Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Green Dyes'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Green Dyes.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 30 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Green Dyes.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Aly, Sherif Abdel moez Mohamed Ahmed. "New routes for the synthesis of novel aceanthrene green, phenazine and azaperylene dyes and lateral ring extension of aceanthrene green dyes." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-161845.
Full text
2
Armstrong, Lyle. "Synthesis, spectra and photochemistry of trifluoroethyl substituted triphenylmethane dyes." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303385.
Full text
3
Goetz, Charity. "Textile dyes techniques and their effects on the environment with a recommendation for dyers concerning the Green effect /." Lynchburg, Va. : Liberty University, 2008. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
Full text
4
Yukruk, Funda. "Water Soluble Green Perylenediimide (pdi) Dyes As Potential Sensitizers For Photodynamic Therapy." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605693/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Photodynamic therapy has been established as one of the approaches for the treatment of various malignant tumors. While most of the reagents used for this purpose are porphyrin derivatives, there is a strong motivation for finding novel and better sensitizers.
Perylenediimides are known for their photo- and chemical stability, but they do not have absorptions in the red end of the visible spectrum. However, recently reported green perylenediimides which have dialkylamino substituents on the perylene core, provide an alternative. To that end, we have designed and synthesized novel green perylenediimides with remarkable water solubility at neutral pH and absorption peaks beyond 650 nm. We demonstrated that on red-light excitation, singlet oxygen trap 1,3-diphenyl-iso-benzofuran is rapidly degraded.
We also carried out cell culture experimentsan important parameter to be optimized for practical application as a novel photodynamic therapy agent was the excited dye toxicity to dark toxicity. Our results confirmed that these novel perylenediimides acted as sensitizers generating singlet oxygen and the initial in vitro biological experiments demonstrated their potential utility in photodynamic therapy.
5
Aly, Sherif Abdel moez Mohamed Ahmed [Verfasser], and Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Langhals. "New Routes for the Synthesis of Novel Aceanthrene Green, Phenazine and Azaperylene Dyes and Lateral Ring Extension of Aceanthrene Green Dyes / Sherif Abdel moez Mohamed Ahmed Aly. Betreuer: Heinz Langhals." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015084206/34.
Full text
6
Trujillo, Rebollo Andres. "ROLE OF BRILLIANT GREEN ON THE DETECTION AND SEPARATION OF NON-CHROMOPHORIC ANALYTES BY REVERSED-PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (DIMERIZATION)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275434.
Full text
7
Correia, Sandra Filipa Henriques. "Organic-inorganic hybrid materials for green photonics: luminescent solar concentrators." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17407.
Full textAbstract:
Doutoramento em FísicaLuminescent solar concentrators are inexpensive devices that aim to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic cells and promote the urban integration of photovoltaic devices, with unprecedented possibilities of energy harvesting through the façade of buildings, urban furniture or wearable fabrics. Generally, they consist of a transparent matrix coated or doped with active optical centres that absorb the incident solar radiation, which is re-emitted at a specific wavelength and transferred by total internal reflection to the edges where the photovoltaic cells are located. The main objective of this work is the production of luminescent solar concentrators whose optically active layer is based on organic-inorganic hybrid materials doped with europium ions or organic dyes, in particular, Rhodamine 6G and Rhodamine 800. Rhodamine 800, as opposed to europium ions and Rhodamine 6G which emit in the visible range, emits in the near infrared (NIR) range, which is an advantage for crystalline Si-based photovoltaic cells, whose efficiency is greater in the NIR. In this work, although the luminescent solar concentrators with planar geometry are addressed, the main focus is the use cylindrical geometry. The use of this type of geometry allows the effect of concentration to be higher relative to the planar geometry, since the ratio between the exposed area and the area of the edges is increased. The cylindrical geometry is exploited by producing luminescent solar concentrators based on polymer optical fibre (plastic) where the optically active layer is on the outside (as a coating) or inside (as a filling in the hollow core) of the optical fibre. Furthermore, the possibility of increasing the exposed area was also dealt with the production of bundles of luminescent solar concentrators in which the plastic optical fibres are placed side by side and, also, by fabricating luminescent solar concentrators with length in the metre scale.
Os concentradores solares luminescentes são dispositivos de baixo custo que têm como objetivo aumentar a eficiência de células fotovoltaicas e promover a integração de dispositivos fotovoltaicos em elementos do dia-a-dia, tornando possível a captura de energia solar, através da fachada de edifícios, mobiliário urbano ou em têxteis. Geralmente, consistem numa matriz transparente coberta ou dopada com centros óticos ativos, capazes de absorver a radiação solar incidente e reemiti-la com um comprimento de onda específico que será transportada, através de reflexão interna total, para as extremidades da matriz onde se encontra(m) a(s) célula(s) fotovoltaica(s). O principal objetivo deste trabalho consiste na produção de concentradores solares luminescentes cuja camada ótica ativa é baseada em materiais híbridos orgânicos-inorgânicos dopados com iões lantanídeos (európio, Eu3+) ou corantes orgânicos, nomeadamente, Rodamina 6G e Rodamina 800. A Rodamina 800, ao contrário dos iões de európio e da Rodamina 6G que emitem na gama do visível, emite na região espetral do infravermelho próximo (NIR), que se revela uma vantagem quando a célula fotovoltaica em uso é composta de silício cristalino, cuja gama de maior eficiência é no NIR. Neste trabalho, apesar de serem abordados concentradores solares luminescentes com geometria planar, o principal foco é a utilização da geometria cilíndrica. Este tipo de geometria permite que o efeito de concentração seja superior, relativamente à geometria planar, uma vez que a razão entre a área exposta e a área das extremidades é aumentada. A geometria cilíndrica é explorada, através da produção de concentradores solares luminescentes com base em fibra ótica polimérica (plástica) em que a camada ótica ativa se encontra no exterior (como um revestimento) ou no interior (como um preenchimento do núcleo oco). Além disso, a possibilidade de aumentar a área exposta foi, também, abordada com o fabrico de uma matriz de concentradores solares luminescentes colocados lado a lado e, também, com o fabrico de concentradores solares luminescentes na escala do metro.
8
Abdoul, Hayman Jalal. "Polysaccharide derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials for bulky dyes and metals adsorption from wastewater : green chemical technology for the production of polysaccharide derived mesoporous carbonaceous materials for wastewater treatment." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/8800/.
Full textAbstract:
The current world crisis in the demand for water is a real problem for all forms of life on our planet. For years, scientists have tried to propose various technologies which might be able to clean and reuse contaminated water. It is crucial to develop a sustainable low cost form of technology. This is especially important for Third World countries, where the ability to get high level technology is difficult and ideally, the form of technology should be cheap, simple and based on the local resources. One of the most available local resources is a polysaccharide such as starch, pectin, cellulose or alginic acid. The major goal of this dissertation is to develop a green form of technology to capture potentially harmful, toxic or valuable compounds from waste water using mesoporous carbonaceous materials based on the local polysaccharide resources. To achieve this target, a novel and improved method of synthesis of mesoporous carbonaceous materials from starch (hereafter referred to as Starbon® ) and alginic acid (hereafter referred to as Algibon) was established at the beginning of the project. Based on this method, a number of mesoporous materials with different textural and surface properties have been generated and characterised by various techniques including nitrogen porosimetry, solid state NMR, DRIFT spectroscopy, electron microscopy, elemental analysis and ash content tests. Some of the major water pollutants in industrial wastes are dyes from textile industry and heavy metals from mining, steel industry, welding, batteries, refinery, fertiliser and other processes. Therefore, the produced materials were systematically tested as dye adsorbers. Bulky azodyes, which represent 75% of the current cotton industry market, were selected as model absorbates. A wide range of Algibons and Starbons materials with different properties (from the completely hydrophilic to completely hydrophobic and with different micro/mesopore volumes and ratios) enabled the optimum material to be found for certain types of adsorption process. It was found that in this type of adsorption, Starbons materials cannot compete with commercially available adsorbents. In contrast, Algibon has demonstrated great potential and significantly outperformed the commercially available adsorbents such as activated carbon (up to 6 times more) for the uptake of a range of bulky dyes. The adsorption data reveals that the BET specific surface area (N2-adsorption) was not the only governing factor and that the dominant mesoporous character of these materials, the accessibility of the pores versus the bulkiness of the dyes and the nature of the surface functionality (hydrophobic versus hydrophilic) also played key roles. The maximum adsorption capacity of Algibon prepared at 800o C (A800) is markedly higher than the one recorded for A450 and outperforms Norit as a commercially available activated carbon (AC) adsorbent. It was found that the higher adsorption capacity of A800 relates to a higher surface area in the mesoporous region. Moreover, it was found that the energy of adsorption is smaller for A800 than for AC. This shows that A800 is not only the preferred adsorbent but will also enable a more effective and easier recovery of the dyes. In addition, the project involved the use of the developed Starbon materials to recover metals. This application is crucial not only for the cleaning of waste waters but also for recovering the valuable and critical metals from solid wastes. Some of these metals are in the EU critical list of elements due to their significant demand in modern economy technologies or are substantial components of industrial waste. These elements are in short supply because of their large demand in growing economy and their scarce abundance in the world. Therefore, a variety of Starbons were screened to test the selectivity of the polysaccharide derived carbonaceous materials towards the high value metals from digested solid wastes consisting of Pulverised fly ash (PFA), Red Mud (RM), Bottom ash (BA), Titano gypsum (TiG), Red Titano gypsum (RTiG) and Phospho Gypsum (PG). Further investigation of metals adsorption based on Algibon was systematically conducted. A800 which demonstrated the most promising results early on and was found to be the most stable material, and was used as the adsorber. A solution containing four high value metal ions (i.e. Co, Cu, Ag and Cd) were selected for the adsorption experiment. Investigation focused on the nature of the metal ions and how they affect the kinetic parameters of adsorption in a detailed experimental analysis of the model system. Different types of adsorption isotherms were applied. The maximum adsorption capacity for each metal was found from the fit isotherm type. Kinetic adsorption was tested and kinetic order model study was carried out.
9
Souza, Janilson Lima. "MESOCARPO DO COCO VERDE (Cocos nucífera) COMO ADSORVENTE PARA OS CORANTES: TURQUESA REMAZOL E AZUL REMAZOL." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2009. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/902.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-19T12:56:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Janilson Lima Souza.pdf: 1888741 bytes, checksum: afd5433449dae962b746bb158a2b3c5e (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2009-10-15Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
In this work the green coconut mesocarp was used as adsorbent towards two textile dyes: Turquoise Remazol and Blue Remazol. The adsorbent was triturated, washed several times with water for extraction of soluble matter, dried in oven and sieved to obtain particle size between 0.088 and 0.177 mm. Determinations of C/H/N content were performed and the obtained results were: 45.20, 6.24 and 0.74%, respectively. The study of the thermal stability showed that adsorbent is mainly affected up to 200 °C. The infrared and 13C RMN spectra allowed assigning unambiguously vibrational bands the chemical shift characteristics of lignocellulosic materials. According to X-ray and micrographies techniques the adsorbent has an amorphous and irregular structure. The most of the pores diameter values are around 10 to 20 μm, meaning that it can be classified as a macroporous material. The pHzpc of the mesocarp was estimated in 4.1, and the best removal efficiency and uptake were reached at pH 2.0 for both dyes. The kinetic studies were performed at different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 oC) , and the best observed uptake results were 91.95%, at 50 ºC, for the Turquoise Remazol, and 97.12%, at 10 ºC, for the Blue Remazol. The best kinetic model that fit well with all the experimental results was the pseudo-second order model (R2 > 0.999), and the observed average contact time for the systems reach the equilibrium was 90 min. The graphic model of adsorption intraparticular presented three lineal segments, indicating that in the adsorption of these dyes three processes are involved: external diffusion or superficial interaction adsorbent/adsorbate, diffusion of the adsorbate into the pores of the adsorbent and interaction of the adsorvate with the active sites inside the pores. The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir´s model, and the maximum adsorption values varied between 49.27 to 60.25 mg/g (Turquoise Remazol) and 84.75 to 80.64 mg/g (Blue Remazol) at the temperature interval from 10 to 50 ºC. The thermodynamic parameters confirmed the spontaneity for the two processes of adsorption being endothermic with entropy increase for the Turquoise Remazol and exothermic with entropy increase for the Blue Remazol. The dessorption of the dyes were accomplished in alkaline medium (pH 8,0), and the recovered amounts dyes were of 41.5% (turquoise remazol) and 52.5%, for an equilibrium time of 90 minutes.
Neste trabalho o mesocarpo de coco verde foi utilizado como adsorvente para os dois corantes têxteis: Turquesa Remazol e Azul Remazol. O adsorvente foi triturado, submetido à diversas lavagens para extração de matéria solúvel em água, secado e peneirado obtendo uma granulometria entre 0,088 a 0,177 mm. Teores de microanálise determinaram % de C, H e N sendo iguais a 45,20; 6,24 e 0,74 %, respectivamente. Estudos de estabilidade térmica do adsorvente mostraram que este se mantém inalterado até 200 °C. As principais freqüências vibracionais apresentaram bandas características de materiais lignocelulósicos. A técnica de raios-X determinou um caráter amorfo, e as micrografias mostraram que a superfície do material apresenta morfologia irregular, com diâmetros de poros entre 10-20 μm e uma estrutura macroporosa. O espectro de RMN de 13C é característico de materiais celulósicos. O pHzpc do mesocarpo foi estimado em 4,1, sendo observado uma melhor eficiência de remoção em pH 2,0 para ambos os corantes. As cinéticas foram realizadas em diferentes temperaturas (10, 20, 30, 40 e 50ºC) cujas quantidades máximas removidas foram 91,95 % (50 ºC) para o turquesa remazol e 97,12 % (10 ºC) para o azul remazol, sendo o modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem (R2 > 0,999) o mais adequado com quantidades adsorvidas variando entre 29,93 36,78 mg/g (turquesa remazol) e 38,63 38,29 mg/g (azul remazol) nas faixas de 10 a 50 ºC para um tempo de equilíbrio de 90 minutos. O modelo gráfico de adsorção intraparticular apresentou três segmentos lineares, indicando que na adsorção dos dois corantes estão envolvidos três processos: interação adsorvente/adsorvato superficial externa, difusão do adsorvato dentro dos poros do adsorvente e interação do adsorvato com os sítios ativos dentro dos poros. As isotermas de adsorções foram avaliadas, sendo que as quantidades máximas adsorvidas variaram entre 49,27 60,25 mg/g (turquesa remazol) e 84,75 80,64 mg/g (azul remazol) nas faixas de temperatura de 10 a 50 ºC. Os resultados obtidos seguiram o modelo de Langmuir (R2 > 0,985). Os parâmetros termodinâmicos confirmaram a espontaneidade para os dois processos de adsorção sendo endotérmico com aumento de entropia para o turquesa remazol e exotérmico com aumento de entropia para o azul remazol. A dessorção dos corantes foi realizada em meio alcalino (pH 8,0), sendo recuperado 41,5 % para o turquesa remazol e 52,5 % para o azul remazol em um tempo de equilíbrio de 90 minutos.
10
Alt, Aizhan [Verfasser]. "The effects of Rho-kinase inhibitor H-1152P, the dyes acid violet-17 and indocyanine green on retinal function in the electrophysiological model of the isolated and perfused vertebrate retina / Aizhan Alt." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1078974322/34.
Full text
11
Baldo, Gizele Rejane. "Derivatizações aniônica e catiônica de resíduos do processamento dos fios de algodão para remoção de corantes têxteis." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/833.
Full textAbstract:
CAPESA indústria têxtil brasileira ocupa um importante papel na economia e se posiciona entre as 10 maiores produtoras mundiais. Seus efluentes, gerados no processo de tingimento dos tecidos, contém cargas de 15 a 50% de corantes, além de outros contaminantes. Com vistas à remediação ambiental destes efluentes, o resíduo do processamento dos fios de algodão (RA), que é coletado na própria unidade fabril, revelou-se um material atraente para a remoção de corantes após sua derivatização química com ácido monocloroacético (AMCA) ou cloreto dietilaminoetil.cloridrato (DEAE+reagente), obtendo matrizes iônicas do tipo carboximetil-RA (CM--RA) e dietilaminoetil-RA (DEAE+-RA), respectivamente. Estas matrizes foram obtidas através de delineamentos experimentais, sendo que para a CM--RA foram avaliados os fatores: a) concentração de NaOH; b) volume de isopropanol e c) quantidade de AMCA, enquanto que para a DEAE+-RA, os fatores foram: a) concentração de NaOH e b) quantidade de DEAE-reagente. Tais matrizes foram ensaiadas, respectivamente, quanto à eficiência na retenção de corantes: catiônico, C.I. Basic Blue 41 (BB 41) e aniônico, C.I. Reactive Red 239 (RR 239), em experimentos em coluna e batelada. Também foi avaliada a biodegradabilidade desses materiais utilizando enzimas celulolíticas. Para as melhores matrizes obtidas foram realizados experimentos adicionais quanto à eficiência de retenção dos corantes (concentração inicial, tempo de contato e adição de sais), a biodegradabilidade após a retenção dos corantes e o ensaio de regeneração das matrizes. Para a CM--RA, a eficiência de captação de corante catiônico foi predominantemente determinada pela concentração de álcali. A inclusão do maior volume de isopropanol resultou em incremento da eficiência, entretanto, com custo adicional não justificável. A melhor matriz obtida na ausência de isopropanol apresentou valores de retenção para os testes em coluna e batelada maior que um produto comercial do tipo carboximetilcelulose. Para o teste de biodegradabilidade, as amostras derivatizadas tiveram hidrólises próximas aos controles com adição de NaOH. Para o DEAE+-RA, a principal variável responsável pela eficiência da retenção de corantes foi a quantidade do derivatizante, sendo que nos ensaios em coluna e batelada a resposta foi semelhante ao obtido com um produto comercial DEAE-Celulose. Através do teste de biodegradabilidade observou-se que a derivatização reduziu a porcentagem de hidrólise quando comparada aos seus controles com NaOH. Para as melhores matrizes, o ensaio de concentração inicial de corantes indicou que a retenção é maior com o aumento da concentração. Quanto à adição de NaCl, houve redução da retenção de corante na matriz carboximetilada enquanto para a dietilaminoetilada a influência foi positiva acima de 50 mM. A presença de corante reduziu em 4,10 e 37,36 % a hidrólise das matrizes carboximetilada e dietilaminoetilada, respectivamente. No presente trabalho, os derivados CM--RA e DEAE+-RA se revelaram eficientes para a remoção dos corantes BB 41 e RR 239, respectivamente, podendo assim se apresentar como uma alternativa no tratamento de efluentes têxteis.
The Brazilian textile industry occupies an important role in the economy and ranks among the 10 largest world producers The effluents generated in the process of fabrics dyeing contain 15 to 50% of dyes and others contaminants. With a view to environmental remediation of these effluents, the processing of cotton yarn waste (cotton dust waste - CDW) that is collected in the plant itself, proved to be an attractive material for the removal of the residual dyes effluents after the chemical derivatization with monochloroacetic acid (MCAA) or diethylaminoethyl chloride.hydrochloride (DEAE+reagent), thus originating matrices carboxymethyl- CDW (CM--CDW) and diethylaminoethyl-CDW (DEAE+-CDW), respectively. These matrices were obtained using experimental designs, when for CM--CDW three factors were evaluated: a) concentration of NaOH; b) volume of isopropanol and c) amount of MCAA, while for DEAE+-CDW, the factors were: a) concentration of NaOH and b) amount of DEAE+reagent. These matrices were tested for their effectiveness in the retention of dyes: the cationic, C. I. Basic Blue 41 (BB 41) and the anionic, C. I. Reactive Red 239 (RR 239), both in column and batch experiments. Also, the biodegradability of these materials was tested. For the best matrices obtained, additional experiments regarding the retention efficiency of the dyes (initial concentration, contact time and addition of salts) and matrices biodegradability after the dye retention were also carried out. For the CM--CDW, the efficiency of uptake of the cationic dye was predominantly determined by the concentration of alkali. The inclusion of the higher volume of isopropanol in the pretreatment step resulted in improved efficiency, but with an additional cost not justifiable. The best matrix obtained in the absence of isopropanol showed retention values for column and batch experiments with respective efficiencies of 3.9 and 2 times higher than a commercial CM-cellulose. For the biodegradability test, the samples of experimental design showed close enzymatic hydrolysis compared with the controls with alkali. For the DEAE+-CDW, the main variable for the efficiency of dye retention is predominantly determined by the amount of DEAE+reagent. The maximum retention of the anionic dye was obtained in columns while the batch alternatve performance was close to that of a commercial DEAE-Cellulose. The biodegradability test revealed that the derivatization with DEAE+reagent reduced the percentage of hydrolysis by cellulases when compared to the controls with NaOH. The initial concentration test of dye indicated that the retention increases with increased dye concentration and contact time to reach equilibrium which was higher in the higher concentrations in both matrices. The addition of NaCl decreased the dye retention for the carboxymethylated matrix and for the diethylaminoethylizated matrix the influence was positive only after addition of 50 mM. The presence of dye in the matrices derivatized reduced the hydrolysis in 4.10 and 37.36 % for carboxymethylated and diethylaminoethylizated matrices, respectively. Therefore, the CM--CDW and DEAE+- CDW derivatives of CDW proved effective for the removal of the dyes BB 41 and RR 239, respectively, and thus both represent important alternatives in the treatment of colored textile effluents.
12
Olaniyan, Benjamen. "Determination of caprine serum albumin in milk using bromocresol green dye." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18798.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop and validate a rapid and sensitive analytical technique to measure caprine serum albumin (CSA) concentrations in milk, demonstrate its utility and investigate the relationship between CSA and milk constituents. The principle of the technique is based on the binding of albumin to bromocresol green (BCG) dye at pH 4.0 and the absorption of the dye-albumin complex was determined spectrophotometrically at 640nm. A linear relationship existed between CSA concentrations (0.01 to 8.0 mg/ml) and absorbance values. Intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) for the proposed BCG dye-binding assay were 2.6% and 12% respectively. Recovery from milk samples spiked with albumins was 89.15% ± 7.6. Individual milk samples (n=126) were collected from lactating Saanen goats at various stages of lactation in a local dairy herd in Quebec and the CSA concentrations in milk were assayed using the proposed BCG method. Caprine serum albumin concentrations in milk ranged between 0.31 and 0.52 mg/ml. The concentrations of CSA were significantly higher (P < 0.05) at the beginning of lactation, declined rapidly and remained relatively stable in mature milk. Caprine serum albumin correlated positively (P < 0.05) with somatic cell counts (SCC), total solids (TS), protein, fat and whey and correlated negatively (P < 0.05) with lactose concentration and casein. The proposed BCG-dye binding method is easy to perform, rapid, sensitive, reliable and can be used to determine CSA concentrations in milk collected from goats under different physiological conditions.RÉSUMÉ L'objectif de cette étude était de développer et valider une technique analytique sensible et rapide pour mesurer la concentration de serum-albumine dans le lait chèvre (CSA) , démontrer son utilité et enquêter sur le rapport entre le composition de lait et CSA. Le principe de la technique est fondé sur le fait d'attacher d'albumine au colorant vert de bromocresol (BCG) à pH 4.0 et l'absorption du complexe d'albumine de colorant a été déterminé spectrophotometric à 640nm. Un rapport linéaire a existé entre le logarithme de concentrations CSA (0.01 à 8.0 mg/ml) et absorbance. Intra-analyse et inter-analyse coefficients de variation étaient 2.6% et 12% respectivement. Le récupération des échantillons de lait avec des albumines était (89.15% ± 7.6). Les échantillons de lait individuels (n=126) ont été recueillis de chèvres Saanen produisant du lait aux stades différents de lactation dans un troupeau laitier local à Québec et les contenus de CSA dans le lait étaient analyse en utilisant de la nouvelle méthode BCG. La concentration de CSA dans les laits s'étendait entre 0.33 et 0.52 mg/ml. Le niveau de CSA dans le lait était significativement plus haut (P < 0.05) au début du lactation, diminuer rapidement et était relativement stable dans le lait adulte. Serum-albumine dans le lait chevre était faiblement corrèle (P < 0.05) avec les comptes de cellule somatiques (SCC), le total solides (TS), la protéine, le gras et le petit lait mais corrélé (P < 0.05) négativement avec les concentrations de lactose et le caséine. Cette méthode analyse de BCG est simple, rapide, et fiable et peut être utilisé pour déterminer des concentrations de CSA dans le lait provenant des chèvres sous des différentes conditions physiologiques.
13
Mokbel, Haifaa. "Vers de nouveaux systèmes amorceurs pour la photopolymérisation radicalaire et/ou cationique dans des conditions plus respectueuses de l’environnement." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MULH8954/document.
Full textAbstract:
Les procédés de photopolymérisation connaissent un développement important avec des applications considérables dans le milieu industriel en raison de ses avantages économiques et écologiques. Les réactions de photopolymérisation sont très représentées, elles reposent sur l’utilisation d’un composé ou d'un système photosensible sous irradiation, générant des espèces réactives capables d’amorcer la polymérisation et de réagir avec le monomère. Le principal objectif de ce travail de thèse consiste à développer des molécules efficaces comme photoamorceurs (PA) pour la photopolymérisation radicalaire (FRP) d’une part et la photopolymérisation cationique (CP) ou la photopolymérisation cationique sensibilisée par les radicaux (FRPCP) d’autre part. Nous nous sommes intéressés à des systèmes amorceurs hautes performances absorbant fortement dans le domaine du visible et permettant l’utilisation de lampes non nocives et à faible consommation d'énergie : les diodes électroluminescentes (LED). Ainsi, un procédé original portant sur la combinaison de la photopolymérisation radicalaire et la photopolymérisation cationique en une seule étape a été examiné. Cette approche a fait appel à la synthèse de réseaux interpénétrés de polymères (RIP) comportant les propriétés spécifiques de chaque polymère. Les efforts ont été consacrés au développement de nouveaux composés avec de nouvelles structures chimiques et d’excellentes propriétés d’absorption de lumière avec de coefficients d’extinctions molaires très élevés.Des systèmes construits sur l’utilisation de différentes structures comme photoamorceurs ont pu être mis au point dans le cadre de cette thèse. La possibilité d’utiliser des colorants présentant un caractère push-pull, ou des colorants étant caractérisés par une structure polyène ou une structure polyaromatique a pu être considérée. Egalement, des structures à base de xanthène sensibles dans le domaine proche visible ont pu être proposées. De plus, ce travail a permis d’étudier de nouveaux systèmes photoamorceurs à base de structures minérales telles que les polyoxométallates ou les pérovskites. Ainsi, la possibilité de proposer de nouveaux sels d’iodonium à base de coumarine a pu être démontrée. Des meilleures performances ont été atteintes en utilisant des systèmes photoamorceurs à deux composants (PA/Ph2I+) ou à trois composants (PA/Ph2I+/additif) dans des conditions d’irradiation douce. Afin d’étudier et caractériser ces photoamorceurs, la cinétique de la réaction de photopolymérisation a été suivie par spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (RT-FTIR). Les radicaux générés ont été détectés par résonance paramagnétique électronique (RPE). La photolyse laser éclair (LFP) a été utilisée comme technique complémentaire pour étudier l’efficacité et la réactivité de radicaux générésThe photopolymerization reaction is used in an increasing number of industrial applications because of the remarkable performance of the process. The photopolymerization reactions require the presence of photosensitive compounds. These latter can absorb light and participate in the photoinitiation through the generation of reactive species. The main objective of this PHD was to develop efficient molecules as photoinitiators (PI) for the free radical photopolymerization (FRP), the cationic photopolymerization (CP) and the free radical promoted cationic photopolymerization (FRPCP). We were interested in new high performance photoinitiating systems (PISs) exhibiting excellent light absorption properties (especially in the visible wavelength range). The photopolymerization must be carried out under soft irradiation conditions (non harmful lamps, low energy consumption and low intensity sources: light-emitting diodes LED). Thus, a novel method involving concomitant radical/cationic photopolymerization in one step was examined. This approach involves the synthesis of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) comprising the specific properties of each polymer. The efforts have been devoted to the development of new compounds with new chemical structures and excellent light absorption properties with high molar extinctions coefficients.Many PISs based on different photoinitiators structures have been developed in this work. The possibility to use dyes having a push-pull character, or dyes being characterized by a polyene or polyaromatic structures were considered. Also, originals xanthenes derivatives sensitive in the visible region have been proposed. In particular, this work has enabled the study of new PISs based on inorganic structures such as polyoxometalates and perovskites. Thus, the possibility to propose new iodonium salts based coumarin could be demonstrated. The best performance was achieved using two-components (PI/Ph2I+) or three-components (PI /Ph2I+/additive) photoinitiating systems under soft irradiation conditions. The kinetics of photopolymerization were evaluated using real time FTIR spectroscopy. The generated radicals were observed using the electron spin resonance (ESR) technique. The laser flash photolysis (LFP) was used as a complementary technique to study the efficiency and the reactivity of radicals generated
14
Gutiérrez, Tauste David. "Development of Soft Chemical Processes: Preparation of TiO(2) Films and Powders at Low Temperature." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3275.
Full textAbstract:
El processament convencional de materials d'òxid de titani (TiO2) inherentment implica un consum energètic important i ha esdevingut una limitació tecnològica per a la fabricació de dispositius emprant substrats termolàbils així com per a la preparació de materials híbrids orgànic/TiO2. Aquesta tesi doctoral tracta del desenvolupament de processos químics per a la preparació de capes i pols de TiO2 d'acord amb principis de Química Verda, posant especial èmfasi en el processament a baixa temperatura. Plantejaments simples, benignes amb el medi ambient i de baix cost són els desitjats sota aquestes directrius. A més a més, els mètodes a baixa temperatura (idealment fins a un màxim proper a 100ºC) haurien de donar lloc a materials que exhibeixin propietats similars a aquells processats a alta temperatura o tractats solvotermalment. S'ha focalitzat especial interès en la recerca d'aplicacions pràctiques dels materials produïts en camps com la conversió d'energia solar i materials actuadors.El procesamiento convencional de materiales de óxido de titanio (TiO2) inherentemente implica un consumo energético importante y ha resultado una limitación tecnológica para la fabricación de dispositivos utilizando substratos termolábiles así como para la preparación de materiales híbridos orgánico/TiO2. Esta tesis doctoral trata el desarrollo de procesos químicos suaves para la preparación de capas y polvos de TiO2 de acuerdo con principios de Química Verde, poniendo especial énfasis en el procesamiento a baja temperatura. Planteamientos simples, benignos con el medioambiente y de bajo conste son los deseados bajo estas directrices. Además, los métodos a baja temperatura (idealmente hasta un máximo próximo a 100ºC) deberían dar lugar a materiales que exhiban propiedades similares a aquellos procesados a alta temperatura o tratados solvotermalmente. Se ha centrado especial interés en la búsqueda de aplicaciones prácticas de los materiales producidos en campos como la conversión de energía solar y materiales actuadores.
Conventional high-temperature processing of titanium dioxide (TiO2) materials inherently implies important energy consumption and has became a technological limitation for fabricating devices employing thermolabile substrates as well as preparing hybrid organic/TiO2 materials. This PhD thesis deals with the development of chemical processes for preparing TiO2 films and powders fitting Green Chemistry principles, putting special emphasis on low-temperature processing. Simple, environmentally benign and low-cost approaches are desired upon these guidelines. Moreover, low-temperature methods (ideally up to a maximum closer to 100ºC) should give rise to materials exhibiting properties similar than those processed at high temperature or solvothermally treated. Special interest has been focused on finding practical applications of the as-prepared materials in fields such as solar energy conversion and actuating materials.
15
aljoumhawy, mahmoud [Verfasser], Detlef [Akademischer Betreuer] Gabel, Detlef [Gutachter] Gabel, Gerd-Volker [Gutachter] Röschenthaler, and Maik [Gutachter] Finze. "An Insight into Derivatization of closo-Dodecaborate and Synthesis and Application of Indocyanine Green Dye / mahmoud aljoumhawy ; Gutachter: Detlef Gabel, Gerd-Volker Röschenthaler, Maik Finze ; Betreuer: Detlef Gabel." Bremen : IRC-Library, Information Resource Center der Jacobs University Bremen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1235757218/34.
Full text
16
Chen, Yi-Ru, and 陳怡如. "Green dyeing process of natural indigo dyes." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a2xq62.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
105
Indigo dye is a reducing dye. According to it is insoluble in water, so it has to introduce reducing agent. In general, indigo dye handled with sodium dithionite (insurance powder) and alkali to convert it into soluble indigo white for cotton yarn dyeing. However, these processes involve environmental and ecological problems, chemical reducing agent containing wastewater discharge will cause environment pollution but natural reducing agent is not. From references, mulberry, grape peel and blueberry are rich in anthocyanin which is ability with reduction to convert indigo dye to indigo white. But the reducing activity is too low to be commercialized. Taiwan abounds fruit including banana and banana peel is containing anti-oxidation such as dopamine, gallocatechin, flavonoids and catecholamines. In this study, the reducing mechanism and dying ability of extracts of banana peel was discussed including oxidation-reduction potential, reduction time and temperature. The formula of indigo dye and reduction potential were screened by Taguchi orthogonal array to improve the dye leveling and stainability. The possibility of sodium dithionite substituted by extracts of banana peel was also discussed with apparent concentration（K/S）.As the results, extracts of banana peel was ability with reduction of indigo dye. The best apparent concentration was obtained as the concentration of reducing agent was 200g/L, NaOH was 20g/L and the processing parameters was 45℃and 5hr.
17
Chien, Fang-yun, and 簡芳芸. "Green Perylene Bisimide Dyes: Synthesis, Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90217357455970081691.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
化學工程學系
104
Three asymmetric amino-substituted perylene bisimide dyes with different n-alkyl chain lengths (n = 6, 12, or 18), 1-(N,N-dialkylamino)perylene bisimides (1a–1c), were synthesized under mild condition in high yields and were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), HRMS (High Resolution Mass Spectrometer), UV-Vis and fluorescence spectra, as well as cyclic voltammetry (CV). These molecules show intense green color in both solution and solid state and are highly soluble in dichloromethane and even in nonpolar solvents, such as hexane. The shapes of the absorption spectra of 1a–1c in solid state and in solution were found to be virtually the same, indicating that the long alkyl chains could efficiently prevent aggregation. They exhibit a unique charge transfer emission in the near-infrared region, of which the peak wavelengths show strong solvatochromism. The dipole moments of the compounds have been estimated using the Lippert-Mataga equation, and upon excitation, they show larger dipole moment changes than that of 1-aminoperylene bisimide (2). Furthermore, all of the compounds exhibit two quasi-reversible one-electron oxidations and two quasi-reversible one-electron reductions in dichloromethane at modest potentials. Complementary density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed on these dyes are reported in order to rationalize their molecular structures and electronic properties.
18
Lee, Hua-Kwang, and 李華光. "Designing Green Chemistry Experiments：Feasibility of Fenton Reagent as an Oxidant on Dyes." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/engjs9.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中原大學
化學研究所
99
The goal of this study is to develop a protocol for promoting the concept of green chemistry to college students. We designed the degradation products that they do not persist in the environment. We used the solvent in this system by water to reduces the toxicity in the environment. The most suitable protocol was tested by evaluating the non-photochemical process (Fenton, Fenton-like) in removing two of the commonly used dyes, Crystal Violet (CV) and Acid Blue 1 (AB1). The colorimetric process is applied to evaluate the outcome in this protocol. Experimental parameters were analyzed by Taguchi orthogonal arrays. Evaluation of the effect of pH and molarity ratio of Fenton (FeSO4/H2O2)、Fenton-like (Fe(NO3)3/H2O2) and then coupled with UV/Vis spectrophotometer was used to detect the removal efficiency and chemical kinetics of the sample. Results showed that pH played an important role in this system. At the pH=3, the reaction was finished for 10 minute. For CV the ideal pH for FeSO4/H2O2 (0.5 mM：50 mM) and Fe(NO3)3/H2O2 (1 mM：50 mM) was about 4 with a concentration of 50mM. Another dye, Acid Blue 1, was chosen to test the reactivity of Fenton reagent. Identical experiments parameters as for CV were applied and the optimal pH was found to be 4, with 50 mM of AB1, and FeSO4/H2O2 = 0.5：50. With these terms, color changed could be observed readily.
19
FRANCHI, DANIELE. "Optimization of components for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: a combined approach for performance improvement." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1079132.
Full textAbstract:
Photovoltaic devices are capable of converting light into an orderly flow of charges also known as Electricity. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) are newgeneration photovoltaic devices in which the component capable of absorbing light and creating a separation of electric charges are dye molecules adsorbed on a semitransparent thin layer of a semiconductor.
Despite their simple architecture, DSSCs are devices characterized by a very complex entanglement of physical variables, each one interacting with the others to determine macroscopic features of the device. For example: the energy levels of the photoactive compound set limits on the portion of solar light that will be absorbed; the orbital overlap between the semiconductor substrate and the dye rule on the electron injection; the electron density on the solid surface and the ions concentration in the liquid charge carrier shape the outcome voltage. The all of this parameters, and many more, needs to be tuned each other to convert the solar energy with the best efficiency.
In this piece of writing, I am analyzing tree of the main parts of DSSCs: the semiconductor solid surface, the photoactive dye material, and the electrolyte charge transporter. Not only will efficiency issue be addressed, but also longevity of the devices, generally hampered by dye degradation or electrolyte evaporation; esthetical needs such as transparency and color; and deep understanding of nanocomposites or ionic liquids application response will be addressed.
20
Chang, Li-sheng, and 張力升. "Room Temperature Ionic Liquid as a Green Solvent for Aniline Dyes extraction from Aqueous Solution." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53355930652089301866.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
環境工程與科學所
95
The green environmental protection techniques are the chief goal in which the whole world is pursuing. The green chemistry is aimed to design safer chemicals with less toxicity and minor environmental damage. Currently, lots of the clean process are focused on the replacement the toxic chemicals, such as commonly used volatile organic compounds, especially CHCl3, C2H2Cl2, C2HCl3 and C2Cl4. With more global attentions are paid to the hot issue regarding soil and groundwater pollution, the main objectives of today’s green process are to reduce the usage of organic solvents and try to find out an alternative environmentally benign solvent. In the past decade, scientists made great efforts to design a green solvent i.e. ionic liquid to substitute the traditional toxic organic solvent. The superior characteristic of ionic liquid includes incombustible under room temperature, less toxicity and hardly carries volatility. Besides, it can be recycled and also in some circumstance dissolve organic compounds. This research is aimed to seek the optimal ionic liquid to extract the dye stuff from aqueous phase. By controlling the extraction conditions such as time and pH, the best extraction efficiency was observed that using ionic liquid [BMIM][PF6] and [BMPy][Tf2N] for aniline dyes (ex malachite green, crystal violet and brilliant green) extraction from aqueous solution. This extraction technique could also be applied to the analytical purposes to pre-concentration of dye sample in water. The experimental results showed that it''s feasible to use [BMIM][PF6] and [BMPy][Tf2N] to extract aniline dyes. Both the extraction efficiency is up to 100%. Some interesting results also found that the use of [BMPy][Tf2N] is more efficient than [BMIM][PF6] for dye extraction. As far as [BMIM][PF6] is considered, the dissolution in water increase no matter in acid or alkaline solutions. However in case of [BMPy][Tf2N], the dissolution hardly increases in acid solutions. Other factor such as the pH influence on the extraction of dyes was also carefully studied, as pH=5, the extraction efficiency were >93% or >96%, respectively for both ionic liquids used. For both [BMIM][PF6] and [BMPy][Tf2N], the extraction efficiency could be up to 100% after 60s. With the increase of extraction time, the extraction efficiency also elevates. The [BMPy][Tf2N] always works better than [BMIM][PF6]. For analytic chemistry pre-concentration application, our results showed that [BMIM][PF6] and [BMPy][Tf2N] can be used on the examination of Malachite green with 100% recovery.
21
Gultom, Irma Suryani, and 艾瑪. "Green Synthesis of Urchin-Shaped TiOx-Au Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes and Inactivation of Bacteria." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8ny96s.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
生命科學暨生物科技學系
105
We report a one-pot morphology-controlled synthesis of TiOx decorated gold nanocomposite (TiOx–Au NCs) using HAuCl4 and titanium trichloride (TiCl3) as precursors, and catechin as reducing agent. Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) synthesized by the reduction of Au3+ ions by catechin polymer in the absence of TiCl3 had distorted spherical shape with a thick layer of catechin polymer coating on the nanoparticle. However, Au NPs synthesized in presence of TiCl3 in the reaction mixture obtained a range of morphologies from spherical to urchin-like shape as the concentration of TiCl3 increased in the reaction mixture. Interestingly, only very thin layers of TiO2 and poly(catechin) were coated on Au NPs to form TiOx–Au NCs. The obtained TiOx–Au NCs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The photocatalytic activity of TiOx–Au NCs was examined for the photocatalytic degradation of different dyes, such as methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (Rh B), and malachite green (MG) under white light from xenon lamp. The degradation of the dyes by TiOx–Au NCs as photocatalyst for an irradiation time of 60 min was >99%. The TiOx–Au NCs exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and MRSA. It showed almost complete death of bacterial cells after 80 min. or light exposure from a Xenon arc lamp. The urchin-shaped TiOx–Au NCs exhibited such high photocatalytic efficiency due to the its large number of gold spikes, which enabled high surface area, light absorption in a wide wavelength range, plasmon-induced sensitization of TiO2, and fast electron transfer. Considering the excellent photoconversion efficiency of TiOx–Au NCs, it could be applied for catalyzing a variety of other chemical reactions and for developing sensors. Keywords: one-pot synthesis, TiOx-Au nanoparticles, TiCl3, catechin, photocatalytic degradation, dyes, photocatalytic bacterial inactivation
22
Lee, Kuen-ying, and 李坤穎. "Combination of Green Technique with Ionic Liquid Extraction for Removal Synthetic Dyes and Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solution." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87587496292627866712.
Full textAbstract:
碩士逢甲大學
環境工程與科學所
96
Liquid-liquid extraction technique is able to separate or concentrate pollutants. In the past decay, the traditional toxic organic solvents such as benzene, toluene, n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform and tri-chloroethene were often used. However, these volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are extremely hazardous to earth environment and the human beings. Therefore, numerous countries have legislated to ban the usage of these organic solvents. In the recent years, room temperature ionic liquids as green solvent has been developed to replace the toxic organic solvents. The superior characteristics of ionic liquid include low vapor pressure, not flammable, less toxicity and environment friendly. One of the applications by using ionic liquid is used to remove the organic matters from the aqueous solution. This study is aimed to use ionic liquid as novel extracting agent to extract synthetic dyes and metal ions from water solution. First, two types of synthetic dyes were selected in this study. One is hydrophilic Rhodamine-B dye which is easily to dissolve in water, and the other is hydrophobic Para-red dye which have limit solubility dissolve only in alkalinity solution and heated up to 75℃. Two kinds of dyes were rapidly extracted by ionic liquid and the extraction efficiency could be up to 99%. Our studies have shown the feasibility and as a green technology to use ionic liquids to extract the dyes from aqueous solution at ambient conditions. Secondly, [BMPy][Tf2N] was also used to extract Cr(VI) from water. Chelating agents were needed to complex the metals before the extraction. Acetylacetone were used as chelating agent for Cr(VI). Graphite furnance atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for evaluation the extraction efficiency. Experimental conditions such as the dosages addition of chelating agent, pH of aqueous, and volume ratio of water to IL were carefully discussed. Pipet 5mL of 10 mg/L of Cr(VI), the volume ratio for aqueous to IL extraction is 10:1. With two aliquots extraction the removal of Cr(VI) for aqueous was about 95% when acetylactone as[BMPy][Tf2N] were used. Our studies have proven that the ionic liquid as green solvent has shown its superior characteristics for remove toxic organic and inorganic pollutants from water solution. Key words：Ionic liquid, Dye, Cr(VI), extraction, green technique
23
Wu, Bo-chih, and 吳博智. "ombination of Green Technique with Ionic Liquid Extraction for Removal Organic Dyes and Metal Ions from Aqueous Solution." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23406600049563233092.
Full text
24
Shinde, Satish Laxman. "Thermal Oxidation Strategies for the Synthesis of Binary Oxides and their Applications." Thesis, 2014. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2899.
Full textAbstract:
Binary oxides constitute an outstanding class of functional materials with potential applications in many fields such as catalysis, gas sensing, field emission, solar cells, photodetection, etc. Due to the difference in their physical/chemical properties, different oxides have been explored for different applications. For examples, SnO2, Cr2O3 and ZnO are being explored for gas sensing due to their high adsorption capacity for volatile gases, ZnO, Cu2O etc. are being explored in solar cells because of high adsorption coefficient in UV/visible region and so on. Various techniques are available for synthesis of binary oxides and tuning their properties. Most of the physical or chemical synthesis techniques are expensive, need high cost instruments and produces hazardous chemical waste. We need a simple, cost effective and ecofriendly techniques for the synthesis of binary oxides.
In present work, a simple and facile thermal oxidation strategy has been employed for the synthesis of various binary oxides (Cu2O, GeO2 and ZnO). For example, CuO nanorods are obtained when Cu is heated around ~ 500 oC, which then heated in Ar atmosphere to obtain a film of porous Cu2O. Similarly, GeO2 with different morphologies and green-luminescent ZnO are obtained by controlling the reaction parameters. These oxides have then been explored for various applications including white light phosphors, catalysis for the degradation of dyes and non-contact thermometry. Overall, we present a thermal oxidation strategy for the synthesis of various binary oxides and explore potential applications in various fields.
25
Ting, Tzu-Yu, and 丁子鈺. "A Wet- and Dry- Processable Phosphorescent Green Dye Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Roll-up Efficiency." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18208135794594423111.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
材料科學工程學系
100
We demonstrate in this report a novel wet- and dry-process feasible green bis[5-methyl-8-trifluoromethyl-5H-benzo(c)(1,5)naphthyridin-6- one]iridium(picolinate) (3-CF3BNO) containing Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device with an efficacy roll-up character. The newly synthesized iridium complex exhibits a relatively short excited-state lifetime (0.39 μs) and a high quantum yield of 74%, both which warrant this complex to be a highly electroluminescence active candidate as long as a proper device structure is coupled. The wet processed device using a 3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl) tetraphenylsilane (SimCP2) host, for example, shows a 52 lm/W with an 18% external quantum efficiency (EQE) at 100 cd/m2, which increases to 61 lm/W with a 23% EQE at 1,000 cd/m2, the highest among all reported wet-processed green OLEDs. Based on the same device structure, the green tris(2-phenylpyridine) iridium(III) (Ir(ppy)3) containing counterpart exhibits only a 12 lm/W with a 6% EQE at 1,000 cd/m2. For the dry-processed device using a 4,4-bis(carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (CBP) host, it is 59 lm/W with a 25% EQE at 1,000 cd/m2, while the counterpart of the green Ir(ppy)3 exhibits only 25 lm/W with a 5% EQE. These comparisons also demonstrate this green 3-CF3BNO emitter to possess a potential to yield an even higher device efficacy provided more appropriate hosting, co-hosting, carrier transporting, and/or carrier confining materials are employed.
26
Cho, Sangik. "Quantum chemical studies of spectroscopy and electrochemistry of large conjugated molecular systems." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2009-05-12.
Full textAbstract:
The molecular identity of the green emission of polyfluorene is investigated in the view point of the molecular interactions between modeled segments. The semi-empirical quantum methods, ZINDO/S and AM1 (AM1-CIS), are used in combination to provide reasonable explanations for experimental spectroscopic properties of monodisperse fluorene oligomers and fluorene oligomers with a central keto defect in dilute solutions. Applying the same method, the molecular interactions between model segments are found to exist and are significant. However, the spectroscopic property change from the molecular interactions is negligible. In addition, the effects of mechanical stress and multi-defects on fluorene oligomers are investigated. On the other hand, the redox mechanisms proposed for the oxidation of an amphiphilic cyanine (C8S3) J-aggregates immobilized at ITO electrode and the subsequent dehydrogenated dimmer formation during cyclic voltammetry based on analysis of absorption spectra during the process are verified with the combined semi-empirical quantum methods similar to the previous methods. The absorption spectra assigned by experiment for electrochemical species involved in the proposed mechanism show reasonable match to the theoretically estimated absorption energies of the corresponding simplified model systems. In addition, the standard reduction potentials of the fairly large molecules, C8S3 monomer and its dehydrogenated dimer, are pursued with quantum mechanical calculations. The free energy difference between the oxidized and reduced states of the target systems is decomposed to electronic energy, solvation energy and temperature-dependent free energies terms. Based on AM1 ground state geometries and with the corresponding temperature dependent free energies, the electronic energies and the solvation energies are each evaluated by two different methods. The electronic energies are calculated with AM1 method and DFT calculation and, also, the solvation energies are obtained based on the atomic partial charges from AM1 and DFT wavefunctions with continuum dielectric solvent approximation. The four calculation schemes from the combinations of the electronic and solvation energy estimation methods are tested with the redox compounds with various molecular weights and the estimations are compared with the corresponding experimental redox potentials. The relative redox potentials between two different redox systems are found to be reasonably estimated with the four calculation schemes.text
27
Chuang, Wei-Ti, and 莊惟廸. "Green Fluorescent Protein chromophore and its derivatives;High-Yield Synthesis, the Study of Spectroscopy and Potential Application for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pu3p2e.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立臺灣大學
化學研究所
99
Chapter 1 One-step condensation between Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) chromophore and 1H-imidazole-5-carbaldehyde catalyzed by ZnCl2 proved to be a facile method to synthesize red Kaede chromophore and its derivatives (1a-d, 2 and 3 > 70%), among which 1a then demonstrated its potential as a dye in solar cell, with a moderate conversion efficiency (
28
LIN, SUNG-TA, and 林松達. "Study on the preparation of hydroxylamine modified reactive green 19 dye nanofiber membrane and its application in adsorption and desorption of lysozyme." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/aw6zrp.
Full textAbstract:
碩士明志科技大學
化學工程系生化工程碩士班
107
In this study, a polyacrylonitrile nanofiber membrane (PAN) was prepared by electrospinning technology. The -CN group on the membrane was further modified with hydroxylamine group (namely P-Oxime), which was grafted with Reactive Green 19 dye to obtain a dye-affinitiy nanofiber membrane (namely P-Oxime-Dye). The chemical structure and surface morphology of the PAN, P-Oxime, and P-Oxime-Dye membranes were analyzed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and SEM (scanning electron microscope), and TGA (Thermal Gravimetric analysis). In this study, lysozyme was used as a model protein and was used to investigate the effects of operating parameters on the adsorption capacity of P-Oxime-Dye for lysozyme (such as modification temperature and time, immobilized dye concentration, adsorption pH, lysozyme concentration). Moreover, thermodynamic and kinetic models were also used to fit the experimental dada. Thermodynamic and kinetic adsorption were well fitted by linear model and by pseudo-second order model, respectively. The adsorbed lysozyme can be eluted with a yield of ~90% by using 1 M NaCl. For real chicken egg white solution, the optimal adsorption for lysozyme was found to be pH 9. However, the adsorbed lysozyme and contaminating proteins by using 1 M NaCl containing 25-75% organic solvents (e.g. ethanol, ethylene glycol, or glycerol) was only eluted with very low yields (< 2%). More experiments for the complete elution of lysozyme are still needed to develop. Key words: Electrospinning technology, Lysozyme, Reactive green 19 dye, Dye affinity nanofiber membrane, Chicken egg white, Kinetics, Thermodynamics
29
CAI, DAI-LUN, and 蔡岱倫. "Study on the Preparation of Chitosan Modified Reactive Green 19 Dye Nanofiber Membrane and its Application in Adsorption and Desorption of Lysozyme." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/t2cdad.
Full textAbstract:
碩士明志科技大學
化學工程系生化工程碩士班
107
In this study, a polyacrylonitrile nanofiber film (PAN) was prepared by electrospinning technology. After heat treatment, alkaline hydrolysis and neutralization reaction, a weak cation exchange membrane (P-COOH) was formed. The P-COOH membrane was further with chitosan by chemically grafted to obtain a composite P-Chitosan fmembrane, and finally covalently bonded with a reactive Green 19 dye to obtain a dye affinity nanofiber membrane (i.e.,P-Chitosan-Dye). The chemical structure and surface morphology of the dyed nanofiber membrane were analyzed by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscope), and TGA (thermogravimetric analyzer). Firstly, the adsorption for pure lysozyme were carried out under various conditions in a batch conditions, including chitosan molecular weight, coupling pH, chitosan concentration, dye concentration, dye pH, and lysozyme pH. Further screening for P-Chitosan-Dye membrane desorption conditions were carried out different pH values, salt components and their concentrations. The results showed that the chitosan had a molecular weight of 50 KDa, a pH of 5, a concentration of 0.5%, an immobilized dye concentration of 1 mg/mL, dye pH of 12, and 2 mg/mL lysozyme at pH 8 and the optimal adsorption conditions were found to be 680.68 mg/mL. Furthermore, the thermodynamic and kinetic studies were investigated, and it was found that the adsorption behavior of lysozyme followed the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model and the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The optimal adsorption and desorption conditions obtained according to the batch experiment can be directly used to continuous operation, and the diluted CEW solution was introduced into membrane bioreactor and evaluation of dynamic adsorption breakthrough curve capture of lysozyme from CEW was carried out using P-Chitosan-Dye membrane.
30
Kuo, Hung-Chang, and 郭弘昌. "Molecular Diagnosis of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 1A and Hereditary Neuropathy with Liability to Pressure Palsies by Real-time Quantitative PCR using SYBR Green I dye." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58998911227186265443.
Full textAbstract:
碩士高雄醫學大學
醫學研究所
97
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is one of the most common inherited peripheral neuropathies. According to the hereditary pattern, clinical manifestations and electrophysiologic findings, CMT could be divided into many subgroups. CMT type 1 is an autosomal dominant demyelinating motor and sensory neuropathy. The most common subtype of CMT type 1 is CMT1A, which is caused by the duplication of a 1.5 Mb region containing the peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22) gene on chromosome 17p11.2-12. Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), another autosomal dominant peripheral neuropathy, is caused by deletion of the PMP22 gene. The diagnosis of CMT in the past was mainly dependent on clinical manifestations, family history, electrophysiologic findings and/or sural nerve biopsies. However, these methods could not give information about the underlying genetic defects, so molecular methods were developed for genetic diagnosis. Some molecular diagnostic methods have been used for the diagnosis of CMT. Some methods are accurate, but have the disadvantage of labor-intensive and time-consuming. Some methods are relatively expensive and require specific equipments. We performed real-time quantitative PCR using SYBR Green I dye with our own designed primers for the diagnosis of CMT1A and HNPP. We use comparative threshold cycle method to calculate the estimated PMP22 gene copy number ratio. The estimated PMP22 gene copy number ratio is 1.47 for CMT1A, 0.52 for HNPP and 0.99 for control. Our method could separate the three groups of samples accurately without overlapping. Real-time quantitative PCR using SYBR Green I dye is a sensitive, specific, accurate and reproducible method for the diagnosis of PMP22 gene duplication or deletion. By this method, we could make diagnosis for patients with CMT1A, HNPP, and other types of hereditary neuropathy and could provide them useful information about medical resources and therapeutic developments of the disease. For asymptomatic and high risk families, this method could also provide genetic screening and counseling.