geene, Henk, and Reinhard Schroth. "Thermal Ratings of HV Cable Accessories." In CIGRE Green Books, 401–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39466-0_9.

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Pearce, Annie R., and Yong Han Ahn. "Green rating systems." In Sustainable Buildings and Infrastructure, 163–227. 2nd edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.9774/gleaf.9781315562643_5.

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Serrano, Laura, Antonio Ariza-Montes, Martín Nader, Antonio Sianes, and Rob Law. "Exploring preferences and sustainable attitudes of Airbnb green users in the review comments and ratings: a text mining approach." In Sustainable Consumer Behaviour and the Environment, 114–32. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003256274-7.

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Schäfer, Henry. "Green Economy, Green Deal und Sustainable Finance – Die zentrale Rolle von Nachhaltigkeitsratings." In Social Credit Rating, 367–89. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-29653-7_20.

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Macaluso, Joseph. "Rating Systems, Standards & Guidelines." In Green Building:, 233–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118984048.ch9.

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Gromala, David S., and Mark D. Webster. "Green Globes Rating System." In Sustainability Guidelines for the Structural Engineer, 40–46. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784411193.ch04.

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Deng, Jiushuai, Suping Peng, Liang Wang, Yinli Bi, Jun Yao, and Qiongjie Wang. "Green Mine Construction Rating Sheet." In Interpretation of Green Mine Evaluation Index, 19–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5433-6_3.

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Jadhav, Nilesh Y. "Green Building Performance Assessment and Rating." In Green and Smart Buildings, 155–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1002-6_10.

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Dall’O’, Giuliano, and Elisa Bruni. "Sustainable Rating Systems for Infrastructure." In Green Planning for Cities and Communities, 329–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41072-8_14.

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Drimpetas, Evaggelos, and Themistokles Lazarides. "The Impact of Sovereign Debt Ratings and Financial Performance on Bank Ratings." In A New Growth Model for the Greek Economy, 289–306. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-58944-6_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Green ratings"

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Orton, H., P. Maioli, H. Brakelmann, J. Bremnes, F. Lesur, J. Orella Saenz, and J. Smit. "Impact of electromagnetic fields on current ratings and cable systems." In 2014 International Conference on Smart Green Technology in Electrical and Information Systems (ICSGTEIS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsgteis.2014.7038727.

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Manoj, K., T. S. Sandeep, N. Sudhakar Reddy, and P. M. D. Alikhan. "Genuine ratings for mobile apps with the support of authenticated users’ reviews." In 2018 Second International Conference on Green Computing and Internet of Things (ICGCIoT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgciot.2018.8753068.

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Madry, John G., James N. Elele, David H. Hall, and David J. Turner. "Risk Assessment for Model and Simulation Credibility Characteristics." In ASME 2019 Verification and Validation Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvs2019-5152.

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Abstract The Department of Defense (DoD) uses the principles of risk assessment extensively throughout the acquisition process to identify, manage, and mitigate risk in many areas including software (both simulation software and software embedded in materiel systems). The approach to assessing the risks associated with using results from Models and Simulations (M&S) to influence decision-making that is described here is used by the Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) 5.4H Verification, Validation, and Accreditation office. The focus of the risk assessment is on ten specific characteristics of M&S Capability, Accuracy, and Usability that have the most potential impact on the intended uses. In this method, the characteristics of the M&S are evaluated against standard criteria, and then assigned a color-rating of Green, Yellow, or Red based on the actual data obtained from the M&S itself. A simple computation is then used to weigh the ratings of the characteristics into the likelihood of error aspect of the risk of using the M&S. A thorough understanding of the M&S and its application is a prerequisite to using this approach since the analyst is required to provide a technical justification for the rating assigned to a characteristic. Should the assigned rating for a characteristic of the M&S not be green, the analyst is required to recommend actions and/or mitigations for the M&S developer to take that would improve the rating to green.
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Balážová, Pavla. "GREEN DESIGN AND EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b2/v3/42.

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"Buildings represent a sector with huge energy consumption. It is necessary to reduce this consumption, therefore green buildings have become a global trend in recent years. Green Building Councils in various countries, which are members of World Green Building Council global network, develop and administer many of the world’s ratings tools. World Green Building Council was founded in 1998. There are four predominate ranking systems: LED, BREEAM, GREEN STAR and CASBEE. Slovak Green Building Council was established in November 2010. The first green building in the Slovak Republic received LEED certification in 2012. In the paper it is referred to about 17 new and in-use green buildings in Slovakia which received in period 2012-2019 LEED or BREEAM certifications. In fact, there are more green buildings in Slovakia, where there is still the huge potential in applying a green concept in the sector of existing residential buildings and the public buildings sector. There is a lack of legislative and financial support instruments for green buildings in Slovakia, which are under the consideration and do not exist in practice. The BBC 1 Plus – Offices in Bratislava, the first certified green office building in Slovakia, which received in 2012 the second-highest certification – LEED Gold, is described and analysed in details. The necessity of improving the education process in the green design and sustainable architecture of students at Faculties of Civil Engineering and Faculties of Architecture is outlined. The plans for how it is possible to achieve it are presented."
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Khalil, Heba Allah. "Sustainable Urbanism: Theories and Green Rating Systems." In 10th International Energy Conversion Engineering Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2012-4248.

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Carpio, M., A. García-Maraver, D. P. Ruiz, A. Martínez, and M. Zamorano. "Energy rating for green buildings in Europe." In ENERGY QUEST 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eq140371.

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Ting, Kien Hwa. "Tropical green building rating systems: A comparison between Green Building Index and BCA Green Mark." In 2012 IEEE Business Engineering and Industrial Applications Colloquium (BEIAC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/beiac.2012.6226064.

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deMonsabert, S., K. Odeh, and J. Meszaros. "SustainaBits: A framework and rating system for sustainable IT." In 2012 International Green Computing Conference (IGCC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igcc.2012.6322293.

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Kabbes, Karen C., and Steven Windhanger. "Sustainable Site Initiative—A Rating System for Green Sites." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)414.

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Ashiq, Sultana. "Green Awareness Rating Scale (GARS) Development to Extend TAM." In 2021 International Conference on Innovative Computing (ICIC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icic53490.2021.9692948.

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Reports on the topic "Green ratings"

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DeSaix, Matthew. Bird community monitoring at New River Gorge National River, Gauley River National Recreation Area, and Bluestone National Scenic River, 1997 - 2018. National Park Service, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289846.

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Birds are prominent features of National Park Service lands and are effective indicators for monitoring ecosystem health. Assessing the temporal change of avian species abundance depends on long-term monitoring of bird communities and trends, however long-term monitoring programs are generally uncommon. In this report, we summarize 22 years (1997-2018) of point count data across five sites on West Virginia National Park Service lands (three in New River Gorge National River, one in Gauley River National Recreation Area, and one in Bluestone National Scenic River) and compare these results to our analysis of Breeding Bird Survey data for the same time period across all of West Virginia. The objectives of this analysis are two-fold: 1) describe the biotic integrity of the National Park Service lands in West Virginia and 2) Quantify trends in guilds and species abundance. During the 20-year period of this survey, 85 breeding resident species were detected. The West Virginia National Park Service lands are home to stable populations of Wood Thrush and Yellow-billed Cuckoo, both species of continental concern by Partners in Flight. Seven species have declined precipitously on NPS lands during this time period. Three of these species are also experiencing declines across the rest of West Virginia (Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Carolina Chickadee, Kentucky Warbler), but the other 4 species are stable across West Virginia (Acadian Flycatcher, Black-throated Green Warbler, Northern Parula, Swainson’s Warbler). Four species that are declining across West Virginia (Great Crested Flycatcher, Indigo Bunting, Red-eyed Vireo, and Worm-eating Warbler) are stable on southern West Virginia NPS lands. Additionally, the upper-canopy foraging guild of species has decreased significantly on NPS lands in southern West Virginia. An analysis of community biotic integrity revealed that the southern West Virginia NPS lands have been stable at a rating of high biotic integrity every year for the duration of this survey. Future research should delve into the underlying factors that may be driving the trends in abundance at different scales.
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Weinberg, Zwi G., Adegbola Adesogan, Itzhak Mizrahi, Shlomo Sela, Kwnag Jeong, and Diwakar Vyas. effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on the microbial composition and on the survival of pathogens in the rumen in context with their probiotic effects on ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598162.bard.

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This research project was performed in context of the apparent probiotic effect of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) silage inoculants on the performance of ruminants (improved feed intake, faster live-weight gain, higher milk yields and improved feed efficiency). The overall objective was to find out how LAB affect ruminant performance. The project included several “chapters” as follows: 1. The effect of LAB silage inoculants on the survival of detrimental bacteria in rumen fluid, in vitro study (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). An in vitro model was developed to study the interaction between selected LAB and an E. coli strain tagged with green fluorescence protein (GFP) in buffered RF. Results indicated that both LAB inoculants and E. coli survived in the RF for several days; both LAB inoculants and LAB-treated silages did not affect survival of E. coli in rumen fluid in vitro. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the performance of high-lactating cows (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). Treatments included control (no additive), Lacobacillusbuchneri40788 (LB), Lactobacillus plantarumMTD1 40027 (LP) and Pediococcuspentosaceus30168 (PP), each applied at 10⁶ cfu/g FM. The silages were included in the TMR of 32 high milking Holstein cows in a controlled feeding experiment. All baled silages were of good quality. The LB silage had the numerically highest acetic acid and were the most stable upon aerobic exposure. The cows fed the LB silages had the highest daily milk yields, percent milk fat and protein. The microbiome of baled wheat silages and changes during ensiling of wheat and corn (Sela et al., The Volcani Center). Bacterial community of the baled silages was dominated mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Lactobacillus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 with 300 other genera at very low abundance. Fungal community was composed mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Candida and Monascuswith 20 other genera at very low abundance. In addition, changes in the microbiome during ensiling of wheat and corn with and without addition of L. plantarumMTD1 was studied in mini-silos. Overall 236 bacterial genera were identified in the fresh corn but after 3 months Lactobacillus outnumbered all other species by acquiring 95% of relative abundance. The wheat silage samples are still under analysis. The effect of applying LAB inoculants at ensiling on survival of E. coli O157:H7 in alfalfa and corn silages(Adesogan et al., University of Florida). E. coli (10⁵ cfu/g) was applied to fresh alfalfa and corn at ensiling with or without L. plantarumor L. buchneri. The pathogen was added again after about 3 moths at the beginning of an aerobic exposure period. The inoculants resulted in faster decrease in pH as compared with the control (no additives) or E. coli alone and therefore, the pathogen was eliminated faster from these silages. After aerobic exposure the pathogen was not detected in the LAB treated silages, whereas it was still present in the E. coli alone samples. 5. The effect of feeding corn silage treated with or without L. buchnerion shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by dairy cows (Adesogan et al., UFL). BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 2 of 12 Five hundred cows from the dairy herd of the University of Florida were screened for E. coli shedding, out of which 14 low and 13 high shedders were selected. These cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) which was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 for 21 days. The TMR included corn silage treated with or without L. buchneri. The inoculated silages were more stable upon aerobic exposure than the control silages; the silage inoculant had no significant effect on any milk or cow blood parameters. However, the silage inoculant tended to reduce shedding of E. coli regardless of high or low shedders (p = 0.06). 6. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the rumen microbiome (Mizrahi et al., BGU). Rumen fluid was sampled throughout the feeding experiment in which inoculated wheat silages were included in the rations. Microbial DNA was subsequently purified from each sample and the 16S rRNA was sequenced, thus obtaining an overview of the microbiome and its dynamic changes for each experimental treatment. We observed an increase in OTU richness in the group which received the baled silage inoculated with Lactobacillus Plantarum(LP). In contrast the group fed Lactobacillus buchneri(LB) inoculated silage resulted in a significant decrease in richness. Lower OTU richness was recently associated in lactating cows with higher performance (Ben Shabatet al., 2016). No significant clustering could be observed between the different inoculation treatments and the control in non metric multi-dimentional scaling, suggesting that the effect of the treatments is not the result of an overall modulation of the microbiome composition but possibly the result of more discrete interactions. Significant phylum level changes in composition also indicates that no broad changes in taxa identity and composition occurred under any treatment A more discrete modulation could be observed in the fold change of several taxonomic groups (genus level analysis), unique to each treatment, before and after the treatment. Of particular interest is the LB treated group, in which several taxa significantly decreased in abundance. BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 3 of 12
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Sustainable systems rating program: Marketing ``Green`` Building in Austin, Texas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10107591.

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Sustainable systems rating program: Marketing Green'' Building in Austin, Texas. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6925163.

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