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Journal articles on the topic 'Grease trap waste (GTW)'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Hu, Yong, Haiyuan Ma, Jiang Wu, Takuro Kobayashi, and Kai-Qin Xu. "Performance Comparison of CSTR and CSFBR in Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Food Waste with Grease Trap Waste." Energies 15, no. 23 (November 25, 2022): 8929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238929.

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In this study, a newly established bench-scale thermophilic continuously stirred fluidized bed reactor (CSFBR) was applied for anaerobic co-digestion of food waste (FW) with grease trap waste (GTW). The performance of CSFBR regarding stability and treatment efficiency was inspected through a laboratory contrast experiment with two traditional continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs). In the OLR range of 3.19–7.41 g COD/L/d, the methane production rate of the thermophilic CSFBR was about as high as that of the thermophilic CSTR. Nevertheless, the thermophilic CSFBR had much lower VFAs (<1000 mg/L) and LCFA concentrations (<100 mg/L) as compared with the thermophilic CSTR. Unlike the mesophilic CSTR, there was no foaming that occurred in the CSFBR during the whole experimental period. The results all suggested that CSFBR simultaneously provided high treatment capacity and process stability in anaerobic digestion with high-lipid loading.

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2

Karjanto, Juffrizal, Nidzamuddin Md Yusof, Mastura Mohd Taha, Muhammad Zulfattah Zakaria, and Nurhidayah Ismail. "The Correlation Parameters for the Construction of Passive Grease Trap for Effective Waste Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 699 (November 2014): 963–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.699.963.

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Fat, oil and grease are the three elements usually found in the municipal sewage systems as the results of improper disposal from the sink. These elements come from domestic and commercial kitchens. The absent or inefficient of a plumbing device known as grease trap has caused the trapped of fat, oil and grease in the sewage systems. There are two types of grease trap, namely Passive Grease Trap and Active Grease Trap. These grease types are collected and they can be recycled and used to produce an energy source, for example biodiesel. In Malaysia, the usages of passive grease traps are exercised. There are two parameters that govern the construction of the grease trap, namely retention time and flow rate. The ratio of sizing including the empirical formulations regarding the flow rate and the retention time will be discussed thoroughly in this paper. Furthermore, the understanding of the nature of the fat, oil and grease and the construction guideline for grease trap will be covered in this paper.

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3

Wang, Ling, Tarek N. Aziz, Joel Ducoste, and Francis L. de los Reyes. "Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Grease Trap Waste." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2012, no. 10 (January 1, 2012): 5428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864712811709661.

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4

Pakvilai, Nisa. "Efficiency of Grease Residue from Grease Trap Waste Water Treatment for Candles Production." International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 9, no. 12 (2018): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijesd.2018.9.12.1135.

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5

Worwąg, Małgorzata. "Impact of Adding Biopreparations on the Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Sewage Sludge with Grease Trap Waste." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 167–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2016-0045.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of using biopreparations on efficiency of the co-fermentation process. Commercial bacterial biopreparations DBC Plus Type L, DBC Plus Type R5 and yeast biopreparations were used in the study. The process of cofermentation of sewage sludge with grease trap waste from a production plant that manufactured methyl esters of fatty acids was analysed in the laboratory environment under mesophilic conditions. The sludge in the reactor was replaced once a day, with hydraulic retention time of 10 days. Grease trap waste accounted for 35%wt. of the fermentation mixture. The stabilization process was monitored everyday based on the measurements of biogas volume. Addition of yeast biopreparation to methane fermentation of sewage sludge with grease trap waste caused an increase in mean daily biogas production from 6.9 dm3 (control mixture) to 9.21dm3 (mixture M3). No differences in biogas production were found for other cases (mixtures M1, M2). A similar relationship was observed for methane content in biogas.

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6

Carie A., Curry-Cutter, and Nicholson Jeffrey. "From Grease Trap Waste to FAME: Analyzing Long Chain Fatty Acids in Grease Trap Waste via Derivatization to Their Fatty Acid Methyl Esters." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2014, no. 6 (October 1, 2014): 1638–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864714815942044.

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7

Tran, Nam Nghiep, Marina Tišma, Sandra Budžaki, Edward J. McMurchie, Yung Ngothai, Olivia Maria Morales Gonzalez, and Volker Hessel. "Production of Biodiesel from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Review." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 60, no. 46 (September 30, 2021): 16547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02496.

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8

Hums, Megan E., Richard A. Cairncross, and Sabrina Spatari. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel Produced from Grease Trap Waste." Environmental Science & Technology 50, no. 5 (February 10, 2016): 2718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b02667.

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9

Al-Shudeifat, M. A., and A. B. Donaldson. "Combustion of waste trap grease oil in gas turbine generator." Fuel 89, no. 3 (March 2010): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.10.016.

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10

Yalcinkaya, Sedat, and Joseph F. Malina. "Anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge and un-dewatered grease trap waste for assessing direct feed of grease trap waste in municipal digesters." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 104 (October 2015): 490–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.08.007.

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11

Chung, Greg, Richard York, and Stephan Rank. "MAKING COGENERATION PENCIL OUT: ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION OF GREASE TRAP WASTE." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2007, no. 14 (January 1, 2007): 4506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864707787974616.

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12

Lopez, Ryan J., Scott R. Higgins, Eulyn Pagaling, Tao Yan, and Michael J. Cooney. "High rate anaerobic digestion of wastewater separated from grease trap waste." Renewable Energy 62 (February 2014): 234–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2013.06.047.

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13

Zhu, Zhenwei, Michael K. Hsueh, and Qiang He. "Enhancing biomethanation of municipal waste sludge with grease trap waste as a co-substrate." Renewable Energy 36, no. 6 (June 2011): 1802–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2010.11.014.

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14

Pongthornpruek, Supaporn, and Achitpon Sasitharanuwat. "The Utilization of Bamboo Residues and Grease Waste for Charcoal Briquette Production." Applied Mechanics and Materials 886 (January 2019): 154–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.886.154.

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This study aims to investigate appropriate utilization of mixing grease waste (GW) from a canteen’s grease trap with bamboo residues charcoal (BC) to produce briquette fuel in the various ratio by weight, 1:2, 2:2, 3:2 and 4:2 (GW:BC). The physical and chemical properties of briquette fuel were analyzed to verify its heating value components as specified by the American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM). The results showed that the mixture of all components could produce charcoal briquette fuel. The GW:BC mixing ratios 3:2 and 4:2 have heating values exceeding the minimum requirement under the Thai Community Product Standard (tcps 238/2004). The briquettes mixing ratio of 3:2 was suitable for utilization. The heating value high to 7,938 cal/g on a dry basis.The charcoal briquette mixed with grease waste can be a feasible alternative energy source for incinerating which minimize to reduce waste.

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15

Trentini, Caroline Portilho, Bruna Tais Ferreira de Mello, Najla Postaue, Natália Stevanato, Lúcio Cardozo-Filho, and Camila da Silva. "Interesterification of grease trap waste lipids using methyl acetate under supercritical conditions." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 164 (October 2020): 104896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104896.

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16

Wu, Li-Jie, Takuro Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Yu-You Li, and Kai-Qin Xu. "Improved biogas production from food waste by co-digestion with de-oiled grease trap waste." Bioresource Technology 201 (February 2016): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.11.061.

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17

Wilkinson, Kevin, David Beardsell, Graham Hepworth, Emily Tee, Vanessa Hood, and Craig Hudson. "Effect of Maturation of Grease Trap Compost On Plant Growth." Compost Science & Utilization 17, no. 1 (January 2009): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065657x.2009.10702398.

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18

Long, J. Hunter, Joel J. Ducoste, and Tarek N. Aziz. "Life Cycle Assessment of Grease Trap Waste Co-Digestion, Land Application, and Composting." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2012, no. 10 (January 1, 2012): 5413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864712811709436.

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19

Trentini, Caroline Portilho, Jhessica Marchini Fonseca, Lucio Cardozo-Filho, Ralpho R. Reis, Silvio César Sampaio, and Camila da Silva. "Assessment of continuous catalyst-free production of ethyl esters from grease trap waste." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 136 (June 2018): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2018.02.018.

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20

Tran, Nghiep Nam, Marina Tišma, Sandra Budžaki, Edward J. McMurchie, Olivia Maria Morales Gonzalez, Volker Hessel, and Yung Ngothai. "Scale-up and economic analysis of biodiesel production from recycled grease trap waste." Applied Energy 229 (November 2018): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.106.

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21

WARD, PAULA MARIE L. "Brown and Black Grease Suitability for Incorporation into Feeds and Suitability for Biofuels." Journal of Food Protection 75, no. 4 (April 1, 2012): 731–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-221.

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Waste grease lipids used in animal feeds have been the cause of food recalls in Europe, where such materials were incorporated into animal feedstuffs. This resulted in unwanted residues in human food. The composition of such lipid sources has been lacking. Seventeen composite trap grease and isolated brown grease samples were analyzed. Analytes included nutrients, metals, and volatile organic compounds. Analytes were selected for relevance to wastewater treatment and resource reuse potential. Moisture averaged 89.4% and the pH was 3.8. The 5-day biological oxygen demand was 32,531 mg/liter, solids were 7.5%, and fats, oil, and grease were 48,970 mg/liter. Non–polychlorinated biphenyl volatile organic compounds were surveyed. In the 17 grease samples, 14 contained an average of 102.5 μg/liter chloroform; 11 samples contained acetone, averaging 369 μg/liter; 9 samples contained 2-butanone, with an average of 484 μg/liter; and 8 contained an average of 710 μg/liter methylene chloride and toluene at 311 μg/liter. The mean concentration of copper in 17 composite samples ranged from 15 to 239 mg/liter, iron averaged 314 mg/liter, lead means ranged from 2.5 to 24 mg/liter, and magnesium averaged 975 mg/liter. It is hypothesized that food preparation facility cleaning and chlorinated cleaning–disinfection agents combined with the organics in the low-pH environment of the traps produce potentially carcinogenic compounds. It is recommended that these waste grease materials be used as a feedstock for biofuel.

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22

Shakourifar, Niloofar, David Krisa, and Cigdem Eskicioglu. "Anaerobic co-digestion of municipal waste sludge with grease trap waste mixture: Point of process failure determination." Renewable Energy 154 (July 2020): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.03.009.

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23

Rojas-Vargas, Julián, José Mora-Barrantes, Pablo Herrera-Vargas, and Vinicio Arias-Zuñiga. "Waste management: a study on generating organic fertilizer from oil and grease trap systems." Uniciencia 36, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/ru.36-1.1.

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The grease and oil trap systems (GOTS) of four university food service establishments (FSE) were assessed and treated to evaluate the potential use of the sludge collected to produce compost. The sludge collected from each FSE was kept in a drying bed for 30 days (SDB), during which time calcium oxide was frequently added for stabilization. The sludge deposited monthly was reduced to half after the drying process and was then deposited in a composter and mixed for a period of 22 days with constant agitation. The compost obtained was treated with degrading enzymes and was denominated enzymatic composting (EC), while the remaining compost was not treated with enzyme and was denominated non-enzymatic compost (NEC). The total composting cycle of the sludge lasted 83 days, during which time various physical and chemical analyzes were conducted in the three types of substrates (SDB, NEC, and EC). The total time of the research was 2.5 years. The percentages of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium suggest the use of the three substrates as organic fertilizer. A recommendation resulting from this research is to evaluate the sludge quality by mixing it with other substrates such as fruit peels with high nitrogen content and the sludge from wastewater treatment systems.

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24

Nitayapat, Nuttakan, and Pakamon Chitprasert. "Characterisation of FOGs in grease trap waste from the processing of chickens in Thailand." Waste Management 34, no. 6 (June 2014): 1012–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2013.09.010.

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25

Razaviarani, Vahid, Ian D. Buchanan, Shahid Malik, and Hassan Katalambula. "Pilot-scale anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge with restaurant grease trap waste." Journal of Environmental Management 123 (July 2013): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.03.021.

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26

Kobayashi, Takuro, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, and Kai-Qin Xu. "Variable oil properties and biomethane production of grease trap waste derived from different resources." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 119 (April 2017): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.07.001.

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27

Egerland Bueno, Beatriz, Jenny Carolina Rosero Henao, Sarita Cândida Rabelo, Tamara Maria Gomes, Rogers Ribeiro, and Giovana Tommaso. "Methane production from anaerobic digestion of dairy grease trap waste: Effect of sugarcane bagasse addition." Environmental Quality Management 31, no. 1 (April 14, 2021): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.21740.

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28

Wu, Li-Jie, Takuro Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Yu-You Li, and Kai-Qin Xu. "Recovery strategies of inhibition for mesophilic anaerobic sludge treating the de-oiled grease trap waste." International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 104 (October 2015): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.06.020.

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29

Awad, Sary, and Mohand Tazerout. "Biodiesel Production Unit from Lab Scale to Industrial Pilot Plant: Material and Energy Balance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 492 (January 2014): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.492.380.

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The modern society is, nowadays, facing two major problems: the energy sources depletion and the degradation of the ecologic system because of wastes rejection. The energetic valorization of wastes contributes on the resolution of both problems. In the present work, a feasibility study of an industrial pilot scale installation for the production of biodiesel from waste grease traps is lead. The installation is meant to transform 1000 tons of fat trap grease per year to biodiesel by transesterification. The daily production of the unit reaches 3200 l of biodiesel. All necessary equipments were sized following process engineering design and based on lab scale optimization experiments. Installation energy balance was also realized and it showed that the energy required for the installation functioning does not exceed 3.5% of the heating value of produced biodiesel.

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30

Bond, T., C. J. Brouckaert, K. M. Foxon, and C. A. Buckley. "A critical review of experimental and predicted methane generation from anaerobic codigestion." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 183–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.845.

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Anaerobic digestion is increasingly being considered as a treatment option for an extensive range of waste biomass, due to the potential for energy recovery, in the form of methane production, and lower sludge volumes relative to aerobic treatment processes. Furthermore, when two substrates are codigested (i.e. digested together), added benefits are foreseeable, such as increased methane production and detoxification of toxic compounds via cometabolic degradation pathways. The objectives of this study were to compare experimental and predicted methane production from codigestion literature studies in order to objectively evaluate digester performance. Two predictive methods were used, both assuming methane yields are additive: literature values for digestion of single substrates and a stoichiometric method using model substrates to represent different substrates. Waste sources included in the analysis were primary sewage sludge, waste activated sludge, cow manure, waste paper, grease trap sludge, fat oil and grease and algal sludge. It was found that methane production could approximately be predicted using both methods, with literature methane yields from the same study being the most accurate predictor. One important finding from this study was that the assumption that methane yields are additive is a reasonable one. Furthermore, both predictive methods may be usefully employed as a screening tool to compare methane yields between different types and blends of substrates.

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31

Tran, Nam Nghiep, Marc Escribà Gelonch, Shu Liang, Zihao Xiao, Mohammad Mohsen Sarafraz, Marina Tišma, Hans-Jürgen Federsel, Steven V. Ley, and Volker Hessel. "Enzymatic pretreatment of recycled grease trap waste in batch and continuous-flow reactors for biodiesel production." Chemical Engineering Journal 426 (December 2021): 131703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.131703.

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32

Tu, Qingshi, Mingming Lu, Ting Lu, Deborah Metz, Biju George, and James Parrot. "Turning Waste Trap Grease into Energy, Practices at the Metropolitan Sewer District of Greater Cincinnati (MSDGC)." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2013, no. 7 (January 1, 2013): 6608–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864713813716723.

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33

Grosser, A., E. Neczaj, B. R. Singh, Å. R. Almås, H. Brattebø, and M. Kacprzak. "Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with grease trap sludge and municipal solid waste as co-substrates." Environmental Research 155 (May 2017): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.007.

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34

Kadi, Mohamed El Amine, Sary Awad, Khaled Loubar, Naim Akkouche, and Mohand Tazerout. "Experimental Study on the Esterification of Fat Trap Grease in a Continuous Reactor." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 12 (December 4, 2019): 6697–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00905-5.

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35

Romero-Güiza, M. S., J. Palatsi, X. Tomas, P. Icaran, F. Rogalla, and V. M. Monsalvo. "Anaerobic co-digestion of alkaline pre-treated grease trap waste: Laboratory-scale research to full-scale implementation." Process Safety and Environmental Protection 149 (May 2021): 958–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2021.03.043.

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36

Nicholson, Jeff, Ronald Latimer, Hunter Long, Holy Anne Hillard, Bill Balzer, Charles Bott, and Steven Chiesa. "A Pilot Scale Investigation of Co-Fermentation of Primary Sludge and Grease Trap Waste for VFA Production." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2013, no. 4 (January 1, 2013): 650–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864713813525716.

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37

Trentini, Caroline Portilho, Najla Postaue, Lucio Cardozo-Filho, Ralpho R. Reis, Silvio César Sampaio, and Camila da Silva. "Production of esters from grease trap waste lipids under supercritical conditions: Effect of water addition on ethanol." Journal of Supercritical Fluids 147 (May 2019): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.02.008.

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38

Bentham, Richard, Nick McClure, and David Catcheside. "Biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 10 (November 1, 1997): 125–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0374.

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The biotreatment of an industrial waste oil condensate has been investigated. The waste is an oily emulsion resulting from chemical processing and condensation of grease trap wastes and industrial waste oils. The oil consists of a complex mix of hydrocarbons with significant fuel oil and lube oil fractions. Currently this waste is disposed of by incineration. The feasibility of using a biological pretreatment process to remove a significant proportion of the hydrocarbons has been investigated. Enrichment cultures produced a stable bacterial consortium. Flask cultures of this enrichment culture were capable of rapid emulsification of the oil. Within 10 days, 40–50% of the oil waste was degraded. Degradation was monitored using gas chromatographic analysis with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and by assessment of microbial dehydrogenase activity using triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) dye reduction. The enrichment culture consisted of 9 component organisms, 7 Gram negative and one Gram positive organisms. Their degradative abilities in monoculture have been investigated. Degradation of the waste using monocultures was monitored using GC-FID analysis of the Pristane:C17 ratio in the waste. The degradation capability of each of the component organisms in pure culture was similar to that of the consortium.

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39

Wu, Li-Jie, Takuro Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Yu-You Li, and Kai-Qin Xu. "Effects of Potassium, Magnesium, Zinc, and Manganese Addition on the Anaerobic Digestion of De-oiled Grease Trap Waste." Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 41, no. 7 (October 22, 2015): 2417–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13369-015-1879-3.

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40

STEPANOV, Sergey V., Olga S. PONOMARENKO, Pavel P. AVDEENKOV, Andrey V. BELYAKOV, Aleksandr S. STEPANOV, and Julia V. RUZANOVA. "ANALYSIS AND TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER FROM FISH PROCESSING ENTERPRISES." Urban construction and architecture 11, no. 2 (December 15, 2021): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2021.02.05.

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A distinctive feature of waste water of fi sh processing enterprises is the high content of organic substances: COD - 620-3500 mg/L, BOD-220-2860 mg/L. The ratio of BOD:COD=0.68-0.83 in the waste water of fi sh processing enterprises shows a high potential for the use of biological treatment methods. Further study requires the removal of biogenic elements, because, for example, for a fi sh cannery, the ratio of BOD:N:P=100:3.79:1.08 and 100:4.77:0.57. This article presents the experience of design, construction, start-up and adjustment of sewage treatment facilities of a fi sh processing enterprise. For wastewater treatment, the following scheme was developed and manufactured by the ECOLOS company: a receiving well with a basket, a drum grate, a horizontal grease trap, an homogenizer, a reagent pressure fl otation unit, a membrane bioreactor, and ultraviolet disinfection. The quality of waste water at the outlet of the treatment facilities meets the requirements of the Normative- permissible discharge provided by LLC «Russkaya Treska».

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41

Septiati, Yosephina Ardiani, Annisa Pratiwi P, Siti Rochmah, and D. Dwinovita. "Pengaruh Jarak dan Kemiringan Plate Settler pada Reaktor Grease Trap terhadap Penurunan Kadar Lemak dan Minyak Limbah Cair Pelayanan Makanan." Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal) 13, no. 2 (December 3, 2022): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32695/jkt.v13i2.256.

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Liquid oil waste water cause oxygen solubility and damage aquatic life. The purpose of the study: knowing the effect of distance and slope between settler plates on grease trap reactors on the elimination of oil and wastewater fats. The research method used field experiments, food service wastewater samples of as much as 250 liters with fat and oil content of 92 mg/l-152 mg/l with random sampling techniques consist of 3 treatments with 6 repetitions, namely treatment 1 (distance 1 cm-slope 500, 600, 700), treatment 2 (distance 2 cm-slope 500, 600, 700), treatment 3 (distance 3 cm-slope 500, 600, 700). There is a significant influence between distance and slope to decreased levels of oil and liquid waste fats (p-value<0.001). There is a jointly significant influence between distance and slope against the decrease in oil levels and liquid limbar fat, with a distance of 1 cm and a slope of 600 providing the largest average decrease in oil and fat content of 93.6 mg/l. Liquid waste advice PT X should be processed to prevent water pollution.

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42

Wu, Li-Jie, Takuro Kobayashi, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Yu-You Li, Kai-Qin Xu, and Yongkang Lv. "High loading anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and grease trap waste: Determination of the limit and lipid/long chain fatty acid conversion." Chemical Engineering Journal 338 (April 2018): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2018.01.041.

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43

Lemus, G. R., A. K. Lau, R. M. R. Branion, and K. V. Lo. "Bench-scale study of the biodegradation of grease trap sludge with yard trimmings or synthetic food waste via composting." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science 3, no. 6 (November 2004): 485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/s04-020.

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44

Belyaeva, Oxana N., and Richard John Haynes. "A comparison of the properties of manufactured soils produced from composting municipal green waste alone or with poultry manure or grease trap/septage waste." Biology and Fertility of Soils 46, no. 3 (November 20, 2009): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0423-6.

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45

Mellyanawaty, Melly, Estin Nofiyanti, A. Ibrahim, N. Salman, N. Nurjanah, and N. Mariam. "Sosialisasi Pengelolaan Limbah Dapur Serta Program 3R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle) Bagi Pemilik Rumah Makan dan Jasa Boga di Wilayah Kota Tasikmalaya." ABDIMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2018): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35568/abdimas.v1i2.324.

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Society services activity in kitchen waste management system has been implemented to the owner of restaurant and catering work in Tasikmalaya City area. This activity has colaborated with Indonesian Catering Associations (APJI). The rapid growth of restaurant and catering activities has created serious problems of energy requirement, water, and solid waste disposal. Less information and limited area become the problems in handling of kitchen waste. A simple technique is needed to overcome the environmental problem which is caused by kitchen waste. The components of kitchen waste include vegetables, peelings, fruit skins, spoilt fruit, cooked and uncooked meat, bones, fats, egg-shells, bread and pastries, cooked food waste, etc. Due to a high organic content, bioconversion technologies such as anaerobic digestion are more suitable to handle the waste convert to biogas. It would be reducing the LPG usage. For the kitchen wastewater, grease trap as pre-treatment followed by a physical and biological process is one of a simple process which can produce the effluent in accordance with government standard. The activities were continued by the socialization of 3R program (reuse, reduce, recycle) by doing demo utilization of kitchen solid waste such as packing material, mineral water bottle is made a handicraft. Knowledge transfer run well and the enthusiasm of the participants in following the activity were very good.

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46

Gough, Heidi L., Diane Nelsen, Christopher Muller, and John Ferguson. "Enhanced Methane Generation During Theromophilic Co-Digestion of Confectionary Waste and Grease-Trap Fats and Oils with Municipal Wastewater Sludge." Water Environment Research 85, no. 2 (February 1, 2013): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143012x13418552642128.

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47

Tu, Qingshi, Mingming Lu, and Gerhard Knothe. "Glycerolysis with crude glycerin as an alternative pretreatment for biodiesel production from grease trap waste: Parametric study and energy analysis." Journal of Cleaner Production 162 (September 2017): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.064.

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Tran, Nghiep N., Edward J. McMurchie, and Yung Ngothai. "Biodiesel Production from Recycled Grease Trap Waste: A Case Study in South Australia. Part 2: Optimization of The Transesterification Process." ChemistrySelect 3, no. 13 (April 6, 2018): 3626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201800064.

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Yalcinkaya, Sedat, and Joseph F. Malina. "Model development and evaluation of methane potential from anaerobic co-digestion of municipal wastewater sludge and un-dewatered grease trap waste." Waste Management 40 (June 2015): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.03.013.

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Kobayashi, Takuro, Hidetoshi Kuramochi, Kouji Maeda, Tomoya Tsuji, and Kaiqin Xu. "Dual-fuel production from restaurant grease trap waste: Bio-fuel oil extraction and anaerobic methane production from the post-extracted residue." Bioresource Technology 169 (October 2014): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.071.

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