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Academic literature on the topic 'Grazing land'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Grazing land"

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Kavana, Pius Yoram, Ephraim J. Mtengeti, Anthony Sangeda, Christopher Mahonge, Robert Fyumagwa, and Bukombe John. "How does agro-pastoralism affect forage and soil properties in western Serengeti, Tanzania?" Tropical Grasslands-Forrajes Tropicales 9, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.17138/tgft(9)120-133.

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The impacts of agro-pastoral activities on soil properties, plus nutritive value and residual standing biomass of herbaceous plants in areas of different land uses in western Serengeti, were evaluated. Vegetation and soil were sampled along 4,000 m transects laid across fallow land, areas grazed only by livestock, mixed grazing (livestock and wildlife) and wildlife grazing only. A total number of 123 plant species were encountered during sampling. Analyses of soil and vegetation samples were conducted at Sokoine University of Agriculture laboratories. The estimated average density of grazing animals encountered was 160 TLU/km2 on transects within livestock-dominated grazing lands, 129 TLU/km2 for mixed grazing and 83 TLU/km2 for wildlife grazing only. Results indicated that ADF, IVDMD, IVOMD, ME and TDN in residual herbaceous forage at flowering were significantly (P<0.05) affected by land use type but CP, NDF and ADL were not affected. Soil pH, OC, CEC, C:N ratio and Ca differed significantly (P<0.05) between land use types. An overall evaluation indicated that regardless of climatic conditions, residual biomass of herbaceous plants in western Serengeti is determined by intensity of grazing, soil C:N ratio and concentrations of Ca and P in the soil. We conclude that agro-pastoral practices conducted in western Serengeti affected residual standing biomass of herbaceous plants and soil properties. We recommend that grazing pressure in communal grazing lands be reduced by either reducing number of grazing animals or duration of grazing in a particular grazing area, and specific studies be conducted to establish stocking rates appropriate for specific communal grazing lands in villages.

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Ibrahim, Temima, Fikrey Tesfay, and Bethel Geremew. "Diversity of Woody Species and Biomass Carbon Stock in Response to Exclosure Age in Central Dry Lowlands of Ethiopia." Open Environmental Research Journal 14, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2590277602114010001.

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Objective: Empirical evidence on the potential of area exclosure in the restoration of severely degraded lands is crucially important. Thus, a study was conducted to examine the influence of exclosure age on vegetation structure, diversity, and biomass carbon stock in the central dry lowland of Ethiopia. Methods: Exclosures of 5, 15, >20 years old, and adjacent open grazing land were selected. Data on vegetation were collected using 20 × 20 m sampling quadrats which were laid along parallel transect lines. Results: The result showed that 17 woody species which represent 9 families were recorded at exclosures and open grazing lands. Shannon-Wiener (H') diversity index ranged from 0.74 (open grazing land) to 2.12 (middle age exclosure). Shannon evenness (E) index was higher in the middle age exclosure (0.80). Woody species basal area and tree density significantly (p < 0.05) increased with increasing exclosure age. The Aboveground woody biomass significantly (p < 0.05) varied from 12.60 (open grazing land) to 68.61 Mg ha-1 (middle age exclosure). Similarly, the aboveground biomass (AGB) carbon stocked was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the middle (32 Mg ha-1) and old age exclosures (31 Mg ha-1). Conclusion: This study indicated that exclusion can restore the degraded vegetation and sequester and stock more atmospheric carbon dioxide in the aboveground biomass. Therefore, open degraded grazing land of the lowland areas can be restored into a promising stage through area exclosure land use management.

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Waterhouse, A., G. Halliday, J. T. Wyllie, and S. Horbury. "Strategies to avoid parasitic gastro-enteritis in an intensive organic hill sheep system." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1992 (March 1992): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600022753.

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In hill sheep systems, a major concern for health and welfare is for lambs grazing improved land at higher stocking rates and succumbing to parasitic gastro-enteritis. With only a small amount of improved land available, there is little or no scope for ‘clean grazing’ systems as access to this better land is crucial on an annual basis to achieve better performance from the flock. Access at lambing and at ewe mating is of particular value. There may however be some scope for reduced parasitic challenge to lambs during the summer grazing period because of the differential in stocking densities between the hill and the improved grazings.

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Johnston, PW, PR Tannock, and IF Beale. "Objective `Safe' Grazing Capacities for South-West Queensland Australia: Model Application and Evaluation." Rangeland Journal 18, no. 2 (1996): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9960259.

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This paper describes the employment of two experienced graziers as consultants to apply and evaluate a model for calculating 'safe' long-term grazing capacities of individual properties. The model was based on ecological principles and entailed estimates of average annual forage grown (kglha) on the different land systems on each property and the calculation of the number of livestock (dry sheep equivalents, DSE) required to 'safely' utilise this forage. The grazier consultants applied and evaluated the 'safe' grazing capacity model on 20 properties of their choosing. For evaluation, model results were compared with; (a) the Department of Lands rated carrying capacities for those properties and (b) the grazing capacity assessed independently by the owners of those properties. For the 20 properties, the average 'safe' grazing capacity calculated by the model (21.0 DSE/kmZ) was 8% lighter than the average of the owner assessed capacities (22.7 DSE/kmZ), which in tum was 37% lighter than the average of the pre-1989 Department of Lands rated carrying capacity (31.0 DSE/kmZ). The grazing land management and administrative implications of these results and the role graziers played as consultants are discussed.

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Fentie, Sabiela Fekad, Kehali Jembere, Endalkachew Fekadu, and Dessale Wasie. "Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics and Properties of Soils under Different Land Uses in the Tejibara Watershed, Ethiopia." Scientific World Journal 2020 (September 1, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1479460.

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Land use changes have long been considered among many factors responsible for physical and chemical soil degradation. This study was conducted to evaluate land use and land cover (LULC) changes and their cumulative effects over 30 years (from 1989 to 2019) on the current physical and chemical properties of soils in the Tejibara watershed, Ethiopia. Image analysis and LULC classifications were performed using ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 and ArcGIS 10.4 software, respectively. For the determination of soil properties, four land use types (natural forest, eucalyptus plantation, cultivated, and grazing lands) and two soil depths (0–20 and 20–40 cm) were used. Triplicate composite soil samples were collected from each land use type and soil depths. For the determination of physical (texture and bulk density) and chemical soil properties such as electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphorus (AP), standard laboratory procedures were employed. The image analysis results for all of the years studied show that cultivated lands have increased in area at the expense of forest and grazing lands. Silt content, clay content, AP, and pH were significantly affected by land use as the main effect while the interaction effects of soil depth and land use were significant for total N and OM only. The highest (10.1 mg/kg) and the lowest (4.9 mg/kg) AP contents were observed in the forest and the grazing lands, respectively. Soil total N content was highest in the forest lands (0.32%) and lowest in cultivated lands (0.06%). Concerning OM content, the highest (11.0%) and the lowest (0.8%) values were recorded in the forest and cultivated lands, respectively. Generally, this study showed that land use changes have reduced the areal coverage by forest and grazing lands and have negatively affected the soil properties. This implies that land use change without soil fertility measures that are appropriate to the area could cause enhanced land degradation and thereby reduce the productivity of the study area soils.

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Gewin, Virginia. "Grazing Raises Land-Use Debate." Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 3, no. 10 (December 2005): 523. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3868602.

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Paton, Colin J., Jeffrey F. Clewett, Alice R. Melland, Tom Newsome, Jochen Eberhard, John McL Bennett, and Craig P. Baillie. "Sustainability of beef production from brigalow lands after cultivation and mining. 1. Sown pasture growth and carrying capacity." Animal Production Science 61, no. 12 (2021): 1246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an20135.

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Context New Acland coal mine in south-eastern Queensland is seeking to rehabilitate mined land to pastures that are safe, stable and sustainable for beef production. Little is known of the productivity and sustainability of grazing previously mined land in the Darling Downs study region. Additionally, information is required to specify management guidelines for sustainable grazing of regional land types retired from cultivation. Aims Identify pasture growth characteristics, rainfall use efficiencies and long-term carrying capacities of subtropical sown pastures established on lands rehabilitated after open-cut coal mining in comparison to sown pastures established on un-mined but previously cultivated lands. Methods Pasture growth and quality (% nitrogen) were observed using the Swiftsynd methodology in ungrazed exclosures with three sites on rehabilitated lands of the Acland Grazing Trial over a 5-year period (2014–2018), and 13 sites on unmined lands over periods of 2–5 years providing data for modelling pasture growth. Key results Peak pasture yield (TSDM for autumn harvests) averaged for 2017 and 2018 was greater (P < 0.1) on rehabilitated sites than unmined Poplar Box land type sites (5957 and 2233 kg/ha respectively) but similar to Brigalow Uplands and Mountain Coolibah land type sites (3946 and 3413 kg/ha respectively). Pasture rundown was evident, with pasture N uptake decreasing over 5 years at some sites. Soil mineral N supply (potentially mineralisable N and mineral N) in spring was a useful indicator of N uptake over the following growing season. Simulations using the GRASP pasture growth model for the grazing trial period predicted rainfall use efficiencies of 12.0, 7.0, 9.1 and 4.8 kg/ha.mm rainfall for rehabilitated sites and unmined sites on Brigalow Uplands, Mountain Coolibah and Poplar Box land types respectively. Long-term carrying capacities based on estimates of long-term median pasture growth and 30% utilisation were 4.39, 3.58 and 5.92 ha/adult equivalent respectively for the unmined land types, and 2.45 ha/adult equivalent for the rehabilitated lands. Conclusions Rehabilitated land can be as productive as unmined but previously cultivated land. Implications Grazing management plans for sustainable management of mined and unmined lands can be developed using data from the present study. The plans will assist with the transition of rehabilitated lands to commercial agriculture.

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Barry, Sheila, and Lynn Huntsinger. "Rangeland Land-Sharing, Livestock Grazing’s Role in the Conservation of Imperiled Species." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 16, 2021): 4466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084466.

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Land sharing, conserving biodiversity on productive lands, is globally promoted. Much of the land highest in California’s biodiversity is used for livestock production, providing an opportunity to understand land sharing and species conservation. A review of United States Fish and Wildlife Service listing documents for 282 threatened and endangered species in California reveals a complex and varied relationship between grazing and conservation. According to these documents, 51% or 143 of the federally listed animal and plant species are found in habitats with grazing. While livestock grazing is a stated threat to 73% (104) of the species sharing habitat with livestock, 59% (85) of the species are said to be positively influenced, with considerable overlap between species both threatened and benefitting from grazing. Grazing is credited with benefiting flowering plants, mammals, insects, reptiles, amphibians, fish, crustaceans, and bird species by managing the state’s novel vegetation and providing and maintaining habitat structure and ecosystem functions. Benefits are noted for species across all of California’s terrestrial habitats, except alpine, and for some aquatic habitats, including riparian, wetlands, and temporary pools. Managed grazing can combat anthropomorphic threats, such as invasive species and nitrogen deposition, supporting conservation-reliant species as part of land sharing.

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Kariuki, Rebecca W., David Western, Simon Willcock, and Robert Marchant. "Assessing Interactions between Agriculture, Livestock Grazing and Wildlife Conservation Land Uses: A Historical Example from East Africa." Land 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010046.

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Despite mobile livestock grazing being widely recognized as one of the most viable and sustainable land uses for semi-arid savanna, which can deliver clear wildlife conservation benefits, the levels of pastoral sedentarization and transitions to agricultural livelihoods continue to rise in many pastoral communities across the world. Using questionnaire interviews with community elders, our study assessed changing trends in livestock grazing, wildlife conservation, and sedentarization levels from the 1960s to the present day across three savannas in southern Kenya. Our study identified the drivers of land uses and land subdivision and the implications of land use change on savanna ecology. Over the last half century, there has been a 30% decline in livestock grazing land in southern Kenya due to the expansion of land for agriculture and wildlife conservation. Despite the decline, livestock grazing remains the preferred land use in subdivided and privatized lands. Pastoralist land used for wildlife conservation was perceived to be higher (30%) in southwestern Kenya compared to southeastern Kenya (16%), despite their geographical proximity. These historical insights provide useful lessons for maintaining space for wildlife, diversifying livelihoods, and increasing the resilience of pastoralists in the process of transitioning from traditional subsistence to market economies and the threats of social and ecological dislocation.

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Ogawa, Ryunosuke, Masahiro Hirata, Birhane Gebremedhin, Satoshi Uchida, Toru Sakai, Kazuhisa Koda, and Koichi Takenaka. "Impact of Differences in Land Management on Natural Vegetation in Semi-Dry Areas: The Case Study of the Adi Zaboy Watershed in the Kilite Awlaelo District, Eastern Tigray Region, Ethiopia." Environments 6, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments6010002.

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The search for a sustainable land management has become a universal issue. It is especially necessary to discuss sustainable land management and to secure a site with enough feed supply to improve the lives of the farmers in the Ethiopian Highlands. This research studied the Adi Zaboy watershed in Tigray in order to reveal the changes in land management, assess how the different forms of land management affected the vegetation through unsupervised classification and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) analysis with geographic information system (GIS) 10.5 using a WorldView-2 satellite image taken in September 2016 and field investigation, and consider how to allow both environmental preservation and sustainable use of feed resources. The land management types at the research site were classified as “seasonally-closed grazing land”, “prohibited grazing and protected forest land”, and “free grazing land”. On comparing the NDVI of each type of land management, it was found that the seasonally-closed grazing land makes it highly possible to secure and supply feed resources by limiting the grazing period. The expansion of the prohibited grazing and protected forest land is likely to tighten the restriction on the use of resources. Therefore, sustainable land management to secure feed resources may be possible by securing and actively using seasonally-closed grazing land, securing feed by a cut-and-carry, and using satellite images and GIS.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grazing land"

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Gibigaye, Adam Boukary Nagnimi Idrissou Bio Imorou. "Les aspects socio-economiques des champs fourragers du projet promotion élevage Atacora cas des sous-préfectures de Kouande et Ouassa-Pehunco /." [Benin] : Université nationale du Bénin, 1991. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/37686716.html.

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Brown, Peter Robert, and n/a. "Pasture response following rabbit control on grazing land." University of Canberra. Resource & Environmental Science, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061113.144813.

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The experiments described in this thesis were designed to assess changes in pasture dynamics (biomass and species composition of pasture) of grazing land on the Southern Tablelands of ACT and NSW, after 16 combinations of rabbit control treatments had been applied. The rabbit control performed by CSIRO Division of Wildlife and Ecology consisted of all combinations of presence-absence of Poisoning (using sodium monofluoroacetate, 1080: POIS), Ripping (ripping warrens using a tractor fitted with ripping tynes: RIP), Fumigation (pressure fumigation using chloropicrin: FUM) and repeated follow-up fumigation (using phostoxin pellets one, six and eighteen months after completion of the initial treatment: ANN). The pasture was assessed before treatments were applied, and every six months after rabbit control treatments. Treatment combinations were assigned randomly in a 24 factorial design on a total of 32 sites. There was a significant increase of pasture biomass at the RIP+ANN treatment at post-treatment sample 5. The analysis of covariance did not detect any other significant increase or decrease of pasture biomass for any rabbit control treatment, at any posttreatment sample. A significant increase of grass species occurred for the treatments of POIS+RIP+FUM, POIS and RIP+ANN for the post-treatment samples of 1, 3 and 5 respectively. There was a significant increase of thistles at the rabbit control treatments of POIS+RIP+FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 1), RIP, ANN, RIP+FUM, RIP+FUM+ANN and POIS+RIP+FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 3) and RIP and FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 5). A significant increase of weeds occurred at FUM (post-treatment sample 3) and at FUM+ANN (post-treatment sample 5). No significant changes in the amount of herbs or legumes was apparent for any rabbit control treatment or post-treatment sample. There were no significant decreases for any species group. Except for the significant results for post-treatment sample 1, all significant increases of biomass for any species group occurred during spring (post-treatment sample 3 and 5) which suggests a growth phase during spring then subsequent dieback (particularly for thistles and weeds), as any change was not detected in the following autumn sample. No strong trend is evident for any particular rabbit control treatments, or any combination of treatments. Analysis of covariance revealed that the rabbit control treatment of RIP+ANN showed significant increases in both total biomass of pasture and grass biomass during post-treatment sample 5. This treatment reduced the number of active entrances the most. Significant positive correlations were found between pasture biomass (total) with grass, herb, legume, thistle and weed species groups. Significant negative correlations between grass biomass and the number of active entrances were found when the rabbit control had been highly effective in reducing the number of active entrances. When rabbit control had not been very successful, there was a significant positive but low correlation with the number of active entrances. There was no significant relationship between the number of active entrances with the weight of rabbit dung pellets. It is reasoned that they are different measures of rabbit abundance. More rabbit dung pellets were found closer to the warren than further away from the warren, but there was no correlation between rabbit dung and pasture biomass. Rainfall was above average for most of the experiment, biomass increased accordingly, and rabbit control was highly successful. The resulting changes in the pasture were difficult to detect, although some increases in species composition groups occurred. It is reasoned that the changes observed are partly attributable to seasonal conditions, and to high rainfall. Grazing by domestic animals, sheep and cattle, had been found to be consistent throughout the experiment.

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Fernandez, de la Pradilla Villar Jose Ignacio. "Land use and population regulation vole dynamics in a grazing experiment /." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=62156.

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Nash, David. "Phosphorus transfer from land to water in pasture-based grazing systems /." Connect to thesis, 2002. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000752.

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Straughton, Eleanor Anne. "Common grazing in the Northern Uplands : land, society, governance, since circa 1800." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428652.

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Lipschutz, Maia Lynn. "Effects of drought and grazing on land bird populations in South Texas." Thesis, Texas A&M University - Kingsville, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10129021.

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Breeding bird surveys were conducted on 7 properties belonging to 2 ranches in South Texas. Using these data I calculated temporal trends, and tested the effects of total May–April precipitation and cattle stocking rate on avian abundance. Trends were calculated for each ranch, the East Foundation and King Ranch, individually due to different range and wildlife management practices. Total avian abundance increased significantly on the 3 East Foundation properties between 2008 and 2015. During 39 breeding bird surveys, 16,441 individual birds of 88 species were recorded. Non-breeding bird surveys were also conducted on East Foundation properties, an increasing trend in total avian abundance was also calculated from these data. Total breeding bird abundance was stable on the 4 King Ranch properties between 2005 and 2013. A total of 19,162 individual birds of 87 species were recorded during 40 breeding bird surveys. The combined effect of livestock use and precipitation had a significant effect on total avian abundance on all King Ranch properties, and on the abundance of some individual species and groups.

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Gross, Kathy Lynn. "Nutritional status of beef cows grazing reclaimed strip mined pastures." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90930.

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A series of four trials over the grazing season were conducted to evaluate the nutritional status of beef cows grazing reclaimed strip-mined pastures in southwestern, Virginia. Blood samples, esophageal fistula forage samples and hand plucked forage samples were taken in each trial. An external marker, Ytterbium, and an internal marker, indigestible neutral detergent fiber (INDF) were used to estimate organic matter intake, fecal output and digestibility. In addition to samples taken during the trials, blood samples and hand plucked forage samples were taken monthly for 11 mo prior to the trial period. In late summer esophageal masticate samples had a low fiber fraction (ADF and NDF), high crude protein and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC) which contributed to a high organic matter digestibility. Hand plucked forage samples had higher TNC than esophageal masticate samples. Organic matter digestibility predicted by the internal marker was highest in late summer 61.6%, similar in spring and late fall, and lowest in mid-summer, 52.6% (p < .01). Fecal output was highest in mid-summer and lowest in spring (p < .05). Estimated intake was not significantly different in any of the trials. Although data was variable, forage quality was higher in May, June, October and November samplings, as indicated by highest CP, TNC, and lower NDF and ADF values, compared with July and August data when forage quality was lowest. Packed cell volume, BUN and serum P and Mg concentrations fell within normal ranges for beef cattle. Low BUN values were observed in spring and late fall which corresponded to low crude protein values observed in the esophageal masticate samples for the same trials. Serum Cu was on the low end of normal values in the late spring and decreased to .6 ppm by late fall. Serum K levels were above the expected values for beef cattle. Serum Na concentrations were lower than normal with lowest values observed throughout spring and summer months.
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Dahlström, Anna. "Betesmarker, djurantal och betestryck 1620-1850 : naturvårdsaspekter på historisk beteshävd i Syd- och Mellansverige /." Uppsala : Department of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200695.pdf.

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Bloor, Marcus. "Review of current vegetation monitoring on privately protected land under ongoing economic use (grazing)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Forestry, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3681.

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There has been a noticeable shift in focus in biodiversity research in New Zealand over recent decades. Research has traditionally focused on biodiversity protection on the public estate, which was comprised primarily of ecosystems with lower productive potential (generally over 500m asl). Private lands generally have higher production potential and are often used for intensive cultivation and agricultural practices. They still however have significant potential for protecting biodiversity values. One of the key tools for protecting biodiversity values on privately owned lands in the Canterbury region are through legally binding QEII open space covenants and there is significant potential through industry certifications. QEII covenants are placed on the land in perpetuity and provide legally binding protection for biodiversity or landscape values within the covenant. This protection is voluntary and allows the land owner to continue to use the land for economic benefit providing it does not prove detrimental to biodiversity through monitoring outcomes. Case studies of QEII covenants that contain grazing clauses in the Canterbury region were used to determine what values are present and what monitoring is occurring in the field within these ecosystems. Photopoints and informal visual monitoring were the primary methods used by the QEII representatives to monitor vegetation in all of the covenants. Monitoring forms a critical feedback for all biodiversity protection. It is especially important to have an accurate feedback on vegetation condition and change from monitoring on properties that are grazed. Monitoring needs to be capable of providing sufficient information on vegetation change on these sites so that the most suitable grazing levels can be obtained by land managers. This thesis focuses on monitoring methods to ensure that this feedback is suitable and that the methods are cost effective. Current vegetation monitoring techniques were reviewed to determine which methods would be most suited to monitoring in these ecosystems where resources are tightly restricted and observers may not have existing skills and experience in monitoring these ecosystems. Methods reviewed were quadrats, transects, height-frequencies, photopoints, needle point, biomass, tagged plants, visual rank and remote sensing. Each method is described and then assessed on its suitability for monitoring tussock shrublands, with cost effectiveness being an important criterion. Of these methods quadrats, transects and height-frequencies were the most robust but also the most intensive and least cost effective methods. Visual rank, needle point and photopoints were the most cost effective, but are generally suited to monitoring single objectives. In most cases a combination of methods would be ideal to suit the objectives of the monitoring. QEII photopoint monitoring should follow guidelines more closely and include more complimentary information with their photographs. Clear monitoring objectives should be developed for every covenant that is grazed and these need to be determined before it is possible to accurately select appropriate monitoring methods. These objectives will also provide the monitoring program with more structure and direction. If possible a detailed management plan for each grazed covenant would be beneficial for values present. QEII are in a unique position, where they have the potential to develop a data base of biodiversity information for private land and contribute to other projects like the National Vegetation Survey (NVS).

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Johnston, Michael Rhodes. "Phosphorus Losses From Simulated Dairy Land Uses of Management Intensive Grazing and Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35321.

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Dairy grazing systems have been promoted as an environmentally friendly alternative to concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). However, questions remain regarding the amount of phosphorus (P) loss from pasture-based dairies. Therefore, the goal of this study was to quantify P losses via runoff from grazing dairy systems and CAFO hay production. Four land use treatments were simulated on runoff release plots planted in two forage treatments. Land use treatments were management intensive grazing (MIG) and CAFO hay production to which manure was applied; grazing and CAFO hay production without manure application served as controls. The forage treatments were orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) and broad-leafed forage (buckhorn plantain [Plantago lanceolata], red clover [Trifolium pretense], and alfalfa [Medicago sativa]). The four land use treatments and two forage treatments had four replications for a total of 32 (4 land use treatments e n2 forage treatments e n ¤ nreplications) runoff release plots. Thirty minutes of runoff was collected from each runoff release plot during six rainfall simulation series. Grab samples of runoff were collected and analyzed for dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids. Particulate P (PP) was determined indirectly by subtracting dissolved reactive P (DRP) from total P (TP). No distinction was observed between DRP concentrations from simulated MIG plots and simulated CAFO plots for the duration of the study. However, a clear divergence of TP concentrations from CAFO hay plots with manure from all other land uses was observed during simulation series 1. DRP concentrations for all land uses were fairly consistent for the duration of the study with the exception of simulation series 2. All land uses had DRP concentrations that would be considered of concern (> 1.0 ppm DRP) by the US-EPA during simulation series 4 and 5. The elevated TP concentrations and mass losses from CAFO hay plots with manure were primarily due to PP losses. Thus, it was concluded that MIG has less potential for P loss than CAFO hay production. Broad-leafed forage had significantly higher DRP, PP, and TP losses than orchardgrass on CAFO hay with manure. However, no significant difference was found between forage types on MIG plots. Thus, either forage could be planted in grazing land without a significant difference in P losses.
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Books on the topic "Grazing land"

1

Houerou, Henry N. Le. Grazing land ecosystems of the African Sahel. London: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Hormay, August Ludwig. Principles of rest-rotation grazing and multiple-use land management. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 1987.

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Hormay, August Ludwig. Principles of rest-rotation grazing and multiple-use land management. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 1987.

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Hormay, August Ludwig. Principles of rest-rotation grazing and multiple-use land management. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 1987.

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Hormay, August Ludwig. Principles of rest-rotation grazing and multiple-use land management. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, 1987.

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Washington (State). Dept. of Natural Resources. Agricultural and grazing lands program policy plan. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Natural Resources, 1988.

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Houérou, H. N. Le. The grazing land ecosystems of the African Sahel. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Le Houérou, Henry Noël. The Grazing Land Ecosystems of the African Sahel. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74457-0.

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Resources, Washington (State) Dept of Natural. Agricultural and grazing lands program policy plan: Final. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Natural Resources, 1989.

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Duffield, John. Economic analysis of the values of surface uses of state lands, task 3: Fair market value for grazing leases. Missoula, Mont: Bioeconomics, Inc., 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grazing land"

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Erb, Karl-Heinz, Tamara Fetzel, Thomas Kastner, Christine Kroisleitner, Christian Lauk, Andreas Mayer, and Maria Niedertscheider. "Livestock Grazing, the Neglected Land Use." In Social Ecology, 295–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33326-7_13.

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Gísladóttir, Gudrún. "Ecological Disturbance and Soil Erosion on Grazing Land in Southwest Iceland." In Land Degradation, 109–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2033-5_7.

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Abrahamsson, Kurt V. "Reindeer Grazing and Associated Land-Use Problems in Sweden." In Grazing Research at Northern Latitudes, 99–109. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5338-7_10.

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Asner, Gregory P., and Roberta E. Martin. "Biogeochemistry of desertification and woody encroachment in grazing systems." In Ecosystems and Land Use Change, 99–116. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/153gm09.

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Hill, Benjamin T., Burkhard Beinlich, Heiko Köstermeyer, Martin Dieterich, and Klaus Neugebauer. "The Pig Grazing Project: Prospects of a Novel Management Tool." In Cultural Landscapes and Land Use, 193–208. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2105-4_12.

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Moustafa, AbdEl-Raouf A. "Impact of Grazing on the Vegetation of South Sinai, Egypt." In Sustainable Land Use in Deserts, 218–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59560-8_22.

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Pickard, John. "Safe Carrying Capacity and Sustainable Grazing: How Much Have we Learnt in Semi-Arid Australia in the Last 170 Years?" In Land Degradation, 275–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2033-5_17.

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Milton, Suzanne J., and Thorsten Wiegand. "How Grazing Turns Rare Seedling Recruitment Events to Non-Events in Arid Environments." In Sustainable Land Use in Deserts, 197–207. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59560-8_20.

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Duncan, Alan J., Michael Peters, Rainer Schultze-Kraft, Philip K. Thornton, Nils Teufel, Jean Hanson, and John McIntire. "The impact of CGIAR centre research on use of planted forages by tropical smallholders." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 450–79. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0450.

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Abstract This chapter provides information on the common problems faced by livestock farmers in Africa and Asia, such as insufficient availability of high-quality feed, declines in grazing resources in response to the expansion of cultivated land and poor control over grazing rights, among others. The importance of the cultivation of green forages specifically for feeding livestock as a potential means of addressing the feed gap is discussed. The potential and actual impact of planted forages are presented and success cases emerging from CGIAR research are reviewed.

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Mueller, Lothar, Uwe Schindler, Bruce C. Ball, Elena Smolentseva, Victor G. Sychev, T. Graham Shepherd, Manzoor Qadir, Katharina Helming, Axel Behrendt, and Frank Eulenstein. "Productivity Potentials of the Global Land Resource for Cropping and Grazing." In Environmental Science and Engineering, 115–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01017-5_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grazing land"

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Hiroshi Shimada, Eikichi Shima, Katsuyuki Tanaka, and Takeshi Nagayoshi. "Use of Personal Remote Sensing System in Grazing Land." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24833.

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Bairakov, Idris. "MODERN PROCESSES OF DEGRADATION AND DESERTIFICATION ARID LANDSCAPES OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC: ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING." In Land Degradation and Desertification: Problems of Sustainable Land Management and Adaptation. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1671.978-5-317-06490-7/39-45.

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The geoecological analysis of the current state of arid landscapes of the Chechen Republic has shown that the natural and climatic conditions of their functioning are extremely diverse, despite the relatively small territory. However, starting from the second half of the last century, climatic conditions began to change sharply in the direction of aridization, which coincided with the stage of the greatest anthropogenic impact, mainly grazing of small cattle. This has intensified the processes of desertification, taking on an irreversible character in the Central and North-Eastern parts, which is reflected in the maps.

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Tarnavsky, Evgeny V., and Gennady P. Kulemin. "Modeling of radar land clutter map for small grazing angles." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Ryszard S. Romaniuk. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.569049.

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He, Yu-Hui, Ha-Lin Zhao, and Xin-Ping Liu. "Impact of Grazing Excluding and Grazing on Soil Properties in Sandy Grassland in Horqin Sand Land, China." In 2009 International Conference on Environmental Science and Information Application Technology, ESIAT. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esiat.2009.367.

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Guo, Yanyu, and Shixiang Zou. "A Study on Behaviors of the Government toward 'Return Grazing Land to Grass-land' Policy." In 2013 International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/asshm-13.2013.186.

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Liliedahl, David N., Forrest L. Carpenter, and Paul G. A. Cizmas. "Prediction of Aeroacoustic Resonance in Cavities of Hole-Pattern Stator Seals." In ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-23218.

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A Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) solver developed in-house was used to simulate grazing channel flow past single and multiple cavities. The objective of this investigation was to predict fluid instabilities in hole-pattern stator seals. The numerical results generated with the RANS solver showed good agreement with those obtained using a commercial Large Eddy Simulation (LES) code. In addition, the numerical results agreed well with experimental data. Rossiter’s formula, a popular semi-empirical model used to predict frequencies of hole-tone acoustic instabilities caused by grazing fluid flow past open cavities, was modified using the RANS solver results to allow for its application to channel flows. This was done by modifying the empirical constant κ, the ratio of vortex velocity and the freestream velocity. The dominant frequencies predicted using the Rossiter’s formula with the new κ value matched well the experimental data for hole-pattern stator seals. The RANS solver accurately captured the salient features of the flow/acoustic interaction and predicted well the dominant acoustic frequencies measured in an experimental investigation. The flow solver also provided detailed physical insight into the cavity flow instability mechanism.

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"Computer modeling of beef cattle grazing under changing climate, land use, and markets." In 21st Century Watershed Technology Conference and Workshop Improving Water Quality and the Environment. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/wtcw.2016002.

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"Computer Modeling of Beef Cattle Grazing Under Changing Climate, Land Use, and Markets." In ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/cc.20152143047.

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Kulemin, Gennady P. "Land and sea clutter in bistatic millimeter-wave radar for small grazing angles." In Defense and Security, edited by Robert N. Trebits and James L. Kurtz. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.598892.

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Maczkowiack, Robert, Carl Smith, Geoffrey Slaughter, David Mulligan, and Donald Cameron. "Assessing risks of returning mined land to grazing in the Bowen Basin of central Queensland, Australia." In Fourth International Conference on Mine Closure. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_repo/908_26.

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Reports on the topic "Grazing land"

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Nelson, Chris O., Rick Sprague, Russell Bredahl, Brian Peterson, William Bartenhagen, and John Klein. Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-836.

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Nelson, Chris, Rick Sprague, Russell Bredahl, and Brian Peterson. Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1010.

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Nelson, Chris, Rick Sprague, Russell Bredahl, Brian Peterson, William Bartenhagen, John Klein, and Stephen K. Barnhart. Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2545.

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Nelson, Chris, Rick Sprague, Russell Bredahl, Brian Peterson, William Bartenhagen, and John Klein. Rotational Grazing Demonstrations with Beef Cows on CRP Land in Adams County, 2001. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2560.

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Bredahl, Russell, Chris Nelson, Rick Sprague, Brian Peterson, and John Klein. Intensive Rotational Grazing of Steers on Highly Erodible Land at the Adams County CRP Project, 2003. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1043.

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Bredahl, Russell, Chris Nelson, Rick Sprague, Brian Peterson, and John Klein. Intensive Rotational Grazing of Steers on Highly Erodible Land at the Adams County CRP Project, 2002. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2127.

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Bredahl, Russell, Chris Nelson, Rick Sprague, Brian Peterson, and John Klein. Intensive Rotational Grazing of Steers on Highly Erodible Land at the Adams County CRP Project, 2000. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2214.

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Bredahl, Russell, Chris Nelson, Rick Sprague, Brian Peterson, William Bartenhagen, and John Klein. Intensive Rotational Grazing of Steers on Highly Erodible Land at the Adams County CRP Project, 2001. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2349.

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Olson, Dennis. The parcelization of the open range, a conflict in land use : grazing rights versus residential and recreation land sales in Klickitat County, Washington. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2975.

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Wyndham, Amber, Emile Elias, Joel R. Brown, Michael A. Wilson, and Albert Rango. Drought Vulnerability Assessment to Inform Grazing Practices on Rangelands of Southeastern Colorado’s Major Land Resource Area 69. United States. Department of Agriculture. Southwest Climate Hub, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2018.6876399.ch.

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Increased climate variability, including more frequent and intense drought, is projected for the southwestern region of the United States. Increased temperatures and reduced precipitation lower soil water availability resulting in decreased plant productivity and altering species composition which may affect forage quality and quantity. Reduced forage quality and increased heat stress attributable to warmer temperatures could lead to decreased livestock performance in this system, which is extensively used for livestock grazing. Mitigating the effects of increasing drought is critical to social and ecological stability in the region. Reduced stocking rates, change in livestock breeds and/or grazing practices are general recommendations that could be implemented to cope with increased climatic stress. Ecological Sites (ESs) and their associated state and transition models (STMs) are tools to help land managers implement and evaluate responses to disturbances. The projected change in climate will vary depending on geographic location. Vulnerability assessments and adaptation strategies are needed at the local level to inform local management decisions and help ameliorate the effects of climate change on rangelands. The USDA Southwest Climate Hub and Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) worked together to produce this drought vulnerability assessment at the Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) level based on ESs/STMs that will help landowners and government agencies identify and develop adaptation options for drought on rangelands. The assessment illustrates how site-specific information can be used to help minimize the effects of drought on rangelands and support informed decision-making for selecting management adaptations within MLRA 69.

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