Journal articles on the topic 'Greek language Article'
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1
Huseynova, H. "Words of Turkic origin in ancient Greek." Turkic Studies Journal 2, no. 3 (2020): 35–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2020-2-3-35.
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The article notes the functioning of turkisms in many languages of the world, including Greek, English, French, Russian and other languages. It is known that the Turks established socio-political and cultural ties with many ancient peoples, and sometimes settled on the territories of these peoples or in areas close to them. Such areal contacts caused language and lexical borrowings. N.A. Baskakov in the book “Russian surnames of Turkish origin”, wrote that the origins of 300 noble Russian families go back to Turkic roots, including genealogy and the scientist A.Kh. Khalikov notes numerous Turkic words in the Russian language. In the book “500 generations of Turkish-Bulgarian-Tatar origin, known as Russian”, he explores 500 surnames of Turkic origin. In the book “Turks in the ancestral roots of the Russians” also gives information about the origin of the Turks and the Turkic generations, known as the Russian generation. According to Chingiz Aitmatov, one third of Russian words are Turkic. Similar language Turkish loanwords are observed in ancient Greek and modern Greek, which is the subject of this article. According to some researchers, the Indo-European languages on the territory of the Balkan Peninsula appeared thanks to the Greeks. Even in ancient times, researchers noted that in the territory of modern Greece once lived people who did not speak the Indo-European language, which is approximately 2500 BC. The era of 2500-1600 BC is associated with the Hittites, later the Greeks settled on the territory of Hellas. According to some researchers, the most ancient inhabitants of the territory of Ancient Greece were the traki, whose language was later assimilated with the language of the hittites, and then the Greeks. In ancient scandinavian sources, there are relics of the language of tracts belonging to the Western branch of the proturks, which is confirmed by the praturkian vocabulary and onomastics. The Greek-Turkic language substrata and units imprinted in ancient Greek confirm the presence of Turkic loanwords, which have not lost their relevance in modern language contacts between Turkish and Greek.
2
Dimitrova, Desislava, and Krasimir Kabakčiev. "Compositional and Verbal Aspect in Greek: The Aorist Imperfect Distinction and the Article-Aspect Interplay." ATHENS JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY 8, no. 3 (July 30, 2021): 181–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajp.8-3-2.
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According to an aspectological model proposed by Kabakčiev in 1984, later developed and sophisticated, languages differ according to whether they mark aspect (perfectivity and imperfectivity) on verbs, as in the Slavic languages – among others, or through nouns/NPs featuring (non-)boundedness which is transferred onto verbs, as in the Germanic languages – among others. In this model of compositional aspect (CA), Bulgarian is a borderline case with a perfective-imperfective and an aorist-imperfect distinction and a definite article only (no indefinite), and the model is used to analyze Greek, a language exhibiting identical features. NP referents play a major role for the compositional explication of aspect. The study finds that Greek is of the same borderline/hybrid type of language as Bulgarian, featuring verbal aspect (VA) predominantly, but also peripherally CA. The aorist/imperfect distinction exists both in Greek and Bulgarian to offset the structural impact of the definite article. Analyzed are some conditions for the explication of CA in Greek and they are found similar to those in Bulgarian. However, there are specificites and differences between the two languages that must be further studied and identified. Keywords: verbal aspect, compositional aspect, definite article, article-aspect interplay, aorist-imperfect contrast
3
Frangoudaki, Anna. "Diglossia and the present language situation in Greece: A sociological approach to the interpretation of diglossia and some hypotheses on today's linguistic reality." Language in Society 21, no. 3 (September 1992): 365–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500015487.
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ABSTRACTIn the first part of the article, an approach to Greek diglossia is proposed, focusing on the differing social functions of the two coexisting Greek languages. The adoption of “pure” Greek in the early 19th century represented a compromise, which made possible the rejection of Ancient Greek as the official language of the new state. The language question that developed at the turn of the century represented an effort to modernize Greek culture in the context of economic and social change brought about by the rise of the bourgeoisie. Starting in the interwar period and increasingly after the civil war, “pure” Greek became associated exclusively with authoritarian politics. The language reform of 1976, which formally abolished diglossia, thus came at the end of a long process of devaluation of the official “pure” language. Yet, in recent years, a metalinguistic prophecy of language decline has received widespread acceptance. The second half of the article examines the reasons for its success and the resulting revival of the argumentation questioning Demotic Greek, and concludes that they should be attributed to a crisis of national identity. (Diglossia, language ideology, language planning, Greek)
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Tardivo, G. "Labialization in Ægean and Nakh-Daghestanian Languages." Язык и текст 7, no. 1 (2020): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2020070111.
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This article consists of three parts: 1. the Substratum of the Greek language; 2. Synchronous studies of the vocabulary of the Nakh-Dagestani languages; 3. Diachrony. It is well known that languages of the same group or even of the same family undergo a fixed process of sound changes. The Greek written form of substratum words has preserved its original sound; or, in any case, it shows its final stage of development, caused by joint articulation and monophthonging. There is no reason to claim a "bad vocal system" for these languages. However, there are serious reasons to believe that the words of the pre-Greek substratum preserved in modern Greek, and some native words of the Nakh-Dagestan subgroup of the Iberian-Caucasian languages may have a common history or go back to the same form. For example, the Lak language shows the same situation as pre-Greek, as I. Tsertsvadze writes in the article " On the question of vowels e and o in Lak.
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Alexiadou, Artemis, Vasiliki Rizou, and Foteini Karkaletsou. "A Plural Indefinite Article in Heritage Greek: The Role of Register." Languages 7, no. 2 (May 9, 2022): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020115.
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This paper investigates the use of kati “some” by Greek Heritage Speakers (HSs) in comparison to monolinguals. While all Greek determiners are marked for gender, case, and number, and agree with their nominal complement, kati is an exception, as it lacks agreement and combines only with plural nouns. Building on the existing literature, we show that its function is to remain vague about the number of individuals/entities denoted. Our hypothesis is that vague language (VL) is a feature of informal conversations and of the spoken language. To this end, we conducted a study in which Heritage Speakers of Greek and monolingual speakers of Greek participated in a production task held in two distinct settings and modalities. In addition, we performed corpus searches to see how both monolingual and Heritage Speakers use kati. The results show that monolingual speakers do indeed prefer kati in the informal register, while Heritage Speakers overgeneralize its use across registers. Our findings confirm the use of vague language in informal registers and oral modality and support claims in the literature on register levelling by Heritage Speakers. Focusing on monolinguals’ repertoire, a judgment task with different levels of formality was additionally performed. These results in principle align with our hypothesis and signal that neither frequency nor other informality contexts trigger a higher rate for kati.
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Tsiakmakis, Evripidis, Joan Borràs-Comes, and M. Teresa Espinal. "Greek polydefinites revisited." Journal of Greek Linguistics 21, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 151–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15699846-02101001.
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Abstract This article focuses on the interpretation of the adjectives that appear in Greek polydefinite DP s. It provides empirical support to the established position that restrictive modifiers are preferred in polydefinite environments (Kolliakou 1995). At the same time, it shows that non-restrictively modified polydefinites are not excluded by grammar (Manolessou 2000). To reconcile the facts, a novel syntactic analysis of polydefiniteness as involving modification by either restrictive or non-restrictive reduced relative clauses is formulated. We extend Alexopoulou’s (2006) analysis of resumption in full relatives to polydefinites and defend that what looks like a preadjectival definite article is a resumptive clitic pronoun that values the unvalued definiteness feature of a null relative complementizer. We further defend that, while the prenominal definite article is interpreted as d-linked, the resumptive clitic is a dependent expression that is interpreted as a referentially bound anaphora.
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Dhont, Marieke. "Greek education and cultural identity in Greek-speaking Judaism: The Jewish-Greek historiographers." Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha 29, no. 4 (June 2020): 217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0951820720936601.
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The style of the Jewish-Greek historiographers Eupolemus and Demetrius has often been evaluated as “bad Greek.” This is generally seen as evidence of their lack of education. The negative views on the language of Demetrius and Eupolemus are illustrative of a broader issue in the study of Hellenistic Judaism: language usage has been a key element in the discussion on the societal position of Jews in the Hellenistic world. In this article, I assess the style of the historiographers in the context of post-classical Greek, and conclude that their language reflects standard Hellenistic Greek. The linguistic analysis then becomes a starting point to reflect on the level of integration of Jews in the Greek-speaking world as well as to consider the nature of Jewish multilingualism in the late Second Temple period.
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Oikonomidis, Agapios. "The impact of English in Greece." English Today 19, no. 2 (April 2003): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078403002104.
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This article provides an illustrated account of the extent to which elements of the English language have become commonplace in Greek, particularly in magazine and other texts, and particularly where Greek has long had a powerful influence on English and other Western European languages, especially in adding to their academic, medical, and technological lexicon. English now appears to be paying Greek back in kind and in full – across a wide range of registers. The illustrative material that accompanies the article helps demonstrate the extent to which present-day Greek has absorbed lexical material from English.
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M, Malar. "Old Scriptural Monuments of Dravidam." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-5 (August 25, 2022): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt22s532.
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In terms of language history, the Tamil literature in power today takes us to the second (a) third century AD, but the Dravidian words given by the Greek authors take us beyond the pre-Christian era. The oldest monuments of the Dravidian language are the vocabularies given by the Greek authors. The Dravidian languages have been excellent for two thousand years without any deterioration. All the words mentioned in this article must have been used in ancient times. Language is divided. After the arrival of the Aryans at the time when the Dravidian people started to live there, various languages were mixed in the Aryan period which is their common possession today. This article makes it clear that all the words are there.
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Karatsareas, Petros. "Understanding diachronic change in Cappadocian Greek." Journal of Historical Linguistics 3, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 192–229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jhl.3.2.02kar.
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This article challenges the widely held view that a series of pervasive diachronic innovations in Cappadocian Greek owe their development to language contact with Turkish. Placing particular emphasis on its genealogical relationships with the other dialects of Asia Minor, the claim is that language change in Cappadocian is best understood when considered within a larger dialectological context. Examining the limited use of the definite article as a case in point and in comparison with parallel developments attested in Pontic and Silliot Greek, it is shown in detail that the surface similarity of the outcomes of Cappadocian innovations to their Turkish structural equivalents represents the final stages in long series of language-internal developments whose origins predate the intensification of Cappadocian–Turkish contact. The article thus offers an alternative to contact-oriented approaches and calls for a revision of accepted views on the language-internal and -external dynamics that shaped Cappadocian into its modern form.
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Sussex, Roland. "Review article of Chryssoula Lascaratou’s the language of pain." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 6.1–6.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2104/aral0906.
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Studies of the language we use to talk about pain – “pain language” – have hitherto been mainly confined to medical disciplines, and there has been little research in the literature in linguistics and applied linguistics. The appearance of a major new study on pain language, Chryssoula Lascaratou’s The language of pain, presents an opportunity for a review of the book in the context of an overview of this highly complex inter-disciplinary field. The quantitative, word-based MsGill Pain Questionnaire is summarized as a diagnostic instrument from the point of view of language, and compared to Lascaratou’s corpus-based investigation of the use of pain language in Modern Greek conversations between doctors and patients. The focus of this research is on the lexicogrammatical structuring of pain language, and the representation of pain in terms of cognitive metaphors.
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Novikova, Tatiana. "Etymological dictionaries about the sources of church Slavonic vocabulary." Current issues of social sciences and history of medicine 29, no. 1 (February 25, 2021): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.1.2021.238.
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The article analyses the Church Slavonic vocabulary, which in the Ukrainian language, according to etymological dictionaries, were gone in different ways: 1) directly from the Church Slavonic language or through the literary language of the period of Kievan Rus; 2) from the Church Slavonic language through other languages: Russian, Czech or Slovak; 3) from the Church Slavonic language by the method of tracing; 4) from other languages through Church Slavonic mediation: from Ancient Greek, from Middle Greek, from Modern Greek, from Latin, from Turkic, from Hebrew, from German. The relevance of the article is determined by the need of a comprehensive analysis of Church Slavonic, which is an organic component of the Ukrainian language. The urgency of this issue in modern Ukrainian linguistics is due not only to its insufficient coverage and a certain fragmentation of the results, but also to the fact that in addition to linguistic and historical and cultural aspects, it has a certain rehabilitation orientation. The following scientific methods were used in the study: descriptive, comparative, statistical. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the linguistic and extralinguistic factors of the appearance of Church Slavonic borrowings in the modern Ukrainian language, the main ways of entry of Church Slavonic into the Ukrainian language are systematically described. The results of the work show that discussions on the emergence of Church Slavonic in the Ukrainian language continue among industry experts and linguists.
13
Ranasinghe, Tharindu, and Marcos Zampieri. "Multilingual Offensive Language Identification for Low-resource Languages." ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3457610.
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Offensive content is pervasive in social media and a reason for concern to companies and government organizations. Several studies have been recently published investigating methods to detect the various forms of such content (e.g., hate speech, cyberbullying, and cyberaggression). The clear majority of these studies deal with English partially because most annotated datasets available contain English data. In this article, we take advantage of available English datasets by applying cross-lingual contextual word embeddings and transfer learning to make predictions in low-resource languages. We project predictions on comparable data in Arabic, Bengali, Danish, Greek, Hindi, Spanish, and Turkish. We report results of 0.8415 F1 macro for Bengali in TRAC-2 shared task [23], 0.8532 F1 macro for Danish and 0.8701 F1 macro for Greek in OffensEval 2020 [58], 0.8568 F1 macro for Hindi in HASOC 2019 shared task [27], and 0.7513 F1 macro for Spanish in in SemEval-2019 Task 5 (HatEval) [7], showing that our approach compares favorably to the best systems submitted to recent shared tasks on these three languages. Additionally, we report competitive performance on Arabic and Turkish using the training and development sets of OffensEval 2020 shared task. The results for all languages confirm the robustness of cross-lingual contextual embeddings and transfer learning for this task.
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Labetska, Yuliia. "“THE BRIDGE OF ARTA” – A RUMEIC VERSION OF THE BALLAD OF THE WALLED-UP WIFE." Studia Linguistica, no. 18 (2021): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2021.18.83-97.
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The article deals with the analysis of two versions of a traditional ballad of the walled-up wife, widespread among the peoples of the Balkans and Asia Minor, recorded in the folklore of one of the national minorities of Ukraine – the Rumei Greeks. Linguistic analysis of text samples allows the author to trace the possible influences and cultural ties of the Azov Greeks with the metropolis. Structural-semantic and linguo-stylistic analysis of the Rumeic variants of the ballad demonstrated their pre-Azovian and pre-Crimean origins. One of the texts contains the motive, which is typical for the Pontic versions of the ballad. The language of both analyzed texts is dialectal, the Rumeika / Mariupol Greek, while it also has certain features of Demotic Greek, which can be explained not only by the archaic origin of the song, but also by the influence of Demotic Greek on Mariupol Greek already during the Azov period, when the policy of Hellenization of the Greek population of Ukraine was introduced in 1926-1938. It was concluded that the short period in the history of the Azov Greeks, when they gained access to the common Greek cultural tradition through the study of Demotic Greek and literature in it, had a certain influence on their language and folk poetry.
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Lavidas, Nikolaos, and Ianthi Maria Tsimpli. "Object Omission in Contact: Object Clitics and Definite Articles in the West Thracian Greek (Evros) Dialect." Journal of Language Contact 12, no. 1 (February 27, 2019): 141–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01201006.
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We examine spontaneous production data from the dialect of Modern West Thracian Greek (mwtg) (the local dialect of Evros) with regard to a hypothesis of syntactic borrowing of verbal transitivity. We argue that mwtg allows omission of the direct object with specific reference, in contrast to Standard Modern Greek (smg) and other Modern Greek (mg) dialects (spoken in Greece), but similar to Turkish. Object omission in mwtg is possible only in contexts where smg and other mg dialects show obligatory use of the 3rd-person clitic. We argue that syntactic borrowing in the case of language contact follows the transfer with second language learners: the relevant elements that host uninterpretable features are used optionally. Moreover, the definite article, in contrast to the indefinite article, is also affected by language contact. The 3rd-person clitic and the definite article are affected by contact as uninterpretable clusters of features. We claim that interpretability plays a significant role in transitivity in cases of language contact.
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Karoulla-Vrikki, Dimitra. "English or Greek language? State or ethnic identity?" Language Problems and Language Planning 25, no. 3 (December 31, 2001): 259–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.25.3.04kar.
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Language planning in the domain of the courts in Cyprus is of interest because of the concealed salience placed upon the link between language and either state or ethnic identity. The article first examines the dominant role of English in court from 1960 until 1988 as reflecting Cyprocentric state identity associations. It then investigates the establishment of the use of Greek after the enactment of Law N.67/1988 brought the reversal of the linguistic situation. The law, which aimed at putting into action the provisions on language of the 1960 Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus and at safeguarding the use and protection of Greek, derived from Hellenocentric tendencies and its ultimate purpose was to foster Greek ethnic identity rather than to enhance the identity of the state of Cyprus. The above observations are illustrated in the analysis of the legislation on language in the courts, the linguistic situation in the judicial proceedings, and the court verdicts/judgments pertaining to language use. Finally, the article draws parallels between Fishman’s ‘nationism’ and ‘nationalism’ and the Greek-Cypriots’ language selections and identity orientations.
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Donskikh, Oleg A. "The value of the national language of science (part no. 1)." Science management: theory and practice 2, no. 2 (2020): 189–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/smtp.2020.2.2.9.
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The article examines the history of the formation of several languages of science – Ancient Greek, Sanskrit, Arabic and Latin - relating to the material of four languages and corresponding cultures. Several considerations are given in favor of the need to preserve the national languages of science. The stages of formation of languages of science in the system of culture are traced. There are two types of languages that are used by scientific communities: 1) languages that are rooted in the national culture and remain firmly linked with the natural language community; 2) languages that are reserved for performing a certain function, while in parallel, national languages are fully functioning in society. The first type includes the Greek and Arabic, the scientific languages of the second type are Sanskrit and Latin. The key role of the humanitarian, in particular poetic, philological and philosophical culture for the formation of the language of science is shown. Based on the material of the Ancient Greek language, the stages of its development over several centuries are traced, which resulted in such linguistic tools that allowed not only to use abstract conceptual concepts, but also to organize the vocabulary hierarchically, and this as a result allowed to form any needed generic chains. The importance of the appearance of impersonal texts that comes with collections of written documents alienated from a particular teacher is emphasized.
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Höhn, Georg F. K. "Preposition Allomorphy in Calabrian Greek (Greko) and Standard Modern Greek and Its Theoretical Implications." Languages 7, no. 3 (July 4, 2022): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030169.
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The article argues that the alternation between the prepositions asce ‘from’ and an ‘from’ in the south Italian Greek variety Greko and a similar alternation between the preposition se ‘in, to, into’ and the allomorph s- found in both Greko and Standard Modern Greek represent instances of contextually conditioned allomorphy sensitive to a linearly adjacent definite article. Alternative approaches in terms of portmanteaux or making use of hyper-contextual rules for vocabulary insertion are shown to be unable to account for the data, supporting the need for allowing reference to linear adjacency relations in morphosyntactic theories of allomorphy.
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Pichakhchy, Olena. "TENDENCIES OF NEOLOGIZATION OF THE MODERN GREEK LANGUAGE." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 10(78) (February 27, 2020): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-133-136.
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The article is devoted to the study of current issues of neologization of Modern Greek language, the causes and areas of use of neologisms, trends in the development of neology and their impact on word formation in Modern Greek based on the material of leading Greek linguists. The focus of modern linguistic research on the study and analysis of modern trends in the evolution of Modern Greek in all its subsystems and elements is justified and emphasizes the urgency of this problem, which is due to constant changes in Modern Greek, which seeks to actively meet the challenges of modern society, therefore uses linguistic means to give names to new concepts or to outline new meanings of existing concepts. The study of patterns, problems and processes of rapid and productive development and, as a consequence, the renewal of the language, Modern Greek in particular, identified in the need to systematize and generalize the basic principles of enriching the lexical structure of Modern Greek with tools which, by meeting the needs of communication participants, help to overcome possible barriers in language. The essence of neology, its types, which determine the main directions of influence on the Modern Greek system, the scope of neologisms, which depends on extralinguistic factors determined by the latest trends in society, determine further prospects for studying the Modern Greek system exactly in the lexical aspect.
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Neofytou, Chrystalla, and Thanasis Hadzilacos. "A Tool for Assessing Text Suitability for Greek Language Teaching." Journal of Educational Computing Research 56, no. 7 (October 25, 2017): 1030–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0735633117731381.
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Viewing its use in language teaching mainly as a text corpus, this article examines the problem of the assessment of suitability of this material for use in the Greek language course in Cyprus schooling. The suitability of texts for use in language teaching is defined by four parameters, which are described in detail in this article: text readability, content, genre, and grammatical information. The literature review shows the research gap as to the ways of finding on the Web a suitable text for use in language teaching according to specific characteristics. The tool diaKeimenou, which is presented in this article, aims to fill this gap and help the teacher choose the most suitable texts for teaching with reasonable effort and time. The results of the usability evaluation of diaKeimenou are also presented in this article.
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Ruppel, Antonia. "On Language Teaching." Journal of Classics Teaching 19, no. 37 (2018): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2058631018000077.
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‘Anyone can teach Latin, while teaching Greek is hard’. ‘Introductory language courses are easier to teach than intermediate/text-based courses’. These are views that the author of this article has heard voiced in Classics departments on both sides of the Atlantic. They reflect underlying assumptions about language teaching that often have very practical effects on who is assigned what kinds of teaching, and how those instructors approach their task.
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Sussex, Roland. "Review of (2007)Review article of Chryssoula Lascaratou’s the language of pain." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 32, no. 1 (2009): 6.1–6.14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.32.1.04sus.
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Studies of the language we use to talk about pain – “pain language” – have hitherto been mainly confined to medical disciplines, and there has been little research in the literature in linguistics and applied linguistics. The appearance of a major new study on pain language, Chryssoula Lascaratou’sThe language of pain, presents an opportunity for a review of the book in the context of an overview of this highly complex inter-disciplinary field. The quantitative, word-based MsGill Pain Questionnaire is summarized as a diagnostic instrument from the point of view of language, and compared to Lascaratou’s corpus-based investigation of the use of pain language in Modern Greek conversations between doctors and patients. The focus of this research is on the lexicogrammatical structuring of pain language, and the representation of pain in terms of cognitive metaphors.
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Karatsareas, Petros. "Attitudes towards Cypriot Greek and Standard Modern Greek in London’s Greek Cypriot community." International Journal of Bilingualism 22, no. 4 (March 27, 2018): 412–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918762158.
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Aim: To investigate whether the positive attitudes towards Standard Modern Greek and the mixture of positive and negative attitudes towards Cypriot Greek that have been documented in Cyprus are also present in London’s Greek Cypriot community. Approach: Unlike previous quantitative works, the study reported in this article was qualitative and aimed at capturing the ways in which attitudes and attitude-driven practices are experienced by members of London’s diasporic community. Data and analysis: Data were collected by means of semi-structured, sociolinguistic interviews with 28 members of the community. All participants were second-generation heritage speakers, successive bilinguals in Cypriot Greek and English and successive bidialectal speakers in Cypriot Greek and Standard Modern Greek. The data were analysed qualitatively (thematic analysis). Findings: Positive perceptions of Standard Modern Greek and mixed perceptions, both positive and negative, of Cypriot Greek are found in the context of London. As in Cyprus, Standard Modern Greek is perceived as a prestigious, proper and ‘correct’ variety of Greek. Cypriot Greek, in contrast, is described as a ‘villagey’, heavy and even broken variety. Greek complementary schools play a key role in engendering these attitudes. Unlike in Cyprus, in the London community, the use of Cypriot Greek is also discouraged in informal settings such as the home. Originality: Papapavlou and Pavlou contended that ‘there are no signs of negative attitudes towards Cypriot Greek [in the UK]’ (2001, The interplay of language use and language maintenance and the cultural identity of Greek Cypriots in the UK. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 11, 104). This research shows their claim to be false. Significance/implications: Negative attitudes towards Cypriot Greek lead to a community-wide preference for the use of Standard Modern Greek in communication with other members of the Greek Cypriot community, which poses a great threat to the intergenerational transmission and maintenance of Cypriot Greek as a heritage language in London.
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Gamallo, Pablo, José Ramom Pichel, and Iñaki Alegria. "Measuring Language Distance of Isolated European Languages." Information 11, no. 4 (March 27, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11040181.
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Phylogenetics is a sub-field of historical linguistics whose aim is to classify a group of languages by considering their distances within a rooted tree that stands for their historical evolution. A few European languages do not belong to the Indo-European family or are otherwise isolated in the European rooted tree. Although it is not possible to establish phylogenetic links using basic strategies, it is possible to calculate the distances between these isolated languages and the rest using simple corpus-based techniques and natural language processing methods. The objective of this article is to select some isolated languages and measure the distance between them and from the other European languages, so as to shed light on the linguistic distances and proximities of these controversial languages without considering phylogenetic issues. The experiments were carried out with 40 European languages including six languages that are isolated in their corresponding families: Albanian, Armenian, Basque, Georgian, Greek, and Hungarian.
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ALEXIADOU, ARTEMIS. "Proper name compounds: a comparative perspective." English Language and Linguistics 23, no. 4 (October 15, 2019): 855–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674319000236.
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The article discusses compound formation involving proper names from a comparative perspective. While proper names can appear within compounds in English, this is not possible in Greek. The article argues that this follows from a basic difference between English and Greek: English, but not Greek, allows phrases as non-heads of right-headed compounds. As proper names in English are referential in the absence of a determiner, due to the process of D-N merger, they can still be recognized as such within compounds. This is not possible in Greek, where proper names require the presence of a determiner to establish reference.
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Abraeva, Shakhnoza Esonovna. "Linguistic Features Of Latin And Greek Synonymous Morphemes In The Lexical System Of The French Language (Based On Medical Texts)." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 03, no. 05 (May 30, 2021): 172–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue05-33.
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This article discusses the use of medical terminology, which includes Latin and Greek terms and morphemes. Because Latin and Greek terms are becoming a major part of medical terminology. The article also states that the main function of medical terms is to express a scientific concept in one sense. Latin-Greek morphemes play an important role in the formation of medical lexicon. In addition to the most common methods of term formation, there are also some methods, the results of which are abbreviations, homonyms, synonyms, eponyms, and so on. To understand the meaning of these medical terms, we are required to become familiar with their morphology.
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Shukurov, Rustam. "Oriental borrowings in Medieval Greek: new evidence from the BnF manuscript Supplément persan 939." Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 39, no. 2 (2015): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307013100015354.
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This article deals with a quadrilingual lexicon from a unique manuscript in the Bibliothéque Nationale in Paris, which was compiled in 1439 and contains abundant material on Medieval Greek vocabulary and phraseology. The article analyses Oriental loan-words in the Greek part of the lexicon as evidence of Oriental influences on the Greek language during the late Byzantine period.
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Romanou, Aikaterini. "Eastern naturalness versus western artificiality: Rimsky Korsakov's influence on Manoles Kalomoires' early operas." Muzikologija, no. 5 (2005): 101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz0505101r.
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In this article the writer investigates the relations between perceptions of the East and the West in nineteenth century Greece, their connection to national identity, to the language question and to political tendencies. The composer Manoles Kalomoires was influenced by a group of progressive intellectuals striving to liberate Greek literature and language from its dependence on Ancient Greek legacy, a dependence motivated by Western idealists (who saw in the Greek Revolution of 1821 a renaissance of Ancient Greece). Most were educated in the West, but promoted an oriental image of Greeks. Kalomoires' musical expression of this image was inspired by Rimsky-Korsakov's Sheherazade and the Golden Cockerel. In 1909-910 he wrote an unfinished opera, Mavrianos and the King, on the model of the Golden Cockerel. He later used this music in his best known opera, The Mother's Ring (1917). In the present article the similarities in the three works are for the first time shown. An essential influence from Rimsky-Korsakov's work is the contrast between the world of freedom, nature and fantasy and that of oppression.
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Bogdanov, Andrey Petrovich. "“Philhellenes” and “Latinists” in the XVII century: texts in the context." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 4 (April 2021): 1–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.4.32317.
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This article is dedicated to the disputes on the enlightenment of Russia in the early 1680s. They emerged and continued due to the idea of Tsar Fyodor Alekseevich to open an Academy in Moscow: an autonomous university from the state and church authorities for preparing secular and religious personnel, which would teach in Polish, Greek, Latin and Russian languages. The article examines the positions of Russian and Greek Philhellenes. Some of them insisted on studying solely Greek language for preventing the distribution of knowledge in Latin and other languages. Others proved the advantage of Greek language in the educational system in all languages of science of that time. The author notes that the initiator of the Academy Sylvester Medvedev, who was later declared a “Latinist heretic”, took the second approach as the basis. The article refutes the modern attempts to change the perspective on dating, content and meaning of the primary sources, beginning with the Privilege of the Academy. The author substantiates that the Privilege was not a figment of Medvedev's imagination, but a Charter approved by the Tsar, which established the basic principles of the new university, namely the functions of faith protection were delegated by the tsar to the academic council. The implementation of measures against heresies, sorcery, etc., which were sternly formulated in the legislation, since now on required the scholars’ examination. The objections of colleagues to the “harshness” of these measures, allegedly invented by Medvedev, were associated with legal ignorance. A substantial part of the article is aimed at familiarization of the colleagues with the legal, political, cultural and literary context, which contributes to the analysis of the sources.
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Parodi, Teresa, and Ianthi-Maria Tsimpli. "‘Real’ and apparent optionality in second language grammars: finiteness and pronouns in null operator structures." Second Language Research 21, no. 3 (July 2005): 250–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267658305sr248oa.
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The existence of optionality in acquisitional data presents a problem to the view that developing grammars do not include more than one grammatical system at any stage. In this article data from Greek and Spanish, on the one hand, and English, on the other, constitute the background for the discussion of the existence of ‘true’ optionality in second language (L2) grammars and its potential persistence at advanced proficiency levels. We also discuss the relation between optionality and finiteness features in L2 grammars as well as how morphology interacts with the development of null operator structures (NOS). Specifically the article deals with the use of pronouns or empty categories in NOS and their relation to finiteness. We discuss the role of clitics in adult second language acquisition when the first language (L1) and the L2 differ in the choices of the pronominal system and in their choice for a gap or clitic pronoun in NOS. The subjects studied are speakers of Greek and of Spanish, languages with clitics, learning English, a language without clitics, as well as speakers of English learning Greek or Spanish. The data collected support the claim that optionality is found in developing grammars but not randomly. First, there is a difference in the degree and nature of optionality found developmentally in advanced as opposed to intermediate learners; secondly, the degree of optionality depends on the morphological richness characterizing L1 and L2 in relation to the phenomena studied. Thus, English learners of Spanish or Greek show more optionality in the use of clitic pronouns and less evidence for a correlation between finiteness and clitics in NOS. On the other hand, Spanish/Greek learners of English show constrained optionality in the use of empty categories or pronouns in NOS.
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Kiesling, Scott F. "Variation, stance and style." English World-Wide 26, no. 1 (March 11, 2005): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.26.1.02kie.
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One of the most cited features of the supposed migrant “ethnolect” in Australian English is the pronunciation of word-final -er. This article presents data from sociolinguistic interviews that support the view that there is a pronunciation difference between Anglo and non-Anglo speakers in Sydney, and that this difference is most pronounced in Greek and, to a lesser extent, Lebanese speakers. The variant the Greek and Lebanese speakers tend to use more than the Anglo speakers is backed and lengthened, and commonly used in words with final High Rising Tone (HRT). There is some evidence that Greeks are leading a change to a more backed variant. I show that length, backing, and HRT make up a style of speaking that I call “new (er)”. This style is indexical of being Greek for some, but more basically creates a stance of authoritative connection. These findings are significant for understanding the spread of new linguistic features, and how the meanings of some linguistic variables contribute to linguistic change.
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Montanay, E. A. "History of the development ofdictionaries and dictionaries ofthe Turkic language." Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 134, no. 1 (2021): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2021-134-1-122-129.
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The article provides a comprehensive scientific and theoretical study of the types of dictionaries and their use from the earliest times of the Turkic languages to the present day. After the adoption of Islam, Arabic and Persian became one of the most important languages. Later, with the development of science in the West, the use of Latin and Greek languages became a trend. The article describes the internal structure and features of dictionaries used in the Ottoman era and the Turkic world. It also explains the importance of dictionaries in the Chagatai language. Dictionaries ensure thepreservation ofthe country as a nation, the steady transfer ofthe spiritualriches of people to the future.The author considers that grammar books and dictionaries are two important factors that preserve the grammatical rules and system of the language. The dictionaries of a particular language are valuable historical monuments as a study of the nature of the language of that time, as evidence ofthe level ofdevelopment ofdoctrines, andauxiliarydata showing the activevocabulary ofthattime
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Stefanchikov, Igor Vyacheslavovich. "Comparisons with Greek as a Tool for Asserting the Prestige of the Castilian Language in Golden Age Spain." Litera, no. 10 (October 2022): 17–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.10.39009.
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The article addresses the subject of the use of Greek in the apologiae for Castilian (Spanish) language, drawing upon the key Spanish scientific treatises, and literary texts of the Spanish Golden Age (end of the 15th — first half of the 17th centuries), which mention Greek in an attempt to assert the prestige of Castilian. Particular attention is paid to the judgments about Greek and native languages expressed in the works of A. de Nebrija, J. de Valdés, C. de Villalón, F. de Medina, A. de Morales, F. de Quevedo, G. Correas and other writers and thinkers. Most studies in the field have always been primarily focused on the comparisons of Romance languages with their “mother”, Latin, while the use of Greek in the apologiae for Castilian has been a less frequent topic of study. The author comes to a conclusion that Greek invariably acts as the highest reference point for the Spanish grammarians, philologists and thinkers (and as an arbitrator or, sometimes, an "ally" of Castilian), while the attitudes towards Latin evolve over the course of the 15th–17th centuries.
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Goldhill, Simon. "The Ends of Tragedy: Schelling, Hegel, and Oedipus." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 129, no. 4 (October 2014): 634–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2014.129.4.634.
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This article compares and contrasts how the texts of Greek tragedy thematize ending and how German idealism, especially Hegel and Schelling, constructed a theory of ending in relation to Greek tragedy. In particular, through Hegel's and Schelling's paradigmatic readings of Oedipus, the article demonstrates a deep-seated commitment to a Protestant Christian teleology that continues, unrecognized, to influence modern readings of Greek tragedy.
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Verbytskyi, Volodymyr. "HIS BEATITUDE LUBOMYR HUSAR ABOUT THE UNITY OF THE CHURCH, STATE AND THE DIASPORA." Sophia. Human and Religious Studies Bulletin 13, no. 1 (2019): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/sophia.2019.13.1.
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The article considers a very important factor of His Beatitude Lubomyr Husar (Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church), who actively supported together with his followers, the most positive tendencies towards the development and pacification of Ukraine. The main idea of the article is to analyze, through the prism of the historical processes of creation and existence of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, the work of His Beatitude Lyubomyr Guzar, as well as the influence of the phenomenon of the international activities of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church on and its cooperation with the state in various fields. culture, language and national traditions, as well as in the structure of the state and the foreign policy of Ukraine. In addition, the article discusses the great contribution of His Beatitude Lubomyr Husar, as the head of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church to the development and support of the Ukrainian diaspora abroad, which further contributed to the formation of numerous public associations of foreign Ukrainian in the world's states and linguistic, educational and cultural needs. The activity of public organizations of foreign Ukrainian is aimed at preserving its identity, language, culture and traditions. These activities are also implemented in joint projects of foreign diplomatic institutions of Ukraine and public organizations of foreign Ukrainian, directed, in particular, to scientific and educational projects, issuing periodicals with organizations, preparing and broadcasting television and radio programs, supporting Internet resources, publishing publications on Ukrainian topics. In mass media abroad, improvement of burial places (places of memory) of outstanding Ukrainian graves abroad, organization of children's lags her with the purpose of their acquaintance with the traditions of the Ukrainian language, literature, history of Ukraine, providing educational institutions with the study of the Ukrainian language and cultural centers of print, photo, audio, video production, objects of national symbols, publishing scientific, journalistic, artistic works and collections for communities of foreign Ukrainian, as well as works of foreign Ukrainian, translation of works of Ukrainian literature in foreign languages, popularization of the Ukrainian language, literature ry, culture, history and traditions of the Ukrainian people, including the teaching of the Ukrainian language, as well as other items in the Ukrainian language, fabrication and installation of plaques, dedicated to outstanding figures of Ukrainian history, science and culture and historical events.
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Roi, Ezra la. "Habitual auxiliaries in Ancient Greek." Indogermanische Forschungen 125, no. 1 (November 1, 2020): 135–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/if-2020-008.
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AbstractThis article discusses the grammaticalization of the habitual auxiliaries εἴωθα, φιλέω, ἐθέλω and νομίζω in Archaic and Classical Greek. I aim to (1) provide a more complete understanding of the Ancient Greek expressions of habituality; (2) distinguish clearly between habitual aspect and (possibly diachronically) related semantic categories such as iterativity and genericity; (3) demonstrate the usefulness of grammaticalization and collocation criteria to measure the relative degree of grammaticalization of the habitual auxiliaries. I argue that their degree of grammaticalization can be measured by whether they have developed past uses, undergone a diachronic collocation shift to inanimate subjects and, subsequently, stative infinitives, and whether they have acquired an anti-present implicature. Finally, I suggest that habitual ἐθέλω occurred already in Archaic Greek and was the source for the futurity use that it developed in Classical Greek.
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Szederkényi, Éva. "(Re)sources for Intercultural Dialogue between Hungary and Greece." Res Gestae 11 (December 4, 2020): 68–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24917/24504475.11.4.
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This article addresses the concept of preserving cultural heritage by looking at the flourishing historical and cultural links between Hungary and Byzantium and at their modern manifestations. Since the 1980s and 1990s both Hungary and Greece have organised intensive language and cultural education courses for foreign nationals and those with Hungarian and Greek ancestry to promote intercultural dialogue. In addition to discussing the historical bonds that date back millennia, this article also outlines the sources and resources used to maintain Hungarian and Greek cultural characteristics. It demonstrates some of the best practices of Greek language and culture programmes offered, which serve the notion of the continued survival and flourishment of European cultural heritage.
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Moran, Jerome. "Is That A Fact? Language And Fact In Greek And Latin Constructions." Journal of Classics Teaching 18, no. 36 (2017): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2058631017000186.
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It is true that Greek and Latin writers use the indicative to assert a fact. This is not to say that what Greek and Latin writers assert by means of the indicative is a fact. This distinction is central to this article. There is widespread (in many grammar and course books) misunderstanding (or at least misleading explanation) of the information conveyed by the forms of certain Greek and Latin constructions. The misunderstanding seems to be the result of a failure to distinguish between a fact and the writer's attitude to a fact; between what is the case and what the writer says or implies is the case; between what can and cannot be deduced about what the writer knows and does not know about the facts in question from the way in which the writer expresses himself. The misunderstanding affects more constructions in Latin than in Greek. I shall begin with the Greek constructions.
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Mäkilähde, Aleksi. "Language choice, language alternation and code-switching in the Mercator-Hondius Atlas." Approaching Religion 6, no. 1 (May 10, 2016): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.30664/ar.67581.
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The atlas of Gerardus Mercator (Gerard de Cremer), or the Atlas sive cosmographicae meditationes de fabrica mundi et fabricati figura, is one of first modern atlases and one of the most famous of those compiled in the Netherlands. The first (unfinished) edition was published in 1595, but the copperplates were later acquired by Jodocus Hondius (Joost de Hondt) and his business associates. The revised Mercator-Hondius Atlas was published for the first time in 1606 with added maps and texts. The texts printed on verso of the maps were written by Petrus Montanus (Pieter van den Berg), who was a brother-in-law of Hondius and a Latin teacher. Many subsequent editions of the atlas were produced in the years that followed. The first editions were in Latin, but versions in European vernaculars such as French, German and Italian were produced later as well. The present article focuses on the multilingual nature of the Mercator-Hondius Atlas (1613, editio quarta) by discussing language choice, language alternation and code-switching patterns in different parts of the atlas. The dominant language of the descriptive texts is Latin, but there are also switches into many other languages, including Greek (written in Greek script) and several vernaculars. Furthermore, the map pages tend to indicate the names of different types of area (e.g. cities, seas, and oceans) in different languages. The aim of the present article is to provide a preliminary exploration of the possibilities of approaching the atlas with the aid of concepts and ideas derived from modern code-switching studies. I demonstrate how these concepts can be used to describe the language choice patterns in the text and discuss some of the challenges the data poses for a linguistic approach.
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Sidiropoulou, Maria. "Headlining in Translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 7, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 285–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.7.2.06sid.
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Abstract A hundred translated article headlines appearing in the Greek press are contrasted to their originals in the English press. The cognitive, cultural and social constraints on headline formation observed relate to a higher degree of directness associated with the Greek version of the corpus, on the one hand, and differences with respect to 'thematic ' preferences, on the other. The quantity and quality of information to be included in the schematic category Headline, in Greek, differs: the quantity of information relates to the genre the article belongs to and the difference in quality is a result of a different 'macro-rule' application.
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Mosenkis, Iurii. "“Uninterpretable” cretan alphabetical inscriptions: “eteocretan” as phrygian?" Ukrainian Linguistics, no. 50 (2020): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/um/50(2020).31-41.
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The article is devoted to an old problem of several “Eteocretan” (i.e. “true Cretan”) inscriptions in Greek alphabet, found in Classical Crete (dated to c. 6–4 c. BC), but not interpreted in Greek until the present time. Despite several hypotheses, the problem remains unsolved. However, this enigma is very important to reconstruct the ethno-linguistic map of ancient Crete as the craddle of Minoan civilization and the oldest interpretable scripts in Europe (Cretan hieroglyphs and Linear A). According to a commonly accepted view, the “Eteocretan” inscriptions can be a rest of “Pre-Greek” languages of the island – despite the “Eteocretan” and the Linear A inscriptions demonstrate no common linguistic features. The present author proposes an interpretation of the “Eteocretan” language as Phrygian. The latter was a close relative to Ancient Greek, splitted from it c. 4000 BC. This hypothesis correlates with another idea of the same author – of the presence of some Phrygian phonetic features in the language of Cretan hieroglyphs. Some “satem” elements of Phrygian, Cretan hieroglyphs, and Eteocretan (the name of Praisos as possible homonym of the “satem” Indo-European name of pig) make a system. Summarizing, Eteocretan looks like Phrygian, more or less Graecianized. In some inscriptions, loaned lexical elements are Greek whereas basic lexical and grammatical elements are Phrygian. In such way, a conundrum of “Greek vs non-Greek” Eteocretan inscriptions can be solved.
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Litevkienė, Nijolė. "Anatomical Terms in Jurgis Žilinskas’ Short Textbook of Osteology and Syndesmology." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 25 (November 23, 2021): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2021.25.315.
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Medical terminology has an extensive and rich history in Latin and Greek languages. When Romans conquered Greece, the knowledge and language of both cultures merged, resulting in new medical concepts regarding disease treatment and containment. Medical records were chronicled by hand, creating medical terms and books. Although medical terms have been drawn from many languages, a large majority originate from Greek and Latin. Terms of Greek origin occur mainly in clinical terminology, while Latin terms make up the majority of anatomical terminology. Another reason for a large number of Greek medical terms is that the Greek language is quite suitable for building compound words. The article discusses the current state of anatomical terminology in Lithuania. The history of the Lithuanian nomenclature of anatomy dates back several centuries, during which the most frequently used Lithuanian anatomical terms were gradually developed. Every time, writing and publishing textbooks, methodological aids, and other anatomy books in the Lithuanian language, the authors interpreted various Latin anatomy terms in their own way and introduced new equivalents in the Lithuanian language. However, they often did not agree on the translation of various Latin terms into Lithuanian and their application to define various structures. The development and perfection of medical terminology is a long process. The most significant contribution in regulating Lithuanian anatomical terminology was made by Jurgis Žilinskas. The terms that we currently use can be found in his textbooks “Osteologija ir syndesmologija” (“Osteology and syndesmology”) (1932) and “Splanchnologija” (“Splanchnology”) (1934) (Litevkiene, Korosteliova 2012, 208). He initiated term regulation in his first textbook, “Lectures of Neurology” (1923), containing only Latin terms, well-formed according to Baseler’s nomenclature. The nomenclature of anatomy compiled by him was applied in other anatomy textbooks and the Dictionary of Medical Terms.
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Grossman, Eitan. "Did Greek Influence the Coptic Preference for Prefixing? A Quantitative-Typological Perspective." Journal of Language Contact 11, no. 1 (January 18, 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01101001.
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The present article takes a quantitative approach to investigating contact-induced change, using typological parameters established for the purposes of cross-linguistic comparison. Specifically, it examines the likelihood that a socio-politically dominant language, Greek (Indo-European), influenced the morphological structure of a socio-politically subordinate indigenous language, Coptic (Afroasiatic). Based on the high prefixing score of Coptic and the much lower prefixing score of Greek, it is concluded that it is highly unlikely that Greek had any significant or direct influence on the strong prefixing preference of Coptic.
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Vititnev, S. F., and A. V. Shmeleva. "The Language of Political Science in Ancient Greece." Язык и текст 6, no. 4 (2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2019060402.
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The article examines the main concepts and categories as a tool for scientific analysis of political processes and phenomena, state institutions in the works of Plato and Aristotle. The authors consider the theoretical and methodological approaches of ancient Greek philosophers to the study of a number of state and political phenomena.
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Ralli, Angela, and Andreas Rouvalis. "Μorphological Integration of Loan Words in Kaliardá." Languages 7, no. 3 (July 1, 2022): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030167.
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This article deals with lexical borrowing and the morphological integration of loan words in Kaliardá, a Greek-based antilanguage, spoken in the urban areas of Greece by socially marginalized communities of cross-dressers, transgender people, and gay men. It is shown that the accommodation of most loans follows the general rules of Modern Greek morphology, namely, the stem-based word formation and compulsory inflection. However, for a considerable part of the borrowed items, there are certain morphological deviances compared to loan formation in Greek. More particularly, there is an overuse of the feminine grammatical gender, assigned to -human nouns, contrary to a neuterization tendency displayed by the Greek language, while the masculine grammatical gender is scarcely employed, and a significant number of feminine loans end in -o and -u in the citation form. Verbal loans do not substantially differ from those in Greek, with the exception of the frequent use of verbal periphrastic formations, consisting of an auxiliary inflected verb type, avélo or vuélo (both loans themselves), and a nominal item. Sometimes, avélo is also employed as a mediator for the integration of English verbs. The data under examination are drawn from a Kaliardá dictionary. Their accuracy is checked with 10 Kaliardá speakers in 2 big Greek cities, Athens and Patras, and they are enriched by a small oral corpus of 32 words collected through interviews. The investigated data comprise items from Italian, French and English, three principal donor languages in Kaliardá, but there are also loans from other languages, mainly from Romani and Turkish, but also from Albanian, German and Spanish.
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Tresorukova, I. V. "Τemporal irreality in phraseology of the мodern greek language." Philology at MGIMO 7, no. 2 (July 6, 2021): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2021-2-26-171-177.
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The paper deals with the semantic category of temporal irreality, based on the phraseological units (PUs) of the Modern Greek language. The phraseology as an anthropocentric linguistics sphere uses the phenomena of the surrounding world, including temporality, which are perceived through the prism of the national linguistic picture of the world. The linguistic model of perception and reproduction of unreality is expressed in grammatical and semantic categories. Structural PUs’ components form specific images of the linguistic picture of the world of the native speaker of the Modern Greek language, associated with extra-linguistic and linguistic factors. The author uses the continuous sampling method and analyzes various components related to different cultural codes. As a result the systematic nature of syntactic models of PUs reveals a certain typology of the methods of their formation. The article is intended for specialists in the field of studying and teaching the Greek language and can be used in comparative and typological studies of the Balkan studies.
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Porter, Stanley E., and Andrew W. Pitts. "New Testament Greek Language and Linguistics in Recent Research." Currents in Biblical Research 6, no. 2 (June 2008): 214–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476993x07083628.
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This article examines developments in research on the linguistic and grammatical analysis of the language and literature of the New Testament since the publication of James Barr's important work in 1961. While there have been a large number of important advances since this time, the present survey restricts its analysis to research that has been significantly informed by modern linguistics. It considers four areas, in particular: verb structure, case structure, syntax and discourse analysis. Verbal aspect theory has been treated in more detail than any other aspect of the Greek verb. Most investigation of case structure has been informed by case grammar, originating in Fillmore's work. Syntactic theories that have been applied to the language of the New Testament draw mostly from the generative tradition of linguistics, but the OpenText.org project has recently implemented a functional and relational dependency model. Discourse analysis has typically been divided into four schools, but in recent research we see a fifth, eclectic approach, emerging.
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Ermolaeva, Elena L. "The Greek “Epigram” by the Leichoudes Brothers to Peter I." Philologia Classica 16, no. 2 (2021): 308–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu20.2021.211.
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The article provides a transcription, translation, context, and commentary on two versions of a Greek “Epigram” to Peter the Great by the Leichoudes brothers, Ioannikios (1633–1717) and Sophronios (1653–1730), Greeks from Kephallenia who were outstanding religious writers and enlighteners. The poem called “An Epigram to our quietest and crowned by God Tsar Peter Alexeevich, autocrat of Moscow and all of Great, Small and White Rus” was preserved as an example of elegiac couplets in the manuscripts of their textbook “Poetics” (“Περὶ τῆς ποιητικῆς εἴτε μετρικῆς τέχνης”), which they composed for the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy — the first higher education establishment in Russia set up by the Leichoudes brothers in 1865 in Moscow. The textbook “Poetics” was written in ancient Greek without any Slavic translation. It was taught in the upper classes (suprema). In fact, it appears that this was a textbook on Greek versification. In 1855, the version of the “Epigram” kept in the manuscript of the Russian State Library in Moscow (F. 173 (MTA), № 331), dated to 1687, was published by Sergey Smirnov, but unfortunately this publication was not free from errors. The Greek version of the “Epigram” and its translation into Old Church Slavonic which had been kept in the manuscripts of the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine in Kiev (F. 306 (Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra) № 337), seems to have never been transcribed and published before. After having compared both versions, the author concludes that the Moscow version has a more elaborate rhetorical style. The “Epigram” was written on the occasion of Peter I’s first visit to the Greek-Slavic school of the Leichoudes brothers at the Epiphany monastery (1685–1687), the predecessor of the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy.
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Roberts, Alexandre. "Islamicate alchemy in Greek letters on the first page of Marcianus graecus 299." Byzantinische Zeitschrift 115, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 341–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bz-2022-0012.
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Abstract The famous middle Byzantine alchemical manuscript Marcianus graecus 299 contains annotations from the late Byzantine period, most prominently in its opening quire. This article examines a text on the very first page of the manuscript, a text written in a late Byzantine Greek script, but in a language other than Greek. A number of words in this undeciphered text can be correlated with Arabic technical vocabulary that would also have been used in other Islamicate languages such as Persian and Ottoman Turkish. Certain features such as accentuation on the final syllables of words make Turkish or Persian the most likely candidates.
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Kavčič, Jerneja. "The Representation of Modern Greek in Ancient Greek Textbooks." Journal for Foreign Languages 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/vestnik.12.75-93.
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Focusing on Agnello and Orlando (1998), Elliger and Fink (1986), Weileder and Mayerhöfer (2013), Mihevc-Gabrovec (1978) and Keller and Russell (2012), I discuss attempts at introducing elements of Modern Greek into teaching its ancient predecessor. My analysis, which is based on the etymologies of LKN (Λεξικό της Κοινής Νεοελληνικής), shows that approximately half of the words in the textbooks investigated in this study retain the same written forms and meanings in Modern Greek as in Ancient Greek; the term word in this analysis subsumes headwords introducing lexical entries. On the other hand, words with the same written forms and different meanings in Ancient and Modern Greek are significantly less frequent, accounting for 5 to 11% of all words in the textbooks. Furthermore, these textbooks contain between 12 and 16% of words that retain the same meaning in Ancient and Modern Greek, and also show significant formal change. As a result, their written forms are different in Ancient than in Modern Greek. It is also found, however, that at least some inflected forms of the words belonging to the latter class retain in the modern language the same written forms and meanings as in Ancient Greek. These data suggest that it is possible to introduce elements of Modern Greek into teaching its ancient predecessor without drawing attention to grammatical and semantic differences between Ancient and Modern Greek. Based on these data I also evaluate at the end of the article existing attempts at incorporating elements of Modern Greek into teaching the ancient language.