Academic literature on the topic 'Great Britain Strategic aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Great Britain Strategic aspects"
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Komochkova, Olga. "Strategies of Higher Education Institutions Development in Great Britain." Comparative Professional Pedagogy 5, no. 3 (August 1, 2015): 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rpp-2015-0055.
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Abstract The current stage of higher education sector transformation in Ukraine has been indicated. The study of foreign experience, namely of Great Britain, and the use of positive aspects of such experience have been justified. Information sources of Universities UK (Universities UK Strategic Plan 2013-2018; Efficiency and Effectiveness in Higher Education: A report by the Universities UK Efficiency and Modernisation Task Group; Annual Report and Consolidated Financial Statements of UUK) and The Strategic Plan 2009-2015 of Lancaster University have been studied. Vision, mission, functions,pressing issues, strategic aims of the Strategic Plan of UUK for the next five years have been presented. The achievements of UKK for 2013-2014 in accordance with strategic aims have been outlined. The actions of the organization aimed at providing British universities with various supports have been presented. The constituents of Strategic Plan of Lancaster University for 2009-2015, namely vision, mission, sectors of development (International, Teaching, Research and Impact, Finance and Organisation, the Lancaster experience) and consequently successfully achieved results have been presented. Positive aspects of British experience in strategic development of higher education institutions have been defined. Perspectives for further researches in this area have been outlined.
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Sigachev, M., and S. Arteev. ""A Disunited Kingdom": the Muslim Diaspora of Great Britain in Scientific Discussion." World Economy and International Relations 65, no. 8 (2021): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2021-65-8-120-130.
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The present world is characterized by the growth of conflicts. Dividing lines and fractures are increasingly appearing in societies. Migration reinforces such phenomena. The West is no longer an area of stability and prosperity. Moreover, in the last two decades, the problem of integrating the descendants of migrants into society has become clear. In this regard, the scientific discussions of cultural identity acquire a high practical significance. The paper presents an analysis of the scientific discourse on the Muslim issue in the UK. The choice of the case is due to the fact that the UK is a typical Western state, where there is a steady trend to strengthen the cleavage of society. At the same time, it is noted that migration has become one of the key processes in the history of the United Kingdom. The authors apply the concepts of a divided society and responsible development. It is noted that in practice multiculturalism is changing to interculturalism as a more adequate concept of solving existing problems. According to the authors, the ethno-religious discourse on the issue of the Muslim diaspora in the UK consists of four areas: migration, school and higher education, gender, and radicalization of young people. Discourses on the problems of migration policy and functioning of diasporas, Muslim education, gender equality, and radicalization of Islamic youth can be considered derived from a higher discourse – the discourse of identity, which is based on value-worldview aspects. In conclusion, it is noted that negative processes are taking place in British society, which are of strategic importance for responsible development. According to the authors, success in overcoming divisions in British society will depend on coordinated planned actions at all levels (international, national, regional, local). “Indigenous” residents and the Muslim diaspora need to build a model of partnership, which implies mutual responsibility. The analysis of scientific discourses presented in the article inspires moderate optimism, as it offers well-founded and concrete solutions to the existing problems of British society. Although British society is divided, British scientific discourse has a common platform where researchers of different backgrounds and faiths successfully engage in dialogue.
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Powell, Robert. "Uncertainty, Shifting Power, and Appeasement." American Political Science Review 90, no. 4 (December 1996): 749–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2945840.
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Great Britain faced an immensely complicated strategic problem in the 1930s, and important aspects of it can be stylized as a situation in which a state that is declining in power is unsure of the aims of a rising state. If those aims are limited, then the declining state prefers to appease the rising state's demands rather than go to war to oppose them. If, however, the rising state's demands are unlimited, then the declining state prefers fighting. And, given that the declining state is becoming weaker over time, it prefers fighting sooner rather than later if there is to be a war. This situation creates a trade-off: The earlier a state stands firm, the stronger it will be if war ensues, but the higher the chance of fighting an unnecessary war. In equilibrium, the declining state generally tries to appease the rising state by making a series of concessions.
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Podniesiński, Jan. "A co, jeśli Forest Green Rovers pozielenieją? Wdrażanie strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju przez klub piłkarski." Kultura a wyzwania zrównoważonego rozwoju cz. 2 22, no. 4 (February 5, 2022): 455–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843976zk.21.028.15229.
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And What if Forest Green Rovers Go Green? An Implementation of the Sustainable Development Strategy by a Football Club Sport and sports organisations are often some of the most important aspects of local culture and identity. As in the case of cultural institutions, recent years have seen numerous interesting initiatives for sustainable development undertaken by athletes and sports clubs. The paper explores the implementation and social reception of the sustainable development strategy adopted in 2010 by the professional football club called Forest Green Rovers FC in Great Britain. Using the method of content analysis, the author attempts to analyse the critical reflection on the strategy presented in the national opinion-forming press and to show how the club’s environmentally-friendly actions are perceived by the community of its fans.
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Kovalev, Boris N., and Sergey V. Kulik. "Иранская проблема в нацистской пропаганде на оккупированной территории Северо-Запада России (1942–1943 гг.)." Oriental studies 15, no. 2 (July 15, 2022): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22162/2619-0990-2022-60-2-280-291.
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Introduction. The article analyzes the coverage of the Iranian problem in the collaborationist newspapers Za rodinu (‘For Motherland’) and Novyi put’ (‘New Way’). These periodicals were published and circulated both in the Baltic and Northwest Russia during the Nazi occupation (1941–1944). The publications have never been subject to scientific inquiry before. The period witnessed a subtle diplomatic game on the ‘Iranian front’ played by Nazi Germany and aimed at winning over both Iran and Soviet peoples (including those from Transcaucasia) to its side. That policy proved so active that it was implemented even in a very remote region — Northwest Russia. Materials and methods. The work analyzes articles of the collaborationist newspapers dealing with Iranian affairs. In Russian and foreign historiography examining various aspects of Nazi propaganda during World War II this aspect has not been considered properly yet. The guiding research principles include those of objectivity, comprehensive analysis, historicism, and source criticism. Results. The article scrutinizes into Nazi Germany’s propaganda policy on Iran as a factor in the strategic struggle against the Soviet Union and Great Britain. Particular attention is paid to the propaganda affirmations used by Germany after the arrival of Soviet and British troops in Iran. Geographically, special emphasis is laid on the Near East. Nazi Russian-language propaganda in the occupied territories of Russia made significant efforts to prove depravity of the Allies of World War II. Iran and its people were treated as victims of the Soviet-British occupation and potential allies of the Third Reich.
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Biletska, G., N. Кovtunovych, and N. Shkurenko. "Foreign experience of providing communication in state agencies." Legal horizons, no. 23 (2020): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/legalhorizons.2020.i23.p102.
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The article is devoted to practical aspects of implementation of communication strategies by the state agencies of foreign countries. The emphasized that current globalization processes in the information area, which take place in the international arena, actualize the introduction of effective communications, which play an important role in the internal and external interaction of state agencies with the public. In the article was emphasized that in order to systematically and clearly cover the activities of state agencies, as well as the objective perception and understanding of the population of the processes implemented in the field of public policy, informing the public about planned government initiatives, communication strategies are actively implemented. Also noted that in the countries of the European Union (hereinafter – the EU) communications are considered by the national institutions as a tool for foreign and security policy, international cooperation in the format of strategic partnership with a leading international target audience and regional cooperation with European countries. The authors determined the main tasks of realization of external and internal communications of state institutions. In particular, the ways of realization of communications by the state agencies in Norway, Great Britain and Estonia. The preference of modern advanced information communications in ensuring the interaction of state agencies and the public are outlined. As today society exists in the world of global communication, which includes not only traditional media, periodicals or television, but also social networks, information and communication interaction is becoming more important. Most foreign countries use popular social networks, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and others. It is concluded that the establishment of comprehensive, clear and strategic communication of state authorities of Ukraine with the international and national community, taking into account foreign experience and basic principles of government communication, is important for building a democratic state.
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Ibragimov, Farkhad Elshan Ogli. "Development of Iranian-German Relations in 2010-2020 (Problems and Prospects)." Вопросы безопасности, no. 4 (April 2022): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7543.2022.4.39069.
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The subject of the study is Iranian-German relations in 2010-2020. The object of the research is the development of relations between Iran and Germany. The author of the work examines in detail such aspects of the topic as the history of the development of relations between Iran and Germany, the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, which directly affects Iran's relations with the world community, in particular with the European Union. Particular attention is paid to the role of Germany as a strategic partner of Iran. Germany has traditionally been seen as Iran's closest partner in Europe, although its policy towards Iran during the so-called nuclear crisis of the 2000s largely followed the example of Washington due to Germany joining the latter's power diplomacy. The main conclusions of the study are: The future of German-Iranian relations will depend on a number of international, regional and domestic factors, the development of which is difficult to predict with any certainty; besides Germany, the positions of Great Britain and France in relation to Iran matter to a lesser extent; Iran's geopolitical attractiveness, along with Iran's willingness to welcome Germany as an active player in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf, as well as pressure from the country's economic groups to develop trade relations with Iran, encourage Germany to take the lead in European foreign policy towards Iran ; With the start of nuclear talks in 2013, Berlin played a positive role in the negotiations that culminated in the nuclear deal in July 2015. Since then, close cooperation has been established both in industry and in the field of education; The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the results of the study can be applied in the strategic planning of international relations with Iran.
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Hughes, Lorna M., and Paul S. Ell. "The British lsles Network of Expert Centres: A collaborative approach to the digital arts and humanities." International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 3, no. 1-2 (October 2009): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2009.0016.
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The UK's Network of Expert Centres: A collaborative approach to the digital arts and humanities. A Network of Expert Centres has been recently been established with a broad mission to facilitate exchange of expertise and outreach across the community of practice engaged in all aspects of digital arts and humanities research and scholarship, including practice-led research; and to promote and facilitate engagement with digital methodologies within the broader research community. Areas of interest and expertise of members include data creation, curation, preservation, management (including rights and legal issues), access and dissemination, and methodologies of data use and re-use. Its membership is open to all such Centres in Great Britain and Ireland. Since the demise of the Arts and Humanities Data Service and the AHRC ICT Methods Network, there has been no centralized supporting infrastructure and co-oordination of activity in this area. While the Network is by no means a substitute for these services, it will provide a much-needed focus and community resource for all aspects of the digital arts and humanities, including digital tools, projects and methods, as well as data management and sustainability. The Network will also provide greater visibility for publicly funded research projects in this area. The Network's mission is to advocate, promote and raise awareness and understanding of the use of ICT in research and scholarship in arts and humanities. It will take an active role in developing the scholarly communication agenda in relation to all aspects of digital publications, and outputs. Publications and outputs developed by members will be disseminated via the community resource, arts-humanities.net, which will support the development and exchange of expertise, knowledge, standards and good practice. The Network will also identify and represent the needs of the research community in this key strategic area, and conduct dialogue with relevant stakeholders including funders, libraries, and those engaged in teaching and research in related disciplines. This article sets out the background to the establishment of the Network, its structure and plans for future development.
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Skýpalová, Renata, and Renata Kučerová. "The Role of the State in Launching Social Responsibility in Small and Medium Enterprises." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 62, no. 6 (2014): 1407–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201462061407.
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The article deals with possibilities of government involvement in the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Some member states, such as the United Kingdom, Germany and the Netherlands, have already prepared strategic documents in the field of CSR. In the Czech Republic we are just at the beginning of the formulation of national documents and the increased state involvement in CSR concept. A positive aspect is the launch of the preparatory activities for the formulation of the National CSR Strategy and National Action Plan for CSR by the Ministry of Industry and Trade as the CSR coordinator in the Czech Republic.The government of the Czech Republic should focus their attention on the preparation of strategic documents in the CSR area and on a possible extend of the basic ideas of social responsibility among managers of small and medium-sized companies. In this way these companies will be fully engaged in this concept (especially by creating contact points, e-learning supports and the possibility of consultations with employees of the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Trade as CSR coordinator). In this respect, it is possible to use the examples of a good practice from selected EU member states whose governments are addressing to an issue of an involvement of small and medium-sized companies in the CSR concept (e.g. Great Britain, Germany and the Netherlands). It is also possible to use the results of surveys conducted among small and medium-sized enterprises in the Czech Republic in the years 2007–2013.
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Mashevskyi, Oleh. "EUROPEAN UNION AND GREAT BRITAIN IS SEEKING NEW FORMS OF COOPERATION Review of the monograph by A.V. Grubinko, A. Yu. Martynov “The European Union after BREXIT: a continuation of history” (Ternopil – Kyiv, 2021. 258 p.)." European Historical Studies, no. 19 (2021): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2524-048x.2021.19.8.
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The authors of the monograph focused on the scientific analysis of an actual scientific and applied topic, which concerns the problem of adaptation of the European Union to the new conditions that have emerged since the UK left the EU. It is symbolic that this process coincided with the crisis of the globalization process due to the pandemic and its challenges to international security. The modern European Union is both an international and a state-like entity, which combines the features of at least three state unions: an international intergovernmental organization, a confederation and a federation. This not only determines the complexity of the subject of study, but also its inconsistency. In conditions of radical social change, it is always difficult to track and adequately analyze them. This titanic task is further complicated by the presence of an in-house methodological crisis in the family of social sciences. Therefore, given all these objective difficulties, we can only welcome attempts to find a new theoretical and methodological synthesis, which should help society to understand the essence of historical time and act in it as rationally and efficiently as possible. The pages of the monograph raise questions about the heuristic potential of the study of the problem of European historical experience; in addition, significant attention is paid to the coverage of a systematic approach to the social vector of European policy. It also addresses the issue of solving key social problems that stand in the way of qualitative deepening of European integration while maintaining the basic guidelines of social market economy. Among these issues, the authors highlight and analyze the most important aspects, which relate primarily to overcoming poverty and combating unemployment. The monograph outlines the range of methodological problems of transformational historical period, involved in its study synthesizing approach, which consists in the use of historical, socio-philosophical, economic, political science, legal approaches. This approach allows to restore the synthesis of scientific knowledge, which is often disrupted not only by the tendency to specialized fragmentation of complex objects of study, but also allows to take into account the specifics of the transitional historical period. In a geographical sense, not all European regions are equally developed, due to their different economic specialization, which has developed as a result of the historical division of labor. Eventually, there is a tendency to shifting responsibility for solving the problems of poor regions to themselves. The same German experience with the unification of East and West of the country has shown that even huge investments in infrastructure development, introduction of new technologies, efforts to increase productivity – all this together do not solve quickly enough the problem of social convergence. The leveling of the social space of richer and poorer federal states is rather slow. Last but not least, these problems became a good reason for the Great Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union. The issue of the monograph is of practical importance for the foreign policy of Ukraine. After all, the European Union is an important neighbor, trade and political partner of Ukraine and accession to it is actually declared as a prototype of a strategic national idea. The European project is essentially postmodern, as it seeks to overcome the modernism with which nationalism is associated and to reach a level of tolerant agreement of different national interests. The intensification of the globalization process has prompted integration structures to perform functions that limit national sovereignty. Historiographical discourse of common foreign and defense policy of European Union proves that this strategic course of European integration depends on the ability of elites and peoples of Europe to find a common European identity and organize around it the process of determining the place and role of the European Union in the modern system of international relations. This process in the distant historical perspective remains an open possibility with an unguaranteed positive or negative result. Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union, which was unexpected for many researchers of European integration, matured gradually. The authors of the peer-reviewed monograph list the main trends that influenced this decision. First of all, we are talking about the unregulated EU development strategy, the fate of the common European currency, the imperfection of the system of decision-making in the field of common foreign and security policy, which led to an ineffective EU response to Russian and Chinese autocratic challenges. Despite the objective problems associated with mutual adaptation of old and new EU member states, the European integration project continues to be seen as the key to addressing the challenges of modern life and finding answers to the challenges of globalization. In particular, in the final sixth chapter, the author focuses on the theoretical, methodological and practical analysis of the problem of democracy. The authors of the monograph are looking for an answer to the question of what the European Union will be like after the exit of Great Britain. No less important is the question of whether Britain will become a “global” Britain after leaving the European Union. Of course, Britain is concerned about turning the EU into a superpower that has not only its own flag, anthem, currency, but also the germ of a common European army and tries to pursue a common foreign and defense policy. London advocates stronger resistance from China and ousting Russia from Europe. Changing regional influences in the EU may create a new structure of conflict of interest not only for individual countries but also for various regional groups. The issue of a clear division of powers between supranational and national authorities at all levels seems ripe. More adequate to this trend will be not so much a more centralized federalist Europe as a decentralized confederative one. By the way, the model of the latter looks more open for further expansion. This work is imbued with the spirit of realistic Europeanism. Therefore, not least because of this, the peer-reviewed monograph will become a notable phenomenon in domestic European studies.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Great Britain Strategic aspects"
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Thacker, Scott. "Reducing the risk of failure in interdependent national infrastructure network systems." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:02e7313c-0967-47e3-becc-2e7da376f745.
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Infrastructure network systems support society and the economy by facilitating the distribution of essential services across broad spatial extents, at a range of scales. The complex and interdependent nature of these systems provides the conditions for which localised failures can dramatically cascade, resulting in disruptions that are widespread and very often unforeseen. This systemic vulnerability has been highlighted multiple times over the previous decades in infrastructures systems from around the world. In the future, the hazards to which infrastructure systems are exposed are set to grow with increasing extreme event risks caused by climate change. The aim of this thesis is to develop methodology and analysis for understanding and reducing the risk of failure of national interdependent infrastructure network systems. This study introduces multi-scale, system-of-systems based methodology and applied analysis that provides important new insights into interdependent infrastructure network risk and adaptation. Adopting a complex network based approach; real-world asset data is integrated from the energy, transport, water, waste and digital communications sectors to represent the physical interconnectivity that exists within and between interdependent infrastructure systems. Given the often limited scope of real-world datasets, an algorithm is presented that is used to synthesise missing network data, providing continuous network representations that preserve the most salient spatial and topological properties of real multi-level infrastructure systems. Using the resultant network representations, the criticality of individual assets is calculated by summing the direct and indirect customer disruptions that can occur in the event of failure. This is achieved by disrupting sets of functional service flow pathways that transcend sectorial and operational boundaries, providing long-range connectivity between service originating source nodes and customer allocated sink nodes. Kernel density estimation is used to integrate discrete asset criticality values into a continuous surface from which statistically significant infrastructure geographical criticality hotspots are identified. Finally, a business case is presented for investment in infrastructure adaptation, where adaptation costs are compared to the reduction in expected damages that arise from interdependency related failures over an assets lifetime. By representing physical and geographic interdependence at a range of scales, this analysis provides new evidence to inform the targeting of investments to reduce risks and enhance system resilience. It is concluded that the research presented within this thesis provides new theoretical insights and practical techniques for a range of academic, industrial and governmental infrastructure stakeholders, from the UK and beyond.
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Breton, Steven Daniel. "Imperial sunset : grand strategies of hegemons in relative decline." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26724.
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This thesis investigates the economic and military policies hegemons pursue while experiencing relative decline. Based upon the rising costs of leadership associated with hegemony, this thesis establishes that both systemic and domestic environments equally influence the hegemon's policy-making. Furthermore, the paper contends that hegemons do practice strategic planning during relative decline, in an effort to adjust its commitments and resources to the environment. Relative success or failure in maintaining the international system and thus adjusting for decline depends on how decision-makers compensate for two prevailing variables: threat of challengers and availability of allies. This study offers a predictive theoretical model for interpreting the dynamics of grand strategy formulation, compensating for the influences of the domestic environment three historical case studies, the Dutch Republic, Britain and the United States, test the accuracy and validity of the model. This thesis finds that periods of strong leadership, void of threat, while augmented by external balancing best support a hegemon's relative decline.
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Khalid, Amr. "Aspects of Islam and social coexistence : the case of Britain." Thesis, University of Wales Trinity Saint David, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683357.
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Decker, Tim. "Strategic standards." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 298 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1456294811&sid=15&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Wiedner, Rene. "The side effects of strategic change : an in-depth case study of an attempt to 'liberate' the English National Health Service." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709463.
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Pendleton, Colin F. "Aspects of bronze age metalwork in northern East Anglia." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1992. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10980/.
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The bronze age metalwork of northern East Anglia is well known, both for its quality and quantity. The main concentration occurs along the south-eastern fen edges which are recognised as one of the primary centres of metalwork in Britain. Due to the 'wet' nature of the fenland the metalwork from the area has formed one of the main supports for the belief, over the last 25 years, in a practice of bronze age wetland ritual or votive deposition. The main theme of this work examines this important issue. The fenland material has not been isolated but is put into a regional context by the examination of other finds from northern East Anglia. Although mainly using metalwork this study is principally concerned with the meaning of the metalwork assemblage rather than individual artefact analysis. Central to the work is the collation of important information on items reported earlier, together with a wealth of hitherto unrecorded material. Closely related is a detailed analysis of the locations of finds. An attempt is also made to resolve some of the problems that are basic to artifact research, such as the reasons for the distribution of finds and their interpretation. Several problems are highlighted by these studies, such as the need to research other contemporary material and analyse the effects of both depositional and post-depositional processes. In East Anglia the most important of these, which has probably caused enormous variation in the distribution of finds has been arable agriculture, some of the effects of which are examined and analysed. Whereas previous studies have been dependent on material not necessarily representative, accurately provenanced or numerically significant, this work provides, for the first time, a relatively sound basis, allowing some significant re-evaluations of the practices, organisation and settlement patterns of society in bronze age East Anglia.
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Cordiner, Tom Stuart. "Zionism and aspects of British political culture since 1945." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648164.
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Chalmers, Malcolm G. "Nuclear weapons and British defence policy : an examination of nuclear aspects of British foreign and defence policy 1940-1990." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4220.
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This thesis is an attempt to understand the role of nuclear weapons in Britain's defence and foreign policies. It works from the assumption that decisions in relation to nuclear weapons, can only be understood in the context of a broader overview of the British state's policies since the 1940's. In turn Britain's nuclear policies have made a decisive impact on defence policy as a whole and have had an important effect on international developments. It is hoped that this thesis will contribute to a better-understanding of the causes and effects of the nuclear weapons policies adopted by the UK since the 19401s. The thesis will focus on the politics and political economy of nuclear weapons and British defence policy. This central concern has required that a number of other important aspects of the subject have been given only peripheral consideration. The thesis does not attempt to provide a detailed technological history of Britain's nuclear force. Nor is it intended to provide particular new insights on the nuclear decisionmaking process. Rather it seeks to explore the underlying factors which have shaped both the technology and the perceptions of decision-makers. There is no shortage of historical accounts of Britain's nuclear force. The unique contribution which it is hoped that this thesis makes, however, does not lie so much in its subject matter as in the way that this subject matter is approached. In my view that approach is sufficiently different from those of previous works in this area as to be both original and of some interest to other scholars in this field.
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Frei, Gabriela A. "Great Britain, international law, and the evolution of maritime strategic thought, 1856-1914." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:306f9554-9b0a-4d0e-938e-9a5b515d7c6e.
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Carter, Sara. "The role of farms in rural business development." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2203.
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In recent years the rural enterprise has become a key theme in small business research. Despite an extensive and increasingly sophisticated literature analysing rural firms, the research effort has largely excluded agnculture. This exclusion reflects a wider separation of agriculture and industry which is apparent not only in scholarship, but in the political, social and economic institutions which surround the farm sector. Although there have been persuasive arguments for a more multi-disciplinary approach to the analysis of rurality and calls for comparisons to be drawn between farms and other small businesses, few such attempts have been made and the analysis of rural business development remains charactensed by disciplinary polarity. This thesis seeks to redress this by analysing farms using conventional small business paradigms and methodologies. Three specific issues were examined: the extent to which farms conform to small business norms; the engagement of farms in additional business activities; and the differences between farms undertaking additional business activities and those maintaining monoactive approaches. The results reveal similarities between farms and other rural enterpnses and demonstrate the continued importance of farms as creators of employment and wealth in rural areas Importantly, farms are shown to have a hitherto, unrecognized role in accommodating and fostenng rural small firms in non-farm sectors. The study supports the view that multiple business ownership activities may have been under-reported in the small business research literature. Tins analysis suggests that additional business activities are best viewed as a continuum, from the diversification of existing assets to the establishment of independent and separately registered firms. Policy liberalization, demand side changes and shifts in the demographic profile of farm owners are expected to increase the number of faims engaging in additional business activities. These factors are also expected to increase the smulanties between farms and other rural enterprises. The thesis concludes that there are benefits to be gamed from the inclusion of the farm sector in small business analyses. The sector is dominated by family owned, small businesses that have largely survived the transition through generations. As such, the sector offers small business researchers a unique opportunity to analyse issues at the centre of small business debate Moreover, it is argued that a small business approach to the analysis of the farm sector offers a particularly relevant, but hitherto absent, insight into the future development of rural areas.
Books on the topic "Great Britain Strategic aspects"
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University of Karachi. Area Study Centre for Europe., ed. Superpower rivalry in the Indian Ocean since the withdrawal of Great Britain. [Karachi]: Area Study Centre for Europe, University of Karachi, 1986.
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Invasion: Defending Britain from attack. London: Boxtree, 2001.
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Anglo-American strategic relations and the Far East, 1933-1939: Imperial crossroads. London: Frank Cass, 2002.
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Baxter, Christopher. The great power struggle in East Asia, 1944-50: Britain, America and post-war rivalry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
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Defending Essex: The military landscape from prehistory to the present. Stroud, Gloucestershire: The History Press, 2013.
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Greg, Kennedy, ed. British naval strategy east of Suez, 1900-2000: Influences & actions. New York: Routledge, 2004.
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The great power struggle in East Asia, 1944-50: Britain, America and post-war rivalry. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009.
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England), King's College (London, ed. War and empire in Mauritius and the Indian Ocean. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave, in association with Kings College, London, 2001.
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Ann, Filer, ed. The social world of pupil career: Strategic biographies through primary school. London: Cassell, 1999.
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Cowman, Ian. Dominion or decline: Anglo-American naval relations on the Pacific, 1937-1941. Oxford, UK: Berg Publishers, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Great Britain Strategic aspects"
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Gekara, Victor Oyaro. "Union Organising in the Context of Regional Labour Market Decline: The Case of Nautilus International." In The World of the Seafarer, 157–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49825-2_13.
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AbstractOver the past few decades the impact of globalisation on society and industry at the national level has been immense and has been studied and extensively documented in the literature. Some of the major benefits and losses accruing from economic globalisation, particularly since the late 1970s have been debated by dominant political economy commentators (see e.g. Harvey 2005; Held et al. 1999; Strange 1996; Scholte 2000; Stiglitz 2002; Giddens 2002; Chomsky 2017). An important aspect of the globalising process has been the extensive restructuring of production and distribution patterns in search of cheaper resources, through aggressive outsourcing and offshoring. The result for many national economies, particularly advanced industrial states, has been a drastic decline in traditional industries affecting both labour and capital (Dunning 1993; Beck 2005; Perraton 2019). This chapter examines the decline in the seafaring labour markets of the so-called Traditional Maritime Countries (TMN), and the implications for union organising focusing on the UK and its seafaring labour. It examines the creation of Nautilus International (NI) Union via a merger of unions for maritime professionals across different countries in Europe initially beginning with Great Britain, the Netherlands and later Switzerland. This was a uniquely strategic response to declining membership and weakening organising capacity. Some of the key challenges associated with unions trying to organise and represent their members in the context of industrial and labour market decline are explored.
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Winter, J. M. "Strategic Demography: Population, Poverty, and Military Power in Pre-1914 Britain." In The Great War and the British People, 6–21. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230506244_1.
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Winter, J. M. "Strategic Demography: Population, Poverty, and Military Power in Pre-1914 Britain." In The Great War and the British People, 6–21. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-04669-0_2.
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Kaprāns, Mārtiņš. "Latvian Migrants in Great Britain: ‘The Great Departure’, Transnational Identity and Long Distance Belonging." In IMISCOE Research Series, 119–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12092-4_6.
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Abstract This chapter explores the transnational aspects of identity and the long distance belonging of Latvian migrants in Great Britain. In particular, it focuses on the discourses and practices of long distance belonging to Latvia. The article is based on a comparative analysis of The Emigrant Communities of Latvia survey data as well as semi-structured interviews with Latvian migrants in Great Britain. The analytical sections are organised so as to discuss the three main analytical contexts of long distance belonging: ethno-cultural, political and social. In the ethno-cultural context, migrants who identify themselves as ethnic Latvians rediscover and strengthen their links to the Latvian cultural space, its traditions and its ways of collective self-understanding. Conversely, the absence of this cultural capital among Russian-speaking migrants from Latvia advances their faster assimilation into British society. The political context of long distance belonging reveals high levels of distrust of the Latvian government and the migrants’ overall disappointment with Latvia’s political elite, as well as political apathy. Nevertheless, Latvian migrants in the United Kingdom are discovering new motivation and fresh opportunities to influence the political reality in Latvia and that has increased participation in Latvian national elections. The social context of long distance belonging, in turn, enables new forms of allegiance towards Latvia. These are manifested in philanthropic initiatives, in participation in various interest groups and in regular interest in what is happening in Latvia. The social context does not put the migrants’ activities into ethno-cultural or political frameworks, but encourages moral responsibility towards the people of Latvia.
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Fortońska, Agnieszka. "Brexit. What Will Happen to Flights Between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and European Union Countries? Legal Aspects of Air Transport." In Advances in Air Traffic Engineering, 46–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70924-2_5.
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Ozavci, Ozan. "An Untimely Return of the Eastern Question?" In Dangerous Gifts, 302–17. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198852964.003.0013.
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When the news of the 1860 civil war in Syria and the ‘massacres’ of the Christians by the Druze reached Paris, the French foreign minister, Édouard A. Thouvenel, proposed the courts of the other Great Powers an intervention in Syria. He appealed with an emotional vocabulary arguing that theirs was a responsibility towards humanity. Even though Thouvenel’s call received endorsement on the part of first Russia and then Austria, Prussia, and Britain, the Sublime Porte objected to the intervention plan. The Ottoman ministers believed that it would be a violation of existing treaties and an infringement on the sultan’s sovereignty. This chapter places under scrutiny the 40 days of tug of war between Paris and Istanbul, when they looked to influence European public opinion by means of propaganda and active lobbying. The legal, economic, religious, and strategic undertones of the intervention plan and the counter-intervention propaganda not only testified to the intersectoral aspects of the Eastern Question. Seen together, they also disclosed how ‘humanitarian’ the ensuing intervention actually was.
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"Strategic Mobilization for Suffrage in Great Britain." In Forging the Franchise, 49–82. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780691184272-005.
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Teele, Dawn Langan. "Strategic Mobilization for Suffrage in Great Britain." In Forging the Franchise, 49–82. Princeton University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691180267.003.0003.
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This chapter presents a case study of women's enfranchisement in the United Kingdom. Although a few suffragists and some subsequent scholars have claimed that women's role in preparations for the First World War paved the way for their inclusion, it argues that on its own, a shift in public opinion was not enough, nor was it strictly necessary, to guarantee women's enfranchisement. Instead, it proposes that the war's greatest influence on suffrage lay in the creation of a multi-party wartime cabinet, which saw Arthur Henderson, a Labour leader and a key player in the Election Fighting Fund, appointed to the government. Henderson's early and persistent lobbying prior to the 1916 “Speaker's Conference” on electoral reform is critical for understanding how women's suffrage made its way into the 1918 Representation of the People Act.
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"Capital formation in transport in Britain." In Aspects of Capital Investment in Great Britain 1750-1850, 133–70. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315019338-11.
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Frei, Gabriela A. "Maritime Strategic Thought and International Law." In Great Britain, International Law, and the Evolution of Maritime Strategic Thought, 1856–1914, 152–70. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859932.003.0007.
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Chapter 6 examines the development of maritime strategic thought in Great Britain from 1872 to 1914, analysing the debates at the Royal United Service Institution, which provided one of the most important forums to discuss strategic matters. The early naval strategic thinkers John and Philip Colomb set the agenda, discussing maritime strategy in the context of home and imperial defence. Later strategists, such as Alfred T. Mahan and Julian S. Corbett, focused on command and control of the sea. The chapter examines not only how maritime strategic thought developed but also how the practice and codification of international maritime law shaped ideas about a future maritime conflict.
Conference papers on the topic "Great Britain Strategic aspects"
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Deltoro, Julia, Carmen Blasco Sánchez, and Francisco Martínez Pérez. "Evolution of the Urban Form in the British New Towns." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6484.
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Even if the urban experience of the British New Towns, created after the New Towns Act of 1945 as a solution to the problems derived from the superpopulation of great cities such as London, is already far in time it can still offer us some lessons. Lessons which could help us when intervening in current process of development and transformation of the urban form. This article analyses these experiences from its morphology, studying their formal characteristics and the organization of the several uses of the city, as well as the diachronic evolution of their criteria of spatial composition. The First New Towns mainly followed the characteristics stated in the Reith Report [HMSO, 1946 a] and the consequent New Towns Act [HMSO, 1946 b], which defined the scale of the new cities, their uses and zoning, location, areas, distances, social structure or landscape among other. Their urban forms evolved with time and were the result of many strategic and design decisions taken which determined and transformed their spatial and physical profiles. According to the Town and Country Planning Association [TCPA, 2014] New Towns can be classified in three Marks as for their chronology and the laws that helped to create them. But if we focus in their urban form, we can find another classification by Ali Madani-Pour, [1993] who divides them into four design phases, which give answer to different social needs and mobility. The analysis of the essential characteristics and strategies of each of the phases of the New Towns, applied to the configuration of the urban form of some of the New Towns, the ones which gather better the approach in each of the phases, will allow us to make a propositional diagnose of their different forms of development, the advances and setbacks; a comparative analysis of different aspects such as mobility and zoning, local and territorial relations, structure or composition. The conclusions of the article pretend to recognize the contributions, which come from their urban form and have them as a reference for new urban interventions in the current context, with new challenges to be faced from the integral definition of the city. References DCLG. (2006). Transferable Lessons from the New Towns. (http://www.futurecommunities.net/files/images/Transferable_lessons_from_new_towns_0.pdf.) Accessed: 14 january 2015. Gaborit, P. (2010). European New Towns: Image, Identities, Future Perspectives. (PIE-Peter Lang SA., Brussels) HMSO. Great Britain. New Towns Committee. (1946 a). Final Report of the New Towns Committee. London HMSO. Great Britain. New Towns Act. (1946 b). London Madani-Pour, Ali. (1993). `Urban Design in the British New Towns´. Open House International, vol. 18. TCPA. (2014). New Towns and Garden Cities – Lessons for Tomorrow. Stage 1: An Introduction to the UK’s New Towns and Garden Cities. (Town and Country Planning Association, London) Accessed: 15 december 2016. (https://www.tcpa.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=1bcdbbe3-f4c9-49b4-892e-2d85b5be6b87). TCPA. (2015). New Towns and Garden Cities – Lessons for Tomorrow. Stage 2: Lessons for Delivering a New Generation of Garden Cities. (Town and Country Planning Association, London) Accessed: 15 december 2016. (https://www.tcpa.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=62a09e12-6a24-4de3-973f-f4062e561e0a)
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Özgün, Tevfik Orçun, and Meral Uçmaz. "The Great Game in Asia: Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00333.
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Marked the 19th Century, “The Great Game” which took place between Great Britain and Imperial Russia, has determined the fates of many other nations. In practical sense, the term is expired in the first quarter of the 20th Century. States of Central and Southern Asia, involved in the strategic plans of Great Powers focused their interest to Central Asia in the 20th Century. Especially, after the collapse of the Soviet Union the strategicially important Kyrgyzstan has become an area of struggle between the United States, Russia, and strategically rising China in order to hold economic concessions. This paper tries to handle the strategic games played internationally on Kyrgyzstan addressing the reference frame of “The Great Game”.
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Jovanovic, Slobodan. "Climate change and fl ood insurance in Germany, Great Britain and Serbia." In MODERNE TEHNOLOGIJE, NOVI I TRADICIONALNI RIZICI U OSIGURANjU. Association for Insurance Law of Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xxsav21.006j.
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In this paper, the author analyzes the organization of fl ood risk insurance, the risk which signifi cantly deteriorates due to climate change in Germany, the United Kingdom and Serbia. Th e author used selected studies and works, national legislation, insurance conditions and materials of specialized organizations. Climate change signifi cantly aff ects the frequency and severity of the harmful consequences of fl ood risks, which, due to their catastrophic consequences and territorial exposure, require more effi cient prevention measures and the design of their insurance. Floods are increasingly occurring as a result of heavy rainfall and high winds that simultaneously enhance their harmful potential. Th erefore, insurers cannot ignore the impact of climate change on the conditions for taking risks, determining the insurance premium, excesses and all other aspects related to these risks. From the point of view of risk assessment and selection techniques, the principle of fl ood insurability will certainly be applied in the future. Th erefore, refraining insurers from insuring those risks where the recurrence of fl oods is more frequent than a certain number of years (fi ve or ten years), based on the historical development of claims or classifi cation of zones into the danger class with increased frequency, will certainly pose a problem for policyholders. In Germany, fl ood risk cover is provided similarly to a number of Serbian insurers, ie. as an additional risk to basic property risks. However, the German insurance practice provides an opportunity to insure a number of other natural risks as a supplementary risk in the form of a natural risk package. It should be pointed out that there are also insurers in Serbia, whose policy terms regarding the cover scope more or less coincide with the insurance of named risks in Great Britain. Th ese are insurance conditions that represent an extension of the so-called traditional insurance of named fi re risks, which certainly represents a good step in the direction of modernizing the household insurance conditions in Serbia.
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Малкин, С. Г. "“IRISH WAR” AND INTERNAL SECURITY’ STRATEGY IN THE XXth CENTURY’ BRITAIN." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/mcu.2021.46.71.021.
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На протяжении продолжительного времени историки и эксперты рассматривали Войну за независимость Ирландии в 1919–1921 гг. как первый масштабный и неудачный опыт британских сил безопасности по противодействию повстанческой активности современного типа. В статье об-ращается внимание на ряд важных аспектов участия британских сил безопасности в «Ирландской войне», все еще недооцененных в академических и экспертных кругах. С теоретической точки зрения особый интерес в этом смысле представляют параллели как тактического, так и стратеги-ческого характера, c беспорядками в Северной Ирландии в 1968–1998 гг. Однако основу исследо-вательского подхода в данной статье составляет сопоставление архивных свидетельств и спектра угроз Британской империи во время «Ирландской войны». For the most part historians and experts share the view that the “Irish War” of Independence in 1919–1921 was the first and an unsuccessful experience for the British army in conducting modern counterinsurgency. This article highlights some important aspects of the British forces’ conduct in the “Irish war” still are undervalued in academic and expert circles. Theoretically there are useful parallels, tactical as well as strategic, in concern with the Northern Ireland Troubles in 1968–1998, which formed a special interest. But the main research approach of this article based on comparisons of the archival evidence with the specter of threats for the British Empire during the “Irish war”.
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Kostova, Nadezhda. "SOME ASPECTS OF IN-PERSON AND ONLINE PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORT." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/110.
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ABSTRACT It is an indisputable fact that the Covid 19 pandemic at the beginning of 2020 negatively impacted the life and health of people and changed the social, public, and economic situation around the world. The education system was also strongly affected and suffered a great number of changes. The measures taken for social isolation lead to a general reorganization of the education process. The lessons in physical education and sport - a compulsory subject of students’ general education also had to be transformed in the emergency situation. The direct form of interaction between the teacher and the students during in-person lessons (the traditional style) had to be reorganized in an online form. Because of the specificity of the subject, namely the motor-cognitive activities of the students during the physical education and sports lessons, learning new knowledge and developing motor skills and habits in an online environment proved to be a great challenge both for students and teachers. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to reveal some basic aspects of in-person and online learning in the school subject of physical education and sport. Methods of the scientific study: The following methods for gathering empirical information were applied in the realization of the aim of the study – system approach, content approach, and SWOT analysis. Results of the study: A theoretical model was developed for the achievement of the aim of the study, specifying some aspects of face-to-face and online education. An attempt to compare and analyze the peculiarities of face-to-face and online education is made; the advantages and disadvantages of traditional and online classes in physical education and sports at secondary school are presented. Conclusions: The results from the present study can be used as a basis for future experimental work concerning traditional (in-person) and online education with a focus on the effectiveness of the learning process in physical education and sport and its strategic optimization.
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E. Merchant, John. "Communicating Across Borders: A Proposed Model for Understanding Cross-Cultural Issues for the Successful Strategic Implementation of Information Systems." In 2002 Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/2534.
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While there has been a great deal of research on the application and implementation of IS, there is less research on the variables which can contribute to the successful strategic implementation of IS and its relation to the cultural/work values of the people involved in the implementation. We are familiar with the two paradigms for evaluating IS, the first calls for the evaluation to be based on the relation to design specification - or user needs. The second concentrates on the performance related aspects which consider outcome of the system. This paper presents a model, based on research of different cultures, that outlines an approach to consider in relating the correlation of IS to the Culture and Work values of the individuals in a particular cultural setting.
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Chen, Zhenyi. "Study On The Situation Between France And The South China Sea From The Perspective Of Balance Of Power Theory." In 8th Peace and Conflict Resolution Conference [PCRC2021]. Tomorrow People Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52987/pcrc.2021.011.
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ABSTRACT With the rise of China and the escalation of tension between China and the United States, European countries led by Britain, France and Germany pay increasing attention to the regional situation in the Asia-Pacific (now known as "Indo-Pacific"). Among them, the South China Sea (SCS) is one of the main areas disputed by China, the United States, Southeast Asian countries and some European countries. Western countries are worried that the rise of China's military power will break the stability of the situation in SCS and alter the balance of power among major powers. Therefore, they tried to balance China's rise through alliance. In France's Indo-Pacific strategy, France aims to build a regional order with the alliance of France, India and Australia as the core, and regularly carry out military exercises targeting SCS with the United States, Japan and Southeast Asian countries. This paper aims to study the activities and motivation of France in the South China Sea, and put the situation in SCS under the perspective of Balance of Power Theory, focusing on China, America and France. It will be argued that great powers are carefully maintaining the balance of military power in SCS, and it is highly possible that this trend would still last in the middle and long term, particularly via military deployment and strategic alliances. KEYWORDS: South China Sea, France, China, Balance of Power theory, Indo-Pacific.
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Jovanović, Zoran. "DRŽAVNI CENTAR ZA UPRAVLJANJE I ČUVANJE PODATAKA." In XVII majsko savetovanje. Pravni fakultet Univerziteta u Kragujevcu, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/uvp21.711j.
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Digitization of public services implies the use of a great number of data of different nature which are used by public authorities. The importance of the information that this data carries requires an appropriate way of storing it, but also readiness for quick and efficient use in case of a need. For that purpose, the Republic of Serbia established the State Center for Data Management and Storage. This Center provides unique public data storage services for a large number of state authorities and organizations. Also this Center stores data entrusted by business entities. The importance of the Center is reflected in the strategic determination of the Republic of Serbia to invest in the secondary data storage, one of the largest in the region. Important activity of state data management and storage includes different legal and security aspects of Center and data. In this paper author tries to analyze the legal aspects of the State Center for Data Storage and Management, forms of services that this center provides to other public authorities and business entities. In addition, the analysis will indicate possible positive and negative aspects of data centralization within such a system. Moreover, the author gives recommendations for improving the information security of the center, from the legal aspects.
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Campos, João. "The superb Brazilian Fortresses of Macapá and Príncipe da Beira." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11520.
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During the eighteenth century Portugal developed a large military construction process in the Ultramarine possessions, in order to compete with the new born colonial trading empires, mainly Great Britain, Netherlands and France. The Portuguese colonial seashores of the Atlantic Ocean (since the middle of the sixteenth century) and of the Indian Ocean (from the end of the first quarter of the seventeenth century) were repeatedly coveted, and the huge Portuguese colony of Brazil was also harassed in the south during the eighteenth century –here due to problems in a diplomatic and military dispute with Spain, related with the global frontiers’ design of the Iberian colonies. The Treaty of Madrid (1750) had specifically abrogated the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) between Portugal and Spain, and the limits of Brazil began to be defined on the field. Macapá is situated in the western branch of Amazonas delta, in the singular cross-point of the Equator with Tordesillas Meridian, and the construction of a big fortress began in the year of 1764 under direction of Enrico Antonio Galluzzi, an Italian engineer contracted by Portuguese administration to the Commission of Delimitation, which arrived in Brazil in 1753. In consequence of the political panorama in Europe after the Seven Years War (1756-1763), a new agreement between Portugal and Spain was negotiated (after the regional conflict in South America), achieved to the Treaty of San Idefonso (1777), which warranted the integration of the Amazonas basin. It was strategic the decision to build, one year before, the huge fortress of Príncipe da Beira, arduously realized in the most interior of the sub-continent, 2000 km from the sea throughout the only possible connection by rivers navigation. Domingos Sambucetti, another Italian engineer, was the designer and conductor of the jobs held on the right bank of Guaporé River, future frontier’s line with Bolivia. São José de Macapá and Príncipe da Beira are two big fortresses Vauban’ style, built under very similar projects by two Italian engineers (each one dead with malaria in the course of building), with the observance of the most exigent rules of the treaties of military architecture.
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Chang, Xiaomeng, and Janis Terpenny. "A Framework for Ontology-Based Heterogeneous Data Integration for Cost Management in Product Family Design." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49803.
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High quality, high impact and economical products and systems are important goals for an enterprise. The usage of product families can be strategic to achieving these goals, yet defining these families can be challenging, requiring the consideration of numerous cost factors. This requires bringing together a great number of heterogeneous data sources of varying formats in a manner that allows the product development team to easily locate and reuse information in a collaborative manner across time and space. To date, our work has focused on the development and use of an Activity-Based Cost ontology (ABC ontology) to guide designers drill down to get at information for product family design. However, this ontology is built in such a way that it can only support information retrieval from the ontology and does not bring together and connect heterogeneous data resources. It does not address the problem of designers who struggle with obtaining relevant details from different departments in an enterprise. While there have been several semantic data schema integration tools for heterogeneous data resources integration, these tools cannot guide users to related information, that would lead to the root cause of the high cost. In this paper, in order to better manage cost in product family design, an ontology-based framework is put forward that builds on our prior work and combines the advantages of ABC ontology and data schema integration tools. The ontology-based framework can guide users to the proper information aspects through querying the central ontology, and give users detailed information about these aspects from heterogeneous data resources with the support of local ontologies. Ultimately, this framework will facilitate designers with better utilization of cost-related factors for product family design from a whole enterprise perspective.