Academic literature on the topic 'Green Mortgage'

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Journal articles on the topic "Green Mortgage"

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Ganbarov, Fuad, Klaudia Smoląg, Rashad Muradov, Konul Aghayeva, Rumella Jafarova, and Yashar Mammadov. "Sustainable Development of the Mortgage Market in Azerbaijan: Commercial Risks of Housing Construction, Social Vision, and State Influence." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 5116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125116.

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The purpose of this study is to formulate a model for sustainable development of the mortgage market in Azerbaijan, taking into account commercial risks of housing construction, the risks of the construction industry, social visions of mortgages, state pressure, and support. The following five key research stages can be distinguished. Namely, identification of commercial risks of housing construction based on a survey; evaluation of the effectiveness of risk diversification strategy; determination of the social vision of a mortgage; substantiating the main directions of state pressure and support for mortgage market development; and creation of a model for sustainable development of the mortgage market in Azerbaijan. At the same time, it is proposed to use a methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the model based on the construction of the multivariate linear regression equation. The inclusive model of sustainable development of the mortgage market in Azerbaijan provides for the formation of a favorable institutional environment. Given the selected modules, forecasting the effectiveness of the proposed inclusive model demonstrates its effectiveness in the direction of enhancing mortgage lending based on interest rate regulation taking into account the benefits of green housing construction.
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Chung, Huimin, Han-Hsing Lee, and Pei-Chun Tsai. "Are Green Fund Investors Really Socially Responsible?" Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 15, no. 04 (December 2012): 1250023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091512500233.

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This paper investigates the performance, fund characteristics, fund flow of green fund and the impact of subprime mortgage crisis on fund flow volatility. In terms of fund performance, our results show that there is no consistently significant difference between performance of green funds and conventional funds. As for fund characteristics, green funds are more sensitive to market and size risks compared to conventional funds, while they are less sensitive to value and momentum factors than conventional funds. Consistent with prior literature, there exists an asymmetric phenomenon for green funds, that is, fund flows of green funds are significantly related to lagged positive return but not significantly associated with lagged negative returns in normal market conditions. During the subprime mortgage crisis, both mature green and mature conventional funds experienced fund outflows. However, volatility of green funds flows is much lower than their conventional counterparts. Our results suggest that green fund investors can derive utility from the social responsibility attribute, and they are really more socially responsible when making investment decisions.
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Devine, Avis, and Meagan McCollum. "Advancing energy efficiency through green bond policy: Multifamily green mortgage backed securities issuance." Journal of Cleaner Production 345 (April 2022): 131019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131019.

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Prum, Darren. "Foiled by the Banks? How a Lender's Decision May Support or Undermine a Jurisdiction's Environmental Policies that Promote Green Buildings." Michigan Journal of Environmental & Administrative Law, no. 5.2 (2016): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.36640/mjeal.5.2.foiled.

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A United Nations Environmental Programme report addressing climate change states that the built environment in both emerging and developed countries accounts for more than forty percent of global energy usage and at least one third of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions. The report further asserts that the built environment offers an unsurpassed opportunity to supply cost effective, lasting, and meaningful reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. In response to this call to action, state and local governments in the U.S. have turned to a variety of policies to ensure that real estate developments within their jurisdictions further green building objectives. However, the availability of mortgage financing for the construction or acquisition of green buildings can undermine policymakers’ overarching environmental objectives. Lenders who misunderstand the unique risks and opportunities associated with green buildings may undercut these important environmental policies by denying real estate financing for worthy construction projects or acquisitions. Accordingly, this Article builds upon my previous work that addressed some of the financial aspects relating to green buildings such as performance bonds, insurance, and construction loans while now turning to the unique issues associated with mortgages and provides solutions that can mitigate risk exposure to acceptable levels so the lending community can further a more ecologically-friendly built environment.
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Acosta, Jorge, and Gerhard Aguilar. "EL PROGRAMA HIPOTECA VERDE DEL INFONAVIT ¿HACIA UNA POLÍTICA DE VIVIENDA SUSTENTABLE?" Vivienda y Comunidades Sustentables, no. 3 (January 1, 2018): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/rvcs.v0i3.36.

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El presente artículo tiene como objetivo abordar un análisis de las políticas sustentables en México a partir del programa Hipoteca Verde, tomando éste como modelo de buena práctica. Tema que nos permite acceder al conocimiento de las políticas y tecnologías que se están desarrollando en México en contra de la acción de la emisión de CO2. Con este análisis se pretende dar a conocer y generar conocimiento sobre los beneficios que brindan las políticas de vivienda sustentable y el ahorro generado con ellas dentro de las familias. Este análisis se realizará con base en estudios producidos por Infonavit mediante un simulador de ecotecnologías, el cual permite conocer los gastos sobre el agua, luz, gas y equipos de gas en la vivienda, y demostrando los ahorros generados con las ecotecnologías promovidas gracias a las políticas de vivienda, así generando el apoyo a nuevas ecotecnologías apoyadas por el Gobierno debido a la necesidad que existe en México y en otros países en implementar políticas sustentables dentro de la promoción de vivienda, las cuales se cumplan realmente y no pasen a ser simplemente un escrito, apoyando así la sustentabilidad.
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Miu, Luciana, Natalia Wisniewska, Christoph Mazur, Jeffrey Hardy, and Adam Hawkes. "A Simple Assessment of Housing Retrofit Policies for the UK: What Should Succeed the Energy Company Obligation?" Energies 11, no. 8 (August 8, 2018): 2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11082070.

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Despite the need for large-scale retrofit of UK housing to meet emissions reduction targets, progress to date has been slow and domestic energy efficiency policies have struggled to accelerate housing retrofit processes. There is a need for housing retrofit policies that overcome key barriers within the retrofit sector while maintaining economic viability for customers, funding organizations, and effectively addressing UK emission reductions and fuel poverty targets. In this study, we use a simple assessment framework to assess three policies (the Variable Council Tax, the Variable Stamp Duty Land Tax, and Green Mortgage) proposed to replace the UK’s current major domestic retrofit programme known as the Energy Company Obligation (ECO). We show that the Variable Council Tax and Green Mortgage proposals have the greatest potential for overcoming the main barriers to retrofit policies while maintaining economic viability and contributing to high-level UK targets. We also show that, while none of the assessed schemes are capable of overcoming all retrofit barriers on their own, a mix of all three policies could address most barriers and provide key benefits such as wide coverage of property markets, operation on existing financial infrastructures, and application of a “carrot-and-stick” approach to incentivize retrofit. Lastly, we indicate that the specific support and protection of fuel-poor households cannot be achieved by a mix of these policies and a complementary scheme focused on fuel-poor households is required.
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EBRAHIM, MUHAMMED-SHAHID, and TARIQULLAH KHAN. "ON THE PRICING OF AN ISLAMIC CONVERTIBLE MORTGAGE FOR INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT FINANCING." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 05, no. 07 (November 2002): 701–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024902001675.

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This paper models a default-free convertible facility to finance infrastructure projects in emerging Muslim countries. The mortgage is designed as a combination of an Islamic credit facility (allowing the collateralization of debt by the assets of the firm as espoused in Scott[32], Stulz and Johnson[36]) and inclusion of real warrants (as espoused in Green[12], Haugen and Senbet[15]) to mitigate the agency cost of debt discussed in Myers[27]. Numerical simulation is employed to endogenously solve for the rate of return, tenure and fractional ownership to be conveyed to financier upon conversion of the facility without resorting to any interest based (ribawi) index. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the impact of exogenous variables and to reconcile with the existing mainstream finance literature such as Barclay and Smith[3], Stohs and Mauer [35] and Guedes and Opler [13].
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An, Xudong, and Gary Pivo. "Green Buildings in Commercial Mortgage‐Backed Securities: The Effects of LEED and Energy Star Certification on Default Risk and Loan Terms." Real Estate Economics 48, no. 1 (January 3, 2018): 7–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6229.12228.

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Krieger, Nancy, Gretchen Van Wye, Mary Huynh, Pamela D. Waterman, Gil Maduro, Wenhui Li, R. Charon Gwynn, Oxiris Barbot, and Mary T. Bassett. "Structural Racism, Historical Redlining, and Risk of Preterm Birth in New York City, 2013–2017." American Journal of Public Health 110, no. 7 (July 2020): 1046–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2020.305656.

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Objectives. To assess if historical redlining, the US government’s 1930s racially discriminatory grading of neighborhoods’ mortgage credit-worthiness, implemented via the federally sponsored Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) color-coded maps, is associated with contemporary risk of preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation). Methods. We analyzed 2013–2017 birth certificate data for all singleton births in New York City (n = 528 096) linked by maternal residence at time of birth to (1) HOLC grade and (2) current census tract social characteristics. Results. The proportion of preterm births ranged from 5.0% in grade A (“best”—green) to 7.3% in grade D (“hazardous”—red). The odds ratio for HOLC grade D versus A equaled 1.6 and remained significant (1.2; P < .05) in multilevel models adjusted for maternal sociodemographic characteristics and current census tract poverty, but was 1.07 (95% confidence interval = 0.92, 1.20) after adjustment for current census tract racialized economic segregation. Conclusions. Historical redlining may be a structural determinant of present-day risk of preterm birth. Public Health Implications. Policies for fair housing, economic development, and health equity should consider historical redlining’s impacts on present-day residential segregation and health outcomes.
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Brotman, Billie Ann. "Green federal tax credits impact on US housing prices." International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 13, no. 4 (January 13, 2020): 553–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-10-2019-0104.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate whether increases in homeowner green amenities occurred because of income tax credits to the degree that changes in housing prices are measurable. Are higher incomes, lower mortgage rates and green income-tax credits impacting housing price changes? Design/methodology/approach The paper uses the least-squares regression model with natural log specifications. The log of income and a dummy variable, which was assigned to the Energy Policy Act (2005) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009) coverage dates are used as independent variables. Two regression models were examined using monthly housing price data from January 1990 through the year 2018. The first regression model used a single dummy variable for credits available under the Policy Act of 2005 and the Recovery Act of 2009. The second regression model considered the credits granted under these two laws separately. Disposable income per capita impacts demands for housing while green upgrade expenditures affect the cost of housing. Findings The laws set low credit limits of $500 followed by $1,500 but because of the multiplier effect, the spending appears to have magnified and been much higher. The credit availability variables have positive coefficients and were significant at 1 per cent. This implies that single-family housing prices were sensitive to the existence of residential energy property income-tax credits. The R2 results were 0.93 or above for both models. Research limitations/implications The data used was aggregated and publicly available online. Many studies use aggregated macroeconomic data when modeling housing prices using the exogenous variable of disposable income but there is no substitute for examining individual homes by location and their sales price to see under what conditions green income-tax credits have the most impact. There could be demographic issues that are missed when using aggregated information. Practical implications Spending on heating/cooling systems, dual pane windows and other green amenities keeps the housing stock modernized and housing prices steady or rising. An additional benefit is that spending motivated by self-interest can simulate household consumption spending. Houses deteriorate due to wear and tear. Physical-repairable depreciation represents a situation where maintenance funds are continuously needing to be spent. Repairs and upgrades to the structure of the property keep its price stable by stopping the physical depreciation that would otherwise occur with the passage of time. Social implications The paper provides support for the idea that residential green amenity upgrades positively impact the value of a house. These green-amenity upgrades, which other research studies have suggested should be included explicitly in the appraisal process, are a major characteristic of a property when a price estimate is being done. Housing being sold should have a section on the information sheet noting the property green upgrades that exist and an energy efficiency score should be assigned to each house listed for sale. Originality/value There are few (if any) academic research papers studying the impact of green tax credits available under the Energy Policy Act (2005) and under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (2009). The degree to which green income-tax credits stimulate spending on housing has not been addressed by researchers. This paper is an initial research attempt to quantify whether these legislative efforts measurably encouraged homeowners to adopt newer, greener technologies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Green Mortgage"

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Borghese, Chiara <1994&gt. "Default Probability Estimation for Green Mortgages: Empirical Evidence from Italy." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15960.

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This work introduces the theme of “green finance”, and in particular it concentrates on “green mortgages”. The analysis focuses on the relationship between probability of default of borrowers and the energy efficiency of green homes. The idea behind is that more energy efficiency will bring to lower utility costs and as consequence lower probability of default of borrowers, improving their probability to repay the loan, since more disposable income will be available, and at the same time, enhancing the value of properties with the result of decreasing the loss of banks if default will happen. After providing a general definition of green finance and introducing the market of mortgages and houses, especially in Italy, the work will be focused on the empirical side, explaining how the sample data is created, the methodologies used, and the results obtained.
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Bagias, Andreas. "Legal aspects of ship mortgages in English and Greek law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627011.

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Uctug, Cagan. "Regulation Theory And Economic Crises: The Cases Of Greece And Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615177/index.pdf.

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This thesis analyzes the economic crises of recent years through the lens of the Regulation Theory. It focuses on the Greek Crisis of 2009 and the Turkish Financial Crises of 2000 and 2001. Furthermore it also analyzes the crisis in the United States to give a better grounding for the current crises. The thesis tries to answer the questions of whether or not Regulation Theory proves to be a sufficient tool for analyzing these crises and whether or not these fit the definition of crisis that the Regulation Theory puts forward. It is argued that Regulation Theory explains to a great extent both the causes and the structure of the crises.
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Chang, Sai-fen, and 張賽芬. "Green Mortgage in Taiwan:Trend and Feasibility." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61218183482110195594.

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碩士
國立中央大學
財務金融學系在職專班
101
Green Mortgage in Taiwan:Trend and Feasibility “Green Mortgage” is a new product to banking industry territory and “Energy–saving and Emission-reduction” is originated from global eco-friendly concept and climate change issues. Equator Principles (EP) are generally adopted by world-wide banking industry as golden rules to process loaning projects with great EP influence. Banking industry has also applied its built-in credit survey system to screen out “double-high industries”, according to severe environmental evaluation standards. So banking industry is able to establish a global sustainable development living community by these jointly efforts. Taiwan is at emerging stage, so we need to reproduce mature “Green Eco-banking” successful examples from Japan and the United States, and compare with China “Green-Development” experiences to learn more on “Energy–saving and Emission-reduction” & “Green-Economy Development” benefits, get more familiar with Taiwan banking market trends, lower the threshold of “Green-Mortgage” through banking system as media and conduct “Green-Mortgage” feasibility analysis. We anticipate that Taiwanese governing officials, corporations, residents be more aware of the importance of “Green-Mortgage” and its influence on “Energy–Saving and Emission-Reduction”. We urge that more effective measurements be prompted to achieve Taiwanese long-term sustainable development community goals.
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"Understanding the Marketability, Perception, and Demand for 'Green' Rated Multifamily Mortgage Back Securities (MBS)." Tulane University, 2013.

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Books on the topic "Green Mortgage"

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Bitner, Richard. Confessions of a subprime lender: An insider's tale of greed, fraud, and ignorance. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Complicit: How greed and collusion made the credit crisis unstoppable. New York: Bloomberg Press, 2010.

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Confessions of a subprime lender: An insider's tale of greed, fraud, and ignorance. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Brummer, Alex. The crunch: How greed and incompetence sparked the credit crisis. London: Random House Business Books, 2009.

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And then the roof caved in: How Wall Street's greed and stupidity brought capitalism to its knees. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2009.

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Gilbert, Mark. Complicit: How Greed and Collusion Made the Credit Crisis Unstoppable. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.

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Gilbert, Mark. Complicit: How Greed and Collusion Made the Credit Crisis Unstoppable. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.

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Gilbert, Mark. Complicit: How Greed and Collusion Made the Credit Crisis Unstoppable. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2010.

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Reckless Endangerment: How Outsized Ambition, Greed, and Corruption Led to Economic Armageddon. Times Books, 2011.

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Reckless Endangerment: How Outsized Ambition, Greed, and Corruption Led to Economic Armageddon. Holt & Company, Henry, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Green Mortgage"

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Raimi, Lukman, Morufu Oladimeji Shokunbi, and Rabiu Olowo. "Rethinking the Prospects of Sustainable Finance and Challenges of Agribusiness Transformation in Nigeria." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics, 312–32. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8501-6.ch015.

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The chapter explicates the need to rethink the prospects of sustainable finance (SF) for agribusiness transformation in spite of the challenges facing the sector in Nigeria. It extends to highlighting the implications of the nexus on entrepreneurship development. After a triangular data analysis using the world development indicators (2000-2016) and scholarly articles, the authors found that the prospects of SF are enormous: (1) Nigeria has a modest agricultural growth performance in the crop, food, livestock, and cereal production that could support SF; and (2) SF options such as green loans, green bonds, green credit, green investment funds, green mortgage scheme, and other green financial support instruments could be suitable for agribusiness transformation in the country. Also, the content analysis revealed there are 13 challenges facing agribusiness transformation in the country, and these have harmed the vegetation, farmland, and ocean leading to low productivity. The authors contribute to the literature by identifying SF options as a game-changer for agribusiness transformation.
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"5. Recuperating the Past (iii): Fruits of the Encounter with Greek Antiquity." In The Mortgage of the Past, 100–137. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/9780300183504-008.

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Kiddey, Rachael. "Introduction." In Homeless Heritage. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198746867.003.0005.

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As I write this book, statistics show that there is an increasing housing shortage that has been projected, by 2025, to leave a third of the global urban population living in substandard housing or going without essentials to pay for their housing. Homelessness is an increasing problem worldwide. In Britain, where the fieldwork drawn on throughout this book was conducted, the latest available statistics show that rough sleeping rose by 31 per cent between autumn 2014 and autumn 2015. In the United States, the number of people living in severely overcrowded households has risen by 67 per cent since the effects of the subprime mortgage crisis triggered the recession of 2007. If we add to this data the rising number of people who are being forcibly displaced from their homes by war and other violence, the need to study how homelessness materializes and shapes the world around us becomes more urgent. As a child growing up by the sea in Devon, a rural county in the south-west of England, I initially encountered homelessness in two ways: the first was while on a rare shopping trip to Plymouth to buy school uniform in 1986. I was 8 years old. It was raining and the post-war architecture loomed greyer than usual. A man sitting on the pavement huddled his dog close to him, their heads down. I asked my mum what he was doing. ‘He’s homeless. Poor man! Don’t stare,’ she said. Her words rang in my ears as I tried, but failed, to conceive of having no home. The second encounter was more cheerful. I grew up in a house by the River Avon.5 When the tide is out, the riverbed becomes a mudflat, and in July and August it is green with samphire. A tramp called Albert, his yellow oilskins and bushy white beard making him seem to me a real-life Captain Birdseye, could be seen collecting samphire from the riverbed every summer until he died. A bench has since been erected in his memory. Albert was homeless too, but in a different, older way than the man I remember from Plymouth.
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Kamali, Mohammad Hashim. "Financial Imbalance, Extravagance, and Waste (Isrāf, Tabdhīr)." In The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190226831.003.0016.

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This chapter reviews scriptural evidence in the Islamic sources against greed, waste, usury, hoarding, and profiteering. It also expounds the Shari’ah rules pertaining to ownership, financial transactions, and business relations that seek to keep trading and finance in touch with the real economy and the people’s needs. Then follows an examination of the recurrent financial crises, the currency turmoil, the US subprime mortgage, the Eurozone debt crisis, and extensive fraudulent irregularities by some of the world’s leading banks. The chapter advances an argument that the in-built restraints in Islamic banking and finance can contribute to financial stability and health of the world economy.
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Mulgan, Geoff. "The Rise of Economies Based on Relationships and Maintenance." In The Locust and the Bee. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691165745.003.0009.

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This chapter argues that although most people think of the economy as made up of stuff such as new cars, tins of food, or mortgages; or in many of the wealthier economies the dominant sectors are health, education, care, and the loosely defined territory of green industries and jobs, relationships are critically important in all of these fields. Pre-capitalist economies were mainly concerned with maintenance. Capitalism by contrast introduced linearity into the economy, with the idea of cumulative growth, and an economy based around things that are simply used and then disposed, generalizing what was always true of parts of the luxury economy. The chapter shows how, in the material economy, people increasingly aspire to homeostasis and equilibrium, just as they do in our physical bodies.
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Haiven, Max. "The art of unpayable debts." In The Sociology of Debt, edited by Mark Featherstone, 195–230. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447339526.003.0009.

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This chapter explores a dialectics of what the author terms unpayable debts that define the current financialized global capitalist paradigm. On the one hand, these are the widely acknowledged and profoundly influential debts of individuals, institutions and nation-states which are unlikely or impossible to repay, from subprime mortgages to the sovereign debt of nations like Greece (or even the US for that matter). On the other hand, unpayable debts refers to those unacknowledged, silenced or purposefully ignored debts for the atrocities and injustices that helped create this current financialized order, including reparations for the transatlantic slave trade, restitution of stolen Indigenous lands and recompense for colonial pillage and subjugation. These latter unpayable moral and political debts must be silenced, ignored or deligitimized in order for the former unpayable fiscal debts to have such power. To explore these tensions the author provides a contextual and aesthetic reading of three interventionist and performative public artworks: English artist Darren Cullen’s “Pocket Money Loans” (2012-present), Argentine artist Marta Minujín’s “Payment of Greek Debt to Germany with Olives and Art” (2017), and Anishinaabe artist Rebecca Belmore’s “Gone Indian” (2009).
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Keats, Jonathon. "Panglish." In Virtual Words. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195398540.003.0037.

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“I am of this opinion that our own tung should be written cleane and pure, unmixt and unmangeled with borowing of other tunges,” wrote Sir John Cheke in 1561, defending English against the deluge of language imported from French and Italian. The first professor of Greek at Cambridge University, Cheke did not object to foreign phrasing out of ignorance, but rather argued from principles so fastidious that his translation of the Gospel According to Matthew substituted the word crossed for crucified and gainrising for resurrection. Proud of his heritage, unbowed by European cultivation, Cheke refused to be indebted to other cultures in his expression, “wherein if we take not heed by tiim, ever borowing and never paying,” he warned, “[our tung] shall be fain to keep her house as bankrupt.” Nearly half a millennium has passed, and Cheke’s disquiet seems ridiculous, not only because English has been incalculably enriched by mortgaged non-Germanic words such as democracy and education and science, but also because our own tongue has so flourished as to be seen on the European continent and around the world as the sort of cultural threat that Classical and Romance languages were to Cheke’s countrymen. The predominance of English is staggering. An estimated 1.5 billion people speak it, a number that the British Council predicts will increase by half a billion by the year 2016. Moreover fewer than a quarter of these people speak English as a first language; there are nearly twice as many nonnative speakers in India and China as native speakers on the planet. As might be expected given these statistics, few of the world’s 1.5 billion English speakers are fluent. Most get by with a vocabulary of a couple thousand words, as compared to the eighty thousand familiar to the average American or Briton. Pronunciations are often simplified, especially in the case of tricky consonant clusters. (For example, cluster becomes clusser.) Rules of grammar are frequently streamlined, irregularities dropped.
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"decency, compassion. Neighbours resembles the down-home, wholesome populism of a Frank Capra comedy except that its suburban protagonists are saved the trouble of traveling to and from a big city to discover their true values. 8 Differences are resolved, dissolved, or repressed The characters are “almost compulsively articulate about problems and feelings” (Tyrer 1987). Crises are solved quickly, usually amicably. Conflict is thus managed almost psychotherapeutically by and within the inner circle of family, and the outer circle of Ramsay Street. Witness the episode broadcast on April 23, 1992 in Australia: after fire destroys much of Gaby’s clothes boutique, three female neighbors remake the lost stock, while three male neighbors clear up the debris from the shop. As the theme song has it: “Neighbours should be there for one another.” Incursions of conflict from the social world beyond these charmed circles are treated tokenistically or spirited away. The program blurs or represses differences of gender politics, sexual preference, age, and ethnicity. Domestic violence and homosexuality, male or female, are unknown. Age differences are subsumed within family love and tolerance. Aboriginal characters manage a two-episode plot line at most (Craven 1989: 18), and Greeks, despite the real Melbourne being the third largest Greek city in the world, figure rarely. Neighbours-watchers could likewise be forgiven for not knowing that Melbourne has the largest Jewish community in Australia. The program elides questions of disability, alcoholism, or religious difference. It displaces drug addiction on to a friend outside immediate family circles (Cousin 1992). Unemployment as a social issue is subordinated to the humanist characterization of Brad, for instance, as dopey, happy-go-lucky surfie. Neighbours counterposes suburban escapism to the high-gloss escapism of Santa Barbara. 9 Depoliticized middle-class citizenship These “cosy parish pump narratives,” as Ian Craven calls them, depoliticize the everyday (Craven 1989: 21). Such good middle-class suburban citizenship is roundly condemned by no less than Germaine Greer: The world of Neighbours is the world of the detergent commercial; everything from the kitchen worktops to the S-bend is squeaky clean. Everyone’s hair and underwear is freshly laundered. No one is shabby or eccentric; no one is poor or any colour but white. Neighbours is the Australian version of the American dream, owner-occupied, White-Anglo-Saxon-Protestant paradise. (Greer 1989) In this blithely comfortable middle-class ethos, the characters seem never to have problems with mortgage repayments. Commenting on the opening episodes of Neighbours, a British critic underlines its property-owning values:." In To Be Continued..., 111. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203131855-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Green Mortgage"

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Alade, Idowu Mojeed. "In Quest for Sanctity and Inviolability of Human Life: Capital Punishment in Herodotus Book 1." In 27th iSTEAMS-ACity-IEEE International Conference. Society for Multidisciplinary and Advanced Research Techniques - Creative Research Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22624/aims/isteams-2021/v27p33.

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Abstract:
It is a common knowledge that workers both in the public and private sector spends their wages on critical needs such as rent, school fees, food, transportation, recharge cards and healthcare (moller,2004). They are also predominantly expose to economic risk, natural risk, health risk, life cycle risks, policy based and institutional risks, social and political risk (Geneva, ILO-STEP). Various government including Nigeria, historically have been able to introduce some forms of ad-hoc interventions programmes such as mortgage rent reduction, reduction in taxes, cancellation or postponement of loan payment and other form of direct subsidies (Townsend, 1994). Majority of these measures are privileges and not “right” in most developing countries including Nigeria (Sigma, 2005; UNDP 2003). Practiced in almost all ancient and traditional societies, with debates for and against, among lawgivers and philosophers, Capital punishment, also known as death penalty, was a part of the Athenian Greek law code as early as the time of Draco during the 7th Century BC. The debates and controversies continue until date. Is it just, unjust or a false justice? As at the year 2018, according to Amnesty International,1 55 countries of modern civilized world retain death penalty while a certain number have completely abolished it. Herodotus, the ancient Greek historian, in his Histories, record many instances of state sanctioned capital punishments. This paper, an attempt to accentuate the unjust nature of capital punishment and support its complete universal abolition, identifies three references to death penalty in Herodotus Book 1: combing, impaling and stoning. Book I of Herodotus was context analysed and interpreted with evidence from other relevant literary and historical sources. Arguments for death penalty include serving as deterrent to potential offenders and some sort of justice for the victims and family, especially in the case of murder; and the state, in the case of treason and other capital offences. Findings, however, revealed that capital punishment seldom curb potential criminals and might embittered and encouraged grievous crimes while discoveries of errors in judgment, among other reasons, could make death sentences unjust. The paper concluded by recommending prevention of such crimes necessitating capital punishments and proffered making greater efforts towards total abolition. Keywords: Capital punishment, Herodotus, Herodotus Histories, Justice, Death penalty.
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