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Academic literature on the topic 'Gravitational Wave Counterparts'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Gravitational Wave Counterparts"

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WEN, LINQING. "DETECTING GRAVITATIONAL WAVES AND THEIR ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS." International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, no. 10 (September 2011): 1883–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827181101989x.

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In the next decade, we expect a first detection of gravitational waves predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity. A detection of their electromagnetic counterparts will significantly contribute to our confidence in a first time detection and identification of the source. We discuss the challenges in using gravitational-wave events as triggers for prompt follow-up electromagnetic observations. We demonstrate that wide-field cameras are desirable for follow-up observations of gravitational wave sources and that a larger gravitational wave detector network, e.g. adding AIGO detector in Australia, can significantly help pinpoint the direction of gravitational wave sources. We also argue that low-latency real-time detection methods and hardware acceleration using graphics processing units will help generate prompt gravitational-wave triggers within the time frames allowed for electromagnetic follow-ups in the era of advanced detectors.
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Unatlokov, I. B., I. M. Dzaparova, M. G. Kostyuk, M. M. Kochkarov, A. N. Kurenya, Yu F. Novoseltsev, R. V. Novoseltseva, V. B. Petkov, P. S. Striganov, and A. F. Yanin. "Search for neutrino counterparts of LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave events." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2156, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012142.

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Abstract The LIGO/Virgo collaborations have reported the results of their searches for gravitational-waves from the first half of their third observing run. 39 events were combined into the second Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog (GWTC-2), reaching the total number of 50. In addition to these, two neutron star - black hole merger events were also confirmed. The search for neutrino counterparts of LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave events was performed on the Baksan Underground Scintillation Telescope. The processing algorithm and the results of the counterpart search are described.
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Nuttall, Laura K., and Christopher P. L. Berry. "Electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational-wave signals." Astronomy & Geophysics 62, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 4.15–4.21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atab077.

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Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., P. G. Jonker, S. T. Hodgkin, D. Eappachen, D. L. Harrison, S. E. Koposov, G. Rixon, et al. "Electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave events from Gaia." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 3 (February 13, 2020): 3264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa436.

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ABSTRACT The recent discoveries of gravitational wave events and in one case also its electromagnetic (EM) counterpart allow us to study the Universe in a novel way. The increased sensitivity of the LIGO and Virgo detectors has opened the possibility for regular detections of EM transient events from mergers of stellar remnants. Gravitational wave sources are expected to have sky localization up to a few hundred square degrees, thus Gaia as an all-sky multi-epoch photometric survey has the potential to be a good tool to search for the EM counterparts. In this paper, we study the possibility of detecting EM counterparts to gravitational wave sources using the Gaia Science Alerts system. We develop an extension to current used algorithms to find transients and test its capabilities in discovering candidate transients on a sample of events from the observation periods O1 and O2 of LIGO and Virgo. For the gravitational wave events from the current run O3, we expect that about 16 (25) per cent should fall in sky regions observed by Gaia 7 (10) d after gravitational wave. The new algorithm will provide about 21 candidates per day from the whole sky.
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Lazio, Joseph, Katie Keating, F. A. Jenet, and N. E. Kassim. "Search for Electromagnetic Counterparts to LIGO-Virgo Candidates: Expanded Very Large Array Observations." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 7, S285 (September 2011): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921312000245.

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AbstractThis paper summarizes a search for radio-wavelength counterparts to candidate gravitational-wave events. The identification of an electromagnetic counterpart could provide a more complete understanding of a gravitational-wave event, including such characteristics as the location and the nature of the progenitor. We used the Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA) to search six galaxies which were identified as potential hosts for two candidate gravitational-wave events. We summarize our procedures and discuss preliminary results.
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Coughlin, Michael W., Sarah Antier, David Corre, Khalid Alqassimi, Shreya Anand, Nelson Christensen, David A. Coulter, et al. "Optimizing multitelescope observations of gravitational-wave counterparts." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 489, no. 4 (September 7, 2019): 5775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2485.

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ABSTRACT The ever-increasing sensitivity of the network of gravitational-wave detectors has resulted in the accelerated rate of detections from compact binary coalescence systems in the third observing run of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo. Not only has the event rate increased, but also the distances to which phenomena can be detected, leading to a rise in the required sky volume coverage to search for counterparts. Additionally, the improvement of the detectors has resulted in the discovery of more compact binary mergers involving neutron stars, revitalizing dedicated follow-up campaigns. While significant effort has been made by the community to optimize single telescope observations, using both synoptic and galaxy-targeting methods, less effort has been paid to coordinated observations in a network. This is becoming crucial, as the advent of gravitational-wave astronomy has garnered interest around the globe, resulting in abundant networks of telescopes available to search for counterparts. In this paper, we extend some of the techniques developed for single telescopes to a telescope network. We describe simple modifications to these algorithms and demonstrate them on existing network examples. These algorithms are implemented in the open-source software gwemopt, used by some follow-up teams, for ease of use by the broader community.
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Steele, Iain A., Chris M. Copperwheat, and Andrzej S. Piascik. "Spectroscopy of candidate electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 12, S324 (September 2016): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921316012515.

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AbstractA programme of worldwide, multi-wavelength electromagnetic follow-up of sources detected by gravitational wave detectors is in place. Following the discovery of GW150914 and GW151226, wide field imaging of their sky localisations identified a number of candidate optical counterparts which were then spectrally classified. The majority of candidates were found to be supernovae at redshift ranges similar to the GW events and were thereby ruled out as a genuine counterpart. Other candidates ruled out include AGN and Solar System objects. Given the GW sources were black hole binary mergers, the lack of an identified electromagnetic counterpart is not surprising. However the observations show that it is possible to organise and execute a campaign that can eliminate the majority of potential counterparts. Finally we note the existence of a “classification gap” with a significant fraction of candidates going unclassified.
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JinJun, GENG, XIAO Di, WANG ShanQin, and DAI ZiGao. "Electromagnetic counterparts to the gravitational wave event GW170817." SCIENTIA SINICA Physica, Mechanica & Astronomica 48, no. 7 (June 11, 2018): 079802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/sspma2018-00096.

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Salmon, L., L. Hanlon, R. M. Jeffrey, and A. Martin-Carrillo. "Web application for galaxy-targeted follow-up of electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources." Astronomy & Astrophysics 634 (January 31, 2020): A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201936573.

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The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo Collaboration’s Observing Run 3 has demanded the development of widely-applicable tools for gravitational wave follow-up. These tools must address the main challenges of the multi-messenger era, namely covering large localisation regions and quickly identifying decaying transients. To address these challenges, we present a public web interface to assist astronomers in conducting galaxy-targeted follow-up of gravitational wave events by offering a fast and public list of targets post-gravitational wave trigger. After a gravitational wave trigger, the back-end galaxy retrieval algorithm identifies and scores galaxies based on the LIGO and Virgo computed probabilities and properties of the galaxies taken from the Galaxy List for the Advanced Detector Era V2 galaxy catalogue. Within minutes, the user can retrieve, download, and limit ranked galaxy lists from the web application. The algorithm and website have been tested on past gravitational wave events, and execution times have been analysed. The algorithm is being triggered automatically during Observing Run 3 and its features will be extended if needed. The web application was developed using the Python based Flask web framework.
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Coughlin, Michael W., Duo Tao, Man Leong Chan, Deep Chatterjee, Nelson Christensen, Shaon Ghosh, Giuseppe Greco, et al. "Optimizing searches for electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave triggers." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 478, no. 1 (April 26, 2018): 692–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1066.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Gravitational Wave Counterparts"

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Lamb, G. P. "Relativistic jets from compact binary mergers as electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave sources." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/8466/.

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The advent of gravitational wave (GW) astronomy has provided a new window through which to view and understand the Universe. To fully exploit the potential of GW astronomy, an understanding of all the potential electromagnetic counterparts to a gravitational wave detected source will help maximise the science returns. Here I present a study of the electromagnetic emission from relativistic jets that accompany the merger of binary neutron stars or black hole-neutron star systems. These counterparts provide a probe for the structure and dynamics of these relativistic outflows. Binary neutron star, or neutron star-black hole, mergers are thought to be the dominant progenitor of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Here we investigate the possibility that there is a hidden population of low-Lorentz factor jets resulting in failed GRBs, on-axis orphan afterglows, and what kind of counterparts can be expected given a merger-jet population dominated by these failed-GRB jets. I find that for GW detected mergers, ∼ 80% of the population of on-axis events may result in a failed GRB afterglow. The afterglow of a failed GRB is characterised by the lack of any prompt emission; where the γ-rays are emitted within an optically thick region of the low-Lorentz factor (Γ) outflow and significant suppression via pair production and a high opacity results in the photons coupled to the pair plasma. This plasma will undergo adiabatic expansion, and the photons will decouple at the photospheric radius. The energy in the prompt photons, for a sufficiently low-Γ outflow, will have been significantly suppressed. GW detected mergers have a Malmquist bias towards on-axis events (i.e. the rotational axis of the system), where the peak of the probability distribution is an inclination ∼ 300. If the jets from these mergers have an intrinsic structure out to wider angles, then the majority of mergers will be accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts from these various jet structures. By making some simple assumptions about the energetic structure of a jet outside of a bright core region, the various temporal features that result from a given jet structure can be predicted. Where the population of merger jets is dominated by a single structure model, I show the expected fractions of optical counterparts brighter than m_AB = 21. On 17 August 2017, the Light Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) in collaboration with Virgo detected the merger of a binary neutron star system. Various electromagnetic counterparts were detected: the GRB 170817A by Fermi/GBM and INTEGRAL; an optical, blue to red, macro/kilo-nova from ∼ 1/2 day post merger to ∼ 5 − 10 days; and a brightening radio, and X-ray counterpart from ∼ 10 days. Optical detection of this counterpart at a magnitude ∼ 26 was made at ∼ 100 days post-merger. Analysis of this counterpart is consistent with the afterglow of a Gaussian structured jet viewed at the system inclination, ∼ 18 ± 80. If all short GRB jets have a similar jet structure, then the rates of orphan afterglows in deep drilling blind surveys e.g. the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), will be higher than those expected from a homogeneous, or ‘top-hat’ jet, population. The rates for the various jet structures for orphan afterglows from mergers are discussed, showing that for a population of failed GRBs, or an intrinsic Gaussian structure, an excess in the orphan rate may be apparent. Understanding the dynamics and structure for the jets from black-hole systems born at the merger of a compact binary can help give clues as to the nature of jets from black holes on all scales. As an aside, I show empirically that regardless of black hole mass or system phenomenology, the relativistic jets from such systems share a universal scaling for the jet power and emitted γ-ray luminosity. This scaling could be due to the similar efficiencies of various processes, or alternatively, the scaling may be able to give insights into the emission and physical processes that are responsible for high-energy photons from these outflows. GW astronomy offers a probe of the most extreme relativistic outflows in the Universe, GRBs. The predicted electromagnetic counterparts from these outflows, in association with GW detections, provides a way to probe the Lorentz-factor distribution for merger-jets. Additionally, the phenomenological shape of the afterglows, at various inclinations, gives an indication of the intrinsic structure of these jets. An understanding of these dynamical and structural qualities can be used to constrain the parent population, merger rates, and binary evolution models for compact binary systems.
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Cowperthwaite, P. S., E. Berger, M. Soares-Santos, J. Annis, D. Brout, D. A. Brown, E. Buckley-Geer, et al. "A DECAM SEARCH FOR AN OPTICAL COUNTERPART TO THE LIGO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE EVENT GW151226." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621399.

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We report the results of a Dark Energy Camera optical follow-up of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW151226, discovered by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory detectors. Our observations cover 28.8 deg(2) of the localization region in the i and z bands (containing 3% of the BAYESTAR localization probability), starting 10 hr after the event was announced and spanning four epochs at 2-24 days after the GW detection. We achieve 5 sigma point-source limiting magnitudes of i approximate to 21.7 and z approximate to 21.5, with a scatter of 0.4 mag, in our difference images. Given the two-day delay, we search this area for a rapidly declining optical counterpart with greater than or similar to 3 sigma significance steady decline between the first and final observations. We recover four sources that pass our selection criteria, of which three are cataloged active galactic nuclei. The fourth source is offset by 5.8 arcsec from the center of a galaxy at a distance of 187 Mpc, exhibits a rapid decline by 0.5 mag over 4 days, and has a red color of i - z approximate to 0.3 mag. These properties could satisfy a set of cuts designed to identify kilonovae. However, this source was detected several times, starting 94 days prior to GW151226, in the Pan-STARRS Survey for Transients (dubbed as PS15cdi) and is therefore unrelated to the GW event. Given its long-term behavior, PS15cdi is likely a Type IIP supernova that transitioned out of its plateau phase during our observations, mimicking a kilonova-like behavior. We comment on the implications of this detection for contamination in future optical follow-up observations.
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Soares-Santos, M., R. Kessler, E. Berger, J. Annis, D. Brout, E. Buckley-Geer, H. Chen, et al. "A DARK ENERGY CAMERA SEARCH FOR AN OPTICAL COUNTERPART TO THE FIRST ADVANCED LIGO GRAVITATIONAL WAVE EVENT GW150914." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621228.

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We report the results of a deep search for an optical counterpart to the gravitational wave (GW) event GW150914, the first trigger from the Advanced LIGO GW detectors. We used the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) to image a 102 deg(2) area, corresponding to 38% of the initial trigger high-probability sky region and to 11% of the revised high-probability region. We observed in the i and z bands at 4-5, 7, and 24 days after the trigger. The median 5 sigma point-source limiting magnitudes of our search images are i = 22.5 and z = 21.8 mag. We processed the images through a difference-imaging pipeline using templates from pre-existing Dark Energy Survey data and publicly available DECam data. Due to missing template observations and other losses, our effective search area subtends 40 deg(2), corresponding to a 12% total probability in the initial map and 3% in the final map. In this area, we search for objects that decline significantly between days 4-5 and day 7, and are undetectable by day 24, finding none to typical magnitude limits of i = 21.5, 21.1, 20.1 for object colors (i - z) = 1, 0, - 1, respectively. Our search demonstrates the feasibility of a dedicated search program with DECam and bodes well for future research in this emerging field.
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Cowperthwaite, P. S., E. Berger, V. A. Villar, B. D. Metzger, M. Nicholl, R. Chornock, P. K. Blanchard, et al. "The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models." IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626064.

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We present UV, optical, and near-infrared (NIR) photometry of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave source from Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo, the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Our data set extends from the discovery of the optical counterpart at 0.47-18.5 days post-merger, and includes observations with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), Gemini-South/ FLAMINGOS-2 (GS/F2), and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The spectral energy distribution (SED) inferred from this photometry at 0.6 days is well described by a blackbody model with T approximate to 8300 K, a radius of R approximate to 4.5 x 10(14) cm (corresponding to an expansion velocity of v approximate to 0.3c), and a bolometric luminosity of L-bol approximate to 5 x 10(41) erg s(-1). At 1.5 days we find a multi-component SED across the optical and NIR, and subsequently we observe rapid fading in the UV and blue optical bands and significant reddening of the optical/ NIR colors. Modeling the entire data set, we find that models with heating from radioactive decay of Ni-56, or those with only a single component of opacity from r-process elements, fail to capture the rapid optical decline and red optical/NIR colors. Instead, models with two components consistent with lanthanide-poor and lanthanide-rich ejecta provide a good fit to the data; the resulting "blue" component has M-ej(blue) approximate to 0.01 M-circle dot and v(ej)(blue) approximate to 0.3c, and the "red" component has M-cj(red) approximate to 0.04 M-circle dot and v(cj)(red) approximate to 0.1 c. These ejecta masses are broadly consistent with the estimated r-process production rate required to explain the Milky Way r-process abundances, providing the first evidence that binary neutron star (BNS) mergers can be a dominant site of r-process enrichment.
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Mösta, Philipp. "Novel aspects of the dynamics of binary black-hole mergers." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5982/.

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The inspiral and merger of two black holes is among the most exciting and extreme events in our universe. Being one of the loudest sources of gravitational waves, they provide a unique dynamical probe of strong-field general relativity and a fertile ground for the observation of fundamental physics. While the detection of gravitational waves alone will allow us to observe our universe through an entirely new window, combining the information obtained from both gravitational wave and electro-magnetic observations will allow us to gain even greater insight in some of the most exciting astrophysical phenomena. In addition, binary black-hole mergers serve as an intriguing tool to study the geometry of space-time itself. In this dissertation we study the merger process of binary black-holes in a variety of conditions. Our results show that asymmetries in the curvature distribution on the common apparent horizon are correlated to the linear momentum acquired by the merger remnant. We propose useful tools for the analysis of black holes in the dynamical and isolated horizon frameworks and shed light on how the final merger of apparent horizons proceeds after a common horizon has already formed. We connect mathematical theorems with data obtained from numerical simulations and provide a first glimpse on the behavior of these surfaces in situations not accessible to analytical tools. We study electro-magnetic counterparts of super-massive binary black-hole mergers with fully 3D general relativistic simulations of binary black-holes immersed both in a uniform magnetic field in vacuum and in a tenuous plasma. We find that while a direct detection of merger signatures with current electro-magnetic telescopes is unlikely, secondary emission, either by altering the accretion rate of the circumbinary disk or by synchrotron radiation from accelerated charges, may be detectable. We propose a novel approach to measure the electro-magnetic radiation in these simulations and find a non-collimated emission that dominates over the collimated one appearing in the form of dual jets associated with each of the black holes. Finally, we provide an optimized gravitational wave detection pipeline using phenomenological waveforms for signals from compact binary coalescence and show that by including spin effects in the waveform templates, the detection efficiency is drastically improved as well as the bias on recovered source parameters reduced. On the whole, this disseration provides evidence that a multi-messenger approach to binary black-hole merger observations provides an exciting prospect to understand these sources and, ultimately, our universe.
Schwarze Löcher gehören zu den extremsten und faszinierensten Objekten in unserem Universum. Elektromagnetische Strahlung kann nicht aus ihrem Inneren entkommen, und sie bilden die kompaktesten Objekte, die wir kennen. Wir wissen heute, dass in den Zentren der meisten Galaxien sehr massereiche schwarze Löcher vorhanden sind. Im Fall unserer eigenen Galaxie, der Milchstrasse, ist dieses schwarze Loch ungefähr vier Millionen mal so schwer wie unsere Sonne. Wenn zwei Galaxien miteinander kollidieren, führt dies auch dazu, dass ihre beiden schwarzen Löcher kollidieren und zu einem einzelnen schwarzen Loch verschmelzen. Das Simulieren einer solchen Kollision von zwei schwarzen Löchern, die Vorhersage sowie Analyse der von ihnen abgestrahlten Energie in Form von Gravitations- und elektromagnetischen Wellen, bildet das Thema der vorliegenden Dissertation. Im ersten Teil dieser Arbeit untersuchen wir die Verschmelzung von zwei schwarzen Löchern unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten. Wir zeigen, dass Ungleichmässigkeiten in der Geometrie des aus einer Kollision entstehenden schwarzen Loches dazu führen, dass es zuerst beschleunigt und dann abgebremst wird, bis diese Ungleichmässigkeiten in Form von Gravitationswellen abgetrahlt sind. Weiterhin untersuchen wir, wie der genaue Verschmelzungsprozess aus einer geometrischen Sicht abläuft und schlagen neue Methoden zur Analyse der Raumzeitgeometrie in Systemen vor, die schwarze Löcher enthalten. Im zweiten Teil dieser Arbeit beschäftigen wir uns mit den Gravitationswellen und elektromagnetischer Strahlung, die bei einer Kollision von zwei schwarzen Löchern freigesetzt wird. Gravitationswellen sind Wellen, die Raum und Zeit dehnen und komprimieren. Durchläuft uns eine Gravitationswelle, werden wir in einer Richtung minimal gestreckt, während wir in einer anderen Richtung minimal zusammengedrückt werden. Diese Effekte sind allerdings so klein, dass wir sie weder spüren, noch auf einfache Weise messen können. Bei einer Kollision von zwei schwarzen Löchern wird eine grosse Menge Energie in Form von Gravitationswellen und elektromagnetischen Wellen abgestrahlt. Wir zeigen, dass beide Signale in ihrer Struktur sehr ähnlich sind, dass aber die abgestrahlte Energie in Gravitationswellen um ein Vielfaches grösser ist als in elektromagnetischer Strahlung. Wir führen eine neue Methode ein, um die elektromagnetische Strahlung in unseren Simulationen zu messen und zeigen, dass diese dazu führt, dass sich die räumliche Struktur der Strahlung verändert. Abschliessend folgern wir, dass in der Kombination der Signale aus Gravitationswellen und elektromagnetischer Strahlung eine grosse Chance liegt, ein System aus zwei schwarzen Löchern zu detektieren und in einem weiteren Schritt zu analysieren. Im dritten und letzen Teil dieser Dissertation entwickeln wir ein verbessertes Suchverfahren für Gravitationswellen, dass in modernen Laser-Interferometerexperimenten genutzt werden kann. Wir zeigen, wie dieses Verfahren die Chancen für die Detektion eines Gravitationswellensignals deutlich erhöht, und auch, dass im Falle einer erfolgreichen Detektion eines solchen Signals, seine Parameter besser bestimmt werden können. Wir schliessen die Arbeit mit dem Fazit, dass die Kollision von zwei schwarzen Löchern ein hochinteressantes Phenomenon darstellt, das uns neue Möglichkeiten bietet die Gravitation sowie eine Vielzahl anderer fundamentaler Vorgänge in unserem Universum besser zu verstehen.
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"Identifying Explosive Transients and Implications for Gravitational Wave Followup." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.45015.

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abstract: High-energy explosive phenomena, Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and Supernovae (SNe), provide unique laboratories to study extreme physics and potentially open up the new discovery window of Gravitational-wave astronomy. Uncovering the intrinsic variability of GRBs constrains the size of the GRB emission region, and ejecta velocity, in turn provides hints on the nature of GRBs and their progenitors. We develop a novel method which ties together wavelet and structure-function analyses to measure, for the first time, the actual minimum variability timescale, Delta t_min, of GRB light curves. Implementing our technique to the largest sample of GRBs collected by Swift and Fermi instruments reveals that only less than 10% of GRBs exhibit evidence for variability on timescales below 2 ms. Investigation on various energy bands of the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) onboard Fermi shows that the tightest constraints on progenitor radii derive from timescales obtained from the hardest energy channel of light curves (299--1000 keV). Our derivations for the minimum Lorentz factor, Gamma_min, and the minimum emission radius, R = 2c Gamma_min^2 Delta t_min / (1+z), find Gamma < 400 which imply typical emission radii R ~ 1 X 10^14 cm for long-duration GRBs and R ~ 3 X 10^13 cm for short-duration GRBs (sGRBs). I present the Reionization and Transients InfraRed (RATIR) followup of LIGO/Virgo Gravitational-wave events especially for the G194575 trigger. I show that expanding our pipeline to search for either optical riZ or near-infrared YJH detections (3 or more bands) should result in a false-alarm-rate ~1% (one candidate in the vast 100 deg^2 LIGO error region) and an efficiency ~90%. I also present the results of a 5-year comprehensive SN search by the Palomar Transient Factory aimed to measure the SN rates in the local Luminous Infrared Galaxies. We find that the SN rate of the sample, 0.05 +/- 0.02 1/yr (per galaxy), is consistent with that expected from the theoretical prediction, 0.060 +/- 0.002 1/yr (per galaxy).
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Astrophysics 2017
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Books on the topic "Gravitational Wave Counterparts"

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González, Gabriela, and Robert Hynes. Gravitational Wave Astrophysics: Early Results from GW Searches and Electromagnetic Counterparts. Cambridge University Press, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Gravitational Wave Counterparts"

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Branchesi, Marica, Antonio Stamerra, Om Sharan Salafia, Silvia Piranomonte, and Barbara Patricelli. "Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves in the Hz-kHz Range." In Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 947–91. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4306-4_22.

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Branchesi, Marica, Antonio Stamerra, Om Sharan Salafia, Silvia Piranomonte, and Barbara Patricelli. "Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves in the Hz-kHz Range." In Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 1–45. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4702-7_22-1.

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Stamerra, Antonio, Barbara Patricelli, Imre Bartos, and Marica Branchesi. "Multi-messenger Astrophysics with the Highest Energy Counterparts of Gravitational Waves." In Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 993–1018. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4306-4_23.

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Stamerra, Antonio, Barbara Patricelli, Imre Bartos, and Marica Branchesi. "Multi-messenger Astrophysics with the Highest Energy Counterparts of Gravitational Waves." In Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy, 1–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4702-7_23-1.

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Li, Tjonnie G. F. "Electromagnetic Counterpart as Redshift Measurement." In Extracting Physics from Gravitational Waves, 207–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19273-4_12.

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Wang, Lifan. "Application of the Antarctic Survey Telescopes AST3 in the Detection of Electromagnetic Counterparts of Gravitational Waves." In China’s e-Science Blue Book 2018, 85–117. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9390-7_5.

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Chen, Yanbei. "Quantum Optomechanics: from Gravitational Wave Detectors to Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics." In Quantum Optomechanics and Nanomechanics, 129–82. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828143.003.0004.

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Abstract:
The quantum measurement process connects the quantum world and the classical world. The phrase ‘quantum measurement’ can have two meanings: measurement of a weak classical force, with the impact of quatum fluctuations on the measurement sensitivity, and the quantum mechanics of macroscopic objects: to try to prepare, manipulate and characterize the quantum state of a macroscopic quantum object through quantum measurement. Quantum noise leads to the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL), which provides the magnitude in which we must consider both measurement precision and measurement-induced back-action. The beginning of the chapter will be devoted to this thread of thought. The free-mass SQL actually provides a benchmark for the ‘quantum-ness’ of the system. We will show that a sub-SQL device can be used to prepare nearly pure quantum states and mechanical entanglement, as well as non-Gaussian quantum states that have no classical counterparts.
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Conference papers on the topic "Gravitational Wave Counterparts"

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Branchesi, Marica. "ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS OF GRAVITATIONAL WAVE TRANSIENTS." In 16th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814663618_0050.

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Perkins, Jeremy S., Judith Racusin, Michael S. Briggs, Georgia de Nolfo, John F. Krizmanic, Regina Caputo, Julie E. McEnery, et al. "BurstCube: A CubeSat for Gravitational Wave Counterparts." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0760.

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Perkins, Jeremy S., Isabella Brewer, Michael Briggs, Alessandro Bruno, Eric Burns, Regina Caputo, Brad Cenko, et al. "BurstCube: a CubeSat for gravitational wave counterparts." In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, edited by Jan-Willem A. den Herder, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, and Shouleh Nikzad. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2562796.

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Mori, Masaki. "CALET search for gamma-ray counterparts of gravitational wave events." In Proceedings of the MG16 Meeting on General Relativity. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789811269776_0250.

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Rodi, James, Angela Bazzano, Lorenzo Natalucci, Pietro Ubertini, Sadro Mereghetti, Enrico Bozzo, Carlo Ferrigno, et al. "INTEGRAL Observations of Gravitational-Wave Counterparts & Future Perspectives: Searching for GBM Un-Triggered SGRB with PICsIT." In Gravitational-waves Science&Technology Symposium. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.325.0023.

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Levan, Andrew. "ENGRAVE: Electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources at the Very Large Telescope." In The New Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.357.0044.

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Burderi, Luciano, Tiziana Di Salvo, Alessandro Riggio, Angelo Francesco Gambino, Andrea Sanna, Fabrizio Fiore, Fabrizio Amarilli, et al. "GrailQuest and HERMES: hunting for gravitational wave electromagnetic counterparts and probing space-time quantum foam." In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray, edited by Jan-Willem A. den Herder, Kazuhiro Nakazawa, and Shouleh Nikzad. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2561779.

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Patricelli, Barbara, Alessandro Carosi, Lara Nava, Monica Seglar-Arroyo, Fabian Schüssler, Antonio Stamerra, Andrea Adelfio, et al. "Searching for very-high-energy electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational-wave events with the Cherenkov Telescope Array." In 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.395.0998.

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Mori, Masaki, and Yoichi Asaoka. "Search for gamma-ray emission from electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources with the CALET calorimeter." In 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.301.0637.

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Xin, Liping, Xuhui Han, Jianyan Wei, Jing Wang, Yulei Qiu, Chao Wu, Huali Li, and Xianggao Wang. "The observations of GRB afterglows and the plan to search for optical counterparts of gravitational wave events." In The multi-messenger astronomy: gamma-ray bursts, search for electromagnetic counterparts to neutrino events and gravitational waves. Sneg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26119/sao.2019.1.35558.

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