Relevant bibliographies by topics / Grassland

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Grassland'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Grassland"

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Liu, Yu, Fuping Tian, Pengyan Jia, Jingge Zhang, Fujiang Hou, and Gaolin Wu. "Leguminous species sequester more carbon than gramineous species in cultivated grasslands of a semi-arid area." Solid Earth 8, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-8-83-2017.

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Abstract. The establishment of grasslands on abandoned cropland has been proposed as an effective method to mitigate climate change. In this study, five cultivated grasslands (three leguminous species and two gramineous species), one abandoned cropland, and one natural grassland were studied to examine how soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration rate and sequestration efficiency change in a semi-arid area in China. Our results showed that leguminous grasslands had greater total biomass (above- and belowground biomass), SOC storage, SOC sequestration rate, and efficiency than gramineous grasslands, abandoned cropland, and natural grassland during the experimental period. The largest soil carbon (C) accumulation in leguminous grassland was mainly attributed to the capacity to incorporate C and the higher biomass production. Leguminous grasslands accumulated more SOC than gramineous grasslands by 0.64 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. The average SOC sequestration efficiency in leguminous grassland (1.00) was about 2 times greater than gramineous grassland (0.34). The results indicate that cultivated leguminous grassland sequestered more SOC with higher SOC sequestration efficiency than cultivated gramineous grassland in arid and semi-arid areas. Our results provide a reference for ecological management in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Guo, Zheng Gang, Tian Gang Liang, Xing Yuan Liu, and Fu Jun Niu. "A new approach to grassland management for the arid Aletai region in Northern China." Rangeland Journal 28, no. 2 (2006): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj05018.

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Land degradation in the arid Aletai Region in northern China is not only detrimental to animal production, but also reduces the ability to conserve water resources by destabilising the catchments of rivers which affects runoff, thus, threatening the sustainable use of these grasslands. A new approach to grassland management based on carrying capacity and ecological services value of grassland types, using an index of classification management (ICG), was designed to ensure the sustainability of grassland ecosystems. In this approach, grassland is classified into 3 management sectors. The first is conservation grassland, which is mainly devoted to ecological and social values; the second is the moderately productive grassland, dedicated to multiple benefits by rational use; and the third is intensively productive grassland, focusing on maximum economic effect. For the arid Aletai region, no intensively productive grassland was available. Conservation grassland occupied 2.5 million ha, accounted for 25.4% of grassland area, and included alpine meadow, mountain meadow, mountain meadow steppe, mountain steppe and flat meadow. In these grasslands, grazing should be eliminated to allow restoration of degenerated areas, protect grasslands with important ecological values from destruction, and to further improve the environment. Moderately productive grassland covered 7.3 million ha, and the grassland types were alpine steppe, mountain desert steppe, plain desert steppe, steppe desert, and plain desert. Agricultural measures, such as fertiliser and irrigation application, should be used to enhance the productivity of these grasslands.
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Li, Qiang, Junyin Yang, Wenhao Guan, Zhigang Liu, Guoxing He, Degang Zhang, and Xiaoni Liu. "Soil fertility evaluation and spatial distribution of grasslands in Qilian Mountains Nature Reserve of eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau." PeerJ 9 (April 23, 2021): e10986. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10986.

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The study assessed the overall soil characteristics of grasslands on Qilian Mountains and rated the soil nutrient status with classification standard of the second national soil survey of China. Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the soil fertility of different grassland types. GIS was used to analyze the spatial distribution of the soil nutrients and provided a database for the grassland’s ecological protection and restoration. The study graded the soil organic matter (SOM), total N, and available K at level 2 (high) or above for most regions, available soil-P at level 4, while the soil bulk density, total porosity and pH were 0.77–1.32 g cm−3, 35.36–58.83% and 7.63–8.54, respectively. The rank of comprehensive soil fertility index was temperate steppe (TS) > alpine meadow (AM) > alpine steppe (AS) >upland meadow (UM) >alpine desert (AD)> lowland meadow (LM)> temperate desert steppe (TDS)> temperate desert (TD). The areas with high, medium and low soil fertility accounted for 63.19%, 34.24% and 2.57% of the total grassland area. Soil fertility of different grassland types had different main limiting factors, for instance, the pH, total N and SOM were the main factors limiting soil fertility in LM, while pH and available P were the main factors limiting soil fertility in UM, AM, TS and AS. In summary, the grassland soil fertility was generally at the mid-upper level, and the main limiting factors were found in the different types of the grasslands and their spatial distributions were figured out. Our findings also indicated that the typical grasslands and meadows may require phosphorus application, while for desert grasslands, both nitrogen and phosphorus were required to improve their comprehensive soil fertility and grassland productivity.
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Reinermann, Sophie, Sarah Asam, and Claudia Kuenzer. "Remote Sensing of Grassland Production and Management—A Review." Remote Sensing 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2020): 1949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12121949.

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Grasslands cover one third of the earth’s terrestrial surface and are mainly used for livestock production. The usage type, use intensity and condition of grasslands are often unclear. Remote sensing enables the analysis of grassland production and management on large spatial scales and with high temporal resolution. Despite growing numbers of studies in the field, remote sensing applications in grassland biomes are underrepresented in literature and less streamlined compared to other vegetation types. By reviewing articles within research on satellite-based remote sensing of grassland production traits and management, we describe and evaluate methods and results and reveal spatial and temporal patterns of existing work. In addition, we highlight research gaps and suggest research opportunities. The focus is on managed grasslands and pastures and special emphasize is given to the assessment of studies on grazing intensity and mowing detection based on earth observation data. Grazing and mowing highly influence the production and ecology of grassland and are major grassland management types. In total, 253 research articles were reviewed. The majority of these studies focused on grassland production traits and only 80 articles were about grassland management and use intensity. While the remote sensing-based analysis of grassland production heavily relied on empirical relationships between ground-truth and satellite data or radiation transfer models, the used methods to detect and investigate grassland management differed. In addition, this review identified that studies on grassland production traits with satellite data often lacked including spatial management information into the analyses. Studies focusing on grassland management and use intensity mostly investigated rather small study areas with homogeneous intensity levels among the grassland parcels. Combining grassland production estimations with management information, while accounting for the variability among grasslands, is recommended to facilitate the development of large-scale continuous monitoring and remote sensing grassland products, which have been rare thus far.
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Chang, Shenghua, Kaili Xie, Wucheng Du, Qianmin Jia, Tianhan Yan, Hao Yang, and Fujiang Hou. "Effects of Mowing Times on Nutrient Composition and In Vitro Digestibility of Forage in Three Sown Pastures of China Loess Plateau." Animals 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2022): 2807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12202807.

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Mowing, Mowing, which affects the nutritional levels of grasslands, is the main utilization of sown pasture. We sowed alfalfa monoculture grassland, tall fescue monoculture grassland and tall fescue + alfalfa mixed grassland in typical steppe of the Loess Plateau to investigate the nutrient compositions and in vitro degradability of those three grasslands under different mowing stubble times and to provide reference for nutrient management of sown pastures. The results showed that the stubble time significantly affected (P < 0.05) the nutrient compositions and mineral elements of forages in alfalfa monoculture grassland, whereas had no effects on the nutrient compositions and dry matter digestibility of forages in tall fescue monoculture grassland and alfalfa + tall fescue mixed grassland. The relative feeding value of mixed grassland of alfalfa and tall fescue was increased by 2.6-22.4% as compared to monoculture grasslands. The model constructed based on forage nutrient content could accurately predict the forage dry matter degradability of alfalfa monoculture, tall fescue monoculture and mixed alfalfa and tall fescue, respectively.
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Qian, Shuan, Feifei Pan, Menxin Wu, and Yinglong Sun. "Appropriated protection time and region for Qinghai–Tibet Plateau grassland." Open Geosciences 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 706–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geo-2022-0383.

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Abstract Grassland accounts for 67% of the land area in Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) to sensitive to climate. This article carried out extensive temporal–spatial variations of grassland water deficit/surplus (GWDS) and net primary productivity (NPP) of QTP grassland using meteorological data of 1981–2018. The results indicate that precipitation’s temporal variations are not related to potential evapotranspiration (PET). The maximum monthly precipitation occurs in July, while the maximum monthly PET appears in June. Precipitation is the second highest in spring when PET is the highest. The water deficit (PET-precipitation) from March to June takes up 51.4% of the total year. Therefore, droughts are more likely to happen in spring and June. This is the most important period for grassland protection. Water deficit is higher in the central and west and the highest in the northwest of QTP grasslands. This indicates the place where the droughts are more likely to occur. The grassland’s annual NPP is high in the southeastern part of QTP and low in the west. This shows the central and western parts of QTP grassland should receive more attention. The specific time and region obtained in this study are important for environmental protection policy-making and reducing grassland degradation in QTP.
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Xue, Zhichao, Martin Kappas, and Daniel Wyss. "Spatio-Temporal Grassland Development in Inner Mongolia after Implementation of the First Comprehensive Nation-Wide Grassland Conservation Program." Land 10, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10010038.

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Protection of the grassland’s ecological environment and improvement of people’s livelihoods are major tasks for the management of pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia. The comprehensive program for grassland conservation in China, the Subsidy and Incentive System for Grassland Conservation (SISGC), was launched in 2011. To comprehend the effects of this major step towards sustainable grassland development, this study focuses on the spatio-temporal development of grasslands in Inner Mongolia since 2011. Through the combination of MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) satellite data with up to date meteorological data, we used the indicators of Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) to analyze qualitative and quantitative grassland changes. A classification system on the pixel level, reflecting change trends and fluctuations of both FVC and NPP, was applied to monitor and analyze the grassland development from 2011 to 2019. In particular, the spatial transfer matrix of the recent two years (2018 to 2019) was analyzed to reveal the latest potential issues and random impact factors. The results show a positive overall but spatially unbalanced effect of SISGC, with a prominent positive impact in the semi-desert grassland area. The potential threats from both social and natural aspects as well as the importance of a forecast system for local stakeholders in the pastoral area are discussed.
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Tóth, Csilla, Géza Nagy, and Antónia Nyakas. "The Evaluation of Grazed Grasslands on the Hortobágy." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 10 (May 11, 2003): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/10/3463.

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The sward composition of different grasslands on Puszta Hortobágy has been developed according to prevailing abiotic and biotic factors. The abiotic conditions have been more or less constans for long periods of time, and the abiotic factors are determined by ecological conditions (climate, soil, topography). Among biotic factors grazing of herbivores was important in the development of Hortobágy grasslands for centuries (Sipos and Varga, 1993). Result of three-year investigations on the sward composition of grasslands utilised in different ways are presented. Data on ground cover, number of plant species, representation of different plant groups (grasses, sedge and bent-grass, herbs, legumes) and weeds are reported from six different grazed grassland types from Puszta Hortobágy.In 1999-2001 a sward composition survey was conducted. Sample areas of 2x2 m2 were marked out in three replicates: on temporarily waterlogged grassland grazed by cattle (A), on dry grassland grazed by cattle (B), on dry grassland grazed by sheep (C), on dry grassland grazed by buffaloes (D), on dry grassland grazed by buffaloes and geese (E), on dry grassland cut for hay in May then grazed by geese (F). On the sample areas sward composition of grasslands was estimated according to Balázs (1949).The average ground cover of different grasslands ranged between 60 and 100% (Table 2). The lowest value was found for grasslands C and E, which are grazed by sheep (C) and buffaloes and geese alternately (E). In these grasslands were some open spaces, on the other grasslands completely closed swards covers were observed.The species diversity of these natural grasslands are high (Table 2). The grassland F, which were cut for hay in May had the lowest diversity (17-21). The highest number of species was found on grassland A and B (32-51), on other grazed grasslands (C, D, E) had 29-48 species.The different plant groups had different representation in the total ground cover (Table 3). The number of herbs was always higher then that of grasses, but the cover of herbs was lower then that of grasses. The legumes and the sedge and bent grasses were present in high abundance in grassland A, but in the other grasslands were not.The composition of herbs should be a warning for future utilisation systems on some grasslands of Hortobágy. Some species of herbs, e.g. Achillea millefolium, Artemisia vulgaris, Carduus acanthoides, Cirsium arvense, Cirsium vulgare Eryngium campestre, Galium mollugo, Galium verum, Ononis spinosa, Rumex crispus, Verbascum phlomoideus, Phragmites australis can be invasive on short grasslands.
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Wang, Xianguo, Jianguo Han, and Yongping Dong. "Recent Grassland Policies in China." Outlook on Agriculture 34, no. 2 (June 2005): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/0000000054224319.

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This paper provides a basis for understanding recent grassland polices in China and their backgrounds. First, the characteristics and importance of China's grasslands are described briefly. Next, the trends and causes of grassland degradation and desertification are presented. In the main part of the paper, recent key grassland policies and practices adopted by the Chinese government to overcome the environmental crisis are summarized. In conclusion, grassland construction and protection will become the main element of grassland practices over the long term, and grasslands will increasingly be managed more for environmental and ecological services rather than for livestock production.
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Riah-Anglet, Wassila, Elodie Cusset, Rémi Chaussod, Stéven Criquet, Marie-Paule Norini, Nathalie Cheviron, Christian Mougin, et al. "Introducing Grasslands into Crop Rotations, a Way to Restore Microbiodiversity and Soil Functions." Agriculture 11, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11100909.

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The aims of this study were to investigate (i) the influence of aging grassland in the recovery of soil state by the comparison of permanent grassland, two restored grasslands, two temporary grasslands, and a continuous crop in the same pedoclimatic conditions, (ii) the extent and the persistence of the potential changes following a grassland/or cropland phase. We hypothesized that the level of microbial communities and enzyme activities could achieve a profile close to that of permanent grassland after the introduction of grassland for a few years in crop rotations. Soil biophysicochemical properties were studied. Our results indicated that the abundance of microbial communities and enzyme activities were positively correlated to soil C and N contents and negatively correlated to soil pH. The changes in microbial abundance level were strongly linked to the changes in functional level when grasslands are introduced into crop rotations. We also showed that a continuous crop regime had a stronger legacy on the soil biota and functions. By contrast, the legacy of a grassland regime changed quickly when the grassland regime is interrupted by recent culture events. A grassland regime enabled the restoration of functions after more than five cumulative years in the grassland regime.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Grassland"

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Stevens, Randall Elliott. "The use of weed technology in Palouse prairie remnants for management and restoration." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2010/r_stevens_051010.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in crop science)--Washington State University, August 2010.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 30, 2010). "Department of Crop and Soil Sciences." Includes bibliographical references.
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Soest, Francien van. "Factors determining location and species composition of wet grasslands in Southwest England /." Utrecht : Royal Dutch Geographical Society [u.a.], 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy0710/2007385399.html.

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Wissman, Jörgen. "Grazing regimes and plant reproduction in semi-natural grasslands /." Uppsala : Department of Conservation Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2006. http://epsilon.slu.se/200640.pdf.

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Schmitz, Anja [Verfasser]. "Grassland management with horses: Its role in grassland utilization in Germany and the effects on grassland vegetation / Anja Schmitz." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1225556112/34.

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Gustavsson, Eva. "Grassland plant diversity in relation to historical and current land use /." Uppsala : Dept. of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/2007106.pdf.

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Ložytė, Aurelija. "The influence of agri-environmental measures based grassland management on grassland plant communities." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140526_082518-10331.

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Grassland is an important component of agrarian landscape, performing wide range of ecological, economic and social functions. Long-term changes of the conditions of habitats, determined by human economic activities, influence the state of grassland plants. Rural Development Programme for Lithuania 2007–2013 sets measure to preserve biological diversity of grassland. The purpose of it is to reduce negative anthropogenic effect on grassland plant communities using the EU funds. Having researched the differences of grassland plant diversity and economic value, influenced by different intensity economic activities, the main objective of this paper is to evaluate the efficiency of EU regulated, agri-environmental measures based, grassland management methods in small farming sector of Lithuania. The research, involving the assessment of the number of plant species, diversity of plant families, distribution of relative plant abundance, and dominance of plant species in plant communities in grassland managed traditionally and according to the requirements of agri-environmental farming, showed that both types of grassland had similar plant communities. Such conclusion was drawn from the analysis of Jaccard and Sörensen similarity coefficients. The difference of plant adaptation to soil dampness, acidity, and nutrition was not statistically significant in grasslands of both types. Most of the plants in grassland researched were mesophytes; soil acidity was not a determining factor to... [to full text]
Pievos yra svarbus agrarinio kraštovaizdžio komponentas, atliekantis įvairias ekologines, ekonomines ir socialines funkcijas. Ilgalaikiai augaviečių sąlygų pokyčiai, kuriuos lemia žmogaus ūkinė veikla, įtakoja pievų augalų būklę. Lietuvos kaimo plėtros 2007–2013 m. programoje numatyta priemonė pievų biologinės įvairovės išsaugojimui, kurios tikslas panaudojant ES lėšas mažinti neigiamą antropogeninį poveikį pievų augalų bendrijoms. Ištyrus pievų augalijos įvairovės ir ūkinės vertės skirtumus, sąlygotus skirtingos ūkinės veiklos intensyvumo, šio darbo tikslas įvertinti reglamentuotų, ES agrarinės aplinkosaugos priemonėmis paremtų, pievų tvarkymo metodų efektyvumą smulkiuose Lietuvos ūkiuose. Atliktas tyrimas parodė, kad įvertinus augalų rūšių skaičių, augalų šeimų įvairovę, augalų rūšių santykinio gausumo pasiskirstymą, dominuojančias augalų rūšis tradiciniais ir agrarinės aplinkosaugos reikalavimus atitinkančiais ūkininkavimo metodais tvarkomose pievose, nustatyta, kad jose augo panašios augalų bendrijos. Tai parodė ir Žakaro bei Sörensen bendrumo koeficientų reikšmės. Abiejų tipų pievose rastų augalų rūšių prisitaikymo prie dirvožemio drėgmės, rūgštingumo, turtingumo maisto medžiagomis rodiklių reikšmės statistiškai reikšmingai nesiskyrė. Pievų augalų bendrijose vyravo mezofitai, daugumai augalų rūšių dirvožemio rūgštingumas buvo neįtakojantis veiksnys, pievoms būdingi mezooligotrofiniai ir mezotrofiniai žolynai. Tyrimas parodė, kad biologinės įvairovės apsaugai palankus... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
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Blake, Shona. "Effects of management practices on the ground beetle assemblages of grassland and related habitats (Coleoptera: Carabidae)." Thesis, Connect to e-thesis, 1996. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/702/.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Glasgow, 1996.
Ph.D. thesis submitted to the Environmental Sciences Department, Scottish Agricultural College, 1996. Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.
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Allan, Eric. "Herbivore interactions and grassland biodiverity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486760.

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The role of vertebrate herbivores in affecting plant diversity and coexistence in grasslands is well known. What is less clear is the importance of invertebrate herbivores and how different groups of herbivores might interact to affect plant communities. I will present data from a 16 year study which factorially excluded insects, molluscs and rabbits in an acid grassland in South East England. Rabbits play a keystone role in preventing tree invasion and therefore maintaining the community as a grassland. The invertebrate herbivores are also important but have contrasting effects: a specialist insect Diuraphis hold feeds on the competitive dominant Holcus mollis, reducing its competitiveness and allowing the coexistence ofother grasses and of forbs. Molluscs feed on forbs, particularly forb seedlings, and therefore reduce diversity by excluding these species. These resulted are supported by short tenn (three year) exclusions ofthese herbivores.One ofthese experiments also excluded fungi, with foliar fungicides, and it suggests that pathogenic fungi may be important in maintaining grassland diversity as well, by reducing the dominance of, in particular Festuca ruhra. The invertebrate herbivores may also interact with the fungi. As mentioned above mollusc herbivores have their greatest impact at the recruitment stage and my thesis will include data from an experiment with mollusc and rabbit exclusion as well as seed sowing and the use ofselective herbicides, to show what effect molluscs have on seedling recnntment and how this interacts with plant competition
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Cook, A. A. "Auchenorrhyncha of a calcareous grassland." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34310.

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1) The Auchenorrhyncha of the Deeps, an area of calcareous grassland in Northamptonshire, were surveyed. Two contrasting sites within grassland, one with taller (50 - 70 cm) vegetation dominated by Brachypodium pinnatum and the other with shorter (10-20 cm) vegetation dominated by Festuca spp., were sampled with both an Univac vacuum sampler and a sweep net between April 22 and September 9, 1987. On two occasions sticky traps were also used. Most of the commoner species showed a marked preference for one or other of the sampling sites. The majority of the 40 species of Auchenorrhyncha recorded from the site during the entire study was found during the survey. 2) The nymphs of the commoner species of Cicadellidae encountered during the study were identified and described. Most of the identifications were made by rearing the nymphs to maturity by confining them in clip-cages on grasses, which were grown in plastic pots in a greenhouse. A key to the nymphs, illustrated by drawing and photographs, was constructed. 3) Choice experiments were conducted in a greenhouse on two of the common species of cicadellid recorded at the Deeps; Adarrus multinotatus and Turrutus socialis. Adult specimens of the two species were collected from the field and released into a cage with seven species of the commoner grasses found at the Deeps. Collections of the leafhoppers made from the grasses indicated that A. multinotatus was specific to Brachypodium pinnatum and Turrutus socialis had a wide host range, with a preference for Avenula pubescens and Festuca rubra. 4) Choice experiments were conducted in the field over a three year period (1990 -1992). Replicated grass species, grown in plastic pots, were sunk into the ground in both the sites initially surveyed at the Deeps. Auchenorrhyncha were collected from the grasses at intervals by carefully removing pots from the ground and brushing the plant inside a muslin cage. Auchenorrhyncha removed from the grasses in this way were collected from the cage with pooters. The data obtained from this aspect of the study indicated that a number of species of Auchenorrhyncha were specific to one grass species or genus, a few species were associated with a well defined range of grasses and a third group (the largest) had a wide host range. 5) During the first year of the field choice experiments an investigation into the role of plant nitrogen in host selection by Auchenorrhyncha was undertaken. The response of Auchenorrhyncha to the 'natural' range of total leaf nitrogen found in unfertilised grasses grown in pots and their response to grasses fertilised with NH4NO3 were studied. Total leaf nitrogen was measured using a micro-Kjeldahl digestion. Although this aspect of the study was limited, the results indicated that only a few species at the Deeps selected plant hosts with a high nitrogen content. 6) Greenhouse no-choice experiments were conducted on the survival and oviposition of Adarrus multinotatus and Turrutus socialis and the survival of Criomorphus albomarginatus on a range of potential host grasses. The survival and oviposition of specimens contained in clip-cages on potential host grasses grown in plastic pots was monitored. The results obtained supported the results of the choice experiments, indicating that A. multinotatus was specific to B. pinnatum, T. socialis had a wide host range, and C. albomarginatus was specific to F. rubra. 7) Observations were made on the oviposition behaviour of a number of species, in addition to those described in 6) above, which were confined on host plants in clip-cages. Dead or living leaf sheaths were most commonly used for oviposition, although flower stems and leaves were also used. Generally, the species observed appeared to be specific in their choice of oviposition site.
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Allan, Eric. "Herbivore interactions and grassland biodiversity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11256.

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Books on the topic "Grassland"

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1960-, Jackson Ian, ed. Grassland wildlife. London: Usborne, 1993.

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Ricciuti, Edward R. Grassland. New York: Benchmark Books, 1996.

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Grasses and grassland ecology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.

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Callery, Sean. Life cycles: Grassland. New York: Kingfisher, 2011.

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Life in the grasslands. Brighton: Book House, 2006.

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Sayre, April Pulley. Grassland. New York: Twenty-First Century Books, 1994.

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Murray, Mathison, ed. Remnant native grasslands in the Mount Lofty Ranges, South Australia. Blackwood, S. Aust: Wallowa Mallee Research Books, 2001.

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B, Joyce Chris, and Wade P. M, eds. European wet grasslands: Biodiversity, management, and restoration. Chichester: John Wiley, 1998.

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Grassland: The history, biology, politics, and promise of the American prairie. New York, USA: Viking, 1995.

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Lemaire, Gilles. Grassland productivity and ecosystem services. Cambridge, MA: CABI, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Grassland"

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Bamforth, Douglas B. "Grassland Ecology." In Ecology and Human Organization on the Great Plains, 31–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2061-4_3.

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Blair, John, Jesse Nippert, and John Briggs. "Grassland Ecology." In Ecology and the Environment, 389–423. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7501-9_14.

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Blair, John, Jesse Nippert, and John Briggs. "Grassland Ecology." In Ecology and the Environment, 1–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7612-2_14-1.

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Spieles, Douglas J. "Grassland Ecosystems." In Protected Land, 115–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6813-5_8.

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Vankat, John L., John L. Vankat, John L. Vankat, and John L. Vankat. "Subalpine-Montane Grassland." In Vegetation Dynamics on the Mountains and Plateaus of the American Southwest, 334–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6149-0_6.

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Li, Linghao, Jiquan Chen, Xingguo Han, Wenhao Zhang, and Changliang Shao. "Sandy Grassland Ecosystem." In Ecosystems of China, 365–400. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3421-8_12.

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Li, Linghao, Jiquan Chen, Xingguo Han, Wenhao Zhang, and Changliang Shao. "Meadow Grassland Ecosystem." In Ecosystems of China, 455–514. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3421-8_14.

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Li, Linghao, Jiquan Chen, Xingguo Han, Wenhao Zhang, and Changliang Shao. "Marsh Grassland Ecosystem." In Ecosystems of China, 515–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3421-8_15.

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Krähmer, Hansjörg. "Overview of grassland." In Atlas of Weed Mapping, 175–82. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118720691.ch23.

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Boonman, Joseph G. "The grassland environment." In East Africa’s grasses and fodders: Their ecology and husbandry, 14–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8224-7_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Grassland"

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Li, Xihan, Xiongwei Han, Zhishuo Zhou, Mingxuan Yuan, Jia Zeng, and Jun Wang. "Grassland." In CIKM '21: The 30th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3459637.3481925.

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ARIVA, Jelena, Katri KALL, Liis OPER, and Ants-Hannes VIIRA. "EFFECTS OF THE RESTRICTIONS OF PRACTICES USED FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF PERMANENT GRASSLANDS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.163.

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From 2004-2015, the utilised agricultural area (UAA) in Estonia increased by 25%. Half of the UAA growth arose from the increase in the area of permanent grassland temporarily not used for production purposes. The main driver of growth in such land has been single area payment (SAP) paid in Estonia since the EU accession in 2004. While subsidising the maintenance of permanent grassland not used for agricultural production is in line with the objectives of the EU Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), it fuels discussions about the effects of this policy on agricultural producers. For every year, member states establish practices equivalent to maintenance of permanent grassland. Until 2014, in Estonia, the minimum activity for the maintenance of permanent grassland under the SAP, was harvesting the grass or chopping it and leaving on the ground. In 2015 and 2016 options for chopping and leaving the grass on the ground were restricted with an aim to target SAP more towards active land users, i.e. agricultural producers. Both agricultural producers and non-producers maintain permanent grassland not used for production purposes. Research on the practices used by different types of actors helps in understanding the variety of practices and potential effects of restrictions of these practices. The survey data was combined with the data from the registries of Estonian Agricultural Registers and Information Board (ARIB), to analyse the potential effects of restrictions of practices on agricultural producers and the area of permanent pasture in Estonia. The results indicate that both agricultural producers and non-producers use grass harvesting and chopping practices. Therefore, restrictions that have effect on both groups of land users are not the most efficient way of targeting SAP towards agricultural producers, and potentially reduce the area of permanent grasslands. This result would be in conflict with the aims of the CAP.
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Siltumens, Kristaps, Sindija Liepa, Inga Grinfelde, Diana Ruska, and Dzidra Kreismane. "IMPACTS OF GRASSLAND PLANT COMPOSITION ON GHG EMISSIONS IN CLAY SOIL." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.42.

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One of the largest producers of GHG emissions in agriculture is the dairy and meat livestock sector. Grassland is the main feed base for dairy and meat cattle. Managed grasslands can become a major contributor to and leverage of GHG gas exchange. High quality information with studies on the flow of the three main GHG gases and concentration linked to different management strategies is important for the development of good management practices, as well as for the development of climateresilient landscapes and the reduction of climate impacts on agricultural lands. The aim of this study is to identify the impacts of the composition of grassland plants on GHG emissions on clay soils, as well as to clarify the impact of fertiliser on these gases. The pilot research used a field of 45 m wide and 34 m long, which was divided into 64 squares. The squares of field were divided into 2 parts � fertilised and non-fertilised, creating four repetitions. Each of the groups consisted of eight fields, each of which was filled with herbaceous grasslands in accordance with Latvian climate conditions. Measurements of GHG emissions were carried out weekly from 5 June to 16 September. N2O, CH4, CO2, gases were measured with CRDS gas measurement device PICARO G2508. Each field was measured for four minutes, a minute pause was withheld between the measurements, for measurement accuracy. Grass composition has an impact on GHG emissions, as the results have revealed a significant difference between the selected grass mixtures. The lowest N2O emissions, as well as one of the largest CH4 sequestration, but CO2 emissions are among the average. Additional an analysis of the data, it was found that the fertiliser had not affected GHG emissions, this is due to the correct selection of the fertiliser.
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Yan, Xiyu, Yong Jiang, Shuai Chen, Zihao He, Chunmei Li, Shu-Tao Xia, Tao Dai, Shuo Dong, and Feng Zheng. "Automatic Grassland Degradation Estimation Using Deep Learning." In Twenty-Eighth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-19}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2019/835.

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Grassland degradation estimation is essential to prevent global land desertification and sandstorms. Typically, the key to such estimation is to measure the coverage of indicator plants. However, traditional methods of estimation rely heavily on human eyes and manual labor, thus inevitably leading to subjective results and high labor costs. In contrast, deep learning-based image segmentation algorithms are potentially capable of automatic assessment of the coverage of indicator plants. Nevertheless, a suitable image dataset comprising grassland images is not publicly available. To this end, we build an original Automatic Grassland Degradation Estimation Dataset (AGDE-Dataset), with a large number of grassland images captured from the wild. Based on AGDE-Dataset, we are able to propose a brand new scheme to automatically estimate grassland degradation, which mainly consists of two components. 1) Semantic segmentation: we design a deep neural network with an improved encoder-decoder structure to implement semantic segmentation of grassland images. In addition, we propose a novel Focal-Hinge Loss to alleviate the class imbalance of semantics in the training stage. 2) Degradation estimation: we provide the estimation of grassland degradation based on the results of semantic segmentation. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves satisfactory accuracy in grassland degradation estimation.
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Guo, Xulin, Wei Gao, and John Wilmshurst. "Measuring grassland structure for recovery of grassland species at risk." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Wei Gao and David R. Shaw. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.613198.

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Zhang, Xuening, Yong You, and Decheng Wang. "Study on grassland tillage." In 2021 ASABE Annual International Virtual Meeting, July 12-16, 2021. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.202100405.

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Löffler, Franz, Dominik Poniatowski, and Thomas Fartmannn. "Slow response of grassland specialists to habitat fragmentation in well-connected calcareous grasslands." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/108012.

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Zhao, Bingru, and Hui Wang. "Multisource data complex classification of grassland: case study of Inner Mongolia grassland." In Seventh International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition (MIPPR2011), edited by Jianguo Liu, Jinwen Tian, Hongshi Sang, and Jie Ma. SPIE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.902734.

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Gu, Qiang, and Jun Ma. "Study on Synergy of Grassland carbon sink management in Trans-regional Grassland." In 2017 3rd International Forum on Energy, Environment Science and Materials (IFEESM 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ifeesm-17.2018.353.

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Hayes, Emma, Suzanne Higgins, Josie Geris, and Donal Mullan. "Grassland Reseeding—Improving Grassland Productivity and Reducing Excess Soil Surface Nutrient Accumulations." In IOCAG 2022. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iocag2022-12182.

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Reports on the topic "Grassland"

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Cox, Steven Wayne. Grassland Management Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1459117.

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Jane Capozzelli, Jane Capozzelli. Biodiversity in working landscapes: Help us conserve declining grassland birds in restored Midwestern grasslands. Experiment, October 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/8053.

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Cable, Ted T., Scott Seltman, and Kevin J. Cook. Birds of Cimarron National Grassland. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rm-gtr-281.

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Doskey, P. V., M. L. Wesely, D. R. Cook, and W. Gao. Dry deposition of pan to grassland vegetation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/144615.

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Hazlett, Donald L. Vascular plant species of the Pawnee National Grassland. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-17.

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Janowiak, M., W. J. Connelly, K. Dante-Wood, G. M. Domke, C. Giardina, Z. Kayler, K. Marcinkowski, et al. Considering Forest and Grassland Carbon in Land Management. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington Office, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/wo-gtr-95.

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Herold, Jamie, and Kitty McCracken. Grassland Ecosystem Management Plan for the Oak Ridge Reservation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1476430.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 3: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Mountain Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.303.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 2: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Terai Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.302.

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Richard, C., J. P. Sah, K. Basnet, and Y. Raut. Grassland Ecology and Management in Protected Areas of Nepal, Volume 3: Technical and Status Papers on Grasslands of Mountain Protected Areas. Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.303.

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