Academic literature on the topic 'Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman'
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Journal articles on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Mahmoud, Shadia Mohamed Salem. "Nationalization and Personalization of the Egyptian Antiquities: Henry Salt a British General Consul in Egypt 1816 to 1827." International Journal of Culture and History 3, no. 2 (December 24, 2016): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijch.v3i2.7357.
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<p>In 1998, an anthropologist, Philip L. Kohl stated that archaeological findings are manipulated for nationalist purposes and that archaeology’s development during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries is associated with nationalism, colonization, imperialism, sometimes personal in Europe.<a title="" href="file:///F:/Nationalization%20and%20Personalization%20of%20the%20Egyptian%20antiquities.1%20-%20Copy.doc#_ftn1">[1]</a> Kohl’s statement is significant because it conveys how archaeology emerged as a national mission. During the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, Egyptian antiquities were at the center attention. Mythical and historical evidence for Greeks and Romans inEgypt were cited in order to justify the extensive excavations which were linked to a rising European national self consciousness. Consequently, the great imperialist powers, France and the Great Britain (who saw themselves as heirs of the Greeks and Romans) were determined to fulfill their national museum with the Egyptian antiquities.</p><div><br clear="all" /><hr align="left" size="1" width="33%" /><div><p><a title="" href="file:///F:/Nationalization%20and%20Personalization%20of%20the%20Egyptian%20antiquities.1%20-%20Copy.doc#_ftnref1">[1]</a> Philip L. Kohl, “Nationalism and Archaeology: On the Constructions of Nations and the Reconstructions of the Remote Past,” in <em>Annual Review of Anthropology</em>, Vol. 27 (1998), p. 223. Pp. 223-246</p></div></div>
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Hepple, L. W. "William Camden and early collections of Roman antiquities in Britain." Journal of the History of Collections 15, no. 2 (November 1, 2003): 159–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/15.2.159.
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Collins, Rob. "The Latest Roman Coin from Hadrian's Wall: a Small Fifth-century Purse Group." Britannia 39 (November 2008): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3815/006811308785917204.
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ABSTRACTEight Roman coins were reported in 2007 to the Portable Antiquities Scheme. All the coins were late Roman issues, with the latest identified as a Gloria Romanorum type dating to A.D. 406–408. This coin is only the second of its type to be identified in Britain, and it was found outside the normal area of fifth-century coins in southern Britain, in the Hadrian's Wall corridor. The finding of the group with its late coin begs the question of how many more fifth-century Roman issues may be as yet undiscovered or misidentified in Britain.
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Cooley, Alison E. "Monumental Latin Inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum Collection." Britannia 49 (June 18, 2018): 225–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x18000260.
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AbstractThis article presents some of the results of the Ashmolean Latin Inscriptions Project (funded by the AHRC 2013–2017), with new editions and commentaries on inscriptions from Roman Britain in the Ashmolean Museum. It offers an evaluation of these inscriptions based upon autopsy and digital imaging (Reflectance Transformation Imaging), and includes new photographs of them. It offers insights into the culture and society of Roman Britain as well as into the changing attitudes towards Romano-British antiquities in modern Britain from the 1600s onwards.
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Walker, Susan. "Emperors and Deities in Rural Britain: A Copper-Alloy Head of Marcus Aurelius from Steane, near Brackley (Northants.)." Britannia 45 (June 20, 2014): 223–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068113x14000300.
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AbstractA half-life-sized copper-alloy head of a bearded man was published in the Portable Antiquities Scheme's report of finds from Roman Britain in 2009.1 The head was purchased by the Ashmolean Museum in 2011. In this paper evidence for the identification of the subject as a portrait of the emperor Marcus Aurelius is reviewed by comparison with metropolitan and other certainly identified heads of deities and portraits of the emperor. The technique and likely function of the head are compared with those of similarly worked Roman copper-alloy heads of emperors and deities found in South-East Britain. Finally, a brief account is given of geophysical survey and trial excavation conducted in 2012–13 in the field where the head was found. This offers a unique opportunity to explore the head's archaeological context.
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Lane, Andrew. "Emperor's Dream to King's Folly: The Provenance of the Antiquities from Lepcis Magna Incorporated into the ‘Ruins’ at Virginia Water (part 2)." Libyan Studies 43 (2012): 67–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900009870.
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AbstractIn the grounds of Windsor Great Park stands an elaborate folly in the form of an idealised classical ruin. Built at the beginning of the nineteenth century, the ruins are constructed almost entirely from reused material. This includes an important assemblage of antiquities from the Roman site of Lepcis Magna, in Libya. Whilst the origin of the collection has never been forgotten, there has been no attempt to establish the provenance of the individual elements. Through a process of comparison, this article establishes where most of the antiquities originated. Increasing our knowledge of both this important folly and the collection of incorporated antiquities, this article also explores the nature of Warrington's work at Lepcis Magna.
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Nicolotti, Andrea. "The Scourge of Jesus and the Roman Scourge." Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 15, no. 1 (August 20, 2017): 1–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455197-01501006.
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According to the Gospels, Jesus suffered the flagellation before his crucifixion. The texts do not clarify the form and materials of the scourge that was utilized. Since the beginnings of the modern era, several commentators have speculated about the scourge’s form, on the basis of the Greek-Roman literary evidence and with reference to flagellation relics. In the last few centuries, scholars have provided new indications that are exemplified in great dictionaries and encyclopedic works of Greek-Roman archaeology and antiquities, as well as in the consultation works available to biblical scholars. However, a close re-examination of the whole evidence compels us to dismiss nearly all data and to conclude that we know almost nothing about the materials and form of the scourge used at Jesus’ time.
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Fadda, Salvatore. "The dismembered collection of antiquities of Lowther Castle." Journal of the History of Collections 31, no. 2 (November 24, 2018): 319–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhc/fhy050.
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Abstract From 1842 until his death in 1872, Sir William Lowther, 2nd Earl of Lonsdale, gathered a remarkable collection of ancient works of art. The collection was displayed in two galleries added to his manor for this purpose in 1866. Of the great assemblage, acquired through the dismemberment of previous British collections, little information has come down to our day. It was composed of more than 100 pieces of Egyptian, Etruscan, Greek, and mostly Roman sculpture, whose selection reflected the spirit of the collections of the ‘Golden Age of Dilettantism’ during the Victorian era. The collection, unusually for the time, also included a selection of Romano-British antiquities. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the formation and the dispersal of the collection and to clarify the cultural factors that determined the gathering of this eclectic assemblage of ancient objects.
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James, Simon. "Roman archaeology: crisis and revolution." Antiquity 77, no. 295 (March 2003): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00061494.
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Roman archaeological research in Britain has undergone a revolution in recent years, becoming a theoretically-informed subdiscipline exploring exceptionally rich data sets in new ways. It has a great deal to offer the rest of archaeology: however, it remains unduly isolated, and some perceive serious threats to its future. These were issues discussed at the recent seminar, ‘Whither Roman Archaeology?’
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Rizzetto, Mauro, Pam J. Crabtree, and Umberto Albarella. "Livestock Changes at the Beginning and End of the Roman Period in Britain: Issues of Acculturation, Adaptation, and ‘Improvement’." European Journal of Archaeology 20, no. 3 (March 27, 2017): 535–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2017.13.
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This article reviews aspects of the development of animal husbandry in Roman Britain, focusing in particular on the Iron Age/Roman and Roman/early medieval transitions. By analysing the two chronological extremes of the period of Roman influence in Britain we try to identify the core characteristics of Romano-British husbandry by using case studies, in particular from south-eastern Britain, investigated from the perspective of the butchery and morphometric evidence they provide. Our aim is to demonstrate the great dynamism of Romano-British animal husbandry, with substantial changes in livestock management occurring at the beginning, the end, and during the period under study. It is suggested that such changes are the product of interactions between different cultural and social traditions, which can be associated with indigenous and external influences, but also numerous other causes, ranging from ethnic origins to environmental, geographic, political, and economic factors.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Lynch, Pamela. "The people of Roman Britain : a study of Romano-British burials." University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0101.
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This thesis utilises the evidence from mortuary archaeology to explore the identity of the inhabitants of Britain during the period of Roman rule. It assimilates burial evidence from diverse sources both published and unpublished and integrates it with other material and literary evidence to investigate the people of the province and examine aspects of their lives. By assessing the extent and reliability of the mortuary evidence and by combining this evidence from major cemeteries, smaller burial sites and individual or isolated burials it has been possible to determine aspects of their lives from a different perspective than that previously employed. The thesis has been divided into five parts. Part 1 (chapters 1 to 3) serves as an introduction. Part 2 (chapters 4 and 5) considers the evidence available while Part 3 (chapters 6 to 8) focuses on specific groups within the population. Part 4 (chapter 9) looks at instances of death and burial that differ from the norm and Part 5 (chapters 10-12) presents a picture of the daily life of these people. The study concludes with a summing up of the evidence and a look at the future of mortuary studies of Roman Britain. The introductory chapters set out the objectives of the dissertation, look at the work that has already been done in this area and evaluates the need for a synthesis of the available evidence. The scope of the project, both temporally and geographically is outlined in chapter 2. The third chapter takes a look at the contemporary written evidence available, in the form of literary and epigraphic contributions, and assesses its reliability as an indicator of the appearance and lives of the Romano-Britons. This survey looks not only at the Roman view of the natives of the province but extends beyond the Roman period to examine the literary evidence that is available from the subsequent centuries. Chapters 4 and 5 take an in-depth look at the evidence available on the people of Roman Britain. The extent of the burial evidence is reviewed in chapter 4 while chapter 5 deals specifically and in depth with how this evidence can be utilised. The skeletal evidence is assessed for its extent and reliability. Factors affecting the survival of the remains is appraised and the effects of the biases created by such differential survival considered. Grave-goods and the organisation of the cemeteries are brought into the evaluation and the strengths and weaknesses of all of the evidence evaluated. The following chapters (6 to 11) focus on discrete aspects of the population. Chapters 6 to 8 look at the representation of specific groups within the community - the young, the elderly and those who arrived from other parts of the empire. With the aim of providing an indication of the diversity of both the composition of the population, the communities they represent and the associated burial rites, chapter 9 examines some of the more distinctive burials from Britain during this period. An area of intense interest, decapitation burials provides the focal point of this chapter. What may appear to be more mundane aspects of the lives of these people occupy chapters 10 to 12. What kept them busy, their occupations and their pastimes is viewed from the perspective of the burial evidence in chapters 10 and 11, while chapter 12 examines the mortuary evidence, in the form of funerary art and the remains of clothing, hair and accessories for their appearance.
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Wright, Nigel Richard Reginald. "Separating Romans and barbarians : rural settlement and Romano-British material culture in North Britain." University of Western Australia. School of Humanities, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0124.
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This thesis investigates the role which Roman artefacts played within rural settlements in North Britain during the Romano-British period. The possibility that Roman artefacts were used by native Britons as markers of prestige is explored through the presence or absence of Roman artefact types. The more prestigious the occupants of the rural settlements were, the more likely they were to have access to a variety of exotic trade items. The methodology employed in this study has been adapted from previous studies on pottery types and settlement remains from Scotland. This thesis examines an area that centres on Hadrian's Wall, which at various times in its history acted as the frontier for the Roman Empire, as well as being a staging post for troops and a means of controlling the local population's movement. The study region includes land up to 50 kilometres either side of Hadrian's Wall, and examines rural settlements located within one or two days travel from the Wall. The excavation reports of rural settlements were examined, and include settlement types such as homesteads, hillforts and villas. From these sites, Roman artefact types were quantified and used to generate data for analysis. The results agree with the hypothesis that social hierarchy can be detected through the comparative presence or absence of Roman artefact types. It is also apparent that the settlements on either side of Hadrian's Wall, and either side of the Pennines mountain chain, were not part of a simple, homogenous culture. This thesis begins with an outline of the geographic and environmental nature of the region (Chapter 2), and an examination of settlement and society in North Britain during the preceding Bronze and Iron Ages (Chapter 3). An essay on Romano-British society and settlement is included (Chapter 4), and is followed by a brief discussion of post- Roman Britain (Chapter 5). Following an outline of the methodology used (Chapter 6), the results of analysis are presented in detail (Chapter 7). The Discussion chapter explores how the results of analysis meet existing theories of rural settlement and society, and compares North Britain with continental data from Germany and North Gaul (Chapter 8).
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McGowen, Stacey Lynne. "Sacred and civic stone monuments of the northwest Roman provinces." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670012.
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O'Brien, Elizabeth. "Post-Roman Britain to Anglo-Saxon England : the burial evidence reviewed." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e415687f-4964-4225-8bc3-23e4ab8e5e78.
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This thesis is the result of a decision to extend the approach used by me when examining Irish burial practices, to a review of the archaeological and documentary record for burial practices and associated phenomena in the transitional period from late/post-Roman Britain to Anglo-Saxon England. The study considers burial rites; the method of disposal of physical remains, the position and orientation of bodies, and burial structures and enclosures: grave-goods are only referred to when they are pertinent to a particular line of argument. My intention is to draw together the various aspects of burial of the Iron Age, Romano-British and Anglo-Saxon periods in order to look at the overall picture. Occasionally this may mean stating the obvious, but by noting and plotting distributions of various burial traits first in the Iron Age and Romano-British periods, and then comparing these traits with the Anglo-Saxon period some revealing results can be obtained. It was important to begin with the Iron Age since some minority practices current in the early Anglo-Saxon period had a continuous history from the pre-Roman period. They are of importance in demonstrating the continuities that existed alongside major changes. [continued in text ...]
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Klingle, David Adam. "The use of skeletal evidence to understand the transition from Roman to Anglo-Saxon Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609949.
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Merriman, Kristine Roberta. "The context of organic residues in archaeological vessels of ceramic and Bronze." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:40bef755-49f0-4c51-ad13-41bf7bec55df.
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Since the 1970s, the study of molecular organics preserved in archaeological ceramics, commonly referred to as organic residue analysis, has been used to infer vessel use and study dietary, economic, and ritual activities in the past. The purpose of this project is to analyse organic residues from a variety of ancient vessels and attempt to understand further the relationship between molecular organic preservation and vessel characteristics. It has been previously assumed that the absorption of these organics in the ceramic matrix is predominantly responsible for their preservation. The clarification of this or other preservative mechanisms and the further understanding of the relationships of vessels with their contents has a direct impact on the interpretation of organic residues and vessel use. The first section addresses the preservation of molecular organics in pottery vessels from Tel Kabri, Israel; Tel Megiddo, Israel; and Lefkandi, Greece. The one hundred and thirty-three samples from these three sites represent vessels used in domestic, burial, ritual, and elite contexts from the Early Bronze Age through the Iron Age Eastern Mediterranean. The focus of the study is the quantification of residue yields and identification of potential links with vessel properties and characteristics of the ceramic samples. Sequential extractions using two methods, conventional chloroform/methanol solvent extraction and direct FAME extraction/derivatisation, were applied to the sherds to test the absorption and adsorption of organics into ceramic materials. The majority of samples were tested non-destructively, enabling the comparison of residue yields to certain vessel properties and characteristics displayed in the same sherds. Where available, data concerning vessel form, sampling location on the vessel profile, thickness measurements were recorded, and XRF measurements were taken, with this in mind. The second section investigates the question of whether bronze and copper alloy vessels have the capability to preserve molecular organics within their corrosion products. Twenty-two samples of corrosion and associated material from five Early Roman bronze vessels found in cremation burials during the A2 Pepperhill to Cobham project in County Kent, United Kingdom were studied for organic material. These samples provide some of the first evidence that the residues of original content are preserved in copper alloy vessels either through entrapment in or reactions with copper corrosion.
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Cutler, Hannah Jane. "Understanding late Middle Palaeolithic Neandertal landscape-use during short-term occupations in Britain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708600.
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White, Natalie Catherine Christina. "Catering for the cultural identities of the deceased in late pre-Roman Iron Age and Roman Britain." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609832.
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Niestrath, Sean E. "The Roman mission to Anglo-Saxon England Augustine to Whitby (597-663) /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Walton, P. J. "Rethinking Roman Britain : an applied numismatic analysis of the Roman coin data recorded by the Portable Antiquities Scheme." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318144/.
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This thesis explores the potential of Roman coin data, particularly that recorded by the PAS, as a tool for understanding the development of the Roman province of Britannia. Using a range of Applied Numismatic techniques, it surveys patterns of coin loss to evaluate when, where, by whom and for what purpose Roman coins were employed. In doing so, it provides an insight not only into the economy of Roman Britain, but also a range of themes such as regionality and Romanisation. Five case-studies involve analysis of the coin data at a national or regional level. The first, outlined in Chapter 4, explores mean values for coin loss and presents a new method for investigating denominational variation. This provides fundamental context for all research undertaken in this thesis. It is followed by four chapters that offer a snapshot of patterns of coin loss at key moments during the history of Roman Britain. These include analyses of Republican and Claudian issues, Carausian and Allectan coinage, and mid fourth to early fifth century coinage. Two further case studies focus on patterns of coin loss at a regional and site-specific level. Chapter 9 integrates site find and hoard evidence from the Isle of Wight, in order to investigate its development within a provincial context. The usefulness of coin assemblages for identifying settlement foci and tracing their chronologies is also assessed. Chapter 10 explores the character and date of a votive deposit from Piercebridge, County Durham. It compares and contrasts the coin profile for the site with other votive assemblages from Roman Britain, in order to test the theory that particular types of site exhibit particular types of coin loss. The treatment of coins is also assessed as are non-numismatic finds’ data. Chapter 11 summarises the conclusions reached in individual chapters and explores how they lead to an enhanced understanding of Roman Britain. Recommendations for further work are also made.
Books on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Museum, British, ed. Roman Britain. 2nd ed. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1997.
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Catherine, Johns, ed. Roman Britain. London: British Museum Press, 2002.
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Catherine, Johns, ed. Roman Britain. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.
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Roman Britain. 2nd ed. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton Pub., 1998.
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A history of Roman Britain. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press, 1997.
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The ending of Roman Britain. London: Routledge, 2000.
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The ending of Roman Britain. Savage, Md: Barnes & Noble Books, 1989.
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The ending of Roman Britain. London: Batsford, 1989.
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Wacher, J. S. A portrait of Roman Britain. London: Routledge, 2000.
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Bédoyère, Guy De la. Companion to Roman Britain. Stroud: Tempus, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Diaz-Andreu, Margarita. "The Early Search for a National Past in Europe (1789–1820)." In A World History of Nineteenth-Century Archaeology. Oxford University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199217175.003.0020.
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In the nineteenth century, the allure of the past of the Great Civilizations was soon to be contested by an alternative—that of the national past. This interest had already grown in the pre-Romantic era connected to an emerging ethnic or cultural nationalism (Chapter 2). However, its charm would not be as enticing to the lay European man and woman of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, who were much more under the influence of neoclassicism (Chapter 3). The Western European nations had no monuments comparable to the remains of Greece, Rome or Egypt. Before the Roman expansion into most of Western Europe in antiquity, there had been few significant buildings, apart from unspectacular prehistoric tombs and megalithic monuments whose significance was unrecognized by the modern scholar. Roman remains beyond Italy were not as impressive as those found to the south of the Alps. Because of this it seemed much more interesting to study the rich descriptions the ancient authors had left about the local peoples and institutions the Romans had created during their conquest. Throughout the eighteenth century the historical study of medieval buildings and antiquities had also increasingly been gaining appeal. In Britain their study instigated the early creation of associations such as the Society of Antiquaries of 1707, but even this early interest did not lead to medieval antiquities receiving attention in institutions such as the British Museum, where they would only receive a proper departmental status well into the nineteenth century (Smiles 2004: 176). In comparative terms, the national past and its relics were perceived by many to be of secondary rate when judged against the history and arts of the classical civilizations. During the French Revolution and its immediate aftermath, for example, the national past would not be as appreciated by as many people and antiquarians as that of the Great Civilizations (Jourdan 1996). This situation, however, started to change in the early nineteenth century. There were three key developments in this period, all inherited from Enlightenment beliefs, which were the foundation for archaeology as a source of national pride. The effects of these would be seen especially from the central decades of the century.
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"The Great Disentanglement." In The Material Fall of Roman Britain, 300-525 CE, 176–92. University of Pennsylvania Press, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18dvv4x.12.
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"The Great Harvard Brooch Bibliography." In Brooches in Late Iron Age and Roman Britain, 258–82. Oxbow Books, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvh1dv2x.18.
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Melman, Billie. "The Road to Alexandria, the Paths to Siwa." In Empires of Antiquities, 311–42. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824558.003.0011.
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Chapter 10 examines the rediscovery, between the early 1920s and the 1950s, of the Graeco-Roman Near East, particularly Egypt. It considers the writings and activities of archaeologists, explorers, modernist writers, and journalists, who experienced and represented Near Eastern remnants of a Hellenism associated with the short-lived world empire of Alexander the Great and its Ptolemaic successors. After briefly considering writings on Graeco-Roman Transjordan, the chapter looks at the imagining and representations of Ptolemaic Alexandria, focusing on the writings of E. M. Forster, Mary Butts, Henry Vollam Morton, and a host of British, American, and Egyptian intellectuals, authors, and explorers. These authors perceived and experienced modern Alexandria as a Greek rather than an Egyptian city and comprehended it by invoking a cosmopolitan Graeco-Roman past. Alexandria served as a launching board to revivals of Alexander’s travels in Egypt’s Western Desert, to the oasis of Siwa, reputed place of his deification. The chapter traces re-enactments of classical texts on Alexander, as a form of appropriation by repetition and interpretation, of an imperial Graeco-Roman past. It demonstrates how imperial visions and itineraries were coupled with technologies of mechanized mobility in the desert in specially developed desert automobiles, iconized as emblems of imperial mobility and modernity. It thus showcases the relationship between the rediscovery of antiquity, technologies, and imperial defence. These are illustrated in the activities of explorer and military man and physicist Ralph Alger Bagnold. Some of the writings examined here expand beyond the formal end of British rule in the Near East, indicating the persistence of British imperial presences in the region immediately before and after the formal end of empire.
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"Single Finds Reported through the Portable Antiquities Scheme." In A Study of the Deposition and Distribution of Copper Alloy Vessels in Roman Britain, 91–108. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvr43j8m.9.
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Schultz, Jenna M. "Inventing England: English identity and the Scottish ‘other’, 1586–1625." In Local antiquities, local identities, 305–26. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526117045.003.0015.
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Through dynastic accident, England and Scotland were united under King James VI and I in 1603. To smooth the transition, officials attempted to create a single state: Great Britain. Yet the project had a narrow appeal; the majority of the English populace rejected a closer relationship with Scotland. Such a strong reaction against Scotland resulted in a revived sense of Englishness. This essay analyzes English tactics to distance themselves from the Scots through historical treatises. For centuries, the English had created vivid histories to illuminate their ancient past. It is evident from the historical works written between 1586 and 1625 that authors sought to maintain a position of dominance over Scotland through veiled political commentaries. As such, their accounts propagated an English national identity based on a sense of historical supremacy over the Scottish. This was further supported through the use of language studies and archaeological evidence. After the 1603 Union of the Crowns, these stories did not change. Yet, questions arose regarding the king's genealogy, as he claimed descent from the great kings of both kingdoms. Consequently, historians re-invented the past to merge their historical accounts with the king's ancestral claims while continuing to validate English assertions of suzerainty.
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Christian, Kathleen, and Bianca de Divitiis. "Introduction." In Local antiquities, local identities, 1–12. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526117045.003.0001.
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The essays brought together in this volume consider the reuse of antiquities and conceptions of the classical past in local communities across early modern Europe. Arising from a conference held at the Warburg Institute in November 2014, the volume brings together essays by speakers, as well as new additions by invited contributors. It unites work by historians of art and architecture, historians and literary scholars that complicates the notion of a unitary, Greco-Roman past revived in a single European ‘Renaissance’, broadening the scope of research in the light of recent interest in regional histories and local antiquarianisms. Adopting an interdisciplinary and comparative method, these essays investigate how communities and individuals from the fifteenth century, guided by local concerns, were engaged with the invention of the past through the strategic, creative use of texts and images. Contributions consider the revival of the antique not only in the so-called centres of Italy that have long been the focus of study, but also in cities and regions regarded as peripheral, examining diverse political contexts in both Protestant and Catholic Europe – Milan, Ancona, southern Italy, France, Spain, Portugal, Poland, Britain, the Low Countries and elsewhere. As interdisciplinary studies, the essays explore a range of related cultural phenomena: antiquarianism, civic histories, excavations, artistic and architectural projects, collections of antiquities, or the reuse of classical literary models in vernacular poetry....
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Montgomery, Alan. "Reconquering the Highlands: Hanoverian interpretations of Roman Scotland." In Classical Caledonia, 112–30. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474445641.003.0007.
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The sixth chapter focuses on the years following the failure of the 1745 Jacobite uprising, a period which would witness dramatic social change, particularly in the Scottish Highlands. The Hanoverian regime’s attempt to subdue the north of Scotland and wipe out Gaelic culture was clearly based on ancient Roman precedents. In addition, a number of the Hanoverian military men who were based in Scotland after the ’45 would become interested in the region’s Roman heritage, leading to many new discoveries and influential publications. Best known among these men are General Robert Melville and Major General William Roy, whose posthumously published Roman Antiquities of the Romans in North Britain would include many maps and plans of Scottish Roman sites.
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Abulafia, David. "The Last Mediterranean, 1950–2010." In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0049.
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The late twentieth century was one of the great periods of Mediterranean migration. Migrations out of North Africa and into and out of Israel have been discussed in the previous chapter. The history of migration out of Sicily and southern Italy began as far back as the late nineteenth century, and it was largely directed towards North and South America. In the 1950s and 60s it was redirected towards the towns of northern Italy. Southern Italian agriculture, already suffering from neglect and lack of investment, declined still further as villages were abandoned. Elsewhere, colonial connections were important; for example, British rule over Cyprus brought substantial Greek and Turkish communities to north London. Along with these migrants, their cuisines arrived: pizza became familiar in London in the 1970s, while Greek restaurants in Britain had a Cypriot flavour. Not surprisingly, the food of the south of Italy took a strong lead among Italian émigrés: the sublime creation of Genoese cooks, trenette al pesto, was little known outside Italy, or indeed Liguria, before the 1970s. But the first stirrings of north European fascination with Mediterranean food could be felt in 1950, when Elizabeth David’s Book of Mediterranean Food appeared. It drew on her often hair-raising travels around the Mediterranean, keeping just ahead of the enemy during the Second World War. Initially, the book evoked aspirations rather than achievements: Great Britain was still subject to post-war food rationing, and even olive oil was hard to find. With increasing prosperity in northern Europe, the market for unfamiliar, Mediterranean produce expanded and finally, in 1965, Mrs David found the confidence to open her own food shop. By 1970 it was not too difficult to find aubergines and avocados in the groceries of Britain, Germany or Holland; and by 2000 the idea that a Mediterranean diet rich in fish, olive oil and vegetables is far healthier than traditional north European diets often based on pork and lard took hold. Interest in regional Mediterranean cuisines expanded all over Europe and North America – not just Italian food but Roman food, not just Roman food but the food of the Roman Jews, and so on.
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Ng, Su Fang. "Heirs to Rome." In Alexander the Great from Britain to Southeast Asia, 49–74. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777687.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the ways in which the Ottomans claimed Alexander the Great and saw themselves as heirs to Rome. More specifically, it examines how diplomatic and literary engagements with the Ottomans helped structure both British and Southeast Asian engagements with each other, coalescing around their competitive imitatio Alexandri. The chapter begins with a discussion of the flourishing diplomatic and trade relations between the peripheries and the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century and how such engagements framed trading ties that the British began to establish with Southeast Asians toward the end of the sixteenth century and in the early seventeenth. It then considers how early modern Ottomans borrowed from the Roman heritage of the Byzantines to forge a culturally-hybrid imperial identity. It suggests that Alexandrian imitations in the peripheries were possible responses to Ottoman claims to universal empire.
Conference papers on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Strokov, A. "НЕКРОПОЛЬ ФАНАГОРИИ – ПЕРВЫЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ РАДИОУГЛЕРОДНОГО ДАТИРОВАНИЯ." In Радиоуглерод в археологии и палеоэкологии: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Материалы международной конференции, посвященной 80-летию старшего научного сотрудника ИИМК РАН, кандидата химических наук Ганны Ивановны Зайцевой. Samara State University of Social Sciences and Education, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-91867-213-6-93-94.
Full textAbstract:
In Russian archaeology radiocarbon dating is used in very rare cases when antiquities from historical periods are studied based on coin finds and historical sources which have their own historical chronology. However, this arrangement does not always work, as some graves do not contain items that can be dated to a narrow time span while a great number of graves often have no funerary offerings at all. The State Historical Museum in Moscow houses archaeological materials from the Phanagoria necropolis excavated in 1936. Phanagoria is is the largest city of the Classical period and the early medieval period (540 BC–10th century). The collection from the necropolis excavations has preserved organic carbon-containing finds from grave 21 (the wood served to make a coffin – juniper, and sea algae). These materials were selected for AMS-dating. The following results were obtained: wood: 342–420 calAD, sea algae – 132–241 calAD. Of particular interest is the impression of the coin of the Roman Emperor Valens (364–378) found in this grave. The AMS-date of the coffin wood fully confirms the traditional archaeological dating of the finds whereas the coin offers an opportunity to narrow down the timeline of the grave to several decades (375–420). The older age of sea algae is caused by a marine reservoir effect which must be taken into account during the verification of the radiocarbon age of the consumers the food intake of which probably included algae.
Reports on the topic "Great Britain – Antiquities, Roman"
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Seamans, Thomas, and Allen Gosser. Bird dispersal techniques. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207730.ws.
Full textAbstract:
Conflicts between humans and birds likely have existed since agricultural practices began. Paintings from ancient Greek, Egyptian, and Roman civilizations depict birds attacking crops. In Great Britain, recording of efforts at reducing bird damage began in the 1400s, with books on bird control written in the 1600s. Even so, the problem persists. Avian damage to crops remains an issue today, but we also are concerned with damage to homes, businesses, and aircraft, and the possibility of disease transmission from birds to humans or livestock. Bird dispersal techniques are a vital part of safely and efficiently reducing bird conflicts with humans. The bird must perceive a technique as a threat if it is to be effective. No single technique can solve all bird conflicts, but an integrated use of multiple techniques, each enhancing the other, generally provides relief.