Academic literature on the topic 'Grasslands'

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Journal articles on the topic "Grasslands"

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Valkó, Orsolya, Rocco Labadessa, Salza Palpurina, Sabina Burrascano, Atushi Ushimaru, and Stephen Venn. "Conservation and diversity of Palaearctic grasslands – Editorial to the 5th EDGG special issue in Hacquetia." Hacquetia 18, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hacq-2019-0011.

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Abstract Palaearctic grasslands are diverse and dynamic ecosystems that are in the focus of ecology, conservation biology and agronomy. This special issue is dedicated to the biodiversity and conservation issues of Palaearctic grasslands and was initiated by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group members attending the 14th Eurasian Dry Grassland Conference (EDGC) at Sulmona, Italy in 2018. The papers in this special issue cover a wide range of grassland ecosystems from mountain dry grasslands to lowland loess grasslands, feathergrass steppes and wet grasslands, and focus on the biodiversity values and conservation issues of Palaearctic grasslands. We believe that this compilation will contribute to a better understanding of the ecology of grasslands and support their more effective conservation.
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Yamaki, Kazushige, and Shigemitsu Shibasaki. "Decline in Semi-Natural Grasslands and Changes in Value Perceptions in Japan’s Natural Parks." Forests 14, no. 8 (July 31, 2023): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14081564.

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The decline in semi-natural grasslands has resulted from reduced traditional use, leading to a marked decrease in their overall area. Despite being located within Japan’s core protected area system, the effectiveness of natural parks in conserving grasslands remains unclear. This study aimed to determine whether natural parks successfully prevent the decline in grasslands. By analyzing historical changes in value perceptions toward grasslands in natural parks, natural parks’ contribution to grassland conservation and the associated challenges were explored. The study focused on the Sengokuhara grassland in Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park and incorporated previous studies on other grasslands. It revealed that grasslands have been valued for their scenic views and recreational potential since the establishment of the national park. As grassland scarcity increased nationwide, attention shifted toward rare plants found exclusively on grasslands, along with grasslands’ value as semi-natural landscapes. Consequently, natural-park-based grasslands have primarily been conserved based on these two values. However, conservation efforts within natural parks have mainly focused on regulating human activities, with limited measures to sustain nature, such as grasslands, through livelihoods. To enhance grassland conservation, it is essential to recognize their cultural value and develop mechanisms that ensure economic benefits are reinvested in conservation efforts.
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Hussain, Raja Imran, Daniela Ablinger, Walter Starz, Jürgen Kurt Friedel, and Thomas Frank. "Is the Abandonment of Organic Grassland a Threat to Alpine Insect Diversity?" Land 12, no. 4 (April 11, 2023): 867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12040867.

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Land abandonment is a multifaceted, nonlinear, worldwide phenomenon that is influenced by a variety of factors and opinions. The goal of this study was to understand the significance of land abandonment for true bugs and syrphids in three grassland management regimes that includes abandoned, intensive, and extensive alpine organic grasslands. In 2021 and 2022, we sampled true bugs and syrphids by applying observation plot and sweep netting sampling methods. Extensive grasslands had significantly higher true bug and syrphid abundance compared to abandoned grasslands. However, no difference of species richness was found in studied grassland regimes. Large numbers of unique species (25.5% true bugs and 21.5% syrphids) only occurred in the abandoned grasslands but not in intensive and extensive grasslands. Similarly, true bug assemblages in abandoned grasslands differed significantly from assemblages in intensive and extensive grasslands. We found that extensive grassland can manage to increase true bugs and syrphid abundance. Likewise, undisturbed abandoned grassland is not a threat to insect diversity, and supports the survival of more unique true bug and syrphid species. A mosaic landscape consisting of abandoned grassland along with grassland having different, mainly extensive, management intensity could be an ideal arrangement for alpine biodiversity conservation.
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Zhang, Qian, and KuoRay Mao. "Disembedding and Disentangling Grassland Valuation: Insights into Grassland Management Institutions and Ecological Research in China." Land 13, no. 8 (August 6, 2024): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13081218.

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After two decades of implementing top-down grassland restoration projects focused on reducing livestock numbers and pastoralist populations, the Chinese government’s well-funded efforts have not significantly reversed grassland degradation. This study reviews the institutional changes in grassland management over the past forty years, highlighting the Livestock and Grassland Double Contract Household Responsibility System of the early 1980s and the Grassland Ecological Reward and Compensation Policy introduced in 2011. It demonstrates how these institutional transformations have shaped pastoralists’ evolving understanding of grassland value and reveals that commodifying grassland’s economic and ecological value has led to the capitalization of nature, disembedding husbandry from grassland production, and undermining the effectiveness of conservation projects. This article also showcases the development of grassland ecology research in China, noting its increasing detachment from a holistic understanding of ecosystems and the interdisciplinary needs of management practices. The disjunction between grassland ecology research and practical management has resulted in a lack of techniques aligned with local ecological and socioeconomic contexts. This article champions active engagement with and protection of pastoralist communities to reintegrate grasslands’ true economic and ecological value into management practices, thereby effectively restoring degraded grasslands and achieving sustainable management.
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Liu, Cheng, Hui Li, Kesi Liu, Xinqing Shao, Jing Huang, Muji Siri, Changliang Feng, and Xiaomeng Yang. "Vegetation Characteristics of the Main Grassland Types in China Respond Differently to the Duration of Enclosure: A Meta-Analysis." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (March 15, 2023): 854. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030854.

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Enclosure is one of the useful measures to protect and restore degraded grasslands, and it is widely used around the world. The vegetation characteristics of grasslands directly reflect the recovery status of degraded grasslands; however, conflicting results of plant traits were continually achieved in the numerous on-site studies of enclosure in the last two decades. It is necessary to conduct a systematic assessment to find a general conclusion for the effects of enclosure on different grasslands. Studies on the enclosure grasslands in China were taken as the objects to refine the relationships between grassland vegetation characteristics and enclosure measures using meta-analysis. Enclosure had positive effects on the restoration of vegetation coverage, aboveground and belowground biomass, and diversity of degraded grasslands. Different vegetation characteristics and grassland types showed different responses to enclosure duration. The vegetation productivity reached a maximum in the 11–15 years of enclosure for alpine grasslands and typical steppe grasslands, 6–10 years for desert grasslands, and more than 15 years of enclosure for meadow grasslands. Plant species diversity reached the peak values when alpine grasslands and typical steppe grasslands were enclosed approximately 10 years, desert grasslands approximately 11–15 years, and meadow grasslands approximately 5 years. These results indicated that the management strategies of enclosed grasslands should be adjusted reasonably according to the types and the management objectives of grasslands in order to maintain or even improve the condition and services of grassland ecosystems.
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Nerlekar, Ashish N., and Joseph W. Veldman. "High plant diversity and slow assembly of old-growth grasslands." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 31 (July 16, 2020): 18550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1922266117.

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Earth’s ancient grasslands and savannas—hereafter old-growth grasslands—have long been viewed by scientists and environmental policymakers as early successional plant communities of low conservation value. Challenging this view, emerging research suggests that old-growth grasslands support substantial biodiversity and are slow to recover if destroyed by human land uses (e.g., tillage agriculture, plantation forestry). But despite growing interest in grassland conservation, there has been no global test of whether old-growth grasslands support greater plant species diversity than secondary grasslands (i.e., herbaceous communities that assemble after destruction of old-growth grasslands). Our synthesis of 31 studies, including 92 timepoints on six continents, found that secondary grasslands supported 37% fewer plant species than old-growth grasslands (log response ratio = −0.46) and that secondary grasslands typically require at least a century, and more often millennia (projected mean 1,400 y), to recover their former richness. Young (<29 y) secondary grasslands were composed of weedy species, and even as their richness increased over decades to centuries, secondary grasslands were still missing characteristic old-growth grassland species (e.g., long-lived perennials). In light of these results, the view that all grasslands are weedy communities, trapped by fire and large herbivores in a state of arrested succession, is untenable. Moving forward, we suggest that ecologists should explicitly consider grassland assembly time and endogenous disturbance regimes in studies of plant community structure and function. We encourage environmental policymakers to prioritize old-growth grassland conservation and work to elevate the status of old-growth grasslands, alongside old-growth forests, in the public consciousness.
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Tóth, Csilla, Géza Nagy, and Antónia Nyakas. "The Evaluation of Grazed Grasslands on the Hortobágy." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 10 (May 11, 2003): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/10/3463.

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The sward composition of different grasslands on Puszta Hortobágy has been developed according to prevailing abiotic and biotic factors. The abiotic conditions have been more or less constans for long periods of time, and the abiotic factors are determined by ecological conditions (climate, soil, topography). Among biotic factors grazing of herbivores was important in the development of Hortobágy grasslands for centuries (Sipos and Varga, 1993). Result of three-year investigations on the sward composition of grasslands utilised in different ways are presented. Data on ground cover, number of plant species, representation of different plant groups (grasses, sedge and bent-grass, herbs, legumes) and weeds are reported from six different grazed grassland types from Puszta Hortobágy.In 1999-2001 a sward composition survey was conducted. Sample areas of 2x2 m2 were marked out in three replicates: on temporarily waterlogged grassland grazed by cattle (A), on dry grassland grazed by cattle (B), on dry grassland grazed by sheep (C), on dry grassland grazed by buffaloes (D), on dry grassland grazed by buffaloes and geese (E), on dry grassland cut for hay in May then grazed by geese (F). On the sample areas sward composition of grasslands was estimated according to Balázs (1949).The average ground cover of different grasslands ranged between 60 and 100% (Table 2). The lowest value was found for grasslands C and E, which are grazed by sheep (C) and buffaloes and geese alternately (E). In these grasslands were some open spaces, on the other grasslands completely closed swards covers were observed.The species diversity of these natural grasslands are high (Table 2). The grassland F, which were cut for hay in May had the lowest diversity (17-21). The highest number of species was found on grassland A and B (32-51), on other grazed grasslands (C, D, E) had 29-48 species.The different plant groups had different representation in the total ground cover (Table 3). The number of herbs was always higher then that of grasses, but the cover of herbs was lower then that of grasses. The legumes and the sedge and bent grasses were present in high abundance in grassland A, but in the other grasslands were not.The composition of herbs should be a warning for future utilisation systems on some grasslands of Hortobágy. Some species of herbs, e.g. Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus acanthoides, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare Eryngium campestre, Galium mollugo, Galium verum, Ononis spinosa, Rumex crispus, Verbascum phlomoideus, Phragmites australis can be invasive on short grasslands.
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Liu, Yu, Fuping Tian, Pengyan Jia, Jingge Zhang, Fujiang Hou, and Gaolin Wu. "Leguminous species sequester more carbon than gramineous species in cultivated grasslands of a semi-arid area." Solid Earth 8, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-83-2017.

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Abstract. The establishment of grasslands on abandoned cropland has been proposed as an effective method to mitigate climate change. In this study, five cultivated grasslands (three leguminous species and two gramineous species), one abandoned cropland, and one natural grassland were studied to examine how soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rate and sequestration efficiency change in a semi-arid area in China. Our results showed that leguminous grasslands had greater total biomass (above- and belowground biomass), SOC storage, SOC sequestration rate, and efficiency than gramineous grasslands, abandoned cropland, and natural grassland during the experimental period. The largest soil carbon (C) accumulation in leguminous grassland was mainly attributed to the capacity to incorporate C and the higher biomass production. Leguminous grasslands accumulated more SOC than gramineous grasslands by 0.64 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The average SOC sequestration efficiency in leguminous grassland (1.00) was about 2 times greater than gramineous grassland (0.34). The results indicate that cultivated leguminous grassland sequestered more SOC with higher SOC sequestration efficiency than cultivated gramineous grassland in arid and semi-arid areas. Our results provide a reference for ecological management in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Zhou, Huakun, Xiaoyuan Yang, Chenyu Zhou, Xinqing Shao, Zhengchen Shi, Honglin Li, Hongye Su, et al. "Alpine Grassland Degradation and Its Restoration in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau." Grasses 2, no. 1 (March 3, 2023): 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/grasses2010004.

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The alpine grasslands of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are one of the most famous grazing ecosystems in the world, providing a variety of ecosystem functions and services. The rate of grassland degradation has been slowed by the implementation of national grassland restoration projects, but the degradation of grasslands on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau has not yet been fundamentally reversed, and some grasslands are still degraded to varying degrees. The main causes of grassland degradation on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau are both human and natural factors. Human factors include overgrazing, over-cultivation, indiscriminate digging and mining, mineral resource development, infrastructure construction and use, and tourism development. Natural factors include climate change, wildlife destruction, pests, etc. Based on the principles of restoration ecology, a number of effective practices and integrated management responses for restoring degraded grasslands have been developed on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. The degraded grassland restoration practices include fencing, fertilization, sown grassland establishment, rodent control, and grazing management. Based on these practices, the comprehensive restoration of degraded grasslands and the establishment and sustainable management of sown grasslands in the alpine grasslands of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau should be further strengthened, and research on the mechanisms of grassland degradation and restoration should be further developed.
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Li, Qiang, Junyin Yang, Wenhao Guan, Zhigang Liu, Guoxing He, Degang Zhang, and Xiaoni Liu. "Soil fertility evaluation and spatial distribution of grasslands in Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau." PeerJ 9 (April 23, 2021): e10986. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10986.

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The study assessed the overall soil characteristics of grasslands on Qilian Mountains and rated the soil nutrient status with classification standard of the second national soil survey of China. Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of different grassland types. GIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution of the soil nutrients and provided a database for the grassland’s ecological protection and restoration. The study graded the soil organic matter (SOM), total N, and available K at level 2 (high) or above for most regions, available soil-P at level 4, while the soil bulk density, total porosity and pH were 0.77–1.32 g cm−3, 35.36–58.83% and 7.63–8.54, respectively. The rank of comprehensive soil fertility index was temperate steppe (TS) > alpine meadow (AM) > alpine steppe (AS) >upland meadow (UM) >alpine desert (AD)> lowland meadow (LM)> temperate desert steppe (TDS)> temperate desert (TD). The areas with high, medium and low soil fertility accounted for 63.19%, 34.24% and 2.57% of the total grassland area. Soil fertility of different grassland types had different main limiting factors, for instance, the pH, total N and SOM were the main factors limiting soil fertility in LM, while pH and available P were the main factors limiting soil fertility in UM, AM, TS and AS. In summary, the grassland soil fertility was generally at the mid-upper level, and the main limiting factors were found in the different types of the grasslands and their spatial distributions were figured out. Our findings also indicated that the typical grasslands and meadows may require phosphorus application, while for desert grasslands, both nitrogen and phosphorus were required to improve their comprehensive soil fertility and grassland productivity.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grasslands"

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Stevens, Randall Elliott. "The use of weed technology in Palouse prairie remnants for management and restoration." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2010/r_stevens_051010.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in crop science)--Washington State University, August 2010.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 30, 2010). "Department of Crop and Soil Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.
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Wissman, Jörgen. "Grazing regimes and plant reproduction in semi-natural grasslands /." Uppsala : Department of Conservation Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200640.pdf.

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Soest, Francien van. "Factors determining location and species composition of wet grasslands in Southwest England /." Utrecht : Royal Dutch Geographical Society [u.a.], 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0710/2007385399.html.

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Brown, David E., and Elizabeth Makings. "Arctic-Boreal Grasslands." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622015.

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Brown, David E., and Elizabeth Makings. "Cold Temperate Grasslands." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622029.

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Brown, David E., and Elizabeth Makings. "Warm Temperate Grasslands." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622030.

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Brown, David E., and Elizabeth Makings. "Neotropical Savanna Grasslands." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622031.

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Phipps, Sarah J. "Biodiversity of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in restored grasslands of different ages." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4538.

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Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 27, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Joyce, Christopher Brian. "Management of European floodplain grasslands for plant biodiversity." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1998. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/6988.

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European floodplain grasslands are characterized by periodic flooding and regular management, usually cutting and grazing as part of an agricultural system. Past losses and ecological degradation have been due largely to river regulation and either agricultural intensification or abandonment and have resulted in a substantial reduction in area across Europe. Nevertheless, the remaining resource supports considerable biodiversity and a high level of biological production. A better quantitative understanding of the functioning of these grasslands is required in order to establish effective conservation management within a sustainable land use system. The thesis examines the impact of key management factors on three important functional characteristics of the biodiversity of floodplain plant communities, namely plant diversity (measured by species diversity), cover (%) and primary production (above-ground biomass), on two floodplain grasslands of the River Trent, UK and a third on the the Luznice river, the Czech Republic. Field investigations of the effects of cutting, grazing, cessation of management, the influence of floodborne litter, and the impact of fertilizer nitrogen were undertaken over periods of between one and three seasons. These demonstrated that floodplain grassland plant communities are sensitive to variations in management and that impacts on communities are mediated particularly through effects on plant competition. Productive competitive species were encouraged both by abandonment and fertilizer application whereas cutting and grazing management, and the imposition of litter, favoured stress-tolerating perennials. Species diversity decreased both with high inputs of litter and additions of fertilizer. Plant community responses and competitive strategies of key species are discussed in the context of biodiversity conservation, ecological restoration and management of European floodplain grasslands.
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Gustavsson, Eva. "Grassland plant diversity in relation to historical and current land use /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007106.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Grasslands"

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T, Coupland R., ed. Natural grasslands. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1993.

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T, Coupland Robert, ed. Natural grasslands. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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T, Coupland R., ed. Natural grasslands. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1992.

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Sabin, Louis. Grasslands. Mahwah, N.J: Troll Associates, 1985.

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Vaughan, Jenny. Grasslands. Lexington, Mass: Schoolhouse Press, 1986.

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Wilkins, Sally. Grasslands. Mankato, Minn: Bridgestone Books, 2001.

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Society, National Audubon, ed. Grasslands. New York: Knopf, 1989.

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Brown, Lauren. Grasslands. New York: Knopf, 1985.

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Waterlow, Julia. Grasslands. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1997.

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David, Lambert. Grasslands. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Silver Burdett Press, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grasslands"

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Groombridge, Brian. "Grasslands." In Global Biodiversity, 280–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2282-5_21.

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Betancourt, Kian, and Brittany Mabie. "Grasslands." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_315-1.

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Duru, M., G. Lemaire, and P. Cruz. "Grasslands." In Diagnosis of the Nitrogen Status in Crops, 59–72. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60684-7_3.

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Bahn, Michael, Johannes Ingrisch, and Anke Jentsch. "Grasslands." In Landscape Series, 349–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98756-5_15.

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Risser, Paul G. "Grasslands." In Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities, 232–56. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4830-3_11.

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Betancourt, Kian, and Brittany Mabie. "Grasslands." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 3528–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_315.

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Hidy, Dóra, Attila Machon, László Haszpra, Zoltán Nagy, Krisztina Pintér, Galina Churkina, Balázs Grosz, László Horváth, and Zoltán Barcza. "Grasslands." In Atmospheric Greenhouse Gases: The Hungarian Perspective, 229–51. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9950-1_10.

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Nagy, Zoltán, Zoltán Barcza, László Horváth, János Balogh, Andrea Hagyó, Noémi Káposztás, Balázs Grosz, Attila Machon, and Krisztina Pintér. "Grasslands." In Atmospheric Greenhouse Gases: The Hungarian Perspective, 91–119. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9950-1_6.

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Debinski, Diane M. "Insects in Grassland Ecosystems." In Rangeland Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, 897–929. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34037-6_26.

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AbstractInsects serve as ecosystem engineers in grasslands. Their impacts are comparable in scale to those of mammals, but because they are so much smaller, their roles and influences are not always as obvious. The roles that insects play in grasslands are as diverse as Class Insecta itself, including herbivory, pollination, seed dispersal, soil profile modification, nutrient cycling, parasitism, and serving as intermediaries between plants and wildlife in food webs. In the context of their effects on grassland wildlife species, insects serve as essential food resources for many species of birds, bats, reptiles, mammals, amphibians, fish, and other insects. Insects also have significant effects on the habitat structure available for wildlife because they can, on the one hand, enhance the productivity of grassland vegetation, but alternatively, they have the power to completely defoliate a grassland. From the perspective of food webs, insects play multiple roles. They can serve as food for wildlife, but they also can serve as parasites, vectors of disease, and decomposers. Ecological changes in grasslands due to events such as fire, grazing, herbicide or insecticide application, and habitat fragmentation or loss can affect both wildlife and insects. For that reason, ecologists are often interested in linking the study of a particular wildlife species to the associated insect community. Insects are simply less visible ecological engineers, continually interacting with wildlife, and modifying the habitat where they coexist with wildlife in grassland ecosystems.
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New, Tim R. "Urban Grasslands." In Insect Conservation and Australia’s Grasslands, 89–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22780-7_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grasslands"

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Jargalsaikhan, Margad-Erdene, Dorj Ichikawa, Masahiko Nagai, Tuvshintogtokh Indree, and Vaibhav Katiyar. "Analyzing Grazing-Induced Changes in Mongolian Grasslands using Planetscope Imagery." In IGARSS 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2700–2704. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss53475.2024.10640522.

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Valkovski, Tsvetan, Durhan Saliev, Iliyan Damyanov, and Kalin Dimitrov. "A Comparison of Ground-Based and Aerial Thermographic Imaging of Grasslands." In 2024 59th International Scientific Conference on Information, Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies (ICEST), 1–4. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icest62335.2024.10639761.

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Liesenberg, Veraldo, Marchante Olimpio Assura Ambrósio, Gustavo Bassoli Branco, Vitoria Regina Vinciguera, Marcos Benedito Schimalski, and Michel T. R. N. de Omena. "Mapping Burned Scars over Grasslands using PlanetScope Images in Southern Brazil." In 2024 12th International Conference on Agro-Geoinformatics (Agro-Geoinformatics), 1–4. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/agro-geoinformatics262780.2024.10660959.

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Durau, Carmen Claudia, Casiana Doina Mihut, Anisoara Claudia Duma-Copcea, Adalbert Okros, and Vlad Dragoslav Mircov. "APPRECIATION ON BIODIVERSITY IN SEVERAL PERMANENT GRASSLANDS IN TIMIS COUNTY, ROMANIA. A CASE STUDY." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.10.

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The biodiversity of grassland ecosystems is strongly affected by climatic changes, i.e., by the galloping progression of desertification. These aspects are more and more visible on permanent grasslands (communal pastures). Most researchers in grassland science consider as a major priority the conservation of biodiversity and of the productive potential of permanent grasslands, given that the decrease in the number of livestock has been accelerated. Thus, in recent years, they started case studies on permanent grasslands affected by different factors. They have also developed regulations and methodologies on the sustainable management of permanent grasslands in different forms of property. From this perspective, results of a case study on permanent grasslands located at different altitudes exploited differently both in terms of animal load and of their improvement measures are presented in this study. The method of inventorying the vegetation is that of the double meter or the linear method with which different indices could be quantified (Shannon-Weaver Index, PV). The method of correlations used in this case study highlights the result of the interaction of the analysed parameters as a starting point for the future modelling of the time evolution of grassland areas. The values obtained show that biodiversity is not equally affected in all analysed cases.
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Claudia, Durau Carmen, Mihut Casiana Doina, Chis Ana Codruta, Urlica Alina, and Scedei Daniela. "THE EVOLUTION OF SOME VEGETATION INDICES ON PERMANENT GRASSLANDS IN TIMIS COUNTY (WESTERN ROMANIA)." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.52.

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The areas occupied by permanent grasslands constitute one of the most important ecosystems of the Earth, occupying almost half of it. The use of land covered by grasslands and climate changes are the main stressors of grass communities and implicitly of grassland ecosystems. Its multifunctionality (food source for ruminants, insect habitat, means of soil and water conservation, as well as outdoor activities, etc.) is gradually affected, thus diminishing the mentioned functions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of some indices characterizing permanent grasslands over a three-year period 2020-2023. Observations were made for three years on two permanent grasslands located in the vicinity of Hitia? and Capat (belonging to the same UAT Racovi?a). The monitored indices were the agronomic ones, namely the pastoral value (PV), the grazing capacity (GC), as well as the ecological ones (the Shannon-Weaver and Simpson indices). For each analyzed permanent grassland, three analysis points were taken and the resulting data represent the average. The analysis methods were the linear one to study the vegetation and the indices, and correlation analysis was used for the statistics. Thus, it may be concluded that there are differences from one year to the next in the structure of the vegetation and in grassland communities. This aspect is also reflected in the agricultural fodder potential of the studied grasslands. The results of this study enable starting points for urgent measures to improve these permanent grasslands
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Stroia, Ciprian, Madalina Corcan, Ionel Samfira, Marius Stroia, and Lucretiu Dancea. "THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE GRASSLANDS IN WESTERN ROMANIA FOR THEIR SUSTAINABLE." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.42.

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The productivity of the grasslands is determined by the biodiversity of the plant species present in the vegetation, their quality, but also their exploitation. For their inventory, a series of determination methods are used, methods that are difficult to manage and that require a good knowledge of the plant species. For an agronomic characterization of the plots, it is sufficient to consider only the main species that dominate the plant biomass. A more simplified method is that of botanical surveys which focus only on recognizing the dominant grasses in grasslands. This method allows for an agronomic diagnosis of a grassland without modifying the variables studied, namely, the percentage of biomass participation and the percentage of each functional type of grasses. The method allows the application of a functional typology that can estimate the value of use (forage quality, productivity, precocity or lateness) of a grassland. The purpose of this work is to classify the species by plant families, establish the pastoral value and inventory the grass species, as well as classify them from a morphofunctional point of view, in order to implement some management strategies aimed at ensuring an optimal exploitation of the grasslands taken into study. The measurements were made on three grasslands belonging to the town of Sasca Montana, Romania, located in the south of the Western Carpathians (44�53'13"N 21�42'33"E), at an altitude of 237 m. In this area, the average annual temperatures is between 9 - 10�C, and the precipitation level is between 700 and 800 mm. The three studied grasslands have a similar floristic composition, but with a different participation percentage of species. The dominant grass species, from a morpho-functional point of view, are species of type C (Festuca valesiaca being the dominant species), which shows that these grasslands are weak and do not adapt to mowing practices, although the species included in this morpho-functional type are species with a fairly good fodder value in the vegetative phase.
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Cojocariu, Luminita, Monica Sfircoci, Veronica Sarateanu, Cristian Bostan, and Loredana Copacean. "THE INFLUENCE OF THE ALTITUDE GRADIENT IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF GRASSLANDS, CENTRAL ELEMENTS IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL AREAS. CASE STUDY." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022v/6.2/s25.43.

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If we refer to the sustainable development of a territory, it can be stated that the natural resources and implicitly the land resources, occupy the central place within this process, in this case, the land use can be seen as an "indicator" element of the trends of the process of sustainable development. The specialized literature shows, in various studies, the direct and indirect influence of the relief on the way of land use, implicitly on the distribution of grasslands, through altitude, slope or morphometric characteristics. In this context, the paper aims, in a holistic approach, to make an analysis of the distribution of grassland areas on altitudinal floors to quantify their share in relation to other categories of land use, depending on specific local factors (natural and anthropogenic). Two regions were selected that extend over an altitude range of approx. 1200 m, from 200 m, in the depression area, to 1340 m, in the mountain area, located in western Romania. The distribution of land use categories, respectively grassland areas, was analyzed in the GIS environment, based on Corine Land Cover data. The overlay analysis found that the grasslands are distributed on all defined altitudinal floors, in different environmental conditions, but their proportion is different, depending on local conditions. Differences were also found in the occupation of the space: in the low area, the grasslands are found on fragmented areas, interspersed with arable land and in the hilly and mountainous areas, the areas of grasslands are larger, compact, positioned at the edge of the forests.
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Samfira, Ionel, Nicolae Marinel Horablaga, Costel Barliba, Christiana Istrate-Schiller, and Gheorgeh David. "DYNAMICS OF GRASSLANDS SOIL PRODUCTIVITY UNDER THE ALTITUDINAL INFLUENCE. CASE STUDY OF THE SUREANU MOUNTAINS AREA IN ROMANIA." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/3.1/s13.24.

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The study aimed to identify the influence of the altitudinal difference on the fertility characteristics of grasslands soils and implicitly on the production and quality of plant associations intended for grazing with animals. For that, the study material was represented by the soils of the grasslands in the region of the ?ureanu Mountains, part of the Southern Carpathians of Romania. From a geographical point of view, distinct formations were identified in the studied area with altitudes between 250 m and 1800/1850 m as high plains, high hills; subalpine and alpine areas. In the research, the area identified three types of predominate grassland soils: dystric leptosol (21%), albic stagnic luvisol (18%), and moderately eroded albic stagnated luvisol (17%). In general, all these soils from the permanent grasslands have as common characteristics: pseudo-gleysation, moderately to strongly acidic reaction, and moderate humus content, which causes low nutrition of the grassland species, especially those with high fodder value (grasses and legumes). As a result, it can be observed that depending on the altitude, the productive characteristics of the soil fertility indicators also evolve. Thus, at average altitudes of 300 m, the soil of the stagnated luvisol type dominates, towards 1000 m altitude, the dystric leptosol appears, and around the altitude of 1850 meters, the soil of the dystric cambisol overshadowed the gleyic type dominates.
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Cojocariu, Luminita, Loredana Copacean, Marinel Horablaga, Veronica Sarateanu, and Ionel Samfira. "THE DIRECTION OF CHANGES IN THE GRASSLANDS SURFACES IN THE MOUNTAIN AREA OF BANAT." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023v/6.2/s25.49.

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Grasslands, some of the most important resources of mountain areas, have been and are subject to changes, both in time and in space, under the action of natural and/or anthropogenic factors. In this context, the research aims, in the first stage, to identify and quantify the areas of grasslands subject to changes, both through surface losses and gains, and in the second stage, to establish the general direction of changes, at regional level. As a case study, the area of the Banat Mountains, from southwest Romania, was selected, a very complex area from a physical-geographical and socio-economic point of view. The analysis of grassland areas and implicitly the changes produced, was made in the GIS environment, based on Corine Land Cover data, over a period of approximately thirty years. As a result of the research, it was found that the areas of grasslands were "mobilized" by adding areas from other categories of use (orchards, lands with natural vegetation and so on), but also by switching to other categories of use, especially in high mountain areas, through afforestation. Also, the study showed important differences in territorial profile, of great importance for local communities and the economy of the mountain area. Monitoring changes in grassland areas is also particularly important in terms of management strategies or sustainable development of mountain areas.
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Rusina, Solvita, Gundega Vacere, Peteris Lakovskis, and Linda Ievina. "Changes in semi-natural grassland distribution in relation to common agricultural policy 2014–2020 area-based payments in Latvia." In Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.002.

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Semi-natural grasslands (SNG) are essential in the context of farmland biodiversity. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), on the other hand, is an important tool for the continuation of the management of semi-natural grasslands. Explicit knowledge on the pattern of grassland area changes is important to foster a more effective use of CAP for grassland biodiversity conservation. Our aim was to determine the habitat-specific changes in the distribution of Latvian SNG across different management regimes. Based on state-owned geospatial data of SNG distribution in 2014 and 2022, we assessed changes in semi-natural grassland areas over nearly ten years by analyzing grassland management and spatial distribution including areas inside and outside the Natura 2000 network. The spatial distribution of SNG remained similar in both periods. Eastern Latvia retained the highest share of SNG while the central part showed the most pronounced increase in new localities of SNG due to extensive habitat mapping carried out in recent years. Abandonment appeared as a more important threat to SNG in the Natura 2000 network and more profoundly to unproductive habitat types while transformation into arable land and grassland intensification was a considerable threat to SNG outside the network and to more productive habitat types. We suggest that agri-environment schemes should address the different needs of SNG in the Natura 2000 network and outside it.
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Reports on the topic "Grasslands"

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Jane Capozzelli, Jane Capozzelli. Biodiversity in working landscapes: Help us conserve declining grassland birds in restored Midwestern grasslands. Experiment, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/8053.

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Groot, M. Toxic plants in grasslands in the Netherlands. Wageningen: Wageningen Food Safety Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/576217.

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Shriver, Greg, and Leah Rudge. Grassland bird and raptor inventory of Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, 2022. National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2304340.

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Harpers Ferry National Historical Park (NHP) includes grassland habitats that are maintained for the interpretation of historic Civil War battles. In 2022, as part of the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring program, the University of Delaware conducted a grassland bird and raptor inventory in the park. The goals of this inventory were to determine the grassland bird use of Harpers Ferry grasslands during Spring and Fall migration, estimate the abundance and daily nest survival for focal breeding species, and determine the raptor use during migration. We established and used multiple avian sampling techniques to address these goals including distance sampling using line transects, mist-netting to capture passerine birds, point counts, hawk watching, and nest searching and monitoring. We conducted this inventory during the annual cycle starting in March 2022 and completed the sampling in October 2022. During the course of this effort, we detected 111 species using the Harpers Ferry grasslands at some time during the year. We found that the park is supporting migrating and breeding grassland birds and that the avian species composition changes over the course of the annual cycle. During migration, we detected focal grassland bird species including Bobolink, Savannah Sparrow, Grasshopper Sparrow, and Eastern Meadowlark. During the breeding season, we located and monitored Eastern Meadowlark and Grasshopper Sparrow nests with adequate sample sizes to estimate daily nest survival. We found that Eastern Meadowlark daily nest survival was relatively high (99%) and was influenced by the proximity of the nest to a forested edge. We recommend the park focus on Eastern Meadowlark and Grasshopper Sparrows as these two species used the park during both Spring and Fall migrations and successfully fledged young during the breeding season. The park could attempt to maintain or enhance Eastern Meadowlark and Grasshopper Sparrow use of the park during all stages of the annual cycle but especially during the breeding season. This could be achieved by continuing to keep the existing breeding areas intact through delayed mowing (no mowing from 15 May ? 15 July), removing tree lines and woody or non-native vegetation to increase the perceived openness and grassland patch size, and continuing to monitor the effects of any management actions that may influence grassland bird use of Harpers Ferry NHP. Grassland birds are a national conservation priority so any sites that have the capacity to maintain or enhance these declining habitat specialists should do so. Grassland birds provide an opportunity to integrate cultural and natural resources as these birds were most certainly present prior to, during, and after the Civil War Battles that Harpers Ferry was established to commemorate.
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Elseroad, Adrien, Nathan Emery, and undefined. Changes in vegetation at Lawrence Memorial Grasslands Preserve. The Nature Conservancy, February 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3411/col.07282305.

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Finch, Deborah M., Carolyn Baldwin, David P. Brown, Katelyn P. Driscoll, Erica Fleishman, Paulette L. Ford, Brice Hanberry, Amy J. Symstad, Bill Van Pelt, and Richard Zabel. Management opportunities and research priorities for Great Plains grasslands. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-398.

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Finch, Deborah M., Carolyn Baldwin, David P. Brown, Katelyn P. Driscoll, Erica Fleishman, Paulette L. Ford, Brice Hanberry, Amy J. Symstad, Bill Van Pelt, and Richard Zabel. Management opportunities and research priorities for Great Plains grasslands. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-398.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 3: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Mountain Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.303.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 2: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Terai Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.302.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 3: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Mountain Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.303.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 2: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Terai Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.302.

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