Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD)'
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Baudot, Sophie. "MOSFETs contraints sur SOI : analyse des déformations par diffraction des rayons X et étude des propriétés électriques." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557963.
Full textBaudot, Sophie. "MOSFETs contraints sur SOI : analyse des déformations par diffraction des rayons X et étude des propriétés électriques." Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010GRENY064.
Full textThe use of mechanical stress in the channel of MOSFETs on SOI is mandatory for sub-22 nm technological nodes. Its efficiency depends on the device geometry and design. The impact of different steps of the transistor fabrication process (active area patterning, metal gate formation, Source/Drain (S/D) implantation) on the strain in strained Silicon-On-Insulator (sSOI) materials has been measured by Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction (GIXRD). The electrical performance enhancement of MOSFETs on sSOI has also been estimated with respect to SOI (100% mobility enhancement for long and wide nMOS (L=W=10 μm), 35% saturation drive current (IDsat) enhancement for short and narrow nMOS (L=25 nm, W=77 nm)). Innovative strained structures have then been studied. We demonstrate a 37% (18%) IDsat enhancement for pMOS on SOI (sSOI) with SiGe S/D compared to sSOI with Si S/D, for a 60 nm gate length and a 15 nm film thickness. GIXRD measurements, together with mechanical simulations, enabled the study and optimization of new structures using the stress transfer from an embedded and stressed layer (SiGe or nitride) toward the channel
Jukes, Paul Christian. "Grazing incidence x-ray diffraction and neutron reflection studies of semi-crystalline polymer surfaces and interfaces." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251303.
Full textSatapathy, Dillip Kumar. "Molecular-beam epitaxy growth and structural characterization of semiconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=982680724.
Full textSatapathy, Dillip Kumar. "Molecular-beam epitaxy growth and structural characterization of semiconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15563.
Full textThe present work is devoted to the growth of the ferromagnetic metal MnAs on the semiconductor GaAs by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). The MnAs thin films are deposited on GaAs by molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). Grazing incidence diffraction (GID) and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) are used in situ to investigate the nucleation, evolution of strain, morphology and interfacial structure during the MBE growth. Four stages of the nucleation process during growth of MnAs on GaAs(001) are revealed by RHEED azimuthal scans. GID shows that further growth of MnAs films proceed via the formation of relaxed islands at a nominal thickness of 2.5 ML which increase in size and finally coalesce to form a continuous film. Early on, an ordered array of misfit dislocations forms at the interface releasing the misfit strain even before complete coalescence occurs. The fascinatingly complex nucleation process of MnAs on GaAs(0 0 1) contains elements of both Volmer-Weber and Stranski-Krastanov growth. A nonuniform strain amounting to 0.66%, along the [1 -1 0] direction and 0.54%, along the [1 1 0] direction is demonstrated from x-ray line profile analysis. A high correlation between the defects is found along the GaAs[1 1 0] direction. An extremely periodic array of misfit dislocations with a period of 4.95 +- 0.05 nm is formed at the interface along the [1 1 0] direction which releases the 7.5% of misfit. The inhomogeneous strain due to the periodic dislocations is confined at the interface within a layer of 1.6 nm thickness. The misfit along the [1 -1 0] direction is released by the formation of a coincidence site lattice.
Scherzer, Michael [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlögl, Ullrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Pietsch, Robert [Gutachter] Schlögl, Ullrich [Gutachter] Pietsch, and Thorsten [Gutachter] Ressler. "Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction : application on catalyst surfaces / Michael Scherzer ; Gutachter: Robert Schlögl, Ullrich Pietsch, Thorsten Ressler ; Robert Schlögl, Ullrich Pietsch." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1163661481/34.
Full textJoshi, Gaurav Ravindra. "Elucidating sweet corrosion scales." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/elucidating-sweet-corrosion-scales(12a5be22-14fc-4add-b48b-a372652f3471).html.
Full textGasperini, Antonio Augusto Malfatti 1982. "Estudo do processo de formação de nanopartículas de GeSi em matriz de sílica por técnicas de luz síncrotron." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/277863.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin
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Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos a formação e estrutura de nanopartículas (NPs) de GeSi encapsuladas em sílica, utilizando técnicas baseadas em luz síncrotron, complementadas com imagens de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. Obtivemos a forma, o diâmetro médio e a dispersão de tamanhos usando espalhamento de raios X a baixos ângulos em incidência rasante (GISAXS). A partir dos dados de difração de raios X (XRD) foi possível obter a fase cristalina, o parâmetro de rede e o tamanho médio dos cristalitos. Estes resultados serviram como dados de entrada em um modelo para análise através da técnica de estrutura fina de absorção de raios X (EXAFS), a qual forneceu informações sobre a estrutura local na vizinhança dos átomos de Ge. Apesar dos resultados de cada uma das técnicas acima serem comumente analisados de forma separada, a combinação destas técnicas leva a uma melhor compreensão das propriedades estruturais das NPs. Através da combinação dos resultados tivemos acesso a informações tais como a deformação da rede cristalina (strain), a fração de átomos cm ambientes cristalino e amorfo, a fração de átomos de Ge diluída na matriz e a possibilidade de formação de estruturas do tipo core-shell cristalino-amorfo. Resultados adicionais como a origem do strain e a temperatura de solidificação das NPs, dentre outros, foram obtidos através de um experimento in situ de absorção de raios X em energia dispersiva (DXAS), inédito na análise deste sistema. Por fim, utilizamos as técnicas acima citadas para acompanhar a evolução dos parâmetros estruturais em amostras tratadas termicamente durante diferentes intervalos de tempo
Abstract: In this work we study the formation and structure of GeSi nanoparticles embedded in silica matrix using synchrotron-based techniques complemented by TEM images. Shape, average diameter and size dispersion were obtained from grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering. X-ray diffraction measurements were used to obtain crystalline phase, lattice parameter and crystallite mean sizes. By using these techniques as input for extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, the local structure surrounding Ge atoms is investigated. Although the results for each of the methods mentioned above are usually analyzed separately, the combination of such techniques leads to an improved understanding of nanoparticle structural properties. Crucial indirect parameters that cannot be quantified by other means are accessed in our work, such as local strain, possibility of forming core-shell crystalline-amorphous structures, fraction of Ge atoms diluted in the matrix and amorphous and crystalline Ge fraction. Additional results as the origin of the strain and temperature of solidification of NPs, among others, were obtained through an in situ energy dispersive X-ray absorption experiment (DXAS), unheard in this system. Finally, we use the techniques mentioned above to monitor the evolution of the structural parameters of samples annealed during different time intervals
Doutorado
Física
Doutor em Ciências
Gilles, Bruno. "Etude par rayons X rasants des effets de l'implantation de silicium dans le silicium et de fer dans un grenat." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597890r.
Full textRobach, Odile. "Étude in situ de la croissance de Ag sur MgO(001) et de Ni/Ag(001), et étude de la nitruration du GaAs par diffusion de rayons X en incidence rasante." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble ; 1971-2015), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10226.
Full textGao, Haifei. "Chemical biology approaches to study toxin clustering and lipids reorganization in Shiga toxin endocytosis." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB147.
Full textBacterial Shiga toxins bind to the glycosphingolipid (GSL) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) to enter cells by clathrin-dependent and independent endocytosis. In the clathrin-independent pathway, Shiga toxin reorganizes membrane lipids in a way such as to impose mechanical strain onto the bilayer, thus leading to the formation of deep and narrow endocytic pits. Mechanistically how this occurs is not yet understood, and notably how the geometric properties of toxin-GSLs complexes translate into function has remained enigmatic. In my thesis work, using the B-subunit of Shiga toxin (STxB) as a model, different molecular species of its receptor Gb3 have been synthesized with deliberately chosen structures, coupled with high resolution imaging and computational modeling, to understand the underlying mechano-chemical constraints leading to efficient toxin clustering and lipids reorganization. By combining dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) computer simulation and experiments on cell and model membranes, we provided evidence that a membrane fluctuation-induced force, termed Casimir-like force, drives the aggregation of tightly membrane-associated toxin molecules at mesoscopic length scales. Furthermore, toxin-induced lipid condensation was observed and measured quantitatively on Langmuir monolayers using X-ray reflectivity (XR) and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GIXD), thereby providing direct evidence for the hypothesis that the toxin has the potential to asymmetrically reduce the molecular area of the exoplasmic membrane leaflet, leading to local membrane deformation. During my PhD, effort was also invested to develop new GSL tools applied to the biological setting. A novel strategy based on the Cu-free click reaction between glycosyl-cyclooctyne and azido-sphingosine was designed with the goal to functionally incorporate GSLs into cellular membranes. Following the synthesis work, click reactions have been performed in solution and on cells. Compared to the former, results on cells were far less efficient. Further optimization is currently ongoing. A fluorescently labeled Gb3 probe with Alexa Fluor 568 coupled via a PEG linker to the α-position of the acyl chain, was synthesized, to which STxB bound on TLCs, but not on model membranes. Further improvements are discussed
Turco, Françoise. "Applications de techniques d'analyse in situ à l'épitaxie par jets moléculaires du système (Al, Ga, In) As." Grenoble INPG, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988INPG0016.
Full textChin, Chia Hong, and 秦嘉鴻. "Multi-wave Resonance Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction in GeSi/Ge Thin Film." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84597112384827847068.
Full textTersigni, Andrew. "Structural Characterization of Tetracene Films by Lateral Force Microscopy and Grazing-Incidence X-Ray Diffraction." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10214/3496.
Full textNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), Ontario Innovation Trust (OIT).
CHIEN, HUNG-CHUN, and 錢鴻鈞. "MOLECULAR BEAM EXPITAXIAL FePt MAGNETO-OPTICAL THIN-FILM STRUCTURE CHARACTERIZAITON : GRAZING INCIDENCE X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96376715623562068051.
Full textSatapathy, Dillip Kumar [Verfasser]. "Molecular-beam epitaxy growth and structural characterization of semiconductor-ferromagnet heterostructures by grazing incidence x-ray diffraction / von Dillip Kumar Satapathy." 2005. http://d-nb.info/982680724/34.
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