Academic literature on the topic 'Greek Dark Ages'

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Journal articles on the topic "Greek Dark Ages"

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Vidal-Cordasco, M., and A. Nuevo-López. "Resilience and vulnerability to climate change in the Greek Dark Ages." Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 61 (March 2021): 101239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2020.101239.

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SARIBAŞ, Serap. "EGYPTIAN WISDOM AND GREEK TRANSMISSION FROM The DARK AGES TO THE RENAISSANCE." International Journal of Social Humanities Sciences Research (JSHSR) 7, no. 56 (January 1, 2020): 2107–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26450/jshsr.1995.

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Kazlauskas, Raimondas. "The Genealogy of the Political. The Age of Heroes and the Revolt of Youth." Sociologija. Mintis ir veiksmas 44, no. 1 (December 20, 2019): 7–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/socmintvei.2019.1.8.

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The article discusses the genesis of the political by treating this phenomena as a distinctive interaction between political and religious factors. The aim is to carry out the reconstruction of the premises of the political of ancient Greeks, by distinguishing its particular historic development features, exclusively characteristic for the Ancient Greece context. The rites of passage of Greek social communities are analyzed in order to understand why its youth initiation structure, formed during the Greek Dark Ages, became the basic model for Western Civilisation. The role of youth groups, the phenomena of Greek heroes, the educational structure of the young soldier class (ephebeia), and the first ever political revolution, initiated by Lycurgus, are examined by reconstructing the genealogy of the political.
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Foxhall, Lin. "Bronze to iron: agricultural systems and political structures in late bronze age and early iron age Greece." Annual of the British School at Athens 90 (November 1995): 239–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540001618x.

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This paper surveys farming practices and their associated administrative structures in Mycenaean Greece, and outlines the kinds of changes which might have occurred in regional farming systems during the dark ages. It is postulated that the underlying subsistence basis of Greek agriculture remained substantially the same, although the structural position of élites in regional agrarian economies (as well as the constitution of élite groups) may have changed considerably. The type and degree of changes that occurred during the dark ages in any particular region seem to correlate with their earlier relationships to Mycenaean palace centres.
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Drake, Brandon L. "The influence of climatic change on the Late Bronze Age Collapse and the Greek Dark Ages." Journal of Archaeological Science 39, no. 6 (June 2012): 1862–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2012.01.029.

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Whitley, James. "Social Diversity in Dark Age Greece." Annual of the British School at Athens 86 (November 1991): 341–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400014994.

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This paper attempts to provide new insights into the nature of Greek society in the Dark Ages (1100–700 B.C.). It re-examines the relationship between the archaeological evidence and the institutions and practices described in the Homeric poems. The archaeological evidence indicates that there were marked regional differences in settlement pattern, burial customs and pottery traditions. This must, it is argued, reflect profound regional differences in social organisation. Ethnographic analogies are used to make sense of some of these regional patterns. Two of the larger and more stable communities in Dark Age Greece, Athens and Knossos, are subjected to detailed scrutiny. A close contextual analysis of the relationship between pot style and mortuary representations in these two sites reveal two patterns which are divergent rather than convergent. In Athens burial customs and later pot style appear to be part of an age and sex linked symbolic system. In Knossos however, there is no clear patterning, either in pot style or mortuary representations. Instead there is a continuum of variation. Such fundamental differences cannot be accomodated within the concept of a uniform ‘Homeric Society’. It is suggested here that the institutions and practices described in Homer only operated at an inter-regional level.
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Daoud, Ramy, Sherif Atallah, and Nasser Loza. "Psychiatric services in Egypt – an update." International Psychiatry 1, no. 2 (October 2003): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600006469.

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For over a thousand years, the Hippocratic system of medicine prevailed in Europe. It went into oblivion during the Dark Ages, when there was a reversion to the demoniacal theories of mental illness. Hippocrates’ works survived, however, in the library at Alexandria, where they were translated into Arabic. These and other classical works were retranslated into Latin and Greek from the 12th century on, ushering in the Renaissance.
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Donnellan, Lieve. "‘Greek colonisation’ and Mediterranean networks: patterns of mobility and interaction at Pithekoussai." Journal of Greek Archaeology 1 (January 1, 2016): 109–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32028/jga.v1i.646.

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Pithekoussai, present-day Ischia, a small island in the Bay of Naples had completely escaped the attention of Antiquarians and government functionaries—some more, some less diligently excavating the many rich archaeological sites around Naples and the Vesuvius since the 17th century—until native resident and archaeologist Giorgio Buchner uncovered the first tombs, shortly after WW II, and with it, opened a previously neglected chapter in Greek history, that of ‘Euboean colonisation’. Since the discovery of Pithekoussai, scholarly attention for Greek, especially Euboean ‘colonisation’ has skyrocketed, and the Euboeans have been hailed as the first Greek prospectors, pioneers, the openers of the Mediterranean after the Dark Ages and the creators of the pivotal Greek institution of oversees colonisation—an institution which would transform the Greek world thoroughly. The increased attention for the Euboean colonisation movement helped define Greek colonial studies as a separate subject of study, after pioneering work by scholars such as that of Jean Bérard and Tom Dunbabin, who collected literary evidence and confronted it with the, at that time, scarcely known archaeological remains. Pithekoussai, however, has uninterruptedly been at the heart of studies and debates on ancient Greek ‘colonisation’.
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Coulson, William D. E. "The ‘Protogeometric’ from Polis Reconsidered." Annual of the British School at Athens 86 (November 1991): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540001488x.

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Between 1930 and 1932, Sylvia Benton conducted excavations in a cave situated on the northwest side of the Bay of Polis in northern Ithaca. Her work was important because of the finds which indicated an almost continuous history of the Cave's use from the Early Bronze Age to Hellenistic times. Reconsideration and reclassification of that pottery which Benton called Protogeometric does indeed indicate a continuity of use from LH IIIC throughout the Dark Ages to at least MG II, that is from the late Twelfth to early Eighth Centuries B.C. Refinements to the classification and chronology of this unbroken sequence of ceramic material can be made on the basis of comparison with stratified deposits from other sites, especially in Messenia. In sum, comparative material from surrounding regions, especially Achaea, Aetolia, and elsewhere on Ithaca, suggests that the island in the Dark Ages belonged to a west Greek koiné with a shared ceramic tradition.
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Joksimović, Milena. "Rediscovering the Greeks." Tabula, no. 17 (November 16, 2020): 169–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.32728/tab.17.2020.6.

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The article explores the impact of Byzantines on Istrian Humanism and Renaissance. In the introduction author describes the alienation of the territories which used to be Eastern and Western part of the Roman Empire and, congruently, the fate of the classical (particularly Greek) heritage in the Dark and Middle Ages in those territories. This is followed by a description of the historical events that led to rapprochement of the East and West, with particular emphasis on the Byzantine exodus to Italy. The author then provides a methodological framework by analyzing the main aspects of „rediscovering” Greek cultural heritage and the influence of the Byzantine immigrants on them. The author than turns to Istria, providing, first, a short summary of Istrian contacts with the Greek cultural heritage throughout history and then the settlement of the Byzantines in Istria. The main part of the article follows, containing a detailed analysis of the described elements of „rediscovering” Greek cultural heritage – interest in Greek language, literature, culture and philosophy (particularly Neoplatonism), in translations, the editing and publishing of Greek classics, as well as in the presence of the idea of a common European identity based on a common ancient heritage, and the voices advocating for the formation of a united Christian European front against the Ottomans.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Greek Dark Ages"

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Barron, Aleese. "The Value of the Past: Minoan and Minoanizing Larnakes at the Knossos North Cemetery." Thesis, Department of Archaeology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10174.

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The main focus of this thesis is the collection of at least seventeen larnakes or clay coffins found at the Knossos North Cemetery site on Crete. The site was uncovered as a result of one period of salvage excavations in 1978 that revealed an expansive necropolis of material dating from all periods between the Subminoan and Late Orientalising periods or approximately 1100BC to 600BC. The presence of larnakes was of particular interest as they have historically been considered a prototypical Minoan shape restricted to the Bronze Age on Crete. Sixteen of the larnakes proved to be examples of Early Iron Age people reusing and recontextualising Bronze Age larnakes at least two hundred years after their manufacture while the other is the only known example of a Geometric style copy of a larnax shape. This thesis, by a comparison of the intended contexts for the larnakes in Late Bronze Age burials, with their burial contexts at the Knossos North Cemetery shows that the use of the larnakes differed greatly between the two and therefore it would seem likely that their meaning did as well. On closer inspection larnakes were most popular on Crete between 1500-1200BC when the evidence suggests that Crete was undergoing a period of political and social turmoil, possibly as the result of an influx of outsiders. The iconography on larnakes suggests a mixture of both new and old techniques and images on the same vessels to signify links to both tradition and innovation all at once. The KNC larnakes, along with a small number of other Minoan finds and influences at the site, suggest the people of later generations were once again using the larnakes to suggest strong links to the local past alongside more contemporary burial practices. In both cases, larnakes were used to strengthen and legitimate status, for the small, possibly family, groups represented in the tombs.
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Whitley, A. J. M. "Style, burial and society in Dark Age Greece : social, stylistic and mortuary change in the two communities of Athens and Knossos between 1100 and 700 B.C." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1986. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272700.

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Conter, Carolyn Nicole Pfaff Christopher A. "Chariot usage in Greek Dark Age warfare." 2003. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152003-164515/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Florida State University, 2003.
Advisor: Dr. Christopher A. Pfaff, Florida State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Classics. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Mar. 02, 2004). Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Greek Dark Ages"

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Sebbar, Leïla. Sherazade: Missing, aged 17, dark curly hair, green eyes. London: Quartet, 1991.

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Coldstream, J. N. Light from Cyprus on the Greek 'Dark Age'?: A lecture delivered at the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, on 5th May, 1997. Oxford: Leopard's Head Press, 1998.

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Ingraham, Holly. People's names: A cross-cultural reference guide to the proper use of over 40,000 personal and familial names in over 100 cultures. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland & Co., 1997.

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History, Captivating. Ancient Greece: A Captivating Guide to Greek History Starting from the Greek Dark Ages to the End of Antiquity. Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018.

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In Search of Myths & Heroes. London, England: BBC Books, 2005.

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Webster, Maud. Heritage and the Existential Need for History. University Press of Florida, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813066844.001.0001.

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In a sweeping survey of archaeological sites spanning thousands of years, Heritage and the Existential Need for History asks fundamental questions about the place of cultural heritage in Western society. What is history? Why do we write about the events of yesterday and set up memorials for them? Why do we visit places where momentous things have happened? Maud Webster takes readers on a journey from Bronze Age Mycenae through the Greek Dark Ages, from Medieval Rome through the Italian Renaissance, and from Viking Sweden to Restoration-period England and Civil War America. Combining archaeology, history, and psychology, Webster explores themes including literacy and text, monumentality and spoliation, and death and identity. She traces the human need for history at two levels—the collective, here shown through archaeological evidence, and the individual, shown through written records and the behavior they document. Webster’s robust cross-examination of artifacts and texts, and the illustrations drawn from this methodology, attest that locating our history helps us anchor ourselves, for multiple purposes and from varying perspectives, and that the drive to write and build histories is an enduring part of the human experience.
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People's Names: A Cross-Cultural Reference Guide to the Proper Use of over 40,000 Personal and Familial Names in over 100 Cultures. McFarland & Company, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Greek Dark Ages"

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"The Dark Ages." In A Brief History of Ancient Greek, 51–67. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118610695.ch4.

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Roland, Alex. "Secrecy, Technology, and War: Greek Fire and the Defense of Byzantium, 678–1204." In Warfare in the Dark Ages, 419–43. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315234311-21.

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"Chapter 2. Egyptian Wisdom and Greek Transmission from the Dark Ages to the Renaissance." In Black Athena, 132–74. Rutgers University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36019/9781978807150-007.

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Herrin, Judith. "Aspects of the Process of Hellenization in the Early Middle Ages." In Margins and Metropolis. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691153018.003.0002.

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This chapter examines the inherent forces that remained to sustain medieval Hellenism in the early Middle Ages. It discusses two aspects to the hellenization process that was at work in parts of the Balkan peninsula during the “Dark Ages” of Byzantine history, each helping to preserve distinct parts of the Hellenistic tradition: the continued use of spoken Greek, and the preservation of Byzantine political, cultural, and religious practices. In both cases, the agents of this process were the indigenous population of Greece, who sought refuge from the Slavs on Aegean islands, in mountain fortresses, and along the littoral. The chapter shows that despite the “grande brèche” in continuous imperial rule, the inhabitants of Greece were able to reassert their identity as citizens of the empire of Constantinople.
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Moller, Astrid. "The Greek Economy and Its Market Elements." In Naukratis. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198152842.003.0008.

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The fall of the Mycenaean world marks a deep historical break. Mycenaean society was characterized by a redistributive economy, indicated by accurate book-keeping in its centres. According to Finley, in the following Dark Ages, Greek society was largely determined by reciprocity, thus differing not only from the preceding Mycenaean age but also—fundamentally—from the advanced civilizations of the Near East. Reciprocity can still be found in Herodotus, who records traces of consolidation of social relationships through the exchange of gifts. The friendship between Polykrates of Samos and Pharaoh Amasis, for example, was strengthened by means of gifts and counter-gifts; the alliance between Kroisos and the Spartans came about through the gift of a krater as a reciprocal present for gold. Given the absence of great centres of redistribution for the collection and reallocation of land, labour, and products, Greek society and its economy should be regarded as developing along completely different lines to those of the Near Eastern civilizations. Any attempt at commenting on trade in Archaic Greece seems a risky undertaking in that the results depend wholly on the approach applied and the questions asked. Written sources are rare and difficult to interpret. Archaeological sources, for their part, while extensive and varied, are no easier to explain. Do we have to assume that every sherd of pottery, every ivory fragment, and every oriental seal arrived at its place of discovery through trade—indeed, what precisely do we mean by ‘trade’? My feeling is that it is impossible to find a definition of the term that is both general and really useful; nonetheless, the review of a few attempts aiming at such a definition will serve to indicate at least some possible direction. Polanyi has rightly observed that trade can signify not only the two-way movement of commodities through a market—that is, via supply-and-demand price mechanisms and involving the use of money—but also peaceful, usually two-way movements of objects over a considerable distance directed at acquiring items which are not available on the spot. He uses the word ‘trade’ for every form of exchange, however, making it necessary for us further to determine and define its meaning in each case. Polanyi’s remarks are of great assistance if one is seeking to grasp the variety of exchanges, but not if one wishes to differentiate pre-market-economy trade from other forms of exchange.
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Crouch, Dora P. "Natural Models for Water Elements." In Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072808.003.0019.

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The Greek builders developed their control over water by careful observation coupled with trial and error, to determine where there would be ample water supply. They could amass the same kind of knowledge as modern engineers, although on a different (nonmathematical) basis. They were adept at utilizing observation but not at complicated technical manipulation of data, at least partly because of the defects in their mathematical system. They also were adept at utilizing discoveries made by their neighbors, such as the qanats of Persia. Unfortunately we do not know how much of the highly developed Mycenaean and Minoan water technology survived the “Dark Ages” of the first third of the first millennium B.C. The features of a karst landscape that tell modern engineers where to drill would have spoken equally strongly to their predecessors: 1. In limestone gaps between vertical or steeply dipping aquicludes (strata that hold water but do not transmit it) 2. In open faults or at fault intersections, especially in younger faults not resealed by precipitated calcite 3. At the noses of limestone spurs jutting into alluvium, places that are often the location of springs, but even if no spring is visible, one can find water at depth 4. On the peak of an anticline where tension opens the aquifer (cf. artesian wells) 5. Below surface drainage—especially in places with large solution openings (FAO, Vols. 4 and 5, pt. 1, p. 24) Thus, inspection of the karst terrane would have enabled the ancient water specialists to find and utilize springs, and also to know where to dig for wells. Such knowledge contributed directly to the success of ancient Greek cities. Inspection of and meditation on the natural environment over many centuries gave the Greeks the necessary models to develop highly sophisticated water systems. In what follows I am speculating, but in no case do these suggestions go beyond what would be possible given both time, intelligence, and necessity. In the case of either dolines/sinkholes or the kind of shaft that grows gradually upward, the lower end of the shaft is always or seasonally filled with water (see Fig. 7.3).
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Crouch, Dora P. "Planning Water Management: Corinth and Syracuse." In Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities. Oxford University Press, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072808.003.0021.

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The ancient Greeks could not afford inefficient and impractical cities. This one insight has guided my research ever since I attended the International Water Resources Association conference in Rome in 1986 and learned how concerned modern water engineers and policymakers are about careful utilization of water resources. We twentieth century Americans can afford waste, because we are both rich and spendthrift. But the ancients were living very close to the edge in an ecosystem that sustains human life only if it is carefully, respectfully managed. How successful they were in city site selection and in city building is evident from the fact that so many of their cities survived for such long times—Athens nearly 5000 years; the great capital Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul since the eighth century B.C., a lifespan of about 2800 years; and even obscure towns like Morgantina, Sicily, for 450 years. Given a hot and semiarid Mediterranean climate with rain only in the winter months, careful attention to water supply and distribution was essential for a Greek city. As long ago as the second millennium B.C., the Mycenaeans who lived in mainland Greece and the Minoans of Crete took great care of the water supply and drainage of their sites, using cisterns, wells, pipelines, rock-cut channels, and so on (Evans, 1964 reprint, vol. I, 103–05, 141–43, 333–36, 378–84, 389–98; Broneer,1939, 317–433; Mylonas 1966; Knaus, Heinrich, and Kalcyk, 1980). Because of the gap in the archaeological record, we cannot be sure whether any of their knowledge about water management survived the collapse of these civilizations and the 400 years or so of the “Dark Ages” that followed. Some ideas such as cisterns seem to be both so basic and so easy for a single family to execute, that it is likely their use persisted no matter how primitive conditions became. Others, such as the use of pressure pipes, seem to require a fairly sophisticated society and probably the existence of a group of architect-engineers to carry out the building process, and therefore we would not expect them to survive but to be independently re-invented when later Greek society reached technological sophistication.
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Andreev, Juri V. "The Dark Ages and Their Place in the History of Ancient Greek Society. On the Problem of the Sub-Myceanean Regression (Summary)." In Familie, Staat und Gesellschaftsformation / Family, State and the Formation of Society, 435. De Gruyter, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783112619063-058.

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"Greek Migrations to Aegean Anatolia in the Early Dark Age." In Greek Colonisation, 115–41. BRILL, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047404101_004.

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"The Greek Renaissance: the middle and later 8th Century." In The Dark Age of Greece, 416–29. Edinburgh University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781474472746-048.

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Conference papers on the topic "Greek Dark Ages"

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Tanasi, Davide, Ilenia Gradante, and Mariarita Sgarlata. "3D DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES TO RECORD EXCAVATION DATA: THE CASE OF THE CATACOMBS OF ST. LUCY (SIRACUSA, SICILY)." In ARQUEOLÓGICA 2.0 - 8th International Congress on Archaeology, Computer Graphics, Cultural Heritage and Innovation. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/arqueologica8.2016.3002.

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Between 2013 and 2015, Arcadia University in partnership with the Pontifical Commission for Sacred Archaeology and the University of Catania undertook new excavation campaigns in the Catacombs of St. Lucy at Siracusa. The research focuses on some very problematic parts of Region C of the complex, including Oratory C, the so-called Pagan Shrine and Crypt VI. These areas document most effectively the long life of this Christian hypogeum, which incorporated previous structures and artefacts related to the Greek period and continued to be used until the Middle Ages. During the excavation an array of 3D digital techniques (3D scanning, 3d Modelling, Image-based 3D modelling) was used for the daily recording of the archaeological units, but also to create high-resolution virtual replicas of certain districts of the catacombs. Furthermore, the same techniques were applied to support the study of certain classes of materials, such as frescoes and marble architectural elements that could otherwise only be studied in the dark environment of the catacombs, making the visual analysis of such complex artifacts difficult and sometimes misleading, not to mention that the frequent use of strong sources of light for study can also endanger them. The virtual archaeology research undertaken at the Catacombs of St. Lucy represents the first systematic application of 3D digital technologies to the study of such a special archaeological context in Sicily.
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