Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Greban'

Joseph Dietzgen remains an anomaly within the Marxist canon for his adherence to a monism which very deliberately collapses the psychological, epistemological and ontological into a ‘social democratic’ materialism within which subjectivity is an immanent feature of the single substantive universe. Dietzgen’s distinctive adoption of a monism which owes much – largely unacknowledged – both to Spinoza and to Romanticism, offers the possibility of a counternarrative to the main stories of official communism and democratic socialism. Such a narrative might be used to retrieve and reconstruct aspects of the Marxist tradition which more comfortably accommodate its conceptual apparatuses to the philosophical requirements of an age of ecological crisis. Why? Firstly, because of the inheritance partially shared by Dietzgen’s Marxism and by ecological Deep Green theory, from Spinoza through Schelling to the early Marx; Secondly, because Dietzgen’s ideas very loosely presaged something of the scientific revolution of the early twentieth century, and because some of those who were influenced by Dietzgen such as Bogdanov were quick to accept the new physics and to turn them to an ontological project which was more thoroughly holist, pedagogical and ecological in outlook than the emerging Leninist orthodoxy; Thirdly, because the expression of the heritage of Spinozism and Romanticism in the development of later twentieth century ecosophical thinking rather parallels the ways in which the anomalous Marxism of Dietzgen moved towards the pedagogical; his project was, from the outset one which intended to promote cosmological reorientation as a key feature of social democratic change; Fourthly, Dietzgen’ s philosophy of internal relations, though largely neglected within Marxism, found echoes in the process philosophy of Whitehead, which itself took a strongly ecological direction. It has been argued that if Dietzgen and his anomalous tendency within Marxism are to have any relevance to the current period, one must have regard for the way in which the sciences of physics, and of biology ( in particular neurology) have developed, and re-read a less deterministic philosophy of science through Dietzgen accordingly. In this study, Dietzgen’s ideas have been stretched and reconstructed to bring to light more explicitly features of the thinking of both his forebears and his philosophical successors. The philosophy of Mathews and Naess enrich our understanding of how we might reshape ourselves in this period to affect a transformation towards human flourishing. Such a transformation is embodied in every child, as an emergent subjectivity. Both Dietzgen and Mathews have powerfully critiqued the egocentric, atomic self of bourgeois society. The extent to which an individual born to such a society fails to register their orientation towards their own activity, their class, their species and their land community is the measure of an adaptive pathology, the continuance of which take us further from viability as a species.

Thesis (PhD) -- Bond University, 2006.
"This thesis submitted to Bond University in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy". Bibliography: pages 258-284. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Eared Grebes (Podiceps nigricollis) are migratory birds that build their nests over water and in large groups called colonies. Their typical breeding range is in central southern Canada and northern United States; however, a previously uncertain number of Eared Grebes (grebes) also nest around the Great Salt Lake (GSL), Utah, at the southern edge of their breeding range. Little is known about the habitat requirements for grebe nesting colonies at such low latitudes and if they are different from colonies found elsewhere. My objectives for this research were to determine the status of the grebe nesting population as well as their habitat characteristics along the GSL in freshwater wetlands. I found over 4,280 grebe nests distributed among 35 colonies. Grebes built nests by mounding submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) beginning the first week of June. The results from my habitat study show that grebes prefer to nest in areas with an average water depth of 48 cm, high invertebrate density, and abundant areas of floating SAV. Water depth and vegetation type at colony sites as well as timing of nesting and average number of eggs per nest of GSL colonies differed from colonies located at more northern latitudes. The differences in nesting could be attributed to the need to wait for SAV to grow and form mats on the water’s surface, or a need to wait for their food source to reach harvestable size. After grebes leave their nesting grounds, they stop at the GSL where they prepare for their final migration southward by consuming their fill of brine shrimp (Artemia franciscana). Brine shrimp are tiny invertebrates that are well-adapted to salty environments; they produce hard-walled eggs called cysts which are of great economic value and are commercially harvested from the GSL. I compared cyst viability, which is the percentage of cysts in a condition conducive to hatching, for cysts that had passed through the digestive tract of grebes and cysts samples obtained from the GSL. Only 30% of the cysts that had passed through grebes were viable, whereas 63% of cysts from the GSL were viable.

This dissertation examines the role of the congregation in encouraging or inhibiting engagement with environmentalism for mainline and evangelical Protestants. We often think of the congregation as a mobilizing structure, but this study shows that congregations may actually discourage some forms of engagement. Additionally, I find that congregational activity is strongly shaped by the traditions and institutions in which the churches are embedded. Through in-depth interviews with green mainline and evangelical Protestants, I have identified different forms that engagement with environmental stewardship can take, ranging from individual practice to political engagement advocating for societal change. I find that while evangelicals may not participate in the forms of engagement that are most visible, they transform their participation in a way that allows them to maintain their religious identity. This study illustrates how religious, social, and organizational factors within congregations can influence engagement with environmentalism. This will contribute to our understanding of how religious congregations impact individuals civic engagement, especially around divisive issues.

This thesis estimates the cost of biofuel to meet the the Navy's (DON) stated energy objectives, i.e., sailing the Great Green Fleet in 2016 and transitioning to 50 percent alternative fuel by 2020. The first estimate is for the additional cost to operate the Carrier Air Wing (CVW) component of the Great Green Fleet in 2016. A premium to the cost of JP-5 is estimated. A second estimate is made for a CVW operating a six-month deployment with 50 percent biofuel in 2020. A premium was estimated and a sensitivity analysis was conducted to project the required reduction in costs for biofuel from 2012 estimates to reach parity pricing with petroleum fuel by 2020.

Orientador: Flávio Ribeiro de Oliveira
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T03:35:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cabral_LuizAlbertoMachado_D.pdf: 1547375 bytes, checksum: a0b009115fe122a26f2169fba6f1742b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A Biblioteca é um compêndio em Grego antigo de mitos e lendas heroicas dispostos em três livros e foi denominado "a mais valiosa obra mitográfica dos tempos antigos que chegou até nós", mas não se sabe absolutamente quem é o seu autor. A obra que temos em mãos é atribuída a Apolodoro, o Gramático, ou seja, Apolodoro de Atenas, um erudito do século II a. C. e autor da obra Sobre os Deuses (Perì Theôn). O texto que possuímos, no entanto, menciona um autor romano, o cronista Cástor, um contemporâneo de Cícero do século I a. C. Os eruditos que se seguiram a Fócio se equivocaram na atribuição da obra. Uma vez que Apolodoro de Atenas não poderia ter escrito a obra, o autor da Biblioteca é convencionalmente denominado o "Pseudo Apolodoro" por aqueles que almejam ser estritamente precisos. As referências tradicionais mencionam apenas "a Biblioteca e Epítome". Sua primeira menção na literatura grega ocorre em 858 d. C. pelo erudito bizantino Fócio, que teve acesso à obra na íntegra, tal como ele menciona no seu "relato de livros lidos", que ela continha histórias dos heróis da Guerra de Troia e dos nóstoi (Retornos) que faltam nos manuscritos que restaram. Infelizmente, a Biblioteca chegou-nos incompleta. Nos manuscritos ela se encontra indivisa, mas por convenção, foi dividida em três livros. Parte do Livro III, que é interrompido abruptamente no meio das aventuras de Teseu, foi perdida. No século XII d. C., no entanto, John Tzetzes possuía o texto completo, e em 1885, R. Wagner constatou que um manuscrito da Biblioteca do Vaticano, que continha trechos de uma obra de Tzetzes, continha também um longo trecho resumido, extraído de todo o conteúdo da Biblioteca, incluindo o seu final perdido. Essa versão resumida (ou epítome) é conhecida atualmente como Epítome do Vaticano. Coincidentemente, poucos anos depois, A. Papadopoulos-Kerameus descobriu em Jerusalém um manuscrito que continha um conjunto de excertos resumidos, todos do Livro III e da parte conhecida apenas pela epítome de Tzetzes. Este manuscrito ficou conhecido como Epítome Sabaítica (devido ao monastério de São Sabbas, onde o manuscrito foi descoberto); Portanto, embora a Biblioteca tenha sido impressa pela primeira vez em uma edição moderna em 1555, foi somente com a edição de R. Wagner, de 1894, que tivemos acesso ao texto completo, ou pelo menos próximo disso. Estas duas epítomes são inestimáveis para nós por serem nossos únicos testemunhos da parte do livro que se perdeu e foram compostas em tempos diferentes, por diferentes eruditos ou copistas, e quando são contrastadas, nem sempre conservam o mesmo material ou detalhe. Este é o motivo pelo qual escolhemos traduzir uma versão combinada delas, criada por J. G. Frazer, que une as duas epítomes para criar um relato mais completo e coerente. Em nossa tradução da obra, tentamos manter a clareza e a objetividade sem pretender "embelezar", quando nosso autor não teve a intenção de fazê-lo. Compilada fielmente, embora de maneira acrítica, a partir das melhores fontes literárias disponíveis para o Pseudo Apolodoro, em sua época, a importância da Biblioteca deriva sobretudo da fidelidade com a qual ele reproduz ou resume os relatos de escritores cujas obras nos são acessíveis e nos inspira a aceitar suas afirmações também com relação a outros autores, cujos escritos desapareceram. Daí a extrema importância documental desse livro como um registro meticuloso sobre o que os gregos acreditavam a respeito da origem do mundo e da antiga história de sua raça, pois é o único testemunho de tradições perdidas de que dispomos. Os relatos breves e desprovidos de adornos dos mitos na Biblioteca levaram alguns comentadores a sugerir que mesmos as suas seções completas são um resumo de uma obra perdida.
Resumo: A Biblioteca é um compêndio em Grego antigo de mitos e lendas heroicas dispostos em três livros e foi denominado "a mais valiosa obra mitográfica dos tempos antigos que chegou até nós", mas não se sabe absolutamente quem é o seu autor. A obra que temos em mãos é atribuída a Apolodoro, o Gramático, ou seja, Apolodoro de Atenas, um erudito do século II a. C. e autor da obra Sobre os Deuses (Perì Theôn). O texto que possuímos, no entanto, menciona um autor romano, o cronista Cástor, um contemporâneo de Cícero do século I a. C. Os eruditos que se seguiram a Fócio se equivocaram na atribuição da obra. Uma vez que Apolodoro de Atenas não poderia ter escrito a obra, o autor da Biblioteca é convencionalmente denominado o "Pseudo Apolodoro" por aqueles que almejam ser estritamente precisos. As referências tradicionais mencionam apenas "a Biblioteca e Epítome". Sua primeira menção na literatura grega ocorre em 858 d. C. pelo erudito bizantino Fócio, que teve acesso à obra na íntegra, tal como ele menciona no seu "relato de livros lidos", que ela continha histórias dos heróis da Guerra de Troia e dos nóstoi (Retornos) que faltam nos manuscritos que restaram. Infelizmente, a Biblioteca chegou-nos incompleta. Nos manuscritos ela se encontra indivisa, mas por convenção, foi dividida em três livros. Parte do Livro III, que é interrompido abruptamente no meio das aventuras de Teseu, foi perdida. No século XII d. C., no entanto, John Tzetzes possuía o texto completo, e em 1885, R. Wagner constatou que um manuscrito da Biblioteca do Vaticano, que continha trechos de uma obra de Tzetzes, continha também um longo trecho resumido, extraído de todo o conteúdo da Biblioteca, incluindo o seu final perdido. Essa versão resumida (ou epítome) é conhecida atualmente como Epítome do Vaticano. Coincidentemente, poucos anos depois, A. Papadopoulos-Kerameus descobriu em Jerusalém um manuscrito que continha um conjunto de excertos resumidos, todos do Livro III e da parte conhecida apenas pela epítome de Tzetzes. Este manuscrito ficou conhecido como Epítome Sabaítica (devido ao monastério de São Sabbas, onde o manuscrito foi descoberto); Portanto, embora a Biblioteca tenha sido impressa pela primeira vez em uma edição moderna em 1555, foi somente com a edição de R. Wagner, de 1894, que tivemos acesso ao texto completo, ou pelo menos próximo disso. Estas duas epítomes são inestimáveis para nós por serem nossos únicos testemunhos da parte do livro que se perdeu e foram compostas em tempos diferentes, por diferentes eruditos ou copistas, e quando são contrastadas, nem sempre conservam o mesmo material ou detalhe. Este é o motivo pelo qual escolhemos traduzir uma versão combinada delas, criada por J. G. Frazer, que une as duas epítomes para criar um relato mais completo e coerente. Em nossa tradução da obra, tentamos manter a clareza e a objetividade sem pretender "embelezar", quando nosso autor não teve a intenção de fazê-lo. Compilada fielmente, embora de maneira acrítica, a partir das melhores fontes literárias disponíveis para o Pseudo Apolodoro, em sua época, a importância da Biblioteca deriva sobretudo da fidelidade com a qual ele reproduz ou resume os relatos de escritores cujas obras nos são acessíveis e nos inspira a aceitar suas afirmações também com relação a outros autores, cujos escritos desapareceram. Daí a extrema importância documental desse livro como um registro meticuloso sobre o que os gregos acreditavam a respeito da origem do mundo e da antiga história de sua raça, pois é o único testemunho de tradições perdidas de que dispomos. Os relatos breves e desprovidos de adornos dos mitos na Biblioteca levaram alguns comentadores a sugerir que mesmos as suas seções completas são um resumo de uma obra perdida.
Abstract: The Bibliotheke is an ancient Greek compendium of myths and heroic legends, arranged in three books and it has been called "the most valuable mythographical work that has come down from ancient times", but his author is completely unknown to us. The work has come down to us attributed to Apollodorus the Grammarian, that is, Apollodorus of Athens, a second-century BC scholar and author of On the Gods (Peri Theon). The text that we possess, however, cites a Roman author: Castor the Annalist, a contemporary of Cicero in the 1st century BC. The mistaken attribution was made by scholars from Photius onwards. Since for chronological reasons Apollodorus of Athens could not have written the book, the author of the Bibliotheke is conventionally called the "Pseudo-Apollodorus" by those wishing to be scrupulously correct. Traditional references simply instance "the Library and Epitome". The first mention of the work in the Greek literature is in AD 858 by the Byzantine scholar Photius, who had the full work before him, as he mentions in his "account of books read" that it contained stories of the heroes of the Trojan War and the nostoi, missing in surviving manuscripts. Unfortunately the Bibliotheca has come down to us incomplete. It is undivided in the manuscripts but conventionally divided in three books. Part of the third book, which breaks off abruptly in the middle of Theseus' adventures, has been lost. In the twelfth century AD, however, John Tzetzes, had a complete text too, and in 1885 R. Wagner realized that a manuscript in the Vatican Library containing excerpts of some Tzetzes' work also contained large abridged excerpts drawn from across the whole of the Bibliotheke - including the lost ending. This abridged version (or epitome) is known as the Vatican Epitome. Coincidentally, a few years later, A. Papadopoulos-Kerameus discovered in Jerusalem a manuscript that contained another set of abridged excerpts, all from the third book and the portion known only from Tzetzes' epitome. This became known as the Sabbaitic Epitome (from the monastery of St. Sabbas, where the manuscript was discovered); Thus, although the Bibliotheke was first printed in a modern edition in 1555, it was only with Wagner's edition of 1894 the we had a complete, or at least nearly complete, text. The two epitomes are invaluable for us because they are our witness to the last part of the book and were made at different times by different copyists and scholars, and when they overlap they do not always preserve the same material or detail. That is the reason why we have chosen to translate a combined version of them, created by J. G. Frazer; with stitches the separate epitomes together to create a fuller and more connect account. In our translation of the work we have tried to be clear and straightforward, without "prettying up" our author into something he is not. Compiled faithfully, if uncritically, from the best literary sources open to the Pseudo- Apollodorus, the Bibliotheke debt its importance above all to the fidelity with which he reproduced or summarized the accounts of writers whose works are accessible to us and inspires us with confidence in accepting his statements concerning others whose writings are lost. Hence his book possesses a documentary value as an accurate record of what the Greeks in general believed about the origin and early history of the world and of their race. The brief and unadorned accounts of myth in the Bibliotheca have led some commentators to suggest that even its complete sections are an epitome of a lost work.
Abstract: The Bibliotheke is an ancient Greek compendium of myths and heroic legends, arranged in three books and it has been called "the most valuable mythographical work that has come down from ancient times", but his author is completely unknown to us. The work has come down to us attributed to Apollodorus the Grammarian, that is, Apollodorus of Athens, a second-century BC scholar and author of On the Gods (Peri Theon). The text that we possess, however, cites a Roman author: Castor the Annalist, a contemporary of Cicero in the 1st century BC. The mistaken attribution was made by scholars from Photius onwards. Since for chronological reasons Apollodorus of Athens could not have written the book, the author of the Bibliotheke is conventionally called the "Pseudo-Apollodorus" by those wishing to be scrupulously correct. Traditional references simply instance "the Library and Epitome". The first mention of the work in the Greek literature is in AD 858 by the Byzantine scholar Photius, who had the full work before him, as he mentions in his "account of books read" that it contained stories of the heroes of the Trojan War and the nostoi, missing in surviving manuscripts. Unfortunately the Bibliotheca has come down to us incomplete. It is undivided in the manuscripts but conventionally divided in three books. Part of the third book, which breaks off abruptly in the middle of Theseus' adventures, has been lost. In the twelfth century AD, however, John Tzetzes, had a complete text too, and in 1885 R. Wagner realized that a manuscript in the Vatican Library containing excerpts of some Tzetzes' work also contained large abridged excerpts drawn from across the whole of the Bibliotheke - including the lost ending. This abridged version (or epitome) is known as the Vatican Epitome. Coincidentally, a few years later, A. Papadopoulos-Kerameus discovered in Jerusalem a manuscript that contained another set of abridged excerpts, all from the third book and the portion known only from Tzetzes' epitome. This became known as the Sabbaitic Epitome (from the monastery of St. Sabbas, where the manuscript was discovered); Thus, although the Bibliotheke was first printed in a modern edition in 1555, it was only with Wagner's edition of 1894 the we had a complete, or at least nearly complete, text. The two epitomes are invaluable for us because they are our witness to the last part of the book and were made at different times by different copyists and scholars, and when they overlap they do not always preserve the same material or detail. That is the reason why we have chosen to translate a combined version of them, created by J. G. Frazer; with stitches the separate epitomes together to create a fuller and more connect account. In our translation of the work we have tried to be clear and straightforward, without "prettying up" our author into something he is not. Compiled faithfully, if uncritically, from the best literary sources open to the Pseudo- Apollodorus, the Bibliotheke debt its importance above all to the fidelity with which he reproduced or summarized the accounts of writers whose works are accessible to us and inspires us with confidence in accepting his statements concerning others whose writings are lost. Hence his book possesses a documentary value as an accurate record of what the Greeks in general believed about the origin and early history of the world and of their race. The brief and unadorned accounts of myth in the Bibliotheca have led some commentators to suggest that even its complete sections are an epitome of a lost work.
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística

Orientador: Brunno Vinicius Gonçalves Vieira
Banca: Márcio Meirelles Gouvêa Júnior
Banca: Márcio Thamos
Resumo: Considerando as múltiplas representações que o herói Jasão recebe desde a Antiguidade, escolheu-se a epopeia de Valério Flaco, autor do século I d.C., como principal objeto de análise para refletir sobre a construção do líder dos argonautas. Oferece-se um panorama dos autores que trabalham com as narrativas relacionadas ao herói em obras literárias anteriores a Flaco, de modo a que se possa ter uma visão geral da tradição que foi construída acerca do herói e das diferenças que existem na abordagem do mito, o que poderia impactar a construção do herói. Nessa exposição, dá-se destaque à obra de Apolônio de Rodes, por ser considerada um marco no que se refere a essa construção, tendo em vista que o poeta trata da viagem dos argonautas em gênero épico, o que permitiria um maior detalhamento acerca de diversos aspectos do mito que poderiam não ser possíveis em um gênero mais curto, não predominantemente narrativo e em que a figura central não fosse o herói. Aborda-se a representação dada a Jasão por Valério Flaco, confrontando o herói, intrinsecamente, a seus companheiros de viagem e, extrinsecamente, a seus antecessores, de modo a refletir sobre essa nova inserção do herói em gênero épico em contexto latino. Assim, pretende-se analisar tanto a construção do herói isoladamente na obra em que está inserido quanto, ao mostrar as diversas possibilidades oferecidas por poetas anteriores, quais versões Valério Flaco poderia ter explorado, seja por um processo de eleição de modelo a ser... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Considering the multiple representations that the hero Jason received since Antiquity, the epic of Valerius Flaccus, a first century AD author, was chosen as the main object of analysis to reflect on the construction of the leader of the Argonauts. It is offered an overview of the authors who work with the narratives related to the hero in literary works previous to Flaccus, so that the reader can have an overview of the tradition that was constructed about the hero and the possible differences in the approach of the myth, which could affect his construction. In this exhibition, the work of Apollonius of Rhodes is emphasized as it's considered a mark in regard to this construction, given that the poet deals with the Argonauts' journey in epic genre, which would allow greater detail about various aspects of the myth that might not be possible in a shorter genre, in which the narrative was not predominant and the central figure was not the hero. The representation given to Jason by Valerius Flaccus is dealt confronting the hero intrinsically to his fellows and extrinsically to his predecessors in order to reflect on his new insertion in the epic genre in Latin context. Thus, it is intended to analyze both the construction of the hero alone in the work in which he is inserted and, by showing the various possibilities offered by previous poets, which versions Valerius Flaccus could have explored, either by a process of election of a model to be followed, affiliating to a traditio... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

Cette thèse suit l’évolution et la transmission du concept de GND à travers le temps et l’espace via l’analyse des documents produits par les groupes GND de Grande Bretagne, d’Irlande et d’Irlande du Nord dans une perspective comparative. La thèse intègre des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives, dont des entretiens semistructurés, l’analyse lexicométrique et une forme adaptée de l’Analyse Critique du Discours afin de répondre à la question suivante : « Comment les discours et les idéologies des 'Green New Deals' de l'Irlande, la Grande-Bretagne et l'Irlande du Nord peuvent-ils être compris en relation les uns aux autres et dans leurs contextes respectifs ? » La thèse explore l'influence des contextes et des groupes sur les discours et le contenu idéologique des textes Green New Deal, et avance l’argument que bien que les Green New Deals aient, à des degrés divers, le potentiel pour constituer la première étape d'une transition sur le long terme vers une économie politique juste et verte, ils se doivent de développer certains thèmes pour permettre à leur potentiel transformateur d’opérer, au lieu de renforcer les idéologies actuellement dominantes
This thesis follows the evolution and transmission of the Green New Deal concept through time and space by examining the British, Irish and Northern Irish Green New Deal documents from a comparative perspective. It uses quantitative and qualitative methods including Corpus Linguistics, Critical Discourse Analysis and the collection of elite oral history interviews to respond to the guiding question, “How can the discourses and embedded ideologies of the Green New Deals of the Republic of Ireland, Great Britain and Northern Ireland be understood in relation to one another and their respective contexts?”. The thesis explores the influence of contexts and groups on the discourses and ideological contents of the Green New Deal texts, ultimately finding that though the Green New Deals have the potential to act as transitional documents in a move towards a just green political economy, further work must be done to develop key themes in the texts and ensure they realise their transformative potential rather than simply reinforcing currently dominant ideologies

This study aims at exploring a new phenomenon labelled here as green populism. Building on modern theories of populism and green ideology, this case-study is focused on finding which elements of green populism are present, if any, in Greta Thunberg’s discourse. Using a Qualitative Content Analysis methodology and what is known as a coding process, it was possible to determine that all six subcategories of green populism, defined by this study as a) ecological crisis of cosmic proportion, b) victimisation of "the people", c) blame attribution to "the elite", d) green radicalisation, e) trust in science, and finally, f) intergenerational justice, can be identified in Greta Thunberg’s speeches. The analysis leads to the conclusion that Greta Thunberg is a populist actor which combines both populism thin-centred ideology and green ideology into a new phenomenon: green populism.

Contact: ac222sd@student.lnu.se

This work explores the fragility of the Great Lakes and the environmental degradation we have caused. My main focus revolves around what the EPA considers to be the Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs). This list contains 27 rivers that flow into the Great Lakes, most of which are or have been areas of industrial and chemical pollution. Through installations involving photography, ceramics, and video, I hope to reveal the issues facing the Great Lakes and explore how people can help.

Between 1915 and 1940, millions of African Americans migrated from the South to cities in the North. “Recovering Green in Bronzeville” examines the ways in which these migrants experienced, perceived, talked about, valued, and shaped these natural and landscaped environments in the interwar years. Taking Chicago as its focal point, this dissertation argues that not only should African Americans be central to narratives of environment and place in the early twentieth century, but also that natural and landscaped environments are central to African American culture. The dissertation’s first part compares and contrasts the environmental resonance of lives left behind in the South with those established in Chicago, particularly with regards to foodways and labor. It asserts that while many African Americans had already become integrated into national industrial networks prior to migration, residence in even the most urban southern city could not have prepared them for Chicago’s densely populated South Side. The dissertation’s second part explores the significance of African American experiences with both urban and rural natural and landscaped environments from roughly 1915 to 1929. It shows how African Americans joined a chorus of late Progressive Era Americans who saw these environments as an antidote to modern city life that produced ill health and delinquency, as well as how race – through the discourses of respectability, uplift, and primitivism – uniquely inflected their approaches to those places. Primarily grounding its analysis in a few specific sites – Chicago’s Washington Park; Idlewild, an African American resort in rural Michigan; and Camp Wabash, a YMCA youth camp in rural Michigan – it also reveals black Chicagoans as a mobile population that regularly accessed the rural North. The dissertation’s third part considers how African Americans’ connections to these same environments evolved during the Depression, adding an analysis of segregated African American Civilian Conservation Corps companies which, with the labor of black Chicagoans, radically altered the landscapes of rural Illinois and Michigan. On the whole, African Americans focused on building communities in natural and landscaped environments separate from whites in a cultural context defined by widespread poverty, New Deal-era politics and agencies, increasing segregation, and diminished migration.

The importance of formative assessments has been in the forefront of current pedagogy. In this study, ninth-grade urban science classes were taught using clear "I can" statements, given meaningful feedback on their assignments, and provided with multiple attempts to successfully reach the learning goals. While the overall performance of students showed marginal improvement, the data indicates that their attitudes towards science and learning seemed to become more positive.

Middle school can be a tough time for students to be willing to share their ideas and thoughts aloud in class. This study challenges that unwillingness to speak aloud in class and teaches students how to participate appropriately in formal class discussions. While conducting this study, data was collected to determine if the discussions had an effect on student performance and confidence in the science classroom. Students were observed during five different class discussions. Data was collected by using tools such as rubrics, self-assessments, pre-assessments and post-assessments. After two months of post-treatment, the study concluded with the knowledge that class discussions can be used as another strategy to engage students to be active participants in their learning of science topics while also allowing students to demonstrate oral speaking skills in a respectful learning environment.

Energy saving is an important factor which must be taken into account when planning a mobile distribution network. Distributed Antenna System (DAS) is a part of mobile distribution infrastructure which is used to extend the coverage of mobile base stations. DAS is a subject of the present study whose goal is to optimize DAS solutions for indoor and outdoor scenarios in terms of energy consumption while preserving the required Quality-of-Service (QoS). The project outdoor scenario is built on an example of a football stadium (Friends Arena in Stockholm) and the indoor scenario on an example of an office building (Electrum). The propagation model is build under realistic assumptions. The energy efficiency is defined as Joule/bit. Taking into account the radio part only, it is shown that increasing the number of antennas allows to improve the energy efficiency. It is also shown that by adjusting the positions of the antennas using an optimization algorithm, one can further improve the energy efficiency. It is finally shown that taking into account both radio and optical parts, there is an upper bound for the energy efficiency (as a function of the number of antennas), i.e. there is generally an optimal number of antennas which provide the best energy efficiency with a fixed QoS for the system. This thesis is a part of the joint project “Green Distributed Antenna Systems” between Wireless@KTH, Acreo AB and MIC Nordic AB
Green solutions for dynamic Distributed Antenna Systems, DAS (gDAS)

Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2007.
Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed July 13, 2007). Includes abstract. Keywords: Green Building; Sustainable Design; Green Development; Hamilton County; Housing Includes bibliographical references.

Introduction

In our Bachelor’s thesis we wrote about the advantages, risks, strategies and methods useful when working with Green IT. But there still were difficulties delimiting the field of Green IT. This was mostly because of the lack of previous research, unestablished definitions of the term Green IT as well as nonexistent methods to measure the accomplished work. Furthermore the recent changes in the environment, with escalating pressure from stakeholders with environmental concerns and increased costs of investments and maintenance, have forced IT-companies to measure the effects of IT and its financial impact.

Purpose

The purpose of our research study is to further clarify the field of Green IT by establishing a definition and constructing a KPI-setting.

Method

We first established a definition of the term Green IT by gathering available definitions and analysing them. The analysis resulted in two definitions; one for Green IT (a technology product used to support information gathering, processing, distribution and use, and which is or contributes to environmental sustainability) and one for a Green IT Company (manages the process of producing technology used to support information gathering, processing, distribution and use, and which is or contributes to environmental sustainability). These definitions made us realise that there are users and manufacturers of Green IT, with distinctive perspectives and needs when measuring it. According to our definitions we found respondents to interview in order to construct two KPI-settings instead of one.

Conclusions

The first KPI-setting constructed focuses on producers of Green IT and their production activities along with the financial impact. The second KPI-setting focuses on users of Green IT and looks at the usage of Green IT, and also includes financial indicators to measure financial impact.

This thesis presents the problem surrounding green marketing, which involves the lack of knowledge of green consumption by the consumer, and the threats of green washing from companies who present green marketing without achieving the green marketing criteria. An implementation of the green marketing theories in the cases of Patagonia and Klättermusen: green marketing five “I’s” and the green marketing three “C’s” was done in order to understand if the two companies fit the green marketing profile. This thesis aims to contribute to gain deeper knowledge from the outdoor consumer perspective on green marketing campaigns, and answer the question to how effective these campaigns are to the outdoor consumer, through a qualitative research.

Problem – Logistics services worldwide are not considered to be environmental sustainable because of their high emissions of greenhouse gasses (GHG) as well as its air, soil and water pollution. Since fourth party logistics providers (4PLs) manage the entire supply chain they can reduce their harmful environmental impact on a large scale through green logistics innovation., There are however difficulties for 4PLs to innovate in green logistics.  Purpose – This paper investigates how 4PLs generate and manage green logistics innovation. It also explores what drivers and barriers there are for developing green logistics innovation.  Method – This paper is based on a single case study that uses CIMO logic in the theoretical framework to thoroughly explore and clarify the area of green logistic innovation among 4PLs. Semi structured interviews and a questionnaire were constructed as the main source for gathering empirical evidence.   Results – The case company provided evidence for how 4PLs innovate by being close to their suppliers and customers and finding new opportunities for green logistics innovation. Drivers and barriers are also identified for green logistics innovation.  Conclusions – The study shows how 4PLs can manage and generate innovations as well as create their own playing field by developing competence for new areas of business, enlarging the boundaries for 4PLs to innovate in. The study also shows the importance of considering the goods as a factor in green logistics (particularly reverse logistics).

To enable future environmentally friendly access to space by means of solid rocket propulsion a viable replacement to the hazardous ammonium perchlorate oxidizer is needed. Ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is one of few such compounds currently known. Unfortunately compatibility issues with many polymer binder systems and unexplained solid-state behavior have thus far hampered the development of ADN-based propellants. Chapters one, two and three offer a general introduction to the thesis, and into relevant aspects of quantum chemistry and polymer chemistry. Chapter four of this thesis presents extensive quantum chemical and spectroscopic studies that explain much of ADN’s anomalous reactivity, solid-state behavior and thermal stability. Polarization of surface dinitramide anions has been identified as the main reason for the decreased stability of solid ADN, and theoretical models have been developed to explain and predict the solid-state stability of general dinitramide salts. Experimental decomposition characteristics for ADN, such as activation energy and decomposition products, have been explained for different physical conditions. The reactivity of ADN towards many chemical groups is explained by ammonium-mediated conjugate addition reactions. It is predicted that ADN can be stabilized by changing the surface chemistry with additives, for example by using hydrogen bond donors, and by trapping radical intermediates using suitable amine-functionalities. Chapter five presents several conceptual green energetic materials (GEMs), including different pentazolate derivatives, which have been subjected to thorough theoretical studies. One of these, trinitramide (TNA), has been synthesized and characterized by vibrational and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Finally, chapter six covers the synthesis of several polymeric materials based on polyoxetanes, which have been tested for compatibility with ADN. Successful formation of polymer matrices based on the ADN-compatible polyglycidyl azide polymer (GAP) has been demonstrated using a novel type of macromolecular curing agent. In light of these results further work towards ADN-propellants is strongly encouraged.
QC 20101103

Ziel des Projekts Green eBusiness ist es, auf der einen Seite bestehende Hemmnisse für umweltfreundliche Beschaffung in Unternehmen zu ergründen und auf der anderen Seite daraus Anforderungen an eBusiness Konzeptionen abzuleiten, die diese erfüllen müssen, um solche Hemmnisse abzubauen bzw. deren Entstehung zu vermeiden. Daher wird ein Modell zur Identifikation und Bewertung bestehender Hemmnisse im Beschaffungsprozess von Unternehmen entwickelt, das die Gründe der bisherigen Marktdurchdringung umweltfreundlicher Produkte und Dienstleistungen erklären soll. Hierzu wird die im Rahmen des abgeschlossenen EU-Projektes RELIEF - Environmental relief potential of urban action on avoidance and detoxification of waste streams through green public procurement entwickelte Hemmnisanalyse angewendet, um in den 500 größten deutschen Unternehmen Hemmnisse für umweltfreundliche Beschaffung zu identifizieren und zu bewerten. Ein zweiter Teil der empirischen Studie befasst sich mit der Nutzung elektronischer Medien zur Unterstützung von Beschaffungsprozessen. In diesem Bereich werden Anwendungsgewohnheiten, Anwendungshäufigkeiten sowie eventuell in den Unternehmen existierende Hemmnisse untersucht. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen dieser Hemmnisanalyse sollen auf Basis von Szenarien eBusiness-Konzeptionen (weiter-)entwickelt werden, die geeignet sind, die identifizierten Hemmnisse zu überwinden.

The Building is a combination of a green house and multi familyhousing building. The building´s courtyard is transformed in to a winter garden and creates an climate controlled environment with exotic vegitation blooming all year around. The courtyard is working as an extra livingroom with nice public walks in different levels were people can relax, exercise and socialise. The heat generated from the winter garden can be reused and recycled in to the floor slabs. It can also be deposited into the ground under the garden creating a climate smart heating system. One important aspect when drawing the plans was to give all the apartments a private space inside the wintergarden. I created plans where the allocation of the garden is equal. the private space is located on the second floor in the duplex apartments but some apartments only consist of one level and some extra care went in to making a private space for them too. The winter garden not only allows people to watch the trees and plants it also gives them the possibility to grow there own food on the private balcony and  just outside the kitchen window. Having plants outside the kitchen blocks the view from people passing by on the public promenade.
Byggnaden är en kombination av ett växthus och ett flerbostadshus. Byggnadens innergår har ett glastak som som möjliggör ett controllerat climat med växter som blommar året runt. innergården fungerar som ett extra vardagsrum med trevliga promenader i olika nivåer där människor kan träna, socialisera eller bara slapna av och njuta naturen. Värmen som genereras av den inglasade gården kan återanvändas och pupmas in i bjälklagen och marken under gården vilket skapar ett klimatsmart uppvärmningssystem.  en viktig aspekt när jag ritade planerna var att ge alla lägenheter ett privat rum inne i gården. Jag skapade planer där anspråket av gården var så lika som möjligt. Det privata rummet är placerat på övervåningen i etage lägenheterna men några lägenheter har bara ett plan vilket ledde till några special lösningar för att skapa ett avgränsat rum för dem också. Den ingalsade gården erbjuder inte bara en vacker miljö med växter och träd, det finns även möjlighet att odla sia egna frukter och grönsaker på den privata balkongen samt utanför köksfönstret. Planteringen av högre växter utanför fönstret kan skydda insynen från grannar som går förbi på den publika prommenaden.

The Green Bond market in Sweden is still relatively new and the first companies to issue these new financial products in Sweden were companies on the real estate market. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the characteristic that makes a Green Bond different to other Bonds and to understand why this product is of interest to investors and issuers. Furthermore we try to estimate the future for this financial product. This descriptive study on Green Bonds at the real estate market derives from economic theories on capital structure, Greenwashing, CSR, environmental certification of buildings and interviews with prominent individuals within this field. We have limited our field of study to Swedish real estate companies that have issued Green Bonds to answer the research questions. A Green Bond does not different from an ordinary Bond, so what makes this product unique is the framework that states that the money should be invested in projects that lowers climate impact. The Swedish real estate companies who have issued Green Bonds recognized a great demand for their products. One reason behind this great demand among investors is that they don’t need to give up yield on their investment and at the same time receive positive reactions from the society when investing in these products. To avoid the risks of Greeenwashing the invested money must be traceable to projects within the framework. The Norwegian research institute CICERO plays an important role in assuring that the framework made for the Green Bods clearly states which projects the money are allowed to be spent on.
Marknaden för gröna obligationer i Sverige är fortfarande relativt ny och de företag som har varit i framkant med att emittera gröna obligationer är företag på den svenska fastighetsmarknaden. Syftet med vår uppsats är att ta reda på hur en grön obligation skiljer sig från en vanlig obligation, vilka aktörer som har intresserat sig för produkten och hur framtidsutsikterna för denna finansiella produkt ser ut. Utifrån teorier som beskriver företags kapitalstruktur, Greenwashing, CSR, miljöcertifiering av byggnader och med stöd från de tolv intervjuer som genomförts har vi genomfört en deskriptiv studie av marknaden för gröna obligationer, med avgränsning mot fastighetsbolag som emitterat denna produkt för att få svar på vårt syfte- och frågeställning. En grön obligations finansiella aspekt är direkt kopierad från en vanlig obligation, det som skiljer dem åt är att ett ramverk reglerar vilka projekt likviden får gå till. De svenska fastighetsbolagen som emitterat gröna obligationer har mött en hög efterfrågan på produkten och har inte haft problem med att få in kapital för att miljöcertifiera sina fastigheter. En orsak till det stora intresset för produkten är att investerare inte behöver göra avkall på avkastningen på investeringen, samtidigt som både emittenter och investerare hamnar i ett positivt sammanhang när produkten emitteras. För att inte riskera att konceptet urvattnas och att likviden inte går till projekt som bidrar till en sänkt klimatpåverkan ställs höga krav på de inblandade parterna. Därför spelar det norska forskningsinstitutet CICERO en viktig roll vars uppgift är att granska det ramverk som reglerar vilka projekt likviden får gå till.

El presente proyecto se ha llevado a cabo con la finalidad de ofrecer un producto que brinde una experiencia con la naturaleza agradable y entretenida. El kit de siembra, será un producto diferenciado que incentive al consumo de alimentos orgánicos y saludables, aprenderán a cosechar y cultivar en casa. Es una nueva opción para las empresas que desean mejorar la imagen corporativa en el rubro ecológico. El plan de marketing, se enfoca principalmente en utilizar una estrategia de marketing B2C mediante ferias y ventas online para particulares atendiendo una necesidad no cubierta. El segundo segmento utilizará la estrategia B2B, dirigida a empresas interesadas en resolver necesidades específicas como la mejora de una imagen ecológica. Se busca el posicionamiento de la marca y el cumplimiento de los objetivos proyectados. La gestión de RRHH está enfocada en atraer candidatos calificados, capaces de desarrollar las competencias exigidas, se ofrecerá un buen clima laboral dentro de la corporación buscando el compromiso sostenible de los colaboradores con la empresa. El plan de operaciones establecerá actividades, procesos y políticas claves enfocado en cumplir el lead time y un adecuado relacionamiento con los proveedores reforzando la calidad del producto. En el plan financiero, se estima una proyección a tres años, la inversión inicial será de S/.70,913.00 aportada por los accionistas y nuevos inversores. El PRI se estima que será en un año.
The present project has been carried out in order to offer a product that provides an enjoyable and entertaining nature experience. The seeding kit will be a differentiated product that encourages the consumption of organic and healthy foods, each person will learn how to harvest and grow at home. In addition, it is a new option for companies that want to improve the corporate image in the ecological field. The marketing plan focuses mainly on using a B2C marketing strategy through fairs and online sales for individuals attending a need not covered. In the second segment, the B2B strategy will be used, aimed at companies interested in solving specific needs such as the improvement of an ecological image. The company look for the positioning of the brand and the fulfillment of the projected objectives. HR management is focused on attracting qualified candidates capable of developing the skills required by the company, maintaining a good working environment within the corporation, seeking the sustainable commitment of the employees with the company. The operations plan establishes a series of activities, processes and key policies for the business focused on meeting the lead time and the appropriate relationship with the suppliers, reinforcing the quality of the product. In the financial plan, a projection is estimated at three years, the initial investment will be S/.70,913.00 contributed by the shareholders and new investors. The PIR is estimated to be one year.
Trabajo de investigación

Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning; and, (S.M. in Real Estate Development)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, Center for Real Estate, 2006.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-83).
Green development has received much attention over the past decade, with the greatest interest coming from designers. However, the development and investment communities have been slower to adopt green principles, and the author claims that this hesitancy is related to an information gap around the costs and benefits of green building. When researchers do quantify cost or value differentials, they do it on a case study basis. By focusing on a few extraordinary examples that are ultimately placeless, these case studies create an information gap between the extraordinary performance of a few buildings (what is possible) and the ordinary performance of a typical green building (what is expected). Through the development of a simple real estate market model, the author argues that information on what is expected drives decision making in real estate, and market-based studies that are segmented by place and product type would provide more pertinent information to these industry players. If green buildings create greater value over a building's lifecycle, then green building owners should expect superior returns over time. However, no one has tested this hypothesis for a particular real estate market with a large number of green buildings. To that end, the author develops a methodology that could be used to complete such a study.
This methodology is then tested on the market for green single-family homes in the Austin, Texas metro area. The author finds that homes rated as green by the Austin Green Building Program sell at a 9-10% price premium over unrated homes (further research by the author has shown that this premium is likely related to a spatial concentration of green homes in high cost areas and not due to the green rating).
by William B. Bradshaw, II.
S.M.in Real Estate Development
M.C.P.

My thesis project investigates the potential behind the integration of agricultural practices and living spaces. Combining advanced urban farming methods embedded in a residential context allows for the symbiosis of a typically urban lifestyle with highly efficient food production. The use ol building materials fully derived from renewable sources aims to apply concepts of circular economy in order to find an effective solution to the currently unsustainable building industry, still oriented towards traditional materials.

La presente investigación sustenta la viabilidad del Proyecto Empresarial Green Smoothie que ha identificado un atractivo modelo de negocio basado en la elaboración y comercialización de jugos batidos denominados Smoothies, los cuáles constan de frutas, verduras, hielo y sus complementos, tales como: yogurt griego, leche de almendras, entre otros. Las combinaciones fueron elaboradas de acuerdo a las preferencias del consumidor peruano y validadas por un nutricionista especializado. De acuerdo a la tendencia actual, en Green Smoothie nos preocupamos por el bienestar, la comida sana, la valorización de las propiedades del consumo de frutas y vegetales; pensando además en nuestro mercado operativo, el distrito de San Isidro en donde podemos ubicar a ejecutivos, empleados y vecinos del distrito quienes muestran interés en nuestro producto por lo recabado en los estudios previos realizados. Nuestra propuesta es innovadora y por las propiedades nutritivas que presenta es capaz de reemplazar un almuerzo de comida rápida quienes se veían obligados a consumir nuestro público objetivo por la falta de opciones como la nuestra, hoy en día Green Smoothie ofrece bienestar. Se tiene previsto que el consumo promedio por persona será de 1.5 batidos semanales, lo que representa al mes 7100 Smoothies promedio al mes durante el primer año con una participación inicial del 6% y un incremento en ventas en el orden del 10% anual. Finalmente podemos decir que nuestro proyecto es viable en términos financieros obteniendo una VAN de 232,122 y un TIR de 118%.
The present research supports the viability of the Green Smoothie Business Project that has identified an attractive business model based on the preparation and commercialization of smoothies called Smoothies, which consist of fruits, vegetables, ice and its complements, such as: Greek yogurt, almond milk, among others. The combinations were elaborated according to the preferences of the Peruvian consumer and validated by a specialized nutritionist. According to the current trend, in Green Smoothie we care about the well-being, the healthy food, the valorization of the properties of the consumption of fruits and vegetables; also thinking in our operating market, the district of San Isidro where we can locate executives, employees and residents of the district who show interest in our product for what was collected in previous studies. Our proposal is innovative and because of the nutritional properties it presents, it is capable of replacing a fasto food lunch, which was forced to consume our target audience due to the lack of options like ours, nowadays Green Smoothie offers well-being. It is expected that the average consumption per person will be 1.5 shakes per week, which represents the month 7100 Smoothies average per month during the first year with an initial share of 6% and an increase in sales in the order of 10% per year. Finally, we can say that our project is viable in financial terms obtaining a NPV of 232,122 and a TIR of the 118%
Trabajo de investigación

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Design e Expressão Gráfica.
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Principalmente a partir dos anos noventa, as discussões ligadas às questões ambientais provocaram um crescimento acentuado no número de entidades voltadas para esta temática (ONGs, projetos, programas, comissões, comitês etc.). Porém, este incremento também contribuiu para agravar a competição pelos recursos financeiros disponíveis, utilizados por essas instituições em todo mundo. Para driblar esta concorrência, principalmente entre entidades ambientalistas de pequeno porte, torna-se necessário um diferencial agregado na hora da captação de recursos. Uma proposta eficiente estaria em uma bem elaborada gestão de marca da ONG ambientalista, apoiada principalmente em seus ideais. Desta forma, o estudo aborda uma nova vertente no uso da gestão de marcas ambientalistas, a green branding, além de abordar a participação do design gráfico na promoção de marcas de ONGs localizadas no estado de Santa Catarina envolvidas com ações ambientais. Para isto, o presente estudo foi caracterizado como qualitativo com abordagem descritiva, utilizando-se de duas estratégias metodológicas distintas: pesquisa bibliográfica, que auxiliou na compreensão do universo abordado e seu atual estado; e levantamento das ONGs ambientalistas de Santa Catarina, caracterizada pelo questionamento do público-alvo. Os resultados alcançados, através da literatura consultada, demonstraram que a green branding ainda é pouco conhecida. Este fato levou a discussões sobre sua aplicabilidade através da complementação de conceitos já existentes para a gestão de marca. Para a participação do design gráfico nesta gestão de marcas ambientalistas, foi observado que seu uso pode ser uma ferramenta diferencial na composição de uma imagem corporativa forte. Duas formas apresentadas para colaborarem com este objetivo, estão no desenvolvimento de sua identidade visual, e no uso de metodologias adequadas que envolvem a produção ecologicamente correta dos produtos utilizados na divulgação. Com relação aos resultados obtidos com o questionamento das ONGs ambientalistas de Santa Catarina, foi observado que não há um uso apropriado de uma gestão de marca ou mesmo do design gráfico como ferramenta para a promoção destas instituições. Contudo, foram constatados fatores que favorecem uma mudança deste cenário, o que propicia um campo promissor para a introdução da green branding como metodologia para a gestão de marcas e do uso do design gráfico na promoção de ONGs ambientalistas. Specially from the 90#s on, discussions over environmental subjects started an accentuated growth in the number of entities devoted to this theme (NGOs, projects, programs, commissions, committees, etc.). However, this increment also contributed to intensify the competition for the available funding by these institutions worldwide. To overcome this competition, mainly among small-size environmental organizations, it becomes necessary to stand out when searching for resources. An efficient proposal would consider an especially elaborated brand administration of the environmentalist NGO's, supported by their ideals. In that way, this study approaches a new way in the use of the administration of environmentalist brands, the green branding, besides the role of the graphic design in the promotion of brands from environmentalist NGOs. This way, the present study is characterized as qualitative using a descriptive approach, applying two different methodological strategies: bibliographical research, which helped understanding the universe under study and current state; and the assessment of environmentalist NGOs at the state of Santa Catarina, characterized by the interrogation of the aimed public. The results reached through the available literature, showed that the green branding is still poorly known, leading to discussions over its applicability through the completion of concepts already known for the brand administration. For the participation of the graphic design in this administration of environmentalist brands, it was observed that its use can be a stand out tool in the composition of a strong corporate image. The two ways presented to collaborate with this objective are the development of visual identity and the use of appropriate methodologies which involve the production of ecologically correct products used in publicity. Regarding the results of the studied environmentalist NGOs, it was observed that there is no right use of a brand administration nor even of the graphic design as a tool for the promotion of these institutions. However, some observed factors favor a change of this scenery, that shows a promising field of opportunities for the introduction of the green branding as a methodology for the administration of brands and the use of the graphic design in the promotion of environmentalist NGOs.

In 1881 an assassin's bullet changes the course of American history. Could it be that Julia Sand was the only one to foresee the destiny of the country? Familiar with now President Arthur's exclusionary politics, Julia writes and urges the President to reform his ways and unite the Republican Party. Great Emergencies is a stage play about the lavish dangers of The Gilded Age, but ultimately a cautionary tale about those of us whose voices are doomed to be forgotten because of the ephemeral and apathetic nature of human history.

How is nature conceived today, a generation into the environmental movement? Many contemporary artists grapple with how to reconcile our inheritance of both a precarious natural world and the culture that created it. My work investigates the subtle intricacies of our relationship with nature. I use photography to develop a way of seeing that points to the often-unnoticed nature in front of us. In particular, my work recognizes and re-imagines nature's deep connections in the context of our ecologically changed world.

Green Relationship is a design solution attempting to raise awareness toward the environment and reduce consumerism. Waste generation and pollution have become major concerns of many governments, municipalities, organizations and individuals around the world since they are affecting human wellbeing and the environment. As an MFA student with VCUQatar, I chose to use design to contribute in protecting the environment hoping to make a difference in life. The thesis includes a research and a design component. The research explores the recycling programs and facilities in Qatar, the governmental and private sector actions toward waste generation and collection, as well as precedent solutions applied around the world. Furthermore, it includes a survey on recycling to gather and analyze the community’s feed back in order to come up with a solution that aims to change people’s behavior toward waste generation and to promote green lifestyle. The design component defines the Green Relationship as the personal connection between the individual and the silent partner, “the environment.” It fulfills the basic survival needs, “food and water,” and the one and only independency need, “oxygen.” The elements of the Green Relationship are the projection of the generic relationships elements we know of through the theory of “Humimicing” that I introduce in my thesis. Humimicing is the design theory that mimics human innate attributes and behaviors to develop design concepts to be applied in different industries. Every element of the Green Relationship is visualized through a different design discipline similar to its nature. Therefore, interactive, product and critical designs are the mediums used to represent Green Communication, Care and Ethics respectively through public installation, experimentation and conceptual design definition. The thesis methodology, which is “Make it Personal,” concludes in creating the Green Relationship that aims to change the behavior of individuals and ultimately to reach out to the wider community. Under the maxim, “Green is not just a color; it is a Lifestyle,” the thesis promotes the use of design to inspire people, designers and manufacturers to consume less and generate less waste in order to save natural resources and the environment.

The thesis acquaints readers with the basic ideas of a new trend in marketing -- green marketing. It points out its particularities, historical evolution and potential application, including warning about common mistakes. The thesis aspires to bring an overview of the topic.

Green Ideas is a work of approximately sixty minutes duration scored for two violins, viola, cello, double bass, electric guitar, piano, and drum kit. It presents musical portraits of some of the vocalizations made by infants in their first two years. Phonetic, prosaic, inflective, tonal, semantic, and interactional elements of early communication are abstracted and used for musical inspiration. The work employs varied degrees of composition and improvisation in its six sections, with each section focusing on a single component of early language emergence.
Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate

Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Administración
Alejandra Sánchez [Parte I], Rolando Pasquel [Parte II]
La industria de alimentos, además de ser bastante amplia, está conformada por un mercado de tamaño muy atractivo; pero para participar en esta exitosamente las empresas deben ajustarse a las tendencias de consumo que van surgiendo, de manera que puedan llegar exitosamente al cliente final. Hoy en día estas tendencias muestran que para los próximos años las personas estarán más interesadas en productos que hagan sus vidas menos complicadas, que sean fáciles de consumir y que a su vez tengan fuertes características saludables pues serán altamente valorados, teniendo este mercado un crecimiento de hasta 16% en los últimos años. Es por esto que Green Snack, tomando en cuenta este giro hacia un estilo de vida más saludable, ha decidido participar de esta industria exclusivamente en el área de snacks o refrigerios saludables utilizando como canal de distribución inicial las máquinas dispensadoras o “vendings” en aquellos lugares donde las personas pasan gran parte de su día, como universidades y empresas, lo que le permitirá estar muy cerca a su cliente ahorrándole tiempo de búsqueda al mismo; la empresa sostendrá una propuesta de valor para diferenciarse de los 2 actuales competidores identificados, que promete productos saludables y cercanía que se logrará por su distinción en la cualidad saludable en sus snacks y sus procesos logísticos que permiten recibir productos del proveedor, asegurar su calidad, distribuir y mantener siempre disponible productos en sus puntos de contacto con el cliente. La empresa pretende llegar a estudiantes y/o colaboradores en la ciudad de Panamá, entre los 18 y 50 años, que comen snacks 3 o más veces por semana y disponen de poco tiempo libre por sus apretadas agendas; a estas se les ofrecerán productos frescos hechos exclusivamente para la marca Green Snack, entre ellos: emparedados en pan integral, bolitas energéticas sin azúcar, granola, galletas dulces, entre otros bajos en calorías, azucares y preservantes. Lo antes mencionado permite tener un cálculo aproximado del tamaño de mercado al cual se apunta que sería de $8, 888, 443 USD anuales; en donde inicialmente tendrá 10 máquinas ubicadas con un plan de crecimiento que propone 30 máquinas en operación al año 5; para esto se requiere una inversión inicial de cerca de $129,000.00 USD el cual se pretende obtener de capital por parte de 4 socios iniciales dueños de acciones emitidas con un valor de $0.01 USD. Esta propuesta de inversión se considera atractiva basándose en las proyecciones realizadas por el equipo gestor las cuales, con una estrategia de financiación por medio de capital propio sin la necesidad de entidades terceras como bancos, apuntan a un VAN positivo de $ 352,644.00 y una TIR de 41.3% prometiendo retornos mayores a los vistos en el mercado y bajo la comparación con una tasa de descuento de 14.59%.
La oportunidad de negocio para Green Snacks, dedicada a la venta de snacks saludables, nace de las tendencias de las exigencias de una sociedad encaminada a un estilo de vida y alimentación más saludables, donde Innova Markets Insights presenta que las tendencias para el año 2014 y 2015, serán de alimentos con mayor carácter nutritivo y que sean más fáciles de consumir. De acuerdo a las encuestas realizadas por el equipo de Green Snacks, brindando mayor soporte a la existencia de una oportunidad de negocio, se estudió que el 84% de los encuestados consumen snacks entre comidas, teniendo un 60% de estos que consumen snacks mínimo 3 veces por semana y presentan una clara preocupación por la salud y lo que ingieren. Esta preocupación conlleva a un aumento de la disposición a pagar por la valoración positiva que encuentran los consumidores en productos saludables, encontrando según el estudio de mercado realizado que para productos como emparedados y ensaladas, entre otros, un 40% de las personas pagaría entre 2 y 3 dólares permitiendo a Green Snacks cobrar un 50% más por sus productos que el promedio de máquinas de snacks convencionales. El modelo de negocio de Green Snacks, utilizando como principal canal de venta máquinas dispensadoras, fue presentado a los encuestados y percibieron muchos beneficios en cuanto al ahorro de tiempo y disponibilidad a mano de productos que mejoren su calidad de vida, y es por esto que Green Snacks aprovecha para entregarles productos saludables en los lugares donde pasan la mayor cantidad del día que son universidades y oficinas. Es por lo expuesto anteriormente que se visualiza una gran oportunidad de negocio en Green Snacks, basadas en las tendencias de consumo de la sociedad y en el estudio de mercado local realizado, esperando entregar valor tanto como para los consumidores como para la empresa. Se puede encontrar en mayor detalle la descripción de la oportunidad de negocios en la Parte I del Plan de Negocios de Green Snacks

Dissertação de Mestrado em Design, com a especialização em Comunicação apresentada na Faculdade de Arquitetura da Universidade de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre.
Atualmente, metade da população mundial (55%) habita em centros urbanos, em 2050 estima-se que aumente para dois terços (68%). Estes espaços ocupam apenas 3% da superfície do planeta, mas consomem 75% dos recursos naturais. Em 2016 entrou em vigor a resolução da Organização das Nações Unidas (onu) intitulada “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, como base para um plano de ação para as pessoas e o planeta prosperarem. A mais recente Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Mudanças Climáticas (cop 21) explorou soluções para enfrentar as consequências do aquecimento global e traçou objetivos globais de redução de gases de efeito estufa. O turismo, uma atividade em crescimento, é parte deste problema global. Gera riqueza e poluição tendo impacto em fenómenos que ameaçam o futuro do planeta: as alterações climáticas, o consumo excessivo, o desperdício de plástico, a perda de biodiversidade, a sobrecarga das cidades, o uso de combustíveis fósseis, o consumo energético. Daí a importância cada vez maior de um turismo sustentável. O presente projeto de investigação pretende, através do design, contribuir para a criação e promoção de um novo negócio, nesta área com forte potencial de crescimento – o turismo. Materializa-se através da participação numa ideia de negócio, apoiando o seu desenvolvimento desde o início, assumindo a dimensão estratégica que o design pode ter, não só na construção da comunicação mas também no desenvolvimento e concretização da própria ideia e do seu financiamento. Esta investigação surgiu da identificação de uma oportunidade de negócio, numa área que tem apresentado um interesse crescente por parte do público. Estudou-se o mercado e o contexto onde este negócio se pode desenvolver e ainda o interesse das visitas aos espaços verdes pois eles corporizam a estratégia ambiental das cidades modernas e contam grande parte da sua história. Sem árvores as cidades seriam muito diferentes. Partindo de uma metodologia de base qualitativa, efetuou-se uma investigação de carácter teórico, através da revisão da literatura dos campos investigativos: Turismo e Design de Comunicação. Assim, desenvolveu-se um enquadramento teórico capaz de impulsionar e direcionar a componente projetual. Numa segunda fase, procedeu-se à análise de casos de estudo, compreendendo o modo como negócios internacionais, que exploram o mesmo nicho, se apresentam e divulgam a sua oferta. De seguida, foram analisados fatores relacionados com a implementação do projeto: análise swot, caracterização do público-alvo, identificação de potenciais concorrentes. Esta investigação, resulta na materialização de um projeto singular que pretende atuar num nicho de mercado, explorando e valorizando jardins e espaços verdes urbanos. Propondo dar a conhecer a história e a vida das cidades, através dos seus jardins, quer tenham centenas de anos ou menos de uma década. Despertando o interesse para o ‘verde’ – Green Eye.
ABSTRACT: Today, half of the world’s population (55%) live in urban centers, it is estimated to increase to two-thirds (68%) by 2050. Although they consume 75% of natural resources, these areas occupy only 3% of the earth’s surface. In 2016, United Nations Organization’s resolution called “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” came into force as a foundation for a plan of action so that the planet and man could prosper. United Nations’ most recent conference about climate changes (cop 21) explored solutions to deal with global warming consequences and set worldwide goals in order to reduce greenhouse gases. Tourism is part of this problem . A growing activity which generates wealth and pollution. Tourism has positive aspects, however, it also has an impact on phenomena that threaten the future of the planet: climate change, excessive consumption, plastic waste, loss of biodiversity, the overburden of cities, use of fossil fuels, energy consumption, discharges. That is why having sustainable tourism is increasingly important. Resorting to design, this research project intends to contribute to the creation and promotion of a new business, in an area with strong growth potential – tourism . It is materialized through participation in a business idea, supporting its development from the beginning. Assuming the strategic dimension that design can have, not only in the construction of communication but also in the development and implementation of the idea itself and its financing. This research emerged from the identification of a business opportunity, in an area that has shown a growing interest by the public. The market and the context, where this business can be developed, were studied. The interest of the visits to the green spaces was also studied because they embody the environmental strategy of modern cities and they tell much of their history (and of their own stories). From a qualitative methodology, a theoretical investigation was carried out, through the literature review of the research fields: Tourism and Communication Design. Thus, a theoretical framework capable of boosting and directing the project component has been developed. In a second phase, case studies were analyzed, including the way in which international businesses, which explore the same niche, present themselves and disseminate their offer. Next, we analyzed factors related to project implementation: swot analysis, characterization of target audience and identification of potential competitors. As a result of this research, we have accomplish a singular project that intends to operate in a market niche, exploring and valuing gardens and green spaces in the city. Proposing to introduce the history and life of cities, through their gardens, whether they have hundreds of years or less than a decade. Awakening interest for the ‘green’ — Green Eye.
N/A

With the rapid urbanization process around the world, especially in China, the new town planning seems like a wise choice to handle the urgent demands from increasing urban population and economic growth. But China stepped into an incredible new towns growth, the massive and rapid development of new town result in hundreds of empty and ghost towns. As the developing pace of the new town plan the situation will be worse and worse. I have study 8 most famous empty town and chose Chenggong as the designing site. The government was played a great expectation on Chenggong new town. However looking at the facts of the empty town Chenggong, even though it has already been built for 11 years, there is still less people. The condition is still serious and it is impossible to have a great plan without caring about the people already living in the site. We have to strengthen communities and ensure a safer, stronger and smarter development. Therefore, creating a green way comes to the core strategy of the design. The main idea is to shift the focus from constructing the entirely new to the local residents and existing environment. The design looks at creating an integrated green network for the whole town making it as a new green infrastructure to achieve the multifunction. Diverse design elements has been used response to the 4 kinds of typical sites. All of those aim to form a good community and improve the living environment. The detail design sites is a sequence of “centre park”, “civic plaza”, “farm market”, “river front park” just like a chain from urban to rural. Meanwhile retrofit the edge of the channel into a more natural friendly area. The goal is to shift the focus from entire new to the existing community. Through developing the growing green way to form a good community.
published_or_final_version
Architecture
Master
Master of Landscape Architecture

Piscivorous birds are an integrated part of lake and coastline ecosystems. Despite decades of research it is yet unclear what influence fish eating birds have on the fish community. The aim of this literature study was to focus on how two fish eating birds, Great Cormorant and Great Crested Grebe, influence the fish community in shallow and eutrophic lakes. Different types of analysis methods have been used when doing research on the subject, including pellet analysis, stomach content analysis, tagging of fishes by “PIT”-techniques and analysis by observation. Results show that conclusions by studies tend to vary, but generally higher bird density, lower water temperature and a relatively high turbidity contribute to a higher influence on the fish community. Both bird species are opportunistic in their choice of food and catch prey of the species that occur locally. Both species also limit themselves in the prey size, but the choice vary over seasons because of water temperature and the birds requirements in association with breeding and migration. The significant level of influence seems to be when predation is conducted on younger and smaller fishes. The influence on the fish size can also be indirect, where predation on smaller individuals prevent fishes from becoming older and bigger. As studies tend to deviate in conclusion, no general answer to this issue can be given at present. Comprehensive research with several years of full control over both fish-and bird population is needed to find the proper conclusion.

Orientador: Joaquim Brasil Fontes Junior
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação
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Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo, as deusas gregas virgens, Ártemis, Atena e Héstia, é demarcar a existência e a significação especial dessas deusas no mundo arcaico grego frente à posição ocupada por Afrodite, como representação do desejo. O sistema mítico prevê a questão do desejo articulada ao 'poder', conforme evidenciam as reflexões feitas a partir do corpus selecionado: as obras de Homero, de Hesíodo e os Hinos Homéricos referentes às deusas virgens e a Afrodite. A metodologia que orienta esta pesquisa segue uma linha antropológica comparativa, incluindo autores como Geertz e Detienne, com enfoque no uso e na significação da linguagem da produção escrita dos rapsodos gregos. O conceito de virgindade é direcionado pelo conceito de desejo e parece necessário que se considerem as propriedades e os atributos de Afrodite para definir as deusas gregas virgens, que fruem "de um outro modo de desejo e de poder". Esse aspecto nos faz refletir sobre uma sociedade patriarcal e as formas de independência feminina como instância de compromisso sócio-político, bem como sobre a manutenção de uma tradição herdada da grande mãe (Magna Mater) e das Amazonas. Uma possível indicação, a partir desses dados, é que o Cristianismo procurou dar continuidade a esse aspecto de gênero que promove a civilização e a organização da sociedade, através da figura da 'madre', como elemento de significação cultural.
Abstract: The aim of this study which focuses on the Virgin Greek goddesses, Artemis, Athene and Hestia, is to stress the existence and the special meaning of those goddesses in the archaic Greek world, compared with Aphrodite's position as a representative of 'desire'. The mythical system comprises the matter of desire linked to the meaning of "power", according to the evidence of reflections made from the corpus selected, Homer's and Hesiod's works and the Homeric Hymns referring to the virgin goddesses and Aphrodite. The methodology that orients this paper follows authors such as Geertz and Detienne, focusing on the use and meaning of the language in the written production of the Greek rapsodes. The concept of virginity is directed by the concept of desire, and it is necessary to consider Aphrodite's properties and attributes to define the virgin Greek goddesses who have another form of desire and power. That aspect brings up considerations on a patriarchal society and ways of feminine independence as a means of socialpolitical commitment, as well as on the maintenance of a tradition inherited from the Great Mother and the Amazons. One possible direction arising from the above facts is that Christianity tried to give sequence to this aspect of gender which promotes civilization and the organization of society, by way of the 'mater figure', as an element of cultural significance.
Mestrado
Educação, Conhecimento, Linguagem e Arte
Mestre em Educação

Master thesis in marketing, 15 credits, School of business and economics, Linnaeus University, Växjö, 4FE02E, spring 2011 Author: Emma Johansson Tutor: Åsa Devine Title: Build it green – To create entry barriers with green marketing Background: In the beginning of the 21st century sustainability have become of higher importance for companies. One tool to manage sustainability is green marketing; an approach through which companies can gain competitive advantage. But is it possible to influence the market structure by using green marketing and is it possible to make it difficult for new actors to enter the market? Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate how companies can use green marketing to create entry barriers. Delimitations: This thesis is delimited to investigate the work of creating entry barriers, not to measure the effect of it. Furthermore the empirical research only includes companies on the Swedish market. Method: To investigate how companies use green marketing in relation to entry barriers today a quantitative approach was used and an electronic questionnaire was conducted. Conclusion: For established companies to protect their position on the market it is important to not only concentrate on the barriers most commonly related to green marketing. Rather green companies can establish a wide spectrum of barriers related to green marketing in order to make it more difficult for new entrants to establish themselves. Suggestions for further research: The next step to make within the field of green marketing as a barrier to entry is to investigate the effect of the barriers examined in this research. It is also necessary to do industry specific researches to investigate if some barriers are more important for certain industries. Keywords: Entry barriers, environmental commitment, green entry barriers, green marketing, strategic barriers to entry, structural barriers to entry, sustainability.

碩士
中國文化大學
國際企業管理學系
100
This study on the consumer to disseminate the questionnaire to collect quantitative data through SPSS statistical software analysis for household appliances (such as: re-frigerators, air conditioners, washing machines) and other government-approved envi-ronmental protection and energy saving mark products, explore the green brand image , the relationship between green credentials, and green purchase intention and found that, if the company has a positive green brand image will indeed be a positive influence consumers 'green credentials further affect consumers' green purchase intention.

Esta tese sugere uma interpretação histórica das Meras no quadro da religião grega, a partir dos cultos a elas dedicados. Esta opção contrasta com um debate dominado por estudos em torno de moira e concepções de fatalidade na cultura grega, fundamentalmente abordados a partir dos Poemas Homéricos. Ao longo desta tese, defendemos que a caracterização tradicional das Meras como «divindades do Destino» é insuficiente e pode indicar um problema conceptual relevante para a historiografia. Em nossa opinião, os cultos permitem-nos reapreciar as narrativas mitológicas que envolviam a tríade e propor uma síntese alternativa que reavalia o lugar destas divindades menores na História da religião grega. Para colmatar a relativa rarefacção documental para o estudo das Meras, usámos variados tipos de fontes, embora limitados, no que respeita aos cultos em análise, ao espaço da Grécia continental, insular, e da costa ocidental da Ásia Menor. Foram privilegiados os documentos mais prolíferos na referenciação dos fenómenos de culto, práticas rituais, narrativas mitológicas e crenças sobre as divindades. Percebe-se, todavia, uma inevitável sobre-representatividade de Pausânias como testemunho nestas matérias, um autor que julgamos ter deixado uma recolha algo mediada pelas suas convicções, preferências e cepticismo no que respeitava ao poder das Meras.
This thesis aims to present a historical interpretation of the Moirai in Ancient Greek Religion starting from what we know of their cult. This choice differs strongly from the majority of works on the subject, that have been focused on moira and fate in Greek culture, particularly in Homer. Throughout this thesis we propose that the traditional definition of the Moirai as «goddesses of Fate» is an insufficient characterization and might signalize a more concerning conceptual problem in historiography. We have found that the cults allow us to rethink the various mythological narratives related to the Moirai as well as propose an alternative reading of their place as minor divinities in the history of Greek Religion. In order to overcome the relative lack of documentation for the study of these goddesses, we made use of a variety of different sources, albeit limited, when related to cult, to the areas of continental and insular Greece, and the western coast of Asia Minor. Source material related to myth, ritual, ancient beliefs and the cults themselves was privileged for our analysis but, however, there is an inevitable overrepresentation of Pausanias' testimony which, in our opinion, might be somewhat mediated by his own belief, preferences and bias against the goddesses when concerning himself with matters related to the Moirai in his travels.

碩士
國立中興大學
企業管理學系所
104
In recent decades, firms create environmental problems during their production, environmentalists began to exert pressure on business to minimize the environmental pollution in the production of goods and services that have required managers to improve their firms’ environmental performance. Based on Hart (1995) nature resource based view, dentifying and preventing environmental risks also allows firms to find new ways to cut operational costs, reduce consumption, re-use products and materials, or differentiate their image from that of their competitors. However, while there have been major advances in this area, little is yet known about why and how some firms are better than others at utilizing their capabilities in competitive markets to achieve superior performance. Drawing upon the nature resource-based view and capability theory of the firm, a model is developed that integrates green market orientation, green marketing capability, green innovativeness, and green innovation performance.More specifically, this study addresses two research questions: (1) to what extent can green market orientation be transformed into green innovation performance outcomes through green marketing capabilities and green innovativeness; and (2) does the green marketing capability and green innovativeness enhance green innovation performance outcomes? In contrast to many existing studies, this study is the first to model the roles of both green marketing capabilities and green innovativeness in mediating the relationship between green market orientation and green innovation performance. The validity of the model is tested based on a sample of 136 green factories certificated by bureau of energy and industrial development bureau, ministry of economic affairs and green energy industrial supply chain firms with Taiwan green classics awards. In answer to the research question, the findings show that green market orientation significantly contributes to green marketing capabilities and green innovativeness. Also, the results indicate that green market orientation works through the green marketing capabilities and green innovativenesss to influence green innovation performance. Finally, we provides the theoretical, managerial implications and suggestions for further research.

We insist upon “green space”, but the term’s vague cast brings little into focus. In this thesis I search out what it is that we look for in green space. I consider some ways, within our North American context, that we interact with it, represent it, speak about it and write about it. Drawing together evidence from a diverse range of sources in myth and mapping, poetry, classical philosophy, feminist theory, language, and personal experience, I find enigmatic but persistent geometries of desire binding us to the notion of green space. These desires for green space manifest themselves in relationships of practical dependence, imaginative dependence, violence, and love. But most of all green space is at work, wherever it emerges, at the core of our becoming-other.